General Assembly •
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Democratic Transition in Portugal and Spain: a Comparative View Autor(Es)
Democratic transition in Portugal and Spain: a comparative view Autor(es): Medina, João Publicado por: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle.net/10316.2/41962 DOI: DOI:https://doi.org/10.14195/2183-8925_17_18 Accessed : 29-Sep-2021 08:02:23 A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. impactum.uc.pt digitalis.uc.pt JOÃO MEDINA5 Revista de Historia das Ideias Vol. 17 (1995) DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION IN PORTUGAL AND SPAIN: A COMPARATIVE VIEW "Comme la vie est lente Et comme Vespérance violente" (Hozo slow life is And how violent is Hope) Apollinaire In 1976, two years after the beginning of the Portuguese revolu tion, which brought to an end the longest autocracy in European con temporary history, an American historian by the name of Robert Harvey, who had previously written that Portugal, a country even smaller than Scotland, "is a peanut of a country", raised what seemed to him the essential question concerning the then-uncertain process of democratic rebirth in the southwestern corner of Europe. -
Arqueólogos Portugueses Lisboa, 2017
2017 – Estado da Questão Coordenação editorial: José Morais Arnaud, Andrea Martins Design gráfico: Flatland Design Produção: Greca – Artes Gráficas, Lda. Tiragem: 500 exemplares Depósito Legal: 433460/17 ISBN: 978-972-9451-71-3 Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses Lisboa, 2017 O conteúdo dos artigos é da inteira responsabilidade dos autores. Sendo assim a As sociação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses declina qualquer responsabilidade por eventuais equívocos ou questões de ordem ética e legal. Desenho de capa: Levantamento topográfico de Vila Nova de São Pedro (J. M. Arnaud e J. L. Gonçalves, 1990). O desenho foi retirado do artigo 48 (p. 591). Patrocinador oficial arqueólogos portugueses Jacinta Bugalhão1 RESUMO Em Portugal, nas últimas décadas, o grupo profissional dos arqueólogos tem vivido um extraordinário aumen- to de dimensão, bem como diversas alterações no que se refere à sua estrutura, constituição e balanço social. Estas mudanças relacionam-se de perto com a evolução sociológica portuguesa e com o caminho do país rumo ao desenvolvimento e à vanguarda civilizacional. Neste artigo será abordada a evolução do grupo de pessoas que em Portugal se dedicam à prática da actividade arqueológica, durante todo o século XX e até à actualidade. Quantos são, quem são, qual a sua formação aca- démica, distribuição etária e de género, origem geográfica e forma de exercício da actividade (do amadorismo à profissionalização) serão alguns dos aspectos abordados. Palavras-chave: Arqueólogos, Arqueologia profissional, História da Arqueologia. ABSTRACT In Portugal, in the last decades, the professional group of archaeologists has experienced an extraordinary in- crease in size, as well as several changes regarding its structure, constitution and social balance. -
Human Rights and Constitution Making Human Rights and Constitution Making
HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONSTITUTION MAKING HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONSTITUTION MAKING New York and Geneva, 2018 II HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONSTITUTION MAKING Requests to reproduce excerpts or to photocopy should be addressed to the Copyright Clearance Center at copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to: United Nations Publications, 300 East 42nd St, New York, NY 10017, United States of America. E-mail: [email protected]; website: un.org/publications United Nations publication issued by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) Photo credit: © Ververidis Vasilis / Shutterstock.com The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a figure indicates a reference to a United Nations document. HR/PUB/17/5 © 2018 United Nations All worldwide rights reserved Sales no.: E.17.XIV.4 ISBN: 978-92-1-154221-9 eISBN: 978-92-1-362251-3 CONTENTS III CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................. 1 I. CONSTITUTIONAL REFORMS AND HUMAN RIGHTS ......................... 2 A. Why a rights-based approach to constitutional reform? .................... 3 1. Framing the issue .......................................................................3 2. The constitutional State ................................................................6 3. Functions of the constitution in the contemporary world ...................7 4. The constitution and democratic governance ..................................8 5. -
List of Alternative Country Names
List of alternative country names From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Most countries of the world have alternative names. Some countries have also undergone name changes for political or other reasons. This article attempts to give all known alternative names and initialisms for all nations, countries and sovereign states, in English and any predominant or official languages of the country in question. Countries are listed alphabetically by their description, the most common name or term that is politically neutral and unambiguous. This may followed by a note as to the status of the description used. Contents [hide] • 1 A • 2 B • 3 C • 4 D • 5 E • 6 F • 7 G • 8 H • 9 I • 10 J • 11 K • 12 L • 13 M • 14 N • 15 P • 16 R • 17 S • 18 T • 19 U • 20 V • 21 Z • 22 See also • 23 References [edit] A Description Other name(s) or older name(s) Albania Republic of Albania (official, English), Shqipëria (common, Albanian) (common, Republika e Shqipërisë (official, Albanian) English) Algeria People's Democratic Republic of Algeria (official, English), al-Jazā’ir (common, (common, Arabic), al Jumhuriyya al Jazaa'iriyya ad-Dīmuqrāţiyya ash English) Sha'biyya (official, Arabic) Armenia (common, Hayastan (transliterated Armenian, original: Հայաստան) English) Australia Commonwealth of Australia (official, English), New Holland (former name, (common, English) English) Austria Republic of Austria (official, English), Republik Österreich (official, German), (common, Österreich (common, German) English) [edit] B Description Other -
In the Shadow of Independence: Portugal, Brazil, and Their Mutual Influence After the End of Empire (Late 1820S-Early 1840S)1
In the Shadow of Independence: Portugal, Brazil, and Their Mutual Influence after the End of Empire (late 1820s-early 1840s)1 Gabriel Paquette2 Historians have long recognized how the formal achievement of independence meant neither that the legacies of colonialism had been extirpated nor that the newly won sovereignty was unencumbered. Legacies of colonialism in Latin America after independence were numerous and included older forms of indigenous tribute and taxation, labor regimes such as slavery, legal codes, and the position of the post-colonial polity in the world economy, the latter of which also circumscribed sovereignty as scholars working in the Dependency Theory, Informal Empire, and World Systems traditions have demonstrated. Recently, historians have begun to recognize that many non-economic connections and relationships between Europe and Latin America survived the disintegration of the Ibero-Atlantic empires and that many new ones, both overtly coercive and less so, were formed (e.g., the circulation of political ideas; European immigration schemes) (Brown and Paquette 2013). Three phenomena—the “persistence of mutual influence,” the repair or re- thickening of frayed threads, and the spinning of new, unprecedented transatlantic webs— may be understood as combining to make plausible the notion of “Late Atlantic History” (Rothschild 2011); that is, an Atlantic History after the demise of formal empire. Traditionally, Atlantic History’s outer chronological limit was defined by the separation of the European metropolises from their American dominions, episodes normally considered 1 Earlier versions of this article were given as papers at the “Portuguese History in a Global Context“ Colloquium held at Brown University (October 2012) and at the American Historical Association Annual Meeting in New Orleans (January 2013). -
The Doors That April Opened
FOR OPTIMAL VIEWING OF THIS PDF, PLEASE DOWNLOAD THE "RECOMMENDED VERSION" THROUGH THE "SUPPORTING MATERIAL" TAB IN ESCHOLARSHIP. PERMALINK: http://escholarship.org/uc/item/4w38m7nf As Portas Que Abril Abriu The Doors That April Opened As Portas Que Abril Abriu The Doors That April Opened A poem by José Carlos Ary dos Santos with illustrations by António Pimentel Translated from the Portuguese by Deolinda Adão and Claude Henry Potts 2014 Portuguese Studies Program, Institute of European Studies Institute of Governmental Studies Press University of California, Berkeley As portas que Abril abriu was originally published in Portugal by Editorial Comunicação in 1975. Copyright © 1975, Ary dos Santos, António Pimentel, and Editorial Comunicação. Rua Braancamp, 9-4.º, Lisboa 1.ª edição, 1975 The Doors That April Opened Copyright © 2014 University of California. All rights reserved. First edition English language copyright © Deolinda Adão and Claude Henry Potts The original manuscript of Ary dos Santos’ poem is published with this bilingual edition courtesy of António Pimentel’s estate. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever (beyond copying permitted by sections 107 and 108 of the United States copyright law) without permission from the publisher except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. Library of Congress Cataloging-in publication data available upon request. ISBN 978-0-9819336-5-8 Printed in the United States of America CONTENTS Preface . vii Acknowledgments . ix Introduction . .1 The Poem . 4 Original Manuscript . 51 The Poet and the Artist . 91 About the Translators . 95 Bibliography . 97 vi vii PREFACE The idea for this book first came to mind in early 2010 while entrenched in preparations for a library exhibition commemorating the centennial of the Portuguese Republic. -
Narrating the Eurozone Crisis: Representations of Germany in Portuguese Media and on the Streets
UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE LETRAS NARRATING THE EUROZONE CRISIS: REPRESENTATIONS OF GERMANY IN PORTUGUESE MEDIA AND ON THE STREETS NORA GOERNE Tese orientada pela Prof.ª Doutora Teresa Cadete especialmente elaborada para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estudos Comparatistas. 2016 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS RESUMO ............................................................................................................................................ v ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................................... ix ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................................... xi PRELIMINARY REMARKS ................................................................................................................. xiii 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 15 2. Exploring Public Discourses: Representations of Europe and Germany during the Eurozone Crisis ................................................................................................................................................ 18 2.1. Media Discourses on Europe ........................................................................................... 18 2.2. Media Discourses on Germany ....................................................................................... 22 2.3. Assessing Portuguese Public -
Pmta-2007-00231
.' . • • • Internal Revenue Service memorandum CC:INTL:BR.l :MEHara CAU-N-I13576-98 date: October 14, 1998 to: John T. Lyons, Assistant Commissioner (International) CP:IN:OO from: W. Edward Williams, Senior Technical Reviewer, Branch I (International) CC:lNTL:Br.l subject: Requestfor Opinion - CIAT Membership ofPuerto Rico In your memorandum dated June 24, 1998, you asked for a formal opinion regarding the matter ofPuerto Rico's request for membership in the Inter-American Center of Tax Administrators (hereafter "CIAT", the organization's Spanish acronym). After reviewing the political status of Puerto Rico, CIAT organizational documents including its Articles of Incorporation,1 Statutes, and Regulations,2 it is our opinion that Puerto Rico does not qualify for CIAT regular membership,3 because the conduct of foreign affairs is assigned by the United States Constitution to the President ofthe United States and Congress, and the political subdivisions of the United States are forbidden from entering into alliances with foreign governments without the explicit authorization of Congress. CIAT (REGULAR) MEMBERSHIP REQUIREMENTS CIAT is an international organization whose purposes include encouraging "bilateral cooperation between members, mainly in an effort to promote voluntary compliance and counteract 1 CIAT was incorporated in Washington D.C., on July 10, 1967, upon the filing of Articles ofIncorporation with the Corporation Division, Office ofRecorder ofDeeds, under the District ofColumbia Non-Profit Corporation Act. The CIAT Articles ofIncorporation names five individuals as the organization's initial directors, including Sheldon S. Cohen, the Col11.ll$sioner ofthe IRS, and the directors ofthe tax authorities ofthe governments of Ecuador, Guatemala, Venezuela and Brazil. -
Resource Unit VI, Grade Providence Social Studies Curriculum Project
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 048 183 SP 007 070 TITLE Governmental Systems. Resource Unit VI, Grade Providence Social Studies Curriculum Project. INSTITUriCN Providence Puh?.ic Schools, R.I.;::.lode Island Coll., Providence. SPONS AGENCY Office of Education (FHFW), Wa:hington, L.C. Cooperative Research Program. REPORT NO CRP-6-1195 PUB DATE 68 NOTE 29p.; Part of a.:et of re ounce units and curriculum overviews for K-12 social studies EERS PRICE EDRS Price MF-D.65 LC -33. 29 DESCEIPTORS *Cur:.iculum Guides, Governmental Structure, *Grade 6, *Social. Studies, *Urban 'reaching IDENTIFIERS Africa, Latin America ABSTPACT GRADES Oh AGES: GJ:ade r. SUEJECT MA2T27,.: Social studies; government of Latin America and Africa. ChGANIZATION PHYSICAL APPEARNCF: The major portion of the guide, which develops the unit, is laid out in three columns, each one for topics, activities, and materials. Other sections are in list form. Tlie guiOe is mimeographed and staple-bound with a paper cover. OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES: General objectives for the unit are listed on the first page. Each group cf activities in the second column is related to a topic in the first column. 7.NSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: Each group of materials listed in the third colucn Is related to one or more activities. In addition, two appendixes contain curriculum materials. STUDENT ASSESSMENT: A one-page section entitled "Evaluation" lists ideas students shor.ld understand and skills the should possess ty the end of the unit. OPTIONS: The guide is prescriptive Ls to course content and timing. Activities and materials ?isted are ontional. (PI) M co -1 oo c) PROVIDENCE SOCIAL STUDIES CURRICULUM PI:ZOJE CT 1 11.101.1 =1111 US DEPARTMENT OF 4IF ALTO", EDUCATION T WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT PVLS SEEN REPRO GOVERNAENTAL SYSTE0 OUCH/ EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIG IPLATING ITR')INTS CO VIEW OR OPiN RESOURCE UNIT VI IONS Ei AI SO CO NOT NECESSARILY PEPRESENT OFFIC,AL (IPEICE OF ECU CATION POSTUON OR POLICY GRADE G r2IrIODE ISLAND COLLEGE PROVIDENCE PUBLIC SCHOOLS RJ,VI - Gr. -
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
RESTRICTED GENERAL AGREEMENT ON L/1411/Add.1 TARIFFS AND TRADE 9 June 1961 Limited Distribution WORKING PARTY ON ACCESSION OF PORTUGAL Information on Portugal's Commercial Policy and Regulations Addendum 1. There are attached hereto the replies which the Portuguese delegation gave to supplementary questions put to it at meetings of the Working Party on the Accession of Portugal last February. The questions bear the numbers of the original questions in L/1411 to which they are related. 2. As promised to the Working Party the Portuguese delegation has submitted a number of amendments to replies contained in L/1411. These amendments are listed in Annex B hereto. L/1411/Add.1 Page 2 ANNEX A I. TARIFFS Question 2 The old Portuguese Customs Tariff had two columns: "maximum" and "minimum"duties. Does this two-column system still apply? Reply Yes. The "minimum" rates are applied to imports from countries with which Portugal has bilateral agreements: the "maximum" tariff to all others. In fact, the "minimum" tariff is applied to practically all imports. Question 3 The Portuguese representative announced that two new decree-laws, embodying some modifications in the tariffs, would be forwarded to the secretariat. Question 4 What is the "National Salvation Tax"? Reply This is a tax which was imposed at a time of financial difficulty and is still collected. II. PREFERETIAL ARRANGEMENTS Question 19 The Working Party heard statements by the Portuguese representative and the Deputy Executive Secretary on the arrangements which Portugal proposed to make with regard to its overseas provinces upon its accession to GATT. -
Sanctuary Lost: the Air War for ―Portuguese‖ Guinea, 1963-1974
Sanctuary Lost: The Air War for ―Portuguese‖ Guinea, 1963-1974 Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Matthew Martin Hurley, MA Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2009 Dissertation Committee: Professor John F. Guilmartin, Jr., Advisor Professor Alan Beyerchen Professor Ousman Kobo Copyright by Matthew Martin Hurley 2009 i Abstract From 1963 to 1974, Portugal and the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde, or PAIGC) waged an increasingly intense war for the independence of ―Portuguese‖ Guinea, then a colony but today the Republic of Guinea-Bissau. For most of this conflict Portugal enjoyed virtually unchallenged air supremacy and increasingly based its strategy on this advantage. The Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa, abbreviated FAP) consequently played a central role in the war for Guinea, at times threatening the PAIGC with military defeat. Portugal‘s reliance on air power compelled the insurgents to search for an effective counter-measure, and by 1973 they succeeded with their acquisition and employment of the Strela-2 shoulder-fired surface-to-air missile, altering the course of the war and the future of Portugal itself in the process. To date, however, no detailed study of this seminal episode in air power history has been conducted. In an international climate plagued by insurgency, terrorism, and the proliferation of sophisticated weapons, the hard lessons learned by Portugal offer enduring insight to historians and current air power practitioners alike. -
The Governments of Indonesia and Portugal- Recalling General
A/53/951 S/1999/513 English Page 4 Annex I Agreement between the Republic of Indonesia and the Portuguese Republic on the question of East Timor The Governments of Indonesia and Portugal- Recalling General Assembly resolutions 1514 (XV), 1541 (XV), 2625(XXV) and the relevant resolutions and decisions adopted by the Security Council and the General Assembly on the question of East Timor; Bearing in mind the sustained efforts of the Governments of Indonesia and Portugal since July 1983, through the good offices of the Secretary-General, to find a just, comprehensive and internationally acceptable solution to the question of East Timor; Recalling the agreement of 5 August 1998 to undertake, under the auspices of the Secretary-General, negotiations on a special status based on a wide-ranging autonomy for East Timor without prejudice to the positions of principle of the respective Governments on thefinal status of East Timor; Having discussed a constitutional framework for an autonomy for East Timor on the basis of a draft presented by the United Nations, as amended by the Indonesian Government; /... A/53/951 S/1999/513 English Page 5 Noting the position of the Government of Indonesia that the proposed special autonomy should be implemented only as an end solution to the question of East Timor with full recognition of Indonesian sovereignty over East Timor; Noting the position of the Government of Portugal that an autonomy regime should be transitional, not requiring recognition of Indonesian sovereignty over East Timor or the removal of East