US 20140336308A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0336308A1 Mateu et al. (43) Pub. Date: Nov. 13, 2014

(54) LOW ENERGY, COLD PROCESS Publication Classification FORMULATION AD (51) Int. Cl. (71) Applicants: Juan R. Mateu, Oak Ridge, NJ (US); COSL 9/06 (2006.01) Adam Perle, Fairfield, NJ (US) (52) U.S. Cl. CPC ...... C08L91/06 (2013.01) (72) Inventors: Juan R. Mateu, Oak Ridge, NJ (US); USPC ...... 524/27: 524/547:524/548: 524/612: Adam Perle, Fairfield, NJ (US) 524/317 (73) Assignee: Jeen International Corporation, Fairfield, NJ (US) (57) ABSTRACT (21) Appl. No.: 14/276,404 Provided are cold process formulation aids (CPFAs), meth ods for their manufacture, and personal care products made (22) Filed: May 13, 2014 using them. CPFAS include (i) a polymer having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of pendant groups thereon that are Related U.S. Application Data pendant ionic or ionizable groups, or pendant groups having at least one permanent dipole that includes an acid, alcohol, (63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 13/630,863, thiol, ester, amine, amide, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety, and filed on Sep. 28, 2012, which is a continuation of (ii) a wax selected from natural waxes and synthetic waxes, application No. 13/082,317, filed on Apr. 7, 2011, now wherein if the wax is not micronized and is not self-emulsi Pat. No. 8,299,162. fying, the ratio, by weight, of the non-micronized wax to the (60) Provisional application No. 61/321,765, filed on Apr. polymer having an aliphatic backbone is from about 60:40 to 7, 2010, provisional application No. 61/347,664, filed 80:20, and if the wax is a micronized wax or a self-emulsify on May 24, 2010, provisional application No. 61/435, ing wax, the ratio, by weight, of wax to polymer backbone is 128, filed on Jan. 21, 2011. 70:30 to 98:2. US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

LOW ENERGY, COLD PROCESS occur when manufacturing emulsions (or hydrogels) using FORMULATION AD CPFAs of the present invention. 0006 Importantly, in conventional manufacturing pro CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED cesses, the emulsion is not stabilized until the emulsion is APPLICATIONS cooled down. This “cool down” stage is critical. However, the 0001. This application is a continuation-in-part of, and rate and duration of cool down can impact the sensorial prop claims the benefit of priority to, U.S. Non-Provisional appli erties of the final finished product, often causing batch-to cation Ser. No. 13/630,863, filed on Sep. 28, 2012. applica batch variation. CPFAs of the present invention solve this tion Ser. No. 13/630,863 claims the benefit of priority to U.S. problem, providing a streamlined process, with fewer addi Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 13/082,317, filed on tion steps, using only one vessel, with significantly lower Apr. 7, 2011, and now U.S. Pat. No. 8,299,162, claims the energy requirements to create reproducible emulsions (and priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. hydrogels). 61/321,765 filed on Apr. 7, 2010, U.S. Provisional Applica 0007 Polyacrylic acids, polyacrylates, polycacrylate tion Ser. No. 61/347,664 filed on May 24, 2010, and U.S. copolymers, polyacrylate crosspolymers, and their respective Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/435,128 filed on Jan. 21, salts (collectively referred to in the present application as 2011. The contents of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. “Polyacrylic Acid Derivatives” and abbreviated as “PADs) Nos. 13/630,863 and 13/082,317, as well as U.S. Provisional —components of the CPFAs of the present invention—are Application Ser. Nos. 61/321,765, 61/347,664, and 61/435, typically provided by Suppliers of chemical raw materials in 128 are each incorporated herein by reference in their powderform and serve a number of functions in personal care entirety. formulations (as well as in paints and other Surface coatings, adhesives, and textiles), including as aqueous rheology modi STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY fiers. However, when provided in powderform, PADs are not SPONSORED RESEARCH ORDEVELOPMENT easily or thoroughly dispersed, and often form aggregates. To overcome these limitations, PADS are commonly sold as dis 0002. Not applicable. persions in a solvent also containing an emulsifier. When provided in the form of a dispersion, the powder is “plasti FIELD OF THE INVENTION cized', and is thus more easily added to an emulsion to 0003. The present invention is directed to low-energy, low achieve the desired rheology. Typically, the solvent is petro carbon footprint, cold process formulation aids (CPFAs), leum derived (e.g., mineral oil or a hydrogenated alkene, such methods for their manufacture, and methods of using them in as polydecene, polybutylene, or squalene) and the emulsifier the manufacture of personal care products. When one or a is ethoxylated. There is, however, a growing demand to combination of CPFAs of the present invention is/are com reduce the use of petroleum derived ingredients, especially in bined with an aqueous medium and other ingredients, an personal care formulations. Accordingly, there is a need for emulsion (or hydrogel) can be formed, often attemperatures being able to disperse PADs without petroleum-derived sol not exceeding 30° C. vents and without forming aggregates. This need is met by the inventive compositions of the present invention. In personal BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION care formulations, esters are among the most common ingre 0004 CPFAs of the present invention allow the creation of dients—functioning as emollients and conditioners (e.g., Iso stable emulsions and hydrogels in a manner that is markedly propyl Myristate), as solvents (e.g., Ethyl Acetate), as fra more efficient than the conventional manufacturing processes grance components (e.g., Methyl Salicylate), and as in several respects. Conventional emulsion manufacturing preservatives (e.g., Propylparaben). Caprylic/Capric Glycer processes requires two heated mixing vessels. The aqueous ides (“CTG’) is also widely used for its emollient properties, phase is weighed, staged and introduced into a first vessel. increasing the water content of skin by blocking the evapo The oil phase is weighed, staged and introduced into a second rative loss of water. However, PADs are known to have lim vessel. Prior to being combined, the contents of the two ited or no solubility in cosmetically acceptable esters or CTG. separate vessels must each be heated to a temperature greater To the extent PADs could be mixed into such esters or CTG, than the melt point of the highest wax in the emulsion, typi the resultant Sticky paste was very high in Viscosity, too high cally by 5 degrees Centigrade. If, for example, the aqueous to be used in the manufacture of personal care products. phase is colder than the oil phase, waxes in the oil phase can Accordingly, there is a need to be able to render PADs are crystallize. Further, in conventional emulsion manufactur directly soluble in cosmetically-acceptable esters and CTG, ing particularly, complex multi-ingredient formulations— without a petroleum-derived solvent. That need is met by the ingredients must be carefully weighed, added in specific compositions and methods of the present invention whereby order, and mixed for specific mixing times. Addition of one PADs (and mixtures thereof) are combined specific minimum phase into another phase is often sensitive to the rate of amount of one or a mixture of emulsifying waxes, which, in addition. If two phases are combined too quickly, increased certain embodiments, are polyglyceryl esters, thereby render mixing time, and energy, is required to stabilize the emulsion. ing the PADs directly soluble in cosmetically-acceptable 0005. Using CPFAs of the present invention is simpler and esters and CTG. requires less energy. CPFAs of the present invention allow the two phases of the emulsion, aqueous and oil, to be combined SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION into a single vessel, not two (or more) vessel, and thereafter 0008. The present invention relates to cold process formu mixed and heated to the desired temperature. Only one vessel lation aids (CPFAs), methods for their manufacture, uses of needs to be heated (and cleaned). At low as well as high CPFAS in making cold process emulsions and hydrogels for temperatures, the mixture containing CPFA is emulsified and use in personal care, household and industrial applications. homogenous. Moreover, crystallization of waxes does not The cold processing aids include at least one wax and a US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

polymer having a backbone and a plurality of pendant groups wherein R is a straight or branched chain Saturated or unsat thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable groups, or pendant urated alkyl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, or phenyl; and an groups having at least one permanent dipole that includes an alcohol having the formula R—OH wherein R is a straight or acid, alcohol, thiol, ester, amine, amide, imide, imine, or branched chain saturated or unsaturated alkyl having 2-30 nitrile moiety. The backbone can be an aliphatic backbone or carbon atoms, or phenyl. Either one or both of the acid or a polysaccharide backbone, a siloxane backbone, or a polya alcohol may be a “fatty’ acid or alcohol, having from about 6 mide backbone. The present invention is also directed to to 22 carbon atoms. compositions and methods for rendering polyacrylic acids, 0014. As used herein, "cosmetically-acceptable diesters' polyacrylates, polycacrylate copolymers, polyacrylate cros refer to the reaction products of a dicarboxylic acid and an spolymers, and their respective salts directly soluble in cos aliphatic or aromatic alcohol. The dicarboxylic acid may metically-acceptable esters and CTG by combining, in spe contain from 2 to 30 carbonatoms, and may be in the straight cific ratios, the PAD with an emulsifying wax, which, in or branched chain, Saturated or unsaturated form. The dicar preferred embodiments is a polyglyceryl ester. boxylic acid may be substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups. The aliphatic or aromatic alcohol may also contain 2 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION to 30 carbon atoms, and may be in the straight or branched 0009. As used in herein, the term “emulsion is to be chain, Saturated, or unsaturated form. The aliphatic or aro understood as a homogenous mixture of at least two other matic alcohol may be substituted with one or more substi wise immiscible ingredients. Emulsions can be of the oil-in tutents such as hydroxyl. Preferably, one or more of the acid water type or the silicone-in-water type, or, in certain embodi or alcohol is a fatty acid or alcohol containing 14-22 carbon ments, so-called “invert emulsions, of the water-in-oil type, atoms. The dicarboxylic acid may also be an alpha hydroxy the silicone-in-water type. Additionally, so-called “triple” acid. emulsions—including, for example, water-in-oil-in-water, 00.15 "Cosmetically-acceptable triesters' as used in the can be made by combining the cold process aid of the present present application refers to the reaction products of a tricar invention with an aqueous medium as well as other ingredi boxylic acid and an aliphatic or aromatic alcohol The acid and entS. alcohol contain2 to 30 carbonatoms, and may be saturated or 0010. As used herein, “aqueous medium” refers to a sub unsatured, straight or branched chain, and, may be substituted stance that is preferably liquid at room temperature (22°-27° with one or more hydroxyl groups. Preferably, one or more of C.) but does not exclude the use of said liquid at a temperature the acid or alcohol is a fatty acid or alcohol containing 14 to lower than the melt point of the patentable compositions 22 carbon atoms. described in this invention and that includes at least 50%, 0016. In describing the weight of ingredients used inform preferably at least 75%, still more preferably at least 90%, by ing the compositions of the present invention, the word weight, water. The remainder of the aqueous medium can be “about is to be understood to refer to that variation in the compounds that are freely miscible with water, for example measured quantity as would be expected by one skilled in the alcohols such as ethanol and the propanols, and polyalkylene art exercising a level of care commensurate with the objective glycols, to mention just a few. of the measurement and the equipment used, and includes 0011. The adjective “cold” in the term “cold process” – uncertainties that may be introduced by mathematical round used in the present application to describe “cold process ing errors. Unless otherwise expressly noted or required by formulationaid' as well as a method for creating emulsions or the context, all percentages refer to percentages by weight hydrogels using such a formulation aid—means a tempera (wt-%) and the percentage of an ingredient is the percentage ture below the melting point of the at least one wax that is an by weight of the ingredient by weight of the composition/ integral component of the cold process formulation aid. blend in which the ingredient is a component. For example, in Accordingly, when a formulator adds a cold process formu a blend or mixture described as containing ingredient X at a lation aid of the present invention to an aqueous medium, an concentration of 2%, ingredient X would constitute 2% emulsion or hydrogel is formed without having to heat the weight of the blend. In a first aspect of the present invention, aqueous medium above the melting point of the at least one one or more CPFAS are added to an aqueous medium at wax. This “one wax will be the wax in the CFPA that has the temperatures greater than the melt point of the CPFA, or in the highest melt point. case of more than one CPFA the highest melt point of the 0012. As used herein, "cosmetically-acceptable ester CPFAS. refers to a compound formed by the reaction of a mono-, di 0017. In embodiments of this first aspect of the invention, or tri-carboxylic acid with an aliphatic or aromatic alcohol the cold process formulation aid of the present invention, in resulting in, respectively, monoesters, diesters and triesters, certain of its embodiments, includes a polymer having an each as defined below. The carboxylic acid may contain from aliphatic backbone and a plurality of pendant groups thereon 2 to 30 carbonatoms, and may be straight-chain or branched that are pendant ionic or ionizable groups, and/or that are chain, Saturated or unsaturated. The carboxylic acid may also pendant groups having at least one permanent dipole that be substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups. The ali includes an acid, alcohol, thiol, ester, amines, amide, imide, phatic or aromatic alcohol may contain 2 to 30 carbon atoms, imine, or nitrile moiety. may be straight-chain or branched-chain, Saturated or unsat 0018. By aliphatic backbone is meant that the main poly urated. The aliphatic or aromatic alcohol may contain one or merchain consists of a majority, preferably essentially exclu more Substituents including, for example, a hydroxyl group. sively, of carbon-carbon bonds. The ester is "cosmetically-acceptable' such that it is not 0019 Polymers having an aliphatic backbone are well irritating or sensitizing when applied to the skin known in the polymer arts and can be made by, for example, 0013 As used in the present invention, "cosmetically-ac free-radical initiated polymerization of compounds (mono ceptable monoesters' are esters formed by the reaction of a mers) having a carbon-carbon double bond, colloquially monocarboxylic acid having the formula R COOH, referred to as “vinyl-type monomers’. Poly(methyl meth US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 acrylate) and poly(acrylic acid) are examples of polymers 0025 Poly(acrylic acid), also referred to in the present having aliphatic backbones that can be obtained by the free application as poly(acrylic) acid, is the polymer of acrylic radical polymerization of respectively, methyl methacrylate acid (2-propenoic acid) and conforms generally to the for and acrylic acid. mula: 0020. The polymers having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable groups, and/or that are pendant groups having at CHCH least one permanent dipole that includes an acid, alcohol, COOH thiol, ester, amine, amide, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety useful in making the cold process formulation aid of the present invention can be homopolymers, obtained by poly 0026 Poly(acrylic acid) is soluble in tetrahydrofuran, merizing a single monomer, or they can be co- or ter-poly water, methanol, and ethanol, but precipitates from ether, mers, obtained by polymerizing a mixture of two or three acetone, and hexane, and is commercially available under the OOCS. following tradenames: AC-10H Nihon Junyaku Company, 0021. The polymers having an aliphatic backbone and a Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan); Creagel TN 500 C.I.T. sarl (Dreux, plurality of pendant groups can be, and in certain embodi France); Jurymer AC-10LHP Nihon Junyaku Company, ments are, crosslinked polymers. Crosslinking can be Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan): ModarezV 1300 PX—Synthron (Leval achieved by methods known in the art, for example by com lois, France); OriStar PALA-Orient Stars LLC (Torrance, bining a compound (“crosslinking agent”) having two or Calif.). more polymerizable carbon-carbon double bonds with the monomer(s) being polymerized. Allyl ether and C. ()-diallyl (0027. The term “Polyacrylate” as used in the present ethers and C.()-diacrylate or dimethacrylate esters of poly application refers to a synthetic resins produced by the poly (alkylene glycols) are examples of crosslinking agents that merization of acrylic esters. The term “acrylic ester' is well can be used to prepare crosslinked polymers having an ali known to the person having ordinary skill in the chemical arts. phatic backbone and a plurality of ionic, ionizable, or perma Acrylic acid molecules are esterified by reaction with alco nent dipole-containing pendant groups. Others crosslinking hols, most commonly ethanol or methanol. In the esterifica agents are known in the art. tion reaction, the hydrogenatom in the carboxyl group on the 0022. The pendant groups, occasionally referred to in the acrylic acid molecule is replaced by an organic group—a art as “side-chains, useful in the practice of certain embodi methyl group in reactions with methanol, and an ethyl group ments of the present invention are groups, or “radicals, that in reactions with ethanol. The most common polyacrylates are attached to a carbon atom in the main polymer chain by a are polyethyl acrylate and polymethyl acrylate, represented chemical bond, but are not part of the main polymer chain. by the formula CH2=CHCOR, where R is an organic group. The pendant groups attached to the main polymer chain can 0028. The following is a non-limiting list of polyacrylate be present in the monomer(s)at the time of polymerization, or salts and their derivatives, which can be used in forming the they can be formed by post-polymerization reaction, for inventive compositions of the present invention—namely example post-polymerization Salification or hydrolysis of a CPFAS as well as blends with glyceryl esters that can be salifiable or hydrolysable functional group that was present added directly to, and will be directly soluble in, a cosmeti as, or as part of a Substituent on the monomer(s) at the time of cally-acceptable ester or CTG. polymerization. The methoxycarbonyl C(O)—OCH group of poly(methyl methacrylate), obtained by polymeriza 0029 Sodium Polyacrylate is the sodium salt of Poly tion of methyl methacrylate, is an example of a pendant group acrylic Acid. It is commercially available under the following that was present as a Substituent on a monomer at the time of tradenames: Activsoft MS 100 Innospec Performance polymerization. Chemicals (Salisbury, N.C.); Acusol AD-7 Polymer The Dow Chemical Company (Midland, Mich.); Aronvis—Nihon 0023 The pendant groups of the polymers having an ali Junyaku Company, Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan); Cosmedia phatic backbone and a plurality of pendant groups that are SP BASF Personal Care and Nutrition Gmbh (Germany); useful in the practice of certain embodiments of the present Covacryl AC Sensient Cosmetic Technologies (France); invention can be ionic or ionizable, or they can be groups that Covacryl J22 Sensient Cosmetic Technologies (France); have at least one permanent dipole due to the presence in the Covacryl MV60 Sensient Cosmetic Technologies (France); pendant group of an acid, alcohol, thiol, ester, amine, amide, Covacryl RH Sensient Cosmetic Technologies (France); imide, imine, or nitrile moiety, or they can be a combination Flocare CGEL 100 SNF SAS (Andrezieux, France); Flo of any of the foregoing. care DP/PSD 100 SNF SAS (Andrezieux, France); Flocare 0024. Ionic pendant groups carry permanent ionic G300 SNF SAS (Andrezieux, France); Flocare G800– charges. The carboxylate group, —C(O)OM", where M is SNF SAS (Andrezieux, France); RapiThix A-100—Ashland a metal cation, especially a cation of an alkali metal, is an Inc. (Wilmington, Del.); Rheogic 250H Nihon Junyaku example of an ionic pendant group. Sodium polyacrylate (the Company, Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan); Rheosol AP Rheolabs Inc. Sodium salt of poly(acrylic acid)) is a preferred polymer (South Holland, Ill.); Rhesperse RM100 Innospec Perfor having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of pendant ionic mance Chemicals (Salisbury, N.C.); Sanfresh ST-500 groups for use in certain embodiments of the cold process MPSA Risera Co., Ltd. (Hakodate, Japan); formulation aid of the present invention. Other polycacrylate 0030 Ammonium Polyacrylate is the ammonium salt of copolymers, polyacrylate crosspolymers, and their respective Polyacrylic Acid and is commercially available under the salts may be used in forming CPFAs (as well as in other tradename Covacryl VIP from Sensient Cosmetic Technolo aspects of the present invention as further described below). gies (Saint Ouen L'Aumone, France). US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

0031 Potassium Polyacrylate is the potassium salt of -continued Polyacrylic Acid. O 0032 Potassium Aluminum Polyacrylate is a mixture of the potassium and aluminum salts of Polyacrylic Acid. C-O 0033 Sodium Polyacrylate Starch is a starch grafted with O the polymer sodium acrylate. This starch is commercially CHO available under the following tradenames: Makimousse O 12—Daito Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan); Makimo C-O usse 25—Daito Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan); San | fresh ST-100C Sanyo Chemical Industries Ltd. (Kyoto, O O Japan); Sanfresh ST-100MC Sanyo Chemical Industries Ltd. (Kyoto, Japan); Sanwet IM-300MC Sanyo Chemical CH=CHC-O Industries Ltd. (Kyoto, Japan) 0034. The term “Acrylates Copolymer as used in the 0040 Polyacrylate-5 is a copolymer of styrene, ethylhexyl present application refers to a copolymer of two or more monomers consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or one acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, and one or more monomers of their esters (e.g., polyethyl acrylate and polymethyl acry of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or one of their simple esters. late). According to INCI naming conventions, copolymers 0041 Polyacrylate-6 is a copolymer of methyl methacry consisting of two or more constituent monomers are named late, triethoxysilylpropyl-methacrylate, tris(trimethylsiloxy) by listing the monomers separated by a slash (/) followed by silylpropylmethacrylate and acryloyloxyethyl (trimethyl) the word “Copolymer, e.g., Acrylates/Acrylamide Copoly ammonium chloride monomers. This copolymer is mer. In the case of INCI names assigned to cross polymers commercially available under the tradename MK Polymer before March 2003, the earlier name is retained without from Shin-Etsu Chemical Co. (Tokyo, Japan). copolymer notation. An arbitrary number may follow the 0042 Polyacrylate-7 is a copolymer of 2-acryloylethyl name. For example, Polyacrylate-1. trimethylammonium chloride, acrylic acid, acrylamide, and 0035. The following is a non-limiting list of Acrylates 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane Sulfonic acid. This copoly Copolymers, which can be used to make CPFAs and which, mer is commercially available under the tradename OF-420 when combined with a glyceryl ester in accordance with the from WSPChemicals & Technology LLC (Leetsdale, Pa.). present invention, can be added directly to, and will be 0043 Polyacrylate-8 is a copolymer of hydroxypropy directly soluble in, a cosmetically-acceptable ester or CTG. lacrylate, butylaminoethyl methacrylate, and one or more 0036 Polyacrylate-1 is a copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone, monomers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or one of their dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, Stearyl acrylate and simple esters. This copolymer is commercially available PPG-3 diacrylate monomers. This copolymer is commer under the tradename Balance AM from AkzoNobel Global cially available under the tradename Cosquat GA467 from Personal Care (Bridgewater, N.J.). Osaka Organic Chemical Ind., LTD. (Osaka, Japan). 0044 Polyacrylate-9 is a copolymer of octylpropenamide, 0037 Polyacrylate-2 is a copolymer of styrene, acryla butylaminoethyl-methacrylate, hydroxypropylmethacrylate, and one or more momoners of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid mide, octyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate monomers. or one of thier simple esters. This copolymer is commercially 0038 Polyacrylate-3 is a copolymer of methacrylic acid, available under the tradename Amphomer 28-4920 from methyl methacrylate, methylstyrene isopropylisocyanate and AkzoNobel Global Personal Care (Bridgewater, N.J.). PEG-40 behenate monomers. This copolymer is commeri 0045 Polyacrylate-10 is a copolymer of sodium acry cially available under the tradename Viscophobe DB-1000 loyldimethyltaurate, sodium acrylate, acrylamide and vinyl from Dow Chemical Company (Midland, Mich.). pyrrolidone monomers. 0039 Polyacrylate-4 is a polymer of the acrylic monomers 0046 Polyacrylate-11 is a copolymer of sodium acry having the empirical formula (CHO.C.H.O. loyldimethyl taurate, sodium acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, CHO)X and is represented by the following structures: lauryl acrylate, butyl acrylate and acrylamide monomers. 0047 Polyacrylate-12 is a copolymer of C. acrylate, O styrene, Methacrylic Acid (q.v.) and acetoacetoxyethyl meth | acrylate monomers. This copolymer is commercially avail able under the tradename Acudyne NP-1 from Dow Chemical O Company (Midland, Mich.). | 0048 Polyacrylate-13 is the copolymer of acrylic acid, O-C acrylamide, sodium acrylate and sodium acryloyldimethyl taurate monomerS. 0049 Polyacrylate-14 is a copolymer of PEG-25 Colso alkyl ether methacrylate, PEG-20 PPG-5 allyl ether and one or more monomers consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or one of their simple esters. This copolymer is commer O-C cially available under the tradename Fixate PLUS Polymer from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. (Cleveland, Ohio). O O 0050 Polyacrylate-15 is a copolymer of n-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethylene, methacrylic acid and styrene monomers. This copolymer is commercially US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

available under the tradename Syntran PC 5208 from Inter methacrylate and Methyl Methacrylate (q.v.) monomers polymer Corporation (Canton, Mass.). modified with hydrogen peroxide. 0051 Polyacrylate-16 is a copolymer of n-butyl acrylate, 0059 Polyacrylate-25 is a copolymer of Dimethylamino diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, methacrylic ethyl Methacrylate (q.v.), Lauryl Methacrylate (q.v.), stearyl acid, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate and methacrylate, Methyl Methacrylate (q.v.) and Butyl Meth acrylate (q.v.), modified with hydrogen peroxide. styrene monomers. This copolymer is commercially avail 0060 Polyacrylate-26 is a copolymer of n-butyl acrylate, able under the tradename Syntran PC5112 from Interpolymer t-butylamino-ethylmethacrylate, methylmethacrylate, dim Corporation (Canton, Mass.). ethylaminoethyl methacrylate and hydroxyethyl methacry 0052 Polyacrylate-17 is a copolymer of n-butyl acrylate, late monomers. diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 0061 Polyacrylate-27 is a copolymer of vintyl toluene, methyl methacrylate and t-butylaminoethyl methacrylate. 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, vinyl 0053 Polyacrylate-18 is a copolymer of n-butyl acrylate, imidazole, and methoxy PEG-8 methacrylate monomers. ethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, hydroxypropyl methacrylate This copolymer is commercially available under the trade and styrene monomers. name Tinocare WRP from BASF Corporation (Florham Park, 0054 Polyacrylate-19 is a copolymer of n-butyl acrylate, N.J.). methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl 0062 Polyacrylate-28 is a copolymer of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methoxy PEG-8 acrylate. acrylate, sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate, sodium acrylate and tris(hydroxymethyl)-acrylamidomethane. This copoly 0055 Polyacrylate-20 (also known as Acrylates/Methoxy mer is commercially available under the tradename Sepinov PEG-10 Maleate/Styrene Copolymer) is a copolymer of sty F900 from Seppic (Paris, France). rene, methoxy PEG-10 maleate and one or more monomers 0063 Polyacrylate-29 is a copolymer of stearyl methacry consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or one of their late, methoxy PEG-9 methacrylate and methacrylic acid. simple esters. Polyacrylate-20 is commercially available as 0064 Polyacrylate-30 is a copolymer of acrylonitrile, Opulyn 305 Opacifier from The Dow Chemical Company methacrylic acid, octyl acrylate, and styrene. (Midland, Mich.). 0065 Polyacrylate-31 is a copolymer of C alkyl acry 0056 Polyacrylate-21 is a copolymer of 2-ethylhexyl late, Cs alkyl acrylate, methoxymethyl acrylamide and one acrylate, butyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl meth or more monomers consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate and styrene. acid or one of their simple esters neutralized with aminom 0057 Polyacrylate-22 is a complex polymer that is pre ethyl-propanol (AMP). This copolymer is commercially pared by first reacting isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI with a available under the tradename Plascize L-9959 from Goo copolymer made from Adipic Acid (q.v.) and Neopentyl Gly Chemical Company, Ltd. (Kyoto, Japan). col (q.v.). The isocyanate groups on the resulting polymer are 0066 Polyacrylate-32 is a copolymer of PEG/PPG-23/6 then reacted with hydroxyethyl methacrylate followed by Dimethicone (q.v.). Sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate, citra quenching with ethanol to eliminate residual urethane conic anhydride and one or more monomers of acrylic acid, groups. Finally, the polymer above is copolymerized with methacrylic acid or one of their simple esters. This copolymer acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and methyl methacrylate, then is commercially available under the tradename Fixate Design partially neutralized with aminomethyl propanol (AMP). Polymer from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. (Cleveland, This polymer is commercially available under the tradename Ohio). Luviset Shape from BASF Corporation (Florham Park, N.J.). 0067 Polyacrylate-33 is a copolymer that conforms gen 0058 Polyacrylate-24 is a copolymer of Dimethylamino erally to the formula (structure below) where R represents a ethyl Methacrylate (q.v.), Lauryl Methacrylate (q.v.), stearyl C6-22 alkyl group.

CH CHC CEO

CH

(OCH2CHCH3)3 (CH2)2

CH CH

() indicates text missing or illegible when filed US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

0068 Polyacrylate-33 is commercially available under the methacrylic acid or one of their simple esters, crosslinked tradename Rheomer 33 from Rhodia Novecare (Bristol, Pa.). with trimethylolpropane PEG-15 triacrylate. This copolymer 0069 Polyacrylate-34 is a copolymer of octoxy PEG-8 is commercially available under the tradename Fixate Super PPG-6 methacrylate, PPG-9 methacrylate, PPG-6 acrylate hold Polymer from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. and 2-methoxyethylacrylate monomers. (Cleveland, Ohio). 0070 Polyacrylate-35 is formed by reacting Dipen 0080 Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-3 is a copolymer of taerythrityl Pentaacrylate (q.v.) with the cyclic trimer of hex butyl acrylate, PEG-10 acrylate, PPG-6 acrylate and dim amethylene diisocyanate. ethylacrylamide, crosslinked by PEG-23 Diacrylate. This 0071 Polyacrylate-36 is a copolymer of Butyl Methacry copolymer is commercially available under the tradename late (q.v.), HEMA (d.V.). PEG-10 acrylate, PPG-6 acrylate, Plascize L-64S from Goo Chemical Company, Ltd. (Kyoto, and dimethylacrylamide. Japan). 0072 Polyacrylate-37 is a copolymer of perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate, PEG-5 metha-crylate, acrylic acid and I0081 Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-4 is a copolymer of phosphonoxyethyl methacrylate. This copolymer is commer Sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate, dimethyl acrylamide, cially available under the tradename FPL from Daito Kasei Sodium acrylate, acrylic acid and hydroxyethylacrylate Kogyo Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). crosslinked with methylene bis-propenamide. This copoly 0073 AMP-Acrylates Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-9 is a mer is commercially available under the tradename Sepinov polymer of hydroxyethylacrylate, methoxyethylacrylate, and P500 from Seppic (Paris, France). one or more monomers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or I0082 Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-5 is the crosslinked one of their simple esters neutralized with aminomethylpro copolymer that conforms generally to the formula (structure panol. below) where n has an average value of 7.

CHCH CHCH =o =o =o h h h (CH2) action not lucio rich,

0074 Dimethicone PEG-8 Polyacrylate is the siloxane I0083. This copolymer is commercially available under the polymer obtained by free radical polymerization of PEG-8 tradename COSP23 from Miyoshi Kasei, Inc. (Urawa, Dimethicone (q.v.) esterified with acrylic acid. This polymer Japan). is commercially available under the tradename Silsoft Sur I0084 Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-6 is a copolymer of face PF from Momentive Performance Materials (Friendly, ammonium acryloyldimethyl-taurate, dimethylacrylamide, W.Va.). lauryl methacrylate and laureth-4 methacrylate, crosslinked 0075. The term “Acrylates Crosspolymeras used in the with trimethylolpropane triacrylate. This copolymer is com present application refers to a copolymer of acrylic acid, mercially available under the tradename Sepimax Zen from methacrylic acid or one of its esters, crosslinked with glycol Seppic Affaires Reglementaires (Puteux, France). dimethacrylate. I0085 Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-7 is a copolymer of 0076 Under INCI nomenclature conventions, crosspoly methacrylate PPG-6 phosphate and one or more monomers of mers consisting of two or more constituent monomers are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or one of their simple esters, named by listing the monomers separated by a slash (/) fol crosslinked with dimethicone PEG/PPG-25/29 acrylate. This lowed by the word “Crosspolymer. In the case of INCI copolymer is commercially available under the tradename names assigned to cross polymers before March 2003, the Y-17552 from Momentive Performance Materials (Friendly, earlier name is retained without copolymer notation. An arbi W.Va.). trary number may follow the name. For example, Polyacry I0086 Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-8 is a copolymer of late-1 Crosspolymer. t-butyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, methoxy PEG-23 0077. The following is a non-limiting list of Acrylates methacrylate, and dimethylacrylamide, crosslinked with eth Crosspolymers, which can be used to form a CPFA of the ylene glycol dimethacrylate. present invention, and when combined with a glyceryl esterin accordance with the present invention, can be added directly I0087 Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-9 is a copolymer of to, and will be directly soluble in, a cosmetically-acceptable t-butylaminoethyl methacrylate and carboxyethyl acrylate, ester or CTG. crosslinked with a combination of pentaerythritol tetraacry 0078 Polyacrylate-1 Crosspolymer is a copolymer of one late and a hexafunctional acrylate formed by reacting pen or more simple esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, Ca taerythritol triacrylate with toluene diisocyanate. dialkylamino C alkyl methacrylate, PEG/PPG-30/5 allyl I0088 Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-10 is the crosslinked ether, PEG 20-25 Coso alkyl ether methacrylate, hydroxy polymer prepared by polymerizing a mixture of trimethox C. alkyl methacrylate crosslinked with ethylene glycol ysilylpropylmethacrylate with trimethyloylpropane tri dimethacrylate. This copolymer is commercially available methacrylate. under the tradename Carbopol Aqua CCPolymer from Lubri I0089 Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-11 is a polymer of Zol Advanced Materials, Inc. (Cleveland, Ohio). methacrylic acid, acryloyl dimethyltaurate and dimethylacry 0079 Polyacrylate-2 Crosspolymer is a copolymer of lamide, crosslinked with PPG-3 glyceryl triacrylate, and par PEG/PPG-23/6 Dimethicone citraconate, Coso alkyl PEG tially neutralized with ammonia. It conforms generally to the 25 methacrylate, and one or more monomers of acrylic acid, structure below. US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

(2) indicates text missing or illegible when filed

0090 This copolymer is commercially available under the 0097 Ammonium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate is a tradename Aristoflex Velvet from Clariant International Ltd. polymer that conforms generally to the following structure: (MuttenZ, Switzerland). 0091 Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-12 is a copolymer of t-butyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, methoxy PEG-23 -Ficht methacrylate, and dimethylacrylamide, crosslinked with CO methylene bis-acrylamide. NH 0092 Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-14 is a copolymer of CHOCH2SO -NH' acrylic acid, lauryl methacrylate, cetyl methacrylate, Stearyl methacrylate, and phosphorylcholine glycol methacrylate, CH crosslinked by an allyl ether of pentaerythritol. This copoly mer is commercially available under the tradename Phospho 0098. It is commercially available under the tradenames mer ST61OKC from KCl Ltd. (Seoul, South Korea). Gransil APK-1, Gransil ORB-25, Gransil ORB-II-JP from 0093 Sodium Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-1 is a complex Grant Industries, Inc. (Elmwood Park, N.J.) and as crosslinked polymer that is made by first preparing a silicone (0099 SilDerm Formulating Base and SilDerm Formulat copolymer by reacting a methacrylate-terminated polydim ing Base IF from Active Concepts LLC (Lincolnton, N.C.). ethylsiloxane polymer containing silicon hydride groups with 0100 Sodium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate is a polymer PEG-18/PPG-17 allyl ether. The silicone copolymer is then that conforms generally to the following structure: dispersed in water that contains sodium hydroxide and reacted with Methacrylic Acid (q.v.) and methacryloyl PPG-6 phosphate. -Ficht 0094 CPFAs of the present invention may also be formed CO where the polymer having an aliphatic backbone and a plu NH rality of pendant group is an acryloyl ester of a N-dimethyl derivative of taurine. The organic functional group acryloyl CHOCH2SO -Nal" (IUPAC prop-2-enoyl) is a univalent radical derived from CH acrylic acid having the structure CH=CH-CO—. Taurine (IUPAC 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) has structural formula NHCHCHSOH. These compounds are known in the art, 0101. It is commercially available from Seppic (Paris, and referred to in the present application as acryloyldimeth France) under the tradename Simulgel 800 and as Viscolam yltaurates. AT 100 P from Lamberti S.p.A. (Gallarate, Italy). 0102) Acrylamide/Sodium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/ 0095 Additionally, acryloyldimethyltaurates when com Acrylic Acid Copolymer is a copolymer of acrylamide, bined with a glyceryl ester in accordance with the present Sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate and acrylic acid monomers. invention, can be added directly to, and will be directly This copolymer is commercially available under the trade soluble in, a cosmetically-acceptable ester or CTG. names Acudyne SCP and Acudyne SCP Hair Styling Hair 0096. The following is a non-limiting list of salts, cross Fixative Resin from The Dow Chemical Company (Midland, polymers and copolymers of acryloyldimethyltaurate com Mich.). pounds suitable for use in the inventive compositions of the (0103 Acrylamide/Sodium Acryloyldimethyltaurate present invention. Copolymer is a copolymer of acrylamide and Sodium acry US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 loyldimethyltaurate monomers and is available under the and sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate crosslinked with meth tradename Simulgel 600 from Seppic (Paris, France). ylene bis-acrylamide. This crosspolymer is commercially 0104 Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Laureth-7 available under the tradename SUpolymer G-1 from Toho Methacrylate Copolymer is a copolymer of ammonium acry Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). loyldimethyltaurate and laureth-7 methacrylate monomers. 0118 Melamine/Resorcinol/Acryloyldimethyltaurate/ 0105 Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Steareth-8 PEG-6 Methacrylate Crosspolymer is a copolymer of Methacrylate Copolymer is a copolymer of ammonium acry melamine, Resorcinol (q.v.), acryloyldimethyltaurate, and loyldimethyltaurate and Steareth-8 methacrylate monomers. PEG-6 methacrylate crosslinked with 1,5-pentanedial. 0106 Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Vinyl Forma 0119 Sodium Acrylate/Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Dim mide Copolymer is a copolymer of ammonium acryloyldim ethylacrylamide Crosspolymer is a crosslinked copolymer of ethyltaurate and vinyl formamide monomers. Sodium acrylate, acryloyldimethyltaurate and dimethylacry 0107 Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP Copoly lamide. This crosspolymer is commercially available under mer is a copolymer of ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate the tradename Sepinov P88 from Seppic (Paris, France). and vinylpyrrolidone monomers. This copolymer is commer I0120 Sodium Acryloyl Dimethyl Taurate/PEG-8 Diacry cially available under the tradename Aristoflex AVC from late Crosspolymer is a polymer of sodium acryloyl dimethyl Clariant International Ltd. (MuttenZ, Switzerland) and also taurate crosslinked by PEG-8 diacrylate. This polymer is under the tradenames Botanimulse PSF Hand Botanimulse commercially available under the tradename FW200 Poly PSF-M from Botanigenics, Inc. (Chatsworth, Calif.). mer System from Power Paper Ltd. (Petah Tikva, Israel). 0108 Hydroxyethyl Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl I0121 Sodium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP Crosspoly Taurate Copolymer is a copolymer of sodium hydroxyethyl mer is a copolymer of sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate and acrylate and acryloyldimethyl taurate monomers and is avail vinylpyrrolidone crosslinked by 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane able from Seppic (Paris, France) under the tradenames Sepi triacrylate. This copolymer is commercially available under plus S, Sepiplus VG, Simulgel FL, Simulgel I NS 100, and the tradename Aristoflex AVS from Clariant International Simulgel NS. Ltd. (MuttenZ, Switzerland). 0109 Sodium Acrylates/Methacryloylethyl Phosphate 0.122 Other copolymers of acrylic acid useful in the prac Copolymer is the Sodium salt of a copolymer of acrylic acid, tice of the present invention include ammoniumVA/acrylates methacrylic acid or one or more of its simple esters and copolymer, sodium acrylates copolymer, ethylene? acrylic methacryloylethyl phosphate. acid copolymer, ethylene/calcium acrylate copolymer, ethyl 0110 Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Tau ene/magnesium acrylate copolymer, ethylene/sodium acry rate/Acrylamide Copolymer is a copolymer of Sodium acry late copolymer, ethylene/zinc acrylate copolymer, ethylene? late, sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate and acrylamide mono acrylic acid/VA copolymer, acrylates/VP copolymer, CS. acrylates/VA copolymer, steareth-10 allyl ether/acrylatesco 0111 Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate polymer, acrylates/steareth-50 acrylate copolymer, acrylates/ Copolymer is a copolymer of Sodium acrylate and sodium Steareth-20 methacrylate copolymer, acrylates/ammonium acryloyldimethyl taurate monomers. This copolymer is com methacrylate copolymer, styrenefacrylates copolymer, Sty mercially available under the tradename Flocare PSD 30 from renefacrylates/ammonium methacrylate copolymer, 10 SNF SAS (Andrezieux, France) and the tradename Sepinov ammonium styrenefacrylates copolymer, Sodium styrene? EG-P from Seppic (Paris, France). acrylates copolymer, acrylates/hydroxyesters acrylates 0112 Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate/Acrylamide/VP copolymer, betaine acrylate copolymers including methacry Copolymer is a copolymer of Sodium acryloyldimethyltau loyl ethyl betaine/acrylates copolymer, lauryl acrylate/VA rate, acrylamide and vinylpyrrolidone monomers. copolymer, VA/butyl maleate/isobornyl acrylate copolymer, 0113 Sodium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Methacrylami ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, vinylcaprolactam/VP/ dolauric Acid Copolymer is a copolymer of Sodium acry dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer, Sodium acry loyldimethyltaurate and methyacrylamidolauric acid mono lates/acrolein copolymer, VP/dimethylaminoethylmethacry CS. late copolymer, AMP-acrylates copolymer), where “VA' is 0114 Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Beheneth-25 “vinyl acetate' and “VP' is “vinyl polymer. Methacrylate Crosspolymer is a copolymer of ammonium I0123 Polymers of acrylic acid and its salts (polyacrylic acryloyldimethyltaurate and beheneth-25 methacrylate acid, ammonium polyacrylate, potassium aluminum poly monomers. This copolymer is commercially available under acrylate, potassium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate) have the tradenames Aristoflex BLV and Aristoflex HMB from similar properties and can be used in the practice of the Clariant International Ltd. (MuttenZ, Switzerland). present invention. 0115 Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Carboxy 0.124. Other copolymers copolymerized with polyacry ethyl Acrylate Crosspolymer is a copolymer of ammonium lates include polyacrylamide and PVA, sodium polyacrylate acryloyl dimethyltaurate and carboxyethyl acrylate starch, acrylamide/sodium polyacrylate, hydroxyethyl acry crosslinked with trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate. This late/sodium acrylodimethyl taurate copolymer, acrylate copolymer is commercially available under the tradename copolymer, acrylamide?ammonium acrylate copolymer, Aristoflex TAC from Clariant International Ltd. (MuttenZ, acrylates/beheneth-25 methacrylate/steareth-30 methacry Switzerland). late copolymer, polyvinyl alcohols (and derivatives or 0116 Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Steareth-25 blends), PVP (derivatives and blends), sodium/carbomer, car Methacrylate Crosspolymer is a copolymer of ammonium bomer, TEA-carbomer, and acrylates/Coso alkyl acrylate acryloyldimethyltaurate and Steareth-25 methacrylate mono crosspolymer, to mention just a few. CS. 0.125 Examples of commercially available polymers hav 0117 Dimethylacrylamide/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl ing an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of pendant groups taurate Crosspolymer is a copolymer of dimethylacrylamide thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable groups, and/or that US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 are pendant groups having at least one permanent dipole nary ammonium polymers are also known as "polyduats' or include Carbopols(R Ultrez-10, Ultrez-20, Ultrez-21; "polyduaterniums. Non-limiting examples of “polycuats' Pemulen TR-1 and Pemulin TR-2 (all the foregoing available suitable for use in the cold process formulations aids of the from Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Cleveland Ohio, USA); present invention and methods of using the same include: as well as Sepinov EMT-10 (distributed in the United States Polycuat 6 Poly(diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride); by SEPPIC Inc., Fairfield N.J.), to mention just a few. Polycuat 7, a copolymer of acrylamide and dialyldimethyl 0126 Ionizable pendant groups are or include a functional ammonium chloride; Polyduat 11, a copolymer of vinylpyr group that includes, a labile (“acidic') hydrogen atom. The rolidone and quarternized dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate; carboxyl group (-COH), the sulfate group (—O—SOH), Polycuat 32 Poly(acrylamide 2-methacryloxyethyltrim and the Sulfite group ( -SO3H) are examples of functional ethyl ammonium chloride); Polycuat 37 Poly(2-methacry groups that have labile hydrogenatoms and that can be, or be loxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride); Polyduat a constituent of an ionizable pendant group. Polymers of 67 Polymer of hydroxyethyl cellulose with dimethyldode acrylic acid, commonly referred to as "carbomers', are pre cylammonium and trimethylammonium. ferred polymers having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality 0.130. In certain embodiments of this aspect of the present of ionizable pendant groups that are useful in the cold process invention in which the polymer component of the CPFA is formulation aid of the present invention, in certain of its an aliphatic backbone having a plurality of pendant groups embodiments. Carboxyl functionality is found in fatty acids, thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable groups—the CPFA which can be waxes. is “eutectic', a term that the person of ordinary skill in the art 0127 Pendant groups having a permanent dipole include will understand to mean a mixture of chemical compounds pendant groups that are or that include one or more of an forming a single chemical composition that solidifies at a alcoholic hydroxyl group, carboxylic group, thiolic thiol lower temperature than any material in the composition. In group, estergroup, amide group, imide group, imine group, or characterizing certain CPFA compositions of the present nitrile group, to mention just a few. Examples of polymers application as “eutectic', the inventors mean that these having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of pendant CPFAs solidify at a lower temperature than any material in the groups having a permanent dipole include poly(vinyl pyrroli composition (i.e., its component parts). The eutectic nature of done), poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(methyl methacrylate), and certain CPFAs of the present invention is demonstrated by copolymers of methyl acrylate and/or methyl methacrylate differential scanning calorimetry, which shows the CPFA has with alkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid hav a single melt/freeze point. ing about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, to 0131. In eutectic embodiments of the present invention, mention just a few. CPFAs are produced by the process of combining at least two 0128. The plurality of pendant groups of the polymers components—(i) at least one wax component and (ii) at least having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of pendant one polymer component having an aliphatic backbone and a groups that are useful in the practice of the present invention, plurality of pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or in certain of its embodiments, can include more than one type ionizable groups, or pendant groups having at least one per of pendant group selected, independently, from ionic, ioniz manent dipole that includes an acid, alcohol, thiol, ester, able, and permanent-dipole-including pendant groups. To amine, amide, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety—at a tempera mention just one example, such polymer can have both alkyl ture that is at least about 5° C. above (a) the higher of the ester and carboxyl pendant groups. Such polymer can also melting point of the wax (or in CPFAS containing more than have more than one species of the same type or genus of one wax, the wax with the highest melting point) or (b) the pendant group. For example, Such polymer can have both softening point of the polymer component having an aliphatic carboxyl and Sulfate ionizable pendant groups, to mention backbone with a plurality of pendant ionic or ionizable just one example. Amines—either non-neutralized or par groups (or in CPFAS containing more than one polymer com tially or totally neutralized with an inorganic or organic base, ponent having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of pen or quaternized—are also ionizable. As will be understood by dant ionic or ionizable group groups thereon, the polymer the person having ordinary skill in the art, when ionizable having the highest softening point). For purposes of describ groups, when Subjected to the action of a base, give anionic ing eutectic embodiments of the present invention, and the groups (e.g., carboxyl groups) and when Subjected to the process for making the same, the term "softening point is to action of an acid or quaternization, give cationic groups (e.g., be understood to mean a temperature at which a material tertiary amine). Neutralization of the anionizable groups (or softens to a specified extent. Softening point can be deter cationizable groups respectively) with the base (or the acid mined, for example, by the Vicat method (ASTM-D 1525 or respectively) may be carried out partially or completely, ISO 306), Heat Deflection Test (ASTM-D648) or a ring and depending on the amounts of neutralizing agents used. ball method (ISO 4625 or ASTM E28-67/E28-99 or ASTM 0129. The term "quaternary ammonium' is common D36 or ASTM D6493-11). chemical nomenclature and its meaning will be understood 0.132. In certain eutectic embodiments of the present by one skilled in the art. There are two types of ammonium invention, in which the highest melting point of the wax compounds: acidic, and non-acidic. Acidic ammonium com component(s) is a temperature that is higher than the highest pounds are acid salts of amines, and are characterized by softening point of the polymer component(s), the CPFA is having an N H covalent bond wherein the N H bond is formed by a process in which the wax component(s) and the reactive with and may protonate bases. Non-acidic, or "qua polymer component(s) are combined at a temperature that is ternary” ammonium compounds do not have this N H bond, at least about 5°C. higher than the highest melting point of the and are not reactive with bases in the same way. Quaternary wax component(s). ammonium compounds are generally characterized by hav I0133. In other eutectic embodiments of the present inven ing four covalent bonds, usually four carbon-nitrogen bonds tion, in which the highest Softening point of the polymer attached to the positively-charged central nitrogen. Quater component(s) of the CPFA is a temperature that is higher than US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

the highest melting point of the wax(es), the CPFA is formed amount of polymer can be decreased) if an emulsion or hydro by a process in which the wax component(s) and the polymer gel is to be formed at or near the eutectic point of the CPFA. component(s) are combined at a temperature that is at least By way of non-limiting example, if a CPFA can have a wax: about 5° C. higher than the highest softening point of the polymer ratio of 70:30, a CPFA can also be made within the polymer component(s). Scope of the present invention with the same wax and polymer 0134 Eutectic CPFA of the present application can, and but at different ratios, for example 80:20, if the emulsion is to preferably are made by a process involving the following beformed at or near the eutectic point. It will also be under sequential steps: stood that a CPFA having a higher polymer content for 0135 (i) add wax(es) to a vessel; heat to a temperature of example 60:40 could be used to form an emulsion at ambi at least about 5° C. above the melt point of the highest melt ent temperature. point wax: mix until a homogenous batch of molten wax(es) 0.143 A second aspect of the present invention is directed is achieved; to cold process formulation aids and methods employing the 0.136 (ii) add polymer(s) having an aliphatic backbone same for rendering polyacrylic acids, polyacrylates, poly with a plurality of pendant ionic or ionizable groups to the cacrylate copolymers, polyacrylate crosspolymers, and their batch of molten wax(es) from step (i) while heating to a respective salts (collectively referred to in the present appli temperature of at least about 5° C. above the highest melt cation as “Polyacrylic Acid Derivatives” and abbreviated as point of the wax(es) or the highest softening point of the “PADs) directly soluble in cosmetically-acceptable esters polymer(s); mix until a homogenous eutectic mixture is and Caprylic/Capric Glycerides (CTG), without using a formed; petroleum-derived solvent. 0.137 (iii) cool the eutectic mixture from step (ii) to a 0144) Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride (abbreviated “CTG') temperature of about 5° C. above the congealing point of the is a medium chain triglyceride esterified from caprylic and mixture; capric acids and glycerine. CTG is an article of commerce 0138 (iv) pour the eutectic mixture from step (iii) onto a available from suppliers of chemical raw materials used in the chilled surface having a temperature from about -10° C. to formulation of personal care and pharmaceutical products, about 10°C., producing a CPFA in the form of a solid wax, or including from Jeen International Corp. (Fairlawn, N.J.) wax-like Substance. under the tradename JEECHEMR) CTG. 0.139. The solid wax (or wax-like substance) produced by the above-described process can be poured and cast into a 0145 The inventive compositions according to this aspect block, flaked, or prilled, and, optionally, ground to smaller of the present invention are cold process formulation aids particle size and/or passed through a sieve to achieve a desired comprising (a) at least one PAD and (b) at least one emulsi particle size cut-off. fying wax. 0140. In preferred embodiments of the present invention, 0146 A non-limiting list of emulsifying waxes suitable in step (iii) the polymer(s) having an aliphatic backbone with for use in this aspect of the invention are provided above. a plurality of pendant ionic or ionizable groups start to soften 0.147. In certain preferred embodiments of this aspect of at a temperature of about 30°C., with near complete softening the invention, the emulsifying wax is a polyglyceryl ester. achieved at a temperature typically ranging from about 60°C. Polyglyceryl esters are liquid, non-ionic Surfactants based on to about 120° C. linear polyglycerol and fatty acids. 0141. In certain embodiments of the first aspect of the 0148 Particularly preferred polyglyceryl esters include invention directed to eutectic CPFAs, where the polymer Polyglyceryl Monostearate, Polyglyceryl-3 Stearate, Polyg having an aliphatic backbone is an acrylic acid that has been lyceryl-6 Distearate Hexaglyceryl Distearate, Decaglyceryl pre-neutralized, a salt of a polyacrylic ester (e.g., sodium Dipalmitate, all commercially available from, Lonza, Inc. polyacrylate), or a salt of an acrylic acid, and the wax is not (Allendale, N.J.; among other Suppliers of raw materials used micronized and is not emulsifying, the ratio, by weight, of the in the manufacture of personal care products) under the trade non-micronized/non-emulsifying wax to the polymer having name Polyaldo. an aliphatic backbone is from about 60:40 to 80:20, and if the 0149 Polyglycerol-3 (also known as Polyglycerin-3) is a wax is a micronized wax or a emulsifying wax, the ratio, by clear yellowish Viscous liquid with an average molecular weight, of wax to polymer backbone is 70:30 to 98:2. weight of 250 g/mol. Polyglycerin-3 is a glycerin polymer 0142. In other embodiments of the first aspect of the inven containing 3 glycerin units. It is water-soluble and is less tion directed to eutectic CPFAs, where polymer having an hygroscopic than glycerol or diglycerol. aliphatic backbone is an acrylic acid or polyacrylic acid, and 0150 Polyglycerin-6 is a glycerin polymer containing 6 the wax is not micronized and is not self-emulsifying, the ratio, by weight, of the non-micronized/non-emulsifying wax glycerin units. to the polymer having an aliphatic backbone is, in preferred 0151 Polyglyceryl-3 Stearate is an ester of stearic acid embodiments, from about 70:30 to 95:5, and if the wax is a and Polyglycerin-3 and has the empirical formula C7HsOs. micronized wax or a emulsifying wax, the ratio, by weight, of Polyglyceryl-3 Stearate is an article of commerce available wax to polymer backbone is, in preferred embodiments, from from suppliers of chemical raw materials to formulators of about 90:10 to 99.5:0.5. All ratios refer to Wax:Polymer com personal care and pharmaceutical products, including under positions. It will be understood by the skilled artisan that the the tradenames CaprolTM 3GS from Abitec Corporation (Co above preferred embodiments relate to CPFAS which are lumbus, Ohio), AkolineTM PG 7 from AarhusKarlshamn AB, comprised of a highwax content (at least about 70), where the and as PolyaldoTMTGMS KFG (3-1-S) from Lonza (Allen CPFA does not contain an emulsifying wax, and where the dale, N.J.). CPFA is to be added to an aqueous medium at room tempera 0152 Polyglyceryl-6 Distearate is a diester of stearic acid ture. As described elsewhere in the present application, the and Polyglycerin-6 and is available under the tradenames amount of wax can be increased (and correspondingly the Caprol 6G2S from Abitec Corporation (Columbus, Ohio), US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

Plurol SteariqueWL 1009 from Gattefosses.a.s. (Saint Priest, both cationic and anionic polymer chain(s) may also be used France) and Polyaldo HGDS KFG (6-2-S) from Lonza Inc. in accordance with the compositions and methods of the (Allendale, N.J.). present invention. Non-limiting examples of Such polymers 0153. As used herein, by the term “directly soluble” in include carboxymethylchitosan, N-hydroxy-dicarboxyethyl cosmetically-acceptable oil or CTG is meant that the inven chitosan, cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose. Amphoteric polysac tive composition comprising a PAD/emulsifying wax blend charide compounds may also be obtained by grafting and can be added to a cosmetically-acceptable oil or CTG and polymerization monomers corresponding onto anionic does not form aggregates, the PAD is not visually perceptible polysaccharides, and include polymers of the type disclosed with the naked eye as a powder or crystal, and the resulting in PreGrant US Patent Application Publication 2008/ mixture of PAD/emulsifying wax and cosmetically-accept 0260674. Non-limiting examples of cationic polysaccharides able oil or CTG does not leave a gritty hard feel when applied suitable for use in the cold process formulations aids of the to the skin. Non-limiting examples of cosmetically-accept present invention and methods of using the same include: able esters into which the inventive blend of PAD/emulsify guar hydrpropyltrimonium chloride; 2-hydroxy-3-(trimethy ing wax are directly soluble are set out below. lammonio) propyl ether chloride; locust bean hydroxypropyl 0154 Cosmetically-acceptable monoesters into which the trimonium chloride; and Casalpina spinosa hydroxypropyl CPFA of the second aspect of the present invention blend of trimonium chloride. PAD(s)/emulsifying wax(es) —are directly soluble include, 0158. The cold process formulation aid of the present but are not limited to, hexyldecyl benzoate, hexyl laurate, invention, in other of its embodiments, includes salts of hexadecyl isostearate, hexy decyl laurate, hexyldecyl esters, have one or a plurality of ionizable groups. Poly(as octanoate, hexyldecyl oleate, hexyldecyl palmitate, hexylde partate) for example, perform the same function as, and are cyl Stearate, hexyldodecyl salicylate, hexyl isostearate, butyl claimed to be an even more eco-friendly alternative to, the acetate, butyl isostearate, butyl oleate, butyl octyl oleate, polymers having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of cetyl palmitate, ceyl octanoate, cetyl laurate, cetyl lactate, pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable isostearyl isononanoate, cetyl isononanoate, cetyl Stearate, groups and discussed above. Sodium poly(aspartate), fre Stearyl lactate, Stearyl octanoate, Stearyl heptanoate, and quently referred to in the trade as simply poly(aspartate), is stearyl Stearate. As will be understood by the skilled artisan, particularly useful in the practice of the present invention. in the above nomenclature, the first term indicates the alcohol 0159. In still further embodiments, the cold process for and the second term indicates the acid in the reaction. For mulation aid of the present invention includes a combination example, Stearyl octanoate is the reaction product of Stearyl of one or more polymers having an aliphatic backbone and a alcohol and octanoic acid. plurality of pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or 0155. Non-limiting examples of cosmetically-acceptable ionizable groups, one or more a polymer having a polysac diesters into which the CPFA blend of PAD(s)/emulsifying charide backbone and a plurality of pendant ionizable orionic wax(es) of the present invention are directly soluble include, groups selected from carboxyl groups, carboxylate groups, but are not limited to, diisoStearyl malate, neopentylglycol Sulfate groups, and salts thereof, and/or poly(aspartate). One dioctanoate, dibutyl sebacate, di-C alkyl malate, dicet non-limiting example of such a CPFA contains cetyl alcohol, earyl dimer dilinoleate, dicetyl adipate, diuSocetyl adipate, glyceryl monostearate, sodium polyacrylate, and Xanthan disononyl adipate, diisoStearyl dimer dilinoleate, disoStearyl gum. In yet further embodiments, the cold process formula fumarate, diisoStearyl malate. tion aid of the present invention includes one or more poly 0156 Cosmetically-acceptable triesters into which the mers having a silicone backbone with pendant ionic or ion CPFA blend of PAD(s)/emulsifying wax(es) of the present izable groups, and/or that are pendant groups having at least invention are directly soluble include, but are not limited to, one permanent dipole that includes an alcohol, thiol, ester, triarachidin, tributyl citrate, trisoStearyl citrate, tri-C2 amide, amine, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety. Examples of alkyl citrate, tricaprylin. Such polymers include amodimethicone and dimethiconol, to 0157. In accordance with the first aspect of the present mention just two. invention, the cold process formulation aid, in other of its 0160 Polymers having pendant ionic or ionizable groups embodiments, includes a polymer having a polysaccharide can be referred to as polyelectrolytes. backbone and a plurality of pendant ionizable or ionic groups 0.161 The cold process formulation aid of the present selected from carboxyl groups, Sulfate groups, salts of either, invention according to the first aspect of the invention, in all or combinations thereof. The polysaccharide backbone can of its embodiments, includes at least one wax. Waxes are include either or both of pyranoside and furanoside residues. Substances which are solidorsemi-solidat room temperature, Important is that the polysaccharide backbone have a plural that undergo a reversible solid-liquid change of state, with a ity of pendant ionizable or ionic groups selected from car melting point of greater than or equal to about 30°C., and up boxyl groups, sulfate groups, salts of either, or combinations to about 150°C., and in some embodiments up to about 170° thereof. Preferred are polysaccharides that swell in water at C., and in still other embodiments up to about 200°C., and room temperature, non-limiting examples of which include have an anisotropic crystal organization in Solid form. Pref Sodium alginate, carrageenan, carboxymethyl cellulose, Xan erably, the wax has a melting point of 35° C. to 100° C. But than, starches, and cationic guar. Anionic and cationic waxes having a melting point >100° C. or waxes having a polysaccharides Suitable for use in the present invention melting point at or below room temperature (e.g., cocoa but include, but are not limited to the following: anionic polysac ter) can be used in particular embodiments of the present charides—alginic acid, pectin, Xanthan gum, hyaluronic acid, invention. chondroitin Sulfate, gum arabic, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, (0162 The skilled artisan knows that waxes of commerce carboxymethyl-chitin, cellulose gum, cationic polysaccha rarely have a sharp melting point such as exhibited by, for rides—chitosan, cationic guar gum, cationic hydroxyethyl example, purified organic compounds, and that the melting cellulose. Amphoteric polysaccharide compounds containing point of a wax may vary depending on the test method used. US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

The well-known technique of differential scanning calorim thetic waxes useful in the practice of the present invention etry (DSC) can be used to determine the melting point of a include Substances that can include components from natural wax. DSC can, for example, be performed using a 5 mg SOUCS. sample and a heating rate of 10° per minute. In this example, 0171 Waxes also include esters of long-chain primary the temperature at which the melting endotherm shows a alcohols and fatty acids, as well as shea butter and cocoa maximum deviation from baseline (i.e. the “peak tempera butter. Accordingly, certain fats or butters are to be under ture') is taken as the melting point. stood as waxes within the scope of the present invention, since 0163 Waxes useful in the practice of the present invention these materials require an increase in temperature to cause a can be classified by source or chemical structure. Waxes phase transition from a semi-solid or Solid to a liquid. Typi useful in the practice of the present invention can be either cally, the melt point for fats and butters considered as waxes hydrogenated (fully or partially) or non-hydrogenated natural within the scope of the present invention is less than about 50° waxes, such as those obtained from animal, botanical, or C. At that temperature, a fat or butter can be converted to a mineral Sources, or they can be synthetic waxes. Some syn wax if the fat or butter is hydrogenated, partially or fully. A thetic waxes are synthesized using one or more components non-limiting example of a fat to be considered a wax for from natural sources. Synthetic waxes can include more than purposes of the present invention is castor oil. one wax, each from a different source or of a different chemi 0172. Self-emulsifying waxes may be obtained commer cal class or structure, or they can be a natural wax that has cially from numerous manufacturers and Suppliers. Commer been compounded with other components to obtain a syn cially available self-emulsifying waxes that may be useful in thetic wax. the practice of the present invention include ethoxylated and/ 0164 Natural waxes that are animal waxes include bees or propoxylated waxes as well as the following: PEG-20 wax, lanolin, shellac wax, and whale wax. Natural waxes that sorbitan beeswax (Atlas G-1726, Uniqema; Nikkol GBW are botanical waxes include candelilla wax, castor wax, cot 125, Nikko), PEG-6 beeswax (ESTOL 375, Uniqema), ton wax, soy wax, jojoba wax, olive wax, carnauba wax, Sugar PEG-8 beeswax (Api?il, Gattefosse), Olivem 1000 (Cetearyl cane wax, rice bran wax, bayberry wax, Sunflower wax, rose Olivate, Sorbitan Olivate, from B&TSRL), PEG-12 beeswax petal wax, and Japan wax. Sunflower wax is a preferred and PEG-12 carnauba wax. botanical wax for use in the practice of certain embodiments 0173. In certain embodiments, the wax regardless of of the cold process formulation aid of the present invention. Source or type—is micronized. That is, the wax is used in the 0165 Mineral waxes include montan wax, ozokerite, and form of particles having an average particles size, as deter ceresin. mined by particle size analyzers known in the art, including 0166 Petroleum-based waxes include paraffin wax and those available from Malvern, of about 50LL or less. When microcrystalline wax. micronized waxes are used, additional options for making the cold process formulation aid of the present invention, dis 0167 Synthetic waxes include polyethylene waxes (e.g. cussed below, can be used. Micronized waxes useful in the Jeenate R waxes available from Jeen International of Fairfield practice of the present invention include Ceridust(R) micron N.J., USA), silicone waxes, fluoro waxes, Fischer-Tropsch ized poly(ethylene) (Clariant), Micropoly(R) micronized poly waxes, polypropylene waxes, esters of poly(ethylene glycol), (ethylene) wax (Micro Powders, Inc.), Microease R micron and pegylated Sorbitans, alone or in combination with, for ized synthetic waxes (MicroPowders, Inc.), and Microcare(R) example, monoalkyl ethers of poly(ethylene glycol) (e.g. cet waxes (MicroPowders, Inc) that include natural waxes (e.g. eareth-20). Synthetic waxes also include so-called “function carnauba wax), to mention just a few. Anticaking agents. Such alized waxes, a non-limiting example of which are pegylated as silicas or a harder wax, can be added to a softer wax. animal waxes (e.g. PEG-8 beeswax) Additionally, plasticizers (e.g., esters or oils) may be added to 0.168. In certain embodiments of the cold process formu the wax before micronization. As used in the present inven lation aid of the present invention, the wax is a synthetic tion a "plasticizer” means a compound present in an amount emulsifying wax, for example glyceryl monostearate, to men sufficient to lower the glass transition temperature of the tion just one. Self-emulsifying wax, as that term is used CPFA. Glass transition is measured using a differential scan herein, refers to a chemically modified wax that contains at ning calorimeter. To evaluate the reduction in the glass tran least one emulsifier component, e.g., a non-ionic emulsifier. sition temperature caused by the plasticizer, the glass transi 0169. The wax component of the self-emulsifying wax tion temperature of the CPFA is first measured by a method contains one or more cosmetically or dermatological accept known to the person skilled in the art, and a mixture of the able waxes from among waxes of animal origin, waxes of CPFA and the plasticizer is then prepared and a measurement plant origin, waxes of mineral origin and waxes of synthetic is taken by the same method under the same conditions. origin. Examples of waxes of animal origin include bees 0.174. The plasticizing compound may be chosen espe waxes, lanolin waxes and Chinese insect waxes. Examples of cially from aliphatic or aromatic polycarboxylic acid esters of waxes of plant origin include rice waxes, olive wax, carnauba aliphatic or aromatic alcohols comprising from 1 to 10 carbon wax, candellila wax, Sugar cane waxes, Japan waxes, and atoms, as well as silicone oils. Non-limiting examples of cotton wax. Examples of waxes of mineral origin include plasiticizers include liquid paraffin, isoparaffin, hexyllaurate, paraffins, microcrystalline waxes, montan waxes and oZok isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate, cetyl myristate, 2-oc erites. Examples of waxes of synthetic origin include poly tyldodecyl myristate; isopropyl palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl olefin waxes, e.g., polyethylene waxes, waxes obtained by palmitate, butyl Stearate, decyl oleate, 2-octyldodecyl oleate, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, waxy copolymers and their esters, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, lanolin acetate, Stearyl alcohol, and silicone and fluoro waxes. cetostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, avocado oil, almond oil, 0170 Alternatively, hydrogenated oils of animal or plant olive oil, cocoa oil.jojoba oil, gum oil, Sunflower oil, soybean origin (natural waxes) may be present in the self-emulsifying oil, camelia oil, squalane, castor oil, mink oil, cottonseed oil, wax in combination with synthetic compounds. Thus, Syn coconut oil, egg yolk oil, beef tallow, lard, polypropylene US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 glycol monooleate, neopentylglycol 2-ethylhexanoate or a 0180. The technique of spray-drying is well known in similar glycol ester oil; triglyceryl isostearate, the triglycer chemical engineering and is Summarized, for example, in R. ide of a fatty acid of coconut oil, or a similar oil of a polyhy P. Patel et al., 2 Indian Journal of Science and Technology, dric alcohol ester, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxypro Vol. No. 2, 44-48 (2009). The skilled artisan knows to adjust pylene cetyl ether or a similar polyoxyalkylene ether. the temperature of the molten wax, the nozzle orifice size, and 0.175. In certain embodiments, the plasticizer may be a the atomizing pressure to obtain the desired particle size in the silicone oil, non-limiting examples of which include a dim final powder product. Preferred particle sizes are in the range ethylpolysiloxane with the two molecular ends capped with of 5u to 5 mm, more preferably 5u to 50LL. trimethylsiloxy groups, a copolymer of methylphenylsilox 0181 Prilling is likewise a technique for forming particu ane and of dimethylsiloxane having the two molecular ends late or granular Solid particles and is well known in chemical capped with trimethylsiloxy groups, a copolymer of methyl engineering. Prilling is accomplished in a prilling tower in 3,3,3-trifluoropropylsiloxane and of dimethylsiloxane hav which droplets of a molten combination of one or more waxes ing the two molecular ends capped with trimethylsiloxy with polymers having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of groups, or similar unreactive linear silicone oils, and also pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable hexamethyl-cyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclo-tetrasilox groups, one or more polymers having a polysaccharide back ane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclo bone and a plurality of pendant ionizable or ionic groups hexasiloxane or a similar cyclic compound. In addition to the selected from carboxyl groups, carboxylate groups, Sulfate unreactive silicone oils, modified polysiloxanes containing groups, and salts thereof, poly(aspartate), or a combination of functional groups such as silanol groups, amino groups and the foregoing, are allowed to fall under the action of gravity polyether groups on the ends or within the side molecular through the tower against a static or dynamic column of gas, chains may be used. for example air or nitrogen. The height of the prilling tower, 0176 Powders such as mica, calcium carbonate, silica, the temperature of the gas, and the size of the droplets are can be used as plasticizers. adjusted, by routine experimentation, according to the melt 0177. Differential scanning calorimetry demonstrates that ing point of the wax and the desired size of the final pril. the heat of disassociation of the wax component of the cold 0182. The cold process formulating aids of the present process formulation aid is different than the heat of disasso invention may vary in physical forms ranging from coarse ciation of the cold process formulation aid itself, the latter powder to flake and pastille, which, in turn, can be further being lower. This difference is important both in terms of reduced in size using a jet mill. sensorial properties and rheological profiles of the final com 0183. When the wax is not a micronized wax and the cold mercial product (i.e., the emulsion or hydrogel). By way of process formulation aid of the present invention is made by non-limiting example, the viscosity of an emulsion contain spray drying or prilling, the ratio, by weight, of the one or ing a wax (W) and polymeric thickener (P) formed by con more waxes to the one or more polymers (i.e. the one or more ventional processes (i.e., heating) is lower than the Viscosity polymers having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of of an emulsion formed without heat (i.e., at room tempera pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable ture) by adding a cold process formulating aid (WP) consist groups, the one or more polymers having a polysaccharide ing essentially of the same wax and same polymeric thickener backbone and a plurality of pendant ionizable or ionic groups at the same concentrations as used in the conventional (i.e., selected from carboxyl groups, carboxylate groups, Sulfate heated) emulsion. groups, and salts thereof, the poly(aspartate), or a combina 0.178 The cold process formulation aid of the present tion of the foregoing) is preferably from about 60:40 to 80:20. invention can be obtained in powder form, a preferred physi 0184. When a micronized wax having an average particle cal form, by combining one or more polymers having an size not exceeding about 50L, is used, the cold process for aliphatic backbone and a plurality of pendant groups thereon mulation of the present invention can be made by a dry blend that are pendant ionic or ionizable groups, one or more poly ing process. In this case, the ratio, by weight, of one or more mers having a polysaccharide backbone and a plurality of waxes to the one or more polymers is from about 85:15 to pendant ionizable or ionic groups selected from carboxyl about 98:2. The dry blending can be accomplished using a groups, carboxylate groups, Sulfate groups, and salts thereof, ribbon mixer, a twin-shell mixer or a high intensity mixer. or poly(aspartate), or a combination of the foregoing, with at Micronized waxes can be used when the polymer is be sen least one wax in a spray drying (also known as spray congeal sitive to higher temperatures since these can be destroyed by ing when heat, rather than a solvent, is being removed), jet high temps.) milling or prilling process. If the wax is a micronized wax 0185. The cold process formulation aid made by any of the micronized to an average particle size of about 5u, a dry above-described methods is preferably in the form of an blending process can Suffice. easily-handled powder. However, the cold process formula 0179. In the spray drying process, the one or more poly tion aid of the present invention, in certain embodiments, can mers having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of pendant also be provided in the form of a paste or a semi-solid having groups thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable groups, the a butter-like consistency. When a paste form is desired, waxes one or more polymers having a polysaccharide backbone and or fats having a melting point near or below room tempera a plurality of pendant ionizable or ionic groups selected from ture, e.g. sheabutter or especially cocoa butter, are included in carboxyl groups, carboxylate groups, sulfate groups, and the formulation, especially in combination with other waxes salts thereof, the poly(aspartate), or a combination of the (e.g. beeswax). The cold process formulation aid of the foregoing are combined with one or more molten waxes at present invention in paste form can be made using conven about 30°C. to about 150°C., and in in some embodiments up tional compounding equipment, for example a Banbury to about 170° C., and in still other embodiments up to about mixer. 200° C. and the combination converted to a powder by spray 0186. In still further embodiments, the present invention congealing. provides a cold process for making personal care products US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

that includes the step of combining the cold process formu weight of the combination. The combination is then cooled to lation aid of the present invention with an aqueous medium a continuous Solid mass and comminuted to the desired par and other ingredients. ticle size. 0187. Additional ingredients that may be added to emul 0193 In a modification of the first process, the molten sions formed with the cold process formulation aids of the combination of wax and polyelectrolyte polymer is not present invention include, but are not limited to, oils and cooled to a continuous Solid mass. Instead, the molten com esters (as plasticizers); iron oxides; capric caprylic triglycer bination is passed through a spray drying apparatus to cool ide; glycerine; emulsifiers (polysorbate); silicone com and spray congeal the combination to a powder. pounds, including volatile silicones, elastomers and resins 0194 In another modification of the first process, the mol silicone cross-polymer (Dow Corning 9506). A paste can also ten combination is passed through a prilling tower to cool the be made that contains a level of aqueous medium at levels combination and obtain a prin. lower than those of the intended finished formula. All of the aforementioned embodiments can be manufactured to a thick Example 2 paste or cream that can contain 0.1 to 70% of an aqueous medium or water. This can be considered to be a “concen Second Process for Making a Cold Process trate' that can be let down or diluted to a higher level of Formulation Aid with a Micronized Wax and a aqueous medium or water. Said concentrate can be used to Polyelectrolyte Polymer make emulsions. 0.195 Wax is micronized by jet mill pulverization to an 0188 In another embodiment, the present invention pro average particle size of about 5u. The micronized wax is dry vides a method of making a personal care product, without blended with a polyelectrolyte polymer having an aliphatic heating, that includes the steps of (i) combining with an backbone and a plurality of pendant groups thereon that are aqueous medium, in certain, but not all embodiments, at a pendant ionic or ionizable groups, or pendant groups having temperature not exceeding 30° C., a polymer having an ali at least one permanent dipole that includes an alcohol, thiol, phatic backbone and a plurality of pendant groups thereon ester, amide, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety to obtain the cold that are pendant ionic or ionizable groups, or pendant groups processing aid. The polymer having an aliphatic backbone having at least one permanent dipole that includes an acid, and a plurality of pendant groups thereon that are pendant alcohol, thiol, ester, amines, amide, imide, imine, or nitrile ionic or ionizable groups, or pendant groups having at least moiety, thereby forming a hydrogel and (ii) adding a micron one permanent dipole that includes an acid, alcohol, thiol, ized wax, having a mean particle size from 5 to 50 microns, to ester, amine, amide, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety consti the hydrogel of step (i). tutes about 5% by weight of the dry-blended combination. 0189 Polymers having a polysaccharide backbone and a plurality of pendant ionizable or ionic groups selected from Example 3 carboxyl groups, carboxylate groups, sulfate groups, and salts thereof, or polyaspartate can be substituted for the poly Third Process for Making a Cold Process merhaving an aliphatic backbone in the above process. Non Formulation Aid Using a Non-Micronized Wax, a limiting examples of polysaccharides having a pendant ion Polyelectrolyte Polymer, and a Silicone izable or ionic groups include dehydroxanthan sold as AmaZe Crosspolymer XT from AkzoNobel. 0196. Wax and a polyelectrolyte polymer (described in the 0190. As is known in the dermatologic arts, surfactants previous examples) are melted together. Dow DC 9506 (a can be irritating or negatively impact active ingredients (e.g., silicone cross polymer) is combined with the molten wax and by denaturing proteins). In a still further embodiment, the the polyelectrolyte polymer. The molten combination is cold process formulation aid of the present invention provides cooled to obtain a continuous solid mass that is comminuted a method of making a personal care product that is essentially to the desired particle size. free of ethoxylated Surfactants, and in certain embodiments 0.197 In a modification of the third process, the molten essentially of free of surfactants. By “essentially surfactant combination of wax, polyelectrolyte, polymer and silicone free’ is meant that no surfactant is added to the emulsion, crosspolymer is not cooled to a continuous Solid mass. other than surfactant(s), if any, present in the CPFA itself. Instead, the molten combination is passed through a spray 0191 The present invention, in certain of its embodi drying apparatus to cool and spray congeal the combination ments, is illustrated by the following non-limiting examples. to a powder. 0.198. In another modification of the third process, the Example 1 molten combination is passed through a prilling tower to cool the combination and obtain a prin. First Process for Making a Cold Process Formulation Example 4 Aid with Non-Micronized Wax and a Polyelectrolyte Polymer Fourth Process for Making a Cold Process Formulation Aid 0.192 Non-micronized wax and an oil are melted together. A polyelectrolyte polymer having an aliphatic backbone and 0199. In a fourth process, a molten combination of poly a plurality of pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or electrolyte and wax is further combined with oil phase ingre ionizable groups, or pendant groups having at least one per dients (esters, natural oils, synthetic oils, butters (e.g., par manent dipole that includes an alcohol, thiol, ester, amide, tially hydrogenated vegetable oils), silicone compounds) and/ imide, imine, or nitrile moiety is combined with the molten or hydrophilic ingredients (e.g., glycols) to make a paste or wax. The polyelectrolyte polymer constitutes about 30% by slurry, optionally with a surfactant. Two non-limiting US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

examples of this process are as follows: (1) combine Beewax depending on the type of wax and the manufacturing process with Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate (e.g., jet milling). Dry blended CPFAs, irrespective of Copolymer, Isohexdecane and Polysorbate 80; (2) combine whether the wax is functionalized, can have ratios of as low as Sunflower wax with Hydroxyethylacrylate/Sodium Acry 0.5% polymer. Molten CPFAs containing emulsifying waxes loyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer. (e.g., fatty acids, fatty alcohols) can also have as low as 0.5% 0200 Any of the above-mentioned processes may com polymer content. Molten CPFAS containing non-emulsifying prise the further step of pre-hydrating the cold process for waxes can, preferably have 20% or higher polymer content, mulation aid of the present invention (i.e., by adding water). although Molten CPFAs having a lower polymer content can CPFAs of this type are available under the tradename CPW be used in accordance with the cold process methods of the JAW, just add water, from Jeen International Corp. (Fair present invention. field, N.J.). CPFAs of this type would form a concentrate and, in preferred embodiments, would include one or more pre Example 22 servatives known to the skilled artisan. In addition to water, a final product (e.g., lotion, cream) can be made by adding other ingredients, including, for example, anti-aging skin care Swollen Silicone Oil Gel active ingredient as described below. 0203 The cold process formulation aid of Example 3 is Cold Process Formulation Aids (Examples 5-21) dispersed in water in a Suitable vessel at a temperature not above about 30° C. When the processing aid is dispersed, the Example 5 Polyethylene (70%); Sodium Polyacrylate desired amount of silicone oil is added at a temperature not (30%) exceeding about 30° C. to obtain a gel swollen with the Example 6–Sunflower Wax (70%); Sodium Polyacrylate silicone oil. (30%) 0204 Examples of CPFAs in accordance with the second aspect of the invention, in which a blend of PAD(s)/emulsi Example 7 Yellow Beeswax (70%); Sodium Polyacrylate fying wax(es) is directly soluble in cosmetically-acceptable (30%) ester(s) or CTG include the following: Example 8 Cocoa Butter PPP (35%); Yellow Beeswax (35%); Sodium Polyacrylate (30%) Example 23 Example 9 Polyethylene (45%); Polyvinylpyrrolidone 0205 ACPFA consisting essentially of 10% Polyglyc (25%); Sodium Polyacrylate (30%) eryl-3 Stearate, 30% Isostearyl Neopentanoate, and 60% Example 10 Stearic Acid (30%); Ceteareth-20 (7%); Sodium Polyacrylate Cetearyl Alcohol (62%); Sodium Polyacrylate (1%) Example 11—Stearic Acid, (32%); Cetearyl Alcohol (32%); Example 24 Glyceryl Stearate (21%); Peg-100 Stearate (10%); Sodium 0206. A CPFA consisting essentially of 10% Polyglyc Polyacrylate (5%) eryl-3 Stearate, 30% Isostearyl Neopentanoate, and 60% Example 12 Cetearyl Alcohol (70%); Polysorbate 60 Polyguarternium 37. (25%); Sodium Polyacrylate (5%) Example 13—Cetyl Alcohol (50%); Sodium Acrylate Example 25 Acryloyl Dimethyl Taurate Copolymer (30%); Glyceryl 0207. A CPFA consisting essentially of 20% Sorbitan Monostearate (15%); Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride (5%) Stearate, 30% Isopropyl Isostearate, and 50% Polyduater Example 14 Stearic Acid (99%); Sodium Acrylate Acryloyl nium 10. Dimethyl Taurate Copolymer (1%) 0201 Example 15 Sunflower wax (35%); Shea butter Example 26 (35%); Sodium Polyacylate (30%) 0208 ACPFA consisting essentially of 15% Polyglyc Example 16—Polyethylene (35%); Sodium Polyacrylate eryl-6 Distearate, 25% Cas Alkyl Benzoate, and 60% (30%); Iron Oxides (15%); Titanium Dioxide (20%) Sodium Alginate. Example 17 Polyethylene (50%); Sodium Polyacrylate (30%); Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer Example 27 (20%) Example 18 Sunflower Wax (70%); Acrylates/Coso Alkyl 0209 CPFAs in accordance with the second aspect of the Acrylate Crosspolymer (30%) invention (Examples 23-26) are generally made by adding the cosmetically-acceptable ester (or CTG) to a vessel; adding Example 19—Sunflower wax (50%): Caprylic/Capric and emulsifying wax to the vessel and mixing the ester, while Triglyceride (20%); Guar Gum (30%) heating to 70-75° C.; adding one or more polymers, where the Example 20 Sunflower wax (50%): Caprylic/Capric polymer(s) have an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of Triglyceride (20%): Carrageenan (30%) pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable groups, or pendant groups having at least one permanent Example 21—Sunflower wax (50%): Caprylic/Capric dipole that includes an acid, alcohol, thiol, ester, amine, Triglyceride (20%); Sodium Alginate (30%). amide, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety, or a polysachharide; 0202 The ratios of the component parts of the CPFAs (i.e., reducing the temperature to 45-35°C.; pouring the final blend polymeric backbone, synthetic or natural, and wax) vary into a container. US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

Applications Examples acryloyldimethyltaurate copolymer/isohexadecane/polysor bate 80); polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); polyvinyl alcohol: 0210. When mixed with an aqueous medium at a tempera crosslinked acrylates, such as crosslinked poly (2-ethylhexyl ture not exceeding 30°C., the cold process formulation aid of acrylate), and hydrophobically-modified acrylates; cellulose the present invention forms a hydrogel or an emulsion. It is derivatives (illustrated above), polysaccharides and gums: also possible to form an emulsion or hydrogel by adding the and crosslinked methacryloyloxyethyl-trimethylammonium cold process formulation aid of the present invention attem chloride homopolymers sold under the name Salcare SC95. peratures that do not exceed the melt point of the wax com 0216. In preferred embodiments, the mascara contains ponent of the cold process formulation aid or the melt point of both a water-soluble, film-forming polymer and an oil the cold process formulation aid itself. soluble, film-forming polymer, where the water-soluble, film-forming polymer is present at a concentration of from Mascaras 0.5% to 25%, preferably from 1% to 15%, still more prefer 0211 Certain embodiments of the present invention are ably from 1% to 10%, and where the oil-soluble, film-form directed to mascaras that enhance the Volume or thickness of ing polymer is present at a concentration of from 1% to 45%, eyelashes. In particularly preferred embodiments, mascara preferably from 3% to 20%. compositions comprising the cold formulation processing aid 0217. In mascara embodiments containing fibers, the of the present invention not only have long wear and curl, but fibers may be of natural origin (cotton, silk, wool) or synthetic also exhibit less clumping (i.e., on application and over time) (polyester, rayon, nylon or other polyamides). Fibers typi and are easily removed (i.e., with water). cally have an average length ranging from 0.5 mm to 4.0 mm, 0212. In addition to the cold process formulation aid of the and preferably have an average length ranging from 1.5 mm present invention, the mascara compositions may contain one to 2.5 mm. When present, fibers may comprise from 0.5% to or more of (i) a self-emulsifying wax, (ii) a latex polymer, 10% wit/wt, preferably from 1% to 5% wt/wt. preferably copolymers of a (meth)acrylic acid and its esters or 0218. In other embodiments directed to volumizing hair acrylates copolymers, (iii) film-forming polymers, water fibers, in particular eyelashes, the composition may include soluble and/or oil-soluble, (iv) water-soluble thickening or particles, including powders of the present invention, that are gelling agents, and fibers. initially at least about 5 microns in equivalent diameter or that 0213 Non-limiting examples of water-soluble, film-form prior to upon application to the lashes Swell to a size of at least ing polymers include: polyacrylates and polymethacrylates; about 5 microns in equivalent diameter by any chemical or acrylates copolymers such as those sold by The Lubrizol physical means. Corp. under the tradename Avalure RAC and by Interpolymer 0219. One embodiment of the present invention is directed under the Syntran?R. PC tradename (Syntran R. PC 5208– to Volumizing eyelashes in a two-step process, first by apply Polyacrylate-15; Syntran R. PC 5205/5227 Polyacrylate-15 ing a basecoat mascara followed by separate application of a (and) Polyacrylate-17:3; Syntran?RPC5117 Polyacrylate topcoat mascara. The basecoat contains CPFAs of the present 18 (and) Polyacrylate-19; Syntran RPC5100 Polyacrylate 21 invention and is exemplified by the following formula: (and) Acrylates/Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate Copoly CPW-2 (Polyethylene, Sodium Polyacrylate) –10%: mer; Syntran?R PC 5400 Ammonium Acrylates); polyvinyl CPW-S (Sunflower wax, Sodium polyacrylate) —5%; Isod acetates; polyvinyl alcohols; cellulose derivatives (e.g., odecane (40%); Mica 5%; CPW-5 (Polyethylene, Sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Polyacrylate)–12%); Black Iron Oxide (8%); Jeelux VHIPP ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl-cellulose, hydroxypropyl cel (Isopropyl Palmitate, Bis-Vinyl Dimethicone/Dimethicone lulose, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose); cellulose Copolymer) —25%. The topcoat is exemplified by the fol acetate phthalate aqueous dispersion; polymers of chitin or lowing formulation: Water 60%; PEG 150–5%; DC 200 chitosan; vinyl polymers, including vinyl pyrrolidone, poly 1.5 cst (Dimethicone) 25%; Avalure R UR 450 (PPG-17/ vinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone IPDI/DMPA copolymer) –10%. and PVP (e.g., vinylpyrrolidone/acrylates/lauryl methacry late copolymer, acrylates/C. Succinates/hydroxyacrylates Self-Tanners/Autobronzers copolymer; PVP/DMAPA acrylates copolymer; copolymers 0220 Self-tanning formulations containing cold process of vinylpyrrolidone and caprolactam, polyurethanes (e.g., formulation aids of the present invention include dihydroxy Polyurethane-1, a mixture of 30% polyurethane, 10% etha acetone and at least one reducing Sugar, preferably and pref nol, and 60% water, sold under the tradename Luviset(R) P.U. erably also include a high molecular weight cationic polymer, R. by BASF, Aktiengesellschaft); polyester-polyurethane preferred examples of the latter being described in the fol aqueous dispersions, such as those sold by The Lubrizol lowing U.S. patents, the disclosures of which are incorpo Corp. under the trade names Avalure(RURR) and Sancure R; rated, in pertinent part, by reference: U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,599, and quaternized polymers (e.g., Syntran R. PC 5320– 379; 4,628,078; 4.835,206; 4,849,484; and 5,100,660. Polyduaternium sold by Interpolymer). Erythrulose a Ca-ketosugar (1,3,4-trihydroxy-butan-2-one)is 0214 Non-limiting examples of oil-soluble, film-forming a preferred reducing Sugar and can be used in D- or L-form or polymers include hydrogenated polyisobutenes, poly also as the racemate. Other reducing Sugars having self-tan decenes, adipic acid/diethylene glycol/glycerin crosspoly ning properties that can be used in combination with eryth mer, polyethylene, polyvinyl laurate, dienes (in particular, rulose include glucose, Xylose, fructose, reose, ribose, arabi polybutadiene and cylopentadiene), and synthetic-terpene nose, allose, tallose, altrose, mannose, galactose, lactose, based resins. Sucrose, erythrose and glyceraldehyde. 0215 Water-soluble thickening or gelling agents may be film-forming polymers and include: polyacrylamides such as Topical Anti-Aging and Dermatologic Compositions Sepigel 305 (INCI name: polyacrylamide/C isoparaffin/ 0221 Emulsions made with CPFAs of the present inven Laureth 7) or Simulgel 600 (CTFA name: acrylamide/sodium tion provide advantages over conventional emulsions made US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 by heating two discontinuous phases and then mixing the two may be straight, branched or cyclic. RandR may be further phases at elevated temperature until homogenous. Notably, substituted with OH, CHO, COOH or a C- alkoxy group. temperature-sensitive active ingredients (those whose activ Additionally, beta hydroxyacids and polyhydroxyacids may ity is negatively impacted, i.e., diminished, at elevated tem also be added to topical compositions according to the present perature and fragrances can be added directly to the cold invention. process emulsion. 0222 Emulsions containing CPFAs of the present inven Hair Care Products tion can include a multitude of anti-aging skin care active ingredient. By “anti-aging skin care active ingredient' is 0226 Cold process emulsions or hydrogels formulated in meant an ingredient that helps to reduce the appearance of accordance with the present invention include hair care and/or prevent the formation offine lines, wrinkles, age spots, actives known to those of skill in the art that moisturize, sallowness, blotchiness, redness, dark circles (i.e., under the condition, improve bending modulus, increase tensile eyes). Anti-aging skin care active ingredients are also under strength, increase sheen/shine, improve touchability, reduce stood as helping to reduce skin oiliness, reduce transepider split ends, Volumize, reduce fly-away, and/or increase longev mal water loss, improve skin retention of moisture and/or ity of color treatment. Such materials include proteins and improve skin elasticity. Non-limiting examples of skin care polypeptides and derivatives thereof, antioxidants, humec actives include: anti-inflammatory agents (e.g., 1.3 1.6 beta tants and moisturizing and conditioning agents glucan, polyglutamic acid (and) polyfructose); humectants; skin bleaching/lightening agents (e.g., hydroquinone, kojic Antiperspirant/Deodorants: Wet Wipes acid, ascorbic acid, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl 0227. In another embodiment, the CPFA of the present 3 aminopropyl phosphate, ascorbyl 3 aminopropyl dihydro invention is advantageously employed in a process for mak gen phosphate); skin soothing agents (e.g., panthenol and ing an extrudable antiperspirant/solid stick at temperatures derivatives, aloe Vera, pantothenic acid and its derivatives, below the melting point of the formula. In this process, a allantoin, bisabolol, and dipotassium glycyrrhizinate); anti homogenized mixture of CPFA, an antiperspirant and/or oxidants; vitamins and derivatives thereof, exfoliants (e.g., deodorant (AP/Deo') active ingredient (for example, a salt abrasive particles, hydroxy-acids); anti-aging ingredients, or complex of aluminum and/or Zirconium), a structurant including short-chain peptides (e.g., having less than about 12 (e.g., fatty alcohols and other waxes), absorbent/drying amino acids); and self-tanning agents (e.g., dihydroxyac agents (especially, talc, clay, starches), Volatile silicone(s), etone). and, optionally, one or more of suspending agents, emol 0223 Reduction in the appearance of fine lines and lients, and fragrance are mixed and homogenized to achieve a wrinkles can be measured by a number of techniques known desired consistency and feel. The resulting mixture is to those of skill in the art and including clinical assessment by extruded to obtain a uniform, solid, cohesive extrudate that is a trained observer (e.g., doctor, nurse, technician) instrumen cut to a desired length. tally (e.g., by use of Silflo replica masks oran imaging system 0228. The above process is further illustrated by the fol such as VISIA from Canfield Scientific.) Improvements in lowing non-limiting example formulation. The AP/Deo elasticity are measurable, for example, with a Twistometer. active ingredient is incorporated by premixing the active with Reduction in the rate of transepidermal water loss and water and possibly a small amount of propylene glycol. improvement in skin moisture content are measurable, Absorbent/drying agents are particles 10 microns or less and respectively, with an evaporimeter and corneometer. are present in amount of from about 8 to 20% wit/wt. The 0224. In embodiments of the present invention where the volatile silicone(s) are present at a least 15% wit/wt. Trans cold process formulating aid is used to form a topical com parent AP/Deo sticks can beachieved by forming an emulsion position applied to skin exhibiting visible signs of aging incorporating CPFAs of the present invention, particularly (including fine lines, wrinkles, skin laxity, uneven pigmenta self-emulsifying CPFAS (e.g., those including one or more tion), acne lesions, psoriasis, rosacea or an inflammatory emulsifiers such as PEG-100 Stearate, Polysorbate-60, Glyc dermatosis, the composition may also contain a natural or eryl Stearate), and oil phase ingredients where the refractive synthetic analog of vitamin A (i.e., a “retinoid’) including indices of the oil and water phase are adjusted to within geometric isomers and stereoisomers, and includes the fol 0.0005 to 0.001 units at room temperature. PEG-400 glycol lowing compounds: retinol; retinal; C-C alkyl esters of and PEGs having a molecular weight of greater than 400 can retinol, including retinyl palmitate, retinyl acetate, retinyl be used to make transparent/translucent gels, some of which propionate; retinoic acid (including all-trans retinoic acid are referred to in the art as “ringing gels. Such PEGs can be and/or 13-cis-retinoic acid); as well as compounds described used to make CPFAs of the present invention. For example, as retinoids in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,677,120; 4.885,311 5,049, combining a PAD with PEG 400 Glycol will produce a clear 584; and 5,124,356. transparent/translucent emulsion. 0225. In addition to the cold process formulation aids of 0229. A natural deodorizing powder may be prepared by the present invention, cosmeceutical compositions that mixing alum, Sodium bicarbonate, waxes of essential oil and reduce the appearance of the visible signs of aging, topical CPFAs formed from natural waxes and sodium polyacrylate compositions applied in the treatment of acne and other (or one or more salts of sodium polyacrylate or both). inflammatory dermatoses, as well as self-tanning composi 0230 Low-viscosity AP/Deo roll-ons or sprays (viscosity tions (described above), may contain hydroxy acids, alpha of less than about 2,500 mPas) can be formulated with self hydroxy acids (AHAS). As used in the present application, emulsifying CPFAs of the present invention as defined in the AHAs conform to the formula (R)(R)C(OH)COOH where preceding paragraph. A non-limiting example of such a low RandR may be the same or different, and are selected from viscosity AP/Deo composition contains CPFAs of the present the group consisting of H. F. C. Br, alkyl, aralkyl, or aryl invention at a concentration of from 1% to 10% wit/wt, two having 1-29 carbon atoms. The alkyl, aryl or aralkyl groups glucosides in a concentration of from 2% to 10% wit/wt, US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 polyglycerol-2-dipolyhydroxy Stearate at a concentration of Polyderm PPI CO-40 (PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil/ from 5% to 8% wit/wt, about 5% wit/wt of a polyol, with the IPDI Copolymer) and Polyderm PPI-SI (Dimethiconol/IPDI balance of the composition being oil components selected Copolymer). from the group of linear hydrocarbons with a chain length of 0235. By structuring agent is meant an ingredient that 8 to 40 carbon atoms, esters, particularly esters formed by the improves or increases the hardness of an oil as measured by reaction of C-C fatty acids with C-C fatty alcohols, test methods well-known to those of skill in the art including Guerbet alcohols based on C-Cls fatty alcohols, and silicone drop point and penetration. compounds. The esters and linear hydrocarbons may be 0236. One or more plasticizers may be added to composi branched or unbranched, Saturated or unsaturated. In addition tions of the present invention to further modify spreadability to use as roll-ons, sprays, the above-described composition and other application characteristics of the composition. Plas may be used as an impregnating liquid for wet wipes. ticizers may be present at concentrations of from about 0.01% to about 20%, preferably about 0.05% to about 15%, and Transfer-Resistant Colored Makeup Compositions more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%. 0231. In one embodiment, the present invention is directed 0237 Cold process emulsions according to the present to a process for limiting and/or preventing the transfer of a invention may contain one or more Surfactants at a concen colored make-up composition from the lips or the skin, where tration of from about 0.01% to about 20%, preferably from the colored make-up composition is comprised of a CPFA of about 0.1% to about 15%, and more preferably from about the present invention, at least partially crosslinked, elasto 0.5% to about 10% by weight of the total composition. The meric organopolysiloxane, a fatty phase containing at least Surfactants may be amphoteric, anionic, cationic, or non one oil that is volatile at room temperature. Transfer resistant ionic. lipsticks preferably include a siloxysilicate polymer, prefer 0238 Amphoteric surfactants suitable for use in compo ably trimethylsiloxy silicate. The colored make-up composi sitions of the present invention include propionates, alky tion may be in the form of a foundation, a blush, an eye ldimethyl betaines, alkylamido betaines, sulfobetaines, imi shadow, a concealer, a lipstick, a lipstick topcoat (i.e., applied dazoline. over a base lipstick), and a tinted moisturizer, preferably 0239 Anionic surfactants suitable for use in compositions containing UV radiation absorbers or blocks. Tests for trans of the present invention include fatty alcohol sulfates, alpha fer-resistance are knownto those of skill in the art and include olefin Sulfonates, Sulfo Succinates, phosphate esters, carboxy the “Kiss Test” described in Example 4 of U.S. Pat. No. lates and sarcosinates. 0240 Cationic surfactants suitable for use in compositions 5,505,937. of the present invention include alkyl quaternaries, alylamido Additional Cosmetic Ingredients quaternaries, imidazoline quaternaries. 0241. Nonionic ionic surfactants suitable for use in com 0232. As will be appreciated by persons skill in the art, a positions of the present invention include alkanolamides, wide-range of water-immiscible materials may be added to ethoxylated amides, esters, alkoxylated alcohols, alkoxylated the cold process emulsions of the present invention, non triglycerides, alkylpolyglucosides, amine oxides, Sorbitan limiting examples of which include (i) non-volatile silicone esters and ethoxylates. fluids, preferably have a viscosity ranging of from about 20 to 0242 Surfactants may also be silicone surfactants includ 100,000 centistokes at 25°C.; (ii) nonvolatile hydrocarbon ing, but not limited, dimethicone copolyols, alkyl dimethi oils including, but not limited to, isoparaffins and olefins cone copolyols, silicone quaternary compounds, silicone having greater than 20 carbon atoms; (iii) cosmetically-ac phosphate esters and silicone esters. ceptable esters (as defined below); (iv) lanolin and derivatives thereof (V) glyceryl esters of fatty acids or triglycerides, Encapsulates derived from animal or vegetable sources; (vi) fluorinated oils including, but not limited to, fluorinated silicones, fluorinated 0243 The cold processing formulation aids of the present esters and perfluoropolyethers; and (vii) Guerbet esters invention may contain other materials embedded therein. formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with a Guerbet Encapsulation may be achieved by mixing other materials alcohol. with the required components of the cold processing aid of the 0233. As used herein, "cosmetically-acceptable ester present invention as taught herein. In one example, the other refers to compounds formed by the reaction of a mono-, di- or material(s) are mixed with the cold processing aid of the tri-carboxylic acid with an aliphatic or aromatic alcohol that present invention in a molten state, before it is atomized and are not irritating or sensitizing when applied to the skin. The cooled to create a solid wax particle. Non-limiting examples carboxylic acid may contain from 2 to 30 carbon atoms, and of materials that can be embedded inside the cold processing may be straight-chain or branched-chain, Saturated or unsat formulation aids of the present invention include, but are not urated. The carboxylic acid may also be substituted with one limited to, pigments, preservatives, fillers, active ingredients or more hydroxyl groups. The aliphatic or aromatic alcohol (either hydrophilic or lipophilic), polymers, fragrance ingre may contain 2 to 30 carbon atoms, may be straight-chain or dients (e.g., essential oils and aroma-producing chemicals of branched-chain, Saturated or unsaturated. The aliphatic or natural or synthetic origin), and mixtures thereof. aromatic alcohol may contain one or more Substituents Oil-in-Water Emulsions Containing High Molecular Weight including, for example, a hydroxyl group. Polysaccharides 0234 Among other things, the above-listed water-immis cible materials may provide emolliency. Other emollients 0244. In another embodiment, the CPFA described herein known in the art may be used, including urethane emollients is used in oil-in-water emulsions that are stabilized with and conditioners sold under the tradename Polyderm by Alzo polysaccharides, especially Xanthan, a poly(glucomannan), International, non-limiting examples of the latter including or both. US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

0245 U.S. Pat. No. 6,831,107 discloses that high molecu applied to mammalian hair or skin, compositions containing lar weight polysaccharides stabilize oil-in-water emulsions CPFAs of the present invention may be applied as a pro (O/W), without increasing the low-shear viscosity of the tectant, moisturizer, sealer, to household, industrial, hospital emulsion, and allows lower levels of emulsifiers to be used. and commercial hard Surfaces as well as to the exterior Sur However, this patent also discloses that use of anionic mate faces of automotive and marine vehicles, including tires and rials, e.g. anionic Surfactants, in combination with high wheels, recreational sports equipment, woven and non-wo molecular weight polysaccharides is highly disfavored ven fabrics. Protectant, moisturizer and/or sealer formula because, among other reasons, the ionic material impairs the tions within the scope of the present invention may be applied ability of the polysaccharide to stabilize the emulsion. Appli for example, to rubber, vinyl, plastic, leather, fabric, carpet cants have Surprisingly discovered that, despite the fact that ing. the CPFAs of the present invention include polymers having 0251. As used in the present application, by “protectant” is ionic or ionizable groups, the CPFAs are useful in oil-in meant a consumer or industrial product, preferably a spray, water emulsions that are stabilized with high molecular that coats the Surface to minimize the degradation of the weight polysaccharides. When a CPFA of the type described coated material due to environmental factors and provide a herein is used, high temperature is not required to form the durable and shiny appearance. The protectant spray may, and emulsion, provided that sufficient shear energy is Supplied. in certain embodiments does contain, either or both of (i) a 0246 For example the CPFA can be incorporated at low UV absorbing or reflecting/scattering compound known in temperature to provide rheology modification when higher the art and/or (ii) a cleansing agent (e.g., a surfactant). In viscosity products are desired. Emulsions made with CPFAS embodiments directed to cleansing agents, positively charged can be used as such in a personal care product, or they can be 'dirt particles' are entrained in the aqueous phase of an emul used to make articles, e.g. pads impregnated with Such a sion containing the CPFA of the present invention. Dirt is product. repelled from the surface while the wax within the emulsion 0247. Non-limiting examples of rheology modifiers that attaches to the “uncharged', now clean Surface. can be incorporated in CPFAs of the present invention 0252 CPFAs of the present invention may also be used in include: polyurethanes, acrylic polymers (as described furniture restoration, i.e., to fill cracks. above), latex, styrenefbutadiene; polyvinyl alcohol; clays, including attapulgite, bentonite (both flocculating and non Topical Hydro-Alcoholic Antiseptic flocculating), and other montmorillonite clays; cellulosic 0253) A topically-applied, hydro-alcoholic antiseptic polymers as mentioned above, including carboxymethylcel product, meeting the criteria of the Tentative Final Mono lulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellu graph for OTC Healthcare Antiseptic Drug Products (Jun. 17. lose; Sulfonates and salts thereof gums (as described above), including but not limited to, guar, Xanthan, cellulose, locust 1994), is illustrated below: bean, and acacia, Saccharides (as described above); proteins, OTC Antiseptic Example 1 including cassein, collagen, and albumin. All of the above rheology modifiers are preferably incorporated in the CPFAS (0254 Phase A Distilled Water (24%); Ethanol (70%) of the present invention at concentrations of from about 0.2% (0255 Phase B Cold Processing Aid of Present Invention to 2.0%. (6%) (Sunflower Wax, Polyacrylate Crosspolymer-6, sold 0248. In preferred embodiments of this aspect of the under the tradename CPWS-ZEN by Jeen International) invention, a CPFA, an emulsifier, and emulsion stabilizer (polysachamide) are blended to provide a dry product that can OTC Antiseptic Example 2 be dispersed in water and readily then made into emulsions at (0256 Phase A Distilled Water (26%); Ethanol (65%); low temperature. In these embodiments, it can be useful to use Amino Methyl Propanediol (1.0%); Glycerin 99.7% USP both high HLB and low HLB emulsifiers and optionally to (3.0%) include materials such as milling aids. Products according to (0257 Phase B Cold Processing Aid of Present Invention this embodiment can be made by dry blending Xanthan and (5%)(Sunflower Wax, Acrylates/Coso Alkyl Acrylate Cros polyglucomannan, emulsifiers and the CPFA and consolidat spolymer, sold under the tradename CPW-SUN21 by Jeen ing the blend, e.g. by extrusion, desirably at a temperature, International) Sufficient that one or more of the components (typically one 0258. The above OTC antiseptic product is prepared using or more of the emulsifiers are at least partly melted and can so a cold process formulation aid of the present invention by coat and/or bind the powder components especially the mixing at room temperature the ingredients of Phase A and polysaccharides), to form pellets and then milling the pellets Phase B separately, and then adding Phase B to Phase A. to a desired particle size. While less preferable with respect to Consistent with the above Tentative Final OTC Monograph, energy/heat consumption, the use of CPFAs to thicken an the level of alcohol in this product may be adjusted to between O/W emulsion as described in this embodiment may also be 60 and 95%. Each of the above formulation are non-drying useful in conventional heated emulsion processes. and leave a silky after feel. 0249. A typical composition for such a dry blend, in parts by weight, is as follows: xanthan (3 to 8% wt/wt); polyglu Biomaterials comannan (3 to % 8 wit/wt); olive wax 84 to 94% wt/wt. The 0259 Cold process formulation aids of the present inven ratio of Xanthan to polyglucomannan can be between 1:2 to tion may be used in the manufacture of biocompatible mate 2:1. rials, including, but not limited to, fillings, coatings, implants and 'scaffolding (i.e., to provide temporary Support and Surface Coatings/Protectants stability for damaged tissue and/or to provide a substrate for 0250 In addition to personal care applications, where growth of bone or tissue). The CPFA may include one or more compositions of the present invention containing CPFAS are crosslinked or photocurable (e.g., by ultraviolet light) func US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 20 tional groups. In one preferred embodiment, the CPFA bio water by volume, and 5% by weight of CPFA. The base can be material contains a polysaccharide backbone, for example, combined with the desired amount of pigment. The vehicle is chitosan as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,914,819. particularly useful with cobalt violet, viridian or cadmium red that tend to separate from the vehicle. Ceramics and Concrete 0266. In ink embodiments, the CPFA of the present inven 0260 Cold process formulation aids of the present inven tion is used as a flatting agent in conventional ink formula tion may be incorporated into concrete and ceramics, thereby tions to improve the Surface properties of the known ink or internally sealing the concrete or ceramic body composition paint formulations. with wax beads. Forceramics made by a dry grinding process, a Substantially dry, ceramic raw batch (also known as a 0267 As a non-limiting example of a printing ink within ceramic body composition) in a loose pulverant state (e.g., the scope of the present invention, a CPFA may be added to containing about 1% uncombined water with not more than the ink formulation in an amount of from about 3% to about 6% organic material) is admixed with a wax-water emulsion 14%, based on the total weight of the formulation. Use of the formed with one or more cold process formulation aids of the CPFA of the present invention allows the ink to be formulated present invention. The slurry is screened and spray dried to at relatively low temperature. Use of the CPFA of the present create a flowable mass of small globules of wax-bonded invention improves, among other things, bleed and rub-resis ceramic. The resulting wax-bonded ceramic material is tance of the ink. molded to form desired shapes that are then fired. Manufac turing methods based on admixing the cold process formula 0268. In a water-based paint, the CPFA of the present tion aid of the present invention into the ceramic raw batch are invention may be used at about 1% to about 6%, based on the advantageous because they allow for shaping offinished tiles, total weight of the paint. Inclusion of the CPFA of the present dinnerware or other ceramic articles without relying on the invention reduces gloss and improves the scratch and “black inherent plasticity of the ceramic body composition. Alterna heel” resistance of the dry paint. tively, cold process formulation aids of the present invention 0269 Internal sealing of concrete or ceramic tiles with may be added to a ceramic raw batch slurry in a wet grinding cold processing formulating aids of the present invention is process. The slurry is filtered, dried and fired. further illustrated by the following example. A portion of a wet (i.e., pourable) concrete mix is replaced with a cold Compositions for Decorative Application to a Surface process formulation aid of the present invention, in the form of a powder. The powder is mixed with other components of 0261. In other embodiments, the cold process formulation the concrete until it is well dispersed. The concrete is then aid of the present invention (“CPFA) can be used in the cured. After the desired strength is achieved, the concrete is manufacture of compositions, especially colored composi heated; this causes the powder to melt and flow into capillar tions, to be applied to decorate a Surface, for example crayons, ies and pores of the concrete. By way of further example, a water colors, and water-based inks and paints. concrete bridge deck having a depth of three inches and 0262. In crayon embodiments, the CPFA may be at vary conforming to standards promulgated by the Federal High ing concentrations (e.g., 10%, 50%, or 75%) with a conven way Administration is made by replacing about 8% of a tional crayon wax such as candle wax, and a pigment (typi concrete mix with a cold processing aid of the present inven cally 3% to 20%, by weight, of the total composition). The tion and heating the resulting mixture for approximately 5 to combination is heated until it melts into a homogeneous liq 9 hours. uid (about 40°C.). The mixture is then heated to about 82°C. The liquid combination is poured into a preheated mold of Cold Process Emulsion Formed from Dual-Chambered Dis crayon-shaped holes. Water (at about 13°C.) is used to cool penser or Kit the mold, forming crayons in from 3 to 9 minutes. Use of the 0270. A cold process formulation aid of the present inven CPFA of the present invention provides for improved disper tion, either in powder or paste, is stored in one side of dual sion of the pigment and Smoother transfer of the crayon chambered container. On the other side of the container is composition to the Surface to be decorated. separately stored an aqueous medium. The aqueous medium 0263. The CPFA of the present invention is advanta and cold process formulation aid are co-dispensed, forming geously used in formulating gum-arabic based water color an emulsion or hydrogel. paints to provide an improved more stable dispersion of the dye or pigment, and an improved Smoothness and texture 0271. A cold process formulation aid of the present inven when the water color is applied to the surface to be decorated. tion is admixed with an aqueous medium forming an aqueous Use of the CPFA of the present invention allows the water base, which is then stored in one side of dual-chambered color paint to be made at low temperature, especially at or container. On the other side of the container is separately about room temperature, allowing even heat sensitive dyes of stored a combination of non-aqueous ingredients (e.g., an oil pigments to be used in the water color. phase). The aqueous base and oil phase are co-dispensed, 0264. As a non-limiting example, a water color paint is forming an emulsion or hydrogel. made by combining water, gum arabic, pigment, optionally 0272. A kit is provided to a user comprising (i) a cold glycerin and/or PEG, and CPFA (at 2% to 10% by weight) at process formulation aid of the present invention product in a temperature not exceeding 35° C. When cooled to room the form of a powder (e.g., in an sealed aluminum Sachet) and temperature, the water color has a Smooth, easy flowing tex (ii) an aqueous medium and/or (iii) an oil phase. The user is ture, and can be applied with a minimum of drip or run. instructed to combine the powder with the aqueous medium 0265 A typical base (vehicle) for water color formulation or to combine distilled or tap water with the powder. The user formulation is as follows: 80% water soluble, waxy polyeth is then further instructed to add the oil phase, thereby creating ylene glycol, 4% stearyl alcohol, 6% polyhydric alcohol, 5% an emulsion of hydrogel. US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

Broad-Spectrum, Highly SPF Retaining Photoprotective being tested over the range of terrestrial solar UV wave Composition lengths (290 to 400 nm). More particularly, the spectrometer 0273. One aspect of the present invention is directed to a has input slits that provide a bandwidth that is less than or broad-spectrum photoprotective composition that retains a equal to 1 nm. A spectrometer with or without an integrating high percentage of the labeled SPF. sphere may be used. If the spectrometer is not equipped with 0274. By “highly SPF retaining” is meant that the photo an integrating sphere, an ultraviolet radiation diffuser con protective composition (e.g., Sunscreen perse, or moisturizer structed from any UV radiation transparent material (e.g., contain Sunscreen ingredients) retains at least 90% of its Teflon R or quartz) is placed between the sunscreen sample labeled SPF after irradiation for an ultraviolet radiation and the input optics of the spectrometer. Source producing from 2-6 minimal erythemal doses (42-36 A specified amount of a test product is uniformly distributed over the roughened side of the PMMA plate. The product mJ/cm). being tested is applied in series of small dots over the entire 0275. As used in the present application, a photoprotective PMMA plate, and then spread evenly using a gloved finger. composition provides “broad-spectrum photoprotection if it Spreading is done with a very light spreading action for meets the requirements for labeling an over-the-counter approximately 30 seconds, followed by spreading with (OTC) sunscreen drug product as “broad spectrum', under greater pressure for approximately 30 seconds. the FDA's Final 2012 Sunscreen Monograph entitled “Label 0280 Each plate is placed in a horizontal position (to ing and Effectiveness Testing; Sunscreen Drug Products for avoid flowing of the Sunscreen from one edge of the plate to Over-the-Counter Human Use' promulgated by the Food and the other) on the upper surface of a sample holder—a thin, flat Drug Administration (FDA) on Jun. 17, 2011. See 76 FR plate with a suitable aperture through which UV radiation can 35620 et seq. More particularly, a photoprotective composi pass—with the roughened side facing. The PMMA plate is tion according to the present invention has a critical wave mounted as close as possible to the input optics of the spec trometer to maximize capture of forward Scattered radiation. length of at least 370 nm, where critical wavelength is the The plate treated with the applied test product is first allowed wavelength at which the integral of the spectral absorbance to equilibrate for 15 minutes in the dark, and then undergoes curve reaches 90 percent of the integral over the UV spectrum a “pre-irradiation' step in which the sample is exposed to an from 290 to 400 nm, and, accordingly, provides “broad-spec erythemal effective dose of 800J/m (equivalent to 4 MEDs). trum’ protection from UV light across the terrestrial UV Next, transmittance values are measured and recorded at each spectrum. wavelength (i.e., at 1 nanometer intervals) over the entire UV 0276. The broad-spectrum nature of a photoprotective spectrum (290 to 400 nanometers). At least five transmittance product containing CPFAS of the present invention is con measurements are taken of the Sunscreen product of the firmed using optical-grade polymethyl-methacrylate present invention (“P”) are taken five different locations on (PMMA) plates, a solar simulator, and a spectrometer, each as the PMMA plate P1(0), P20), P30), P4(), and P50). An equal number of transmittance measurements are taken of a described below. control (“C”), PMMA plates coated with 15 microliters of 0277 PMMA plates are rectangular substrates for measur glycerin, with no Sunscreen product—C1(W), C2(W), C3(W), ing Sunscreen absorbance spectra. They have an area of at C4(a), and C5(W). least 16 Square centimeters (with no side shorter than 4 cm). 0281. The mean transmittance for each wavelength, is the and are “roughened on one side to emulate the Surface topog ratio of the mean of the C(O) values to the mean of the PO) raphy of human skin—expressed as a surface topography values. Mean transmittance values, are converted into mean measure (Sa) of between 2 and 7 micrometers. Commercially absorbance values, at each wavelength by taking the negative available PMMA plates suitable for use in measuring Sun logarithm of the mean transmittance value. The above calcu screen absorbance spectra, and thus determining whether a lations yield 111 monochromatic absorbance values in 1-na Sunscreen is broad spectrum and/or photostable, include the nometer increments from 290 to 400 nanometers. Schönberg sandblasted plate (Schonberg GmbH & Co. KG; 0282 Another aspect of the present invention is directed to Hamburg, Germany), the Helioscreen HD-6 molded plate, photoprotective compositions containing a CPFA comprising a benzone—specifically Dioxybenzone (also known as Ben (Helioscreen; Creil, France), and the "Skin-Mimicking Sub Zophenone-8). Oxybenzone (also known as BenZophenone-3, strate (Shiseido: Yokohama, Japan) as described in Miura et Eusolex 4360, Escalol 567) Sulisobenzone (also known as al., Photochem. Photobiol. 88: 475-482 (2012). 2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid, 0278. The solar simulator is a light source known in the art 3-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-6-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid, Ben that produces a continuous spectral distribution of UV radia Zophenone-4, Escalol 577) or dibenzoylmethane derivative tion from 290 to 400 nanometers, and has a particular selected from the group consisting of 2-methyl-dibenzoyl erythema-effective radiation contribution in the following methane: 4-methyldibenzoylmethane: 4-isopropyl-diben wavelengths ranges: less than 290 nm: less than 0.1%; from Zoylmethane: 4-tert-butyldibenzoylmethane (also known as Avobenzone, Parsol.R. 1789, Eusolex 9020); 2,4-dimeth 290 to 300 nm: 1.0 to 8.0%; from 290 to 310 nm: 49.0% to yldibenzoylmethane; 2,5-dimethyldibenzoylmethane: 4-tert 65.0%; from 290 to 320 nm: 85.0-90.0%; from 290 to 330 butyl-4'-methoxy-dibenzoylmethane: 4,4'-diisopropyl nm: 91.5 to 95.5%; from 290 to 340 nm: 94.0 to 97.0%; from dibenzoylmethane: 2-methyl-5-isopropyl-4- 290 to 400 nm: 99.9 to 100.0%. Calculation of erythema methoxydibenzoylmethane: 2-methyl-5-tert-butyl-4- action spectrum is set out at 21 CFRS.201.327(i)(1)(ii). methoxydibenzoylmethane: 2,4-dimethyl-4- 0279. The spectrometer is calibrated to accurately mea methoxydibenzoylmethane; and 2,6-dimethyl-4-tert-butyl Sure transmittance through the photoprotective composition 4'-methoxy-dibenzoylmethane. US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 22

Formulation Example 1 Formulation Example 3 CPW-EW1LP/CPW-2 Lotion (J2-56) CPW-CG-T Tanning Lotion (J2-85 MC) 0283 0285

A Deionized Water Water 78.0 A DIWater Distilled water 81.0 A Jeesperse Cetyl Alcohol, Sodium Jeen Int S.O A Jeesperse (R) Stearic Acid, Ceteareth-20, Jeen Int 7.0 CPW-CG-T Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyl CPW-EW1LP Cetyl Stearyl Alcohol, Dimethyl Taurate Sodium Polyacrylate Copolymer, Glyceryl A Jeesperse (R) CPW-2 Polyethylene, Sodium een Int 2.0 Stearate, Caprylic? Capric Polyacrylate Triglyceride A Triethanolamine Triethanolamine een Int 1.O B Dihydroxyacetone Dihydroxyacetone EMD 3.0 99% Chemical B Mineral Oil Mineral Oil Carnation 2.0 B Coconut Oil Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Jeen Int’l 2.O B Jeechem (RIPM sopropyl Myristate een Int 2.0 Oil B Jeesilic (R) PDS-350 Dimethicone een Int 2.0 B Jeesorb L-2ONF Polysorbate 20 Jeen Int 1.O B Glycerine 99% Glycerine een Int 1.O B Jeechem IPM sopropyl Myristate Jeen Int S.O B Vitamin EUSP DL-Alpha Tocopheryl een Int 0.4 B Jeechem (RBUGL Butylene Glycol Jeen Int 2.O Acetate B Jeesilic (R35C Dimethicone, Dimethicone Jeen Int’l 3.0 B Creamy Peach Fragrance Lenoci O.1 Crosspolymer-3 Fragrance B Jeecide (R) GII Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O B Safflower Oil Carthamus Tinctorius een Int O.S Diazolidinyl Urea, Methyl (Safflower) Seed Oil B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, een Int 1.O Paraben, Propyl Paraben Diazolidinyl Urea, Methyl Paraben, Propyl Paraben Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B and mix until homogenous. Add all ingredients from Phase A and mix until uniform. Add Phase B ingredients, one at the time and mix well until Formulation Example 4 homogenous. CPW-GCS Body Lotion (J7/51 A&B) Formulation Example 2 0286 CPW-EW-1 LP/CPW-2 Sunscreen (J2-60) A. DIWater Distilled Water 72.30 77.30 A. Glycerin 99 Glycerin Jeen Int 4.OO 4.OO 0284 A. TEA99 Triethanolamine Jeen Int O.7O O.70 B Jeesperse (R) Stearic Acid, Cetearyl Jeen Int’l 8.OO 8.00 CPW-GCS Alcohol, Glyceryl A DIWater Distilled Water 66.7 Stearate, PEG-100 A AMPD Amino Methyl Propanediol Angus 0.7 Stearate, Sodium A Jeesperse Stearic Acid, Ceteareth-20, Jeen Int 7.0 Polyacrylate CPW-EW1 LP Cetearyl Alcohol, Sodium C Mineral Oil Mineral Oil Carnation 8.00 S.OO Polyacrylate C Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone Jeen Int 4.OO 2.OO A Jeesperse (R) CPW-2 Polyethylene, Sodium een Int 2.0 PDS-100 Polyacrylate D Jeecide (R) G II Diazolidinyl Urea & Jeen Int 1.OO 1.OO B Glycerin 99.7% Glycerin een Int 2.0 Methylparaben & USP Propylparaben & B Cherry Vanilla Fragrance Lenoci O.1 Propylene Glycol Fragrance D Fragrance Fragrance 2.00 2.OO B Vitamin EUSP Dl-Alpha Tocopheryl een Int O.S Acetate B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene een Int 1.O Glycol, Diazolidinyl Add D.I. Water, glycerin and the TEA. Mix until uniform Urea, Methyl using low speed homogenizing agitation. Sprinkle in Phase B Paraben, Propyl Paraben ingredient and mix until the batch is smooth. Add Phase C C Sunscreen Blend een Int 2O.O ingredients one at a time to the batch and mix well using slow speed homogenization. Ad Phase Dingredients one at a time and mix with low speed homogenizing agitation. *The following FDA-approved sunscreens and Sunblocks may be used in Sunscreen blend: p-Aminobenzoic acid up to 15%; Avobenzone up to 3%; Cinoxate up to 3%; Dioxybenzone up to 3%; Homosalate up to 15%; Menthyl Formulation Example 5 anthranilate up to 5%; Octocrylene up to 10%; Octylmethoxycinnamate (Octi noxate) up to 7.5%; Octylsalicylate up to 5%: Oxybenzone up to 6%; Padimate 0 up to 8%; Phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid (Ensulizole) up to 4%; CPW-2+Jeesilcor 6056 (J8-23A) Sulisobenzone up to 10%; Titanium dioxide up to 25%; Trolamine salicylate up to 12%; Zinc oxide up to 25%. FDA regulations known to those of skill in the art further describe permitted ingredient combinations. Other sunscreens and 0287 Sunblocks are approved in countries outside the US and are Suitable for inclu Sion in compositions of the present invention. A. Jeesperse (R) CPW-2 Polyethylene, Jeen Int S.OO Combine DI Water with AMPD and mix until uniform. Add Sodium Polyacrylate Jeesperse's one at the time and mix until homogenous. Add A. DIWater Distilled Water 89.0 phase B and C ingredients and mix until uniform. US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

-continued Add Phase B to Phase A while mixing. Mix until homog COUS. A. Jeecide (R) CAP-5 Phenoxyethanol, Jeen Int 1.OO Caprylyl Glycol, Formulation Example 8 Potassium Sorbate, Water, CPW-S Hydrogel Paint (J9-67) Hexylene Glycol B Jeesilic (R) 6056 Dimethicone, Jeen Int S.OO 0290 Dimethiconol, Laureth-4, A Water Water 59.3 Laureth-23 A Shea Butter Shea (Butyrospermum een Int S.OO Parkii) Butter A Cocoa Butter Theobroma Cacao een Int 2.OO Combine Phase A. Combine Phase B. Combine Phase A and USP Deodorized (Cocoa. Seed Butter A Coconut Oil Cocos Nucifera een Int S.OO Phase B and mix until homogenous. (Coconut) Oil A Jeechem (R) CTG Caprylic Capric een Int S.OO Formulation Example 6 Triglyceride A Jeecide (R) CAP-5 Phenoxyethanol, Caprylyl een Int O.8O Glycol, Potassium CPW-S Hydrogel Paint (J 8-46) Sorbate, Water, Hexylene Glycol 0288 A Jeesilic (REM-90 Cetyl Peg Ppg-10 een Int 2.OO Dimethicone A PerformaV 825 Synthetic Wax Presperse 2.50 A. Water Water 60.6 B Jeesperse (R) CPW-S Sunflower Wax, een Int 4.OO A. Shea Butter Shea (Butyrospermum Jeen Int S.OO Sodium Polyacrylate Parkii) Butter C SW4OR7C Red 7 Kobo 1.OO A. Cocoa Butter Theobroma Cacao Jeen Int 2.OO C SW6OER Red Oxide Kobo S.OO USPDeodorized (Cocoa) Seed Butter C SW 55EB Black Oxide Kobo 140 A. Coconut Oil C. Mir Jeen Int S.OO C Mica Mica Kobo 3.00 Coconut) Oi A. Jeechem (R) CTG Caprylic Capric Jeen Int S.OO C KTZ Copper Micaca And Ironron OxidXe KobOO 3.00 Triglyceride C Superb Silver Mica And Titanium Kobo 1.OO A. Jeecide (R) CAP-5 Phenoxyethanol, Jeen Int O.8O Dioxide Caprylyl Glycol, Potassium Sorbate, Water, Hexylene Glycol Mix and heat Phase A to 70-75'C. Add Phase B mix until A. Jeesilic (REM-90 Cetyl Peg Ppg-10 Jeen Int’l 2.00 homogenous. Add Phase C mix until homogenous. Mix while A. Performa V 825 DimethiconeSynthetic Wax Presperse 2.50 cooking to room temperature. B Jeesperse (R) CPW-S Sunflower Wax, Jeen Int 4.OO Sodium Polyacrylate Formulation Example 9 C SW4OR7C Red 7 Kobo 6.50 C SW6OER Red Oxide Kobo O.8O C SWSSEB Black Oxide Kobo O.2O C Mica Mica Kobo 2.60 CPW-DGST1 (J8-79) C KTZ Ultrashimmer Mica And TiO2 Kobo 3.00 0291

Mix and heat Phase A to 70-75"C. Add Phase B mix until A Water Water 7O.O homogenous. Add Phase C mix until homogenous. Mix while A Jeesperse (R) Titanium Dioxide, Polyethylene, Jeen Int’l 18.0 cooking to room temperature. CPW-DGST1 Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Sodium Polyacrylate, Yellow Iron Oxide, Formulation Example 7 Red Iron Oxide, Black Iron Oxide B Jeechem (R) Isostearyl Neopentanoate Jeen Int 4.OO CPW Hydrogen Peroxide (J8-62/62A) ISNP B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone Jeen Int 3.SO PDS 5 0289 B Jeecide (R) Phenoxyethanol, Jeen Int 1.OO CAP-S Caprylyl Glycol, Potassium Sorbate, A Hydrogen Hydrogen Peroxide 90 90 Water, Hexylene Glycol Peroxide (3% Solution) C Mica Mica Kobo 2.6 B Jeesperse Polyethylene, Sodium Polyacrylate Jeen Int’l O 10 C BPD-SOO Trimethyl Hexylactone Kobo O.90 CPW-3 Crosspolymer (and) Silica US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 24

Mix Phase A. Mix Phase Buntil homogenous. Add Phase B to Mix Phase A to room temperature. Add Phase Buntil homog Phase A mix until homogenous. Add Phase C mix until COUS homogenous. Formulation Example 13 Formulation Example 10 CPW-EW1 LP Cool Cream (J9-72) 0295) CPW-S Mascara J8-87/8-88 CPW-S J8-87 Base

0292 A. DIWater Distilled water 78.0 A. Jeesperse (R) Stearic Acid, Jeen Int 1O.O CPW-EW1LP Ceteareth-20, A. Water Water 89.0 Cetyl Stearyl Alcohol, A. Jeesperse (R) CPW-S Heianthuss Annuus Jeen Int’l 10.0 Sodium Polyacrylate (Sunflower) Seed Wax, A. Triethanolamine Triethanolamine Jeen Int 1.O Sodium Polyacrylate 99% B Jeecide (R) CAP-5 Phenoxyethanol, Jeen Int 1.OO B Jeechem (RIPM Isopropyl Myristate Jeen Int 2.O Caprylyl Glycol, B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone Jeen Int 3.0 Potassium PDS-350 Sorbate, Water, B Glycerine 99% Glycerine Jeen Int 3.0 Hexylene Glycol B Sesame Oil Sesamun Indicum Seed Jeen Int 2.O Oil B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O Diazolidinyl Urea, Methyl Paraben, Formulation Example 11 Propyl Paraben CPW-S Mascara (J8-87 and J8-88) Mix Phase A to room temperature. Add Phase Buntil homog 0293 COUS

A Jeesperse (R) Water, Jeen Int 60.3 71.1 A. DIWater Distilled water 69.1 CPW-SJ8-87 Jeesperse CPW-S A. Jeesperse (R) Stearic Acid, Jeen Int 9.0 Base Jeecide (R) CAP-5 CPW-EW1LP Ceteareth-20, B LUVISET PUR Water, Polyurethane, BASF 30.7 Cetyl Stearyl Alcohol, Ethanol Sodium Polyacrylate B FA 4002 ID Isododecane, Silicone Dow — 17.4 A. Triethanolamine Triethanolamine Jeen Int O.9 Acrylate Corning 99% B Jeesilc (R) EM-90 Cetyl PEG/PPG-10 Jeen Int 1.OO B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O Dimethicone Diazolidinyl Urea, C Black Oxide 11 J2 Iron Oxide (77499), Kobo 9.OO 10.5 Methyl Paraben, Triethoxycaprylyl Propyl Paraben Silane B Sunscreen Blend Jeen Int 2O.O

Mix Phase A until homogenous. Add in Phase B and mix. Add Formulation Example 14 in Phase C and mix. CPW-EW1 LP Sunscreen (J9-74NJM) Formulation Example 12 0296 Mix Phase A to room temperature. Add Phase B until homogenous. CPW-3 Velvet Primer (J9-52A NJM) Formulation Example 15 0294 CPW-B Cool Lotion (J9-76B-NJM) 0297 A. DIWater Distilled water 75.O A. Jeesperse (R) Polyethylene, Sodium Jeen Int 6.O CPW-3 Polyacrylate A. DIWater Distilled water 76.O B Jeelux (RD2T Isohexadecane, Jeen Int S.O A. Jeesperse (R) Beeswax, Sodium Jeen Int 7.0 Dimethicone, Trisosteryl CPW-B Polyacrylate Citrate, Bis-Vinyl B Mineral Oil Mineral Oil Carnation 4.0 Dimethicone, Dimethicone B Jeechem (RIPM Isopropyl Myristate Jeen Int 2.O Copolymer B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone Jeen Int 3.0 B Jeesilic (R) Cetyl PEG/PPG-10 Jeen Int 2.0 PDS-350 EM-90 Dimethicone B Glycerine 99% Glycerine Jeen Int S.O B Jeesilic (R) PEG-8 Dimethicone Jeen Int 1.O B Sweet Almond Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Jeen Int’l 1.O DS-8 Oil (Sweet Almond) Oil B Jeechem (R) CTG CapryliciCapric Jeen Int 1O.O B Avocado Oil Persea Gratissina 1.O Triglyceride (Avocado) Oil B Jeecide (R) Phenoxyethanol, Caprylyl Jeen Int’l 1.O B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O CAP-S Glycol, Potassium Sorbate, Diazolidinyl Urea, Water, Hexylene Glycol Methyl Paraben, Propyl Paraben US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

Mix Phase A to room temperature. Add Phase Buntil homog- Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B until homog COUS. COUS.

Formulation Example 16 Formulation Example 18 CPW-P Cool Lotion (J9-79 NJM) CPW-BC Cool Cream (J9-77 NJM) 0300 0298 A. DIWater Distilled Water 82.O A. Jeesperse (R) Cetearyl Alcohol, Sodium een Int S.O A. DIWater Distilled Water 76.O CPW-P Polyacrylate, A. Jeesperse Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Jeen Int 1O.O Stearateh-20, CPW-BC Seed Butter, Beeswax, Polysorbate 60 Yellow Refined. Sodium B Sesame Oil Sesamun Indictim een Int 2.O s (Sesame) Seed Oil Polyacrylate B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone een Int 2.5 B Mineral Oil Mineral Oil Jeen Int 4.0 PDS-350 B Sweet Almond Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Jeen Int 1.O B Glycerine 99% Glycerine een Int 3.5 B Jeechem (R) sopropyl Myristate een Int 2.O Oil Sweet Almond) Oil IPM, NF B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone Jeen Int 3.0 B BP-Biopeptide Saccharomyces Botanicals 1.O PDS-350 SC Selenium Ferment Plus B Glycerine 99% Glycerine Jeen Int 2.0 B BP-Glucan MC Beta Glucan Banica S 1.O B Avocado Oil Persea Gratissina Jeen Int 1.O B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, een Int 1.O (Avocado) Oil Diazolidinyl Urea, B Jeechem (R) Isopropyl Myristate Jeen Int 2.0 Methyl Paraben, Propyl Paraben IPM, NF B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O Diazolidinyl Urea, Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B until homog Methyl Paraben, COUS. Propyl Paraben Formulation Example 19 Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B until homog- CPW-3 Sunscreen (J9-80B NJM) COUS. 0301 Formulation Example 17 A. DIWater Distilled water 69.0 A. Jeesperse (R) Polyethylene, Sodium Jeen Int 9.0 CPW-BC Cool Cream (J9-78 NJM) CPW-3 Polyacrylate A. Jeesilic (R) Cetyl PEG/PPG-10 Jeen Int 1.O EM-90 Dimethicone 0299 B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O Diazolidinyl Urea, A. DIWater Distilled Water 74.O Methyl Paraben, A. Jeesperse Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) een Int 1O.O Propyl Paraben CPW-BC Seed Butter, Beeswax, B Sunscreen Avobenzone (9.2%), Jeen Int 2O.O Yellow Refined, Sodium Blend Homosalate (46.6%), Polyacrylate Octisalate (17.5%), B Mineral Oil Mineral Oil een Int 4.0 Octocrylene (8.6%) B Sweet Almond Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis een Int 1.O Oil (Sweet Almond) Oil B :s Dimethicone een Int 3.0 Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B until homog B Glycerine 99% Glycerine een Int 2.0 COUS. B Avocado Oil Persea Gratissina een Int 1.O

B Jeechem (R) Isopropyl(Avocado) Myristate Oil een Int 2.0 Formulation Example 20 IPM, NF B BP-Biopeptide Saccharomyces Botanicals 1.O CPW5-PVPK-30 Lifting Skin Renewal (J9-84B) SC Selenium Ferment Plus B BP-Glucan MC Beta Glucan Botanicals 1.O 0302) Plus B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, een Int 1.O Diazolidinyl Urea, - - - - - Methyl Paraben A. DIWater Distilled water 88.0 Propyl Paraben s A. Jeesperse (R) Polyethylene, Jeen Int 1O.O CPW5-PVPK-30 Polyvinylpyrrollidone, Sodium Polyacrylate US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

-continued Mix Phase A. Add Phase B until homogenous. Add Phase C and mix. B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O Diazolidinyl Urea, Formulation Example 23 Methyl Paraben, CPW-2 110 Lotion (J10-12B) Propyl Paraben py 0305 B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone Jeen Int 1.O PDS-1 A. DIWater Distilled water 80.0 A. Jeesperse (R) Polyethylene, Sodium Jeen Int 1O.O CPW-2 Polyacrylate Mix Phase A. Mix Phase Buntil homogenous. Add Phase B to B Jeechem (RIPM Isopropyl Myristate Jeen Int 2.O Phase A mix until homogenous. B Glycerine 99% Glycerine Jeen Int 3.0 B Sesame Oil Sesamun Indicum Seed Jeen Int 2.O Oil Formulation Example 21 B Jeesile (R) (R) 110 Dimethicone Jeen Int 2.O B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O Diazolidinyl Urea, CPW-BC Natural Hydrogel Cream (J9-90 NJM) PropylMethyl ParabenParaben, 0303 Mix Phase A to room temperature. Add Phase Buntil homog COUS. A. DIWater Distilled water 76.O A. Jeesperse (R) Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Jeen Int’l 1O.O Formulation Example 24 CPW-BC Seed Butter, Beeswax, Yellow Refined, Sodium Polyacrylate LV-CPW Spray Lotion (J10-45JM) A. Coconut Oil Cocos Nucifera Oil Jeen Int 3.0 A. Shea Butter Butyrospermum Parkii Jeen Int S.O (0306 Butter B Jeechem (R) CTG CapryliciCapric Jeen Int S.O Triglyceride A. Deionized Water 90.0 B Jeecide (R) Phenoxyethanol, Jeen Int 1.O Water CAP-S Caprylyl Glycol, A. Jeesperse Cetyl Alcohol, Sodium Jeen Int 1.5 Potassium Sorbate, CPW-CG-T Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyl Water, Dimethyl Taurate Hexylene Glycol Copolymer, Glyceryl Stearate A. Jeechem (RISP Isostearyl Palmitate & Jeen Int 2.O Triisosteary Citrate Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B until homog- A. Jeesperse fini, In, Jeen Int O.S COUS. CPW-S (Sunflower) Seed Wax, A. Jeesperse Heianthus Annuus Jeen Int O.S CPW-S (Sunflower) Seed Wax, Formulation Example 22 2-Propenoic Acid, Homopolymer B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone, Jeen Int 3.0 CPW-EW 1LP 110 Lotion (J10-11D) DMC-153 Dimethiconol B Jeesorb L-20 Polysorbate 20 Jeen Int 1.9 0304 B JeecideT (RGII TOPropylene Glycol, JeenT Int O.8 Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B until homog A. DIWater Distilled water 78.O COUS. A. Triethanolamine Triethanolamine Jeen Int 1.O 99% A. Jeesperse (R) Stearic Acid, Jeen Int 1O.O Formulation Example 25 CPW-EW1LP Ceteareth-20, Cetyl Stearyl Alcohol, HV-CPW Spray Lotion (J10-45A JM) Sodium Polyacrylate B Jeechem (RIPM Isopropyl Myristate Jeen Int 2.0 0307 B Glycerine 99% Glycerine Jeen Int 3.0 B Sesame Oil Sesamin Indicum Seed Jeen Int 2.0 Oil B Jeesilic (R) 110 Dimethicone Jeen Int 2.0 A. Deionized Water 90.0 B Baby Powder Fragrance 1.O Water Scent A. Jeesperse Cetyl Alcohol, Sodium Jeen Int 2.O B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O CPW-CG-T Acrylate Sodium Acryloyl Diazolidinyl Urea, Dimethyl Taurate Methyl Paraben, Copolymer, Glyceryl Propyl Paraben Stearate A. Jeechem (RISP Isostearyl Palmitate & Jeen Int 2.O Triisostearyl Citrate US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

-continued Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B until homog COUS. A. Jeesperse Heianthus Annuus Jeen Int O.S CPW-S (Sunflower) Seed Wax, iCE, Acid, A. DIWater Distilled water 68.0 Homopo ymer A. eesperse (R) Theobroma Cacao een Int 6.50 B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone, Jeen Int 3.0 CPW-BC (Cocoa) Seed Butter, DMC-153 Dimethiconol Yellow Beeswax, B Jeesorb (R) Polysorbate 65 Jeen Int 1.7 Sodium Polyacyrlate STS-20 A. PVPK-30 Polvinylpyrrollidone SP 3.SO B Jeecide R. GII Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int'l O.8 A BTD 11S2 Titanium Dioxide (AND) Kobo 4.OO Diazolidinyl Urea, Triethoxycaprylylsilane Mety parts. B eecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, een Int O.SO Propyl Paraben Diazolidinyl Urea, Methyl Paraben, Propyl Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B until homog- B eecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, een Int O.SO COUS. Diazolidinyl Urea, Methyl Paraben, Formulation Example 26 Propyl Paraben B eesilic (R) Dimethicone een Int 4.OO PDS-1 LV-CPW Spray Lotion (J10-45BJM) B Mica Mica Kobo 4.OO 0308 B interfine Green Mica and Titanium Kobo 7.50 Dioxide

A. Deionized Water 90.0 Water Formulation Example 28 A. Jeesperse (R) Cetyl Alcohol, Sodium Jeen Int 1.5 CPW-CG-T Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyl Dimethyl Taurate CPW-BC Eye Shadow (J11-37) Copolymer, Glyceryl Stearate 0310 Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B and A. Jeechem (RISP Isostearyl Palmitate & Jeen Int 2.0 homogenize. Trisostearyl Citrate A. Jeesperse Heianthus Annuus Jeen Int 0.4 CPW-S (Sunflower) Seed Wax, Formulation Example 29 2-Propenoic Acid, Homopolymer CPW-S SunScreen (J 11-53 NJM) B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone, Jeen Int 3.0 DMC-153 Dimethiconol 0311 B Jeesorb (R) Polysorbate 65 Jeen Int 2.0 STS-20 B Jeecide (R) GII E. Jeen Int'l O.8 A DIWater Distilled Water 68.0 Methyl Paraben,y s A. Jeesperse (R) Sunflower Wax, Sodium Jeen Int 1O.O P Parab CPW-S Polyacrylate ropy Faraben A. Jeesilic (R) Cetyl Peg Ppg-10 Jeen Int 1.O EM-90 Dimethicone Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B until homog- B Jeecide 8 G-II DiazolidinylPropylene Glycol, Urea, Jeen Int’l 1.0 COUS. Methyl Paraben, Propyl Paraben Formulation Example 27 B Sunscreen Blend Jeen Intl 20.0

CPW-5 Cream ((J11-2 NJM) Mix Phase A to room temperature. Add Phase Buntil homog 0309 COUS. Formulation Example 30 A. DIWater Distilled Water 8O.S A. CPW-5Jeesperse (R) PolyacrylatePolyethylene, Sodium Jeen Int S.O CPW-BC Eye Shadow (J11-83 NJM) B Coconut Oil Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Jeen Int 3.0 Oil 0312 B Avocado Oil Persea Gratissina Jeen Int 3.0 (Avocado) Oil B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone Jeen Int 2.0 A. DIWater Distilled Water 66.5 PDS-350 A. Jeesperse Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Jeen Int 3.0 B Glycerine 99% Glycerine Jeen Int 3.5 CPW-BC Seed Butter, Beeswax, B Jeechem (R) Isopropyl Myristate Jeen Int 2.0 Yellow Refined, Sodium IPM, NF Polyacrylate B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O A. Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone (and) Cetyl Jeen Int 7.0 Diazolidinyl Urea, DMBF PEGPPG-10 Dimethicone Methyl Paraben, Aqua Base (and) Bis-Vinyl Propyl Paraben Dimethicone? Dimethicone Copolymer US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 28

-continued -continued

eesilic (R) Dimethicone een Int 4.0 B Jeesperse Heianihuix Annuus Jeen Int 3.5 CPW-SUN21 (Sunflower) Seed Mineral Oil een Int O.S Wax and Acrylates Colso Polvinylpyrrollidone SP 4.0 Alkyl Crosspolymer Titanium Dioxide (and) Kobo 2.0 Triethoxycaprylylsilane eecide (R) GII Propylene Glycol, een Int 1.O Mix Phase A to room temperature. Add Phase Buntil homog Diazolidinyl Urea, COUS. Methyl Paraben, Propyl Paraben Formulation Example 33 KobomicaL-25 Mica 3.0 KTZ Shimmer Mica And Titanium S.O Dioxide CPW-S Natural Hydrogel (11-38NJM) Bismuth Oxychloride 2.0 Magenta And Mica And Carmine 0315 B Diamond Red Mica And Titanium 1.O Rose Dioxide And Carmine And Tin Oxide And DIWater Water 76.O Methicone Jeesperse (R) Sunflower Wax, Sodium Jeen Int 6.OO B eesilic (R) Peg-12 Dimethicone 1.O CPW-S Polyacrylate DMC 19-3 Shea Butter Shea (Butyrospermum Jeen Int S.OO Parkii) Butter Safflower Carthamus Tinctorius Jeen Int 2.OO Mix Phase A until homogenous. Add in Phase B and mix. Oil (Safflower) Seed Oil Coconut Oil Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Jeen Int S.OO OIL Formulation Example 31 Jeechem (R) CTG Caprylic Capric Jeen Int S.OO Triglyceride CPW-CG-T Creamy Sunscreen (J11-84 NJM) B Jeecide (R) Phenoxyethanol, Jeen Int 1.OO CAP-S Caprylyl Glycol, 0313 Potassium Sorbate, Water, Hexylene Glycol A. DIWater Distilled Water 56.0 Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase Band mix until A. Jeesperse Cetyl Alcohol, Sodium Jeen Int 4.0 CPW-CGT Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyl homogenous. Dimethyl Taurate Copolymer, Glyceryl Formulation Example 34 Stearate A. Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone, Bis-Vinyl Jeen Int 9.0 DMBF DimethiconefDimethicone CPW-CG-T Moisture Lotion (J11-92 NJM) Copolymer 0316 B Jeesperse C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, Jeen Int 17.0 TSOTN Titanium Dioxide, Triethoxycaprylylsilane, Castor Oil Phosphate A. Deionized Water 83.0 B Jeeesperse Zinc Oxide USP Jeen Int 7.0 Water ZO-6SOP (and) Dimethicone(and) A. Jeesperse (R) Cetyl Alcohol, Sodium Jeen Int Octyl Palmitate CPW-CGT Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyl B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone Crosspolymer Jeen Int 2.0 Dimethyl Taurate 3D-S 3, Cyclomethicone Copolymer, Glyceryl B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone, Jeen Int 4.0 Stearate, CapryliciCapric DMC-153 Dimethiconol Triglyceride B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O A. Glycerin Glycerin Jeen Int Diazolidinyl Urea, A. Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone Jeen Int Methyl Paraben, PDS 350 Propyl Paraben B Jeesilic (R) 110 Dimethicone Jeen Int 4.5 B Jeecide (R) GII Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int O.S Diazolidinyl Urea, Add all ingredients from Phase A and mix until uniform. Add Methyl Paraben, Phase B ingredients, one at the time and mix well until Propyl Paraben homogenous Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B until homog Formulation Example 32 COUS CPW-Sun21 Anti-Bacterial (J11-88B NJM) Formulation Example 35 0314) CPW-CG-T Eye Shadow (J11-95 NJM) 0317 DIWater Distilled water 30 SDA 40 Ethanol 63 AMPD Amino Methyl Propanediol Angus O.S A. DIWater Distilled Water 68.5 Glycerin Glycerin Jeen Int 3.0 A. Jeesperse (R) Cetyl Alcohol, Sodium Jeen Int 3.0 99.7% USP CPW-CG-T Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyl US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 29

-continued Mix Phase A at Room temperature. Add Phase B mix until homogenous. Dimethyl Taurate Copolymer, Glyceryl Stearate, Caprylic? Capric Formulation Example 37 Triglyceride A. eesilic (R) Dimethicone (and) Cetyl Jeen Int 6.O DMBF PEGPPG-10 Dimethicone CPW-BC Lip Paint (J12-25B) Aqua Base (and) Bis-Vinyl Dimethicone Dimethicone Copolymer 0319 A. eesilic (R) Dimethicone een Int 4.0 PDS1 A. Mineral Oil Mineral Oil een Int O.S A. Water Water 56.2 A. PVPK-30 Polvinylpyrrollidone SP 4.0 A. Jeesperse Theobroma Cacao Jeen Int 1O.O A. BTD 11S2 Titanium Dioxide (AND) Kobo 2.0 CPW-BC (Cocoa) Seed Butter, A. Erlethoxyprylylsilane A. Jeesperse Theobroma Cacao Jeen Int 1O.O eecide (R) GII ropylene Glycol, een Int 1.O CPW-BC (Cocoa) Seed Butter, Diazolidinyl Urea, Methyl Paraben, Beeswax, Yellow Propyl Paraben Refined, Sodium B Kobomica L-25 MICA Kobo 3.0 Polyacrylate B KTZ. Bronze Mica and Titanium Kobo S.O A. Shea Butter ..., seOspermum een Int S.O Dioxide ariki) Butter B Chromatique Mica and Iron Oxide impact 2.0 A. Coconut Oil Cocos Nucifera een Int 4.0 Cupreous Color (Coconut) Oil Brown A. Jeechem (R) CTG Caprylic? Capric een Int 4.0 B El Dorado Mica and Iron Oxide impact 1.O Triglyceride Wine Red Color A. Sesame Oil Sesamun Indictim een Int 2.O (Sesame) Seed Oil A. Jeecide (R) GII Propylene Glycol, een Int 1.O Mix Phase A at room temperature. Add Phase B until homog- Diazolidinyl Urea, COUS. Methyl Paraben, Propyl Paraben A. Stevia Eupatorium Fabrichem O.1 Formulation Example 36 Rebaudianum Bertoni C Leaf Extract CPW-BC Lip Paint (J 1 2-25) A. yul, Fragance ragance O.1 ace Scent Resources A. Jeesilic (R) Cetyl PEG/PPG-10 een Int 2.O 0318 EM-90 Dimethicone B Performa V 825 Synthetic Wax New Phase 2.5 B SW4OR7C Synthetic Wax/Red 7 Kobo 6.5 A Water Water 61.2 B SW6OER Synthetic Wax/Red Kobo O.8 A. Jeesperse Theobroma Cacao Jeen Int S.O Oxide CPW-BC (Cocoa) Seed Butter, B SWSSEB Synthetic Wax Black Kobo O.2 Beeswax, Yellow Refined, Sodium Oxide Polyacrylate A. Shea Butter Shea (Butyrospermum een Int S.O A. Coconut Oil Parkii)Cocos NuciferaButter een Int 4.0 Mix Phase A at Room temperature. Add Phase B mix until (Coconut) Oil homogenous. A. Jeechem (R) CTG CapryliciCapric een Int 4.0 A. Jeechem (R) CTG CapryliciCapric een Int 4.0 Triglyceride Formulation Example 38 A. Sesame Oil Sesamin Indictim een Int 2.0 (Sesame) Seed Oil A. Jeecide (R) GII Propylene Glycol, een Int 1.O CPW-2-Crosspolymer Cream (J12-27 NJM) Diazolidinyl Urea, Methyl Paraben, Propyl Paraben 0320 A. Stevia Eupatorium Fabrichem O.1 Rebatidianum Bertoni C Leaf Extract A. DIWater Distilled Water 87.O A. Vanilla Fragance Fragance O.1 A. Jeesperse (R) Polyethylene, Sodium Jeen Int 1O.O Lace Scent Resources CPW-2- Polyacrylate, A. Jeesilic (R) Cetyl Peg Ppg-10 een Int 2.0 Crosspolymer Dimethicone? EM-90 Dimethicone Vinyl Dimethicone B Performa V 825 Synthetic Wax New Phase 2.5 Crosspolymer B SW4OR7C Synthetic Wax/Red 7 Kobo 6.5 B Jeesilic (R) Dimethicone Jeen Int 2.0 B SW6OER Synthetic Wax/Red Kobo O.8 PDS-350 (Polydimethylsiloxane) Oxide B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Glycol, Jeen Int 1.O B SWSSEB Synthetic Wax Black Kobo O.2 Diazolidinyl Urea, Oxide Methyl Paraben, B Mica Mica Kobo 2.6 Propyl Paraben US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

Mix Phase A to room temperature. Add Phase Buntil homog Mix Phase A to room temperature. Add Phase Buntil homog COUS. COUS. Formulation Example 41 Formulation Example 39 CPW-2-Crosspolymer Cream (J12-27C NJM) 0323 CPW-2-Crosspolymer Cream (J12-27ANJM) A DIWater Distilled water 87.O 0321 A Jeesperse (R) CPW- Polyethylene, Sodium Jeen Int 1O.O 2-Crosspolymer Polyacrylate, Dimethicone? Vinyl Dimethicone A DIWater Distilled Water 87.O Crosspolymer A Jeesperse (R) CPW Polyethylene, Sodium Jeen Int 1O.O B Jeesilic (R) PDS 1.0 Dimethicone Jeen Int B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Jeen Int 2-Crosspolymer Polyacrylate, Dimethicone? Glycol, Diazolidinyl Vinyl Dimethicone Urea, Methyl Paraben, Crosspolymer Propyl Paraben B Jeesilic (RDMC-153 Dimethicone, Dimethiconol Jeen Int’l 2.0 B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Jeen Int 1.O Mix Phase A to room temperature. Add Phase Buntil homog Glycol, Diazolidinyl COUS. Urea, Methyl Paraben, Propyl Paraben Formulation Example 42 CPW-S Mascara (J8-87 and J8-88) 0324

A Water, Jeen 20 40 Sunflower Wax (and) Sodium Int Polyacrylate (Jeesperse (R) CPW-S) Hexylene Glycol, Caprylyl Glycol, Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate, Phenoxyethanol. (Jeecide (R) CAP-5) B Water, Polyurethane, Ethanol 30.7 B Isododecane, Silicone Acrylate 17.4 C Cetyl PEG/PPG-10 Dimethicone Jeen — 100 Add water or other Int aqueous medium to C Iron Oxide (77499), Triethoxycaprylyl 9.00 10.5 Phase A and mix. Silane Add in Phase B and mix. Add in Phase C and mix.

Mix Phase A to room temperature. Add Phase Buntil homog Formulation Example 41 COUS. Antioxidant Emulsion (Cream) from CPFA Concentrate Incorporating All Ingredients (Jeesperse Formulation Example 40 CPW-2/JAW/AOX,C) CPW-2-Crosspolymer Cream (J12-27B NJM) 0325

0322 A CPFA Concentrate (INCI: Water, Polyethylene, 40% Dimethicone, IoSopropyl Isostearate, Sodium Polyacrylate, Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate, Phenoxyethanol B Water 60% A DIWater Distilled water 87.O A Jeesperse (R) Polyethylene, Sodium Jeen Int 1O.O CPW-2- Polyacrylate, Dimethicone? Add Phase A to a mixing vessel. Start mixing. Add Phase B to Crosspolymer Vinyl Dimethicone Phase A while mixing. Water temperature can be less than the Crosspolymer melt point of the CPW-2/JAW/AOX.C. Mix until uniform. B Jeesilc (R). DMBF Dimethicone, Bis-Vinyl Jeen Int 2.0 Formulation Example 42 Dimethicone Dimethicone Copolymer, Antioxidant Emulsion (Cream) with CPFA B Jeecide (R) G-II Propylene Jeen Int 1.O Concentrate (Jeesperse CPW-2/JAW.U) Glycol, Diazolidinyl 0326 Urea, Methyl Paraben, Propyl Paraben A. CPFA Concentrate - Water, Polyethylene, Sodium 30% Polyacrylate, Phenoxyethanol US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 31

-continued melt point of the Jeesperse CPW-EW-1LP/JAW.U. Add Phase C while mixing. Add Phase D to increase viscosity. Mix until Dimethicone 3% uniform. Isopropyl IsoStearate 296 Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate 196 s Water 64% Formulation Example 45 CPFA Anionic Add Phase A to a mixing vessel. Start mixing. Add Phase B to Phase A while mixing. Water temperature can be less than the 0330 melt point of the Jeesperse CPW-2/JAW.U. Mix until uni form. Water 89% Isopropyl IsoStearate 59 Formulation Example 43 CPFA (50% Polyacrylate; 30%, Isopropyl Isostearate; 1.0% 20% Polyglyceryl-3 Stearate) Body Cream from CPFA Concentrate Containing All Caprylic Capric Triglyceride 4% Ingredients (Including Neutralizer) (Jeesperse Phenoxyethanol 196 CPW-EW-1LP/JAWN) 0327 Formulation Example 45

A CPFA Concentrate - Water, Stearic Acid, Ceteareth-20, 30% CPFA Cationic Cetearyl Alcohol, Dimethicone, Carbomer, TEA, Phenoxyethanol (Commercially available Jeesperse 0331 CPW-EW-1 LP/JAW, N-C B Water 70% Water 70% Isopropyl IsoStearate 59% Add Phase A to a mixing vessel. Start mixing. Add Phase B to Dimethicone 10% Phase A while mixing. Water temperature can be less than the CPFA (40% Polquarternium 37; 50% Isopropyl Isostearate; melt point of Jeesperse CPW-EW-1 LP/JAW.N. Mix until uni 10% Polyglyceryl-3 Stearate) form. Caprylic CapricTriglyceride 4% Glycerine 2% Phenoxyethanol 190 Formulation Example 44 Body Cream form CPFA Concentrate (Including Neutralizer) (Jeesperse CPW-EW-1 LP/JAWN-U) Formulation Example 46 0328 CPFA Gum 0332 Water, Stearic Acid, Ceteareth-20, Cetearyl Alcohol, 27% Carbomer, TEA, Phenoxyethanol (Jeesperse CPW-EW-1 LP/JAW, N-U) Water 70% A. Dimethicone 3% Isopropyl IsoStearate 59 B Water 70% Dimethicone 6% CPFA (30% Sodium Alginate; 60% Isopropyl Isostearate; 5% Sorbitan Stearate; 5% Polyglyceryl-3 Stearate) Add Phase A to a mixing vessel. Start mixing. Add Phase B to Caprylic Capric Triglyceride 4% Phase A while mixing. Water temperature can be less than the Glycerine 6% melt point of the Jeesperse CPW-EW-1LP/JAW.N. Mix until Phenoxyethanol 196 uniform. Formulation Example 44 Formulation Example 47 Body Cream form CPFA Concentrate (No Emulsion/Hydrogel Formed without Mixing or Neutralizer) (Jeesperse CPW-EW-1LP/JAWU) Heating 0329 0333 Certain CPFAs can be used to form a hydrogel/ emulsion without mixing. For example, a CPFA can be com Water, Stearic Acid, Ceteareth-20, Cetearyl Alcohol, 27% bined with an ester and a silicone to coat a powder (mica in the Carbomer, Phenoxyethanol present example). In this Example 47, all of the Phase A (Jeesperse CPW-EW-1 LP/JAW, U) ingredients are combined—for example, with a ribbon Dimethicone 3% blender. A water phase (Phase B) can be added on top of this Water 69% paste. Thereafter, iron oxide and other pigments (e.g., TiO, Triethanolamine 196 and ZnO) can be added to the paste, to create a color cosmetic product. Alternatively, the paste can be pressed into a con Add Phase A to a mixing vessel. Start mixing. Add Phase B to tainer and applied with a wet applicator (e.g., brush), or Phase A while mixing. Water temperature can be less than the extruded into a pencil. US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 32

We claim: Phase Ingredient % wtfwt 1. A cold process formulation aid in the form of a flake, A Mica 10% slab, powder, a paste, a semi-solid, or a slurry consisting A. Isopropyl Myristate 10% essentially of A Dimethicone 9% (i) a polymer having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality A Phenoxyethanol 190 of pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or A CPFA (30% Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyl Dimethyl Taurate Copolymer; 25% Glycol Stearate; ionizable groups, or pendant groups having at least one 25% Cetyl Alcohol; 10% Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride; permanent dipole that includes an acid, alcohol, thiol, 10% Glyceryl Stearate)* ester, amine, amide, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety, and A Butylene Glycol 20% (ii) a wax selected from the group consisting of natural B Water 40% waxes and synthetic waxes, wherein if the wax is not *Available from Jeen International under the tradename Jeesperse (RICE-T-LB-T-NS. micronized and is not self-emulsifying, the ratio, by weight, of the non-micronized wax to the polymer hav ing an aliphatic backbone is from about 60:40 to 80:20, Formulation Examples 48 and 49 and if the wax is a micronized wax or a self-emulsifying wax, the ratio, by weight, of wax to polymer backbone is Hand Sanitizer 70:30 to 98:2, 0334 Examples 48 and 49 illustrate two topical, hydroal wherein when mixed with an aqueous medium, the cold pro coholic formulations that can be used as an antimicrobial cess formulation aid forms a hydrogel or an emulsion. hand sanitizer. Both formulations use a CPFA of the present 2. The cold process formulation aid of claim 1 wherein the invention containing 35% Cetearyl Alcohol, 35% PEG-150 pendant groups are ionic pendant groups that are alkali metal Distearate, and 30% Polyduaternium 37. Both of these for or ammonium carboxylate groups. mulations are made by mixing Phase A ingredients, and then 3. The cold process formulation aid of claim 1 wherein the adding Phase B ingredients, mixing until homogenous. No polymer having an aliphatic backbone is the Sodium salt of heating is required. poly(acrylic acid) or Stearic acid. 4. The cold process formulation aid of claim 1 wherein the Formulation Example 48 pendant groups are ionizable pendant groups that are car boxyl groups. 0335) 5. The cold process formulation aid of claim 1 wherein the pendant groups include an ester moiety. 6. The cold process formulation aid of claim 5 wherein the Phase Ingredient % wtfwt ester moiety is analkoxy carbonyl group, carboxylate groups, A. Water 41 and the alkyl groups thereof have 10 to 30 carbon atoms. A. Ethanol 40 A. Glycerin 9 7. The cold process formulation aid of claim 1 wherein the B CPFA (35% Cetearyl Alcohol: 35% PEG-150 9 polymer having an aliphatic backbone is poly(vinyl pyrroli Distearate; and 30% Polyguaternium 37) done) or a polyduaternium or behentremonium chloride. B Phenoxyethanol 1 8. The cold process formulation aid of claim 7 wherein the polymer is a polyduaternium selected from the group consist ing of Polyduaternium 7 and Polyduaternium 37. Formulation Example 49 9. The cold process formulation aid of claim 1 wherein the wax is a natural wax selected from the group consisting of 0336 Sunflower wax, candelilla wax, olive wax, and carnauba wax. 10. The cold process formulation aid of claim 1 wherein the wax is a synthetic wax selected from the group consisting of Phase Ingredient % wtfwt polyethylene, glyceryl monostearate, paraffin, and polyglyc A. Water 41 eryl-3 stearate. A. Ethanol 40 A. Glycerin 9 11. The cold process formulation aid of claim 1 wherein the B CPFA (35% Cetearyl Alcohol: 35% PEG-150 5 wax is a micronized wax, having a mean particle size from 5 Distearate; and 30% Polyguaternium 37) to 50 microns. B Phenoxyethanol 1 12. A cold process formulation aid in the form of a powder, B Fragrance/perfume 4 a paste, a semi-solid, or a slurry consisting essentially of (i) a polymer having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality 0337. While particular embodiments of the present inven of pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or tion have been illustrated and described, those skilled in the ionizable groups, or pendant groups having at least one art can readily make changes and modifications to these permanent dipole that includes an acid, alcohol, thiol, embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of ester, amine, amide, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety, and the invention. Accordingly, it is not intended that the scope of (ii) a wax selected from the group consisting of natural the claims appended hereto be limited to the examples and waxes and synthetic waxes, wherein if the wax is not descriptions set forth hereinabove but rather that the claims be micronized and is not self-emulsifying, the ratio, by construed as encompassing all the features of patentable nov weight, of the non-micronized wax to the polymer hav elty which reside in the present invention, including all fea ing an aliphatic backbone is from about 60:40 to 80:20, tures which would be treated as equivalents thereof by those and if the wax is a micronized wax or a self-emulsifying skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. wax, the ratio, by weight, of wax to polymer backbone is US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014

70:30 to 98:2, wherein when mixed with an aqueous (iv) pouring the eutectic mixture from step (iii) onto a medium, the formulation aid forms a hydrogel or an chilled surface having a temperature from about -10°C. emulsion. to about 10°C., producing a eutectic, cold-process for wherein when mixed with an aqueous medium at a tempera mulation aid in the form of a solid wax, or wax-like ture not exceeding the melt point of the wax component of the Substance; cold process formulation aid or the melt point of the cold wherein if the wax is not micronized and is not emulsifying, process formulation aid itself, the cold process formulation the ratio, by weight, of the non-micronized/non-emulsifying aid forms a hydrogel or an emulsion. wax to the polymer having an aliphatic backbone is from 13. The cold process formulation aid of claim 12 wherein about 60:40 to 80:20, and if the wax is a micronized wax or a the pendant groups are ionic pendant groups that are alkali emulsifying wax, the ratio, by weight, of wax to polymer metal or ammonium carboxylate groups. backbone is 70:30 to 98:2; and 14. The cold process formulation aid of claim 12 wherein wherein when mixed with an aqueous medium, the eutectic, the polymer having an aliphatic backbone is the Sodium salt cold-process formulation aid forms a hydrogel or an emul of poly(acrylic acid) or Stearic acid. S1O. 15. The cold process formulation aid of claim 12 wherein 27. The method for producing a eutectic, cold-process the pendant groups are ionizable pendant groups that are formulation aid according to claim 26 wherein carboxyl groups. (a) in step (i), two waxes, a first wax and a second wax, are 16. The cold process formulation aid of claim 12 wherein combined and the two waxes are heated to a temperature the pendant groups include an ester moiety. that is at least about 5°C. above the higher of (x) the melt 17. The cold process formulation aid of claim 16 wherein point of the first wax and (y) the melt point of the second the ester moiety is an alkoxy carbonyl group, carboxylate wax, and groups, and the alkyl groups thereof have 10 to 30 carbon (b) in step (ii), after addition of the polymer having an atOmS. aliphatic backbone with a plurality of pendant ionic or 18. The cold process formulation aid of claim 12 wherein ionizable groups thereon, the two waxes and the poly the polymer having an aliphatic backbone is poly(vinyl pyr mer are mixed together, while heating to a temperature rolidone) or a polyduaternium or behentremonium chloride. of at least about 5° C. above the higher of (x) the melt 19. The cold process formulation aid of claim 18 wherein point of the first wax, (y) the melt point of the second the polymer is a polyduaternium selected from the group wax, or (Z) the softening point of the polymer. consisting of Polyduaternium 7. Polyduaternium 10, and 28. The method for producing a eutectic, cold-process Polyduaternium 37. formulationaid according to claim 26 wherein in step (ii), two 20. The cold process formulation aid of claim 12 wherein polymers having an aliphatic backbone with a plurality of the wax is a natural wax selected from the group consisting of pendant ionic or ionizable groups thereon, a first ionic/ioniz Sunflower wax, candelilla wax, olive wax, and carnauba wax. able polymer and a second ionic/ionizable polymer, are 21. The cold process formulation aid of claim 12 wherein mixed with the wax, while heating to a temperature of at least the wax is a synthetic wax selected from the group consisting about 5° C. above the higher of (XX) the melt point of the wax, of polyethylene, glyceryl monostearate, paraffin, and polyg (yy) the Softening point of the first ionic/ionizable polymer, or lyceryl-3 stearate. (ZZ) the Softening point of the second ionic/ionizable poly 22. The cold process formulation aid of claim 12 wherein C. the wax is a micronized wax, having a mean particle size from 29. The method for producing a eutectic, cold-process 5 to 50 microns. formulationaid according to claim 27 wherein in step (ii), two 23. The cold process formulation aid of claim 12 wherein polymers having an aliphatic backbone with a plurality of when mixed with an aqueous medium at a temperature not pendant ionic or ionizable groups thereon, a first ionic/ioniz exceeding 30° C., the cold process formulation aid forms a able polymer and a second ionic/ionizable polymer, are hydrogel or an emulsion. mixed with the two waxes, while heating to a temperature of 24. The cold process formulation aid of claim 1 further at least about 5° C. above the higher of (aa) the melt point of containing a polymer having a polysaccharide backbone. the first wax, (bb) the melt point of the second wax, (cc) the 25. The cold process formulation aid of claim 12 further softening point of the first ionic/ionizable polymer, or (dd) the containing a polymer having a polysaccharide backbone. softening point of the second ionic/ionizable polymer. 26. A method for producing a eutectic, cold-process for 30. A cold process formulation aid that is directly soluble in mulation aid comprising the sequential steps of: a cosmetically-acceptable ester or a Caprylic/Capric Triglyc (i) adding a wax to a vessel, heating the wax to a tempera eride without a petroleum-derived solvent, the cold process ture that is at least about 5°C. above the melt point of the formulation aid consisting essentially of wax, mixing the wax until a homogenous batch of mol (a) a polymer having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality ten wax is achieved; of pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or (ii) adding a polymer having an aliphatic backbone with a ionizable groups, or pendant groups having at least one plurality of pendant ionic or ionizable groups thereonto permanent dipole that includes an acid, alcohol, thiol, the batch of molten wax from step (i), mixing the wax ester, amine, amide, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety; and and polymer together, while heating to a temperature of (b) a self-emulsifying wax, at least about 5°C. above the higher of (a) the melt point wherein the ratio of (a) the polymer having an aliphatic back of the wax or (b) the softening point of the polymer, until bone and a plurality of pendant groups thereon that are pen a homogenous eutectic mixture is produced; dant ionic or ionizable groups thereof to (b) self-emulsifying (iii) cooling the eutectic mixture from step (ii) to a tem wax is from 2:3 to 9:1. perature of about 5°C. above the congealing point of the 31. The cold process formulation aid of claim 30 wherein eutectic mixture; the polymer having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of US 2014/0336308A1 Nov. 13, 2014 34 pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable ionizable groups thereof to the (b) self-emulsifying wax to (c) groups is a polyacrylic acid, a polyacrylate, a polycacrylate the cosmetically-acceptable ester or Caprylic/Capric Triglyc copolymer, a polyacrylate crosspolymers, or a salt thereof. eride is from about 5:30:65 to about 70:15:15. 32. The cold process formulation aid of claim 31 wherein 37. The cold process formulation aid of claim 36 wherein the self-emulsifying wax is a polyglyceryl ester. the ratio of (a) the polymer having an aliphatic backbone and 33. The cold process formulation aid of claim 30 wherein a plurality of pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or the polymer having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of ionizable groups thereof to the (b) self-emulsifying wax to (c) pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable the cosmetically-acceptable ester or Caprylic/Capric Triglyc groups is a polyguaternium. eride is about 60:10:30. 34. The cold process formulation aid of claim 33 wherein 38. The cold process formulation aid of claim 35 wherein the self-emulsifying wax is a polyglyceryl ester. the polymer having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of 35. A cold process formulation aid that does not include a pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable petroleum-based solvent and consists essentially of groups is a polyacrylic acid, a polyacrylate, a polycacrylate (i) a polymer having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality copolymer, a polyacrylate crosspolymers, or a salt thereof. of pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or 39. The cold process formulation aid of claim 38 wherein ionizable groups, or pendant groups having at least one the self-emulsifying wax is a polyglyceryl ester. permanent dipole that includes an acid, alcohol, thiol, ester, amine, amide, imide, imine, or nitrile moiety; 40. The cold process formulation aid of claim 35 wherein (ii) a self-emulsifying wax, and the polymer having an aliphatic backbone and a plurality of (iii) a cosmetically-acceptable ester or a Caprylic/Capric pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or ionizable Triglyceride. groups is a polyguaternium. 36. The cold process formulation aid of claim 35 wherein 41. The cold process formulation aid of claim 40 wherein the ratio of (a) the polymer having an aliphatic backbone and the self-emulsifying wax is a polyglyceryl ester. a plurality of pendant groups thereon that are pendant ionic or k k k k k