SAFE SCIENCE Science Safety for Schools

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

SAFE SCIENCE Science Safety for Schools BREVARD PUBLIC SCHOOLS SAFE SCIENCE Science Safety for Schools SUMMER 2015 BREVARD PUBLIC SCHOOLS DR. DESMOND BLACKBURN, SUPERINTENDENT SCHOOL BOARD OF BREVARD COUNTY Educational Services Facility 2700 Judge Fran Jamieson Way Viera, Florida 32940-6601 SCHOOL BOARD MEMBERS Amy Kneessy, Chairman Karen Henderson, Vice Chairman Misty Belford John Craig Andrew Ziegler SUPERINTENDENT Dr. Desmond Blackburn DIVISION OF CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION ASSOCIATE SUPERINTENDENT Ms. Cyndi VanMeter AREA SUPERINTENDENTS Dr. Laura Rhinehart Ms. Jane Cline Dr. Mark Mullins Brevard Public Schools - Safe Science 2015 Acknowledgments SCIENCE SAFETY TASK TEAM SUMMER 2015 Mary Anderson West Shore Jr/Sr High School Jeff Higginbotham Rockledge High School Scott McCord Cocoa Beach Jr/Sr High School Debbie Minor Eau Gallie High School Raul Montes Cocoa High School Richard Regan Stone Middle School Lisa Scott Satellite High School Ginger Davis High School Science Resource Teacher Special Thanks to the Following for Their Contributions to Prior Documents Jean Almeida Bayside High School Andrea Crowley Merritt Island High School Dana Franklin Jefferson Middle School Jana Gabrielski Suntree Elementary Caroline Kent Rockledge High School John Latherow Satellite High School Deborah Marston Space Coast Jr/Sr High School Maggie Molledo Brevard Public Schools Gary Wolfe Eau Gallie High School Morgan Woodard Viera High School Brevard Public Schools – Safe Science 2014 i Table of Contents Table of Contents Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. Brevard Public Schools - Safe Science .............................................................................. 1 Laboratory Safety ............................................................................................................... 2 Lesson Plans .................................................................................................................... 2 Teacher Responsibility ................................................................................................... 2 Science Lab Safety Equipment ...................................................................................... 3 Personal Protection Equipment ..................................................................................... 4 Aprons ........................................................................................................................... 4 Gloves ........................................................................................................................... 4 Eye protection ............................................................................................................... 4 Hearing protection ........................................................................................................ 5 Safe Laboratory Attire ................................................................................................... 5 Shoes ............................................................................................................................. 5 Clothing......................................................................................................................... 5 Contact lenses ............................................................................................................... 5 Long hair ....................................................................................................................... 5 Jewelry .......................................................................................................................... 5 Emergencies in Science Laboratories ............................................................................... 6 Chemical Spills ............................................................................................................. 6 Chemical Fires .............................................................................................................. 7 Clothing/Body Fire ....................................................................................................... 7 Chemical Splash to Eye ................................................................................................ 7 Chemical Spill on Body ................................................................................................ 7 Poisoning....................................................................................................................... 8 Safety Concerns ................................................................................................................... 8 Biotechnology and Microorganisms .............................................................................. 8 Guidelines ..................................................................................................................... 8 Conducting Gel Electrophoresis – ................................................................................ 9 Staining DNA.............................................................................................................. 10 Chemicals ....................................................................................................................... 10 Acetone ....................................................................................................................... 10 Acids and Bases .......................................................................................................... 10 Antibiotics ................................................................................................................... 10 Benedict’s Qualitative Solution .................................................................................. 10 Biuret Reagent ............................................................................................................ 10 Bleach ......................................................................................................................... 10 Buffer Solutions .......................................................................................................... 10 Dry Ice and Liquid Nitrogen ....................................................................................... 10 Fehling’s Solutions A and B ....................................................................................... 11 Hydrogen Peroxide ..................................................................................................... 11 Iodine Solutions .......................................................................................................... 11 Limewater ................................................................................................................... 11 Magnesium .................................................................................................................. 11 Nitric Acid .................................................................................................................. 11 Petroleum Ether .......................................................................................................... 11 Plant Growth Hormones ............................................................................................. 11 Potassium Hydroxide .................................................................................................. 11 ii Table of Contents Radioactive Materials ................................................................................................. 12 Sodium Hydroxide ...................................................................................................... 12 Solar Studies ............................................................................................................... 12 Solvents ....................................................................................................................... 12 Stains ........................................................................................................................... 12 Triethylamine (requires approval) .............................................................................. 12 Dissections ...................................................................................................................... 12 Philosophy................................................................................................................... 12 Safety Guidelines for Dissection ................................................................................ 13 Specimen-Animal Waste Disposal Process Checklist ................................................ 14 Specimen Recommendations ...................................................................................... 15 Field Studies/Trips ........................................................................................................ 16 Laboratory Equipment ................................................................................................. 17 Microwave Ovens ....................................................................................................... 17 Centrifuges .................................................................................................................. 17 Compressed Gas Cylinders ......................................................................................... 17 Electrical Equipment/Electricity ................................................................................. 18 Glassware ...................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • MAKIMOUSSE COMPOSITION INCI Name SODIUM POLYACRYLATE STARCH
    MAKIMOUSSE COMPOSITION INCI Name SODIUM POLYACRYLATE STARCH TEXTURING AGENT TEXTURING AGENT TEXTURING AGENT SELF-REGULATING SELF-REGULATING SELF-REGULATING RHEOLOGICAL RHEOLOGICAL RHEOLOGICAL AGENT AGENT AGENT SMOOTH SILKY BULKY SILKY SILKY MOUSSE = NON MOUSSE = NON NON MAKIMOUSSE CHOCOLATE MAKIMOUSSE CHANTILLY MAKIMOUSSE FASTER STICKY 25 STICKY STICKY 12 MOUSSE 7 SWELLING AFTERFEEL MOUSSE AFTERFEEL AFTERFEEL TYPE TYPE MATTE SMOOTH SMOOTH FROSTED FROSTED GLOSSY GEL GEL WAVE TYPE GEL swelled hand mixer swelled hand mixer swelled hand mixer 1% gels were prepared by different methods (swelling, by hand, with a mixer): Low shear achieves frosted aspect, high shear reduces frosted aspect with immediate ultimate volume Influence of shear on the gel formation: aspect and spreadability 0,5% gels were poured into a mould. The aspect was observed 5 minutes after demoulding: swelled hand mixer swelled hand mixer swelled hand mixer Particle size 100µm 100µm 100µm Mean particle size = 25 µm Mean particle size = 12 µm Mean particle size = 7 µm Formulation Gel formation MAKIMOUSSE CONVENTIONAL • Swells in water witout agitation or by manual or THICKENER mechanical stirring • pH: stable over a pH range of 4 to 10 • Alcohols: compatible up to 40% with ethanol • Salts: swelling capacity decreases in presence of salts. A higher polymer concentration is required to reach the same Water viscosity compared to a salt-free medium. Water • Urea: compatible • Surfactants: compatible with anionics and nonionics but only up to 1% with cationic, (higher polymer concentration
    [Show full text]
  • Biocompatible Non-Covalent Complexes of Chitosan and Different Polymers: Characteristics and Application in Drug Delivery
    Arh. farm. 2020; 70: 173 – 197 Review article/Pregledni rad Biocompatible non-covalent complexes of chitosan and different polymers: characteristics and application in drug delivery Ana Ćirić1*, Danina Krajišnik1, Bojan Čalija1, Ljiljana Đekić1 1 University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia *Corresponding author: Ana Ćirić, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The formulation of biocompatible drug carriers based on cationic biopolymer chitosan and natural or synthetic polymers represents an important research interest. Therefore, this review aims to perceive their potential in drug delivery. The most investigated chitosan-based polymer blends are polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) obtained by establishing ionic interactions with biocompatible polyanions as alginates, pectin, xanthan gum, carrageenan, carboxymethylcellulose, and collagen. Depending on the preparation conditions, PECs could be prepared in versatile forms including membranes/films, hydrogel beads, nanoparticles, and microparticles, to achieve controlled (e.g., extended, delayed, colon-specific and pH-dependent) drug delivery. PECs can encapsulate hydrophilic and lipophilic drug substances with different molecular weights. Drug encapsulation allows the preservation of their structure, activity, improvement in absorption efficiency, reduction in adverse effects and long-term stability in vitro and in vivo. The biocompatible structures as non-covalent chitosan-based complexes could be formed also by establishing hydrogen bonds, for example with poly(vinyl alcohol). The swelling of these complexes is not pH-dependent and encapsulated drug substances are often released by already known types of diffusion. Moreover, grafted chitosan derivatives (e.g., carboxymethyl chitosan, trimethyl chitosan, acrylated chitosan) are synthesized to improve water solubility at a wide pH range and enhance the encapsulation capacity of promising PEC-based drug carriers.
    [Show full text]
  • Old Time Chemical Names
    Old Time Chemical Names 1080------------------------------------------------Sodium fluroacetate 2-Propanone-------------------------------------Acetone Absinthe-------------------------------------------Distillate of worm wood Abstinthium--------------------------------------Distillate of worm wood Acarcia gum-------------------------------------Gum arabic Acetaldehyde------------------------------------Acetic aldehyde Acetate of alumina-----------------------------Aluminium acetate Acetate of ammonia---------------------------Ammonium acetate Acetate of amyl---------------------------------Amyl acetate Acetate of baryta-------------------------------Barium acetate Acetate of cobalt-------------------------------Cobalt acetate Acetate of copper------------------------------Copper acetate Acetate of ethyl---------------------------------Ethyl acetate Acetate of iron----------------------------------Iron acetate Acetate of lead----------------------------------Lead acetate Acetate of lime----------------------------------Calcium acetate Acetate of manganese------------------------Manganous acetate Acetate of oxide of ethyl---------------------Ethyl acetate Acetate of potassa-----------------------------Potassium acetate Acetate of potassium--------------------------Potassium acetate Acetate of protoxide of Manganese-------Manganous acetate Acetate of soda---------------------------------Sodium acetate Acetate of zinc----------------------------------Zinc acetate Acetic aid basic bismuth---------------------Bismuth subacetate CH3COOBiO Acetic
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Sodium Polyacrylate and Potassium Polymer on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Different Flue-Cured Tobaccos W.X
    Bulgarian Chemical Communications, Volume 50, Issue 2, (pp. 315 –323) 2018 Effects of sodium polyacrylate and potassium polymer on growth and physiological characteristics of different flue-cured tobaccos W.X. Huang*, Z.Z. Wei, G.Y. Niu, Y.J Zhang, H.F. Shao* College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China Received January 14, 2018; Accepted February 7, 2018 To investigate water retention effects and physiological regulation mechanism of water-retaining agents on the growth and development of different flue-cured tobacco varieties, a pot experiment was conducted using ‘Yuyan 6’ and ‘Yuyan 10’ to study the effects of sodium polyacrylate and potassium polymer on the agronomic characteristics, the root activity, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline in the leaves of flue-cured tobaccos. The results were as follows. (1) The application of water-retaining agents increased the plant height, the stem diameter, the number of effective leaves, the maximum leaf area and the root activity of flue-cured tobaccos and the effects were more significant for Yuyan 10 of relatively poor drought resistance. (2) The activity of SOD, POD and CAT of flue-cured tobaccos treated with water-retaining agents was reduced to different extents. (3) The application of water-retaining agents lowered the MDA content of flue-cured tobaccos but the effects were more significant for Yuyan 10 of relatively poor drought resistance. (4) The application of water-retaining agents decreased the proline content of flue-cured tobaccos under drought conditions, but the decrease of proline content in Yuyan 6 was larger than that in Yuyan 10.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Abietic Acid R Abrasive Silica for Polishing DR Acenaphthene M (LC
    1 abietic acid R abrasive silica for polishing DR acenaphthene M (LC) acenaphthene quinone R acenaphthylene R acetal (see 1,1-diethoxyethane) acetaldehyde M (FC) acetaldehyde-d (CH3CDO) R acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal CH acetaldoxime R acetamide M (LC) acetamidinium chloride R acetamidoacrylic acid 2- NB acetamidobenzaldehyde p- R acetamidobenzenesulfonyl chloride 4- R acetamidodeoxythioglucopyranose triacetate 2- -2- -1- -β-D- 3,4,6- AB acetamidomethylthiazole 2- -4- PB acetanilide M (LC) acetazolamide R acetdimethylamide see dimethylacetamide, N,N- acethydrazide R acetic acid M (solv) acetic anhydride M (FC) acetmethylamide see methylacetamide, N- acetoacetamide R acetoacetanilide R acetoacetic acid, lithium salt R acetobromoglucose -α-D- NB acetohydroxamic acid R acetoin R acetol (hydroxyacetone) R acetonaphthalide (α)R acetone M (solv) acetone ,A.R. M (solv) acetone-d6 RM acetone cyanohydrin R acetonedicarboxylic acid ,dimethyl ester R acetonedicarboxylic acid -1,3- R acetone dimethyl acetal see dimethoxypropane 2,2- acetonitrile M (solv) acetonitrile-d3 RM acetonylacetone see hexanedione 2,5- acetonylbenzylhydroxycoumarin (3-(α- -4- R acetophenone M (LC) acetophenone oxime R acetophenone trimethylsilyl enol ether see phenyltrimethylsilyl... acetoxyacetone (oxopropyl acetate 2-) R acetoxybenzoic acid 4- DS acetoxynaphthoic acid 6- -2- R 2 acetylacetaldehyde dimethylacetal R acetylacetone (pentanedione -2,4-) M (C) acetylbenzonitrile p- R acetylbiphenyl 4- see phenylacetophenone, p- acetyl bromide M (FC) acetylbromothiophene 2- -5-
    [Show full text]
  • Superabsorbent Polymers
    www.scifun.org Superabsorbent Polymers Absorbers and super absorbers If you spill a drink, your first impulse is probably to grab one or more paper napkins or paper towels to soak up, or absorb, the liquid. If the spill is large, several paper towels will be needed. Even a “quicker-picker-upper” can absorb only a small amount of liquid, before it is saturated (has absorbed all it can). What makes materials more or less absorbent in the first place? The answer is in their chemistry. We can harness the chemistry of polymers to build a better absorber: a super absorber. The word “polymer” means “many parts” (from the Greek: poly = many, meros = parts). A chemical polymer is a molecule made of many repeating units, monomers (mono = one, meros = parts), linked together through chemical bonds. It is useful to think of polymers as chains – a good analogy is a chain of paperclips (the monomers), Figure 1. Polymers are very versatile. They can form materials that are rigid like plastic water bottles or materials that are flexible, like plastic grocery bags. Note that polymeric materials are often called “plastics”. Figure 1. A chain of paperclips linked end-to-end like the individual molecules (monomers) that are chemically bonded to form a chemical polymer chain. Some polymers occur naturally. The most common polymer on Earth, cellulose, is a polymer of glucose molecules and is made (as a result of photosynthesis) by essentially every green plant. Cellulose forms part of a plant’s rigid structures, the wood in a tree trunk, for example.
    [Show full text]
  • Life Cycle Assessment of Bio-Based Sodium Polyacrylate Production from Pulp Mill Side Streams: Case Study of Thermo-Mechanical and Sulfite Pulp Mills
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Chalmers Publication Library Life cycle assessment of bio-based sodium polyacrylate production from pulp mill side streams: Case study of thermo-mechanical and sulfite pulp mills Paul Gontiaa, Matty Janssena,∗ aEnvironmental Systems Analysis, Department of Energy and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Goteborg,¨ Sweden Abstract Sodium polyacrylate (Na-PA) is a super absorbent polymer, which is commonly used in diverse hygiene products. The polymer is currently produced from fossil feedstock and its production consequently leads to adverse environmental impacts. Na-PA production from sugars present in pulp mill side streams can potentially be a successful way to achieve a more sustainable production of this polymer. In order to guide the development of a novel biochemical process for producing Na-PA, a life cycle assessment was done in which Na-PA produced from side streams of thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP) and sulfite pulp mills were compared. Furthermore, a comparison was made with Na-PA produced from fossil resources. The results show that the main determinant of the environmental impact of the bio-based Na-PA production is the free sugar content in the side streams. The lowest environmental impact is achieved by the least diluted side streams. More diluted side streams require larger amounts of energy for concentration, and, if the diluted streams are not concentrated, processes such as hydrolysis and detoxification, and fermentation are the environmental hotspots. Furthermore, the higher the yield of the fermentation process, the lower the environmental impact will be.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Reagents Their Purity & Tests
    CHEMICAL REAGENTS THEIR PURITY AND TESTS A NEW AND IMPROVED TEXT BASED ON AND REPLACING THE LATEST EDITION OF KRAUCH ' DIE PRUFUNG DER CHEMISCHEN REAGENTIEN AUF REINHEIT' BY E. MERCK AUTHORIZED TRANSLATION BY HENRY SCHENCK, A.B. (HARVARD) LONDON ARCHIBALD CONSTABLE & CO., LTD. 10 ORANGE STREET, LEICESTER SQUARE, W.C. ••' 1907 DR. As long ago as the early seventies 1 fell, (ho need of a treatise on Chemical Reagents, and thought of compiling such a. work. I was I hen an assistant in Mir chemical laboratory of the (Jovernment Agricultural Kxporiment Station at. Minister, and in my chemical work (here met with constant difficulties on account, of the great variations in the chemicals which were graded as *'(•. I\M "puriss," cic. If was my aim to fix uniform standards for such chemicals as are used in analytical work, such standards to define closely the decree of purity of the chemicals and yet to be possible of attainment, in practice by the manufacturer. Not until ISSN, however, did my work in this direction take the tangible form of a. book, " I)ic l*ntvjuu<j dcr (1hvun~ srhcti h't'(t(fcntic?i ituj licinlicil.'1 A second revised and enlarged edition was published in lN'.M. In INiMi a. third edition, carefully revised and still further enlarged, was pub- lished. Since thai time a ^ood many changes have taken place, so that my book ajcain needed revision. As I was unable to undertake this work, Mr. 10. Merck, appreciating the usefulness of such a. work as mine, published in MM).r) what might be considered its up-to-date revision.
    [Show full text]
  • Sodium Polyacrylate Superabsorbent Polymers SCIENTIFIC
    Sodium Polyacrylate Superabsorbent Polymers SCIENTIFIC Introduction Water from one cup is poured into an “empty” cup (actually containing sodium polyacrylate) and the water “disappears!” Concepts • Polymers • Osmosis • Superabsorbents • Industrial chemistry Materials Sodium polyacrylate, 0.5 g Styrofoam® cups or other opaque containers, 2 Distilled or deionized water, 100 mL Safety Precautions Sodium polyacrylate is nontoxic. However, it is irritating to the eyes and also to nasal membranes if inhaled. Wear chemical splash goggles whenever working with chemicals, heat or glassware. Sodium polyacrylate is an obvious choice for student pranks. Be careful students do not have access to sodium polyacrylate outside of chemistry class. Please review current Material Safety Data Sheets for additional safety, handling, and disposal information. Pre-Lab Preparation Before the students come into the room, place 0.5 g of sodium polyacrylate in one of the Styrofoam cups. Procedure 1. Add approximately 100 mL of distilled or deionized water to the second Styrofoam cup. 2. Tell the students that the water will “disappear” when poured into the other cup. (You can tip the cup forward some- what to show that it is “empty”; it will be difficult to see the 0.5 g of sodium polyacrylate against the white Styrofoam cup.) 3. Slowly pour the water into the cup containing sodium polyacrylate. Swirl the cup a bit (give the sodium polyacrylate time to absorb the water). 4. Tip the cup downward slightly to show the students that the water has “disappeared”! (Don’t turn the cup upside down, or you may dump the jelly-like mass on the floor!) Disposal Please consult your current Flinn Scientific Catalog/Reference Manual for general guidelines and specific procedures, and review all federal, state and local regulations that may apply, before proceeding.
    [Show full text]
  • Safety Data Sheet the Dow Chemical Company
    SAFETY DATA SHEET THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY Product name: ACULYN™ 2051 Rheology Modifier Issue Date: 03/11/2021 Print Date: 03/25/2021 THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY encourages and expects you to read and understand the entire (M)SDS, as there is important information throughout the document. We expect you to follow the precautions identified in this document unless your use conditions would necessitate other appropriate methods or actions. 1. IDENTIFICATION Product name: ACULYN™ 2051 Rheology Modifier Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use Identified uses: Rheology modifier COMPANY IDENTIFICATION THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY 2211 H.H. DOW WAY MIDLAND MI 48674 UNITED STATES Customer Information Number: 800-258-2436 [email protected] EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBER 24-Hour Emergency Contact: CHEMTREC +1 800-424-9300 Local Emergency Contact: 800-424-9300 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Hazard classification GHS classification in accordance with the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) Not a hazardous substance or mixture. Other hazards No data available 3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Chemical nature: Organic compound emulsion This product is a mixture. Component CASRN Concentration ® ™ Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company ("Dow") or an affiliated Page 1 of 15 company of Dow Product name: ACULYN™ 2051 Rheology Modifier Issue Date: 03/11/2021 Sodium polyacrylate 9003-04-7 >= 20.0 - <= 29.0 % Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane 541-02-6 >= 7.0 - <= 10.0 % Ethoxylated branched C11-14, C13-rich 78330-21-9 >= 3.0 - <= 4.0 % alcohols 4. FIRST AID MEASURES Description of first aid measures General advice: If potential for exposure exists refer to Section 8 for specific personal protective equipment.
    [Show full text]
  • Circular of the Bureau of Standards No. 26
    DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR Circular Bureau of Standards ANALYZED IRON AND MANGANESE ORES METHODS OF ANALYSIS WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1910 / / * -z « DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR Circular OF THE Bureau of Standards S. W. STRATTON, Director No. 26 ANALYZED IRON AND MANGANESE ORES METHODS OF ANALYSIS [1st Edition] Issued June 2 5, IOIO WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1910 $ d) 1 ANALYZED IRON AND MANGANESE ORES—METHODS OF ANALYSIS CONTENTS Page. I. Introduction 3 1. Mixing 4 2. Drying 4 3. Reagents 4 4. Apparatus 5 II. Methods of analysis at the Bureau of Standards . 5 1. Silica 5 2. Phosphorus 5 3. Aluminum 6 (a) Phosphate (Peters’s) method 6 ( b Ether separation 6 (c) Phenylhydrazine precipitation 6 (d) Electrolytic separation 6 4. Titanium 7 (a) Gravimetric 7 ( b Colorimetric 7 5. Standardization of permanganate solutions 7 6. Iron 8 (a) Gravimetric 8 ( b Jones reductor 8 (c) Stannous chloride method 9 7. Available oxygen 9 (a) Ferrous sulphate 9 10. (b) Oxalic acid 9 (c) Sodium oxalate 9 ( ) Distillation 10 8. Manganese 10 (a) Ford 10 (b) Ford, modified 10 (c) Acetate 10 (d) Volhard 10 1 ( e ) Ford- Williams (/) von Knorre 1 1 ( g ) Bismuthate (h) Persulphate colorimetric 1 9. Lime 12 Magnesia 12 III. Methods used by other analysts 12 1. Commercial chemists 12 2. Works chemists 13 3. Mine chemists 14 I. INTRODUCTION General information regarding standard samples, including a description of the methods used in their preparation, is published in Circular No. 25. The information and methods given in this circular have special reference to samples Nos.
    [Show full text]
  • ACUMER™ 1051 Scale Inhibitor for Sugar Process
    Technical Data Sheet ACUMER™ 1051 Scale Inhibitor for Sugar Process Description ACUMER™ 1051 is a low molecular weight (LMW) polyacrylic acid polymer that can be used as a scale inhibitor during sugar processing. The product has U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for food contact use. Features and • High performance scale inhibition that can be used in sugar evaporators. Benefits • Wide range of activity on calcium oxalate, calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate scales. • FDA cleared under regulation 21 CFR 173.73 (sodium polyacrylate). • Intrinsically Kosher (manufactured with no raw materials of animal origin). • Shows a higher degree of solubility in presence of calcium ions than other higher molecular weight polymers. Typical Physical (These properties are typical but do not constitute specifications). Properties Property Typical Values Molecular Weight (average) 2000-2300 pH (fully neutralized) 7 Solids, % 43 Density @ 25°C, lb/gal (g/cc) 10.3 (1.22) Brookfield Viscosity, 200 mPa.s/cps @ 25°C (#2 @ 30 rpm) Color, APHA 100 Appearance colorless to straw colored, clear to slightly hazy homogeneous solution, FFVFM* *free from visible foreign matter Anti-Precipitation ACUMER™ 1051 polymer is a general purpose scale inhibitor, as it is effective to inhibit Performance precipitation of calcium carbonate, calcium oxalate, calcium sulphate, barium sulphate, and other low solubility salts. Sugar Processing Heavy scaling occurs all along the evaporation line where the thin juice must be Application concentrated before crystallization. Without any treatment, scaling is responsible for progressively dropping the production capacity and increasing the manufacturing costs and the demand of energy. At the final stage the sugar mill must be shut down for cleaning.
    [Show full text]