9168 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 26

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Statement by Hon. James C. Healey, of On March 16, 1958, a religious school was to establish a home for. these young men bombed at 2:30 a.m., in Miami, Fla., and a who serve the Congress as pages. New York, on H.R. 2337 Jewish community center was damaged in The naming of page boys comes under Nashville, Tenn., at 8 :30 p .m. by dynamite. the patronage system; hence they may come EXTENSION OF REMARKS Here again, a purported member of the con­ from the 49 States, far and near. The maxi­ federate underground claimed responsibility mum age limit of a page i!> 18 years an~ the OF in an anonymous telephone call, On October minimum age is 14 years. The average age 12, 1958, the Temple of Atlanta was seri­ is between 15 and 16 years. A boy at this HON. JAMES C. HEALEY ously damaged by a bomb explosion at 3:30 stage has not reached years of discretion. OF NEW YORK a .m. Once again, a telephone caller an­ Under the present setup, these boys have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nounced that the confederate underground living accomniodations scattered through­ had set off the explosion. out the city. Some are paying exorbitant Tuesday, May 26, 1959 In all the specific cases cited, the local rents and, in many cases, are exposed to the Mr. HEALEY. Mr. Speaker, I am in­ police authorities were convinced that the evils of a large city without adult super­ cluding in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD outrages committed in their cities were vision. my statement to the Committee on the symptomatic of an interst ate conspiracy Boys of 14 or 15 are neither mentally Judiciary, Subcommittee No. 3, in con­ directed by a group calling itEelf the con­ nor physically matured, and, in my opinion, federate underground o~ the confederate in­ every Member of this Congress is, to some nection with my bill, H. R. 2337: formation center. extent, responsible for their well-being. It I want to thank the subcommittee for Americans are by nature, tradition, and up­ is not only our duty but we have an obli­ the opportunity to present my stat ement brin ging a lawabiding people. We do not gation to furnish these boys with the paren­ in support of my bill, H. R . 2337, which relish subversion of our democratic and tal care and supervision they left behind would prohibit certain acts involving the sacred institutions. These acts of violence, when coming to Washington. .transportation, importation, possession, or these d yn amitings and explosions have The page boys must attend school at the ·use of explosives. created the exact reverse of the effect that Library of Congress before reporting to The bill would make it a Federal offense was intended. All respectable citizens and work each morning. In some cases, these for anyone to possess explosives transported .civic groups, in the South as well as in the boys travel alone several miles in the early ·in interstate commerce with the knowledge North, have cried out against these shameful morning hours. We owe it to the f am ilies or intent that such explosives would be acts of vandalism and terror. of these young men to enact legislation of used to d amage any building used for edu­ Unfortunately, however, many of the lo­ this kind. cational, religious, charitable, or civic pur­ cal police officials h ave n either the ability My proposal would require these boys to poses. The bill contains a provision, mod­ nor the crime detection facilities necessary pay reasonable rent, just as they do now. eled- after the Lindbergh Kidnapping Act, to ferret out the perpetrators of these out­ The home should, therefore, be self-sustain­ which is designed to allow the Federal Bu­ rages. Furt h ermore, it is likely that the ing. These teenage boys will be the men reau of Investigation to intervene as soon crim in als flee by automobiles across State .of tomorrow. Many are dreaming of taking as a bombing occurs in any localit y. The lines. For theLUDWIG TELLER man. · organization he helped to found in 1936. OF NEW YORK And, on Wednesday last a good friend, In 1937 he was regional director of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a great public servant and one who the CIO Textile Workers Organizing loved his fellow man, passed this way Committee, which set out to unionize Tuesday, May 26, 1959 for the last time. And his passing has 1,25Q,OOO employees in the industry un­ Mr. TELLER. Mr. Speaker, we have filled the hearts of many with sorrow. der the guidance of John L. Lewis. In all been greatly heartened during the Those who knew him most intimately, the same year, Mr. Holderman, worked past few months by the Nation's eco­ who had worked with him in the labor toward the organization of a labor party nomic recovery and decline in unem- that was his love, the officers and execu­ in New Jersey .among CIO and AF~ ployment. . tive board of the New Jersey State CIO unions. · Nevertheless, despite the general eco­ Council, recorded their deep sorrow over In World War II he served on the War nomic recovery, we must not lose sight ''the passing of our brother and former Labor Board and the Newark Labor Re­ of some basic problems that face the president, Carl Holderman." In this lations Board and Defense Council. American economy at this stage. Un­ manner Carl Holderman devoted his en­ Holderman was above all else a man employment still remains a major prob­ tire life to the service of all who must of character and integrity, and idealist lem. toil. Every workingman and woman, and dedicated servant of the rank and It has, therefore, been a source of both from within and without the ranks file worker in his State and in the Na­ great disappointment to me that the of organized labor, has had his life en­ tion. He was a foe of corruption and Ways and Means Committee has re­ riched by the noble contributions made shady dealings in the trade union move­ jected proposed legislation to strengthen by this great leader of the New Jersey ment and in political life. He was a and improve our unemployment insur­ trade union movement. His achieve­ sophisticated and able operator in the ance system. We need Federal stand­ ments will forever constitute a monu- fields of both politics and labor, but he ards for unemployment ·insurance re- 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 9173 gardless of the immediate economic to help the diverse needs of people re­ come obsolete because the demand for conditions that prevail in the country. siding in economically depressed areas. the products in which they have been It is exactly during this time of general S. 722 provides for technical assistance engaged has lessened or disappeared be­ economic recovery that we should focus to plan the redevelopment of the com­ cause of changes in consumer habits or .our sights ahead and plan to reduce the munity, loans to business locating or ex­ new technological developments, or be­ tragic impact of any future declines in panding in these communities, the devel­ cause of depletion of resources or change total economic activity, and provide for opment of needed public facilities, train­ of industrial location. persons willing and able to work who ing and retraining of the labor force in The program would, therefore. provide lose their jobs due to no fault of their depressed areas, and urban renewal. for the establishment of training facili­ own. I believe that present levels and Let me briefly summarize each of these ties in these areas to equip the labor force duration of benefits are inadequate in provisions. The first step in area rede­ to accept new jobs. In many cases it most States. velopment is the inventory of human would be unreasonable to expect people Another basic problem about unem­ and physical resources of the communi­ who have been exposed to long periods ployment is the fact that it tends to be ties. This type of a survey should help of unemployment to be able to undergo concentrated in a number of areas the people in the community to appraise an effective training program without throughout the Nation. Even during the their economic potential and to plan the any means of subsistence. The program period of general prosperity which the type of industry which can best ftourish provides that persons undergoing train­ Nation has enjoyed since World War II, in the community. We need a central ing for new jobs w<>uld receive subsist­ areas with high levels of unemployment office which can become a reservoir for ence payments during the period of have persisted during good times andre­ the various techniques developed to aid training, but not for a Reriod exceeding cessions. It is my firm conviction that area redevelopment and to help individ­ 13 weeks. It has been realized that this we must provide Federal aid to help pull ual areas to appraise their economic type of program may be very costly. But these communities out of their economic status. The Federal Government has the proposed program would limit the doldrums and to help broaden their eco­ been doing this type of work for many .subsistence payments to $10 million a nomic base so that the people in these years. There is now an Office of Area year. This would allow the administra­ communities can participate in making Development in the Department of Com­ tor of the program to evaluate the need their contribution to the general eco­ merce which does exactly that. The and effectiveness of subsistence pay­ nomic growth of the country. Bureau of Employment Security in the ments, but at the same time restrict the The needs of the Nation and a hu­ Department of Labor has conducted a budgetary outlays to a bare minimum. manitarian philosophy dictate that every number of surveys of the available man­ Finally the program would extend the American should have the opportunity power pool and skills available in several present urban renewal program to to engage in gainful employment, to localities. But the resources of these blighted commercial areas. At present, support himself and his family. The agencies are entirely too inadequate to ·urban renewal activity is primarily lim­ fact is that in depressed areas where perform the needed job. The proposed ited to residential slum areas. -chronic unemployment and underem­ legislation would, therefore, provide $4.5 In outlining the program, I failed to ployment prevail, such an opportunity is million annually to expand technical mention the sums allocated for the re­ denied to thousands of families in many facilities to help depressed areas to de­ volving funds in connection with the States throughout the Union. .velop a positive program of action for community facilities and the amount to It would, therefore, be a grave mistake self -development. be expended for grants and loans. The for us to turn our backs now on the prob­ Once a community is ready to embark bill as approved by the Senate calls for lems of these areas because of the gen­ on a program of economic expansion, it three revolving funds of $100 million eral economic recovery. Experience has is frequently found that chronically de­ each for loans in industrial areas, loans shown that a general rise in income and pressed communities do not have suffi­ in rural areas and for public facilities. employment is not going to solve the cient resources and facilities to attract A $75 million fund was provided for problems of chronically depressed areas. new i~dustry. The program, therefore, grants. This, it should be noted, was the To help these communities we must provides for the establishment Qf a re­ total extent of th~ fund and not an an­ inaugurate a program which would help volving fund from which the depressed nual amount. the people in the depressed areas to help communities could borrow money at a Unfortunately, as an over-simplifica­ themselves. Obviously I do not believe reasonable rate of interest to improve tion, the $300 million allocated for re­ that the Federal Government either can their public facilities. Only in the case volving funds, the $75 million grants, the or should solve the problems of local of the poorest communities whose eco­ $10 million subsistence payments and the communities, but I am firmly convinced nomic base is insufficient or has deteri­ $4.5 million for technical assistance have that the Federal Government can help orated to the extent to which the com­ been added up and totaled, giving the im­ them. munity does not have a sufficient tax pression that the bill provides for an an.:. To do this job, we must provide a va­ base to pay for the interest on loans does nual expenditure of $379.5 million. riety of programs to suit the individual the program provide grants. This, of course, is a misrepresentation. needs of the various communities. Ap­ The third step in community rede­ The $300 million revolving funds are not propriate legislation to accomplish this velopment is to attract new industry. It really an expenditure or a burden upon much-needed end has been before Con­ is a well-known fact that capital in the the taxpayer. The best experience with gress for a number of years. Congress declining communities is not as venture­ this type of loan by the RFC, Small Busi­ passed area redevelopment legislation to­ some as that in expanding and growing ness Administration and others ha$ ward the end of the 85th Congress, communities. Consequently, the ques­ shown that these loans are repaid in full. which I was happy to support. It was tion of credit becomes more acute in Moreover, the interest that borrowers disappointing to me that the President these areas. The proposed legislation will have to pay on these loans will be saw fit to veto the area redevelopment would, therefore, establish a revolving in excess of the interest paid for by the bill in 1958. fund from which businesses locating or Federal Government. Hence, the loans This year the Senate was quick to expanding in these communities would would not constitute any burden upon seize the initiative to reenact similar be able to obtain loans. The bill provides the taxpayer. legislation to that vetoed last year. I for two separate revolving funds: one for But the revolving funds for the loans believe that the bill (S. 722) approved industrial communities and the other for would have to appear as an additional by the Senate should be enacted into rural areas where income is commonly .budgetary outlay, and because of the law without further delay. We should low and where underemployment pre­ overzealousness to balance the budget vails. from a bookkeeping point of view, pro­ no longer tolerate postponing a job which A fourth aspect of the proposed pro­ ponents of the legislation have feared America needs, and needs immediately. gram deals with the training of the hu­ a repetition of last year's unfortunate The bill passed by the Senate is the man resources in the community. In veto of similar legislation. The majority product of long and thoughtful hear­ rural areas there is frequently a lack of of the House Banking and Currency ings and debate which has been going sufficiently trained personnel available Committee has, therefore, cut down the on continuously since the 84th Congress. for new plants. In industrially depressed amount of the proposed loans by one­ It offers a variety of provisions designed areas the skills of many people have be- third. As the bill now provides, there 9174 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE May 26 will be two revolving funds-one for $75 DISTRESSED AREAS metal industries and many of its local resi­ A. Major labor market dents must depend upon jobs in nearby areas million for loans, and $50 million revolv­ for continued employment since the area ing fund for public facilities. In addi­ Utica-Rome: This large labor market in does not itself support the population. tion, the funds allocated for grants are central New York State, including both Elmira: This labor market includes Che­ reduced to $35 million. Oneida and Herkimer counties, suffered seri­ mung County. Unemployment began to as­ I am happy to note, however, that ously from the postwar contraction of the sume serious proportions in December 1957 textile industry. It has struggled desper­ and has continued at high levels through none of the programs proposed by the ately to replace some of the textile jobs with Senate has been eliminated. 1958 and in 1959. In February 1959 the rate new durable goods plants, but these have was 11.1 percent. The community has suf­ I commend the distinguished Mem­ also been hard hit by unemployment. While fered from widespread layoffs in machinery bers of the House Banking and Cur­ these plants have opened up new jobs for and the electrical equipment plants. rency Committee for the diligent work the younger people, they have not provided Glens Falls-Hudson Falls: This labor mar­ that they have done on this bill and the job opportunities for the older population. ket includes both the counties of Warren spirit of compromise which they have As a result the rate of unemployment in the and Washington. Unemployment was most labor market in January 1959 was 11.8 per­ marked in 1958 with reductions in the elec­ displayed in order to secure administra­ cent. tion appproval of the proposed legisla­ trical equipment, paper, and textile indus­ The unemployment rate reached a high of tries. In 1958 the average rate of unem­ tion. 11.3 percent in January 1955, but had de­ ployment was 9.7 percent. I urge that we enact S. 722 as clined in the subsequent years reaching a Gloversville: This is one of the truly amended by the House Banking and low in the fall of 1956. In 1958 this labor chronically distressed labor markets. It en­ Currency Committee without further market again suffered reverses so that the compasses Fulton County. It suffers from delay. average unemployment rate for 1958 was 10.4 the decline of the dress, glove and the woolen -percent. The community needs consider:.. knit glove industry. These have been ad­ The country needs this - legislation. able assistance to revamp itS basic economic versely affected by imports. This area has We must help stamp out the blight of structure. been suffering from continuing high unem­ depressed areas from our midst. At B. Smaller labor markets ployment for a number of years. In 1955, this time when we all rejoice in the Eleven smaller labor markets have had a the average rate of unemployment was 13.0 Nation's economic recovery, we must high rate of unemployment for long enough percent; in 1956, 9.3 percent; in 1957, 14.1 plan ahead to prevent the reoccurrence periods to become eligible for benefits under percent and in 1958, 19.5 percent. In 1959, of recessions and economic decline. the area redevelopment bill. the rate was 17.9 percent in February. This Aid to depressed areas is a most effec­ The following are the periods during is an area needing immediate and continu­ tive tool to prevent, or at least reduce which these smaller labor market areas have ing attention. been certified as having had substantial la­ Kingston: This labor market of Ulster the impact of further recessions. The County has suffered from the closing of a program should also help millions of bor surpluses: Periods of substantial labor surpluses: large machinery manufacturing plant, as Americans in the depressed areas to en­ Amsterdam: June 1954 through Septem­ well as losses in the aircraft, paper, and joy a greater measure of prosperity ber 1956, March 1958 to date. chemical industries. Only the seasonal and to partake in our improving stand·­ Auburn: January 1955 through July 1955, pickups in the summer resort trade help off- ard of living. ·set these setbacks. The average rate of un­ Apr111958 to date. employment in 1958 was 8.1 percent and in A substantial measure of highly val­ Batavia: March 1958 to date. January 1959, 10.4 percent. uable research work has been done by Elmira: April1958 to date. Newburgh-Middletown-Beacon: This labor an organization known as the Area Glens Falls-Hudson Falls: June 1958 to market includes Orange and Putnam Coun­ Employment Expansion Committee to date. ties as well as the city of Beacon and the Gloyersville: November 1952 through Sep­ town of Fishkill in Dutchess County. There ·support and point up .the need for' ·a tember 1955, Apr111958 to date. Federal area redevelopment . program. ·have been widespread layoffs in the apparel, - Kingston: September 1958 to date. textiles, leather ,goods, metals, al!d _ma­ One of the fact sheets· recently issued Newburgh-Middletown-B-eacon: July 1958 chinery industries. Many residents work­ ·by the Area -Employment · Expansfon "to date. · ing in outside areas have · also been ad­ Committee has to do. with a situation in Oneida: June 1958 to date. versely affected. The average rate of un.­ ·the State of New York. The text of Plattsburgh: M.arch 1959 to date. · ·employment in 1958 was 9.7 percent. Much this New York fact sheet study, sup­ Watertown: April 1958 to date. hope has been placed in the economic ·ef­ ported by detailed tables ·which I have . Amsterdam: This textile community has fects of the New York Thruway but these omitted in the interest of brevity, is as suffered repeated setpacks from the closing have not yet lived up to expectations. ·follows: · of large textile mills. The shift of mills Oneida: The Madison County labor mar­ from this area to other States and the con­ ket has also recently been added to the list .AREA REDEVELOPMENT FACT SHEET No. 61- traction of operations are the basic causes of the distressed areas. There have been NEW YORK STATE for its difficulties. The community has made heavy cutbacks in the silverware industry. The Empire State is among those which desperate efforts to attract new plants. It This is a community which needs long term would benefit from the proposed area re­ has sponsored local industrial advances improvements. Residents have been work­ development legislation. While the total though individual improvements have been ing in outside areas and commuting and the number of areas immediately affected con­ made. cutbacks in these outside areas have ad­ stitutes a somewhat smaller proportion of The labor market includes Montgomery versely affected local people. The unem­ the total of the State than is prevalent in . county. It has had annual average rates of ployment rate has been particularly high in other States where there are more chronical­ unemployment of 9.4 percent in 1955; 9.8 1958, with an annual average rate of 13.1 ly distressed areas, yet th~ problems are percent in 1956; 8.9 percent in 1957 and percent. Long term redevelopment is es­ none the less serious in this State. 14.1 percent in 1958. In January 1959, the sential. In January 1959, there were one major unemployment rate was 13.5 percent. Plattsburg: This labor market includes labor market, Utica-Rome, and 11 smaller Auburn: Including as this labor market Clinton County and has suffered from the areas which would become eligible immedi­ does Cayuga County, it has been a center of long term drop in construction and losses· in ately for benefits under the area redevelop­ _industrial activity except that it has.sutiered mining industries. The average rate of un­ ment bill. Their total civilian labor force from plant closings and the contraction of employment in- 1958 was 12.9 percent and was over one-half million people, which some of its basic industries. Among the unemployment continued at a high rate of probably represented some 6 percent of the most significant closings was that of the In­ 15 percent in February 1959. State's working population. The average ternational Harvester Co. Recently an elec­ Watertown: The Watertown labor market rate of unemployment in these areas was trical machinery company moved out of the includes Jefferson County. The d~culties 11.9 percent. It would take 29,865 new jobs area. Difficulties are being faced by other of this community are attributable to the to eliminate the unemployment in excess of textile plants in the area. The annual aver­ decline in employment in the machinery 6 percent in these areas. age rate of unemployment in 1955 was 9.1 and paper industries. The high unemploy­ In addition, there were six major labor percent; in 1956, 7.1 percent; in 1957, 8.4 ment rates were first noticeable in March markets, four smaller labor markets and percent and in 1958, 14.3 percent. Relief 1957 and continued through all of 1958. three very small labor markets in which from continued high unemployment is not The average rate of unemployment for 1958 there was a substantial labor surplus. Con­ in sight. was 11.6 percent. tinued high unemployment in these areas Batavia: This labor market includes Gene­ see County. Its annual average rate of un­ AREAS OF SUBSTANTIAL LABOR SURPLUS would graduate them into the chronically employment in 1957 was 8.8 percent and in In addition to the preceding distressed distressed state. It is probable that some 1958, 9.4 percent. While it was only re­ areas there are a number of labor markets of these areas will reach this condition. cently certified as having substantial labor with substantial labor surpluses. This There are 23 counties for which no labor surpluses, it faces serious problems. Layoffs condition has not been of sufficient duration market data are currently available. have occurred in its machinery and primary to qualify them for the benefits of the act. 1959 CONGRESSIONAl RECORD- HOUSE 9175 These areas will become eligible as of the Government Operations the experience of answers by a witness regarding a study being following dates: the Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee made by the ·Government on U.S. oversea Corning-Hornell, June 1959. on Disarmament with the declassification of bases. When it was pointed out by the sub­ Olean-Salamanca, June 1959. information by the executive branch. I am committee that this information was con­ Albany-Schenectady-Troy, July 1959. presenting this statement in response to a. tained in a news conference of the Secretary Buffalo, July 1959. request from the distinguished chairman of of State, the Department officials then said New York, July 1959. the subcommittee, JoHN E. Moss. the testimony had been deleted because it Syracuse, July 1959. It is not my intention to suggest that the seemed irrelevant. It was suggested that it Jamestown-Dunkirk, July 1959. specific. cases I cite be investigated further. was not the function of the Department in Orleans, September 1959. Rather, it is to show that information is reviewing testimony for publication to rule Binghamton, October 1959. withheld for reasons that cannot be justi­ on the relevancy of the discussion, partic­ Catskill, December 1959. fied in the name of national security and to ularly questions the chairman considered Waterford-Mechanicsville-Stillwater, Jan- stress the need for vigilance on this matter sufficiently relevant to raise in the first place. uary 1960. by all congressional committees. The Department then agreed to leave in the Wellsville, January 1960. Over the past year the Subcommittee on discussion on the oversea base problem.s Rochester, July 1960. Disarmament held a number of hearings, 4. The Department of the Army and the many of them in executive session. In all Department of Defense classified testimony cases the executive session was held because relating to the results of Operation Sage­ the witness requested it. Usually, after such brush, simulated war maneuvers of the a session the transcript of the hearing was Armed Forces using tactical nuclear weapons. Executive Censorship submitted to the executive agency or agen­ The Army refused to remove the classifica­ cies involved for review. The executive tion even after it was pointed out that at agency then marked those parts of the testi­ the time of the maneuvers, in October 1955, a EXTENSION OF REMARKS mony that, in its opinion, should remain reporter wrote extensive stories about them OF classified. In order to determine whether and that these news accounts could only this classification was justified, the subcom­ have been written as a result of considerable HON. JOHN E. MOSS mittee and its staff reviewed carefully the background briefing on the part of military OF CALIFORNIA testimony after it was returned by the officers. Part of the reason why the Army executive officials. When the reason for the wished to continue to classify the informa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES classification was not self-evident, the execu­ tion, according to one officer, was that the Tuesday, May 26, 1959 tive officials were questioned about it. Fre­ results indicated the Army didn't know quite quently a reason other than security was what it was doing in the maneuvers. Even Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, studies con­ given for restricting the information. When if this were true, said the officer, the infor­ ducted by the Special Subcommittee on these erroneous reasons were pointed out the mation should not be released.' Government Information, at the direc­ executive officials often lifted the classifica­ 5. The Department of the Army requested tion of Hon. WILLIAM L. DAWSON, Of Il­ tion label. the elimination from the record to be pub­ linois, chairman of the House Committee The experience of the Subcommittee on lished several portions of testimony sub­ Disarmament suggests that in a great many mitted by Army Chief of Staff, Gen. Maxwell on Government Ope·rations, show that cases the executive branch censors testimony Taylor. When challenged on the classifica­ only by constant vigilance can the Con­ for insufficient reason. In order to correct tion, over 90 percent of what had been taken gress prevent unjustified restrictions this practice the committees of the Con­ out was restored. Among the passages finally which executive agencies seek to impose gress and their staffs ought to review care­ declassified were those containing general upon the availability of information· to fully all testimony which executive depart­ discussions of new nuclear weapons devel­ the Congress and the public. The sub­ ments ask to have classified. The review . opment and the tactical uses of these weap­ committee recently received frol_ll Sena­ should seek to determine the reasons for ons. They also put back statements the continued classification and whether they general had made on the necessity of im­ tor HUBERT H. HUMPHREY, of Minnesota, are valid. Such a procedure would redound proving our nonatomic or conventional an account of some of tlie censorship to the benefit of the electorate by providing weapons capab111ties if a. nuclear weapons obstacles encountered . by the Senate our citizens with an opportunity to become test ban should go into effect, general infor­ Subcommittee on Disarmament, of better informed. Members of Congress mation on the fabrication of nuclear weap­ which the Senator is chairman. His would also be in a mucli better position to ons, expressions of opinion regarding the re­ statement illustrates the necessity for perform their constitutional responsib'nities. lHtbility of agreements with the U.S.S.R., congressional committees to be ever alert The cases which follow 1llustrate the vari­ views on the psychological impact of a nu­ for attemptS_ by executive agencies to ous points I wish to bring out: clear test suspension on people around the ·1. The Central Intelligence Agency, in re­ world, and the effects of nuclear fallout.5 misuse secrecy labels which are intended viewing testimony given by a noted scientist, 6. The Government continues to classify solely for the protection of genuine se­ had classified a passage of testimony. When significant information dealing with seis­ curity matters, not for hiding informa­ questioned as to why, the CIA official indi­ mology, the study of earthquakes and move­ tion which may cause controversy or be cated he did not agree with the conclusion of ments in the interior of the earth. This against policy. the sciimtist arid incorrect information includes testimony given before the Disarma­ The statement follows: should not be given out. When challenged ment Subcommittee and documents sub­ further on the point, the CIA representative mitted to the subcommittee by executive ExPERIENCE OF THE SENATE SUBCOMMITTEE ON agreed to let the scientist's conclusion stand.t agencies. The subcommittee has never re­ DISARMAMENT ON THE DECLASSIFICATION OF 2. The Atomic Energy Commission at first ceived a satisfactory explanation as to why GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS AND TESTIMONY classified portions of testimony given by one such studies should be kept secret.8 (Statement of Senator HUBERT H. HUMPHREY, of its chiefs of divisions that there was no The reason that such studies should be chairman, to the Special House Subcom­ evidence the Soviet Union was developing, made available is that advances in the mittee on Government Informati9n) testing, or producing so-called clean nuclear science of seismology are needed and neces­ Achieving a balance between informing weapons; that is, weapons with reduced sary to improve our knowledge about the the public and preventing the dissemination radioactive fallout. The Commission was detection and identification of underground of information which would be injurious to asked whether it was not in the interest of nuclear explosions. It is to the interest of the Nation's security is one of the great the United States to have this information the United States to speed up our work in problems that confronts our Government at brought out. The Commission reviewed the the present time. In this effort both the matter and decided that the information was 'a Hearings of the Subcommittee on Dis­ executive and legislative branches have a. of interest and agreed to leave in that portion of the testimony.2 armament, "Disarmament and Foreign Pol­ responsibility. ley," pt. I, testimony of William C. Foster, pp. The Congress has been wise to establish 3. The Department of State had struck out of testimony questions by the chairman and 73-74. special committees to study this problem and ' Hearings of the Subcommittee on Dis­ to take or recommend action when agencies armament, "Disarmament and Foreign Pol­ 1 Hearings of the Subcommittee on Dis­ of the executive branch a-ppear to be re­ icy," pt. I, testimony of Gen. Maxwell D. stricting unduly the availability of informa­ armament, "Control and Reduction of Arma­ Taylor, p. 140. tion to the public. In addition to these ments," pt. 17, testimony of Dr. Hans Bethe, special committees the other committees of p. 1539, discussion of the number of earth­ 'Ibid., pp. 116, 117, 118, 119, 133, and 136. the Congress must also be alert constantly quakes occurring each year in the U.S.S.R. s Since. preparing this statement I am to guard against the deliberate or inadvert­ and China equal to a given yield of nuclear pleased to report that some of this informa­ ent suppression of important data. when explosive. tion has been released. Some material con­ national security is not involved. 2 Hearings of the Subcommittee on Dis­ tained in the Berkner Report on Seismic The purpose of this testimony is to share armament, "Control and Reduction of Arma­ Improvement was released on June 12. There with the Special Government Information m~nts," pt. 16, testimony of Brig. Gen. Alfred is the possib111ty that more of such informa­ Subcommittee of the House Committee on D. Starbird, p. 1394. - tion v,rill be forthcoming. 0176 CONGRESSIONAl: RECORtY .:...:.:HOUSE May 2'6 this field so that we may have a better con­ River Valley. A second jewel, Crater practice was stopped in time to save for ception of the capabilities of a control sys­ Lake National Park in the Cascade Oregon some 434 billion board feet of saw­ tem for the cessation of nuclear weapons Range; adjoins the Fourth District. timber, which makes it by far the country's tests. An expanded research program in leading lumber-producing State. seismology is essential and a number of well­ I am glad I did not have to make the But these trees do more than support 70 qualified and prominent seismologists and five selections. Oregon in this centen­ percent of Oregon manufacturing. payrolls. geophysicists have recommended specific nial year is more lovely than ever. It is They safeguard the runoff of innumerable projects; yet, the detailed description of beautiful. lakes and rivers; they furnish the snug home these projects and the estimates given for Under leave to extend my remarks in for big game, birds, and other wild crea­ the workability of certain theories for the the REcORD I now include "Make Mine tures. detection and identification of nuclear Oregon": Across the street from our 45-year-old weapons tests remain closed to the public MAKE MINE OREGON colonial-style residence in Portland are fir and to scientists throughout the country. trees twice the height of our three-storied What is particularly of concern is that some (By RICHARD L. NEUBERGER, U.S. Senator, roof. More evergreens grow in Portland than of our scientists who have visited the Soviet Oregon) in any other city of the world, even in­ Union within the past year report that in One sultry day last June, my wife Maurine cluding those in Vienna, immortalized by some fields in seismology the Soviet Union is was at a swimming party in Washington, Johann Strauss' lilting "Tales From the much more advanced than the· United States D.C., with nine other wives of U.S. Senators. Vienna Woods." and that in many respects more money is Pool-side conversation turned to the sub­ A mere 1 percent of the national popula­ being spent on fundamental research in ject of each wife's home State. Maurine tion-1,760,000 people-inh~bit Oregon, a seismology in the Soviet Union than is being was amazed to find she was the only woman realm more than twice the size of Pennsyl­ spent in the United States. there who still had a house of her own in vania. This- means that elk, mule deer, This suggests to me that the Department the State which had sent her husband to pronghorned antelope and ·cougars have not of Defense should not be the primary agency the Senate. The others confessed they rarely yet been civilized out of existence in our responsible for developing programs in the . returned to their States, except perhaps dur­ State. People fish for smelt in the rushing field of seismology and related scientific ing election years. Sandy River with wastebaskets, washtubs fields. Perhaps if this work were lodged in When Maurine-like a good Senate wife­ and stewpots. Shovels and rakes bring in a the Coast and Geodetic Survey of th!'l De­ reported her findings to me, we tried to rich harvest ·of crab, clams and oysters from partment of Commerce or the National figure it out. It didn't take long. Our home the sea. · Academy of Science, the scientists of the State is Oregon. Obviously, the rest of the Oregon's 167 State parks are the most nu­ country would have access to the results of Senate wives by the pool that afternoon came merous of any State, and why not? Around studies made and experiments conducted. from States whose charms were pallid by every bend in the road is a scene worth per­ The six cases discussed briefly illustrate contrast with Oregon's. manent protection. At Silver Creek Falls, a that Government agencies mistakenly The evergreen forests and snowy peaks of sheer cliff is embroidered with a varied series classify information and deny it to the pub­ Oregon have such a hold on us that we of lacy cataracts. At Ecola Park, timbered lic. These are not the only cases that could head westward the minute the Vice Presi­ headlands of the Coast Range kneel spectacu­ be cited, but I believe the ones · I have sub­ dent's gavel falls on the closing Senate ses­ larly in the Pacific. · Lewis and Clark, first of mitted amply demonstrate the need for vigi­ sion. We never return to the Capital until all westbound Americans, picked the name lance on the part of congressional commit­ the reading clerk is ready to intone the first "ecola," the Clatsop Indian word for "whale." tees to review carefully all transcripts which rollcall of the new Congress. And we My pulse always beats faster when I am contain classified information. If this is usually travel by train, so we can savor the camping or surf bathing where our Nation's done, then perhaps executive agencies, too, thrill of rolling into Oregon through the · most important exploring party reached its will exhibit greater awareness of the public's gi:eat natural gateway of the Columbia goal. need to know and will exercise greater care Gorge. ,Sometimes as I sit in my leather chair on in the future in the classification of tes~i­ Indeed, we understand well the sentiments the Senate floor, between Senators FRANK mony. of the young married couple, schoolteachers CHURCH, of Idaho, and ALBERT GORE, of Ten­ I would not want to end this statement from New York City, who worked for a sum­ nessee, I think of hand-hewn Timberline without emphasizing that in most cases over­ mer as lookouts in Oregon's Mount Hood Lodge, notched into the great glacial face classification of information is not a delib­ National Forest. They lived in a. crackerbox of Mount Hood, with its tempting choice be­ ex:ate effort to deceive the people or to protect cabin on a lonely bowsprit of lava rock above tween 3-mlle ski runs and a steam-heated the Government from criticism. Generally ­ a sea of fir trees. "It's downright breath­ pool. My mind dwells in reverie on the I think it is due to a habit of being over­ taking," they exclaimed. "And we even got meadows of clematis and bride's bonnet cautious; in other words, to follow the rule paid for it. We had no idea our country which dot the granite Wallowa Range, where to_classify when in doubt. contained a Shangri-La." · gleaming little lakes are alive with trout. They were not the first or the most re­ I recall turbulent rides on the· Rogue River nowned to react so exuberantly. Six decades in the boat which brings mail to the people of before, a mustached little Englishman avidly the wilderness, and I remember riding out of Djck Neuberger Selects Oregon's Scenic angled for Chinook salmon from the Clacka­ Hells Canyon across · the frowning hump of mas River and exulted: Freezeout Saddle. Hells Canyon is 6,500 feet Gems "I have lived. The American Continent," deep--deeper even than the Grand Canyon said Rudyard Kipling, "may now sink under of the Colorado-and sometimes the com­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS the sea, for I have taken the best that it fortable Senate chair fades away and I am OF _ yields, and the best was ne·ither dollars, love, peering giddily down at the green Snake nor real estate." River, over a mile below. HON. CHARLES 0. PORTER Oregon is one of the few States of the Being a U.S. Senator from Oregon has its OF OREGON West where it was rare for a frontiersman rewards. But the penalty is spending so to perish from hunger. Tales of cannibal­ much time 3,000 miles away from Oregon. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ism might come from California or Colo­ Oregon can spoil people for other places. Tuesday, May 26, 1959 rado, but in Oregon there was always a Roses grow in abundance in Portland, the stream bursting with fish or a mountain long, cool spring giving this loveliest of all Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, native or swale dotted with elk. Waterfowl streaked flowers a special sheen and fragrance. If adopted sons and daughters of Oregon the sky overhead. Oregon was breadbasket rodeos are your weakness, the annual Pendle­ can vouch for the Oregon which has been and lumberyard for California's gold rush. ton Round-Up is without peer. If flights described by my good friend and col~ The Columbia River is a symbol of Ore­ of migratory waterfowl at sunset make you league Senator RICHARD L. NEUBERGER in gon's remarkable fecundity. Its salmon runs feel humble and nostalgic, the Malheur Na­ the following article, "Make Mine Ore­ are worth $20 mi111on annually. It has tional Wildlife Refuge is in a class by itself. gon." It appeared in the June 1959 the proportions of the Rhine or St. Lawrence. If the Malheaur Refuge were in distant In its swift reaches lie over 40 percent o! Africa, Americans might cross the Atlantic issue of Pageant magazine. - our country's potential hydroelectric power. and the Mediterranean to be awed by it. The A native of the State, a student of its lt_frequently attains a depth of 300 feet and immense refuge, established by President beauties, and probably its most well­ annually carries 180 million acre-feet of Theodore Roosevelt as a wildlife sanctuary, is known author-politician, DICK NEU­ water to the sea. The surging Colorado, 100 miles long and 30 miles wide. One sees BERGER agreed to select his favorite five n~xt principal river of the American West, countless sandhill cranes, egrets, herons, spots in Oregon for the magazine. It has a runoff of only 18 million a-cre-feet. pelicans, ducks and geese, swans, gulls, quail, was a difficul assignme.nt. How does one Throughou_t western Oregon, evergreen . sage hens, and loons. As a wayfarer walks trees flourish like weeds do everywh~re _ else. along the dikes, small game starts up--deer, separate gem fro~ ge~? They thrive in backyards, cling precariously raccoons, beavers. porcupine. badgers, But he took the plunge and I am happy to mountainsides. Trees grow so profusely coyotes, antelope. to report that one is in the Fourth Con­ in Oregon that the early settlers actually Oregon, less publicized than such States as gressional District-it is Ashland's burned off virgin fir and pine so they could California and Colorado, appears to my biased Shakespearean Festival in the Rogue clear the land for potatoes. This wasteful eyes to possess more grandeur than either. 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 9177.- Colorado lacks the ocean to offer contrast Columbus Day: An Opportunity To During the last 50 years, people have to its mountains. California, for all its come to believe that the destiny of the magnificence, is searingly dry and arid. But Strengthen the Spiritual Bonds of world was in America's hands-that Oregon lilts to murmuring water. Oregon reflects intellect and ideas, too. Her the Americas America was composed of men from the people have taxed themselves sacrificially in mold of Columbus-men who ques­ order to develop one of the finest school sys­ tioned, dared, and dreamed-men who tems in the Nation. During the Korean war, EXTENSION OF REMARKS had the courage to translate their in Army aptitude and intelligence tests, GI's OF dreams into noble action for the bene­ from Oregan had a higher proportion of fit of all mankind. successful grades than those from any other HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. State except Minnesota. In the percentage of OF NEW JERSEY U.S. CITIZENS NEED TO KNOW MORE ABOUT LATIN AMERICANS its adult population with less than 5 years of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES schooling, Oregon comes up with only 4.3 In recent years, we of the United percent--the best record save for Iowa, with Tuesday, May 26, 1959 States have been too unmindful of the 3.9 percent. problems besetting our neighbors in the Oregon is but 1 century old this year, Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, as the yet its contributions to Government would author of H.R. 418, which seeks to de­ other 20 American Republics. After be worthy of a State in the Union since clare October 12-Columbus Day-a legal World War II, the national yearnings colonial times. It was a precedent-break­ holiday-! would like at this time to tell of the peoples of Asia and Africa burst ing Oregon law which resulted in the orig­ you about some of the outstanding 1958 upon us like a bomb. In our struggle inal U.S. Supreme Court decision upholding Columbus Day celebrations sponsored by to meet these unexpected responsibili­ a limitation on the number of hours which the National Citizens Committee for Co­ ties, we perhaps gave the impression to women could be worked in factories or lumbus Day. our Latin American neighbors that we laundries. no longer were concerned with their Oregon also was the first State to adopt As the first national chairman of the the initiative and referendum. To this day, Columbus Foundation which now spon­ problems. At the same time, population petitions are circulated on Oregon street sor the work of the National Citizens growth in Latin America has been ex­ corners and rural roads, as proposals are Committee for Columbus Day, i was more ceeding ours. In conjunction with pop­ placed on the ballot through the collection closely associated with the work of the ulation growth, there is a tremendous of signatures. Some people have reduced desire to push forward on the part of signature collecting to a skilled pastime, al­ national committee in 1958 than in the 4 previous years of its existence. all Latin Americans to obtain some of though pretty girls generally have the high­ the more tangible and intangible bene­ est skill of all. (And Oregon, where Jantzen Mr. ZABLOCKI, of Wisconsin, has ex­ bathing -suits were originated, has breath­ plained to you why I was chosen to head fits of life. takingly pretty girls.) Some 26 other States the Columbus Foundation, an organiza­ The 1958 demonstrations against Vice have copied Oregon's initiative and referen­ tion dedicated to increasing greater cul­ President and Mrs. NIXON in some of the dum laws. tural and educational exchange and im­ Latin American countries reveal the ur­ Furthermore, until Oregon demonstrated gent necessity for an improved under­ that there was a better way to do it, all proved understanding among the peoples of the Western Hemisphere. standing among the citizens of the 21 U.S. Senators were appointed by State legis­ American Republics. latures. Land companies, timber barons, THE COLUMBUS FOUNDATION and railroads bought and sold Senate seats In 1957, His Excellency Victor An­ like baubles. Finally, in Oregon, a brilliant Launched on October 12, 1958, the drade, then Bolivia's Ambassador to the reformer named William S. U'Ren initiated Columbus Foundation proposes to in­ United States and now her Foreign a movement which developed over the years crease and broaden the traditional· ob­ Minister, made this statement in an ad­ until, in 1906, Oregon became the first servance of Columbus Day in two ways: dress before the Cosmopolitan Club of State ever to elect a U.S. Senator by direct First. By stimulating such sister proj­ Pennsylvania State College: popular vote. The old appointment method ect::: as sister cities, sister schools and The average citizen in the United States was thoroughly discredited. The _ 17th colleges, and sister organizations. amendment to the Federal Constitution fol­ is only vaguely aware of Latin America. He Second. By encouraging educational has, on the whole, a kindly feeling toward - lowed, · requir~ng Members of the Senate from every State to be chosen at the ballot and cultural exchanges through scholar­ his southern neighbors and believes they will box. - ships raised by communities, schools, col­ stand beside the United States in the event leges, organizations and business groups. of crisis-as, indeed has been true in the So plenty of original thinking has oc­ past. But he knows comparatively little curred in Oregon against the backdrop of Now I want to commend the leaders of about Latin America and hears compara­ limitless forests and glacial mountains. I the National Citizens Committee for Co­ tively little. Many Latin Americans feel always get a thrill when I enter a remote lumbus Day for the fine work which is they are taken for granted by the United ranchhouse and find books from our well­ being done to bring to Americans . the States, and, perhaps there is something in stocked State library. Oregon citizens are that feeling. assiduous readers of books, magazines, Gov­ significance of the discovery of the West­ ernment documents and even the CoNGRES­ ern Hemisphere by Christopher Colum­ Recently, Members of Congress lis­ siONAL RECORD. bus. tened to an address by President Jose Below the timbered ramparts of the AMERICANS ALL-COLUMBUS DAY THEME Maria Lemus of El Salvador who pointed Siskiyou Range, Southern Oregon College sponsors one of the Nation's finest Shake­ The theme of the 1958 celebrations out that Communist imperialism men­ spearean festivals each August in an Eliza­ was: Americans All. No continent is aces the entire Western Hemisphere be­ bethan-style theater. Actors and actresses so closely knit by religious ties as is the cause of "valuable allies" in the hemi'­ from as far as England participate. Tour­ Western Hemisphere. All people who sphere such as "social injustice, disorder, ists who have fished for salmon or steelhead live on the American Continent are and political errors, the impoverishment trout by day sit under the stars at night for bound together by their belief in the of nations, and the wretchedness of great performances of "King Lear" or "Much Ado fatherhood of God and the brotherhood groups of human beings whom a weak­ About Nothing." of man-religious principles of Catho­ ened economy is not able to protect fully, Yet, in Oregon, man's handiwork will al­ lics, Protestants, and Jews. ways seem secondary to the State's cosmic nor offer comforting prospects." natural environment. Only through the determined fulfill­ U.S. CITIZENS MAKE COLUMBUS DAY AN OCCA­ Look down into the blue cauldron of ment of these spiritual values can we of SION TO LEARN ABOUT LATIN AMERICANS Crater Lake, the great National Park of our this hemisphere prove to the world the It is therefore with great pleasure that State. The icy water fills the volcanic hol­ value and effectiveness of our free west­ I tell you about some of the 1958 activi- low of Mount Mazama, which blew off its ern system. ties of the National Citizens Committee summit in prehistoric times. It is 2,000 feet Since the discovery of America over from rim to water, and uncharted distances to dramatize this great historical date, 450 years ago, this continent has been October 12, as an occasion to learn more from there to the lake bottom. The an inspiration to the peoples of the ubiquitous evergreen, in the form of stately world. From the beginning this new about our Latin American neighbors pines, stockades the lake's shore and the world has offered an opportunity for through meaningful exchanges of people croutonlike islands. Lupines and heather all peoples to seek and achieve a new and ideas. ring the rocks. Under the leadership of the President No Oregon resident can stand on the brink and more meaningful life because our of this mighty spectacle without immeas­ country was founded on the belief that of the United States, who made the urable pride in a State which a generous spiritual faith, initiative, courage, and Columbus Day address at the distin­ Creator has tinted and touched so glorious~y. energy are traits held in high esteem. guished New York City celebration, more 9178 CO~G~SSIONAL RECORD-. HOUSE May 26 than 40 State Governors issued 1958 Hon. Irving M. Ives, of New York; Hon. giving full reports on their activities. Columbus Day proclamations calling for Estes Kefauver, of Tennessee; Hon. There were countless others who carried observances on October 12 to create John F. Kennedy, of Massachusetts; out elaborate programs but did not write greater inter-American friendship and Hon. Thomas E. Martin, of Iowa; Hon. a full r_eport to the national committee. understanding under the theme "Ameri­ Wayne Morse, of Oregon; Hon. James COLUMBUS DAY AIDS cans All." In addition a majority of E. Murray, of Montana; Hon. Richard As background information for groups these Governors appointed State Colum­ L. Neuberger, of Oregon; Hon. William and schools, the national committee bus Day chairmen to stimulate statewide Proxmire, of Wisconsin; Hon. A. Willis provided two excellent pamphlets: "The observances and to coordinate the activi­ Robertson, of Virginia; Hon. Leverett Leaders Guide" and "You and Your ties of the various communities. Saltonstall, of Massachusetts; Hon. Latin American Neighbors"-the latter Stuart Symington, of Missouri; Hon. SUPPORT OF STATE GOVERNORS in collaboration with the Department of John J. Williams, of Delaware; Hon. Public Information of the Pan Ameri­ I would like to call your attention to Ralph Yarborough, of Texas; Hon. Mil­ the statewide Columbus Day observances can Union. ton R. Young, of North Dakota. "You and Your Latin American in some of our States. It is particularly U.S. House Members cooperating as pleasing to report that my own State of Neighbors" received great praise from honorary sponsors: Hon. Hugh J. Addo­ leaders everywhere. I recommend this New Jersey had a most outstanding series nizio, of New Jersey; Hon. Victor L. An­ of celebrations under the leadership of pamphlet to the attention of every fuso, of New York; Hon. Wayne Aspin­ Member of Congress. Gov. Robert B. Meyner and such dis­ all, of Colorado; Hon. William A. Barrett, tinguished mayors as my own mayor, In addition, I wish to also commend of Pennsylvania; Han. WalterS. Baring, the following for their excellent Colum­ Hon. Leo P. Carlin, of Newark. of Nevada; Hon. Hale Boggs, of Louisi­ Other examples of outstanding state­ bus Day materials: Dr. James A. Di ana; Hon. Gordon Canfield, of New Jer­ Renna, Kansas City, Mo.; Hon. Mary wide celebrations were: Pennsylvania, sey; Hon. Emanuel Celler, of New York; Colorado, Ohio, Florida, Tennessee, A. Varano, Philadelphia; Sister Con­ Hon. Marguerite Stitt Church, of Illinois; stantius, Clayton, Mo.; Tom Sarcone, Wisconsin, Iowa, California, Missouri, Hon. Harold D. Donohue, of Massachu­ Delaware, Utah, Massachusetts, New Des Moines, Iowa; John Egizzi, Spring­ setts; Han. Ivor D. Fenton, of Pennsyl­ field, Ill.; Charles G. Merlini, Utica, York, Illinois, and the District of Co­ vania; Hon. John E. Fogarty, of Rhode lumbia. N.Y.; Sister Mary Janet, East Lansing, Island; Hon. James G. Fulton, of Penn­ Mich.; Anthony E. Candela, Ashtabula, Cooperating Governors were: Hon. sylvania; Hon. Kathryn E. Granahan, of Ohio; Louis S. Solari, San Jose, Calif. James E. Folsom, Alabama; Ernest W. Pennsylvania; Hon. Martha W. Griffiths, Also noteworthy is the fact that these McFarland, Arizona; Goodwin J. Knight, of Michigan; Hon. Wayne L. Hays, of spectacular accomplishments were at­ California; Steve McNichols, Colorado; Ohio; Hon. Lester Holtzman, of New tained by private citizens in States and - Abraham Ribicoff, Connecticut; J. York; Hon. Walter H. Judd, of Minne­ communities who joined forces to create Caleb Boggs, Delaware; LeRoy Collins, sota; Hon. Don Magnuson, of Washing­ Columbus Day celebrations across the Florida; Marvin Griffin, Georgia; Wil­ ton; Han. Fred Marshall, of Minnesota; Nation. There was not one cent ex­ liam G. Stratton, Illinois; Harold W. Hon. Joseph W. Martin, Jr., of Massa­ pended by the National Citizens Com­ Handley, Indiana; Herschel C. Loveless, chusetts; Hon. Chester E. Merrow, of mittee for Columbus Day for salaries or Iowa; George Docking, Kansas; Albert New Hampshire; Hon. Joseph M. Mon­ paid staff. All of these skills were con­ B. Chandler, Kentucky; Earl K. Long, toya, of New Mexico; Hon. Albert P. Mo- tributed and donated by the officers and Louisiana; Edmund S. Muskie, Maine; . rano, of Connecticut; Hon. Thomas E. executive committee as their contribu­ Theodore R. McKeldin, Maryland; Fos­ Morgan, of Pennsylvania; Hon. Carl D. tion to better inter-American friend­ ter Furcolo, Massachusetts; G. Mennen Perkins, of Kentucky; Hon. Henry S. ship and international understanding. Williams, Michigan; Orville L. Freeman, Reuss, of Wisconsin; Hon. Peter W. Ro­ Furthermore, I was pleased to see the Minnesota; James T. Blair, Jr., Missouri; dino, Jr., of New Jersey; Hon. Alfred E. widespread development of interfaith Victor E. Anderson, Nebraska; Charles Santangelo, of New York; Hon. D. S. Columbus Day committees in the States H. Russell, Nevada; Lane Dwinell, New Saund, of California; Hon. Hugh Scott, and cities. The District of Columbia Hampshire; Robert B. Meyner, New of Pennsylvania; Hon. Henry 0. Talle, committee ·did an exceptional job. I Jersey; Averell Harriman, New York; of Iowa; Hon. Frank Thompson, Jr., of believe such a move represents a tre­ John E. Davis, North Dakota; C. William New Jersey; Han. Stewart L. Udall, of mendous step forward in the extension O'Neill, Ohio; George M. Leader, Penn­ Arizona; Hon. William B. Widnall, of of our spiritual leadership in North, sylvania; Frank G. Clement, Tennessee; New Jersey; Han. Clement J. Zablocki, of Central and South America. Price Daniel, Texas; Cecil H. Underwood, Wisconsin. THE 1958 NATIONAL CITIZENS COMMITTEE FOR West Virginia; Vernon W. Thompson, COOPERATION OF MAYORS Wisconsin; Milward L. Simpson, Wyo­ COLUMBUS DAY ming; Luis Munoz Marin, Puerto Rico; In addition to the outstanding leader­ The 1958 National Citizens Committee The Board of Commissioners, Hon. Rob­ ship given by Senators, Congressmen, for Columbus Day was composed of ert E. McLaughlin, President, District and Governors, hundreds of mayors fifty-odd people from many organiza.:. of Columbia. throughout the United States issued tions in thirty-odd States across the Columbus Day proclamations and ap­ country. Represented were business, SUPPORT OF MEMBERS OF CONGRESS pointed local chairmen and local com­ labor, education, fraternal, religious, Through the years, the National Citi­ mittees to stimulate communitywide ob­ and nationality groups. It was the zens Committee has invited Members of servances to advance the goal of in­ largest and most representative com­ Congress to act as honorary sponsors creased inter-American understanding mittee in the national committee's his­ for Columbus Day. In 1958, many dis­ under the theme of Americans All. tory. Again, I wish to express my ap­ tinguished Senators and Congressmen In this category of accomplishment, preciation for the fine leadership given not only were willing to serve as honor­ tlie following cities deserve special by Italian-American organizations to ary sponsors, but they helped to set up recognition for their unusual efforts: Columbus Day celebrations everywhere, Columbus Day committees in their States Kansas City, Mo.; Salt Lake City, Utah; and to the Knights of Columbus who and districts. Others gave major talks Springfield, Ill.; Wilmington, Del.; have labored so long to keep Columbus on Columbus Day in their own States York, Pa.; Hoboken, N.J.; Denver, Colo.; Day alive in this country. and elsewhere. Washington, D.C.; Nashville, Tenn.; The 1958 Columbus Day Committee U.S. Senators cooperating: Hon. Galveston, Tex.; San Jose, Calif.; Phil­ members were: Dr. George E. Arnstein, George D. Aiken, of Vermont; Hon. J. adelphia, Pa.; Tampa, Fla.; Miami, Fla.; Washington, D.C.; Mrs. Eugene Baca­ Glenn Beall, of Maryland; Hon. Styles Fitchburgh, Mass.; Clayton, Mo.; risse, New York City, N.Y.; James L. Ba­ Bridges, of New Hampshire; Hon. Clif­ Nashua, N.H.; Des Moines, Iowa; Peoria, ker, Peoria, Ill.; Peter J. Bertoglio, ford P. Case, of New Jersey; Hon. John Ill.; South Norwalk, Conn.; New Bruns­ Pittsburg, Calif.; James G. Blaine, Clo­ A. Carroll, of Colorado; Hon. Dennis wick, N.J.; New London, Conn.; Oak­ vis, N. Mex.; Barnee Breeskin, Wash­ Chavez, of New Mexico; Hon. Paul H. land, Calif.; Sacramento, Calif.; Albu­ ington, D.C., Dr. Arthur Campa, Denver, Douglas, of lllinois; Hon. John D. querque, N. Mex.; Minneapolis, Minn.; Colo.; Anthony E. Candela, Ashtabula, Hoblitzell, Jr., of West Virginia; Hon. and many others. Reports are still com­ Ohio; Felix N. Cantore, New Brunswick, Hubert H. Humphrey, of Minnesota; ing in. These were the cities and towns N.J.; Angelo J. Catucci, Washington, 1959 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD - -HOUSE 9179 D.C.; Henry G. Catuccl, Washington, Walter Hai'llischfeger, president, preserving the rights of the individual States D.C.; Louis J. Colombo, Detroit, Mich.; Harnischfeger Corp. against ever-increasing Federal encroach­ ment--the problem of States rights on the Sister Constantius, C.S.J., Clayton, Mo.; Carl N. Jacobs, p;resident, Hardware one hand against Federal domination and Charles De Fazio, Jr., Hoboken, N.J.; Mutual Casualty Co. tyranny on the other. John R. Di Cello, Kenosha, Wis.; Dr. John K. Jenney, director, foreign rela­ The term "States rights" is· but the Amer­ James A. Di Renna, Kansas City, Mo.; tions department, E. I. du Pont de ican term for the principle of local self· Peter F. DiStefano, Buffalo, N.Y.; Fran­ Nemours & Co. government--a fundamental human right cis J. Donnelly, Kansas City, Kans.; Dr. Charles A. Meyer, vice president, for which, over the centuries, those who love William E. Dunn, Washington, D.C.; Sears, Roebuck & Co. liberty have fought, struggled, and died. In John Egizii, Springfield, Ill.; Joseph A. L. W. M. Miller, vice president, Singer the establishment of our American Govern­ ment we recognized this right of self-gov­ Errigo, Wilmington, Del.; Angelo Fabriz­ Sewing Machine Co. ernment. We incorporated it in our written io, Albuquerque, N. Mex.; Rudolph Faupl, Howard M. Packard, president, S. C. Constitution, and we gave it its American Washington, D.C.; Mrs. Molly Ferrara, Johnson & Son, Inc. name of States rights. Tampa, Fla.; Philip A. Guarino, Wash­ J.P. Spang, Jr., president, the Gillette The other principle relied upon by the ington, D.C.; Joseph V. Garrety, York, Co. founders was, of course, the principle of Pa.; Lawrence P. Girolami, Sacramento, Wm. S. Youngman, Jr., director, separation of powers-the creation of three Calif.; M.P. Goebel, Corpus Christi, Tex.; American International Underwriters coordinate branches of the Federal Govern­ Corp. ment, legislative, executive, and judicial, Richard M. Gunn, Tennessee; Rev. Fred­ each of which would be independent of the eri_ck G. Hochwalt, Washington, D.C.; other. Thomas F. Hogan, Norwalk, Conn.; Rev. Those who founded our Government, being Alfred F. Horrigan, Louisville, Ky.; Address by Hon. James C. Davis of Geor· 'realists, knew that the power of government Dr. J. Dan Hull, Washington, D.C. gia, before the Alexandria, Va., Rotary would, on many occasions at least, fall into Sister Mary Janet, East Lansing, the hands of selfish men of boundless ambi­ Mich.; Paul E. Johnson, Indianapolis, Club tion. They knew that the idea of benevo­ Ind.; Richard E. Kellogg, Washir.gton, lent government, without checks is a delu­ sion. They knew the utter fallacy of setting D.C.; Newell Knight, Salt Lake City, EXTENSION OF REMARKS up a government without limitations in the Utah; Milton S. Kronheiil}, Washington, OF reliance that good men would control it. D.C.; Col. Waldron E. Leonard, Wash­ In this respect Thomas Jefferson said: ington, D.C.; Frank Longano, Cincin­ HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL "In the questions of power then, let no nati, Ohio; Don P. Luther, Detroit, OF VIRGINIA more be heard of confidence in man, but bind him down from mischief by the chains Mich.; V. P. Mickey McGinn, Phoenix, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ariz.; Rev. Frederick A. McGuire, Wash­ of the Constitution." Tuesday, May 26, 1959 I think that Thomas Jefferson believed ington, D.C.; Justin J. McCarthy, Wash­ that the structure of our liberty rests upon ington, D.C.; Charles G. Merlini, Utica, Mr. BROYHILL. Mr. Speaker, My the twin pillars of States rights and sep­ N.Y.; Ted Moreno, Eugene, Oreg.; Hon. good friend and colleague, the Honorable aration of powers. So long as these· pillars Judge George D. Neilson, Washington, JAMES C. DAVIS of Georgia, was guest stand unimpaired, our liberties stand also. D.C.; John T. O'Brien, Washington, speaker for the Alexandria, Va., Rotary But if either of them be struck down, or D.C.; Richard C. O'Connell, Baltimore, Club at a luncheon meeting today in my slowly chipped away, then surely and in­ Md.; Dr. Alejandro Orfila, Pan American congressional district. evitably our temple of liberty will come crashing down. Union; Andrew A. Ovellette, Nashua, I was indeed fortunate in being able to With almost prophetic vision that great N.H.; Oliver· A. Ossanna, Minneapolis, obtain a copy of his speech, and as I am Virginian Thomas Jefferson warned that the Minn.; Miss Inez Petersen, Sioux City, firmly convinced this message is of in­ germ of dissolution of our Federal system Iowa; Dr. Thomas G. Pollock, New York terest not only to the membership of this lay in the Federal Judiciary. On that sub­ City~ N.Y.; John S. Prico, Oakland, august body, but also to the entire citi­ ject he said: Calif.; Hon. Peter W. Rodino, Jr., New­ zenry of these United States, I am "Working like gravity by night and by ark, N.J.; Frank A. Romano, Fitchburg, pleased and honored .to be able to present day, gaining a little today and a little to­ Mass.; Mrs. Mary E. Romano, New Lon­ it in its entirety to you: morrow, and advancing its noiseless step like a thief, over the field of jurisdiction, don, Conn.; Saul N. Sanfilippo, San Jose, SPEECH DELIVERED TO ALEXANDRIA ROTARY until all shall be usurped from the States, Calif.; Tom Sarcone, Des Moir..es, Iowa; CLUB LUNCHEON MEETING, MAY 26, 1959 and the government of all be consolidated D. V. Signa, Greenville, Miss.; Paul E. I appreciate very much the kind remarks into one." Smith, Washington, D.C.; Louis S. of Mr. Marshall Beverley in his in traduction. Although the Supreme Court had mani· Solari, San Jose, Calif.; James Sottile, He is a staunch believer in the principle of fested. the inclination throughout the years Jr., Miami, Fla.; Stanley S. Villavasso, States rights, and I have admired him for to expand its jurisdiction and influence, Baton Rouge, La.; Hon. Mary A. Varallo, the fact that he recognizes the need for the basic principle of States rights re­ Philadelphia, Pa.; Nello Ventura, Ke­ continued maintenance of our segregated mained fundamentally intact, remained a · school system. I appreciate the fact that he sturdy support of the Constitutional liber­ nosha, Wis.; John W. White, Washing­ stands squarely in the open in favor of these ties of the people throughout the years ton, D.C. principles. until about a quarter of a century ago. NATIONAL SPONSORS I regard it as a privilege to be invited to Until the 1930's our governmental system As I pointed out earlier, the National address your splendid club. It has been my · was still fundamentally based on States Citizens Committee is a voluntary citi­ pleasure at home in Georgia to speak to the rights, both in principle and in practice. zens organization with no paid staff. Rotary clubs in my congressional district This was so, not to the extent that many from time to time. The membership of the had desired, to be sure; not to the extent There are, however, expenses for secre­ Rotary clubs at home consists of some of that the framers of the Constitution had tarial services, duplication of materials our finest and most outstanding citizens. recommended; but still to the extent that and mailings. These expenses under­ From my knowledge of Rotarians there, I the vast majority of those vital economic, written through 1958 by the following know your club here in Alexandria is made political, and social activities most closely national sponsors: up of high type and outstanding business affecting the lives of the people remained Sam G. Baggett, vice president, United and civic leaders. the subjects of State control and regulation, Fruit Co. I know you are seriously concerned with and were outside the province of the Fed­ the grave issues which all of us face today, eral Government. Edgar R. Baker, manager, Time-Life issues which require the best thought and In the last quarter century, however, we International. effort not only of our officials, Federal, State, have seen assaults on States rights at many H. W. Balgooyen, vice president, and local, but of each individual citizen. points. We have seen the National Gov­ American & Foreign Power Co. For in the final analysis no single one of us ernment in Washington expanded to its Charles R. Cox, president, Kennecott can shunt his responsibility for good gov­ , present swollen size, to the accompaniment Copper Corp. ernment off onto the shoulders of his of a steady elimination of the reserved John A. Diemand, president, Insur­ neighbor. Under our form of government, powers of the States. ance Co. of North America. each citizen must bear an equal responsibil­ All three branches of the Federal Gov­ ity for good government. Just to the extent ernment have participated in this move­ Fred M. Farwell, executive vice presi­ that I or you neglect that duty, just to that ment. The people of the United States, dent, American Telephone & Telegraph extent we may expect a failure in govern­ rendered fearful and timid by economic de­ Co. ment. pression, acquiesced in it. W. Latimer Gray, senior vice presi­ One of the greatest domestic issues facing The Supreme Court resisted the trend dent, First National Bank of Boston. the American people today is the problem of until the 1930's; but in that era the 9180 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE May 26 Supreme Court's role became, and has been Eastern High· School, and that virtually all The plan of integration ·was- so set _up since, one of aggrandizing the Federal Gov· social activities were abandoned in that that it was so difficult as to be practically ernment at the expense of the State. school after integration. impossible for a white child to transfer out Since that time the Federal Supreme Here are just a few instances of typical of an integrated school. Court has handed down a long string of de· testimony of principals and teachers: The . only relief for a parent who could cisions which have tied the hands of State The principal of Theodore Roosevelt High not afford to send his child to a private courts, State legislatures, and other State School testified to disorder in the classrooms, school was to move out of the city of Wash­ and local governmental agencies, rendering including fights, foul and obscene language, ington. This they proceeded to do in droves. them powerless in many respects to oppose carrying knives, pregnancies, passing obscene This is most disturbing to all who are in­ Communist infiltration and communistic notes, continual efforts on the part of col­ terested in the future of the Nation's Capi­ activities. Among these decisions have ored boys to approach white girls, even up to tal. On March 2 this year, the District of been the Slochower case from New York, the week of the testimony; 10th grade stu­ Columbia Board of Commissioners made the the Steve Nelson case from Pennsylvania, dents reading at 4th-, 5th-, and 6th-grade announcement that Negroes in Washington the Schware case from New Mexico, the Cole levels, etc. now constitute · 53 percent of the total vs. Young from New York, the Watkins ca~e The principal of Davis Elementary School population. The school census taken in from Dlinois, the Passport cases, and many told the committee that the head of the October 1958 showed that in Washington others. That Court also handicapped the NAACP Educational Committee in Washing­ schools the colored pupils were 74.1 percent courts and law enforcement officers in the ton had called her up and demanded that of the total and whites only 25.9 percent. Mallory case decision. a Negro child who had been transferred to In the last 5 years Washington has lost One of the many Supreme Court decisions kindergarten from first grade be put back 123,000 white people, leaving the white affecting local government and States rights in the first grade. She said this Negro told population 387,000. In the same 5 years the was the school segregation decision in 1954. her, "I will give you 3 days, and then you will Negro population increased 98,000 to a total In the school cases the Supreme Court hear from me again." She told the com­ of 438,000. struck one of its hardest blows against the mittee about pupils in the fifth grade read­ The notoriously radical newspaper, the States and against the Constitution. . ing on first-grade level. Washington Post, has been one of the most The people of Virginia are facing some vital The principal at McFarland Junior High ardent advocates beating the drums for decisions regarding the operation of your School, a formerly all-white school, told the race mixing throughout the years. schools. The future of Virginia, and indeed committee that school probably would get Even this notoriously radical newspaper, the future of the South and of our country, back to a segregated status. His prediction blinded by its bias, was prodded into a will to a considerable extent be affected by is rapidly coming to pass. He told the com­ mournful editorial on March 4 this year the decisions you make and the action which mittee that disciplinary problems had a frus­ entitled, "New Form of Segregation," and the people of Virginia take this year and next trating effect upon the teachers; that this reluctantly agreed that the situation is bad, year regarding the operation of your .school had its effect upon the teaching of the stu­ and that it is· going to get worse. system. Now I want to talk to you some dents. He detailed these problems as being The record shows -that 62 percent of the today about the important question of segre­ such things as stealing, boys feeling girls, teachers in the Washington schools now are gation in the schools. disobedience in the classroom, carrying colored with only 38 percent white. I was chairman of a subcommittee of Con­ knives, and that sort of things. He said it There are 4,287 teachers in the school sys­ gress which made a detailed investigation of was necessary to call the pollee about 50 tem, and of this number, 1,092 are on a the integrated Washington school system in times during the previous school year. temporary basis. The temporary teachers September and October 1956, 2 years after An elementary schoolteacher at the Emery are those who cannot qualify for a perma­ nent teacher's position. The school records the schools were integrated in 1954. I am in School testified that teaching in the schools position to know the facts about the Wash­ in Washington show that the great majority was very difficult after integration; that it of teachers now applying to the Washington ington schools. affected her health to the extent that she To the investigating committee in 1956, Dr. school system for positions are of low ability. was a nervous wreck. In 1958, of 216 teachers who applied, 52 Carl Hansen, then assistant superintendent A teacher in McKinley High School testi­ of schools, and now the superintendent of passed the examination; in 1957, of 177 ap­ fied that the colored students required con­ plicants, 40 passed, etc. In the elementary Washington schools made this · statement: siderably more time than the white stu­ "I think that the integration program in schools more than 30 percent of the teachers dents and that as a result the white stu­ are temporary. In mathematics, more than this city has been a miracle of social adjust­ dents' suffered educationally because he ment." 35 percent are temporary. . could not get-to them to give them ind~­ On May 3, 2 weeks ago, Dr. Carl Hansen, That statement was in direct confii<;lt with vidual instruction. One teacher told of a the overwhelming evidence about the ch'aotic now Superintendent of the Washington white senior at McKinley High School at­ schools, made a television appearance in conditions in the Washington schools which tacked by a group of colored boys and are driving out the white parents and chil­ Atlanta to speak in behalf of the Washington beaten so severely that 13 stitches were re­ integrated school system. His expenses were dren, and which have already made Wash­ quired to be taken in his face; this was be­ ington a predominantly Negro city, a city in paid by the Georgia Council on Human Re­ cause he objected to an integrated prom at lations, who also, he said, tendered him an which the school population is 75 percent the school. The father of this boy brought extra $100 for making the appearance. colored and the overall population is 53 per­ him to the Capitol to exhibit his injuries In his Atlanta program Dr. Hansen was cent colored. While Dr. Hansen was making to members of the committee. I saw these asked the question, "What would you say that general statement, principals and teach­ injuries myself, and got the story from the has -been the reception of the people in ers wer~ giving specific testimony along boy and his father. That formerly all-white Washington to the new system?" these lines: school is now 92 percent colored and 8 per­ His answer to that was, "I think the vast The principal of Eastern High School in cent white. majority of the people in Washington feel Washington swore that he retired in 1955 A teacher at Roosevelt High School, for­ that this has been a good thing to do." ill as a result of health directly attributable merly all-white, testified to disciplinary As to that statement, the facts speak for to the conditions that developed in Eastern problems, concealed weapons, pregnancies, themselves. The mass exodus of white peo­ High School after the integration of the fighting, lying, stealing, one Negro boy and ple from Washington since 1954 refutes that District schools; that fighting, including stab­ a white girl writing love letters to each statement far better than anything I bings, went on continuously; that there were other, miserably low grades. She testified could say. many sex problems; that colored boys began she went to see a doctor at the end of the The facts are almost directly in opposition writing notes to the white girls, telling them school year who told her, "You are on the to the answers give~ by Dr. Hansen. At the their phone numbers and asking the girls for verge of .a complete mental and physical committee hearings, teacher after teacher their numbers; that he heard colored boys breakdown." told us, not in generalities, but of specific making obscene remarks about a white girl These instances I b.ave given you do not instances of friction and trouble. They came passing in the hall; that white girls com­ even begin to be all of the testimony about before us for 9 days giving detailed informa­ plained of being touched by colored boys in the deplorable and chaotic conditions in the tion. In this 30-minute speech I cannot even a suggestive manner when passing in the District of Columbia schools after inte­ make a good beginning toward giving you halls; that one white girl left school one gration. They are merely typical of testi­ the information we received in the school afternoon and was surrounded by a group of mony given to the committee day after investigation. However, I can send you the colored boys and girls; that one of the colored day. I have dwelt at some length on the printed hearings consisting of 512 printed boys put a knife at her back, marched her undisputed testimony about conditions in pages. I will be glad to do so on request, down an alley and backed her against a wall, the schools simply to point out that Dr. and you may read this testimony for your­ and that while the group debated as to Hansen's statement, "I think that the inte­ self. whether they should make her take her gration program in this city has been a School conditions in Washington for white clothes off, she broke away and ran home. miracle of social adjustment," is as different children and white parents are pathetic to­ He testified that never in all of his experi­ from the actual facts presented as daylight day. In some respects they are worse than ence had he observed such filthy and revolt­ is from darkness, and to point up his at­ they were in 1954 and 1956. Activities like ing habits in the lavatories. He testified that titude that this forced system of integration this are going on: In February of this year there were a dozen or more colored girls who in Washington must be portrayed, at all a Negro teacher in an elementary school became pregnant during his last year at costs, as a miraculous success. staged a play in the school in which two of 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 9181 the characters were husband and wife. This in Washington is an illegitimate child. This NAACP-sponsored plot will succ~ed to trans­ Negro teacher cast a little white girl in the is the atmosphere and these are the con­ fer control of the public schools system from role of the wife,. and a Negro boy in the role ditions to which white boys and girlS are the Stafe to the Federal Government. I be­ of the husband. A few weeks ago a worried subjected in the Washington integrated lieve that the Virginians of today will make father told me that a Negro boy tried to schools. no decision which will stamp them as being kiss his daughter in the school; that she To bring the school situation up to date, unworthy descendants of their revered fore­ was able to fight him off, but he did succeed on Wednesday, May 11, one member of the bears, Washington, Jefferson, Lee, Madison, in kissing her girl companion. District of Columbia School Board proposed Marshall, Henry, Randolph, Monroe, Mason, One parent of a daughter in one of the an ultimatum to require the temporary and other patriots of the Old Dominion, so Washington schools brought me valentines teachers-who make up about one-fourth of proudly acclaimed .,y the Nation at large. from a Negro boy to his daughter, and val­ the teaching force-to qualify for certifica­ I believe that we of this generation will no entines. from another Negro boy to another tion or leave the system. He said he would more accept oppression or dictatorship than white girl in the same school. rather have double-sized classes taught by they did. In one of the schools a white girl married qualified teachers than to retain incom­ In carrying on the battle to preserve the a Negro boy who previously attended the petents. On the same d ay the proposal was principle of States rights we are not fight­ same school with her. also m ade to increase the compulsory school ing for any mere slogan. Local self-govern­ In Washington schools today there is being attendance age in the District from 16 years ment is the guarantee of individual liberty, carried on a revolting, systematic, progres­ to 21 years. The reason given for that ex­ which is the highest aim of all government. sive, disgusting campaign of race amalga­ traordinary proposal was that children who This principle which has come down to mation. The situation is not improved. dropped out of high school at the age of 16 us through the ages rings as loudly in our These conditions will develop anywhere tend to drift into delinquency, often do not ears as it ever did in theirs, that "resistance under the same circumstances. become self-supporting, and, more signifi­ to tyranny is obedience to God." The pregnancy situation in the junior and cantly, give birth to those who follow the Plato said many years ago that the penalty senior high schools is so acute that on the same pattern of life. The situation, instead good men pay for indifference to public af­ 6th day of May the District Congress of Par­ of being the "miracle of social adjustment" fairs is to be ruled by evil men. Edmund ents and Teachers adopted a resolution call­ claimed by the Superintendent of Schools, Burk~ said many generations later that all ing for a special education program to insure is bad and is growing worse. that is necessary for the triumph of evil is continued schooling for the many pregnant The school problem has reached the stage that good men do nothing. students of the Washington school system. where the people of Virginia must soon de­ The lessons of history are before us to In that connection, the District of Columbia termine whether they will perniit the miser­ read. Our fight is ahead of us, not behind public health reports show that more able conditions now prevailing in Washing­ us. If we do our part, with faith in Al­ than one out of every four Negroes born ton to spill over into Virginia, whether this mighty God, we will win it.

Resolved, That the Secretary communicate inquiring mind in this respect, but I am HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES these resolutions to the House of Repre­ simply answering the gentleman's ques­ sentatives and transmit a copy thereof to tion to say that it is the intention to WEDNESDAY, -MAY 27, 1959 the family of the deceased. Resolved, That, as a further mark of re­ program the legislative appropriation bill The House met at 11 o'clock a.m . . spect to the memory of the deceased, the for Monday and to program the Defense The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, Senate, at the conclusion of its business to­ Department appropriation bill for Tues­ D.D., o:t!ered the following prayer: day,· do adjourn. day and Wednesday. Of course; if the gentleman from Iowa wants to inquire n Corinthians 4: 8: We are troubled The message also announced that the Senate had passed a bill of the following when the bills will be available and the on every side, yet not distressed; we are reports and so forth, that is another perplexed, but not in despair. title, in which the concurrence of the House is requested: question. . 0 Thou eternal Spirit of the living Mr. GROSS. Can the defense bill be God, inspire us during this day with a S. 19. An act to provide a method for reg­ taken up Wednesday so that we might vivid assurance of Thy divine guidance ulating and fixing wage rates for employees of Portsmouth, N.H., Naval Shipyard. have some time? in our search and struggles to find the Mr. McCORMACK. It is the inten­ right solution to life's varied and diffi­ tion to bring the Defense Department cult problems. APPROPRIATION BILLS FOR 1960 appropriation bill up on Tuesday and Grant that through the discipline of Wednesday. hard experiences and trying circum­ FOR LEGISLATIVE BRANCH AND DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE - Mr. GROSS. That does not leave very stances we may learn the needed lessons much time, I will say to the gentleman. of patience and perseverance. Mr. CANNON. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. CANNON. You would have 6 days May we never yield to moods of de­ unanimous consent that the Committee on the· defense bill. featism and despair and allow our ener­ on Appropriations n:1ay have until mid­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to gies and resources to be weakened and night tomorrow night, that is May 28, the request of the gentleman from Mis­ dissipated by fears and anxieties. to file two reports-one on the appro­ souri [Mr. CANNON]? Give us the unfaltering confidence priation bill for the legislative branch There was no objection. that there is a moral and spiritual power for the fiscal year 1960 and the other on Mr. BOW reserved all points of order in the universe which is working for the Department of Defense appropria- on both bills. righteousness and justice, however seem­ tion for fiscal year 1960. . ingly frail and feeble our own human The SPEAKER. Is there objection to e:tiorts and achievements. . the request of the gentleman from Mis­ COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY Hear us through the merits and me­ souri? diation of our blessed Lord. Amen. Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, reserving Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I the right to object, may I ask when it ask unanimous consent that the Com­ The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ mittee on the Judiciary may be permit­ terday was read and approved. is proposed to bring these bills up? Mr. CANNON. I yield to the distin­ ted to sit today during general debate. guished majority leader to answer the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE gentleman's inquiry. the request of the gentleman from Mas- Mr. McCORMACK. It is my under­ sachusetts? · A message from the Senate by Mr. There was no objection. McGown, one of its clerks, announced standing that the legislative appropri­ that the Senate had passed the follow­ ation bill will be programed for Monday, ing resolution: and the Defense Department appropri­ ation bill for Tuesday and Wednesday. CALL OF THE HOUSE SENATE RESOL~ON 124 Mr. GROSS. I ask this because we Mr. HAYS. Mr. Speaker, I make the Resolved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow and deep ·regret the an­ need a little time to find out what is in point of order that a quorum is not nouncement of the death of Han. John these bills. present. Foster Dulles, a former Senator from the Mr. McCORMACK. I want the gen­ Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I State of New York, and a former Secretary tleman from Iowa to know that I have no move a call of the House. of State. controversy with him at all or with his A call of the House was ordered.