Appendix E: Glossary
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Entablature Refers to the System of Moldings and Bands Which Lie Horizontally Above Columns, Resting on Their Capitals
An entablature refers to the system of moldings and bands which lie horizontally above columns, resting on their capitals. Considered to be major elements of classical architecture, entablatures are commonly divided into three parts: the architrave, frieze, and cornice. E ntablature by stromberg ARCHITRAVE The architrave is the supporting element, and the lowest of the three main parts of an entablature: the undecorated lintel resting on the columns. FRIEZE The frieze is the plain or decorated horizontal unmolded strip located between the cornice and the architrave. Clay Academy, Dallas, TX Stromberg offers you the freedom to choose. Whether your project requires authentic classical entablature, or a modern look, we will design your entablature to perfectly match your building’s unique style . We have extensive knowledge of all the major classical orders, including Ionic, Doric, and Corinthian, and we can craft columns and entablatures that comply with each order’s specifications. DORIC a continuous sculpted frieze and a The oldest and simplest of these three cornice. CORNICE orders of classical Greek architecture, Its delicate beauty and rich ornamentation typified by heavy, fluted columns with contrast with the stark unembellished The cornice is the upper plain capitals and no base. features of the Doric order. part of an entablature; a decorative molded IONIC CORINTHIAN projection at the top of a This order, considered to be a feminine The most ornate of the three classical wall or window. style, is distinguished by tall slim orders, characterized by a slender fluted columns with flutes resting on molded column having an ornate, bell-shaped bases and crowned by capitals in the capital decorated with acanthus leaves. -
The Gibbs Range of Classical Porches • the Gibbs Range of Classical Porches •
THE GIBBS RANGE OF CLASSICAL PORCHES • THE GIBBS RANGE OF CLASSICAL PORCHES • Andrew Smith – Senior Buyer C G Fry & Son Ltd. HADDONSTONE is a well-known reputable company and C G Fry & Son, award- winning house builder, has used their cast stone architectural detailing at a number of our South West developments over the last ten years. We erected the GIBBS Classical Porch at Tregunnel Hill in Newquay and use HADDONSTONE because of the consistency, product, price and service. Calder Loth, Senior Architectural Historian, Virginia Department of Historic Resources, USA As an advocate of architectural literacy, it is gratifying to have Haddonstone’s informative brochure defining the basic components of literate classical porches. Hugh Petter’s cogent illustrations and analysis of the porches’ proportional systems make a complex subject easily grasped. A porch celebrates an entrance; it should be well mannered. James Gibbs’s versions of the classical orders are the appropriate choice. They are subtlety beautiful, quintessentially English, and fitting for America. Jeremy Musson, English author, editor and presenter Haddonstone’s new Gibbs range is the result of an imaginative collaboration with architect Hugh Petter and draws on the elegant models provided by James Gibbs, one of the most enterprising design heroes of the Georgian age. The result is a series of Doric and Ionic porches with a subtle variety of treatments which can be carefully adapted to bring elegance and dignity to houses old and new. www.haddonstone.com www.adamarchitecture.com 2 • THE GIBBS RANGE OF CLASSICAL PORCHES • Introduction The GIBBS Range of Classical Porches is designed The GIBBS Range is conceived around the two by Hugh Petter, Director of ADAM Architecture oldest and most widely used Orders - the Doric and and inspired by the Georgian architect James Ionic. -
The Five Orders of Architecture
BY GìAGOMO F5ARe)ZZji OF 2o ^0 THE FIVE ORDERS OF AECHITECTURE BY GIACOMO BAROZZI OF TIGNOLA TRANSLATED BY TOMMASO JUGLARIS and WARREN LOCKE CorYRIGHT, 1889 GEHY CENTER UK^^i Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/fiveordersofarchOOvign A SKETCH OF THE LIFE OF GIACOMO BAEOZZI OF TIGNOLA. Giacomo Barozzi was born on the 1st of October, 1507, in Vignola, near Modena, Italy. He was orphaned at an early age. His mother's family, seeing his talents, sent him to an art school in Bologna, where he distinguished himself in drawing and by the invention of a method of perspective. To perfect himself in his art he went to Eome, studying and measuring all the ancient monuments there. For this achievement he received the honors of the Academy of Architecture in Eome, then under the direction of Marcello Cervini, afterward Pope. In 1537 he went to France with Abbé Primaticcio, who was in the service of Francis I. Barozzi was presented to this magnificent monarch and received a commission to build a palace, which, however, on account of war, was not built. At this time he de- signed the plan and perspective of Fontainebleau castle, a room of which was decorated by Primaticcio. He also reproduced in metal, with his own hands, several antique statues. Called back to Bologna by Count Pepoli, president of St. Petronio, he was given charge of the construction of that cathedral until 1550. During this time he designed many GIACOMO BAROZZr OF VIGNOLA. 3 other buildings, among which we name the palace of Count Isolani in Minerbio, the porch and front of the custom house, and the completion of the locks of the canal to Bologna. -
Greek Columns in America
Greek Columns in America By: Sarah Griffin Doric Columns Doric columns are the simplest columns. The design is plain, but powerful-looking. The top is made of a circle topped by a square, and it does not have a base. The shaft is very plain, and it has 20 sides. It looked great on the long and rectangular buildings that the Greeks made. The frieze, which is the area above the column, has simple patterns. Above the columns, there are triglyphs and metopes. The metopes are plain and smooth. Doric Columns Continued The triglyphs have a patterns that has three vertical lines which are between the metopes. The order from bottom to top was the shaft, the capital, the architrave, the frieze, and the cornice. Doric Columns- Example #1 The State Capitol in Columbus, Ohio Doric Columns- Example #2 The Clark County Courthouse in Cleveland, Ohio Ionic Columns The shafts of the Ionic columns are taller than the shafts of Doric columns, which makes the columns look slender. They also had lines carved into them going from top to bottom, which were called flutes. The shafts had entasis, which is a bulge in the columns that make them look straight even at a distance. The frieze is plain. The bases are big and look like a set of stacked rings. The capitals have scrolls above the shaft. Ionic Columns Continued The Ionic columns are more decorative than the Doric columns. The order from bottom to top is the base, then the shaft, then the capital, then the architrave, then the frieze, then the cornice. -
The Parthenon Frieze: Viewed As the Panathenaic Festival Preceding the Battle of Marathon
The Parthenon Frieze: Viewed as the Panathenaic Festival Preceding the Battle of Marathon By Brian A. Sprague Senior Seminar: HST 499 Professor Bau-Hwa Hsieh Western Oregon University Thursday, June 07, 2007 Readers Professor Benedict Lowe Professor Narasingha Sil Copyright © Brian A. Sprague 2007 The Parthenon frieze has been the subject of many debates and the interpretation of it leads to a number of problems: what was the subject of the frieze? What would the frieze have meant to the Athenian audience? The Parthenon scenes have been identified in many different ways: a representation of the Panathenaic festival, a mythical or historical event, or an assertion of Athenian ideology. This paper will examine the Parthenon Frieze in relation to the metopes, pediments, and statues in order to prove the validity of the suggestion that it depicts the Panathenaic festival just preceding the battle of Marathon in 490 BC. The main problems with this topic are that there are no primary sources that document what the Frieze was supposed to mean. The scenes are not specific to any one type of procession. The argument against a Panathenaic festival is that there are soldiers and chariots represented. Possibly that biggest problem with interpreting the Frieze is that part of it is missing and it could be that the piece that is missing ties everything together. The Parthenon may have been the only ancient Greek temple with an exterior sculpture that depicts any kind of religious ritual or service. Because the theme of the frieze is unique we can not turn towards other relief sculpture to help us understand it. -
PENTAGON OFFICE BUILDING COMPLEX Other Name/Site Number: the Pentagon
NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NFS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 THE PENTAGON Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: PENTAGON OFFICE BUILDING COMPLEX Other Name/Site Number: The Pentagon 2. LOCATION Street & Number: U.S. 1, Va. 110, and Not for publication: Interstate 395 City/Town: Arlington Vicinity:__ State: Virginia County: Arlington Code: 013 Zip Code: 20301 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private:__ Building(s): X Public-local:__ District:__ Public-State:__ Site:__ Public-Federal: X Structure:__ Object:__ Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing 1 ____ buildings 1 sites (helipad) ____ structures ____ objects 1 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register: 4 Name of related multiple property listing: NFS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 THE PENTAGON Page 2 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service______National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1986, as amended, I hereby certify that this ___ nomination ___ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property ___ meets ___ does not meet the National Register Criteria. -
Ancient Greek Architecture Complete the Graphic Organizer As You Follow Along with the Presentation
Ancient Greek Architecture Complete the graphic organizer as you follow along with the presentation. Types of Greek Columns • Doric • Ionic • Corinthian Doric Doric columns are the most simple of the three types of columns. There are three main parts of the column: the capitol, the shaft, and the frieze. The capitol is the top of the column that is made up of a circle topped by a square. The shaft is the tall part of the column. The frieze is the area above the column that has simple patterns for decorations. Doric Columns - Example There are many examples of ancient Doric buildings. Perhaps the most famous one is the Parthenon in Athens. Many buildings constructed today borrow some parts of the Doric design. Ionic The main parts of Ionic columns are the shaft, the flutes, the capitol, and the base. The shafts of Ionic columns are shorter than Doric columns, which made them look more slender. The flutes were lines that were carved into the shaft from top to bottom. The bases are large and look like carved, stacked rings. The capitols have scroll designs on them. The Ionic columns are a little more decorative than the Doric. Ionic Columns - Example • The Temple of Athena Nike in Athens, shown here, is one of the most famous Ionic buildings in the world. It is located on the Acropolis, very close to the Parthenon. Corinthian The Corinthian column is the most decorative column and is the type most people like best. The Corinthian capitals have flowers and leaves below a small scroll. -
Architectural Terminology
Architectural Terminology Compiled by By Trail End State Historic Site Superintendent Cynde Georgen; for The Western Alliance of Historic Structures & Properties, 1998 So what is a quoin anyway … other than a great word to have in your head when playing Scrabble®? Or how about a rincleau? A belvedere? A radiating voussoir? If these questions leave you scratching your head in wonder and confusion, you’re not alone! Few people outside the confines of an architect’s office have a working knowledge of architectural terminology. For you, however, that’s about to change! After studying the following glossary, you’ll be able to amaze your friends as you walk through the streets of your town pointing out lancets, porticos, corbels and campaniles. NOTE: The definitions of some terms use words which themselves require definition. Such words are italicized in the definition. Photograph, balustrade, undated (By the Author) Acanthus Leaf - Motif in classical architecture found on Corinthian columns Aedicule - A pedimented entablature with columns used to frame a window or niche Arcade - Series of round arches supported by columns or posts Architrave - The lowest part of a classical entablature running from column to column Ashlar - Squared building stone laid in parallel courses Astragal - Molding with a semicircular profile Astylar - Facade without columns or pilasters Balconet - False balcony outside a window Baluster - The post supporting a handrail Balustrade - Railing at a stairway, porch or roof Architectural Terminology - 1 - www.trailend.org -
The Case of the Parthenon Sculptures
University of North Florida UNF Digital Commons All Volumes (2001-2008) The sprO ey Journal of Ideas and Inquiry 2007 Looted Art: The aC se of the Parthenon Sculptures Alison Lindsey Moore University of North Florida Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/ojii_volumes Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Suggested Citation Moore, Alison Lindsey, "Looted Art: The asC e of the Parthenon Sculptures" (2007). All Volumes (2001-2008). 34. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/ojii_volumes/34 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the The sprO ey Journal of Ideas and Inquiry at UNF Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Volumes (2001-2008) by an authorized administrator of UNF Digital Commons. For more information, please contact Digital Projects. © 2007 All Rights Reserved LOOTED ART: Art returning to Italy a number of smuggled artifacts, including the famous THE CASE OF THE PARTHENON calyx-krater by Euphronios. The J. Paul SCULPTURES Getty Museum in California also recently attracted attention as Marion True, the Alison Lindsey Moore museum’s former curator of antiquities, was accused of knowingly purchasing Faculty Sponsor: Dr. Candice Carter, looted artifacts. Rather than focusing on a Associate Professor of Curriculum and recent case, I concentrate on the Instruction (Elementary Education) controversy surrounding the so-called “Elgin Marbles.” This research project was intended Many artifacts which comprise private to contextualize both the historical and and museum collections today were possibly current controversial issues pertaining to stolen from their country of origin and illegally the Parthenon. The first section titled “The smuggled into the country in which they now Architectural and Decorative Elements of reside. -
The Neoclassical in Providence: Columns! Columns Everywhere!
The Neoclassical in Providence: Columns! Columns everywhere! By Rachel Griffith and Peter Hatch Introduction From our experiences in this class and in the everyday world, we have seen that the Greek column is one of the most important, and pervasive contributions of Ancient Greek architecture to the architecture that followed it. In fact, so many examples of columns modeled after the Greek style exist, that in just a short walk from the Pembroke campus down toward RISD, we were easily able to find not only multiple examples of columns that epitomize all three Greek orders, but also numerous examples of columns obviously inspired by Greek forms. This influence even shows up in some very unexpected places. We have organized this presentation by those three orders, and by how closely each example follows the conventions of the style it comes from. Doric Columns Features of the Doric Column Overall simplicity Frieze above, containing alternating metopes and triglyphs Capital consists of a square sitting atop a flaring round component Fluted shaft No base, column rests directly on the stylobate Pure Doric The modern example at right, from a house on Brown and Meeting, is a faithful representation of the Doric order columns The shape of the capital, fluted columns, and lack of a base are consistent with the Doric order The only major departure from this style is the lack of metopes and triglyphs above the columns Pure Doric Manning Hall, modeled on the temple of Diana-Propylea in Eleusis, is an excellent example of most all the features of the Doric order, on a very large and impressive scale This building features Doric order columns with the characteristic fluting, simple capital, and a frieze with metopes and triglyphs, guttae along the roofline, and a shallow- sloped triangular gable, called the pediment. -
Art Concepts
ANCIENT ART - Greece Acropolis Greek, “high city.” In ancient Greece, usually the site of the city’s most important temple(s). Amphora A two-handled jar used for general storage purposes, usually to hold wine or oil. Archaic Smile In Archaic Greek sculpture, the smile sculptors represented on faces as a way of indicating that the person portrayed is alive. Atlant (Atlas) A male figure that functions as a supporting column. Black-Figure In early Greek pottery, the silhouetting of dark Painting figures against a light background of natural, reddish clay, with linear details incised through the silhouettes. Capital The uppermost member of a column, serving as a transition from the shaft to the lintel. In classical architecture, the form of the capital varies with the order. Caryatid A female figure that functions as a supporting column. Cella The chamber at the center of an ancient temple; in a classical temple, the room (Greek, naos) in which the cult statue usually stood. ANCIENT ART - Greece Centaur In ancient Greek mythology, a fantastical creature, with the front or top half of a human and the back or bottom half of a horse. Contrapposto The disposition of the human figure in which one part is turned in opposition to another part (usually hips and legs one way, shoulders and chest another), creating a counterpositioning of the body about its central axis. Sometimes called “weight shift” because the weight of the body tends to be thrown to one foot, creating tension on one side and relaxation on the other. Corinthian Corinthian columns are the latest of the three Greek styles and show the influence of Egyptian columns in their capitals, which are shaped like inverted bells. -
Junior High-High School Edition)
1 Glossary for the Virtual Tour (Junior High-High School Edition) A Acanthus – Representation of Acanthus plant leaf used in architecture and decorative arts as an ornamental motif, specifically in Classical architecture of the Greeks and Romans. Also used in the capital of the Corinthian order. Ad valorem taxes – Ad valorem is a Latin phrase meaning “according to the value,” meaning it is a tax proportional to the value of the underlying asset. Usually a type of property tax. Alabaster – A type of fine-grained gypsum that has been used for statuary, carvings, ornaments, church fittings, and monuments. Normally snow-white in color, however, it can be dyed or even be translucent depending on the treatment. Ante-chamber – A room that serves as a waiting area and entry to a larger chamber. Anthemion – A decoration in architecture consisting of radiating petals and used widely in Classical architecture. Arch – A curved structure, usually a doorway or gateway, that serves as support for a structure. Architect – A skilled person in the art of building, who designs complex structures such as government buildings, monuments, housing, etc. Architecture – The art and technique of designing and building. Architrave – In Classical architecture, the lowest section of the entablature (see entablature) directly above the capital of a column. Art Nouveau – Meaning “new art,” Art Nouveau is a style of art and architecture that was popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is known by its floral designs, flowing lines, and curved tendrils. Attic – Denotes any portion of a wall above the main cornice (see cornice).