ffsc-001 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 1 Aug 1973 in Abramson's Abramson, Mrs. Ralph cottage, outside of Greenland, Mich. (Lempinen) Inclusive dates: 1870s - 1920s Born 14 Jan 1892

Places and Names: , Red Jacket, Quincy, Allouez, Tamarack, Boston Location, Centennial, , Ahmeek, , Hancock. Bethlehem Church; Pastor Bäck; Pastor Rautanen;

Subjects: Boardinghouses; Church; Confirmation; Copper mines and ; Emigration and immigration; Finnish -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Finnish language, Business enterprises; Finnish newspapers; Finnish-American Mining Company; Knights of Kaleva -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Mohawk Mining Company; Naturalization; Neighbors; Nikander, J. K. (Juho Kustaa), 1855-1919; Recreation; Schools; Socialism -- ; Temperance; Winter

ffsc-002 Ahola, Mrs. Ida ; Stadius, Mrs. Ardelle Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. 15 Nov 1976 in Hancock, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1920s - 1970s

Subjects: Arts and crafts; Childbirth; Cooking; Family -- History; Finnish Americans; Food; Home remedies; Knitting; Languages and language; Manners and customs; Massage; Medical care; Midwifery; Physicians; Sauna; Traditional medicine

ffsc-003 Alanen, Arvid Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. Apr 1975 in Ishpeming, Mich. Born 26 Jan 1897, Ishpeming, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1880s - mid 1900s

Places and Names: Copper Harbor; Houghton; Ishpeming; Laihia, Finland; Marquette; Calumet;

Subjects: Boardinghouses; Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company; Copper mines and mining -- Accidents; Emigration and immigration; Family; Farming; Farming -- Finland; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Geological surveys; Schools; Weddings;

ffsc-004 Aldrich, Annie Interviewed by: Berry, Betty. 18 Jul 1973 Inclusive dates: late 1800s - 1940s

Places and Names: Atlantic Mine, Painesdale, Houghton, Painesdale, Keweenaw Club. Doctor Aldrich, Atlantic Mine, Amphidrome; Mining Gazette

Subjects: Christmas; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Epidemics; Family; Great Depression; Hockey -- Houghton (Mich.); Hunting; Medical care; Methodist Church -- Houghton (Mich.); Mines and mining resources -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Physicians; Prohibition; Schools; Strikes and lockouts -- Copper mining -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Temperance; Transportation -- Houghton (Mich.); . Works Progress Administration; Women -- Suffrage -- Houghton (Mich.); , 1939-1945;

ffsc-005 Interviewed by: Niemi, Adrian. 18 Feb 1975 in , Minn. Alto, Aliina and son Toivo "Rusty" In Finnish

Inclusive dates: 1913

Subjects: Agriculture; Alcohol; Bars (drinking establishments); Brothels; Capone, Al, 1899-1947; Dillinger, John, 1903- 1934; Emigration and immigration; Gambling; Gangsters; Hurley (Wis.); Ironwood (Mich.); ; Mafia; Prostitution; Proverbs; Roulette; Superstition; Traditional medicine;

ffsc-006 Interviewed by: Maki, Randy in Santini's Hotel and Bar, Anderson, Annie and Leon (Santini's Bar) Hurley, Wisc.

Inclusive dates: 1930s - 1970s

Places and Names: Hurley, WI. Al Capone; John Dillinger

ffsc-007 Anderson, Wallace Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 20 Feb 1975 in Anderson's home, Houghton, Mich. Born in Pequaming, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1870s - 1970s

Places and Names: Pequaming, Finntown -- Pequaming, Zeba -- Pequaming, Dollar Bay, Houghton, Hancock. Hebard Company

Subjects: Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper wire, World War I; Emigration and immigration; Hockey -- Pequaming (Mich.), Gunsmithing; -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Logging; Lumber Camps; Technological University; Norwegian Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Pioneers -- Pequaming (Mich.); Quincy Mining Company; ; Strikes and lockouts -- Copper mining; World War, 1914-1918;

ffsc-008 Anderson, Wallace Interviewed by: Whitman, Robert. 11 Apr 1975 in Interviewee's office Inclusive dates: 1940s - 1970s

Places and Names: ,

Subjects: Germany; Investigations; Japan; Military intelligence; United States. Air Force.;

ffsc-009 Andrews, Dr. Clarence Interviewed by: Olson, Bob in WMPL Radio Station, Houghton, Mich. Born in , professor at MTU Inclusive dates: 1913-1914

Places and Names: Calumet, Red Jacket, Hancock, Houghton, Quincy, Painesdale. , Annie Clements "Big Annie," Anna Rabas, Charles Struzel, Laurie Waatti, John Maynarich, Ed Rossberg, Mary Grentz, Francis Steke, Woody Guthrie, Rose Stukel Sever, Arelia Goodreau Rintala, Walter Lahti, Annie Clements, "Big Annie," Marian Kentala Mosack, Westala, Irene Alla, Steve Verbanick, Jim Stukel, Anthony Lucas, William Jane, Samuel Rowe, A. B. Newton, Russell Waatti, Company G -- Houghton; Painesdale Shooting, McNaughton, Charles Struzel, Andicot Lovell, Amanda Lampala, Rueben Hill, Charles Laurie, Peter Murphy, Tony Podriznik

Subjects: Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining; -- Michigan; Finnish Americans -- Michigan; , Calumet, Mich., 1913; Labor unions; Slovenian Americans -- Michigan; Strikes and lockouts -- Copper mining; Western Federation of Miners; ffsc-010 Antila, Elroy Interviewed by: Mills, Gary J. 6 Aug 1975 in Suomi College Born 20 Nov 1929, Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1920s - 1930s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI. Calumet Schools, Ishpeming Iron Mining History, love, stories

Subjects: Calumet (Mich.); Education Schools;

ffsc-011 Arsenault, Walt Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 9 Dec 1975

ffsc-012 Autio, Amelia Interviewed by: Niemi, Adrian. 6 Oct 1975 in Orr, Minn. In Finnish

ffsc-013 Auvinen, Lempi (Johnson) Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. 1 Nov 1976 in Crystal Falls, Mich. Born 10 Feb 1899, Crystal Falls, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Venezuela

Subjects: Arts and crafts; Childbirth; Cooking; Education; Finnish Americans; Food -- Finnish; Hairstyles Home remedies; Land tenure -- Law and legislation -- Finland; Massage; Medical care; Midwifery; Midwifery; Names, Finnish; Physician; Sauna; Schools -- Finland; Traditional medicine; Venezuela; Weaving; Family -- History;

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ffsc-014 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 8 Bartanen, Hattie S. Aug 1972

Subject terms: Emigration and Immigration; Finnish Americans; Home ownership; (Mich.); Education; Copper mines and mining; Traditional medicine; Cupping

ffsc-015 Bell, Roy D. Interviewed by: Lavery, Allan. 31 Jan 1974 in L'Anse, Mich. Born in Munising, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1920s - 11004

Places and Names: L'Anse, Munising, Baraga, Pequaming. Hebard Lumber Company, Thomas Nestor

Subjects: Bears; Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company; Ford Motor Company; and -- Valuation -- Michigan; Logging -- Michigan; Lumber Camps -- Michigan; Mead Corporation; Nestor Lumber Company; Paper mills; Sawmills -- Michigan; Snowshoes and snowshoeing; ffsc-016 Bell, Warren M. Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 27 Jul 1972 in Hancock, Mich. Born 26 Aug 1882, , IL Inclusive dates: 1897 - 11000s

Places and Names: Hancock, Calumet, Quincy. Western Express, Houghton County Department of Social Welfare, Public Relief Commission

Subjects: Boys' Brigade; Church; Congregational Church -- Hancock (Mich.); Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining; Cornish Americans -- Michigan; Ethnic groups; Finnish Americans -- Michigan; Great Depression; High schools -- Hancock (Mich.); Home remedies; Law enforcement; Medical care; Physicians; Public welfare -- Houghton County (Mich.); Quincy Mining Company; Recreation; Schools; Strikes and lockouts -- Copper mining; Voting; Winter; Boys' Brigade

ffsc-017 Bergh, Russell ; Homlund, Walter S. ; Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 31 Jul 1973 in Home of Marsi, Minne Walter Holmlund, Jacobsville, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1880s - 1970s M. Marsi Born Jan 1888, Hurontown, Mich.; W.

Homlund Born abt. 1908

Places and Names: Jacobsville, Hancock, White City. Jacobsville Quarry, Jacobsville Finnish Lutheran Church; Amerikan Suometar, St. John's Day, Juhannus (Midsummer)

Subjects: Accidents -- Jacobsville (Mich.); Bars (Drinking establishments) -- Jacobsville (Mich.) -- Michigan; Business enterprises -- Jacobsville (Mich.); Cemeteries -- Jacobsville (Mich.); Church; Confirmation; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Farming; Finnish Americans; Finnish newspapers; Fishing; Great Depression; Groceries; Logging -- Jacobsville (Mich.); Longyear, John Munro, 1850-1922; Lumber Camps -- Jacobsville (Mich.); Medical care -- Jacobsville (Mich.); Medicine; Music; Nikander, J. K. (Juho Kustaa), 1855-1919; Norwegian Americans; Physicians; Quarries and quarrying; Recreation; Sailing -- Great Lakes; Sandstone; Schools; Shipwrecks; Strikes and lockouts -- Copper mining; Suomi College; Teachers; Temperance -- Jacobsville (Mich.); Traditional medicine; United States. Works Progress Administration; Weddings; World War, 1939-1945;

ffsc-018 Interviewed by: Anderson, Wallace. 7 Aug 1973 in Home of Bat Bigando, Bigando, Battista Calumet, Mich. Born 8 Aug 1883, Inclusive dates: 1890s - 1930s

Places and Names: Calumet; Spring Valley, IL; Houghton; Laurium; Allouez. Kerredge Theatre -- Hancock

Subjects: Boardinghouses; Calumet & Hecla Band; Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Circus; Coal mines and mining; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining -- Accidents; Emigration and immigration; Family; Great Depression; Hockey; -- Michigan; Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Medical care -- Calumet (Mich.); Miners; Mining; Musicians; Physicians; Strikes and lockouts -- Copper mining; Theaters; Mining; Circus; Copper mines and mining; Copper mines and mining -- Accidents; Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Calumet & Hecla Band

ffsc-019 Interviewed by: Anderson, Wallace. 7 Jul 1973 in Allouez, Mich. Bigando, John Inclusive dates: 1880s - 1940s Born 7 Jul 1885, Italy

Places and Names: Tornio, Finland; Spring Valley, IL; Calumet; Rambletown; Calumet; Chicago; Detroit

ffsc-020 Bigando, John Interviewed by: Anderson, Wallace. 20 Jul 1973 in Allouez, Mich. Born 7 Jul 1885, Italy Inclusive dates: 1880s - 1940s

Places and Names: Calumet; Detroit; Hancock; Rambletown. Kerredge Theatre -- Hancock

Subjects: Boardinghouses, Recreation, Picnics, Great Depression; Boxing; Calumet & Hecla Band; Calumet (Mich.); Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Emigration and immigration; Ethnic groups; Ethnic relations; Food; Irish Americans; Bands; Nisonen, Martti, 1891-1946; Sligo (Ireland); Suomi College; Transatlantic voyages; United States. Works Progress Administration; Food United States. Works Progress Administration;

ffsc-021 Brennan, Pat Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 28 Jan 1976 Born 1878, Sligo, Ireland Inclusive dates: 1890s - 1970s

Places and Names: ; Chicago; Sligo, Ireland; Calumet, MI

Subjects: Boxing; Recreation; Athletes; Boxers; Calumet, MI

ffsc-022 Brown, Russell ; Butkovich, John Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 30 June 1975 Born 5 Feb 1890?, Michigan (Brown) Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Subjects: Clairvoyance; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining; Copper Range Railroad Company; Distilling, Illicit; Fourth of July celebrations; Games; Great Depression; Home remedies; Hunting; Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Midwifery; Mine lighting; Mineral Range Railroad Company; Picnics; Plays; Railroad accidents; Railroads -- Employees; Recreation; Slovenian Americans; Theaters; Traditional medicine; Yugoslav Americans;

ffsc-023 Butala, Rose A. Interviewed by: Fisher, Betty. 8 Aug 1974 Born abt 1894, Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: early 1900s - 11009

Places and Names: Calumet, Laurium. Michigan Bell Telephone Company

Subjects: Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Childhood; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914;Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913;Mines and mineral resources -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.), , Music; Radio; Recreation; Schools; Strikes and lockouts -- Copper mining; Tailors; Telephone operators -- Calumet (Mich.);Telephone operators; Winter storms -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);World War I;

ffsc-024 Butler, Ruth (Gibson) Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 9 Aug 1972 Born 11 Jul 1891, Republic, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1860s - 1970s

Places and Names: Republic, Mass City, Houghton, , Calumet, Victoria, Rockland. Republic Mine, Republic Methodist Church, Bayview Study Club, Houghton County Historical Society, Eleanor Roosevelt, Census Taker

Subjects: Alcohol Books; Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Camp Fire Girls; Church Constitutional conventions -- Michigan; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Dating (Social customs) Education; Elections; Engineering; Family; Great Depression; High Schools -- Houghton (Mich.); Home remedies, Logging; Lumber; Mexico -- History -- Revolution, 1910-1920; Michigan Technological University; Michigan. State Highway Commission; Mine accidents -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Mines and mineral resources -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.) Mining corporations; Political campaigns; Postsecondary education -- Michigan; Reading; Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ); Schools; Stables; Strikes and lockouts -- Copper mining; Universities and colleges -- Michigan; Weddings; Women in politics; World War, 1914- 1918;

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ffsc-026 Chapman, Leslie Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 3 Aug 1972 in Calumet, Mich. Born 1894 Inclusive dates: 1880s - 1940s

Places and Names: Calumet, Dollar Bay, Tamarack Mills, Osceola Mills, Ishpeming, Negaunee, Atlantic Mine, Arizona, Mayflower, Tamarack, Rambletown. Calumet and Hecla Mining Company Security, Smelter Patent Lawsuit

Subjects: Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Circus; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper mining; Cornish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Crime; Distilling, Illicit; Education; Elections; Family; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Great Depression; Home remedies; Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Labor unions; Law enforcement; Police; Prohibition; Recipes; Recreation; Sailing -- Great Lakes; Sailing -- South America; Schools; Strikes and lockouts -- Copper mining; -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Calumet and Hecla Mining Company

ffsc-027 Cooper, Virginia A. Interviewed by: Berry, Betty. 7 Aug 1973 in Houghton, Mich. Born abt 1910, Hubbell Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Eagle River, Hubbell, Houghton, Kenton, Cliff Mine, Sidnaw, Kenton, Berglund. Couzens Fund, Thimbleberry Jam, Amphidrome, Kerredge Theatre

Subjects: Charities; Civilian Conservation Corps (U.S.) -- Michigan; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Great Depression; High Schools -- Houghton (Mich.); Influenza Epidemic, 1918- 1919; Michigan Technological University; Physicians, Recreation, Rural schools; Schools; Teaching; Transportation, Tuberculosis Winter, World War, 1914-1918;Schools;

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ffsc-029 Eilola, Ray Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown) in Pelkie, Mich. Born in Pelkie, Mich Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1970s

Places and Names: Pelkie

Subjects: Family; Farm equipment; Farming; Gardening; Livestock; Neighbors; ffsc-030 Erickson, Arthur B. Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 20 Oct 1973 in Pelkie, Mich. Born in Pelkie, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900 - 1970s

Places and Names: Pelkie, Baraga

Subjects: Bars (Drinking establishments) -- Pelkie (Mich.); Business enterprises -- Pelkie (Mich.); Dairying, Cooperative -- Pelkie (Mich.); Dunsmore, John; Farm equipment; Farm life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Farming -- Pelkie (Mich.); Farming -- Pelkie (Mich.); Haying equipment; Logging -- Upper Michigan (Mich.); Lumber camps -- Upper Michigan (Mich.); Medical care -- Pelkie (Mich.); Nestor Lumber Company; Pelkie, William, b. 1853 Physicians; Rural families -- Pelkie (Mich.); Sawmills; Telephone;

ffsc-031 Erickson, Arthur ; Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 21 Oct 1973 in Waisanen's home in Pelkie, Pelto, Emil ; Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 11000s Waisanen, William and Matt

Subjects: Anecdotes; Bars (drinking establishments); Bears; Cattle -- Prices; Cheese factories; Community life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Cooperative societies -- Pelkie (Mich.); Country life Country life; Creameries -- Pelkie (Mich.); Dairy farming; Deer; Disappeared persons; Farming; Game wardens; Ghost stories; Great Depression; Hunting; Law enforcement; Log Transportation; Milk; Partridges; Pelkie (Mich.); Poaching; Post office stations and branches; Restaurants; Rural landowners; Rural roads; Rural schools; Skunks; Timber; Transportation, Wild animals; Wolves;

ffsc-032 Erickson, Arthur B. Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 5 Oct 1974 in Pelkie, Mich. Born in Pelkie, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Baraga, Sturgeon River, Chassell, L'Anse, Pelkie. Swede Pete aka Peter Nelson Rane (aka Whiskey Pekka), Worcester Lumber Company -- Chassell, Thomas Bond, Matt Oja, Urho Erikainen

Subjects: Bars (Drinking establishments); Business enterprises -- Pelkie (Mich.); Communism -- Pelkie (Mich.); Cooperative societies -- Pelkie (Mich.); Dairying, Cooperative -- Pelkie (Mich.); Dance parties; Deer hunting; Distilling, Illicit; Dunsmore, John; Finnish Americans -- Michigan; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.), Recreation; Logging -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Logging Camps; Lumber camps -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Medicine; Nestor Lumber Company ; Pelkie, William, b. 1853 People -- Pelkie (Mich.); Recreation; Sawmills; Swedish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Tonics (Medicinal preparations);

ffsc-033 Erickson, Bertha Interviewed by: Erickson, Bill. 20 Aug 1975 in Ahmeek, Mich. Born 20 Aug 1912, Atlantic Mine, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1910 - 1920s

Places and Names: Painesdale Grade School; Miss Jarvis

Subjects: Education; Schools -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Teachers

ffsc-034 Erickson, Ida S. Interviewed by: Ollila, Douglas. 9 Aug 1973 in Ely, MN Born in Ely, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s

Places and Names: Ely, MN. Finnish Stock Company -- Ely; John Edward; Suomi College

Subjects: Education; Emigration and immigration; Ethnic groups -- ; Finnish Americans -- Minnesota; Great Depression; Medical care -- Minnesota; Mines and mineral resources -- Minnesota; Nikander, J. K. (Juho Kustaa), 1855- 1919; Recreation; Schools -- Minnesota -- St. Louis County; Slovenian Americans -- Minnesota; Socialism -- Minnesota; Suomi College; Suomi Synod -- Minnesota;

ffsc-035 Erikainen, Otto Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 4 Dec 1975

Places and Names: .Pelkie Cheese Factory, Italian Hall Disaster, Pine Creek Road, David Erikainen

ffsc-036 Erkkila, Linne Maria Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 5 Apr 1975 in Ishpeming, Mich. Born 17 Apr 1903, Ishpeming, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Ishpeming. Bethel Lutheran Church

Subjects: Church -- Ishpeming (Mich.); Community life -- Ishpeming (Mich.); Elections -- Ishpeming (Mich.); Family -- History; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Funeral rites and ceremonies; Holidays -- Ishpeming (Mich.); Medical care -- Ishpeming (Mich.); Nursing; Schools -- Ishpeming (Mich.); Suomi College; Traditional medicine;

ffsc-037 Errikainen, Urho Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 3 Jun 1973 Born 1904 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Pelkie

Subjects: Clearing of land -- stump removal; Communism -- Pelkie (Mich.); Dairying, Cooperative -- Pelkie (Mich.); Family; Farming -- Pelkie (Mich.); Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Gristmills -- Pelkie (Mich.); Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Loans; Logging -- Pelkie (Mich.);

ffsc-038 Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 20 Sep 1974 in Winkler Nursing Home, L'Anse, Errikainen, Urho Mich. Born 1904 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Subjects: Chores; Community life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Cookery (Cereals); Courtship; Discipline of children; Emigration and immigration; Farming -- Pelkie (Mich.); Farming -- Pelkie (Mich.); Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Fishing -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Gardening; Logging -- Pelkie (Mich.); Lumber Camps -- Pelkie (Mich.); Mineral Range Railroad; Pelkie (Mich.); Traffic Accidents;

ffsc-039 Interviewed by: Longenecker, Bonnie. 1 July 197x in Interviewee's home in Hancock, Eskola, Sylvia [Bonnie] Mich.

Inclusive dates: 1930s - 11000s

Subjects: Education; Ethnic groups; Ethnic relations; Michigan Technological University; University; Northern State Normal School (Mich.); Rural Schools -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Rural schools; Teaching;

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ffsc-041 Interviewed by: Loukinen, Fitzpatric, Ida (Saari) Michael. 4 Oct 1974 in Born 31 Aug 1903 Pelkie, Mich.

Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Pelkie. Pelkie School

Subjects: Clubs -- Pelkie (Mich.); Community life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Education -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Family -- History; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Fund raising -- Pelkie (Mich.); Peddlers -- Pelkie (Mich.); Rural schools -- Pelkie (Mich.); Teaching -- Michigan;

ffsc-042 Foley, Jack Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 9 Aug 1972 in Dollar Bay, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1860s - 1970s

Places and Names: Dollar Bay

Subjects: Brothels -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Community life -- Dollar Bay (Mich.); Copper mines and mining -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Great Depression -- Detroit (Mich.); Labor unions -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Medical care -- Dollar Bay (Mich.); Mining corporations -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Quincy Mining Company; Schools -- Dollar Bay (Mich.); Socialism -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-043 Interviewed by: Anderson, Wallace. 1 Aug 1972 in Allouez, Mich. Foremen, Willard Inclusive dates: 1860s - 11000s Born 24 Mar 1910

Places and Names: Mohawk, Fulton

Subjects: Boardinghouses -- Mohawk (Mich.); Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Community life -- Fulton (Mich.); Community life -- Mohawk (Mich.); Copper mines and mining -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Dance parties -- Mohawk (Mich.); Elections -- Mohawk (Mich.); Ethnic groups -- Mohawk (Mich.); Great Depression; Recreation -- Mohawk (Mich.); Schools -- Mohawk (Mich.); Sports -- Mohawk (Mich.); Traditional medicine -- Mohawk (Mich.); United States. Works Progress Administration -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-044 Interviewed by: Helgren, Dorias; Harju, Larry. 22 Jul 1974 in Michigan State Police Post: Foster, William John Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 11000s

Places and Names: Calumet and Hecla Mining Company Security

Subjects: Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914 Law enforcement -- Calumet (Mich.);

ffsc-045 Fournier, Eleanor B. Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 31 Jul 1973 in Hancock, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1940s

Subjects: Bars (Drinking establishments) -- Winona (Mich.); Church -- Hancock (Mich.); French Canadians -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Great Depression -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Law enforcement; Lumber camps -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Michigan Technological University; Schools -- Winona (Mich.); Winona (Mich.); World War II

ffsc-046 Fredd, Victor Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 17 Jul 1972 in Hancock, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1890s - 11000s

Subjects: Hancock (Mich.); Houghton County Treasurer Quincy Mining Company; Valparaiso University;

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ffsc-047 Gardner, William A. Interviewed by: Helgren, Dorias; Harju, Larry. 5 Aug 1974

ffsc-048 Godell, Swande Interviewed by: Tuomi, Ellen. 28 Jul 1972 in Godell's home in Chassell Born abt 1900, Karvia, Finland Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Watton, MI; Chassell, MI; Covington, MI

Subjects: Board of Education -- Chassell (Mich.); Chassell Fire Department; Churches -- Watton (Mich.); Community life -- Covington (Mich.); Community life -- Finland; Community life -- Watton (Mich.); Covington Township Supervisor; Drinking -- Illicit -- Covington (Mich.); Education -- Watton (Mich.); Emigration and immigration; Lions Club -- Chassell (Mich.); Lumber Camps -- Chassell (Mich.); Medical care -- Chassell (Mich.); Medical care -- Finland; Newspapers; Timber Producers Association of and Michigan; Tourism -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-049 Good, R. Allen Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 10 Aug 1973 in Good's home in Houghton Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Hydraulic Air Compressor in Mine; Houghton County Historical Society; Keweenaw Historical Society; Marquette County Historical Society, Calumet and Hecla Mining Company Library

Subjects: Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Canada; Churches -- Hancock (Mich.); College teachers -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Communism -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Congregational Church -- Hancock (Mich.); Ethnic groups -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Family -- history; Franklin Mining Company; -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Grand Rapids (Mich.); Great Depression; History -- Societies, etc. -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Ku Klux Klan; Michigan -- history; Michigan Technological University; Mining corporations -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); ; United States. Works Progress Administration -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Victoria Mine -- Michigan;

ffsc-050 Goodell, Robert Interviewed by: Tarvis, Debbie. 11 Aug 1974 Born abt 1911, Painesdale, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1890s - 1970s

Places and Names: Coppertown USA

Subjects: Churches -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.) Community life -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Education; Family -- History; Great Depression -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Medical care; Transportation -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-051 Goodell, Swande Interviewed by: Tuomi, Robert. 7 Aug 19xx in Chassell, Mich. Born 1900, Finland Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1940s

Places and Names: Covington, MI; Watton, MI

Subjects: Education; Ethnic groups; Ford Motor Company; Home remedies; Literacy; Logging--Accidents; Logging-- Equipment and supplies; Lumber camps; Medical Care; Recreation; Schools; Wages;

ffsc-052 Gray, Mattie ; Interviewed by: Longenecker, Bonnie . 7 Aug 1974 in Gray's home in Chassell Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1920s Funk, Olive ; Savela, Wilmer L.

Places and Names: Chassell, MI

Subjects: Education; Schools -- Chassell (Mich.);Teachers -- Chassell (Mich.);

ffsc-053 Gustafson, Gust A. Interviewed by: Niemi, Adrian A. 4 Dec 1974 in Gustafson's home in Duluth Born 4 May 1898, Ely, Minn. Inclusive dates: 1905 - 1960s

Places and Names: Chisholm, MN; Duluth, MN. 1908 Fire in Chisholm

Subjects: Community life -- Chisholm (Minn.); Ethnic groups -- Chisholm (Minn.); Family -- History; Finlandia Foundation; Finnish Americans -- Minnesota; Fires -- Chisholm (Minn.); Mines and mining -- Chisholm (Minn.); Minnesota Finnish American Historical Society; Minnesota Power Company; Recreation -- Chisholm (Minn.); Strikes and lockouts -- Miners -- Chisholm (Minn.);

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ffsc-054 Haas, Isaac Newton Interviewed by: Berry, Betty M. 21 Sep 1972 in Houghton Born abt 1875, Houghton, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1880s - 1940s

Places and Names: Houghton, MI. Sack Rider, Houghton County Fair

Subjects: Business enterprises -- Houghton (Mich.); Clothing and dress; Community life -- Houghton (Mich.); Fishing -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Hockey -- Houghton (Mich.); Hunting -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Parades -- Houghton (Mich.); Sailing -- Great Lakes;

ffsc-055 Halinen, Rev. Martin Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 14 Aug 1973 in Halinen's Born 30 Apr 1904, Mikkeli, Vanhamaki, home in Hancock Finland Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Mikkeli, Vanhamaki, Finland; Chicago, IL; Milwaukee, WI; Canada; Kirkland Lake, Ontario, Canada. Finnish Civil War

Subjects: Assault and battery -- Lumber camps -- Canada; Education -- Finland; Emigration and immigration; Evangelistic work -- Finland; Farm life -- Finland; Pastor; Religious education -- Finland; Religious education -- United States; Service, Compulsory -- Finland; Socialism -- Canada; Socialism -- Finland -- History;

ffsc-056 Hamer, Ken ; Courchaine, Archie Interviewed by: Godell, Swande. 13 Aug 1975 in Chassell, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1887-1940s

Places and Names: Chassell, MI. Chassell School, White City School, R&M; , Third River Lumber Co, Chassell Bank

Subjects: Chassell (Mich.); Hockey; Knights of Pythias; Logging; Rural Schools; Sawmills; School music; Schools;

ffsc-057 Hansen, Mary ; Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. 29 October 1976 in Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1880s-1920s Hendrickson, Tillie Born 1883, Michigan 1881, Michigan

Places and Names: , MI; Calumet, MI; Toivola, MI; Skanee, MI. Calumet Schools, Skanee Schools,

Subjects: Cheese making; Coffee breaks; Copper mining; Dress Codes; English as a Second Language; Family size; Farming; Finnish Americans; Finnish cooking; Food preservation; Home remedies; Rural Schools; Sauna; Skiing; Strikes--1910-1920; Swedish Americans; Swedish cooking; Teacher Training; Weaving;

ffsc-058 Harvey, Al Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 18 Jun 1973

Places and Names: Tamarack Mine; Calumet, MI.

Subject terms: Ethnic Groups; Finnish Americans; Housing; Education; Working conditions; Mining accidents; Italian Hall Disaster; 1913; Copper Miners’ Strike, Mich., 1913-14

ffsc-059 Haug, Anne Interviewed by: Berry, Betty. 15 Aug 1973 in Houghton Born abt 1885, Houghton, Mich.

Places and Names: Houghton, MI; White City, MI; Freda Park

Subjects: Community life -- Houghton (Mich.);Family -- History; German Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Recipes -- German Americans; Recreation -- White City (Mich.); Religious life -- Houghton (Mich.); Winter -- Recreation -- Houghton (Mich.);

ffsc-060 Heideman, Rev. Paul and Eva (Kaukkonen) Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art in Calumet, Mich. In Finnish Born in Calumet Inclusive dates: 1890s - 1940s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Finland. Mexican - Finnish Wedding, Calumet (Mich.)

Subjects: Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Ethnic groups -- Calumet (Mich.); First Apostolic Lutheran Church -- Calumet (Mich.); Laestadianism -- Finland; Laestadianism -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Lay preaching; Weddings -- Calumet (Mich.); Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Ethnic groups -- Calumet (Mich.); First Apostolic Lutheran Church -- Calumet (Mich.); Laestadianism -- Finland; Laestadianism -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Lay preaching; Weddings -- Calumet (Mich.); Sermons; Church ; Discrimination

ffsc-061 Heikkilä, Anna Lydia Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 23 Jul 1973 in Green Bay (Wis.). In Finnish Born 1884, Jyvaskyla, Finland Inclusive dates: early 1900s

Places and Names: Copper Island; Ontonagon; Chicago; Green Bay, WI; Jyvaskyla, Finland;. Superior, Lake; Jyvaskyla, Finland

Subjects: Berries; Childhood; Education.; Families; Food; Health; Lullabies; Manners and customs; Nursery rhymes; Quality of life; Traditional medicine; Voting; Weaving;

ffsc-062 Interviewed by: Peterson, Janet. November 11, 1974 in Interviewee's home in Heikkila, Walter Chassell, Mich.

Inclusive dates: 1920s-1940s

Places and Names: Chassell, MI; Nisula, MI;

Subjects: Chassell (Mich.);Funeral coaches; Funeral customs and rites; Funeral rites and ceremonies--America--History; Nisula (Mich.)

ffsc-063 Heiman, Viljo Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Ralph. 24 Jan 1981 in Lantana, FL

ffsc-064 Heinonen, Adrian Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael

Places and Names: Upper Sturgeon

Subjects: Deer hunting -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.) Hunting -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Hunting lodges -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Porcupines -- Anecdotes -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-065 Heinonen, Adrian; Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 19 Oct 1973 in Pelkie, Mich. Kemppainen, Denia

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI. Limestone Mountain Threshing Company -- Pelkie (Mich.);

Subjects: Business transactions -- Pelkie (Mich.); Chores; Community life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Deer hunting -- Pelkie (Mich.); Farming -- Pelkie (Mich.); Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); First Apostolic Lutheran Church -- Pelkie (Mich.); Fishing -- Pelkie (Mich.); Great Depression; Harvest -- Pelkie (Mich.); Laestadianism -- Pelkie (Mich.); Loans -- Pelkie (Mich.); Logging -- Pelkie (Mich.); Lumber Camps -- Pelkie (Mich.); Lumber camps -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Peddlers -- Pelkie (Mich.); Punishment; Shopping -- Pelkie (Mich.);

ffsc-067 Hendrickson, Nick ; Palosaari, John Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 14 Jul 1972 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Hancock, MI; Ripley, MI; . Karelian Fever

Subjects: Athletic clubs -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Bars (Drinking establishments) -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Copper mines and mining -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Emigration and immigration; Ethnic groups -- Hancock (Mich.); Family -- History; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Great Depression; Labor unions -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Law enforcement -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Medical care; Radio; Religious education -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Transportation -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Winter -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); ; Communism; Winter War

ffsc-068 Hill, Gust E. Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 9 Sep 1974 in Marquette, Mich. Born 9 Oct 1887, Finland Inclusive dates: 1890s - 1920s

Places and Names: Marquette, MI; Waukegan, IL; Kipling, MI; Chatham, MI. National Lutheran Church -- Marquette (Mich.)

Subjects: Automobiles -- Marquette (Mich.); Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company; Family -- History; Finland -- History; Heating - - Finland; Heating -- Marquette (Mich.); Hospitals -- Marquette (Mich.); Lumber camps -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Medical care -- Marquette (Mich.); Upper Peninsula (Mich.) -- History; Wages -- Marquette (Mich.); ; Fights

ffsc-069 Hill, Gust E. Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 9 Nov 1974 in Marquette, Mich. Born 9 Oct 1887, Finland Inclusive dates: 1908 - 1940s

Places and Names: Marquette, MI. Marquette County Fair; Cliff Dow

Subjects: Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company; Cooperative societies -- Marquette (Mich.); Cows -- Marquette (Mich.); Finnish Americans -- Marquette (Mich.); Fishing -- Marquette (Mich.); Heating -- Marquette (Mich.); Housing -- Marquette (Mich.); Industries -- Marquette (Mich.); Johnson, Frank; Marquette (Mich.) -- History; Upper Peninsula (Mich.) -- History;

ffsc-070 Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. November 16, 1976 in Interviewee's home in Chassell, Hill, Mrs. Jean Mich. Born 1909, Finland Inclusive dates: 1910-11000s

Places and Names: Chassell, MI; Detroit, MI; Hancock, MI. Suomi Business College

Subjects: Baked goods; Bread baking; Crafts; Cupping; Finnish Americans, Family Size; Finnish Americans; Finnish Cooking; Food preservation; Gardening--Michigan--Upper Peninsula; Home remedies; Knitting; Looms; Midwifery -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Personal history; Rag rugs -- Michigan -- Upper Peninsula; Weaving;

ffsc-071 Interviewed by: Hiltunen, Vivian. 15 Apr 1974 Hiltunen, Vivian

Subjects: Holidays; Chicken Pox; Sauna, Snowmobile Clubs; Housekeeping; Tupperware parties; Stinginess

ffsc-072 Hinks, Frank and Richard Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown)

ffsc-073 Hoffman, Emma Interviewed by: Hoffman, David. December 26, 1945 Born 1898 Inclusive dates: 1899-1940s

Places and Names: Upper Peninsula, MI. Jefferson School

Subjects: Family Size; Personal history; Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-074 Hogback, Laina Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. 7 Oct 1976 in Snake River, Mich. Born abt 1920 Inclusive dates: 1920s - 1970s

Places and Names: Chassell, MI; Snake River, MI

Subjects: Cooking, Finnish -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Family -- History; Finnish Americans -- Chassell (Mich.); Nursing -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Traditional medicine; Weaving; Looms

ffsc-075 Hohl, Charles Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 18 Jul 1972 Born abt 1880 Inclusive dates: 1898 - 1970s

Places and Names: Houghton, MI; Calumet, MI. Bigelow mines; Tamarack Mine;

Subjects: Community life -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.) Copper mines and mining -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Ethnic groups -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Geological surveys -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Michigan Technological University; Mining corporations -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Recreation -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Religious life -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Strikes and lockouts -- Copper mining; Transportation -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-076 Hokkanen, John Emil Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 1 Jul 1973 in Deer Lake, Minn. In Finnish

Subjects: Agriculture; Church; Emigration and immigration; Language & lifestyles; Leisure; Preaching; Traditional medicine; Transportation; Traditional medicine

ffsc-077 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 1 Jul 1972 Holmio, Armas

Subject terms: Finnish Americans; Nationalism; World War II; Finnish Relief Fund; Suomi College; Finnish American archive collection; Franciscans; Rauma (Finland); International trade; Education; Religions

ffsc-078 Holmlund, Walt Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. May 9, 1974 in Interviewee's home in Jacobsville, Mich. Born in Atlantic Mine, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1896-1940s

Places and Names: Atlantic Mine, MI; Jacobsville, MI. Suomi College, Jacobsville Church, Alfred Nichols, Osceola Township Schools

Subjects: Education; Finlandia University (formerly Suomi College);Gerontology; Jacobsville (Mich.); (Mich.); Upper Peninsula [Mich.]; Personal History;

ffsc-079 Huhtala, Helen Interviewed by: D.E.B. May 12, 1976 in Interviewee's Home in Iron River, Mich. Born 1910, Stannard, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1920s-1940s

Places and Names: Iron River, MI; Leningrad, Russia; Karelia; Finland

ffsc-080 Hyypio, Axel Interviewed by: (Oral History Student). July 18, 1973. In Finnish

Places and Names: Otter lake, MI; Kemijärvi; Muonio; Suomussalmi

Subjects: Agriculture; Culture Emigration and immigration; Family Fire; God; Religion; Traditional medicine; Winter

ffsc-082 Hyypio, Olga Marie (Peterson) Interviewed by: Brown, Viola J. 13 Jul 1973

Places and Names: Peter Hyypio, Kate Niemi and her home remedies

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ffsc-083 Interviewed by: Anderson, Wallace. 9 Jul 1973 in Isola, Mrs. Anna Isola's home in Calumet, Mich. Born 1901, Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1920s

Places and Names: Elo, MI; Bear Lake, MI; Calumet, MI; Electric Park; Tamarack Park

Subjects: Business enterprises -- Calumet (Mich.); Community life -- Bear Lake (Mich.); Community life -- Calumet (Mich.);Family -- History; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Games -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); High schools -- Calumet (Mich.); Recreation -- Calumet (Mich.) Rural schools -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Teachers -- Calumet (Mich.); Traditional medicine -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

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ffsc-084 Interviewed by: Anderson, Wallace. 3 Aug 1972 Jaaskelainen, Heimo "Paddy" in Bete Gris, Mich. Born 24 Apr 1912, Mohawk, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Mohawk, MI; Calumet, MI. Glacier Dome -- Mohawk (Mich.);

Subjects: Baseball -- Keweenaw Peninsula (Mich.); Boxers (Sports) -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Boxing -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Dempsey, Jack; Emigration and immigration; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Hockey - - Keweenaw Peninsula (Mich.); Sports -- Keweenaw Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-085 Jacka, Bertha Interviewed by: Berry, Betty in Jacka's home in Calumet, Mich. Born in Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1860s - 1900s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Red Jacket, MI; Yellow Jacket, MI; Blue Jacket, MI; Newtown, MI; Houghton, MI; Crestview; Eagle River, MI. Glass Block store; Vertins Department store; Ed Haas store, Electric Park, Calumet Theatre

Subjects: Business enterprises -- Calumet (Mich.); Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Calumet (Mich.) -- History; Community life -- Calumet (Mich.); Community life -- Calumet (Mich.); Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Education -- Calumet (Mich.); Epidemics -- Calumet (Mich.); Episcopal Church -- Calumet (Mich.); Ethnic groups -- Calumet (Mich.); Family -- History; Fire departments -- Calumet (Mich.); Fourth of July celebrations -- Calumet (Mich.); Games -- Calumet (Mich.); Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Medical care -- Calumet (Mich.); Newspapers -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Physicians -- Calumet (Mich.); Recreation -- Calumet (Mich.); Recreation -- Keweenaw Peninsula (Mich.); Schools -- Calumet (Mich.); Societies -- Calumet (Mich.); Teachers -- Calumet Region (Mich.) Winter -- Calumet (Mich.);

ffsc-086 Jackala, Katie Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. November 7,1976 Born 1884 Inclusive dates: 1890s-11000s

Places and Names: Otter Lake, MI, Detroit, MI. Red Cross, Finnish Relief Society

Subjects: Baked goods; Crafts; Cupping; Detroit (Mich.); Finnish Americans; Finnish Cooking; Finnish Relief Society; Knitting; Midwifery; Red Cross; Sauna -- Michigan; Upper Peninsula (Mich.) Weaving;

ffsc-087 Jacobson, Aileen (Savola) Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 16 Feb 1975 in Marquette, Mich. Born in Marquette, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Marquette, MI. St. Luke's Hospital, Marquette County Fair; melting lead to tell fortune; Tuberculosis Sanitarium -- Marquette (Mich.)

Subjects: Community life -- Marquette (Mich.); Ethnic groups -- Marquette (Mich.); Family -- History; Finnish Americans -- Marquette (Mich.) Nursing -- Marquette (Mich.); Nursing education -- Marquette (Mich.); Recreation -- Marquette (Mich.); Schools -- Marquette (Mich.); Transportation -- Marquette (Mich.); Tuberculosis -- Marquette (Mich.);

ffsc-088 Janis, Dr. A. J. Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 20 Jul 1972 Inclusive dates: 1930s - 1970s

Places and Names: Houghton County, MI; Atlantic Mine, MI; Nisula, MI; Mrs. Hogback

Subjects: Community life -- Houghton County (Mich.); Ethnic groups -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Finnish Americans -- Houghton County (Mich.); Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Great Depression Medical care -- Houghton County (Mich.); Mining corporations -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Physicians -- Houghton County (Mich.); Obstetrics; Childbirth; House Calls

ffsc-089 Jarvin, Elma (Mrs. George A.) Interviewed by: Ollila, Douglas. 8 Aug 1973 Born 1920, 10th Ave. E, Hibbing MN

ffsc-090 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Heino "Hap". 12 Aug 1973 in Johnson's Johnson, Laina (Malila) home in Mass, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Mass, MI; Wainola, MI. St. Paul's Lutheran Church

Subjects: Communism -- Mass (Mich.); Community life -- Mass (Mich.); Family -- History; Finnish Americans -- Mass (Mich.); Medical care -- Mass (Mich.); Recreation -- Mass (Mich.); Religious life -- Mass (Mich.) Schools -- Wainola (Mich.); Societies -- Mass (Mich.); Suomi College; Traditional medicine & cupping -- Mass (Mich.);

ffsc-091 Johnson, Lempi Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 2 Oct 1974 Inclusive dates: 1905 - 1970s

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI. Women's Guild -- Pelkie (Mich.); Groop, Edward; Hanninen, Vilho; Junttila, John; Juntunen, Aarne; Korhonen, Arvo; Koski, Frans; Pikkusaari, Lauri; Samanen, David; Tervo, Emil;

Subjects: Church societies -- Pelkie (Mich.) Religious life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Clergy -- Pelkie (Mich.);

ffsc-092 Johnson, Walter Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 11 Aug 1972 in Hancock, Mich. Born 1910 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Hancock, MI; Ripley, MI; Quincy Hill; Franklin Township, MI; Herman, MI. Johnson Brothers

Subjects: Business enterprises -- Hancock (Mich.) Communism -- Hancock (Mich.); Ethnic groups -- Hancock (Mich.); Family -- History; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Ford Motor Company; Great Depression; Logging -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Lumber camps -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Medical care -- Hancock (Mich.); Quincy Mining Company; School boards -- Keweenaw Peninsula (Mich.); Schools -- Hancock (Mich.); Schools -- Keweenaw Peninsula (Mich.); Upper Peninsula Power Company; World War, 1939-1945; Fights ffsc-093 Jutila, Aina Aliida Interviewed by: Lydia W. Eliason. In Finnish

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ffsc-094 Kallungi, Herman Interviewed by: Mathieu, Harold L. 18 Jul 1973

Places and Names: Butte, Montana, Calumet, Tapiola, Chassell, Worcester Lumber Camps, Swede Pete, Askel, Italian Hall, Black Lung

Subjects: Emigration; Railroads; Log Transportation; Silicosis; baseball; Diseases

ffsc-0100 Kangas, Anna Interviewed by: Kessler, Catherine. 31 Aug 1973

Places and Names: Martha-Mary Society, Portage Canal in winter, White City

Subjects: Finland; Emigration; Diseases; Home Remedies; Midwifery

ffsc-096 Interviewed by: Kessler, Catherine. 11 Aug 1973 Kangas, Anna (Larson) Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s Born abt 1893, Finland

Places and Names: Hancock, MI; White City, MI; Houghton, MI. Gloria Dei -- Hancock, MI

Subjects: Community life -- Hancock (Mich.); Emigration and immigration; Finnish Americans -- Hancock (Mich.); Holidays -- Hancock (Mich.); Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Medical care -- Hancock (Mich.); Recreation -- Hancock (Mich.); Religious life -- Hancock (Mich.); Schools -- Finland; Suomi College; Traditional medicine; Cupping

ffsc-097 Kangas, Bertha; Interviewed by: Godell, Swande. 12 Aug 1976 Inclusive dates: 1900s-1930s Gray, Denise; Funk, Mrs. Mrs. Gray Born 1897, Watton, Mich.

Places and Names: Watton, MI; Chassell, MI; . Watton School; Chassell School

Subjects: Chassell (Mich.); Rural education; Watton (Mich.); Negaunee (Mich.);

ffsc-098 Kangas, Everett and Rachel Interviewed by: D.E.B. March 28, 1978 Inclusive dates: 1920s-1930s

Subjects: Iron County (Mich.) -- History; Communist Party of America; Congress of Industrial Organizations; Industrial Workers of the World; Labor unions; Mine, Mill, and Smelter Workers Union; IWW

ffsc-099 Interviewed by: (Interviewee's Grandson). June 27, 1978 in Interviewee's home in Kangas, Matt Chassell, Mich. Born in Jacobsville, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s-1940s

Places and Names: Jacobsville, MI; Hancock, MI, Boston Location, MI. Suomi College, Mine, Finnish Lutheran Book Concern

Subjects: Boston Location (Mich.); Cobalt (Ont.); Emigration and immigration; Food--Drying. Food preservation; Hancock (Mich.); Home remedies; Houghton (Mich.); Isle Royale Mine (Mich.); Jacobsville (Mich.); Mining accidents; Personal History; Rural education; Suomi Synod;

ffsc-101 Karinen, Hilda (Tauriainen) Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown) Born 1893

Places and Names: Otter Lake, MI; Pelkie, MI; Chassell, MI; Houghton, MI; Alaska; Tapiola, MI. Askel School, Sturgeon River, Otter Lake; Tapiola

Subjects: Chassell (Mich.); Finnish Americans; Finnish language; Gardening--Michigan--Upper Peninsula; Pelkie (Mich.); Sauna; Tapiola (Mich.); Yogurt;

ffsc-103 Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. November 6, 1976 in Interviewee's Home in Karjala, Elmina Tamarack Mills, Mich. Born 1893 Inclusive dates: 1900s-1940s

Subjects: Bread baking; Cheese making; Coffee breaks; Ethnic relations; Finnish Americans Food preservation; Gardening--Michigan--Upper Peninsula; Knitting; Rural education; Sauna; Tatting; Weaving; Wool dyeing;

ffsc-102 Karjala, Mrs. Isaac Interviewed by: Bleise, Arbutus. 19 Nov 1973 Born abt 1893, Hubbell, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Hubbell, MI; Dover-Oneco Location; Tamarack Mills, Dollar Bay, Torch Lake, MI. Dover School

Subjects: Business enterprises -- Hubbell (Mich.); Community life -- Hubbell (Mich.); Community life -- Keweenaw Peninsula (Mich.); Epidemics -- Keweenaw Peninsula (Mich.); Farming -- Hubbell (Mich.); Hobbies & crafts -- Women; Housing -- Keweenaw Peninsula (Mich.) Medical care -- Hubbell (Mich.); Recreation -- Hubbell (Mich.); Religious life -- Hubbell (Mich.); Rural schools -- Hubbell (Mich.); Schools -- Dollar Bay (Mich.); Shipping -- Great Lakes (North America); Transportation -- Hubbell (Mich.);

ffsc-104 Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. 11 Oct 1976 in Karkanen's home Karkanen, Julia in Snake River, Mich. Born abt 1920 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Subjects: Blood pancakes/sausage; Cooking, Finnish -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Family -- History; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Hobbies & crafts -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Holidays, Finnish -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-105 Karni, Ina (Niemi) Interviewed by: Ollila, Douglas. 20 Jul 1973 in Cook, Minn. Born in South Dakota Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Cokato, MN; Bendon, ND; South Dakota; ; Cook, MN. St. Louis County School system, Laapala

Subjects: Alcohol -- Cook (Minn.); Community life -- Belden (N.D.) Community life -- Cook (Minn.); Diseases; Ethnic groups -- North Dakota; Family -- History; Farming -- Cook (Minn.); Finnish Americans; Great Depression; Laestadianism -- Minnesota; Laestadianism -- North Dakota; Nursing -- Cook (Minn.); Political participation -- Cook (Minn.); Silicosis -- Minnesota; Socialism -- North Dakota; Traditional medicine;

ffsc-107 Keifer, Charles Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 9 Aug 1972 Born 21 Apr 1878, Lake Linden, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1880s - 1970s

Places and Names: Lake Linden, MI; Calumet, MI. Grand Theatre -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Gregorie; Bosch, Joseph;

Subjects: Alcohol -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Anecdotes -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Bars (Drinking establishments) -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Brothels -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Brothels -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Business enterprises -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Community life -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Courtship -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Courtship -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Family -- History Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Family -- History; Farming -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Fires -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Fourth of July celebrations -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Great Depression; Marriage -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Pioneers -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Prohibition; Real property -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Recreation -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Theaters -- Lake Linden (Mich.); Traditional medicine;

ffsc-108 Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 1 Aug 1972 Kelly, Michael

Subjects: Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914 boarding houses; church; Depression; Dodgeville; Family -- History; home remedies; Isle Royal Mine; mining conditions Prohibition; Saloons; Temperance Halls; unions;

ffsc-109 Kemppainen, Hugo ; McClung, Sam Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 8 Dec 1975

ffsc-110 Kero, Walerus Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 4 Dec 1975

Subjects: First Apostolic Lutheran Church

ffsc-111 Keto, John Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). July 19, 1973 Born 1880, Vaasa, Finland Inclusive dates: 1900s-

Subjects: Calumet (Mich.); Copper mining; Finnish Americans; Painesdale (Mich.); Strikes--1910-1920; Suomi Synod; Temperance--United States--Societies, etc.--History; Trimountain (Mich.);

ffsc-112 Interviewed by: Anderson, Wallace. 1 Aug 1974 Kezele, Joseph ; Foremen , Willard

Subject terms: Copper mines and Mining; United States. Work Projects Administration; Mining corporations, Livestock; Bar fights; Clark Mine

ffsc-113 King, Ida Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Ralph

ffsc-114 King, Jane Interviewed by: King, Keith. 28 Jun 1973 Born in Excelsior Location, Ishpeming, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Ishpeming, MI; Marquette, MI

Subjects: Automobiles; Fires -- Ishpeming (Mich.); Mine accidents -- Ishpeming (Mich.); Mines and mining -- Ishpeming (Mich.); Picnics -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Roads -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Schools -- Ishpeming (Mich.); Transportation -- Ishpeming (Mich.);

ffsc-115 Kivisaari, Amanda Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 10 Aug 1973. In Finnish Born in Lapua, Finland Inclusive dates: 1800-

Places and Names: Lapua; Alder, Minnesota; John Kivisaari; John Wargelin; Pastor Lepisto

Subjects: Alcohol; Childhood; Education; Emigration and immigration; Language & lifestyles; Leisure; Medical care; Religion; Societies;

ffsc-116 Interviewed by: Ranta, Eero. 22 Jul 1973 Klemetti, Mrs. Hugo

Places and Names: Electric Park, North Star Hall

Subjects: Family -- History;

ffsc-117 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 31 Jul 1972 in Koepel, Louis office, Hancock, Mich. Born 18 Mar 1909, , Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 11000s

Places and Names: Freda, MI; Beacon Hill, MI; Painesdale, MI; Hubble, MI. Mill -- Freda; White Pine; Jeffers High School

Subjects: Automobiles; Copper mines and mining -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Great Depression; Medical care -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Mines and mining -- Montana; Political participation -- Hubbell (Mich.); Recreation -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Religious life -- Beacon Hill (Mich.); Religious life -- Hubbell (Mich.); Schools -- Beacon Hill (Mich.); Schools -- Painesdale (Mich.); Societies -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Tourism -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Winter -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-118 Koivisto, Edith Armida (Laine) Interviewed by: Ollila, Douglas. 3 Aug 1973 in Hibbing, Minn. Born 1881, Finland Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Hibbing, MN; Duluth, MN. Työväen Opisto

Subjects: Artists, Finnish-American; Cooperative societies -- Hibbing (MN); Family -- History; Finnish Americans -- Minnesota; Industrial Workers of the World -- Minnesota; Koivisto, Arvid, 1886-1964; Koivisto, Edith, 1881-1981; Laukki, Leo; Societies -- Hibbing (Minn.); Work People's College (Duluth, Minn.);

ffsc-119 Koopikka, Eva Juliana Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. 11 Oct 1976 in Koopikka family (Koski) home in Kearsarge, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s Born in Kearsarge, Mich.

Places and Names: Kearsarge, Mich. Kaleva Hall

Subjects: Christmas; Cooking, Finnish -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Crocheting; Hobbies & Crafts; Knitting; Rag rugs -- Michigan -- Upper Peninsula; Rugs -- Finland; Ryijy; Weaving; Christmas traditions; Joulupukki

ffsc-120 Koski, Aily (Elo) Interviewed by: Ollila, Douglas. 8 Aug 1973 in Duluth, MN Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Virginia, MN; Duluth, MN; Wolf, MN; Cherry, MN; St. Louis County, MN. Alpena Mine, Wirehouse Lumber Co.; Salmi, W.W

Subjects: Community Life -- St. Louis County (Minn.); Community Life -- Virginia (Minn.); Family -- History; Iron Ranges -- Minnesota Marxism -- Minnesota; Rural Schools -- St. Louis County (Minn.); Schools; Socialism -- Finnish Americans; Socialism -- Minnesota; St. Louis County (Minn.); Steel Strike, Minnesota, 1916; Teaching; Työmies Society (U.S.);

ffsc-121 Koski, Ernie Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 26 June 1973 in Työmies Eteenpäin Publishing Co. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Ironton, MN; Hibbing, MN; Orr, MN; Muskegon, MI; ; Ontonagon, MI; Astoria, OR; Ironwood, MI; Moscow, Soviet Union. Cloquet Lumber Co.; Continental Motor Works; Oliver Mining Co.; Työmies Eteenpäin

Subjects: Blacksmiths, Finnish American; Community Life -- Orr (Minn.); Cooperative Societies; Distilling, Illicit -- Minnesota; Education; Family -- History; Lumber Camps -- Minnesota; Socialism; Soviet Union; Työmies Publishing Company; Työmies Society (U.S.); Working Conditions; World Peace Congress, 1965 World War, 1939-1945 -- Finland;

ffsc-122 Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. October 15, 1976 in Interviewee's home in Koski, Saima (Juntunen) Hancock, Mich. Born 18100, Oskar, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s-1930s

Places and Names: Oskar, MI. Contains: 3 recipes from Saima Koski: Nisu, Pannukakku, Hot milk cake

Subjects: Coffee breaks; Farm Life; Finnish Americans; Finnish cooking; Food Preservation; Gardening--Michigan--Upper Peninsula; Home remedies; logging; Recipes; Oskar (Mich.); Weaving;

ffsc-123 Koski, Richard Interviewed by: Puotinen, Heino "Hap". 19 July 1972 in Koski's Home, Ontonagon County Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Ontonagon, MI. Adventure Mine

Subjects: Automobiles -- Model T Ford; Boardinghouses; Emigration and Immigration; Ethnic groups -- Michigan; Farming -- Michigan; Labor Unions; Lumber Camps -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-124 Kugler, Mrs. Paulina; Interviewed by: Kurtti, Jim Eisermann, Mathilda; Nykanen, Minnie; Wubbena, Ms. Lenora; Popke, Mrs. Helene

Places and Names: Bruce Crossing, Mich.

ffsc-125 Interviewed by: Niemi, Adrian. 16 Nov 1974 in Ely Bloomenson Nursing Home, Kuitanen, Cecilia Ely, Minn. Born 18100, St. Petersburg, Russia Inclusive dates: 1890s - 1970s

Places and Names: Ely, MN; Whitton, MN; Minot, ND. Mine

Subjects: Boardinghouses; Clock and Watch Making; Communities -- Finnish American; Community Life -- Minnesota; Cooperative Societies Emigration and Immigration; Lumber; Mining -- Ely (Minn.); Sauna -- Minnesota;

ffsc-126 Kuntz, Mrs.; Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 1975 in Chassell, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1890s - 1940s Courchaine, Joe; Latendresse, Mrs. Born 9 Sept. 1891, Portage Twp, Mich.

Places and Names: Chassell, MI. Worcester Lumber Company

Subjects: Acetylene lamps; Chassell (Mich.); Community life; Dairy farming; Farm equipment; Farming; Farming; Franco- Americans; Medical care Physicians; Priests; Rural schools; Teachers; Threshing;

ffsc-127 Kuopus, Wilbert Interviewed by: Anderson, Wallace 17 Jul 1972 in Kuopus' home in Mohawk, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1960s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Mohawk, MI; Bete Gris, MI; Keweenaw County, MI . A.L. Heideman

Subjects: Assault and Battery; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Education; Home Remedies; Quarries and quarrying; Rural Schools -- Keweenaw County (Mich.); Rural Schools -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); “Scabs”; Trapping;

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ffsc-128 Lahti, Leonard Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 29 Oct 1973 Inclusive dates: 1930s - 1970s

Places and Names: Amasa, MI. Duluth Furs & Hides; Schubert Fur Co.; Mass & Stephen; "The Waltons"; Conservation Dept., Baraga, MI

Subjects: Beaver Trapping; Community Life -- Michigan; Coyote Trapping; Fishing; Fox Trapping; Fur Trade; Fur; Hides and Skins; Poaching Small Game Hunting; Teaching -- Michigan -- Keweenaw County; Television; Trapping -- Equipment and Supplies; Trapping -- Michigan; Winchester Firearms;

ffsc-129 Lahti, Leonard and Esther Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 3 Aug 1973 in The Lahti home in Herman, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Iron River. Lännen Suometar; Työmies; Industrialisti; Osuus Toiminta Lehti; Valvoja

Subjects: Cooperative societies; Ethnic Conflict; Ethnic Groups; Ethnic Press -- United States; Farming; Logging; Logging -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Logging camps; Lumber camps;

ffsc-130 Lantto, Paul Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 18 July 1973 Born 19 Apr 1888, Pudasjärvi, Finland Inclusive dates: 1900s - 11000s

Places and Names: Gay, MI; Ontonagon, MI

Subjects: Century of Progress International Exposition (1933-1934: Chicago, Ill.) Church; Communism; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Dance parties; Emigration and immigration; Great Depression; Paper mills -- Ontonagon (Mich.); Suomi College; Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Wages; World War, 1914-1918;

ffsc-131 Larsen, Evert Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 29 July 1973 in Driving in Larsen's truck in Pelkie, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1970s

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI; Chassell, MI. Houghton Lumber Company

Subjects: Bars (Drinking establishments); Communism -- Michigan -- Pelkie; Community Life; Corduroy roads Dance Halls; Dances; Ethnic Groups; Gambling; Log Transportation; Logging; Logging -- Michigan; Lumber Camps; Meat -- Preservation; Medicine; Poaching; Sawmills -- Michigan; Timber; Tonics (Medicinal preparations);

ffsc-132 Larson, Amanda (Wiltinen) Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 15 Oct 1974 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Negaunee, Lawson, Marquette, MI; Alger County, MI; Marquette, MI. Northern Michigan University; Cleveland Cliffs Iron Co.

Subjects: Education; Family -- History; Northern Michigan University; Rural Schools -- Michigan -- Alger County; Teaching; Voting

ffsc-133 Larson, Hilder and Evelyn Interviewed by: Loukinen, Elaine. 26 Nov 1973 in Pelkie, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Laurium, MI; Pelkie, MI; Baraga, MI

Subjects: Berries; Community Life; Confirmation -- Study and teaching; Corduroy Roads; Ethnic Groups; Ethnic Press; Finnish Americans; Floods; Forest Fires; Forest Fires; French-Canadians -- United States; High School; Music; Picnics - - Michigan; Porcupines; Rural Schools; Swedish Americans;

ffsc-134 Lehtinen, Kaarle H. Interviewed by: Niemi, Les. 15 Dec 1983 in Newport, N.H. In Finnish Born 27 Feb 1892 Kaukola Inclusive dates: 1892-

Places and Names: New Port, NH

Subjects: Aging; Business; Education; Emigration and immigration; Endowments Labor; Leisure; Mining; Religion;

ffsc-135 Lehto, Don; Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 3 Aug 1973 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s Heikkinen, Earnest

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI. Worcester Lumber Company; Henry Jasper; Alston Mill

Subjects: Bears; Beggars; Blueberries; Chores; Community Life; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining -- Accidents; Dairy Farming; Ethnic Groups; Farm equipment; Farm life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Farming -- Pelkie (Mich.); Farming -- Pelkie (Mich.); Forest Fires; Gristmills; Haying equipment; Hunting; Log Transportation; Logging -- Michigan; Lumber; Partridges; Peddlers; Pelkie (Mich.); Pelkie Cooperative Society (Pelkie, Mich.); Picnics; Pumping machinery; Rural families -- Pelkie (Mich.); Rural Schools; Sauna; Sawmills -- Michigan; Stags (Deer); Storytelling; Timber; Trade Schools -- Finland; Wolves;

ffsc-136 Lehto, Waino "Pops" Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 14 July 1972 in Hancock, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1960s

Places and Names: Hancock, MI. Suomi College; Nikander; Sampo Society

Subjects: Degrees, Academic; Ethnic conflicts; Finnish Americans -- Hancock (Mich.); Military Music; Nikander, J. K. (Juho Kustaa), 1855-1919; Religion; Sampo Society; Summer Schools Suomi College; Teaching; World War, 1914- 1918;

ffsc-137 Leiviska, Helen (Kruuth) Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 26 June 1973 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: New York, NY; Plummer, MN; Karelia; Soviet Union. Finnish Socialist Federation; Ku Klux Klan; Työmies Eteenpäin; Franklin D. Roosevelt

Subjects: Communism; Cooperation -- Societies, etc.; Cooperative Housing Foundation (U.S.); Cooperative Societies; Dances; Emigration and Immigration Franklin D. Roosevelt and the era of the New Deal; Karelia (Russia); Ku Klux Klan; Socialism; Temperance -- Societies, etc.; Työmies Publishing Company; Women Communists; Women socialists;

ffsc-138 Lent, Harold ; McDonald, Mrs. Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 26 July 1972 in Hancock, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1850s - 1960s

Places and Names: , England; Wausau, WI; Hancock, MI. Quincy Mining Co.

Subjects: Alcohol Burglary -- Hancock (Mich.); Cable cars (Streetcars); Copper Miners' Strike, Mich. 1913-1914; Copper Mines and Mining -- Hancock (Mich.); Education; Ethnic Groups; Family -- History; Family; Great Depression; Home Remedies; Lead Mines and Mining; School Discipline; Taxation; Teaching -- Hancock (Mich.); Teaching; Theater -- Calumet (Mich.);

ffsc-139 Lepisto, Mrs. Sigrid Interviewed by: Niemi, Adrian. 4 Dec 1974 in Interviewee's home in Duluth, MN Born 17 Dec 1897 Inclusive dates: 1890s - 1960s

Places and Names: Newberry, MI; Duluth, MN

Subjects: Choirs (Music); Church; Clergy; Community Life; Ethnic Groups; Family -- History Finnish Americans -- Newberry (Mich.); Finnish Americans; Proverbs; Teaching;

ffsc-140 Litsenberger, John Interviewed by: Padberg, Louise; Roberts, Raymond. 12 Aug 1974

Places and Names: Copper Falls, Eagle Harbor, White City, Isle Royal, Eagle River

Subjects: Blueberries

ffsc-141 Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 20 Dec 1973 Loukinen, Martin E. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Princess Point, MI. Stern-Culver Lumber Co.;

Subjects: Community Life -- Princess Point (Mich.); Copper mines and mining -- Hancock (Mich.); Discipline of Children Ethnic Groups; Family -- History; Farming -- Princess Point (Mich.); Fishing; Home Remedies; Hunting; Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919; Logging -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Lumber Camps; Midwifery -- Princess Point (Mich.); Midwifery; Physicians; Princess Point (Mich.); Proverbs; Reindeer herding; Traditional Medicine;

ffsc-142 Interviewed by: Stadius, Marybeth. 13 July 1973 in Interviewee's home in Lukkarila, Nick Mass, Mich. Born 12 Nov 1898 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Mass, MI

Subjects: Anecdotes Arson; Bars (Drinking establishments) -- Mass (Mich.); Command and control at fires; Communities; Community Life -- Mass (Mich.); Fires; Mass (Mich.); Storytelling;

ffsc-143 Lukkarila, Nick Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown)

Places and Names: Rockland Masonic Lodge

Subjects: Communism -- Mass (Mich.); Community Life -- Mass (Mich.); Cupping; Distilling, Illicit; Ethnic Conflict; Ethnic Groups; Family -- History; Freemasonry; Home remedies; Lutherans, Finnish ; Picnics; Poaching; Sports -- Mass (Mich.); Sports; Traditional Medicine;

ffsc-144 Interviewed by: Anderson, Wallace. 6 Aug 1973 in Interviewee's home between Loukkanen, Henry Born 1897, Taivalkoski (?), Eagle River and Eagle Harbor, Mich. Finland Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Mohawk, MI; Fulton, MI; Ahmeek, MI. Ahmeek Mine

Subjects: Ahmeek (Mich.); Bars (Drinking establishments); Cemeteries; Copper Mines and Mining -- Ahmeek (Mich.); Copper Miners' Strike, Mich, 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining -- Accidents; Cost and standard of living; Cupping; Emigration and Immigration; Ethnic Groups; Gunfights Shoemakers; Strikebreakers; Traditional Medicine;

M

ffsc-145 MacDonald, James Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 24 July 1972 Born 1897, Ramble Town Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1960s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI. Calumet & Hecla Mining Company, Mineral Range Railroad

Subjects: Cable cars (Streetcars) -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Calumet (Mich.); Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Carnivals -- Calumet (Mich.) Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Distilling, Illicit; Ethnic Groups; Finnish Americans; Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Mineral Range Railroad Company; Politics; Prohibition

ffsc-146 Maclean, Blanche Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 25 July 1973 in Hancock, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1970s

Places and Names: D & N Building and Loans Association; Scott Hotel

Subjects: Advertising; Directors; Liberty bonds; Savings and loan associations; Savings bonds; Secretaries; Stock Market Crash, 1929; Thrift institutions; World War, 1939-1945;

ffsc-148 Maki, Anselm "Anssu" Interviewed by: Puotinen, Heino "Hap". 23 July 1972 in Green, Mich. In Finnish Born 12 Jan 1887, Finland

Places and Names: Ontonagon, MI; South Range, MI . Dry Mountain Mines; White Wine Mines;

Subjects: Copper Mines and Mining; Dances; Iron mines and mining; Timber--Rafting;

ffsc-149 Maki, George, Taimi and Joe Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael and Elaine

Places and Names: Faith Lutheran Church

ffsc-150 Interviewed by: Niemi, Adrian. December 26, 1975 in Hilma Maki's home in Maki, Hilma ; Laine, Anne Virginia, Mich. Born in Soudan, Minn. Inclusive dates: 1900s-1920s

Places and Names: Soudan, MN. Soudan, MN

Subjects: Cupping; Ethnic relations; Finnish Americans; Mining; Rural Education, Finnish Language Soudan (Minn.); Trolls--Finland--Folklore; Sauna

ffsc-151 Maki, Senja (Maunu) Interviewed by: Ollila, Douglas. 9 Aug 1973 in Ely, Minn. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Ely, MN; Franklin, MN. Maki's Clothing

Subjects: Clergy; Ely (Minn.); Ethnic Groups; Finnish-American Newspapers; Finnish Newspapers; Kaleva (Mich.); Lutheran Church in America; Merchants; Politics; Religious life -- Ely (Minn.); Socialism -- Ely (Minn.); Temperance -- Societies, etc.;

ffsc-152 Maki, Wilho "Buck" Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 3 Oct 1974 in Alston, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Subjects: Country Life; Crosscut Saws; Distilling, illicit; Farming; Stores; Hunting; Log Transportation; Logging; Lumber Camps -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Pelkie (Mich.); Railroad travel; Railroads -- Pelkie (Mich.); Rural Conditions; Storytelling; Teamsters; Timber; ; Trapping; Truck Drivers;

ffsc-153 Mantila, Ron Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown)

ffsc-154 Martin, Matt Interviewed by: Rankinen, E. Olof. In Finnish

ffsc-155 Martino, Bill Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. September 8, 1973 in DNM Offices, Detroit, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1910-1960s

Places and Names: Detroit, MI. Detroit, MI; Detroit Institute of Technology

Subjects: Banking; Detroit; Mortgage banks; Real estate development;

ffsc-156 Interviewed by: King, Keith. 29 July 1973 in Jackson Mine Museum, Negaunee Twp, Matthews, Frank Mich. Born 1902, Negaunee, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1840s - 1970s

Places and Names: Negaunee, MI. Jackson Mine; Cleveland Cliffs Iron Co.

Subjects: Anecdotes; Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company; Cornish ; Ethnic Groups; Forge shops; Iron Mines and Mining -- Accidents; Iron Mines and Mining -- Michigan; Jackson Mine Museum (Negaunee, Mich.); Negaunee (Mich.); Railroads;

ffsc-157 Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Ralph. 26 Jul 1973 in Interviewee's home in South Range, Mattila, John and Saima Mich. In Finnish Born 22 July 1896 (John) Inclusive dates: 1800-1920s

Places and Names: Minnesota; North-Dakota; Hancock; South Range, MI. ; Knights of Kalevala; Boston location school; Highway school

Subjects: Agriculture; Copper Mines and Mining; Education; Emigration and immigration; Food; Knitting; Radio programs Teaching;

ffsc-158 Mattson, Mr. and Mrs. Matt ; Swetish, Mr. and Mrs. Joe Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 6 Aug 1972 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1940s

Places and Names: Isle Royale Mine

Subjects: Bicycles; Church; Distilling, Illicit; Drinking of alcoholic beverages; Family -- History; Home remedies; Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Temperance -- Societies, etc.; Traditional Medicine; United States. Works Progress Administration;

ffsc-159 Mattson, Peter Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 23 July 1972 Born 1908 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1940s

Places and Names: Dodgeville, MI. Isle Royale Mine

Subjects: Alcohol; Bars (Drinking establishments); Beer Wagon; Brothels; Communism; Education; Family -- History; Finnish-American Newspapers; Great Depression; Isle Royale Mine (Mich.); Labor Unions; Lumber Camps -- Michigan; Prostitution; United States. Works Progress Administration;

ffsc-160 McMahon, Jack Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 8 Aug 1973 in Franklin Mine location Born 1916 Inclusive dates: 1870s - 1970s

Places and Names: McGinty's Resort, Copper Harbor, MI

Subjects: Air Travel; Border security; ; Communism; Communism -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Community Life; Copper Harbor (Mich.); Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Customs appraisal; Distilling, illicit; Education; Education, Elementary; Emigration and Immigration; Ethnic Groups; Family -- History; Great Depression; Irish Americans; Midwifery -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Midwifery; Picnics; Politics; Prohibition; Railroads; Schools; Strikebreakers; Tourism;

ffsc-161 McManiman, Charles O. Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 17 July 1972 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Hancock, MI; Houghton, MI. Markham's Candy; Karger & Sons; Weaver & Sons; Peninsula Wholesale Grocery Company; Produce Company; Michigan Tech.; "Mine Time"; "Fast Time"

Subjects: Blacksmithing; Blacksmiths -- Hancock, MI; Carriage and Wagon Making; Churches; Democrats -- Michigan; Ethnic Conflict; Ethnic Groups; Horseshoeing; Politics; Politics; Religion; Voting;

ffsc-162 Michelson, Andrew Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. July 1972 in Hancock, Mich. Born 1987, Norway Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Minneapolis, MN; Graybull, WY; Mile City, MT; Hancock, MI; Nigeria; Chicago, Il. Moody Bible Institute

Subjects: Apostolic Lutheran Church of America; Clergy; Family -- History; Laestadianism; Moody Bible Institute; Preaching; Sunday Schools; Tailoring;

ffsc-163 Mikkola, Chef Interviewed by: Whitman, Robert

Places and Names: Upper Peninsula, MI; Paavola, MI

Subjects: Hancock (Mich.); Hiring of employees; Hunting; Mining; Paavola (Mich.); Upper Peninsula (Mich.)--Social life and customs; Wages;

ffsc-164 Milden, Gary Interviewed by: Antilla, Elroy. 6 Aug 1975 in Suomi College Born 1940, Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1940s-11000s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Lake Linden, MI. Grade School, St. Joe's Grade School; Lake Linden-Hubbell High School

Subjects: Calumet (Mich.); Lake Linden (Mich.); Rural education

ffsc-165 Miller, Gust Interviewed by: Niemi, Adian. 4 Dec 1974 in Duluth, Minn. In Finnish Born 1892, Kuortane, Finland Inclusive dates: 1920s - 1970s

Places and Names: Eveleth, MN; Duluth, MN. August Rintala (Miller's birth name); Oliver Mining Co.; Duluth Ice and Fuel Co.

Subjects: Choirs (Music); Dancing; Duluth (Minn.); Emigration and Immigration; Ethnic Conflict; Knights of Kaleva; Shipbuilding -- Accidents; Shipbuilding -- Duluth (Minn.); Shipyards;

ffsc-166 Miller, Mrs. Helene Interviewed by: Sonneman, Dr. Carl. June 8, 1975 in Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1905-1920

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Laurium, MI. Lake View Cemetery; Red Jacket School; Carmel Church; Electric Park

Subjects: Blizzards; Calumet (Mich.); Laurium (Mich.); Red Jacket (Mich.); Rural education; South Bend (Ind.); Street car lines; Swedish Americans;

ffsc-167 Mills, Edward W. and Mrs.; Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 9 Aug 1972 Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1970s Ruolo, Mrs. Edward Born 1905

Places and Names: Calumet, MI. Italian Hall; Calumet and Hecla Mining Co.; McNaughton, James

Subjects: Ambulance Driving; Calumet & Hecla Band; Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Chicago Bridge & Iron Co.; Copper Mines and Mining -- Accidents; Copper Mines and Mining -- Calumet (Mich.); Dances; Distilling, illicit; Great Depression; Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Logging; Lumber Camps -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Lumber; Prohibition; Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945. ; Singing; Teaching; Teamsters; Theaters -- Calumet (Mich.); Timber; United States. Works Progress Administration; World War, 1914-1918.; World War, 1939-1945;

ffsc-168 Mills, Mrs. Edward Interviewed by: Mills, Gary J. Born 9 June 1907, Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1920s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI. Calumet Schools

Subjects: Baths; Beggars; Butchers; Calumet (Mich.); Chiropractors; Church; Clergy -- Calumet (Mich.); Copper Mines and mining; Cows; Cupping; Dairy Farming; Education; Family -- History; Farming -- Bruce Crossing (Mich.); Finnish- American Newspapers; Games; Glazing -- Detroit (Mich.); Great Depression; Health Insurance Home Remedies; Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919.; Local exchange trading systems -- Hancock (Mich.); Log Transportation; Logging; Lumber Camps; Lumber Camps; Medicine; Outdoor recreation; Outhouses; Physicians; Politics; Public Baths; Railroad Construction workers; Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ); Sauna; Schools; Socialism -- Calumet (Mich.); Stock Market Crash, 1929; Suicide; Teachers; Timber; Traditional medicine;

ffsc-169 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 26 July 1973 in Dr. Murtonen's Office, Hancock, Murtonen, Dr. Leonard Mich. Born 1896, Calumet Inclusive dates: 1900s - 11000s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Bruce Crossing, MI; Detroit, MI; Hancock, MI. North Star Society; Arthur Leopold Heideman; H.J. Jasberg; Big Louie Moilanen; Wolverine Mine; White Pine Mine; National College of Chiropractic; Hoffman Drops; Dr. Koivupalo

Subject terms: Children's games; Pastimes; Entertainment

ffsc-170 Mustonen, Mabel Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. 14 Oct 1976 in Lake Linden Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Subjects: Arts and crafts; Embroidery; Family -- History; Jewelers; Looms; Sauna; Sewing; Weaving;

ffsc-171 Mutkala, Arthur Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 3 Aug 1973 Inclusive dates: 1920s - 11000s

Places and Names: Simon Saw Co.; Caterpillar Tractor Co.

Subjects: Anecdotes; Bear Hunting; Caterpillar Tractors; Chain saws; Coyotes; Crawler Tractors; Crosscut saws; Deer hunting; Finnish-Americans Great Depression; Hunting Lodges; Hunting; Log Transportation; Logging -- Accidents -- Michigan; Logging -- Equipment and supplies; Logging -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Lumber Camps -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Piecework; Poaching; Teamsters; Timber; Timber; Trapping;

ffsc-172 Mutkala, Eva Interviewed by: Loukinen, Elaine. 28 Sept 1974 in Eva's weaving room, Pelkie, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1970s

Subjects: Arts and crafts; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Hobbies & crafts -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Rag Rugs; Weaving;

ffsc-173 Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. November 11, 1976 in Interviewee's home in Lake Linden, Myers, Ina-Ilona Mich. Born 1905 Inclusive dates: 1900s-1920s

Subjects: Crafts; Estonian language--Comparison; Finnish -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Finnish language; Finnish- Americans; Home remedies; Strikes; Tatting; Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Weaving;

ffsc-174 Mykkanen, Impi Edith (Samanen) Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown) Born 1898, Saarijarvi, Finland Inclusive dates: 1905-1925

Places and Names: Chatham, MI; Ishpeming, MI. Chatham Post Office; Chatham Experimental Station; Suomi College

Subjects: Chatham (Mich.); Ethnic relations; Finnish Americans; Ishpeming (Mich.); Rural Education; Suomi College; Suomi Synod

ffsc-175 Myrick, William Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown)

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ffsc-176 Nancarrow, Jennie Grace Interviewed by: Berry, Betty. 12 July 1973 in Houghton, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1960s

Places and Names: Freda Park; Electric Park

Subjects: Boats and boating; Christmas; Community Life -- Houghton (Mich.); Dancing; Excursion boats; Family -- History; Festive foods for the holidays; German Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Government employment; Lake Steamers; Medical care; Outdoor recreation for children; Paddle Steamers; Passenger ships; Picnics; Picnics; Riverboats; Skating Rinks; Theater; Transportation; Winter -- Recreation -- Houghton (Mich.);

ffsc-177 Narhi, Gladys Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 31 Sept 1974 in Pelkie, Mich. Born 20 Jan 1915, Minneapolis, Minn. Inclusive dates: 1940s - 1970s

Places and Names: Eau Claire, WI; Chicago, Il; Pelkie, MI. 4-H

Subjects: Child rearing; Community Life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Country Life; Culture; Family -- History; Farming; Finnish- Americans; Gardening; Parenting; Pelkie (Mich.); Sauna; Stoves, ;

ffsc-178 Nash, Jim Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 2 July 1973 Inclusive dates: 1939 - 1970s

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI. Lake Ladoga

Subjects: Anecdotes; Armed forces; Armies; Black Bear Hunting; Community Life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Deer Hunting; Finnish- Americans; Fishing; Hand-to-hand fighting; Local exchange trading systems; Russo-Finnish War, 1939-1940.; Ski patrollers; Soldiers; Tracking and trailing; Venison; Winter warfare;

ffsc-179 Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 28 Jul 1972 Nelson, Alex

Subject terms: Agassiz, Alexaner; Corporate paternalism; C & H Librarian, Mrs. Grearson; Emigration and immigration; Flying discs (Game); Norwegian language; 1913; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Agassiz, Alexander, 1835- 1910; Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Libraries

ffsc-180 Nelson, Rev. Keith Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 26 Sept 1973 in Pelkie, Mich. Born in Minneapolis, Minn. Inclusive dates: 1970 - 1973

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI; Pastor Keith Nelson

Subjects: Alcohol; Baptism and church membership; Campaign management; Church attendance; Church committees; Church work with older people -- Pelkie (Mich.); Church; Clergy; Community Life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Country Life; Drunkenness; Finnish-Americans -- Pelkie (Mich.); Liturgies; Lutheran Church; Parish Councils; Religious Life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Rural elderly; Social work administration;

ffsc-181 Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 6 Aug 1972 Nicholas, Jean

Subject terms: Champion (Mich.); Teaching; Great Depression

ffsc-182 Niemi, Arthur J. and Ilma Interviewed by: Niemi, Adrian. 18 Apr 1975 Arthur Born 1901, Kenton, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Virginia, MN; Payne, MN; Eveleth, MN. Virginia-Rennie Lake Co.

Subjects: Anecdotes; Church; Farming; Finnish-Americans; Food; Fourth Of July Celebrations; Iron Mines and Mining; Logging; Lumber camps; Lumber-yards -- Accidents; Lumber-yards; Payne (Minn.); Religious Life -- Virginia (Minn.); Sawmills -- Virginia (Minn.);

ffsc-183 Niemisto, Reuben Interviewed by: Lavery, Allan. 30 Jan 1974 Born Dec 1925, Pelkie, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1920s - 1970s

Places and Names: Alston Mill; Ford Motor Co.

Subjects: Band Saws; Circular Saws; Crawler Tractors; Farm Life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Farming; Ford Motor Company; Loaders (Machines); Logging -- Equipment and supplies; Logging -- Pelkie (Mich.); Logging trucks; Lumber Camps; ; Salvage (Waste, etc.); Sawmills -- Equipment and supplies; Sawmills -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); ; Wood;

ffsc-184 Niska, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Interviewed by: Anderson, Wallace. 5 Aug 1973 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Calumet Theatre; People's Theatre, Laurium

Subjects: Entertainment events; Ethnic Groups; Finnish Americans -- Calumet (Mich.); General Stores; Grocery delivery; Language and languages; Linguistic change; Motion picture theaters; Theaters;

ffsc-185 Noblet, U. John and Gladys Interviewed by: Berry, Betty. 4 Dec 1973 in Interviewee's home, Houghton, Mich. (Nebel) Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Gladstone, MI; Alger County, MI. Marvel Iron Co.; Buckeye Plant, Gladstone; Mrs. Swenson; Michigan Technological University; Diamond Match Co.

Subjects: Athletics; Banks and banking; Blueberries; Bunyan, Paul (Legendary character); Chimney Sweeps; Church; College Sports -- Houghton (Mich.); Community Life -- Houghton (Mich.); Custom-made clothing; Deer; Diphtheria; Education; Ethnic Groups; Family -- History; Gladstone (Mich.); Hockey; Influenza Epidemic, 1918-1919.; Leisure; Log Brands Log Transportation; Logging -- Equipment and supplies; Logging -- Gladstone (Mich.); Lumber Camps; Michigan Technological University; Newspapers; Pageants; Piecework; Plays; Politics; Presbyterian Church; Proverbs; Rationing; Sprinting; Sunday school; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865.; White pine.; Women -- Societies and clubs.; World War, 1939-1945; World War, 1914-1918.;

ffsc-186 Nodstrom, Charles O. Interviewed by: Lager, Dr. . February 6, 1978 Born 1898, Soudan, Minn. Inclusive dates: 1900-1920

Places and Names: Soudan, MN

Subjects: Crookston (Minn.) Homesteading; Locomotive engineers; Logging--Minnesota; Railroads--Minnesota--Duluth-- History--20th century;

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ffsc-401 Interviewed by: Kessler, Odgers, Millicent Marie Catherine. 1 July 1973 in Born in the United States Iron River, Mich.

Places and Names: Iron River, Mich.

Subjects: Christmas; Family -- History; Games -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.) Home Remedies; Ku Klux Klan; Mines and mining -- Iron River (Mich.)

ffsc-187 Oikarinen, Jafet Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 27 Jul 1972

ffsc-188 Oinas, Arthur Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 3 Aug 1972

Subject terms: Copper mines and mining; Business and politics; Voting; J. P. C.; Agriculture; Farms; Great Depression

ffsc-189 Oja, Matti and Lyyli Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 6 Dec 1975 in Interviewee's residence in L'Anse, Mich. Born 1894, Finland Inclusive dates: 1900s-11000s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Pelkie, MI. Pelkie School; Maude Cameron; Pelkie First Apostolic Church

Subjects: Apostolic Lutheran Church of America; General stores; Pelkie (Mich.); Apostolic Lutheran Church of America; General stores; Pelkie (Mich.);

ffsc-190 Oja, Matt and Reuben Interviewed by: Lavery, Allan Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1970s

Places and Names: Pelkie; Arvon; Tapiola, MI. Worcester Lumber Company; Ford Motor Company; Cliff-Dow Chemical; Mercury Powers Saws

Subjects: Chain saws; Ford Motor Company; General Stores; Log Transportation; Logging -- Equipment and supplies; Logging -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Lumber Camps -- Upper Peninsula ( Mich.); Sawmills -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Timber;

ffsc-191 Ojala, Esther Interviewed by: Lack, Nancy. 3 Dec 1974 in Interviewee's home in Hancock, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1910-1930

Places and Names: Houghton County, MI. Liminga School; Oskar School; Boston School; Pewabic School, Hancock Jr. High School, Newberry School, St. Joseph School; E.B. Holman; Northern Michigan College of Education;

Subjects: Normal schools; Rural schools -- Michigan; Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Wages;

ffsc-192 Ojala, Esther and Lyle Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 24 July 1973 in Interviewee's home in Hancock, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1880s - 1940s

Places and Names: Hancock, MI; Newberry, MI; Liminga, MI. Henry Ford

Subjects: Cable cars (Streetcars); Child health services; Church and education; Classroom management; Dress codes; Education, rural; Emigration and immigration; Ethnic conflict; Ethnic groups; Family -- History; Finnish Americans; Apostolic Lutheran Church of America; Ford, Henry, 1863-1947; Irish Americans; Lay preaching; Medical care; Political participation; Politics; Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919; Rural Schools -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); School discipline; School health services; Summer schools; Teaching;

ffsc-193 Ojala, Toivo Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 22 Sept 1974 Inclusive dates: 1920s - 11000s

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI. Mineral Range Railroad

Subjects: Bars (Drinking establishments); Creameries; Delivery of goods; Handcars; Log transportation; Lumber trade; Mineral Range Railroad Company; Motion picture theaters; Railroad accidents; Railroad Construction workers; Railroads; Tie hacks; Transportation;

ffsc-194 Olander, Robert Interviewed by: Oikarinen, Peter. 1 Jul 1975

Subject terms: Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Waddell Detective agency

ffsc-1100 Ollanketo, John Interviewed by: Ton, John. 17 Dec 1974

ffsc-196 Olson, Maurice Interviewed by: Lavery, Allan. 31 Jan 1974 in Celotex Corporation, L'Anse, Mich. Inclusive dates: 11000s - 1970s

Places and Names: Celotex Corporation

Subjects: Aspen; Celotex Corporation; and forestry -- Valuation; Log Transportation; Logging trucks; Lumber trade; Truck drivers; Waste disposal in the ground; Water -- Purification; Wood chips; Wood waste;

ffsc-197 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 13 Jul 1972 O'Meara, James and Lydia

ffsc-198 O'Meara, Jim Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 2 Feb 1975

Subject terms: Emigration and immigration; Ethnic relations; Great Depression

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ffsc-199 Padberg, Louise Interviewed by: Litsenberger, John. 29 June 1974 in Interviewee's home in Copper Falls, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1920s

Subjects: Blacksmiths; Early memories Education; Family -- History; Rural Schools;

ffsc-200 Interviewed by: Helgren, Dorias & Harju, Larry. 23 July 1974 in Interviewee's home in Paulson, Fred J. Hancock, Mich. Born 1902 Inclusive dates: 1930s - 1960s

Places and Names: Hancock, MI; Paulson, Fred

Subjects: Alcoholism and crime; Brothels; Criminals; Drunk driving; Ex-police officers; Female offenders; Firearms and crime; Firearms; Juvenile delinquents; Law Enforcement; Lie detectors and detection; Mentally ill offenders; Michigan State Police; Murderers; Police shootings; Police; Prostitution; Sheriffs; Strikes and lockouts; Traffic accidents;

ffsc-201 Pelto, Alfred Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael in Driving from Pelkie to Houghton

Subjects: Cutting Ice

ffsc-202 Pelto, Alfred Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 20 Oct 1973 Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1930s

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI. Tom Bond's Bar; Pelkie Cheese Factory

Subjects: Bars (drinking establishments); Bedbugs; Cheese factories -- Pelkie (Mich.); Crawler Tractors; Creameries; Dairy farming; Ethnic groups; Farming; French Canadians; Logging -- Equipment and supplies; Lumber Camps -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); ; Pelkie (Mich.); Sawmills; Teamsters; Theft; Wages;

ffsc-203 Pelto, Alfred Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 4 Dec 1975 Born in Ishpeming, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1920s-1940s

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI; Ishpeming, MI; Nisula, MI; Alston, MI; Alberta, MI;

Subjects: Alston (Mich.); Farming L'Anse (Mich.); Longyear Company; Nisula (Mich.); Pelkie (Mich.); Sawmills; Alston (Mich.); Farming L'Anse (Mich.); Longyear Company; Nisula (Mich.); Pelkie (Mich.); Sawmills;

ffsc-204 Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 4 Oct 1974 in Interviewee's home in Froberg area, Pelkie, Pelto, Emil Mich.

Inclusive dates: 1880s - 1970s

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI; Froberg, MI. Godfrey and Sons; Arthur Leopold Heideman

Subjects: Agriculture; Apostolic Lutheran Church of America; Cabbage; Church; Clearing of land; Communism -- Pelkie (Mich.); Country life; Cows; Dairy farming; Delivery of goods; Emigration and Immigration; Ethnic conflict; Family -- History; Farming; Fishing; Hockey -- Pelkie (Mich.); Log Driving; Rural conditions; Rural schools; Socialism;

ffsc-205 Pelto, Ilmi Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 4 Dec 1975

Places and Names: First Apostolic Lutheran Church History in Pelkie

ffsc-206 Perander, Dagmar (Saari) Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 2 Oct 1974 Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1970s

Places and Names: Elo, MI . Frans Koski; John Junttila; Pastor Pikkusaari

Subjects: Alcohol; Baking; Chickens; Chores; Christmas; Churches -- Elo (Mich.); Clergy -- Elo (Mich.); Eggs -- Production; Farming; Farming; Forest fires; General stores; Kerosene lamps; Local exchange trading systems -- Elo (Mich.); Parenting; Religion; Reputations; Rural schools;

ffsc-207 Pesonen, Emil and Elmi Interviewed by: Brown, Viola. 10 July 1973 Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1930s

Places and Names: South Range, MI; Baltic, MI

Subjects: Athletic clubs; Brothels; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich. 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining; Courtship; Emigration and immigration; Mine lighting; Motion pictures; Picnics; Skiing; Brothels

ffsc-208 Peters, Pastor James and Elaine Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 8 Dec 1975

Places and Names: Pelkie Evangelical Lutheran Church History

ffsc-209 Peterson, Helmer Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 21 Sept 1974 in Interviewee's home Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Bridgeman Russell; Whisky Pete (Pete Nelson); ; Matt Ruohokoski

Subjects: Alcoholism; Community life; Copper mines and mining; Crosscut saws; Dairy farming; Dairy products; Emigration and immigration; Ethnic conflict; Family -- History; Local exchange trading systems; Log driving; Log transportation; Logging; Lumber camps; Storytelling; Teamsters; Wounds and injuries;

ffsc-210 Polkala, John Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 30 July 1973 in Pelkie, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1970s

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI. Pelkie Cooperative Cattle Shipping Association

Subjects: Agricultural machinery; Banks and banking; Blacklisting, Labor; Board of directors; Cash discounts; Cattle -- Marketing -- Pelkie (Mich.); Communism; Community life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Consumer cooperatives; Consumer credit; Cooperative societies; Corporate law; Corporate profits -- Effect of inflation on; Creameries -- Pelkie (Mich.); Credit unions; Credit; Dance parties; Economics; Employee selection; Farming; Farming; Feed mills; General stores; Grocery shopping; Inflation (Finance); Loans; Local exchange trading systems; Mailing lists; Markup; Peddlers; Pelkie (Mich.); Petroleum refineries; Pricing; Radio advertising; Sales; Saving and investment -- Effect of inflation on; Service stations; Shopping carts; Shopping; Stocks; Tax administration and procedure; Taxation; Television advertising; Tractors Wages;

Excerpt T3S1 0:00 - 4:02 The demise of the Pelkie co-op creamery Subject terms: Pelkie, MI; Creameries; Cooperative societies

ffsc-211 Popovich, Nick Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art in Bloomensen Hospital, Ely, Minn. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Ely, MN. Savoy mine; Sibley mine; Pioneer mine

Subjects: Catholic church; Clergy; Croatian-American newspapers; Emigration and immigration; Ethnic groups; Family -- History; Iron miners -- Labor unions; Iron miners; Iron mines and mining; Literacy; Medical care; Slavic languages;

ffsc-212 Puotinen, Art ; et al Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown) Inclusive dates: 1864-1920s

Places and Names: Houghton, MI; Calumet, MI; Tapiola, MI; Ewen, MI; Trout Creek, MI; Hancock, MI; . Ransom Sheldon, Douglass Houghton; Forest Hill Cemetery; Houghton Cemetery; Electric Park, Calumet; Abram Ojala; OJ Larsson

Subjects: Calumet (Mich.); Hancock (Mich.); Homemaking; Houghton (Mich.); Houghton, Douglass, 1809-1845; Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Michigan Technological University--History; Quincy Mining Company; Rural Education; Streetcars; Strikes--1910-1920; Suomi College; Suomi Synod; Upper Peninsula (Mich.)--Church history;

ffsc-213 Puotinen, Hap Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 9 Jul 1973

ffsc-214 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 26 July 1972 in Hancock, Pykkonen, Edward and Anna (Heikkinen) Mich. Anna Born 1899, Kuhma, Oulu Lääni ; Edward Born 1894 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Paavola, MI; Chassell, MI. Quincy Mining Co.; Big Louie Moilanen

Subjects: Copper mines and mining -- Accidents; Copper mines and mining; Delivery of goods; Education; Emigration and immigration; Ethnic groups; Family -- History; Farming; Farming; Finnish Americans; Finnish-American newspapers; Funerals; General stores; Great Depression; Medical care -- Hancock (Mich.); Rural schools; Schools; Temperance -- Societies, etc.; Work Projects Administration;

ffsc-215 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 13 Jul 1972 Pyorala, Arvo

Subject terms: robberies; Crime; Upper Peninsula (Mich.)

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ffsc-216 Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 7 Sept 1974 in Quilliam, Mrs. Lillian Marquette, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1960s

Places and Names: Covington, MI; Watton, MI; Marquette, MI

Subjects: Automobiles; Chores; Church; Community life; Christmas; Ethnic groups; Ethnic relations; Farming; Fourth of July celebrations; Great Depression; Home remedies; Lutheran Church; Politics; Religion; Rural schools; School discipline; Teaching;

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ffsc-217 Interviewed by: Niemi, Adrian. 4 Rajanen, Adolph Dec 1974 in Duluth, Minn. Born 27 Nov 1900, Saarijärvi, Finland Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Wolf Lake, MN; Duluth, MN

Subjects: Barbering; Barbers; Farming; Finlandia Foundation; Finnish language; Great Depression; History -- Societies, etc.; IWW; Labor unions; Medical care; Societies; Superstition;

ffsc-218 Rankinen, E. Olaf Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 23 Jul 1972 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 11000s

Subjects: Clergy; Communism -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Confirmation; Ethnic groups -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Family -- history; Finnish Americans -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Great Depression; Pilots; Saarnivaara, Uuras; Schools -- Mass (Mich.); Socialism -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); South Range (Mich.); Suomi College; Suomi Synod;

ffsc-219 Ranta, William Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 28 Sept 1974 in Marquette, Mich. Born 1908, Marquette, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: LS & I Railroad; SS & A Railroad

Subjects: Berries; Boarding houses; Dairies; Dairies; Dairy cattle; Dairy products; Delivery of goods; Egg trade; Eggs -- Prices; Ethnic relations; Farming; Finnish Americans; German Americans; Milk -- Pasteurization; Picnics; Railroad travel; Refrigerated trucks; Rural schools; School discipline;

ffsc-220 Raymond, Edmund Interviewed by: Ranta, Eero. 2 July 1973 in Hancock, Mich. Born 15 Nov 1898, Republic, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Copper Range Railroad; Bosch Brewery

Subjects: Breweries Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914;Copper Range Railroad Company; Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Railroads;

ffsc-221 Reed, Grace (Markham) Interviewed by: Parenti, Constance. 30 June 1973 Inclusive dates: 1890s - 1920s

Places and Names: Markham's Candy

Subjects: Amusements Berries; Candy; Dress codes; Picnics;School; Travel;

ffsc-222 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 11 July 1973 in Interviewee's home in Hancock, Reinhart, Fr. Charles Mich. Born 11 July 1914, Marinette, WI Inclusive dates: 1930s - 1970s

Places and Names: Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company; Bishop Baraga; Gene Saari

Subjects: Air bases; Bars (drinking establishments); Clergy; Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company; Community life; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Ethnic groups; European immigrants and American society; Family -- History; French Americans; German Americans; Gwinn (Mich.); Hancock (Mich.); Immigrants; Irish Americans; Iron mines and mining -- Accidents; Medical care; Newberry (Mich.); Politics; Professions; Religion; Societies; State hospitals; Volunteers; Voting;

ffsc-223 Rintala, Jack Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 22 Jul 1973

ffsc-224 Interviewed by: Litsenberger, John. 9 July 1974 in Interviewee's home in Eagle Roberts, Raymond B. Harbor, Mich.

Inclusive dates: 1860s - 1920s

Places and Names: Eagle River; Calumet; Tamarack, MI; Cornwall, England. Osceola Mine; Tamarack Mining Co.; Calumet and Arizona Mining Co.; Copper Falls Mine; White City

Subjects: Alcohol; Calumet & Arizona Mining Company; Copper mines and mining; Cornwall (England : County); Eagle River (Mich.); Emigration and immigration; Fires; Fishing; Lake Steamers; Leisure; Mines and mineral resources, Prehistoric Picnics; Railroad travel; School; Sleighs; Steam boats; United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865;

ffsc-225 Rogers, Theodore Interviewed by: Helgren, Dorias & Harju, Larry. 7 Aug 1974

Subject terms: Police vehicles; Communication; Ambulances; Crime

ffsc-226 Rozich, Frances Interviewed by: Jalkanen, R.J. 8 Aug 1972 Born 1915 Inclusive dates: 1870s - 1970s

Places and Names: Mohawk; Central, MI. Mohawk Mining Co.; Central Mine; 'Copper Henry'; 'Hermit Joe Bammert'; Pete Sauer

Subjects: Anecdotes; Catholic Church; Central Mine (Mich.); Clergy; Company housing; Copper miners' strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining; Dentists; Great Depression; Housing; Ice skating; Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Medical care; Mohawk (Mich.); Mohawk Mining Company; Physicians; Piano; Politics;

ffsc-227 Ruohonen, Mr. and Mrs. Jack Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art ; Petaisto, Heikki (translator). 1 Jul 1972

ffsc-228 Ruohoniemi, Hilda Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 9 Aug 1972 Born 1905 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1930s

Places and Names: Isle Royale Mine

Subjects: Commuting; Copper mines and mining; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Cross-country skiing; Education; Family -- History; School; Streetcars; Teachers; Wages; ffsc-229 Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 3 Oct 1974 in Interviewee's home Ruona, Bill and Nora Bill Born in 1903, Baltic, Mich.; Nora Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1940s Born in 1907

Subjects: Baraga (Mich.); Bars (drinking establishments) -- Pelkie (Mich.); Billiard parlors; Characters and characteristics; Chores; Christmas; Communism; Cream-separators; Cupping; Dance halls; Dentistry; Distilling, illicit; Education, Elementary; Entertainment events; Family -- History; Farming; Fires; Floods; General stores; Grasshoppers; Great Depression; Haircutting; Ice -- Manufacture Imports; Influenza; Kerosene lamps; Medical care; Milking; Pelkie (Mich.); Politics; Railroads; Rural schools; Traditional medicine; Wagons;

ffsc-230 Ryding, Rev. Norman Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 9 Aug 1972 in Houghton, Mich. Born 1934, Ishpeming, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1930s - 1970s

Subjects: Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Clergy; Communism; Community life -- Houghton (Mich.); Great Depression; Industrial relations; Labor disputes; Labor unions; Michigan Technological University; Quincy Mining Company; Radical ideals; Swedish Americans; Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Winter War

S

ffsc-231 Interviewed by: (interviewer Saari, Katri ; Keskinen, Vera unknown). 20 Jul 1973. In Born 1893 Finnish

Inclusive dates: 1900s

Places and Names: Virginia, MN; Duluth; Ironton, MN. Kusti Saari; Risto Lappala; Vilma Lappala

Subjects: Citizenship; Cooking; Education; Emigration and immigration; Knitting; Medicine; Reading; Wages;

ffsc-232 Salmi, Walter Hugo and Mrs. Mayme Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 8 Aug 1972. In Finnish Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1960s

Places and Names: Toivola, MI. Leo Laukki; Työmies Eteenpäin; Farmer's Coop Trading Company; Gene Saari; Eli Naasko; Copper Country Commercial Club; Kilta Guild; Industrialisti; Työmies; Raivaaja

Subjects: Blacklisting, Labor; Board of directors; Clergy; Communism; Competition; Cooperative societies -- Finland; Cooperative societies; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper Range Railroad Company; Creameries; Dairy farming; Demonstrations; Education; Emigration and immigration; Family -- History; Farming; Finland; Finnish Americans; Finnish-American Newspapers; Fisheries; Industrial Workers of the World; Labor disputes; Labor Unions; Laestadianism; Laukki, Leo; Ocean travel; Oral biography; Plays; Poetry reading; Poetry; Politics; Propaganda, Anti- Russian; Religion; Roads -- Design and construction; Roads -- Widening; Schools; Social classes; Socialism; Strikes and lockouts; Supply and demand; Temperance -- Societies, etc.; Transatlantic voyages; Työmies Publishing Company; United States. Works Progress Administration; Wages -- Iron River (Mich.); Western Federation of Miners; Workers Alliance of America

ffsc-233 Salminen, Fanny (Beck) Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 7 Feb 1975 in Marquette, Mich. Born in Marquette, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Northern Michigan University; John D. Pierce Elementary School; Marquette County Fair; Northern State Teacher's College

Subjects: Clergy; Confirmation; Education; Ethnic groups; Family – History; Northern Michigan University; Northern State Teachers College (Mich.); School -- Marquette (Mich.); Sunday school -- Marquette (Mich.); Teaching; Wages;

ffsc-234 Salo, Impi Rautavirta (Saari) Interviewed by: Ollila, Douglas. 17 July 1973 in Hibbing, MN Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Hibbing, MN; Knights and Ladies of Kaleva

Subjects: Alcoholism; Church societies; Community Life; Ethnic festivals; Ethnic relations; Hibbing (Minn.); Home remedies; Iron mines and mining; Labor movements; Laestadianism; Language and languages; Medical care; Newspapers; Occupational diseases; Politics; Religion; Strikes and lockouts; Suomi Synod; Taxation; Temperance-- Societies; Traditional medicine; Voting; Wages;

ffsc-235 Sarkela, Sandra (Makela) Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 6 Nov 1974 in Negaunee, Mich. Born Dec 1899 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1920s

Places and Names: Liverpool, England; Negaunee, MI; Silver City, NM

Subjects: Boardinghouses; Children; Emigration and immigration; Family -- History; Housekeeping; International travel; Iron mines and mining; Liverpool (England); Lumber camps; Mines and mineral resources; Negaunee (Mich.); Ocean travel; Railroad travel; Railroads -- Design and construction; Rural schools; School; Teaching; Transatlantic voyages; Wages; World War, 1914-1918;

ffsc-237 Savela, Esther and Wilmer Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. 12 Nov 1976 Esther Born 1900, Boston, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s-11000s

Places and Names: Hancock, MI; Houghton, MI; Calumet, MI; Boston, MI. Buellwood Weavers

Subjects: Boston Location (Mich.); Coffee breaks; Crafts; Finnish Americans; Finnish Cooking; Food; Home remedies; Midwifery; Rural education; Scandinavian Americans--Michigan--Social life and customs; Suomi College; Upper Peninsula (Mich.)--Social life and customs Upper Peninsula; Weaving; Wood-carving;

ffsc-238 Schwalm, Fred Interviewed by: Lavery, Allan. 9 Feb 1974 Inclusive dates: 1880s - 1970s

Places and Names: Baraga, MI. P.F. Pettibone Co.; Stihl Chainsaws

Subjects: Baraga (Mich.); Bars (drinking establishments); Bus driving; Carpentry; Chain saws; Clearing of land; Family -- History; Farming; Furniture -- Prices; Furniture making; Great Depression; Hunting; Logging; Logging; Machine shops; Prices; United States. Works Progress Administration;

ffsc-239 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 2 July 1973 in Seaton, Donald W. and Kenneth Hancock, Mich. Seaton born in 1897, England ; MacLean born in Hancock, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Flint, MI. D & N Savings and Loans Association; Copper Country Man of the Year; Frank A. Douglas; William Congdon; Charles D. Hanchette; First National Bank of Hancock; Charles D. Hanchette; James R. Cooper; Scott Hotel; "Home of Thrift"; Herman Gundlach; Endicott Lovell; Servicemen's readjustment act; Michigan Savings and Loans League; Society for the Advancement of Management; US Savings and Loan League; Blanch MacLean

Subjects: Advertising; Architects and builders; Associations, institutions, etc.; Bank robberies; Branch banks; Building; Building designers; Business communication; Community life -- Hancock (Mich.); Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913- 1914; Copper mines and mining -- Michigan; Emigration and immigration; Employee fringe benefits; Employees -- Recruiting; Employees -- Training of; Ethnic groups; Freemasonry; Great Depression; Health insurance; Home ownership; House construction; Housing -- Pricing; Iron Mountain (Mich.); , 11000-11003; Labor unions; Loans; Marquette (Mich.); Mortgages; Occupational training; Owner-built houses; Patriotism; Politics; Prices; Promotions; Property; Red Cross and Red ; Renting to own; Robbery; Sales personnel; Saving and investment; Savings accounts; Savings and loan associations; Savings bonds; Shopping malls; Slogans; Societies; Stock Market Crash, 1929; Stockholders; Stocks; Thrift institutions; Thriftiness; Traveling sales personnel; Veterans; Vocational education; Welfare and society; World War, 1939-1945;

ffsc-240 Seppala, Signe Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 16 Sept 1974 in Marquette, Mich. Born 1904, Wakefield, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1940s

Places and Names: Finnish Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church; Dr. Winkler

Subjects: 4-H Clubs; Automobiles; Christmas service; Christmas; Church; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Covington (Mich.); Election day; Ethnic groups -- Covington (Mich.); Ethnic relations; Family -- History; Farming; Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church of America; Funeral rites and ceremonies Great Depression; Home remedies; Leisure; Outdoor recreation; Physicians; Politics; Religion; Rural schools -- Covington (Mich.); Teachers; United States. Works Progress Administration; Voting;

ffsc-241 Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 28 Jan 1976 in Interviewee's Sheehan, Myrtle (Dwyer) ; Wimlars, Jo Residence in Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s-1920s Born in Ireland

Places and Names: Calumet, MI;

Subjects: Calumet (Mich.); Funerals; Irish Americans; Irish American Catholics; Irish American copper miners; Irish cooking; Mourning customs ffsc-242 Shoupe, Mae Interviewed by: Githens, Monica. 17 Dec 1974 Inclusive dates: 1900-1940s

Places and Names: Franklin Township, MI; Hancock, MI; Isle Royale, MI. Franklin Township School

Subjects: Finnish Americans; Hancock (Mich.); Isle Royale (Mich.) -- History; Rural Education; Scandinavian Americans-- Michigan--History Suomi College; Upper Peninsula (Mich.)--Social life and customs;

ffsc-243 Sinervo, Eugene Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 23 Apr 1975 in Deerton, Mich. Born 1916, Palmer, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1970s

Subjects: Advertising; Amateur plays; Artists' Graphic artists; Bands (Music); Cooperative societies; Drama; Family -- History; Finnish American Newspapers; Finnish-Americans; Halls; Journalism; Lumber camps; Munising (Mich.); Paper mills; Picnics; Plays; Public buildings; Quarries and quarrying; Sign painting; Superior (Wis.); Television stations

ffsc-244 Slagg, Mrs. Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 30 Aug 1977 in Interviewee's home in Hancock, Mich.

Places and Names: Dollar Bay, MI; Houghton, MI; Hancock, MI. Dollar Bay Lumber Company; Houghton

Subjects: Dollar Bay (Mich.); Houghton (Mich.); Sawmills;

ffsc-245 Smith, Mason Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael Inclusive dates: 1940s - 1960s

Subjects: Agricultural laws and legislation; Animal waste -- Law and legislation; Cheese factories; Dairy farming; Dairy inspection; Dairy laws; Dairy products industry; Finnish Americans; Michigan Milk Producers Association; Milk -- Pasteurization; Milk hygiene; Milk; Milking machines; Prices Raw milk; Red Owl Stores, Inc; Supermarkets;

ffsc-246 Interviewed by: Anderson, Wallace. 7 Aug 1973 in Interviewee's home in Ahmeek, Snabb, Henry Mich. Born 25 Dec 1906, Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Seneca mine, Calumet, MI

Subjects: Copper; Copper mines and mining; Emigration and immigration; Ethnic groups; Italian Hall Disaster, Calumet, Mich., 1913; Leisure & Recreation; Medical care; ; Swedish Americans;

ffsc-247 Snyder, John W. Interviewed by: Barr, Robert J. 24 July 1974 Inclusive dates: 1940s - 1970s

Places and Names: Baraga County; Pequaming, MI; L'Anse, MI. Michigan Department of Natural Resources

Subjects: Anecdotes; Deer hunting; Fishing; Ford Motor Company; Hunting; Law enforcement -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Logging trucks; Lumber camps; Michigan. Dept. of Natural Resources; Pequaming (Mich.); Poaching; Poaching; Superior, Lake Trapping;

ffsc-248 Spirofff, Kiril Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 20 June 1973 in Interviewee's home Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1970s

Places and Names: Isle Royale Mine; Gene Saari; "Flaming Corncob"; The Lode

Subjects: Americanization; Anaconda (Mont.); Battle Creek (Mich.); ; College Sports; College student newspapers and periodicals; Copper mines and mining; Emigration and immigration; Engineering geologists; Ethnic groups; Ethnic relations; Family -- History; Great Depression; Iron mines and mining; Italian Americans; Lead mines and mining; Leisure; Michigan Technological University; Prohibition; Quincy Mining Company; Recreation; Silver mines and mining; Strikes and lockouts -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.) United States. Works Progress Administration -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Zinc mines and mining;

ffsc-249 Sullivan, John L. Interviewed by: Helgren, Dorias & Harju, Larry. 24 Jul 1974

ffsc-250 Sullivan, John L. Interviewed by: Helgren, Brian. 23 Jul 1974 in Michigan State Police Post: Calumet, Mich. Born in Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1920-11000s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI. Calumet Police Station; Calumet Theatre; Calumet Fire Station

Subjects: Calumet (Mich.)--History; Personal history; Rural crime;

ffsc-251 Suojanen, Reino Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 19 July 1972 Born 1902, South Carver, MA Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1970s

Places and Names: Fitchburg, MA. Pohjan Tähti; New Yorkin Uutiset; Raivaaja; Amerikan Suomalainen; Amerikan Suometar; Opas; Valvoja; WHDF Radio, Calumet; Finnish Civil War; New York Times

Subjects: Americanization Boardinghouses -- Calumet (Mich.); Church; Civil War -- Finland; Editorials; Ethnic radio broadcasting; Ethnic relations; Finnish Americans; Finnish-American Newpapers; Great Depression; Journalism; Laestadianism; Linotype; Moral Re-armament (Organization); Politics; Radio broadcasting; Reading; Socialism; Temperance -- Societies, etc.; Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Wages -- Newspaper publishing;

ffsc-252 Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 3 Oct 1974 in Interviewee's home in Alston, Mich. In Finnish Suomi, Hilja Inclusive dates: 1920s - 1940s

Places and Names: A.L. Heideman; Matt Turunen

Subjects: Bedbugs; Boardinghouses; Church; Communism; Country life; Floods -- Pelkie (Mich.); General stores; Logging; Logging; Lumber camps; Midwifery; Mineral Range Railroad Company; Religion;

ffsc-253 Supanich, Mrs. Mike Interviewed by: Antila, Elroy. 12 Aug 1975 in Interviewee's home in Mohawk, Mich. Born 1910, Laurium, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1910s-1920s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Laurium, MI. Wolverine School; Centennial School

Subjects: Calumet (Mich.); Laurium (Mich.); Rural education; Wolverine (Mich.)

ffsc-254 Suvanto, Price Arvo Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 15 Feb 1975 in Marquette, Mich. Born 1903, Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Helsinki, Finland; Copenhagen, ; Hull, England; Glasgow, ; Quebec, Canada; Marquette, MI

Subjects: Bars (drinking establishments); Delivery of goods; Education; Emigration and immigration; Ethnic groups; Family -- History; Fishing; Glasgow (Scotland); Helsinki (Finland); Hull (England); International travel; Language and languages; Ocean travel; Railroad travel; Retirement Schools; Titanic (Steamship); Transatlantic voyages;

T

ffsc-400 Tahtinen, Don ; Pelto, Alfred Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown)

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI

Subjects: Farming -- Pelkie (Mich.); Cabbage; Potatoes; Fertilizer; Mosquitoes; Gardening

ffsc-255 Interviewed by: Niemi, Adrian. 10 Feb 1975 in Interviewee's home in Duluth, Tainio, Onnie E. Minn. Born 30 Apr 1905, Kannus, Finland Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Brocket, ND; Duluth, MN. Bailey Lumber Co.; Bush Conservatory, Chicago; Pat Conway

Subjects: Bands (Music); Clearing of land; Duluth Symphony Orchestra Education; Emigration and immigration; Ethnic relations; Eveleth (Minn.); Farming; Great Depression; Iron mines and mining; Ithaca College; Logging; Music; Payne (Minn.); University of Minnesota; Virginia (Minn.); Wages;

ffsc-257 Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. April 1974 in Tapiola Senior Citizens Tapiola Senior Citizen's Club Club

Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1940s

Places and Names: Bridgeman Russell; Otter Lake; Electric Park; Dorphy, Bill

Subjects: Agriculture; Berries; Blueberries; Bread; Canning and preserving; Characters and characteristics; Chores; Clearing of land; Coffee; Community life; Country life; Creameries -- Pelkie (Mich.); Dances; Emigration and immigration; Family; Farming; Farming; Fires; Fishing; Fruit trees; Gardens; Homestead law; Housekeeping; Laundry; Leisure; Local exchange trading systems; Log transportation; Logging; Lumber camps; Milking; Picnics; Recreation; Salted fish; Salting of food; Turpeinen, Viola, 1909-11008; Washboards;

ffsc-258 Tauriainen, Matt and Hilja Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 28 July 1972 in Askel, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1890s - 1970s

Places and Names: Otter Lake

Subjects: Askel (Mich.); Carpentry; Chores; Communities Copper mines and mining; Deer; Family -- History; Farming; Finnish-American newspapers; Fishing; Great Depression; Medical care; Midwifery; Mosquitoes; Physicians; Salting of food; Sauna; United States. Works Progress Administration -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.);

ffsc-259 Tervonen, Helena (Rajala) Interviewed by: Ollila, Douglas. 17 July 1973 in Chisolm, Minn. Inclusive dates: 1920s - 1970s

Places and Names: Toronto, Canada; Chisholm, MN. Finnish ; Toronto Bible College

Subjects: Baptist converts; Church; Citizenship; Emigration and immigration; Ethnic groups; Ethnic relations; Lutherans, Finnish; Politics; Preaching Religion; Religious life; Spiritual life; Voting;

ffsc-260 Interviewed by: Armstrong, Helen. 11 Nov 1976 in Interviewee's home in Laurium, Tikkanen, Ailie Mich. Born 1917, Wolverine, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1920s-11000s

Places and Names: Laurium, MI;

Subjects: Cheese making; Coffee breaks; Cupping; Finnish cooking; Food preservation; Food; Home remedies; Knitting; Laurium (Mich.); Midwifery; Recipes--Michigan; Scandinavian Americans--Michigan--Social life and customs; Weaving; Wolverine (Mich.);

ffsc-261 Todd, William Parsons Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 19 March 1975

Subject terms: Communism; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Labor unions; Militia; Mine accidents; World War I; Strikebreakers; Transportation

ffsc-262 Torkala, Mrs. Helen Interviewed by: Jalkanen, Paul. 7 Aug 1972 Born 1892, Finland Inclusive dates: 1890s - 1970s

Places and Names: New York, NY; Ishpeming, Calumet, MI; Detroit, MI. Aid for Finland; A.L. Heideman

Subjects: Boardinghouses; Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Copper mines and mining; Education; Emigration and immigration; Family -- History; Great Depression; Home remedies; Newspapers; Ocean travel; Politics; Radio broadcasters; Radio; Religion; Schools; Tailoring; Teaching; Transatlantic voyages; Wages;

ffsc-263 Torma, Fred Interviewed by: Petaisto, Heikki (translator)

ffsc-264 Train, Alger Interviewed by: Berry, Betty. 20 Sep 1973 in Interviewee's home in Laurium, Mich. Born in Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 18100-1920

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Ahmeek, MI. Calumet and Hecla;

Subjects: Ahmeek (Mich.); Calumet (Mich.); Ethnic relations; Mining; Upper Peninsula (Mich.)--Social life and customs; Upper Peninsula (Mich.)--Songs and music; Wages;

ffsc-265 Interviewed by: Berry, Betty. Sep 1973 in Interviewees' home in Laurium, Train, Alfred and Winifred (Moore) Mich. Born in Calumet, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1903-11000s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Lake Linden, MI; Laurium, MI. Calumet Union Building; Calumet women's club; Calumet Theater; Vivian Store

Subjects: Calumet (Mich.); Department stores; Dress codes; Ethnic relations; Lake Linden (Mich.); Laurium (Mich.); Upper Peninsula (Mich.)--Social life and customs; Upper Peninsula (Mich.)--Songs and music; Women's clubs;

ffsc-266 Trezise, Norman Interviewed by: Helgren, Dorias & Harju, Larry. 8 Aug 1974 in Calumet, Mich. Born 1888, Ishpeming, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1930s - 11000s

Subjects: Autopsy; Brothels; Copper mines and mining -- Accidents; Exhumation; Law enforcement; Prostitution; Shipwrecks; Slot machines;

ffsc-267 Tuomi, Fanni Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 22 Aug 1977

ffsc-269 Turunen, Evelyn Interviewed by: Loukinen, Elaine. 28 Sept 1974 Inclusive dates: 1920s - 1970s

Subjects: Babysitting; Basketball; Canning and preserving; Chores; Church; Education; Electricity; Farm Life -- Pelkie (Mich.); Farming; Games; Language and languages; Leisure; Milk; Parenting; Rural schools; School sports; Skiing; Tobogganing;

ffsc-270 Turunen, Reuben Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 28 Sept 1974 in Pelkie, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI. Matt Turunen; Pastor Koski; Pastor Groop; Pastor Pikkusaari; Emil Pelto; Maki's store

Subjects: Candy; Cheese factories -- Pelkie (Mich.); Chores; Clearing of land; Clergy; Communism; Cooperative societies; Creameries -- Pelkie (Mich.); Education; Entrepreneurship; Family -- History; Farming; Finnish Americans; Floods; Ford Motor Company; Games; Languages and language; Logging -- Upper Peninsula (Mich.); Logging trucks; Lumber Camps; Lutheran church; Parenting; Pelkie (Mich.); Sawmills; School discipline; Schools; Sports; Sunday schools; Teachers; Tractors; removal;

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ffsc-271 Unknown Interviewed by: Barr, Robert J. Inclusive dates: 1910s

Places and Names: Lake Linden, MI. "Big Annie" Clements

Subjects: Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Conflicts; Copper miners' strike, Mich., 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining; Ethnic groups; Gunfights; Law enforcement; Orators; Parades; Strikebreakers; Strikes and lockouts;

ffsc-272 Uusitalo, Eino; Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 24 July 1973 Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1940s Erickson, Emil; Takalo, John; Hiltunen, Alice

Places and Names: Pelkie, MI. Hardy Ryan; Dr. Buckland; Curly Jack; Matt Turunen; Matt Oja; Matt Ruona; "Flat Nose"

Subjects: Agricultural machinery Anecdotes; Bars (drinking establishments); Bears; Bedbugs; Berries; Burning coal; Business enterprises; Canning and preserving; Community life; Cream-separators; Crosscut saws; Distilling, Illicit; Ethnic conflict; Ethnic groups; Ethnic relations; Farm equipment; Federal Land Bank; Finnish Americans; Food Preservation; Framing; Game wardens; General stores; Great Depression; ; Home remedies; Knife fighting; Landlords; Landowners; Lice; Loans; Local exchange trading systems; Log transportation; Logging -- Equipment and supplies; Lumber camps; Medical care; Partnership; Physicians; Poaching; Railroads; Storytelling; Superstition; Swearing; Swedish Americans; Timber; Traditional medicine; Tree ; Tree stump removal; Trees; Venison; Wages;

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ffsc-273 Vivian, Elizabeth Interviewed by: Berry, Betty. 30 July 1973 in Houghton, Mich.

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ffsc-274 Waisanen, William Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 31 July 1973 in Pelkie, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 11000s

Places and Names: Charlie Warren, Billy Peteski; Alphonse 'Middy' Gauthier, John Dunsmore, Matt Oja, Matt Ruona, Emil Pelto

Subjects: Cheese factories; Communism; Cooperative societies -- Pelkie (Mich.); Country life; Creameries; Dairy farming; Farming; General stores; Hunting; Prices; Railroad ties; Railroad tracks; Railroads; Socialism; Tree stump removal;

ffsc-275 Waisanen, William, Matt ; Erickson, Art Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 28 Sept 1974 in Pelkie, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 11000s

Places and Names: Alston, MI; Pelkie, MI. William Pelkie, John Dunsmore, Bill Dorphy

Subjects: Alcohol; Buildings; Cable cars (Streetcars); Calumet & Hecla Band; Calumet (Mich.); Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Copper mines and mining; Copper Range Railroad Company; Dentistry; Distilling, Illicit; Education Entertainment events; Episcopal Church; Ethnic groups; Freemasonry; General stores; Great Depression; Historic buildings; Houghton County (Mich.); Keweenaw Central Railroad; Keweenaw County (Mich.);Lawrence College (Appleton, Wis.); Librarians; Library resources; Music; Passenger trains; Public libraries; Railroads; Recessions; Schools -- Calumet (Mich.); Societies; Theater and society; Welfare and society; World War, 1914-1918;

ffsc-276 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 24 July 1973 in Interviewee's Wakeham, William and Eva home in Liminga Born 14 Mar 1899, England Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: Freda Mill

Subjects: Armistice Day--United States Baptism; Butchers; Church; Community life; Cornish pasties; Cornwall (England : County); Cupping; Family -- History; Farming; Funeral service; Great Depression; Haying equipment; Haying; Home remedies; Labor unions; Machine guns; Midwifery; Naturalization; Religion; Traditional medicine; United States. Works Progress Administration; World War, 1914-1918;

ffsc-277 Walli, Frank Interviewed by: Ollila, Douglas. 8 Aug 1973

Subjects: Union Organizing; National Miner’s Union; Wagner Act; International Union of Mine, Mill, and Smelter Workers; Steelworkers' Union; Työmies newspaper; Recruitment of Finns and Italians; Bruno Hall; Treatment of strikers; Unemployment Committees;

ffsc-278 Warner, Anne and Earl Interviewed by: Godell, Swande. 18 Aug 1975 in Interviewee's home in Chassell, Mich. Ann Born 1897, Chassell, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900-1940s

Places and Names: Chassel, MI. Chassell School; Knights of Columbus; Chassell Bowling Alley; Knights of Pythias Lodge

Subjects: Chassell (Mich.); Ethnic relations; Knights of Pythias; Rural education; Scandinavian Americans;

ffsc-279 Wiljanen, Martha Interviewed by: Ranta, Elma. 15 Oct 1974 in Marquette, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1900s - 1970s

Places and Names: North Range Mining Company; Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company

Subjects: Clergy; Family -- History; Finnish Americans; Iron mines and mining -- Negaunee (Mich.); Iron mines and mining; Labor unions; Lutheran church; Negaunee (Mich.); North Range Mining Company; Politics; Socialism; Sunday school; Tuberculosis;

ffsc-280 Williams, Barbara Interviewed by: Puotinen, Art. 3 Aug 1972 Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1940s

Places and Names: Lawrence College, Appleton, WI; Crestview; Electric Park; Eagle River Hotel; Calumet Theater; Hell Town (Wyoming Location); Fortnightly Club; Rambletown

Subjects: Alcohol; Buildings; Cable cars (Streetcars); Calumet & Hecla Band; Calumet (Mich.); Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Copper mines and mining; Copper Range Railroad Company; Distilling, Illicit; Education Entertainment events; Episcopal Church; Ethnic groups; Freemasonry; General stores; Great Depression; Historic buildings; Houghton County (Mich.); Keweenaw Central Railroad; Keweenaw County (Mich.);Lawrence College (Appleton, Wis.); Librarians; Library resources; Music; Passenger trains; Public libraries; Railroads; Recessions; Schools -- Calumet (Mich.); Societies; Theater and society; Welfare and society; World War, 1914-1918;

ffsc-281 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Heino "Hap". 9 Aug 1973 in Interviewee's home in Willman, Judge Charles Ontonagon, Mich. Born 3 Aug 1908, Rockland, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1970s

Places and Names: Ontonagon County Historical Society; Upper Peninsula's Writer's Conference

Subjects: Archaeology; Education; Ethnic groups; Excavations (Archaeology); Family -- History; Finnish Americans; Fortune telling; Fraternal organizations; Juvenile delinquents; Lutheran church; Ontonagon County (Mich.); Picnics; Probate courts; Religion; Writing;

ffsc-282 Willmers, Edward Interviewed by: Bleise, Arbutus. 2 July 1973 Inclusive dates: 1910s - 1940s

Places and Names: Mrs. Juntunen

Subjects: Cupping; Home remedies; Traditional medicine; Salves

ffsc-283 Wilmars, Jo (Kelly) Interviewed by: (interviewer unknown). 28 Jan 1976 Born in Ireland Inclusive dates: 1900s-1920s

Places and Names: Calumet, MI; Sacred Heart Church; Calumet & Hecla Band; Electric Park; Kelly's Crossing

Subjects: Calumet (Mich.); Calumet (Mich.)--Ethnic relations--History--20th century Calumet & Hecla Band; Irish Americans; Irish Songs and music; Irish Songs and music; Calumet & Hecla Band; Calumet (Mich.)--Ethnic relations-- History--20th century

ffsc-284 Winker, Dr. Henry J. Interviewed by: Johnson, Del in Interviewee's home in L'Anse, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1920s - 1960s

Places and Names: Baraga County Memorial Hospital

Subjects: Career development; Education; Ford Motor Company; Ford, Henry, 1863-1947; L'Anse (Mich.); Medical care -- Baraga County (Mich.); Pequaming (Mich.); Physicians; Snowshoes and snowshoeing; Student aid; Wolves;

ffsc-285 Wittaniemi, Arvid Interviewed by: Loukinen, Michael. 29 Sept 1974 Born 10 Nov 1871, Kemi, Finland Inclusive dates: 1870s - 1960s

Places and Names: Jacobsville, MI. Bridgeman Russell; Diamond Lumber Company; White Pine Mine

Subjects: Anecdotes; Burial; Cemeteries; Christmas; Communism; Country life; Cows; Discipline of children; Emigration and immigration; Family -- History; Farm equipment; Farming; Farming; Haying equipment; Home remedies; Jacobsville (Mich.); Local exchange trading systems; Parenting; Peddlers; Politics; Presidents -- United States -- Election; Quarries and quarrying -- Equipment and supplies; Quarries and quarrying; Religion; Roads -- Snow and ice control; Sandstone; Shingles; Snowplows; Socialism; Tailoring; Tobacco; Traditional Medicine; Underwear Woodwork;

ffsc-286 Interviewed by: Puotinen, Heino "Hap". 4 Aug 1972 in Cane Court Senior Citizen's Woodbury, Edson Odell Born 18 Sept 1879, Ontonagon, Housing, Ontonagon, Mich. Mich. Inclusive dates: 1890s - 11000s

Places and Names: Ontonagon, MI; White Pine, MI; Rockland, MI; Ontonagon Fire, 25 Aug. 1896. Ontonagon Fire, 25th August 1896; Diamond Match Company

Subjects: Baseball; Community life -- Ontonagon (Mich.); Community life -- Ontonagon (Mich.); Community life; Dance parties; Deer; Diamond Match Company; Family -- History; Fires; Fires; General stores; Grade school; Health insurance; Hunting; Journalism; Logging; Lumber camps; Medical care; Militias; Newspapers; Ontonagon (Mich.); Physicians; Railroads; Recreation; Sawmills -- Ontonagon; Scrapbooks; Teachers; Tourism; , 1961-1975;

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ffsc-288 Interviewed by: Parenti, Constance. 9 Aug 1973 in Yokie, Edith M. Interviewee's home in Eagle River, Mich. Inclusive dates: 1850s - 1910s

Places and Names: Hurontown, MI; Dodgeville, MI. Huron Mine

Subjects: Bands (Music); Baseball; Boardinghouses; Buildings; Calumet & Hecla Band; Calumet and Hecla Mining Company; Chimney sweeps; Chores; Christmas; Church buildings; Copper Miners' Strike, Mich, 1913-1914; Copper mines and mining -- Accidents; Copper mines and mining; Delivery of goods; Dodgeville (Mich.); Emigration and immigration; Ethnic groups; Family -- History; Fourth of July celebrations; Funeral rites and ceremonies; Housekeeping; Ice -- Manufacture; Immigrants; Methodist church; Mine lighting; New Year; Nicknames; Occupational physicians; Physicians; Railroads; Recreation; Transportation;