Downloaded on 2017-02-12T07:01:49Z Invertebrate Diversity in Irish and British Forests
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Title Invertebrate diversity in Irish and British forests Author(s) Fuller, Lauren Publication date 2013 Original citation Fuller, L. 2013. Invertebrate diversity in Irish and British forests. PhD Thesis, University College Cork. Type of publication Doctoral thesis Rights © 2013, Lauren Fuller http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ Item downloaded http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1570 from Downloaded on 2017-02-12T07:01:49Z Invertebrate Diversity in Irish and British Forests Lauren Fuller This thesis is presented to the National University of Ireland, Cork, in candidature for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Research supervisors: Professor John O’Halloran Dr Tom Kelly School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork Head of School: Professor John O’Halloran August 2013 Table of Contents Declaration ............................................................................................................1 Abstract .................................................................................................................2 Chapter 1: Introduction .........................................................................................3 Forests in Ireland and Britain .............................................................................................. 4 Forest biodiversity ............................................................................................................... 5 Forest management for biodiversity .................................................................................... 5 Invertebrate diversity ........................................................................................................... 8 Aims of this research ........................................................................................................... 9 References ......................................................................................................................... 11 Chapter 2: The response of ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae) and hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) to afforestation in an agricultural landscape .................... 21 Abstract .............................................................................................................................. 22 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 23 Materials and methods ....................................................................................................... 25 Results ............................................................................................................................... 32 Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 42 References ......................................................................................................................... 48 Chapter 3: The importance of young plantation forest habitat and forest road- verges for ground-dwelling spider diversity ...................................................... 57 Abstract .............................................................................................................................. 58 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 59 Materials and methods ....................................................................................................... 61 Results ............................................................................................................................... 67 Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 73 References ......................................................................................................................... 78 Chapter 4: Influence of conifer tree species on ground-dwelling spider diversity in plantation forests ............................................................................. 84 Abstract .............................................................................................................................. 85 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 86 Materials and methods ....................................................................................................... 88 Results ............................................................................................................................... 93 Discussion ........................................................................................................................ 100 References ....................................................................................................................... 105 Chapter 5: Ground-dwelling spider (Araneae) and carabid beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) community assemblages in mixed and monoculture stands of oak (Quercus robur/ Q. petraea) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) ....................... 113 Abstract ............................................................................................................................ 114 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 115 Materials and methods ..................................................................................................... 117 Results ............................................................................................................................. 125 Discussion ........................................................................................................................ 133 Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................... 138 References ....................................................................................................................... 139 Chapter 6: The application of forest biodiversity indicators across forest stand types and regions .............................................................................................. 146 Abstract ............................................................................................................................ 147 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 148 Materials and methods ..................................................................................................... 150 Results ............................................................................................................................. 157 Discussion ........................................................................................................................ 161 References ....................................................................................................................... 169 Chapter 7: Ground-dwelling spider diversity in rare European oak and yew woodlands and the impact of grazing ............................................................... 181 Abstract ............................................................................................................................ 182 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 183 Materials and methods ..................................................................................................... 185 Results ............................................................................................................................. 189 Discussion ........................................................................................................................ 195 References ....................................................................................................................... 200 Chapter 8: Concluding synthesis ...................................................................... 207 Main conclusions ............................................................................................................. 208 Forest management recommendations ............................................................................ 210 Further research ............................................................................................................... 211 References ....................................................................................................................... 213 Acknowledgements .......................................................................................... 218 Appendix 1 ....................................................................................................... 219 Appendix 2 ....................................................................................................... 224 Appendix 3 ....................................................................................................... 230 Appendix 4 ....................................................................................................... 233 Declaration This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree, nor is it being currently submitted in candidature for any other degree, either at University College Cork or elsewhere. This thesis