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Breed Relationships and Definition in British Cattle
Heredity (2004) 93, 597–602 & 2004 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0018-067X/04 $30.00 www.nature.com/hdy Breed relationships and definition in British cattle: a genetic analysis P Wiener, D Burton and JL Williams Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK The genetic diversity of eight British cattle breeds was not associated with geographical distribution. Analyses also quantified in this study. In all, 30 microsatellites from the FAO defined the cohesiveness or definition of the various breeds, panel of markers were used to characterise the DNA with Highland, Guernsey and Jersey as the best defined and samples from nearly 400 individuals. A variety of methods most distinctive of the breeds. were applied to analyse the data in order to look at diversity Heredity (2004) 93, 597–602. doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800566 within and between breeds. The relationships between Publishedonline25August2004 breeds were not highly resolved and breed clusters were Keywords: British cattle; breeds; diversity; microsatellites Introduction 1997; MacHugh et al, 1994, 1998; Kantanen et al, 2000; Arranz et al, 2001; Bjrnstad and Red 2001; Beja-Pereira The concept of cattle breeds, rather than local types, is et al, 2003). said to have originated in Britain under the influence of The goal of this study was to use microsatellite Robert Bakewell in the 18th century (Porter, 1991). It was markers to characterise diversity levels within, and during that period that intensive culling and inbreeding relationships between, a number of British cattle breeds, became widespread in order to achieve specific breeding most of which have not been characterised previously. -
The 'Wild' Sheep of Britain
The 'Wild' Sheep of Britain </. C. Greig and A. B. Cooper Primitive breeds of sheep and goats, such as the Ronaldsay sheep of Orkney, could be in danger of disappearing with the present rapid decline in pastoral farming. The authors, both members of the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources in Edinburgh University, point out that, quite apart from their historical and cultural interest, these breeds have an important part to play in modern livestock breeding, which needs a constant infusion of new genes from unimproved breeds to get the benefits of hybrid vigour. Moreover these primitive breeds are able to use the poor land and live in the harsh environment which no modern hybrid sheep can stand. Recent work on primitive breeds of sheep and goats in Scotland has drawn attention not only to the necessity for conserving them, but also to the fact that there is no organisation taking a direct scientific in- terest in them. Primitive livestock strains are the jetsam of the Agricul- tural Revolution, and they tend to survive in Europe's peripheral regions. The sheep breeds are the best examples, such as the sheep of Ushant, off the Brittany coast, the Ronaldsay sheep of Orkney, the Shetland sheep, the Soay sheep of St Kilda, and the Manx Loaghtan breed. Presumably all have survived because of their isolation in these remote and usually infertile areas. A 'primitive breed' is a livestock breed which has remained relatively unchanged through the last 200 years of modern animal-breeding techniques. The word 'primitive' is perhaps unfortunate, since it implies qualities which are obsolete or undeveloped. -
Superior Germ Plasm in Dairy Herds
Superior Germ Plasm in Dairy Herds By R. R. Graves^ Principal Specialist in Dairy Cattle Breedings and M. H. Fohrman^ Senior Dairy Hushandman^^ Division of Dairy Cattle Breeding, Feedingj and Management^ Bureau of Dairy Industry WITH more than 26 million dairy cows spread over the entire United States, a survey of herds for superior germ plasm is a tremendous undertaking. How the survey which is the subject of this article was conducted among agricultural experiment stations and the owners of more than a thousand commercial herds is described in later pages. It is sufficient at this point to say that no similar project on so large a scale had previously been attempted in this country. Hitherto the genetic study of dairy cattle has been restricted for the most part to analysis of the hereditary make-up of the individual sire or dam. Some attempts have been made in studies in the Bureau of Dairy Industry, and more recently by the Holstein-Friesian Association, to show the inheritance for production being built in some herds through the use of a number of sires. To analyze all the sires used in herds during the entire period of record keeping, however, and to show the female lines of descent and their relationship to the various sires in a large number of herds, is pioneer work in the field of animal breeding. In the present state of genetic knowledge relating to livestock, many might call it premature to attempt a survey of progress in breeding superior germ plasm in dairy-cattle herds in which records of production have been kept over a period of years. -
CATAIR Appendix
CBP and Trade Automated Interface Requirements Appendix: PGA April 24, 2020 Pub # 0875-0419 Contents Table of Changes ............................................................................................................................................4 PG01 – Agency Program Codes .................................................................................................................... 18 PG01 – Government Agency Processing Codes ............................................................................................. 22 PG01 – Electronic Image Submitted Codes.................................................................................................... 26 PG01 – Globally Unique Product Identification Code Qualifiers .................................................................... 26 PG01 – Correction Indicators* ...................................................................................................................... 26 PG02 – Product Code Qualifiers.................................................................................................................... 28 PG04 – Units of Measure .............................................................................................................................. 30 PG05 – Scie nt if ic Spec ies Code .................................................................................................................... 31 PG05 – FWS Wildlife Description Codes ..................................................................................................... -
Sheep Newz #14 Autumn 2019
Sheep NewZ #14 Autumn 2019 Hello Members, ASSOCIATION NEWS & VIEWS Thanks to all who have supported this issue of “Sheep NewZ”. It would be good to have some more photos/articles From The President each time other than those on the feature breed. I wonder how much money is being spent on bureaucracy in Hope everyone has had a great time over the the wool research, development and promotion sectors? holiday season. The weather was great here There seem to be several companies with great mission in the south over the summer and everyone statements but is anything much actually happening out seemed to be having lots of fun. there? NZ Merino seems to be achieving the most in both Lambs and ewes are bringing record prices this season advertising their product and developing new uses. which is very pleasing. However the same old fiddle plays Some of the Companies and their mission statements are: - the same old tune to try and bring prices down such as the Wool Research Organisation of New Zealand, “To uncertainty of the Brexit deal, Trump, and the Chinese promote, encourage and fund scientific or industry research economy which shows how we can be exposed so quickly. and information transfer that relates to the post harvest wool Hopefully common sense will prevail and our prices stay up industry” Several projects on going from 2013 – results?? at a reasonable level. Wool Industry Research Ltd – a subsidiary of the above “Focus on investment in research which increases the value It is really disappointing to see our farm training institutes and competiveness of commercial NZ wool based activity facing difficult times. -
Suffolk Newsletter the United Suffolk Sheep Association
Suffolk Newsletter The United Suffolk Sheep Association Summer 2017 Volume 7, Issue 2 ***USSA Office Contact Information*** Inside this issue: PO Box 121 ● Holland, IA 50642 USSA Board Information 2 Office: 641.684.5291 ● Fax: 734.335.7646 Director Spotlight 4 [email protected] UJSSA News 6 Greetings Suffolk Enthusiasts! Jr. Director Spotlight 8 It’s hard to believe that summer has come to an end. For many of you breeding NSIP Update season will be starting soon—I’m sure your curious what the 2018 lamb crop will 10 bring with your new ram or ewe purchase or maybe you raised a ram lamb that you National Jr. Show Results 11 couldn’t part with. Best of luck! State/Regional Assn News 19 It’s that time of year, the election mailing has been sent. Included you’ll find director USSA Fee Changes 20 election bios, please note that only district 1 will need to return ballots. You’ll also Breeding Season Manage- 26 find all of the director election candidate bios in this issue of the newsletter. Addi- ment for ewes and Rams tionally, there are several proposed by-law changes to vote on. If you’d like to re- Director Election Bios 24 view them prior to receiving your election mailing, they are posted on the USSA website. Lastly, you’ll find the annual meeting dinner invitation and the following Proposed Bylaw Changes 28 USSA Updates: Annual Meeting Invitation 32 USSA Amnesty Program is back! USSA and UJSSA members can register Suf- Calendar of Events 34 folks over 1 year of age for $8/head. -
30297-Nidderdale 2012 Schedule 5:Layout 1
P R O G R A M M E (Time-table will be strictly adhered to where possible) ORDER OF JUDGING: Approx. 08.00 a.m. Breeding Hunters (commencing with Ridden Hunter Class) 09.00 a.m. Sheep Dog Trials 09.00 a.m. Carcass Class 09.00 a.m. Dogs Approx. 09.00 a.m. Riding and Turnout Approx. 09.00 a.m. Coloured Horse/Pony In-hand 09.15 a.m. Young Farmers’ Cattle 09.30 a.m. Dry Stone Walling Ballot 09.30 a.m. Beef Cattle (Local) 09.45 a.m. Sheep Approx. 10.00 a.m. All Other Cattle Judging commences Approx. 10.00 a.m. Children’s Riding Classes Approx. 10.00 a.m. Heavy Weight Agricultural Horses 10.00 a.m. Goats 10.00 a.m. Produce, Home Produce and Crafts (Benching 09.45 a.m.) 10.00 a.m. Flowers, Vegetables and Farm Crops (Benching 09.45 a.m.) 10.00 a.m. Poultry, Pigeons and Rabbits 10.30 a.m. ‘Pateley Pantry’ Stands Approx. 10.45 a.m. Mountain & Moorland 11.00 a.m. Pigs Approx. 11.00 a.m. Ridden Coloured 11.00 a.m. Trade Stands 1.15 p.m. Junior Shepherd/Shepherdess Classes (judged at the sheep pens) Approx. 2.00 p.m. Childrens’ Pet Classes (judged in the cattle rings) 2.00 p.m. Sheep - Supreme Championship MAIN RING ATTRACTIONS: 08.00-12.00 Judging - Horse and Pony classes 12.00-12.35 Inch Perfect Trials Display Team 12.35-12.55 Terrier Racing 12.55-1.30 ATV Manoeuvrability Test 1.30-2.00 Young Farmers Mascot Football 2.00-2.20 Parade of Fox Hounds by West of Yore Hunt & Claro Beagles 2.20-3.00 Inch Perfect Trials Display Team 3.00-3.30 GRAND PARADE AND PRESENTATION OF TROPHIES (Excluding Sheep, Goats, Pigs, Produce and WI) Parade of Tractors celebrating 8 decades of Nidderdale Young Farmers Club 3.30- Show Jumping OTHER ATTRACTIONS: Meltham & Meltham Mills Band playing throughout the day 12.00-12.15 St Cuthbert’s Primary School Band 12.15-1.15 Lofthouse & Middlesmoor Silver Band Forestry Exhibition Heritage Marquee Small Traders/Craft Marquee Pateley Pantry Marquee with Cookery Demonstrations 11.00 a.m. -
Characterization of the Global Brown Swiss Cattle Population Structure
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Characterization of the global Brown Swiss cattle population structure Worede Zinabu Gebremariam Examensarbete / Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Master’s Thesis, 30 HEC Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Erasmus Mundus Programme 407 – European Master in Animal Uppsala 2013 Breeding and Genetics Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics Characterization of the global Brown Swiss cattle population structure Worede Zinabu Gebremariam Supervisors: Hossein Jorjani, SLU, Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics Examiner: Örjan Carlborg, SLU, Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics Credits: 30 HEC Course title: Degree project in Animal Science Course code: EX0556 Programme: Erasmus Mundus Programme - European Master in Animal Breeding and Genetics Level: Advanced, A2E Place of publication: Uppsala Year of publication: 2013 Name of series: Examensarbete / Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 407 On-line publication: http://epsilon.slu.se Key words: Inbreeding, population size, founder, ancestor, Brown Swiss Contents CONTENT LIST ................................................................................................... 0 ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………………………...2 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. -
Sheep & Goat Catalogue
CIRENCESTER MARKET Rare, Native & Traditional Breeds Show & Sale of Cattle, Sheep, Pigs, Goats & Poultry SHEEP & GOAT CATALOGUE SATURDAY 4TH AUGUST 2018 SHOW TIMES Cotswold Sheep Show – Friday 3rd August 2018 at 5.00 p.m. Oxford Sandy & Black Pigs Show - Friday 3rd August 2018 at 4.30 p.m. SALE TIMES Poultry Sale - 10.00 a.m. Cotswold Sheep - 11.00 a.m. General Sheep - Follows Cotswold Sheep Sale Cattle - Follows Sheep Sale at Approx 12.45 p.m. Pigs - Follows Cattle Sale at Approx 1.45 p.m. Flowering Trees, Shrubs & Plants at Approx 12 noon. LIVESTOCK SALE CENTRE BIO-SECURITY MEASURES Purchasers are requested to wear clean footwear and clothes when attending the sale. All livestock vehicles should be fully cleaned and disinfected before coming to the Market Site. METHOD OF SALE All Cattle, Sheep, Goats, Pigs, Horses & Poultry will be sold in £’s (pounds) and strictly in catalogue order, unless any alteration is authorised and announced by the Auctioneers. All Poultry will be subject to 10% Buyers Premium. CONDITIONS OF SALE The sale is held subject to the Auctioneer's General terms and Conditions of Sale and to the Auction Conditions of Sale recommended for use at Markets by the Livestock Auctioneers Association. These Conditions will be displayed in full at the Sale Premises. CATALOGUE ENTRIES Whilst every effort has been made to ensure that the descriptions are accurate no guarantee is given or implied. Buyers should note that lots may be withdrawn and other lots added prior to the sale day. Buyers are advised to contact the Auctioneers prior to the sale to confirm a particular lots inclusion since neither the Vendor nor the Auctioneers will be responsible for abortive expenses in respect of withdrawn lots. -
Sheep Breeding Technology
NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION Sheep breeding technology Training materials of project IMPROFARM - Improvement of Production and Management Processes in Agriculture Through Transfer of Innovations, Leonardo da Vinci Transfer of Innovations programme, number 2011-1-PL1-LEO05-19878 www.improfarm.pl This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. Content 1. Animal physiology ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Naming of particular groups of sheep ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11 1.1 General bio-breeding characteristics of the sheep .................................................................................................................................................. 11 2. Types of utility ............................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.1 Woolly sheep ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... -
Livestock in Hawaii by L
UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII RESEA.RCH PUBLICATION No.5 A Survey of Livestock in Hawaii BY L. A. HENKE AUGUST, 1929 PubUshed by the University of Hawaii Honolulu • Ali TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION ONE Page Horses in Hawaii __ __ __ __ __ _...... 5 First horses to Hawaii _ __ _._._._ _._ ._ -- - ----.-............ 5 Too many horses in 1854 _.. __ __ ._ __ _. 5 Thoroughbred horse presented to Emperor of Japan.-_ _...... 6 Arabian horses imported in 1884 _.. _ _._ __ .. ____- --... 6 Horse racing in Honolulu fifty years ago -- .. -..- -.- ---..- -... 6 Horse racing at Waimanalo _._._ __ _._ ___.. _ '-'-" ..".""'-.' 6 Some men who fostered horse raising in early· days................................ 6 Some early famous horses _ _._ ___ _..... 6 Horner ranch importations _ __ __ .__ ____.. _.. '.".'_'.. ".""'."." 7 Ranches raising light horses __ --............. 8 Some winners at recent I-Iawaii fairs .. ___ _._................................. 8 I-Ieavy horses and nlules __ ___ _._ _................................ 8 Cattle in Hawaii ___-- _. __ .. _._................... 8 First cattle in Hawaii _ __ .. _ __ ._. ___- -.......... 8 First cattle were longhorns _ _._ _ __ ____ _..... 9 Angus cattle _ _. __ __..__ -.. _._ _._ .. __ _. 9 Ayrshire cattle.. -- __ ________.._ __ _._._._._........... 11 Brown Swiss cattle ___ __ _.. _____.. _..... 11 Devo,n cattle __ __ ___.. __ _ __ 11 Dexter cattle __ ___ _...................... 12 Dutch Belted cattle _ __ ._._ . -
Would You Like to Receive a 2020 Catalog?
Would you like to receive a 2020 catalog? There will be a $5 shipping fee to cover the cost of postage on all mailed catalogs. Return this card along with a check for $5 made payable to Maryland Sheep & Wool Festival to PO Box 99, Glenwood, MD 21738, or order a catalog online at www.sheepandwool.org. There will be a $25 charge on any check returned for any reason. Please send me a 2020 Festival Catalog Please Print Clearly Name Address City State Zip Phone # or email Check if this is a change of address. I have enclosed a check for $5 per catalog to cover shipping. Number of catalogs ordered _____. I have enclosed a donation of $_____. Total enclosed $ __________. The Forty-Sixth Annual May 4 & 5, 2019 Howard County Fairgrounds Sponsored by The Maryland Sheep Breeders Association Cover art by Bart Walter Artist information on page 40 Cover design by Ashton Design The Maryland Sheep & Wool Festival is presented by the Maryland Sheep Breeders Association, Inc., a not for profit organization. The Festival’s purpose is to educate the public about sheep and wool. The Festival is organized and conducted by volunteers from the sheep breeding and fiber arts communities. Maryland Sheep & Wool Festival PO Box 99, Glenwood, MD 21738 410-531-3647 www.sheepandwool.org Festival Location: Howard County Fairgrounds 2210 Fairgrounds Road, West Friendship, MD 21794 2020 Festival Dates: May 2 & 3 CONTENTS Festival Map ........................................2 Sheep Breeds Display .....................118 2019 Sheep & Wool Festival Sheep Shearing Demonstrations