LUXEMBOURG 735 474,000 None Required for Most Travellers to to for Most Travellers None Required GMT/UTC+ 1 GMT/UTC+ Population Time Visas Months
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
© Lonely Planet Publications 734 735 Luxembourg HIGHLIGHTS Luxembourg City Dine alfresco at Café am Musée ( p740 ) then stroll ‘Europe’s most beauti- ful balcony’, the Chemin de la Corniche (p738) Echternach Relive fairy tales while hiking the Müllerthal’s enchanting forests from Echternach ( p741 ) Best journey Prime yourself to cycle from Diekirch ( p742 ) to Echternach and back (54km) on riverside bike paths Off-the-beaten-track Perch like a princess and await your knight from the lofty heights of Château de Bourscheid ( p741 ) FAST FACTS Area 2586 sq km (slightly smaller than Rhode Island, USA) ATMs Widespread in the capital; limited elsewhere Budget €50 per day Capital Luxembourg City Country Code %352 Famous for Banking Head of State Grand Duke Henri Languages Lëtzebuergesch, French, German Population 474,000 Money Euro (€); A$1 = €0.60; CA$1 = 0.68; Time GMT/UTC+ 1 ¥100 = €0.66; NZ$1 = 0.51; UK£1 = €1.47; Visas None required for most travellers to US$1 = €0.78 visit for up to three months. Phrases Moien/bonjour (Lëtzebuergesch/ French) hello, äddi/au revoir (goodbye) TRAVEL HINTS Stock up on alcohol, tobacco, perfume and petrol in Luxembourg – they’re cheaper here than in neighbouring countries. ROAMING LUXEMBOURG Browse Luxembourg City’s ancient core then hop, skip or jump to Echternach, Vianden, Diekirch or Remich – none is more than an hour away. LUXEMBOURG The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (Luxemburg, Lëtzebuerg) is fairy tale stuff. Go back in time to a land of counts and dynasties, wars and victories, fortresses and promontories – only the fire-breathing dragon is missing. Let the imagination reign from the top of mist-shrouded castles, as you wander the pathways of enchanting forests, or while exploring old wine-making villages. If magic can happen anywhere in 21st-century Europe, it may well be here. Just 57km wide and 82km long, the Grand Duchy is Europe’s third-smallest country. Not that size is an issue. With one of Europe’s healthiest economies and a generally high standard 736 LUXEMBOURG •• History lonelyplanet.com lonelyplanet.com TRANSPORT •• Getting There & Away 737 0 20 km LUXEMBOURG 0 12 miles cupied for the whole of WWI and again in Luxair (LG; %24 56 42 42, arrival & departure informa- WWII; for insight into the 1944 Battle of the tion 24 56 50 50; www.luxair.lu) Ardennes, visit the Musée National d’Histoire SAS Scandinavian Airlines (SK; %+32 2-643 6900, Militaire in Diekirch ( p742 ). Belgium; www.flysas.com) Luxembourg rode out the depression in the Swiss International Air Lines (LX; %+41 61-582 36 iron and steel industries in the 1970s to be- 56, Switzerland; www.swiss.com) Troisvierges come a noted financial centre and tax haven. TAP Portugal (TP; %47 98 21 33; www.flytap.be) E25 Now home to key EU institutions, it entered VLM Airlines (VG; %49 33 95; www.flyvlm.com) this century with one of Europe’s healthiest Clervaux Our economies and continues to ride high. Budget airline, Ryanair (www.ryanair.com), flies E S to Frankfurt/Hahn in Germany from where N E421 there’s a bus connection to Luxembourg (€17, Bastogne N THE CULTURE Bitburg E Wiltz Luxembourgers are a confident lot. A motto 1¾ hours, 10 buses a day); see www.easyby Kautenbach occasionally seen carved in stone walls sums coach.com. D Vianden Esch-sur- up the people’s character: Mir wëlle bleiwe wat Sûre G E R M A N Y R Sûre Château de mir sin (We want to remain what we are). More Bourscheid Land Parc Naturel A than a third of Luxembourgers are immigrants, The main routes into Luxembourg are the de la Haute-Sûre E411 Diekirch Sûre predominantly Italians and Portuguese. E411 from Brussels, the A4 from Paris, the Ettelbrück ὈὈ Beaufort E25 from Metz in France and the E44 from Berdorf B E L G I U M Miillerthal Echternach ENVIRONMENT Trier in Germany. Larochette Luxembourg is divided between the forested International train services include: Brus- Mersch Trier Ardennes highlands to the north, and farming sels (€29 one way in 2nd class, 2¾ hours, E25 Alzette E29 Wasserbillig and industrial country to the south. Forests hourly), Amsterdam (€50, 5½ hours, hourly), N82 cover about a third of the country and are home Paris (€47, four hours, six daily) and Trier Konz Grevenmacher to wild boar, fox and deer. There are no national (€8.40, 40 minutes, hourly). For all interna- Arlon Eisch E44 parks. The main environmental concerns are air tional rail inquiries, contact the Luxembourg and water pollution in urban areas. City station office (%49 90 49 90; h24hr). E25 Wormeldange Saar Ehnen N82 Bertrange GETTING AROUND Moselle E44 LUXEMBOURG CITY TRANSPORT Bus & Train Remich Luxembourg does not have an extensive rail Kockelscheuer GETTING THERE & AWAY system – once you leave the main north–south A4 Mondorf Longwy Air train line, getting around by bus takes time. The E25 Luxembourg’s only international gateway is main bus stations in Luxembourg City are Place Esch-sur- Schengen Alzette Luxembourg airport (LUX; www.lux-airport.lu; %24 64 Hamilius in the Old Town and Gare Centrale. F R A N C E 1), 6km east of the capital. The national carrier, Buses and trains are operated by Société Luxair, flies to European destinations. Nationale des Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois (CFL; Airlines flying into Luxembourg include: %49 90 55 44; www.cfl.lu). The fare system is sim- of living, Luxembourgers are proud to live in a seriously diminutive land – and a beautiful Air France (AF; %27 30 20 06; www.airfrance.lu) ple: €2.25/1.50 for a ‘short’ trip of about 10km one to boot. British Airways (BA; %43 86 47; www.britishairways or less (this 1st-/2nd-class ticket is valid for But a word of warning: keep imagination and stories at bay until you’re firmly here. Drift .com) one hour) or €7.50/5 for a 1st-/2nd-class un- off to sleep en route and chances are you’ll miss this tiny country altogether (and then it really Czech Airlines (OK; %+32 2-217 17 92, Belgium; limited day ticket (known as a Billet Réseau). will take on fairy tale status). www.czechairlines.com) The latter is good for travelling anywhere in KLM City Hopper (KL; %+31 20-4 747 747, Nether- the country and is valid from the first time HISTORY Europe after Gibraltar, hence its nickname: lands; www.klm.com) you use it until 8am the next day. Once upon a time, more than 1000 years ago ‘Gibraltar of the north’. Lufthansa (LH; %47 98 50 50; www.lufthansa.com) Also check out the good-value Luxembourg (in 963 to be exact), a count called Sigefroi (or The Duchy’s current borders were set in Card ( p743 ). Siegfried, Count of Ardennes) built a castle 1839. Its delicate position between France and LUXEMBOURG high on a promontory, laying the foundations Germany led to the major European powers EMERGENCY NUMBERS Car & Motorcycle for both the present-day capital and a dynasty declaring the Duchy neutral in 1867. As a result, Ambulance %112 Road rules are easy to understand and stand- that spawned rulers throughout Europe. much of its historic fortifications were disman- ard international signs are in use. The blood- By the end of the Middle Ages the forti- tled, though the damp galleries known as the Police %113 alcohol limit for drivers is 0.08% and the speed fied city was much sought-after. Besieged, Bock Casemates ( p738 ) can still be visited. Roadside breakdown (Club Automobile limit on motorways is 120km. Fuel prices are LUXEMBOURG devastated and rebuilt more than 20 times in When Germany invaded in 1914, Luxem- de Luxembourg) %26 000 among the cheapest in Western Europe: un- 400 years, it became the strongest fortress in bourg’s neutrality was quashed. It was oc- leaded costs €1.20 per litre and diesel is €0.90. 738 LUXEMBOURG CITY •• Orientation lonelyplanet.com ὈὈὈlonelyplanet.com ὈὈὈὈLUXEMBOURG CITY 739 0 200 m GETTING INTO TOWN LUXEMBOURG CITY 0 0.1 miles LUXEMBOURG CITY ACB D From Luxembourg airport, bus 16 (€1.50, 20 Ave de la Porte-Neuve To US Embassy (400m); Kirchberg minutes, every 15 minutes) stops at Place Plateau (1km); Musée d'Art Moderne (1km); pop 82,000 Philharmonie Luxembourg (1km); Luxembourg City leads a mini nation with Hamilius close to Place d’Armes. Buses run Ettelbrück (30km); Echternach (35km) CLAUSEN Rue Vaub mighty wealth. This beautiful city radiates from 5.40am to 9.40pm. Train travellers 1 Montée de Mansfeld ὈὈὈCôte d'Eich ὈὈὈὈde Ὀ a composed air of old and new: the latter arriving at Gare Centrale can reach Place an Allée Pierre Bvd Rue Mohrfels evident by state-of-the-art museums and a d’Armes by jumping on any bus departing Pfaffenthal Blvd Royal J To Luxembourg gleaming new art gallery; the former by its from the platforms to the right as you exit U Airport (6km) 4 Rue des Bains 29 lv e Alz striking composition high on a promontory the station, or by walking 1.25km (head up Rue Beaumont ling ette To German Embassy Place du (200m); Irish Théâtre 14 overlooking the Pétrusse and Alzette Rivers. Ave de la Gare). 17 Rue du Embassy (600m) Blvd Victor T 25 No Explore deep river gorges and admire skylines rd Grand Rue Clausen Rue Aldringen horn de To Pygmalion pierced by towers and turrets in this 1000- ὈὈὈPlace ὈὈὈὈRue Montée Ὀ (200m) Hamilius 12 Blvd Royal du year-old capital. SIGHTS II Philippe Rue 16 8 Rue Rue Boucherie 2 Rue de la Poste 2 Marché- Start at Place d’Armes, Luxembourg’s central Place Rue Sigefroi Rue du Curé du R d Rost 31 7 d'Armes 18 13 28 pedestrianised square, from where it’s an 5 aux- s OLD Place Fo ei Her 19 W Rue de Trèves ORIENTATION easy walk to the Musée National d’Histoire et 21 TOWN Guillaume II ssé au bes Ave Monterey l'E rit11 Rue de la Tour Jacob Louvigny nene Luxembourg City’s pedestrianised Old Town d’Art (%47 93 30 1; www.mnha.lu; Marché-aux-Poissons; Rue City Hall Esp Large R de St INFORMATION To UK Embassy R Sost is based around two squares – Place d’Armes admission €5; h10am-5pm Tue-Sun).