Lafayette River Watershed Native Plant Guide Native Plants = Healthy River

Did you know the Lafayette River is plagued by too many nutrients? Native plants can help the river AND help you. Here is why native plants are the better choice for your landscaping. They:

• Reduce erosion • Are more resistant to diseases • Are less likely to become invasive • Need less water since they are tolerant to this area’s conditions • Require no pesticides or fertilizers (nutrients) -- no added pollution to the Lafayette so a cleaner river • Contribute to a large-scale partnership initiative to restore and protect the Lafayette

Shrubs Saltwater Wetland Plants Alder, Common, Alnus serrulata Annual Saltmarsh Aster, Aster subulatus Beautyberry, American, Callicarpa americana Black Needlerush, Juncus roemerianus Buttonbush, Cephalanthus occidentalis Marsh Hibiscus, Hibiscus moscheutos Chinkapin, Alleghany, Castanea pumila Marsh Pink, Sabatia stellaris Chokeberry, Red, Aronia arbutifolia Switchgrass, Panicum virgatum Coastal Fetterbush, Eubotrys racemosa Perennial Salt Marsh Aster, Aster tenuifolius Dangleberry, Gaylussacia frondosa Rose Mallow, Kosteletskya virginica Elder, Marsh, Iva frutescens Saltmarsh Fleabane, Pluchea purpurascens Groundsel bush, Baccharis halimifolia Saltmeadow Hay, Spartina patens Hazel, Witch, Hamamelis virginiana Sea Lavender, Limonium carolinianum Holly, Yaupon, Ilex vomitoria Sea Oxeye, Borrichia frutescens Huckleberry, Black, Gaylussacia baccata Seaside Goldenrod, Solidago sempervirens Inkberry, Ilex glabra Smooth Cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora New Jersey Tea, Ceanothus americanus Spike Grass, Distichlis spicata Possumhaw, Ilex decidua Tall Cordgrass, Spartina cynosuroides Spicebush, Lindera benzoin Sweet Pepper-bush, Clethra alnifolia Titi, Cyrilla racemiflora Willow, Virginia, Itea virginica Freshwater Wetland Plants Winterberry Holly, Ilex verticillata (rarely exposed to saltwater) Wintergreen, Gaultheria procumbens Blue Water Iris, Iris versicolor Button Bush, Cephalanthus occidentalis Top Native Plants for Butterflies Cardinal Flower, Lobelia cardinalis Black-eyed Susan, Rudbeckia spp. Jewelweed, Impatiens capensis Joe-Pye Weed, Eupatorium spp. Lizard’s Tail, Saururus cernuus Blazing Star, Gay-Feather, Liatris spp. Marsh Marigold, Caltha palustris Lance Coreopsis, Coreopsis lanceolata Spotted Joe-Pye Weed, Eupatorium maculatum Thread-leaf Coreopsis, Coreopsis verticillata Swamp Milkweed, Asclepias incarnate New England Aster, Aster novae-angliae Swamp Rose, Rosa palustris Butterfly Weed, Asclepias tuberosa Sweet Flag, Acorus calamus Purple Coneflower, Echinacea purpurea

Top Native Plants for Wildlife Trees for Birds: American Holly, Black Cherry, Flowering Dogwood, Live Oak, Hickories, Oaks, and Red Mulberry Shrubs for Birds: Hollies Vines for Birds: American bittersweet, Virginia Creeper and Wild Grape

Trees Alder, Tag, Alnus serrulata Oak, Post, Quercus stellata Ash, Carolina, Fraxinus caroliniana Oak, Sand live, Quercus geminata Ash, White, Fraxinus americana Oak, Sand post, Quercus margarettiae Ash, Pumpkin, Fraxinus profunda Oak, Scarlet , Quercus coccinea Atlantic white-cedar, Chamaecyparis thyoides Oak, Shumard, Quercus shumardii Bald cypress, Taxodium distichum Oak, Southern red, Quercus falcata Basswood, Carolina, Tilia americana var. caroliniana Oak, Swamp chestnut, Quercus michauxii Black gum, Nyssa sylvatica Oak, Swamp laurel, Quercus laurifolia Black locust, Robinia pseudoacacia Oak, Turkey, Quercus laevis Blueberry, Highbush, Vaccinium corymbosum Oak, Water, Quercus nigra Buckeye, Red, Aesculus pavia Oak, White, Quercus alba Buckthorn bumelia, Bumelia lycioides Oak, Bluejack, Quercus incana Catalpa, Catalpa spp. Oak, Willow, Quercus phellos Cherry, Black, Prunus serotina Palmetto, Dwarf, Sabal minor (native, but tough) Cherry-laurel, Carolina, Prunus caroliniana Pecan, Carya illinoinensis Chinquapin, Castanea pumila Persimmon, Diospyros virginiana Cypress, Pond, Taxodium ascendens Pine, Longleaf, Pinus palustris Devilwood Carolina cherry-laurel, Osmanthus americanus Pine, Pond, Pinus serotina Dogwood, Flowering, Cornus florida Pine, Slash, Pinus elliottii Dogwood, Roughleaf, Cornus asperifolia Pine, Loblolly, Pinus taeda Dogwood, Swamp, Cornus stricta Plum, Chickasaw, Prunus angustifolia Elm, Slippery, Ulmus rubra Poplar, White, Populus alba Elm, American, Ulmus americana Rattlebush, Sesbania punicea Fringetree, Chionanthus virginicus Redbay, Swamp, Persea palustris Hawthorn, Crataegus spp. Redbay, Persea borbonia Hickory, Bitternut, Carya cordiformis Redbud, Eastern, Cercis canadensis Hickory, Pignut, Carya glabra Redcedar, Southern, Juniperus virginiana var. silicicola Hickory, Red, Carya ovalis River birch, Betula nigra Hickory, Sand, Carya pallida Sassafras, Sassafras albidum Hickory, Mockernut, Carya tomentosa Serviceberry, Amelanchier canadensis Hickory, Nutmeg, Carya myristiciformis Sourwood, Oxydendrum arboreum Holly, American, Ilex opaca Sparkleberry, Vaccinium arboreum Holly, Yaupon, Ilex vomitoria Sugarberry, Celtis laevigata Hornbeam, Hop, Ostrya virginiana Sumac, Shining, Rhus copallina Ironwood, Carpinus caroliniana Sweetgum, Liquidambar styraciflua Loblolly bay, Gordonia lasianthus Sycamore, American, Platanus occidentalis Magnolia, Southern, Magnolia grandiflora Tulip-poplar, Liriodendron tulipifera Magnolia, Sweetbay, Magnolia virginiana Tupelo, Swamp, Nyssa biflora Maple, Red, Acer rubrum Water tupelo, Nyssa aquatica Maple, Southern sugar, Acer barbatum Wax myrtle (AKA Bayberry), Morella cerifera Mulberry, Red, Morus rubra Willow, Black, Salix nigra Oak, Blackjack, Quercus merilandica Willow, Swamp, Salix caroliniana Oak, Laurel, Quercus hemisphaerica Witchhazel, Hamamelis virginiana Oak, Live, Quercus virginiana

Contributors/ Resources: “Coastal Plain Native Plants.” Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural_heritage/nativeplants.shtml Du Bois, Kevin, P.W.S., P.W.D., Norfolk Division of Environmental Services, [email protected], (757) 621-2564 Herbert, B. Todd, VA Department of Conservation and Recreation, [email protected], (757) 925-2319 “Native Plants for Wildlife Habitat and Conservation Landscaping Chesapeake Bay Watershed” www.nps.gov/plants/pubs/chesapeake/ Priest III, Walter I., PWS, NOAA Restoration Center, [email protected], (804) 684-7385 Prince, John. Prince Landscapes, www.prince-landscapes.com, [email protected], (757) 332-1562 “Wildlife Habitat Guide for Restoring and Landscaping in the Elizabeth River Watershed” Elizabeth River Project, (757) 399-7487 Van Mullekom, Kathy. “Perfect Plants for Wildlife” from Homearama Plan Book 2010. www.dailypress.com/digginblog Russel, Dr. Alice B. “Trees of the Maritime Forest.” NC State Univ. www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/consumer/factsheets/maritime/index.htm

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