Narratives of Our Ancient Past : the Greek and Roman Frieze Rome 10
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Entablature Refers to the System of Moldings and Bands Which Lie Horizontally Above Columns, Resting on Their Capitals
An entablature refers to the system of moldings and bands which lie horizontally above columns, resting on their capitals. Considered to be major elements of classical architecture, entablatures are commonly divided into three parts: the architrave, frieze, and cornice. E ntablature by stromberg ARCHITRAVE The architrave is the supporting element, and the lowest of the three main parts of an entablature: the undecorated lintel resting on the columns. FRIEZE The frieze is the plain or decorated horizontal unmolded strip located between the cornice and the architrave. Clay Academy, Dallas, TX Stromberg offers you the freedom to choose. Whether your project requires authentic classical entablature, or a modern look, we will design your entablature to perfectly match your building’s unique style . We have extensive knowledge of all the major classical orders, including Ionic, Doric, and Corinthian, and we can craft columns and entablatures that comply with each order’s specifications. DORIC a continuous sculpted frieze and a The oldest and simplest of these three cornice. CORNICE orders of classical Greek architecture, Its delicate beauty and rich ornamentation typified by heavy, fluted columns with contrast with the stark unembellished The cornice is the upper plain capitals and no base. features of the Doric order. part of an entablature; a decorative molded IONIC CORINTHIAN projection at the top of a This order, considered to be a feminine The most ornate of the three classical wall or window. style, is distinguished by tall slim orders, characterized by a slender fluted columns with flutes resting on molded column having an ornate, bell-shaped bases and crowned by capitals in the capital decorated with acanthus leaves. -
The Gibbs Range of Classical Porches • the Gibbs Range of Classical Porches •
THE GIBBS RANGE OF CLASSICAL PORCHES • THE GIBBS RANGE OF CLASSICAL PORCHES • Andrew Smith – Senior Buyer C G Fry & Son Ltd. HADDONSTONE is a well-known reputable company and C G Fry & Son, award- winning house builder, has used their cast stone architectural detailing at a number of our South West developments over the last ten years. We erected the GIBBS Classical Porch at Tregunnel Hill in Newquay and use HADDONSTONE because of the consistency, product, price and service. Calder Loth, Senior Architectural Historian, Virginia Department of Historic Resources, USA As an advocate of architectural literacy, it is gratifying to have Haddonstone’s informative brochure defining the basic components of literate classical porches. Hugh Petter’s cogent illustrations and analysis of the porches’ proportional systems make a complex subject easily grasped. A porch celebrates an entrance; it should be well mannered. James Gibbs’s versions of the classical orders are the appropriate choice. They are subtlety beautiful, quintessentially English, and fitting for America. Jeremy Musson, English author, editor and presenter Haddonstone’s new Gibbs range is the result of an imaginative collaboration with architect Hugh Petter and draws on the elegant models provided by James Gibbs, one of the most enterprising design heroes of the Georgian age. The result is a series of Doric and Ionic porches with a subtle variety of treatments which can be carefully adapted to bring elegance and dignity to houses old and new. www.haddonstone.com www.adamarchitecture.com 2 • THE GIBBS RANGE OF CLASSICAL PORCHES • Introduction The GIBBS Range of Classical Porches is designed The GIBBS Range is conceived around the two by Hugh Petter, Director of ADAM Architecture oldest and most widely used Orders - the Doric and and inspired by the Georgian architect James Ionic. -
The Five Orders of Architecture
BY GìAGOMO F5ARe)ZZji OF 2o ^0 THE FIVE ORDERS OF AECHITECTURE BY GIACOMO BAROZZI OF TIGNOLA TRANSLATED BY TOMMASO JUGLARIS and WARREN LOCKE CorYRIGHT, 1889 GEHY CENTER UK^^i Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/fiveordersofarchOOvign A SKETCH OF THE LIFE OF GIACOMO BAEOZZI OF TIGNOLA. Giacomo Barozzi was born on the 1st of October, 1507, in Vignola, near Modena, Italy. He was orphaned at an early age. His mother's family, seeing his talents, sent him to an art school in Bologna, where he distinguished himself in drawing and by the invention of a method of perspective. To perfect himself in his art he went to Eome, studying and measuring all the ancient monuments there. For this achievement he received the honors of the Academy of Architecture in Eome, then under the direction of Marcello Cervini, afterward Pope. In 1537 he went to France with Abbé Primaticcio, who was in the service of Francis I. Barozzi was presented to this magnificent monarch and received a commission to build a palace, which, however, on account of war, was not built. At this time he de- signed the plan and perspective of Fontainebleau castle, a room of which was decorated by Primaticcio. He also reproduced in metal, with his own hands, several antique statues. Called back to Bologna by Count Pepoli, president of St. Petronio, he was given charge of the construction of that cathedral until 1550. During this time he designed many GIACOMO BAROZZr OF VIGNOLA. 3 other buildings, among which we name the palace of Count Isolani in Minerbio, the porch and front of the custom house, and the completion of the locks of the canal to Bologna. -
Naples - Campania
Naples - Campania The city, capital of Campania, was founded by the Greeks in the 6th century BC. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited areas in the world. It served as the capital of the Duchy of Naples from 661—1139, the Kingdom of Naples from 1282-1816 then the Two Sicilies until the unification of Italy in 1861. It is now the 3rd largest city in Italy and one of the leading ports in Europe. The historic city center is the largest in Europe and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Within an easy day out are several notable destinations, including the ruins of Pom- peii, the Amalfi Coast and the Island of Capri. 7 ˄4 6 10> 5 1 3 8 9 2 1. Capella di San Severo 6. Duomo 2. Castel dell’Ovo 7. Museo Archeologico Nationale 3. Castel Nuovo 8. Palazzo Reale 4. Catacombe San Gennaro 9. Piazza del Plebiscito 5. Chiesa di San Domenico Maggiore 10. Vesuvius 1.Capella di San Severo 2. Castel dell’Ovo A jewel in the world’s 15th century building artistic heritage, with on the site of the origi- masterpieces like the nal 6th century Greek “Veiled Christ” and settlement and later a “Disillusion”. The Roman fortress. Just a chapel is one of the short walk from the most impressive city. monuments. 3. Castell Nuovo 4. Catacombe di San Gennaro Built as a fortress in The nucleus of the the 13th century. Catacombs dates back The castle now hous- to the 2nd century AD. es the Municipal Mu- It was probably the seum of Naples with tomb of a noble fami- objects from the me- ly, who then provided dieval period to the spaces for the Chris- 19th century. -
Greek Columns in America
Greek Columns in America By: Sarah Griffin Doric Columns Doric columns are the simplest columns. The design is plain, but powerful-looking. The top is made of a circle topped by a square, and it does not have a base. The shaft is very plain, and it has 20 sides. It looked great on the long and rectangular buildings that the Greeks made. The frieze, which is the area above the column, has simple patterns. Above the columns, there are triglyphs and metopes. The metopes are plain and smooth. Doric Columns Continued The triglyphs have a patterns that has three vertical lines which are between the metopes. The order from bottom to top was the shaft, the capital, the architrave, the frieze, and the cornice. Doric Columns- Example #1 The State Capitol in Columbus, Ohio Doric Columns- Example #2 The Clark County Courthouse in Cleveland, Ohio Ionic Columns The shafts of the Ionic columns are taller than the shafts of Doric columns, which makes the columns look slender. They also had lines carved into them going from top to bottom, which were called flutes. The shafts had entasis, which is a bulge in the columns that make them look straight even at a distance. The frieze is plain. The bases are big and look like a set of stacked rings. The capitals have scrolls above the shaft. Ionic Columns Continued The Ionic columns are more decorative than the Doric columns. The order from bottom to top is the base, then the shaft, then the capital, then the architrave, then the frieze, then the cornice. -
The Parthenon Frieze: Viewed As the Panathenaic Festival Preceding the Battle of Marathon
The Parthenon Frieze: Viewed as the Panathenaic Festival Preceding the Battle of Marathon By Brian A. Sprague Senior Seminar: HST 499 Professor Bau-Hwa Hsieh Western Oregon University Thursday, June 07, 2007 Readers Professor Benedict Lowe Professor Narasingha Sil Copyright © Brian A. Sprague 2007 The Parthenon frieze has been the subject of many debates and the interpretation of it leads to a number of problems: what was the subject of the frieze? What would the frieze have meant to the Athenian audience? The Parthenon scenes have been identified in many different ways: a representation of the Panathenaic festival, a mythical or historical event, or an assertion of Athenian ideology. This paper will examine the Parthenon Frieze in relation to the metopes, pediments, and statues in order to prove the validity of the suggestion that it depicts the Panathenaic festival just preceding the battle of Marathon in 490 BC. The main problems with this topic are that there are no primary sources that document what the Frieze was supposed to mean. The scenes are not specific to any one type of procession. The argument against a Panathenaic festival is that there are soldiers and chariots represented. Possibly that biggest problem with interpreting the Frieze is that part of it is missing and it could be that the piece that is missing ties everything together. The Parthenon may have been the only ancient Greek temple with an exterior sculpture that depicts any kind of religious ritual or service. Because the theme of the frieze is unique we can not turn towards other relief sculpture to help us understand it. -
Castles of Napoli - Naples, Italy (All Levels) Description: Naples, Italy Is a City of Many Castles
Castles of Napoli - Naples, Italy (All Levels) Description: Naples, Italy is a city of many castles. The requirements for this patch can be completed by visiting and/or researching Castel Nuovo, Castel dell'Ovo, Caserta Palace, Baia Castle, or Castel Sant’Elmo. Learn more about these castles by completing this badge. 1. This patch may be earned by participation as an individual or in a troop. Please follow Safety Wise when planning your outing. 2. The patch may only be earned by currently registered girls. 3. The patch is not official insignia. It may be worn on the back of the sash or vest. 4. The cost is $3.00 per patch. To earn this Badge: ● Daisies complete at least 4 of the following activities. ● Brownies complete at least 4 of the following activities. ● Juniors complete at least 6 of the following activities. ● Cadettes complete at least 8 of the following activities. ● Seniors complete at least 8 of the following activities. ● Ambassadors complete at least 8 of the following activities. 1. What year was the Castel dell’Ovo built? What islet does it sit on? What legend surrounds that islet? 2. How did the Castel dell’Ovo get its name? 3. Visit Royal Palace of Caserta. Wander through the rooms and learn about the Bourdon Kings of Napoli. 4. Visit the garden at the Royal Palace of Caserta and view the five fountains. Share with your troop which fountain is your favorite and why. 5. What year did the construction of the Royal Palace begin? What year was it completed? 6. -
Untold Italy Episode 44 - Ciao Napoli
Untold Italy Episode 44 - Ciao Napoli [00:01:00.070] - Katy Buongiorno! Ciao to all our wonderful listeners, it's Katy here hosting the show today, and I'm so happy to have you here. Before we get started on today's show, I wanted to let you know that we'll be doing another listener Q&A session on next week's episode. Our first Q&A on Episode 39 was a great success, and so I thought we would do it again with another update on the travel situation in Italy as things are quite fluid, as we are finding in 2020. [00:01:28.060] - Katy So if you have a burning question about travel in Italy, we would love to hear it. Chances are that someone else is thinking about it, too. Don't be shy. We always love hearing from you and often learn lots from your questions too. You can send them into [email protected]. Or there will be a shout out on our Italy travel planning community on Facebook and our Untold Italy Facebook page too. [00:01:56.050] - Katy I'll put all the links to this and the contact details on the show notes for this episode, which is episode number 44. Make sure to send them in by Sunday, October the 20th, so we can answer them on the show. [00:02:08.980] Right. So on to today's show, which is all about Italy's third biggest city. And it's one that inspires adoration and perhaps some not so favorable opinions. -
Fourteenth–Sixteenth Century)
Cultural heritage Illustrious Men in Italy and Europe (fourteenth–sixteenth century) Jean-Baptiste DELZANT ABSTRACT Often associated with biblical heroes and mythical figures from chivalry, the illustrious men of Antiquity sparked the medieval imagination in the West. They were collected in a vast repertory from which examples of moral, political, and military virtues could be drawn. Their perfection was impossible to match, a reflection of how much humanity had declined since the heroic age that was theirs. Beginning in the fourteenth century, the humanist appreciation for ancient models once again focused attention on the ancient Greeks and Romans, with imitation of their actions—as it was hoped at the time—enabling the rise of a new golden age. The theme of illustrious men took hold in literature, historical writing, and poetry, as well as the visual arts. Renaissance Europe made it a preferred mode for understanding the past, and thereby shaping oneself to better conquer the future. Domenico Ghirlandaio, Hall of Lillies at the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence (1482-1484). Source : Wikimedia Commons Workshop of Gentile da Fabriano, Hall of the Imperatores in the Palazzo Trinci in Foligno (circa 1410-1412). Source : Wikimedia Commons The Middle Ages did not forget Antiquity and its great men. The heroes of the Iliad and the Aeneid were as familiar to them as figures from the history of Republican Rome or ancient Greece. These illustrious men filled novels, historical literature, exemplary tales, and the songs of minstrels. They were often associated with figures from other repertoires such as the Bible and Arthurian legend. As part of an encyclopedic and moralist perspective, they were used as examples of the timeless virtues they represented. -
Winckelmann, Greek Masterpieces, and Architectural Sculpture
Winckelmann, Greek masterpieces, and architectural sculpture. Prolegomena to a history of classical archaeology in museums Book or Report Section Accepted Version Smith, A. C. (2017) Winckelmann, Greek masterpieces, and architectural sculpture. Prolegomena to a history of classical archaeology in museums. In: Lichtenberger, A. and Raja, R. (eds.) The Diversity of Classical Archaeology. Studies in Classical Archaeology, 1. Brepols. ISBN 9782503574936 Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/70169/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from the work. See Guidance on citing . Published version at: http://www.brepols.net/Pages/ShowProduct.aspx?prod_id=IS-9782503574936-1 Publisher: Brepols All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading’s research outputs online Winckelmann, Greek Masterpieces, and Architectural Sculpture Prolegomena to a History of Classical Archaeology in Museums∗ Amy C. Smith ‘Much that we might imagine as ideal was natural for them [the ancient Greeks].’1 ♣ Just as Johann Joachim Winckelmann mourned the loss of antiquity, so have subsequent generations mourned his passing at the age of fifty, in 1768, as he was planning his first journey to Greece. His deification through — not least — the placement of his profile head, as if carved out of a gemstone, on the title page of the first volume of his Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums (‘History of Ancient Art’) in 1776 (the second edition, published posthumously) made him the poster boy for the study of classical art history and its related branches, Altertumswissenschaft or classical studies, history of art, and classical 2 archaeology. -
The Parthenon and Its Sculptures
P1: FCH/J-SPH P2: FCH/J-SPH QC: FCH/J-SPH T1: FCH CB720-FM CB720-Cosmopoulos-v1 July 2, 2004 15:49 The Parthenon and its Sculptures Edited by Michael B. Cosmopoulos University of Missouri–St. Louis iii P1: FCH/J-SPH P2: FCH/J-SPH QC: FCH/J-SPH T1: FCH CB720-FM CB720-Cosmopoulos-v1 July 2, 2004 15:49 published by the press syndicate of the university of cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom cambridge university press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cb2 2ru, uk 40 West 20th Street, New York, ny 10011-4211, usa 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, vic 3207, Australia Ruiz de Alarcon´ 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C Cambridge University Press 2004 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2004 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typefaces Adobe Garamond 11.25/15 pt. and Lithos System LATEX 2ε [tb] A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data is available. isbn 0 521 83673 5 hardback iv P1: FCH/J-SPH P2: FCH/J-SPH QC: FCH/J-SPH T1: FCH CB720-FM CB720-Cosmopoulos-v1 July 2, 2004 15:49 Contents List of Figures page vii On Abbreviations and Transliteration xiii List of Contributors xv Introduction: The Methodological Framework of Parthenon Studies 1 Michael B. -
Appendix E: Glossary
Appendix E: Glossary Appendix E Glossary Accessory Structure-A subordinate structure detached from but located on the same lot as a principle building. The use of an accessory structure must be identical and accessory to the use of the principle building. Accessory structures include garages, decks, and fences. Adaptive Use-Recycling an old building for a use other than that for which it was originally constructed. Addition - A non-original element placed onto an existing building, site or structure. Alteration - Any act or process that which the exterior architectural appearance of a building. Appropriate - Suitable to or compatible with what exists. Proposed work on historic properties is evaluated for "appropriateness" during the design review process. Architectural Style - Showing the influence of shapes, materials, detailing or other features associated with a particular architectural style. Ashlar-A dressed or squared stone and the masonry built of such hewn stone. It may be coursed, with continuous horizontal joints or random, with discontinuous joints. Baluster-A turned or rectangular upright supporting a stair handrail or forming part of a balustrade. Balustrade-An entire railing system including a top rail and its balusters, and often a bottom rail. Bay-One unit of a building that consists of a series of similar units; commonly defined as the number of vertical divisions within a building facade. Brace-A diagonal stabilizing member of a building frame. Bracket-A projecting support used under cornices, eaves, balconies, or windows to provide structural support. Capital-The uppermost part of a column or pilaster. E-1 Stone Mountain Design Guidelines Casement-A hinged window frame that opens horizontally like a door.