DOCSLIB.ORG

Note to Users

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Note to Users NOTE TO USERS This reproduction is the best copy available. ART, ASTROLOGY AND ASTRONOMY AT THE WlPERiAL COURT OF RUDOLF ïI (1576 - 1612) by ANDREA S. BUBENLK A thesis submitted to the Depanment of An History In confonnity with the requirernents for the degree of Master of Arts Queen's University Kingston, Ontario, Canada December, 2000 ctlp).right G Andrea S. Bubenik National iibrary Bibliothèque nationale du Canada Aquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington OttawaûN KtAW O#awaON KIA ON4 Caneda Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sel1 reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/nlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Abstract -nie wrkof artists at the Imperia1 court of Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II ( 1576- 16 12) cannot be isolated from underlying court belief in the "magical universe" of the late Renaissance. Past historiography has often focused on the personality of the Emperor himself, at the expense of situating works of art more specifically in the context of his ccllection and court. While the paintings Rudolf commissioned and collected may have functioned in part cis entertainment, they were also part of a collection that ivas an important expression of and consolidation of the ideology of rule. To this end, a number of artists at Rudolf s court invoked astroloçical tenets and traditional cosrnological concepts in their images, images which have not been explored in detail in existinç schoiarship. For an understanding of the iconogaphy imolved in these depictions, severai works of art by the Limbourg Brothers and Albrecht Dürer are discussed as examples of artistic production which have astroloçical and astronomical significance. These works arc discussed as precedents to the astral iconography in use at the court of Rudolf Il, primarily in the art of Georg Hoefhagel. A contestual discussion of astral science at the court, focusing on the work of Tycho de Brahe and Johannes Kepler, establishes the tenacity of the traditional cosmology at the court. The significance of cosmology in interpretations of works of art in the imperid Kzucr~krrrnrnc'r,especially the numerous love mythologies created by Bartholomaus Spranger, is then considered In conclusion, 1 offer some observations on the transition fiom the "magicalw univene to the "mechanistic" cosmology of the seventeenth century. Acknowledgments During the wrïtinç of this thrsis I was fortunate to benefit from the insiçhts of two supervisors, Cathleen Hoeniger and Voilier Manuth. Their interest, encouragement, and honest suggestions made the experience a rewarding one, and 1 look forward to future collaborations. 1 am rspecially grateful to my parents, Vit and Marcela Buknik, and my sister Monieiî, for thair unfailing and wntinued suppurt. My cdliragues at Queen's University have been integrai to my esperience as a Master's student, and i thank Ah, Annahi, Charies, David, Hiiiary, Jane and Victoria for their friendship. A special thank you to iirystina for chaiirnçing me in both conversation and sport. And finaliy Mark, whose dedication to his wvdand caasrlass optimism continue to inspire to me. Table of Contents .. Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 11 ... Acknowledgrnents .............................................................................................................. t r I rLIS^ ' uf Iiiustrations ............................................................................................................... v Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1 - Art, astroluby and astronomy: prublems and prcczdrnts ................................. 9 1 . I Basic principles of early astral science ..................................................... 12 i .2 Astral pnncipies in the fiès Rrches Heures of the Duke of Berry ........... 20 i .3 Astral pnncipies in the art of Albrecht Dürer ........................................... 26 - . i .4 Conciusion ................................................................................................ 31 1- Ciiüptrr 2 - Tiit: rnagicai universc in cuniexi .................................................................. 33 -P . 2.1 1 ne court of Kudolf ii: an overview .......................... 2.2 Activities of asrroiogers anci astronomers.................. L. l) L .3 Astrai irnagery in çuntzxt: Gsorg HoeTnayel and Pau .e .. .. 3 4 Conciusion ................................................................................................ 30 Chapter 3 .Mytholoçical paintings in conte'rt ................................................................. 55 CP* 5 . i 1 ne irnpriai htrnsrkumn~rr:an overview .................... .. .................... 64 3.2 A new appraisai of Banholomaus Spranger-s love m~hologies.............. 71 3.3 Imperia1 mçiamorphosis: Rudoif II as Vertumnus ................................ 79 3.4 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 81 ......................................................... Concl usion ......................................................... 83 Bibliography ...................................................................................................................... 85 Il 1ustrations .................................................................................................................. 97 Vita ............................................................................................................................... 137 List of Iilustrations Chapter I 7%~Sun uncl ~hc.Zocliuc (Sclrolrzrrn de chrodc.c.irn,-c)diuci srgnis et de vc~rs).Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, rns. Lat. 7028, foI. 154 r. Microcosm. Munich, Bayensche Staatsbibliothek, ms. Lat. 13003, fol. 7 v. Microcosm. Vienna, Nationalbibtiothek, ms. 5327, fol. 160 r. The Y/unef-s ufid the Hzïrnun Bo*. Copenhagen, Koneçelige Bibliothek, G. Kg1.S. fa, foi. s r. Limbourg Brothers, Munih uf Junuury (Les Tr2.s Riches Hriires du Duc de Berry). Musée Condee, Chantilly, rns.65, foi. IV. Limbourg Brothers, Month of (lcrober (Lés Très Riches Heures clu Duc de Rerty). Musée Condée, Chantilly, rns.65, fol. 1 Ov. Limbourg Brothers, Zuhc mnin Zodiuc ('ir& (Les Tr2s riche.^ Heures thDuc. tic Berry). Musée Condée, Chantilly, ms.65, fol. 13v. Albrecht Dürer, The &philit ic Mun, woodcut, 1496. AIbrecht Dürer, SI. Jeronte, oit on panel, Fitzwilliarn Museum, 1494. Albreçht Dürer , ('t~rnrr(verso of SI../eromr), Fitzwilliarn Museum, 1494. Al brsc ht Dürer, hfup ofrhc. ~VuntternSb! (Imugines wdi seprrnrrivnu/ev), iwadcut, 1515. Albrec ht Dürer, Mup of rhr Sowhern Sky (Imugine.~coeli bfctidonalis), woodcut, 1515. List of Illustrations Chapter 2 Aegidius Sadeler, Porrruir of'Ruhlffl, engavinç afier Hans von Aachen, 1604. Lost. Aegidius Sadeler, Hrr~henu,engraving after Hans von Aachen afier Hoefhagel, c. 1590. Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale. Jost Amman, Der Astronomus, woodcut, 1568. (Text by Hans Sachs, from cvgcntliche Be-vchriebung A lkr Stünde a@ Erden, po pularl y known as Stundebtrch) Jacob de Gheyn, 1''chu de Brulie, engraving, 1586. Prague, Narodni Galerie, Collection of Prints and Drawings, inv. no. R. 102 19 1. Hans von Aachen, Portruit o/X)hunncs Kep/er, oi 1 on copper, c. 1 603. Rychnov nad KnEZnou, Zamecka Obrazarna. Georç Hoe fnagel, The Woroscope of Rl~io!fff, ( froni Szr'trrte ofrl/feguricul A~f~niurures),watercolor on paper. c. 1600. Vienna, Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, cod. min. 3 1, fol. 1r. Georg Hoefnaçel, A//egoq*on Rzrdu/finc Heuvens. ( from Srire ofdlegoriccll Miniuture.~),watercolor on paper, c. 1600. Vienna, Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, cod. min. 3 1, fol. 2 r. Georç Hoefnaçel, irhrer /rnprese, ( from Suire ufil //egorrcd h./inicrrzrres), watercolor on paper, c. 1600. Vienna, dsterreichische Nationalbibliothek, cod. min. 31, fol. 3 r. Georg Hoefnagel, Georp Bock.sqv. Sc/w~fÎmuvterbuc/t,body color on parchment, c. 159 1-93. Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum, inv. no. 975. List of Illustrations Chapter 3 Hans von Aachen, Portruif of Rudolfll (recto), oil on alabaster. c. 16034. N uremberg, Germanisches National museum, inv. No. GM 1 235. Hans von Aachen, ilikgury on the Turki.sh Wurs (verso), oii on al ab aster,^. 16034 Nuremberg, Germanisches Nationalrnuseum, inv. No. GM 1235. Hans von Aachen. AfZegory on the Turkish Wurs (recto), oil on marble. Rohrau, Graf Harrach'sche Kunstsammlung. Ham von Aachen, C'apricorn with Imperia/ Eu& (verso), oil on marble. Rohrau, Graf Harrach'sche Kunstsarnmlung. Aegidius Sadeler, Rudolfus u Triumphunt General, engraving afier Adriaen de Vries, c. 1 600. Vienna, Graphische Sammlung Albertina. Bartholomiius
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Zodiac Man in Medieval Medical Astrology
    Quidditas Volume 3 Article 3 1982 The Zodiac Man in Medieval Medical Astrology Charles Clark University of Colorado Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/rmmra Part of the Comparative Literature Commons, History Commons, Philosophy Commons, and the Renaissance Studies Commons Recommended Citation Clark, Charles (1982) "The Zodiac Man in Medieval Medical Astrology," Quidditas: Vol. 3 , Article 3. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/rmmra/vol3/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Quidditas by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. The Zodiac Man in Medieval Medical Astrology by Charles Clark University of Colorado A naked male figure was a familiar illustration in many medieval and Renaissance manuscripts. Standing with his legs and arms slightly spread, the twelve images or names of the zodiac were superimposed on his body, from his head (Aries) to his feet (Pisces). Used as a quick reference by physicians, barber-surgeons, and even laymen, the figure indicated the part of the body which was "ruled" by a specific sign of the zodiac. Once the correct sign was determined for the particular part of the body, the proper time for surgery, bloodletting, administration of medication, or even the cutting of hair and nails could be found. This depended, above all, upon the position of the moon in the heavens, since it was a medieval commonplace attributed to the astronomer Ptolemy (ca. 150 A.D.) that one touched neither with iron nor with medication the part of the body in whose zodical sign the moon was at that particular moment.
    [Show full text]
  • As Above, So Below. Astrology and the Inquisition in Seventeenth-Century New Spain
    Department of History and Civilization As Above, So Below. Astrology and the Inquisition in Seventeenth-Century New Spain Ana Avalos Thesis submitted for assessment with a view to obtaining the degree of Doctor of History and Civilization of the European University Institute Florence, February 2007 EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE Department of History and Civilization As Above, So Below. Astrology and the Inquisition in Seventeenth-Century New Spain Ana Avalos Thesis submitted for assessment with a view to obtaining the degree of Doctor of History and Civilization of the European University Institute Examining Board: Prof. Peter Becker, Johannes-Kepler-Universität Linz Institut für Neuere Geschichte und Zeitgeschichte (Supervisor) Prof. Víctor Navarro Brotons, Istituto de Historia de la Ciencia y Documentación “López Piñero” (External Supervisor) Prof. Antonella Romano, European University Institute Prof. Perla Chinchilla Pawling, Universidad Iberoamericana © 2007, Ana Avalos No part of this thesis may be copied, reproduced or transmitted without prior permission of the author A Bernardo y Lupita. ‘That which is above is like that which is below and that which is below is like that which is above, to achieve the wonders of the one thing…’ Hermes Trismegistus Contents Acknowledgements 4 Abbreviations 5 Introduction 6 1. The place of astrology in the history of the Scientific Revolution 7 2. The place of astrology in the history of the Inquisition 13 3. Astrology and the Inquisition in seventeenth-century New Spain 17 Chapter 1. Early Modern Astrology: a Question of Discipline? 24 1.1. The astrological tradition 27 1.2. Astrological practice 32 1.3. Astrology and medicine in the New World 41 1.4.
    [Show full text]
  • Michael Baigent from the Omens of Babylon
    Celestial correspondence: modern invention or Egyptian epiphany? by Judy Hall Downloaded from www.astrozero.co.uk This is version 1.0 of the document (created 5 July 2005); given both the antiquity and the sheer scope of its subject-matter, it is inevitable that there will be many suggestions for improvement which readers may want to make. The author invites all such comments, which can be forwarded to her via the above website. What is below is as that which is above, and what is above is as that which is below, in order to perform the miracle of one thing only. The Emerald Tablet of Hermes Trismegistus (Trans.Lubicz quoting Huberlain, l7961) That which is above is like to that which is below, and that which is below is like to that which is above, to accomplish the miracles of (the) one thing. The Emerald Tablet of Hermes Trismegistus [Trans. Robert Steele and Dorothy Singer, 19282] ‘For this is the maxim of old Hermes, Quod est superius, est sicut id quod est inferius’ Ashmole Theatrum Chemicum Britannicum [1652]3 Heaven above, heaven below; stars above, stars below; All that is above, thus also below; understand this and be blessed 4 Kircher, Prodrom Copt. If I live or pass on, I am Osiris. I enter in and reappear through you. I decay in you, I grow in you, I fall down in you…. The gods are living in me for I live and grow in the corn that sustains the Honoured Ones. … I have entered the Order, I rely upon the Order, I become Master of the Order, I emerge in the Order.
    [Show full text]
  • Choosing a Man Through Astrology PLR Report
    TarotReadingDaily.com Table of Contents Astrology and What it Means when Dating ............................................................ 1 Aries ....................................................................................................................... 2 Taurus .................................................................................................................... 3 Gemini ................................................................................................................... 4 Cancer .................................................................................................................... 5 Leo ......................................................................................................................... 6 Virgo ...................................................................................................................... 7 Libra Man ............................................................................................................... 8 Scorpio ................................................................................................................... 9 Sagittarius ............................................................................................................ 10 Aquarius............................................................................................................... 11 Pieces ................................................................................................................... 12 Conclusion ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Sub Signo Capricorni. the Image of Capricorn in Glyptics: Literary Sources, Gemstones, Impressions, Drawings
    Artl@s Bulletin Volume 10 Issue 1 Images in Circulation Article 2 Sub signo Capricorni. The Image of Capricorn in Glyptics: Literary Sources, Gemstones, Impressions, Drawings Alessandra Magni independent scholar, [email protected] Umberto Verdura Ecole Normal Supérieure, [email protected] Gabriella Tassinari independent scholar, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/artlas Part of the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Recommended Citation Magni, Alessandra; Umberto Verdura; and Gabriella Tassinari. "Sub signo Capricorni. The Image of Capricorn in Glyptics: Literary Sources, Gemstones, Impressions, Drawings." Artl@s Bulletin 10, no. 1 (2021): Article 2. This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. This is an Open Access journal. This means that it uses a funding model that does not charge readers or their institutions for access. Readers may freely read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles. This journal is covered under the CC BY-NC-ND license. Images in Circulation Sub signo Capricorni. The Image of Capricorn in Glyptics: Literary Sources, Gemstones, Impressions, Drawings independent scholar Alessandra Magni École normale supérieure Umberto Verdura independent scholar Gabriella Tassinari Abstract The relationship between glyptics and the circulation of images can be analysed from differ- ent perspectives, as seen in the case study of the image of Capricorn. The goat-fish monster entered the European collective imagination during Antiquity, when its image was spread on gems and coins.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    Alisha Meininghaus Born under a Lucky Star Interpretations of Woodcuts of Pseudo-astrological Birth Amulets from German-Jewish Printing Houses in the 18th Century Abstract This article examines illustrations of the zodiac signs on birth amulets from Ger- man-Jewish printing houses from the 18th century. These woodcuts are part of a long tradition of astrological references in Jewish art and literature. However, the amulet texts themselves do not contain any astrological topics. What, then, is the relationship of the woodcuts to the text and to the function of the amulets? By contextualizing the images with other contemporary traditions of illustration, this article provides three interpretation models which can explain the choice of the zodiac signs on the amulets. Keywords Woodcuts, Amulets, Zodiac Signs, Astrology, Judaism, Magic Biography Alisha Meininghaus is a doctoral candidate in the Department of the Study of Religions at the Philipps University of Marburg. Her dissertation focuses on German-Jewish birth amulets in the 18th and 19th centuries. She is a fellow of the Leo Baeck Programme of the Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes and the Leo Baeck Institute London and is an associate member of the collaborative project “Dynamiken religiöser Dinge im Museum” (REDIM). Astrology and Amulets Astrological ideas are certainly not the first association that comes to mind when thinking about traditional Judaism.1 However, when one looks at ob- jects that originate from the early modern tradition of the German Jews, nu- 1 My sincere thanks go to all the individuals and institutions mentioned in the captions for kindly providing the photographs. www.jrfm.eu 2021, 7/1, 45–65 Born under a Lucky Star | 45 DOI: 10.25364/05.7:2021.1.4 merous illustrations of zodiac signs catch the eye.
    [Show full text]
  • A History and Test of Planetary Weather Forecasting
    University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Open Access Dissertations 5-2010 A History and Test of Planetary Weather Forecasting Bruce Scofield University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Scofield, Bruce, A" History and Test of Planetary Weather Forecasting" (2010). Open Access Dissertations. 221. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/221 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A HISTORY AND TEST OF PLANETARY WEATHER FORECASTING A Dissertation Presented by BRUCE SCOFIELD Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2010 Geosciences © Copyright by Bruce Scofield 2010 All Rights Reserved A HISTORY AND TEST OF PLANETARY WEATHER FORECASTING A Dissertation Presented by BRUCE SCOFIELD Approved as to style and content by: ______________________________________ Lynn Margulis, Chair _______________________________________ Robert M. DeConto, Member _______________________________________ Frank Keimig, Member _______________________________________ Brian W. Ogilvie, Member _______________________________________ Theodore D. Sargent, Member _______________________________________ R. Mark Leckie, Department Head Department of Geosciences ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to first thank my advisor, Lynn Margulis, for her recognition that my unconventional thesis lies within the boundaries of the geosciences. She understands very well how ideas in science come in and out of fashion and things that were dismissed or ignored in the past may very well be keys to future insights.
    [Show full text]
  • The Virgin Mary from Books of Hours to Religious Emblem Books
    Howie, Candace Cameron (2013) Pretty pictures: from paint to print. Images depicting the Virgin Mary from books of hours to religious emblem books. MPhil(R) thesis. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4261/ Copyright and moral rights for this thesis are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Glasgow Theses Service http://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] Pretty Pictures: From Paint to Print. Images depicting the Virgin Mary from Books of Hours to Religious Emblem Books. Candace Cameron Howie Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Masters of Philosophy School of Modern Languages and Cultures Faculty of the Arts University of Glasgow September 2011 Tables of Contents List of Figures ........................................................................................................................ 3 Acknowledgement.................................................................................................................. 5 Chapter 1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Zodiac Calendars in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Their Reception IJS STUDIES in JUDAICA
    Zodiac Calendars in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Their Reception IJS STUDIES IN JUDAICA Conference Proceedings of the Institute of Jewish Studies, University College London Series Editors Markham J. Geller François-Guesnet Ada Rapoport-Albert VOLUME 14 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/ijs Zodiac Calendars in the Dead Sea Scrolls and Their Reception Ancient Astronomy and Astrology in Early Judaism By Helen R. Jacobus LEIDEN | BOSTON Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Jacobus, Helen R. Zodiac calendars in the Dead Sea scrolls and their reception : ancient astronomy and astrology in early Judaism / by Helen R. Jacobus. pages cm. — (IJS studies in Judaica, ISSN 1570-1581 ; volume 14) Conference proceedings of the Institute of Jewish Studies, University College London. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-28405-0 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-28406-7 (e-book) 1. Jewish calendar. 2. Jewish astronomy. 3. Dead Sea scrolls. I. Title. CE35.J315 2014 529’.326—dc23 2014033847 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual “Brill” typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.com/brill-typeface. issn 1570-1581 isbn 978-90-04-28405-0 (hardback) isbn 978-90-04-28406-7 (e-book) Copyright 2015 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill nv incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Nijhoff, Global Oriental and Hotei Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • An Astrological Overview: the Horoscope in Brief
    05_098400 ch01.qxp 2/23/07 11:39 PM Page 9 Chapter 1 An Astrological Overview: The Horoscope in Brief In This Chapter ᮣ Picturing the solar system ᮣ Rambling through the zodiac ᮣ Classifying the signs by polarity, modality, and element ᮣ Contemplating the Sun, the Moon, and the planets ᮣ Introducing the rulers of each sign ᮣ Discovering the Ascendant ᮣ Wandering through the houses egend has it that Sir Isaac Newton, widely considered the greatest genius Lof all time, may have explored astrology. Newton had a complex, curious mind. In addition to inventing calculus and discovering the universal law of gravity, he was interested in alchemy (the quest to turn ordinary metals into gold), the Bible, and astrology. When his friend Edmund Halley (after whom the comet is named) made a disparaging remark about it, Newton, a conserv- ative Capricorn, shot right back, “Sir, I have studied the subject. You have not.” Or so the story goes. Like every other astrologer, I like to think that story might be true. After all, astrologyCOPYRIGHTED has faded in and out of fashion, MATERIAL but it has never lacked followers. Catherine de Medici had Nostradamus as her astrologer, Queen Elizabeth I consulted John Dee, and other astrologers advised Napoleon, George Washington, J. P. Morgan, and Ronald Reagan. Yet in all that time, no one has provided a satisfying explanation as to why astrology works. Over the cen- turies, proponents of the ancient art have suggested that gravity must be the motor of astrology . or electromagnetism . or the metaphysical “law of correspondences.” Carl G.
    [Show full text]
  • RAR, Volume 31, 2016
    Rutgers Art Review The Journal of Graduate Research in Art History VOL. 31 Rutgers Art Review The Rutgers Art Review (RAR) is an annual journal produced by graduate students in the Department of Art History at Rutgers University. The journal is dedicated to presenting original research by graduate volume the editors convene an editorial board made students in Art History and related fields. For each up of students from the department and review all new submissions. The strongest papers are then sent to established contribute to existing scholarship. Articles appearing scholars in order to confirm that each one will in RAR are abstracted and indexed online in America: History and Life, ARTbibliographies Modern, the Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals, BHA (Bibliography of the History of Art), Historical Abstracts, and the Wilson Art Index. The journal is university, museum, and public libraries in North distributed by subscription to many of the finest America and Europe. to printed volumes before Vol. 30, visit: For more information about RAR or to suscribe RAR.Rutgers.edu Cover Image: Augustin Pajou (1730–1809) and Louis Garnier (1639–1728). Parnasse François. Conceived after 1708 by Évrard Titon du Tillet (1677– 1762). 1708–1721. Medallions by Simon Curé and completed with additional medallions and statuettes by Augustin Pajou. Bronze, 260 x 235 x 230 cm. RMN-Grand Palais / Art Resource, NY Staff &Thanks Editors Special Thanks The editors would like to thank our faculty adviser, Sarah Blake McHam, for providing the Erin Fitterer Kirsten Marples thoughtful counsel and guidance necessary to Jeff Fraiman produce Vol. 31 of the Rutgers Art Review.
    [Show full text]
  • The Middle Ages
    The Middle Ages www.bl.uk/the-middle-ages Teachers’ Notes Curriculum subject: History Key Stage: 2, 3 or 4 Theme: The Middle Ages Topic: Medieval medicine Rationale Medieval medical treatises provide a fascinating insight into the beliefs and practises concerning health, illness, surgery and disease in the Middle Ages. The British Library holds a wealth of medical texts from this period that can form the basis of an activity that explores medieval medicine. This lesson uses a range of primary sources and puts students in the shoes of medieval patients and practitioners. This activity can be differentiated for Key Stage 2 children who may be looking at a study of medicine through time as part of a chronological unit. It could also form part of a study of the medieval period in Key Stage 3, or part of a GCSE course on medicine through time. Content Historical sources: Source Use Zodiac chart Supernatural beliefs Zodiac Man Supernatural beliefs Examining Urine Scientific diagnostic practice Trepanning operation Surgery Fistula Operation Surgery Apothecary Shop Herbal remedies Caesarean section operation Surgery The British Library | www.bl.uk/the-middle-ages 1 Medicinal Plants Herbal remedies Physician and assistant mixing herbal Herbal remedies medicines Childbirth and midwifery Women in medicine Table for astrological computation of illness Supernatural beliefs Image showing doctor instructing on mixing Surgery medicine, operating on person with hands tied and use of cautery iron Doctor taking pulse Scientific diagnosis Vein Man Knowledge
    [Show full text]