Shade Tolerant

Home , Clethra alnifolia, Cyrilla, Eubotrys racemosa, Lyonia lucida, Sparganium americanum

Spring Workshop: Plant Material & Planting Techniques for SCM May 31, 2019

SHADE TOLERANT THE IMPORTANCE OF APPROPRIATE VEGETATION IN SCMS Aesculus pavia, Aesculus sylvatica, Plants increase pollutant removal by providing resistance to the flow Amelanchier arborea, of stormwater and subsequently reducing runoff velocity, allowing Carex grayi, for the settling, filtering, infiltration, and adsorption of pollutants Carex intumescens, (Schueler, 1996). Additional benefits include: Carex stricta,  Providing the organic carbon needed for microbial Cephalanthus occidentalis, transformation processes. Chasmanthium latifolium,  Moderating environmental factors such as water Chelone glabra, temperature and oxygen concentrations in sediment. Clethra alnifolia,  Stabilizing the soil with plant roots and removing pollutants Cornus amomum, that adhere to sediment particles in runoff. Cyrilla racemiflora,  Improving infiltration capacities & increasing pollutant Diospyros virginiana, removal by vegetation up-take (phytoextraction). Elymus spp.,  Ameliorating the heat island effect. Eubotrys racemosa,  Improving aesthetics & wildlife habitat Hamamelis virginiana, To ensure plant survival and overall functional success of your SCM, Hypericum densiflorum, the following factors should be considered: Ilex decidua,  Site conditions (e.g., Amount of sunlight and shade, wind Ilex opaca, direction and intensity, type and quantity of pollutants Iris virginica, contained within stormwater runoff, etc.). Itea virginica,  Soil moisture and drought tolerance. Lindera benzoin, Lobelia spp.,  Sediment or organic matter build-up, and other potential for outlet structure clogging (e.g., root structure). Lyonia lucida, Orontium aquaticum,  Maintenance, plant growth rate, and ultimate height Physocarpus opulifolius,  Wildlife use (including mosquitoes). Rhododendron viscosum,  Preference for native and non-invasive species. Rhododendron atlanticum,  Aesthetics/ability to meet both landscape and stormwater Saururus cernuus, SCM requirements. Viburnum spp., THE PLANTING ZONES Xanthorhiza simplicissima

Deep Pool - Open water and permanent deep pools ranges are best colonized by plants with submerged roots. The function of vegetated deep pools areas is to slow flow velocities and trap sediment, to absorb nutrients in the water column, improve oxidation and create habitat for wildlife and mosquito predators such as frogs, fish, and dragonfly nymphs during dry times:  Nymphaea odorata, “White water lily”  Nelumbo lutea, “American lotus”  Nuphar advena, “Yellow pond lily”

Spring Workshop: Plant Material & Planting Techniques for SCM May 31, 2019

Shallow Water - Shallow Water includes all areas that are POLLINATOR-FRIENDLY inundated by the normal pool to a depth up to 9 inches. This Aesculus spp., zone does become drier during periods of drought. Shallow Amelanchier arborea, water zones, such as littoral shelves should be vegetated with Andropogon glomeratus, emergent plants and provide some of the best treatment zones Aronia arbutifolia, in the wetland. Asclepias spp.,  Acorus americanus “Sweetflag” Callicarpa americana,  Dulichium arundinaceum “Three-way sedge” Calycanthus floridus,  Eleocharis quadrangulata “Squarestem spikerush” Cephalanthus occidentalis,  Iris virginica “Virginia iris” Clethra alnifolia,  Juncus effusus “Common rush” Coreopsis spp.,  Nelumbo lutea “American lotus” Cornus spp.,  Nuphar advena “Yellow pond-lily” Cyrilla racemiflora,  Nymphaea odorata “White waterlily” Echinacea purpurea, Eubotrys racemosus,  Orontium aquaticum “Golden club” Eupatorium perfoliatum,  Peltandra virginica “Arrow arum” Eutrochium fistulosum,  Pontederia cordata “Pickerelweed” Gaillardia pulchella,  Sagittaria latifolia “Broadleaf arrowhead” Helenium autumnale,  Saururus cernuus “Lizard’s tail” Helianthus angustifolius,  Schoenoplectus americanus “Chairmaker’s bulrush” Hibiscus spp.,  Schoenoplectus pungens “Common threesquare” Hypericum densiflorum,  Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani “Softstem bulrush” Ilex spp.,  Scirpus cyperinus “Woolgrass” Itea virginica,  Sparganium americanum “American bur-reed Kosteletskya virginica, Shallow Land - The shallow land zone is the temporary storage Liatris spicata, volume portion of a Wet Pond or Stormwater Wetland. The Lindera benzoin, primary landscaping objectives for this zone are to stabilize the Lobelia spp., slopes characteristic of this zone and optimize pollutant Lyonia lucida, removal. Shallow land zones should be planted with wetland Monarda fistulosa, vegetation capable of growing in alternating dry and inundated Panicum virgatum, conditions. Physocarpus opulifolius,  Andropogon glomeratus “Bushy Beardgrass” Pontederia cordata, Ratibida spp.,  Asclepias incarnata “Swamp Milkweed” Rhododendron spp.,  Carex crinita “Fringed Sedge” Rosa palustris,  Carex glaucescens “Southern waxy sedge” Salix spp.,  Carex gravi “Gray’s sedge” Sambucus canadensis,  Carex intumescens “Bladder sedge” Saururus cernuus,  Carex lupulina “Hop sedge” Solidago spp.,  Carex lurida “Lurid Sedge” Spirea tomentosa,  Carex stricta “Tussock Sedge” Styrax americanus,  Carex vulpinoidea “Fox Sedge” Symphyotrichum spp.,  Chasmanthium latifolium “River Oats” Vaccinium corymbosum,  Chelone glabra “White Turtlehead” Verbena hastata, Viburnum spp. 2

Spring Workshop: Plant Material & Planting Techniques for SCM May 31, 2019

 Cladium jamaicense “Saw grass” DROUGHT TOLERANT  Coreopsis lanceolata “Tickseed” Aronia arbutifolia,  Dulichium arundinaceum “Three-way sedge” Callicarpa americana,  Echinacea purpurea “Purple cone flower” Ceanothus americanus,  Elymus hystrix “Bottlebrush grass” Coreopsis lanceolata,  Elymus virginicus “Virginia wildrye” Diospyros virginiana, Echinacea purpurea,  Eupatorium perfoliatum “Boneset” Elymus spp.,  Eutrochium fistulosum “Joe Pye Weed” Gaillardia pulchella,  Gallardia pulchella “Blanket flower” Helianthus angustifolius,  Helenium autumnale “Sneezeweed” Hypericum densiflorum,  Helianthus angustifolius “Swamp Sunflower” Ilex decidua,  Hibiscus coccineus “Scarlet Rosemallow” Itea virginica,  Hibiscus moscheutos “Marsh Hibiscus” Juncus effusus,  Juncus effusus “Common Rush” Lobelia cardinalis,  Kosteletskya virginica “Saltmarsh Mallow” Monarda fistulosa,  Liatris spicata “Blazing star” Muhlenbergia capillaris,  Lobelia cardinalis “Cardinal Flower” Panicum virgatum,  Lobelia elongate “Blue lobelia” Physocarpus opulifolius,  Monarda fistulosa “Bee balm” Ratibida columnifera,  Muhlenbergia capillaris “Purple Muhly” Rhododendron viscosum,  Panicum rigidulum “Redtop panicgrass” Rhododendron atlanticum,  Panicum virgatum “Switchgrass” Sambucus canadensis,  Ratibida columnifera “Prairie coneflower” Scirpus cyperinus,  Rhynchospora colorata “Starrush Whitetop” Solidago sempervirens,  Saururus cernuus “Lizard’s tail” Spirea tomentosa,  Scirpus cyperinus “Wool grass” Symphoricarpos orbiculatus,  Solidago sempervirens “Goldenrod” Symphyotrichum oblongifolium,  Syphyotrichum lateriflorum “Calico aster” Viburnum dentatum,  Syphyotrichum novae-angliae “New England aster” Viburnum prunifolium,  Syphyotrichum oblongifolium “Aromatic aster” Xanthorhiza simplicissima  Verbena hastata “Swamp Verbena”  Vernonia noveboracensis “Ironweed”

Shrubs for Temporary Inundation/Shallow Land Zone  Aesculus pavia “Red buckeye”  Clethra alnifolia “Sweet pepperbush”  Aesculus sylvatica “Painted buckeye”  Cornus amomum “Silky dogwood”  Alnus serrulata “Tag alder/Hazel alder”  Cyrilla racemiflora “Ti-ti”  Amelanchier arborea “Downy serviceberry”  Diospyros virginiana “Persimmon”  Amelanchier canadensis “Serviceberry”  Eubotrys racemosus “Swamp dog hobble”  Aronia arbutifolia “Red Chokeberry”  Hamamelis virginiana “Witchhazel”  Callicarpa americana “Beautyberry”  Hypericum densiflorum “Bushy St John’s  Ceonothus americanus “New Jersey tea” wort”  Cephalanthus occidentalis “Button bush”  Ilex decidua “Possum haw”

Spring Workshop: Plant Material & Planting Techniques for SCM May 31, 2019

 Ilex glabra “Inkberry”  Salix serica “Silky willow”  Ilex verticillata “Winterberry”  Sambucus canadensis “Elderberry”  Ilex vomitoria “Yaupon”  Spiraea tomentosa “Hardhack”  Itea virginica “Virginia sweetspire”  Styrax americanus “American snowbell”  Lindera benzoin “Northern spicebush”  Symphoricarpos orbiculatus “Coralberry”  Lyonia lucida “Fetterbush”  Vaccinium corymbosum “Highbush  Rhododendron viscosum “Swamp azalea” blueberry”  Rhododendron atlanticum “Dwarf azalea”  Viburnum dentatum “Arrowwood”  Physocarpus opulifolius “Ninebark”  Viburnum prunifolium “Blackhaw”  Rosa palustris “Swamp rose”  Viburnum nudum “Possumhaw”  Salix caroliniana “Carolina willow”  Xanthorhiza simplicissima “Yellowroot”

Upland - This zone extends above the maximum design water surface elevation (never inundated) and often includes the outermost buffer of a pond or wetland. Plant selections should be made based on soil condition, slope stability, light, ease of maintenance, and function within the landscape because little or no water inundation will occur. Grasses  Corylus Americana “American hazelnut”  Andropogon virginicus “Broomsedge”  Fagus grandifolia “American beech”  Elymus hystrix “Bottlebrush grass”  Ilex opaca “American holly”  Eragrostis spectabilis “Purple lovegrass”  Juniperus virginiana “Eastern red cedar”  Chasmanthium latifolium “River oats”  Liriodendron tulipifera “Tulip poplar”  Muhlenbergia capillaris “Sweet grass”  Oxydendrum arboreum “Sourwood”  Schizachyrium scoparium “Little bluestem”  Prunus serotina “Black cherry”  Sorghastrum nutans “Indian grass”  Quercus alba “White oak”  Tridens flavus “Purpletop tridens”  Quercus falcata “Southern red oak” Flowering perennials  Quercus montana “Chestnut oak”  Baptisia alba “White wild indigo”  Quercus rubra “Northern red oak”  Coreopsis lanceolata “Lance-leaf coreopsis”  Sassafras albidum “Sassafras”  Gaillardia pulchella “Indian blanket” Shrubs  Monarda fistulosa “Wild bergamot”  Aesculus flava “Yellow buckeye”  Rudbeckia hirta “Black-eyed susan”  Callicarpa Americana “Beautyberry” Trees  Calycanthus floridus “Sweetshrub”  Carya glabra “Pignut hickory”  Hamamelis virginiana “Witch hazel”  Carya ovata “Shagbark hickory”  Symphoricarpos orbiculatus “Coralberry”  Celtis occidentalis “Hackberry”  Ulmus alata “Winged elm”  Cercis canadensis “Eastern redbud”  Viburnum prunifolium “Black haw”  Cornus florida “Flowering dogwood” References: 1. Stormwater Program, Stormwater Design Manual (2017), NC Department of Environmental Quality, accessed from: https://deq.nc.gov/sw-bmp-manual 2. NC State Cooperative Extension: https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/plant-list 3. USDA, NRCS. 2019. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 30 May 2019). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.