F e a t u r e s 1 4 P a r r i s h R e b o r n The College’s historical anchor is undergoing a major renovation. By Jeffrey Lott Departments 1 8 A P r o f i t a b l e 3 L e t t e r s E d u c a t i o n Readers’ reactions Many Swarthmoreans choose careers in P r o f i l e s business. But is the College preparing 4 C o l l e c t i o n them for its challenges? The campus this spring 5 9 M a r s c h a k ’ s By Peter Cohan ’79 O p u s 4 6 C o n n e c t i o n s Dorothy Marschak ’51 helps bring better 2 4 W o m e n C a r v i n g The Alumni Office is moving. music education to DC schoolchildren. T h e i r O w n P a t h s By Elizabeth Redden ’05 Self-employed alumnae build 4 8 C l a s s N o t e s economically independent and creatively Story exchange 6 1 T h e M e a n i n g fulfilling lives. o f R e t i r e m e n t By Andrea Hammer 5 5 D e a t h s Roger Youman ’53 has served as both Sorrowfully reported losses teacher and editor—most recently of 3 2 T a c k l i n g The Meaning of Swarthmore, a T o r t u r e 6 6 Books & Arts collection of powerful alumni essays. Torture isn’t just morally unjustified—it Patricia White reviews Down and Dirty By Jeffrey Lott doesn’t even work, says Darius Rejali ’81. Pictures, Miramax, Sundance, and the By Elizabeth Redden ’05 Rise of Independent Film by Peter 7 2 H e a r t s a n d Biskind ’62. M i n d s 3 6 D v o r˘ ák i n D.D. Smith Hilke ’73 will bring a A m e r i c a : T h e N o t - 7 4 I n M y L i f e child’s-eye view to Salt Lake City’s S o - D i s t a n t M i r r o r A Sequence of Miscalculations new museum. An unusual project looks at American By Arnold Kling ’75 By Colleen Gallagher music—and history—through a different discoverer of the New World. 8 8 Q+A 7 9 L u n c h a t 1 1 By David Wright ’69 Professor Barry Schwartz’s own O ’ C l o c k M a r s T i m e lifestyle has inadvertently become Computer scientist Joan Differding Walton 4 2 D i s o b e d i e n t a piece of best-selling research. ’85 helps unravel the mysteries of Mars. L o v e By Carol Brévart-Demm By Carol Brévart-Demm In San Francisco, three same-sex

Swarthmore couples say, “I do.” COVER: THIS WARHOLESQUE IMAGE OF SWARTHMOREʼS ADIRONDACK CHAIRS FIRST APPEARED By Laura Markowitz ’85 ON THE FRONT PAGE OF THE APRIL 15 PHOENIX, WHICH IS OFFERING FULL-COLOR GLOSSY PRINTS STARTING AT $10. FOR INFORMATION, E-MAIL [email protected].

INSIDE COVER PHOTO BY STEVEN GOLDBLATT ʼ67 PARLORTALK

here are few things more pleasurable than giving your attention to something you Swarthmore love doing, yet modern life affords few chances to concentrate on much of anything. COLLEGEBULLETIN We celebrate multitasking, and, although it’s true that the pace of our economy T Editor: Jeffrey Lott demands this skill, there’s a price to be paid—and it’s not merely the health risks associat- ed with stress or the spiritual confusion we sometimes feel in the midst of chaos. The ero- Managing Editor: Andrea Hammer sion of opportunities to concentrate—to “attend” to life—is making it more difficult to Class Notes Editor: Carol Brévart-Demm both appreciate its joys and solve its problems. Assistant Editor: Colleen Gallagher The 20th century gave us two new terms. Attention span (often modified by “short”) Staff Writer: Alisa Giardinelli entered the language in the 1930s, signaling a concern about something that was appar- Desktop Publishing: Audree Penner ently not an issue until the 20th century. And, less than 50 years later, we first heard the Art Director: Suzanne DeMott Gaadt, clinical term attention deficit disorder, a learning Gaadt Perspectives LLC The erosion of problem that one recent study says is exacer- Administrative Assistant: bated by watching television in the toddler Janice Merrill-Rossi opportunities to years. Intern: Elizabeth Redden ’05 But attention deficit isn’t just a learning Editor Emerita: concentrate—to issue, it’s an everyday challenge. In our office, Maralyn Orbison Gillespie ’49 reading a manuscript without interruption is a Contacting Swarthmore College “attend” to life— rare event, and time to write is often stolen by College Operator: (610) 328-8000 is making it more insistent e-mails, faxes, and FedExes. We carry www.swarthmore.edu on simultaneous “conversations” in several Admissions: (610) 328-8300 difficult to both media with co-workers down the hall, suppli- [email protected] ers across the country, and alumni around the Alumni Relations: (610) 328-8402 appreciate its world. People rarely sit to talk. They lean in the [email protected] door and drop a few words, hurrying on to the Publications: (610) 328-8568 joys and solve next task; or they leave a voice mail—“call me [email protected] back on my cell”; or they send electronic mes- Registrar: (610) 328-8297 [email protected] its problems. sages that would better be delivered in person World Wide Web to add face, voice, and body language to their www.swarthmore.edu words. It’s no wonder that we need to escape the office to give concerted attention to read- ing or writing—the two basic jobs of the editor. (In fact, I’m writing this at home, sitting Changes of Address quietly in my living room, late at night. ) Send address label along It’s the opportunity to focus that I miss, the chance to do one thing, and one thing with new address to: only, for hours. The satisfaction that we find in recreation—for me, a morning spent gar- Alumni Records Office Swarthmore College dening, an afternoon umpiring a kids’ baseball game, or a clear night at my telescope— 500 College Avenue comes not so much from the activity itself but because it can be pursued without distrac- Swarthmore PA 19081-1390 tion. This is what I also crave in my work—time to allow the best in us to rise above the Phone: (610) 328-8435. Or e-mail: noise of life. [email protected]. Ironically (for a person who works on a college campus), the most precious opportuni- The Swarthmore College Bulletin (ISSN ties that Swarthmore provides are the ones to pay attention—to listen, observe, read, 0888-2126), of which this is volume CI, write, think, and dream. For a few years at the beginning of adulthood, students may read number 5, is published in August, Sep- one book for a whole afternoon, watch a play and talk about it for the rest of the evening, tember, December, March, and June by Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, play a game with energy and passion, make a commitment to a cause and follow through Swarthmore PA 19081-1390. Periodicals on it, eat all their meals with friends and lovers, think about the meaning of life, and—the postage paid at Swarthmore PA and one I miss the most—write all night. Do they know what they have? Probably not. Are additional mailing offices. Permit No. 0530-620. Postmaster: Send address these privileges wasted on the young? No again: Who better to dream today so that they changes to Swarthmore College Bulletin, may lead tomorrow? 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore PA —Jeffrey Lott 19081-1390. SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN © 2004 Swarthmore College 2 Printed in U.S.A. L E T T E R S

CONTROLLINGCOSTSISKEY Popular media images in the 1940s and The rising cost of higher education has 1950s showed tidy marriages and squeaky- become a national issue. Especially in this clean young people, but the history of sex- context, Paul Courant’s [’68] article “The ual morals is not the same as the history of Value of a Liberal Education” (March Bul- sexual practice. The fact that casual sex was letin) is as trivial and muddle-headed as stigmatized and frequently kept hidden any I’ve ever read. does not mean it didn’t happen—or even Rather than examine the many possibil- that it wasn’t discussed. As early as World ities for controlling the costs of education, War II, the sexual culture of American ser- he justifies outrageous increases by vicemen attracted considerable attention declaiming that liberal education is worth from journalists, public health officials, any cost. And, he says, the great demand and both religious and secular moralists. for high-priced education proves it is In the decades before the sexual revolu- worth the cost. Little recognition is given tion of the 1960s and 1970s, venereal dis- to the fact that our class-conscious society ease was frequently the subject of public includes many people who are willing to moralizing. The Kinsey Reports of 1948 and make clear that Pauline was not an employ- pay these high costs because they expect 1953 were scandalous best-sellers largely ee of the College. Every penny of her salary that prestige and better job opportunities because they blew the lid off America’s was paid by Partners in Ministry, a consor- will result. As to the intrinsic value (what- “Ozzie and Harriet” facade, bringing to tium of five local Protestant congregations ever that is), how many parents truly assess light just how many millions of Americans and the Swarthmore Friends Meeting as it before making or agreeing to a college failed to live up to the dominant sexual well as by a significant body of alumni, choice? ideals. members of the faculty and staff, and indi- Courant cites Baumol’s Law as justifica- It is crucial to remember that in the viduals from the local community. The Col- tion for the lack of improvement in teacher 1950s, obtaining birth control was very dif- lege has been the beneficiary of these Part- productivity despite the fact that anachro- ficult even for married couples, and young ners’ dedication and commitment to pro- nistic rigidities abound, that tenured facul- pregnant women faced few options apart viding a Protestant presence on campus, to ty hold sinecures they zealously protect, from hurried, often unhappy marriages or nurturing and supporting students in their and that possibilities for enhanced learn- dangerous, illegal abortions. Things were spiritual quests, and making available to ing at lower cost are rarely examined with especially bad for gays and lesbians, for them a positive account of the Gospel mes- impartial objectivity. It is no wonder that whom casual sex often posed the risk of sage. legislators, taxpayers, and parents question being arrested, blackmailed, fired, or sub- P. LINWOOD URBAN the cost increases so smugly justified by jected to needless and destructive medical Swarthmore, Pa. academics like Courant. “treatment.” But even for heterosexuals, RICHARD KIRSCHNER ’49 sex was fraught with serious dangers made Editor’s Note: Linwood Urban is professor Albuquerque, N.M. worse by severe shame and stigma. emeritus of religion and chair of the board of The “sexual revolution” was at least as Partners in Ministry. Alumni interested in sup- ACCEPTANCE WAS THE REAL much a revolution in acceptance as in porting this and other religious advising efforts SEXUALREVOLUTION behavior, and it brought about major on campus should contact Dan West, vice pres- “The Swattie Dating Game” (March 2004 improvements in American life, ranging ident for alumni, development, and public rela- Bulletin) is astute and thorough but would from gays and lesbians coming out of the tions. have benefited from a more accurate ver- closet to birth control becoming widely sion of the history of sexuality. Author available. AT 20, SECOND CHANCE Elizabeth Redden ’05 cites popular journal- TIMOTHY STEWART-WINTER ’01 The article “A Dream Deferred” (March ism and recent surveys by the Independent Chicago Bulletin), which told the story of Swarth- Woman’s Forum (IWF) to demonstrate more’s relationship with the Bartol that a “hookup culture” is widely accepted PARTNERS IN MINISTRY Research Foundation, brought back memo- among college students. The fact that casu- SUPPORTED PAULINE ALLEN ries of my undergraduate days and particu- al sex has become tolerated leads her to Although the March issue of the Swarth- larly my own limitations as a 20 year old. imply that such sexual behavior is a “mil- more College Bulletin paid a glowing tribute In the 1960s, as the article points out, a lennial” development; she even quotes an to the late religious adviser Pauline Allen procession of Swarthmore engineering IWF spokesperson who describes it as for her remarkable contribution to the spir- graduates signed up to work at Bartol’s “where the sexual revolution took a wrong itual lives of students—and indeed to the Antarctic research station, principally to turn.” College at large—the Bulletin neglected to Please turn to page 87 J U N E 2 0 0 4

3 COLLECTION Living Wage Committee Reports: Community Examines Options

THE COLLEGE’S AD HOC COMMIT- • Both the child care benefit TEE ON THE LIVING WAGE issued and the health insurance sup- its report in February. The rec- plement should be means test- ommendations have been the ed; that is, a family’s entire subject of broad campus conver- income, not just that of a single sations this spring, and the employee, would determine eli- Board of Managers is expected gibility. The committee recom- to discuss formally the commit- mends that employees who tee’s proposals and other op- desire these new benefits sub- tions in the fall. mit a copy of their federal tax The committee, co-chaired return each year. The return will by Melanie Young, associate vice be used to determine where on president for human resources, the sliding scale they fit. and Barry Schwartz, Dorwin P. Perhaps the most vexing Cartwright Professor of Social concern facing the committee Theory and Social Action, and was wage compression. If the comprising representatives from minimum hourly wage is raised the staff, faculty, and student from $9 to $13 per hour, for body, began meeting in fall example, then staff members 2002. Its report contained both already making $13 per hour majority and minority recom- would find themselves earning

mendations that, if implement- only slightly more than people JIM GRAHAM ed, could add an estimated they had previously outearned MEMBERS OF THE LIVING WAGE AND DEMOCRACY CAMPAIGN, A CAMPUS GROUP $750,000 to $2 million to the by a substantial amount. College’s annual personnel The committee decided that THAT ADVOCATES WAGE AND BENEFIT INCREASES FOR THE COLLEGE’S LOWEST- expenses. some wage compression was PAID STAFF MEMBERS, HUNG BANNERS ON PARRISH PORCH DURING THE SPRING Among the majority recom- inevitable, but that something MEETINGOFTHEBOARDOFMANAGERS.THEBOARDISEXPECTEDTOCONSIDER mendations: should be done to preserve wage THELIVINGWAGEISSUEINTHEFALL. • The Swarthmore minimum differentials in the interest of wage should be $10.72 per hour staff morale. It, therefore, sug- group chaired by Maurice not currently accommodate (minority recommendation: gested that wage increases Eldridge ’61, vice president for either the majority or minority $13.89). should be provided for employ- college and community relations recommendation without reduc- • Swarthmore should intro- ees earning more than the Col- and assistant to President Al- ing expenditures in other areas. duce a new child care subsidy lege minimum, according to a fred H. Bloom. At those meet- The College has already reduced benefit of up to $550 per month scale detailed in the report. ings, members of the committee its operating budget by $1.5 mil- for preschool-age children and Members purposely did not explained their proposals and lion over the past two fiscal $325 per month for elementary address how their suggestions the reasons that they thought years, so Welsh said that there school–age children. The Col- might be financed because, as Swarthmore should be a leader were “only a few areas that lege would pay the actual costs noted in the report, “statements in providing a living wage for its might provide significant of child care, up to these maxi- about where the money could employees. Several alternative sources of funds without seri- ma (minority recommendation: come from would be statements proposals were floated at those ous erosion of the program.” subsidy capped at $5,000 per about what Swarthmore Col- meetings, but the debate cen- Dan West, vice president for employee). lege’s institutional priorities tered on the committee’s recom- alumni, development, and pub- • Swarthmore should modify should be. This is an extremely mendation of $10.72 and the lic relations, told a staff gather- its current health insurance important, indeed unavoidable, problem of wage compression. ing that it would be difficult for benefits such that lowest-paid matter, but not one to be decid- Vice President for Finance the College to raise additional employees receive full HMO ed by an ad hoc committee.” and Treasurer Suzanne Welsh funds to endow staff compensa- coverage for their families at no A series of campus meetings reported to the faculty in April tion. He said the College would cost to them. was organized this spring by a that the College’s budget could need to raise about $20 million SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 4 ocrigtelvn aepro- wage living the concerning opinion of differences are there beings.” human all to nity opportu- and care, health tion, nutri- of conditions basic ing provid- as world and society our to critical as any, if issues, few are “there that saying by began Bloom issue. the about staff and faculty the both to spoke tiatives. ini- diversity and development staff for earmarked is which of some goal, million $230 its of million $160 about raised has Swarthmore of Meaning The costs. benefit and wage in increase annual $750,000 a finance to endowment new in H ER FTEBOROUGH THE OF HEART THE H N FA ERA S AN OF END THE rwn olg tdnso td breaks study on students store— College the drawing of half filled fountain soda a street. the sta- across train just the tion to racing before grab to com- muters rush-hour for time in news- bundles in paper pulling a.m., 7:30 at arrive the to was one McDonnell years, 20 than more for Michael’s at worked employees faithful some though Even taxing. too 70-hour were a workweek of demands the that realized out.”He “giving were legs his that admitting reluctantly after said, McDonnell life,” yet. tenant a find to time had even hasn’t he that said McDonnell Michael’sbuilding, the of owner Chester As S. location. 755 Road the at store the to transition monthlong a during manager pharmacy 1968. since pharmacist as the there worked and 1985 since pharmacy the owned has McDonnell community. the through waves shock sent tions—he prescrip- customers’ existing assumed only but building Swarthmore the move into not did CVS—which to Michael’s had sold he that March in McDon- announced 67, Jack nell, owner when So years. 70 for Swarthmore anchored has Pharmacy lege TRADDLING lo cnwegdthat acknowledged Bloom Bloom President May, In eoeMDnelondtepharmacy, the owned McDonnell Before my in one hardest the was decision “This CVS a as work to planned McDonnell P R AND ARK C HESTER ihe’ Col- Michael’s , A EUSAT VENUES 66 o$ n20;ti base this 2002; in $9 to $6.66 from raised was wage imum min- College’s the program, tion compensa- entire College’s the examined that committee staff a of recommendation the (Upon region.” this for wage living a be to determined committee the that $10.72 the of short $1 only year, next hour per be $9.70 will College the at wage est low- the taken, already has lege Col- the steps of “because that out pointed he when proposal community.” and mission educational its of aspects other compromising without afford can College the “what wondered He them. address to take might College the steps and posals lo fee compromise a offered Bloom eswowr silconvinced “still were who bers mem- staff invited president the Bloom. said employees,” paid lowest our for care—benefits child perhaps health—and supplement should College the extent, what to and “whether, wage.” living be a to judged committee the of ty majori- the what at terms, salary in be, already would we arately, sep- benefits these fund to College were the if “So hour: per $1 additional an to equivalent tion op- cash a offers plan benefits increases.) pool sation compen- through incrementally grow to continued has amount tteedo i remarks, his of end the At is then, issue, key The College’s the said also Bloom

1947 HALCYON ODI AC,SDEIGTECOMMUNITY. THE SADDENING MARCH, IN SOLD PHARMACY HANGOUT. MICHAEL’S POPULAR A MADE JUKEBOX AND TAIN TOP: stewnso hnesn ac chill March Swarthmore. a through sent change of winds the as post— lookout daily their to roof—clinging bell-shaped Michael’s on perched still birds smile. ever-present his with them and warming customers on eyes kind his focusing fine—instead was he that said unfailingly he difficult, counter pharmacy steps the the behind up walking made a and with eye him bruised left which fall, recent a Even after illness. with bouts others’ during sion compas- his and prescriptions about tions ques- answering in patience McDonnell’s to tribute particular paid Many Michael’s. into poured time” “difficult this addressing cards and notes thank-you borough, said. McDonnell nickels. phar- their the with to macy going safe were that sons felt three always her mother one that said grow He them up. of many watched and store the into coming children young more noticed he time, Over said. McDonnell here,” engaged became couple “One dates. and ept h medn od lsesof clusters void, impending the Despite the through reverberated news the As me,” to everything meant has “Michael’s NTE13SAD14S OAFOUN- SODA A 1940S, AND 1930S THE IN ih o Swarthmore.” for right is believes community broad the that issue important and dif- ficult this to approach an find can we together, “working that hope the expressed Bloom staff, the affordable.” more much be therefore would that staff—and lowest-paid our for benefits on specifically focuses that one into it revising toward move we gest sug- I ... support strong “Absent him. contact to proposal” original full the pursue should we that reports/LWReport7.Feb04.pdf. www.swarthmore.edu/Admin/- http://- visit full report, the committee of copy a download To AiaGadnliadJfryLott Jeffrey and Giardinelli —Alisa eoetkn usin from questions taking Before BOTTOM: Ade Hammer —Andrea IHE’ WAS MICHAEL’S

5 J U N E 2 0 0 4 A “Mediated” World IT’SA FRIDAY AFTERNOON IN MARCH, AND SEVEN STUDENTS are watching movies in class. Led by Associate Professor of English Literature and Chair of the Film and Media Studies Program Patricia White, mem- bers of the course Film Theory and Culture are watching Rainer Werner Fassbinder’s 1973 film Ali: Fear Eats the Soul, comparing it with Douglas Sirk’s All That Heaven Allows (1954) and Todd Haynes’ Far From Heaven (2002). The students, most of them special majors and minors in film and media studies, have previously seen the films in their entirety, but now, they are shown brief clips. Pinpointing

varying techniques for creating JIM GRAHAM melodramatic effect, they exam- ine the actors’ gestures, facial gressive filmmakers, including York University, and the Univer- ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH expressions, gazes, and body the late Robert Kramer ’62, a sity of Chicago. LITERATURE AND FILM STUDIES language. They analyze the roles significant political film director Besides White and Dass, the PATRICIA WHITE HEADS THE COL- of color, sound, lighting, loca- of his generation, and film program’s faculty includes Pro- tion of action, and the camera’s author Peter Biskind ’62, whose fessor of Sociology and Anthro- LEGE’SBURGEONINGFILMAND and other characters’ perspec- Down and Dirty Pictures won pology Miguel Díaz-Barriga, MEDIASTUDIESPROGRAM,WHICH tives. They discuss the framing international acclaim this year Professor of German Marion MAY BE TAKEN AS AN HONORS of the actors by scenery, furni- (see review on p. 66). Faber, Associate Professor of MINOR,ACOURSEMINOR,ORA ture, and other actors. The formal program, which German Sunka Simon, Associ- SPECIALMAJOR. After the class, senior Jeffrey was approved by the faculty in ate Professor of Chinese Haili Scheible, a film and media stud- 1999, now offers students the Kong, Professor of English Lit- these departments are in dia- ies special major says: “This is option to pursue a special erature Craig Williamson, and logue with each other via the probably my favorite class ever. major, minor, or Honors minor. Assistant Professor of French Film and Media Studies Pro- We watch great, important Its curriculum includes an Carina Yervasi. gram.” movies and read great, impor- introductory course, a video White says: “Our interdisci- White, who recently co- tant articles, both about the production workshop taught by plinary faculty is increasingly authored (with Timothy Corrig- movies and about specific Visiting Assistant Professor drawn from people who have an of the University of Pennsyl- issues. What I especially love Nandini Sikan, the theory and had academic training in film— vania) The Film Experience, an is the way the class combines culture course, and independent students can take courses in Af- introductory film textbook, con- theoretical and intellectual study opportunities. Next fall, rican, French, German, Japan- siders it vital to educate both approaches with the quirkiness Mellon Postdoctoral Fellow ese, Soviet, and Spanish cinema viewers and future producers of our varying degrees of being Manishita Dass will offer a new as well as in visual ethnography.” who are critical of, knowledge- film buffs. Patty enthusiastically course on Indian cinema. According to Scheible, film able about, and appreciative of encourages these perspectives.” Although the program em- and media studies at Swarth- the potential of film and media. The study of film at Swarth- phasizes film theory, history, more is “the ultimate liberal arts “Our world is ‘mediated,’” she more has its roots in the 1970s, and analysis, White stresses the subject.” He says: “I’ve taken says. “Our government, our when William R. Kenan Jr., Pro- importance of these disciplines classes with top-notch profes- wars, our pleasures all play out fessor Emerita of Art History for media producers. Recent sors in the English, Sociology on the screen. It is important to Kaori Kitao taught the first film graduates are currently enrolled and Anthropology, Modern Lan- be not only negative about this class in the Department of Art in top graduate programs in cin- guages and Literatures, Art, and situation but also to see in it the History. Film classes at Swarth- ema studies at the University of Psychology departments that all potential for change.” more have spawned several pro- California at Los Angeles, New count toward my major. All —Carol Brévart-Demm SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 6 Swarthmore in Focus SWARTHMORE BECAME A MECCA FOR DOCUMENTARY FILMMAKERS this spring. Renowned documentary filmmaker Frederick Wiseman visit- ed campus in April to lecture at the close of a series of screenings of his films. The documentaries Meat, Ballet, and Titicut Follies were shown on three successive nights. Another famous documentarian, Albert Maysles (Gimme Shelter, Grey Gardens, and Monterey Pop), came to campus in April to shoot footage for a film he is making on anti-Semitism. Maysles asked Professor of History Robert Weinberg to assemble a group of about 20 students for a filmed discussion. In March, the College itself got in the act when it brought in a trio of all-star film crews to capture on digital video the essence of student life at Swarthmore. Producers Jon Huberth and Vern Oakley brought in Buddy Squires, who has worked with the famed docu- mentary filmmaker Ken Burns; Steve Kazmierski, who directed pho- tography for the critically acclaimed feature film You Can Count on Me; and Anthony Savini, who worked on the television series Crime and Punishment and The Freshman Diaries. The goal was to follow a selected group of students for 3 days and nights as they navigated their Swarthmore experience. From the classroom to the dorm room, the dining hall to the rugby field, the Philly club scene to the famed on-campus party “Screw Your Room- mate,” the crews shot some 35 hours of digital video. One innovative feature of the filming was a series of “self-inter- views,” where students sat alone with a camera in the abandoned “ballroom” of Parrish Hall and talked directly about the College. Excerpts from these interviews may be seen in “Swarthmore ANTHONY SAVINI Unscripted,” a new feature on the College’s Web site (www.swarth- CINEMATOGRAPHER STEVE KAZMIERSKI AND SOUND TECHNICIAN PETER more.edu/unscripted/). The rest of the footage will be edited into a MILLER CAPTURE SOME DIALOGUE IN THE TARBLE STUDENT CENTER DURING video for use by the Admissions Office. THEFILMINGOFANEWADMISSIONSVIDEOFORTHECOLLEGE. —Tom Krattenmaker and Jeffrey Lott

BOARD APPROVES 4.5 PERCENT will continue to admit applicants without families,” Welsh said, “but they can be INCREASE IN STUDENT CHARGES regard for their ability to pay, meeting the assured that we are taking all responsible At its February meeting, the Board of Man- full financial need of all admitted students. steps to contain costs while continuing to agers approved a 4.5 percent increase in To balance the budget, the board ap- offer the extraordinary education for which comprehensive student charges for 2004– proved a freeze on departmental operating Swarthmore has long been known.” 2005. The budget approved by the Board budgets for the third straight year in addi- —Tom Krattenmaker calls for tuition of $29,782 for the upcoming tion to a $200,000 cut in operating costs. academic year. Room, board, and the student Over the past three years, the College has FACULTY ON THE RISE activity fee will bring the total to $39,408. reduced operating costs by $1.4 million, said Of eight faculty promotions this year, associ- “Like many colleges and universities, Suzanne Welsh, vice president for finance ate professorship with tenure was awarded to Swarthmore is operating in a challenging fis- and treasurer. Assistant Professors Eric Jensen, Physics and cal environment,” Board Chair Barbara Weber The College’s current capital campaign, Astronomy; Bruce Maxwell, Engineering; Mather ’65 said. “The pressures are particu- The Meaning of Swarthmore, is set to raise Sunka Simon, Modern Languages and Litera- larly acute at Swarthmore because we delib- $230 million by the end of 2006. Funds from tures; and Thomas Whitman, Music and erately maintain a small student population the campaign are financing new construction Dance. while offering a broad range of courses typi- and additions to the curriculum, reducing the The following faculty members were pro- cal of bigger institutions.” burden of those expenses on the operating moted from associate to full professor: The College’s financial aid policies will budget. The campaign is also helping build Miguel Díaz-Barriga, Sociology and Anthro- continue to ensure access for students of all the endowment, income that provides almost pology; Pieter Judson, History; Amy Vollmer, economic backgrounds. Slightly more than half of the annual operating budget. Biology; and Hansjakob Werlen, Modern Lan- half of students receive financial aid, most of “We know that tuition increases are never guages and Literatures. it as grants rather than loans. Swarthmore welcome news for our students and their —Carol Brévart-Demm J U N E 2 0 0 4 7 Caring for the THE COLLEGE NEEDS TO BE MORE ACTIVELY involved in the manage- ment and preservation of the Crum Woods, according to an inde- pendent report issued in December. The College’s ad hoc Crum Woods Stewardship Committee (CWSC) commissioned the study Crum from two firms, Natural Lands Trust and Continental Conservation, as part of its goal to “create a protection, restoration, and steward- ship plan for Crum Woods.” The authors concluded that “basic stewardship tasks,” including trash removal and trail maintenance, have been neglected in the past. Just one afternoon of cleanup in April by a dozen students and faculty members yielded 12 tires, two smashed bikes, two smashed computers, and approximately 75 cubic feet of trash. To protect the woods’ boundaries and resources against further loss and degradation, the report contains recommendations for two new positions at the College: a full-time manager, who would coor- dinate all parties with an interest in the woods, and a faculty mem- ber who would oversee proposals for new uses. Other suggestions include the adoption of “a ‘no net loss’ policy on the total area of unfragmented forest” and the beginning of a number of processes to improve wildlife and stormwater management. “Some of the recommendations we agree with; some we don’t,” says CWSC chair and Henry C. and J. Archer Turner Professor of Engineering Arthur McGarity. “This report will stimulate some thought on what structure to put in place. It’s too soon to say how that will happen, but at the minimum, we have an evaluation that will guide future decisions.” After reviewing the study, the CWSC plans to make its own recommendations at the end of this semester. The woods, consisting of more than 200 acres of forest and 30

acres of swamps, marshes, and floodplains, contain the best TERRY WILD STUDIOS

examples of mature, native forest in Delaware County. “There are THE CRUM WOODS ARE BOTH AN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE FOR THE COLLEGE threats,” McGarity says. “It’s clear the woods will be threatened over time, if we don’t pay attention to them.” AND A NATURAL RESOURCE FOR THE COMMUNITY. THREATS TO THE WOODS —Alisa Giardinelli ARE BEING EVALUATED BY A COLLEGE STEWARDSHIP COMMITTEE.

AUF WIEDERSEHEN Born in Philadelphia, Avery Robert Walser, Avery was the THE COLLEGE COMMUNITY served in the military in Ger- recipient of several prestigious MOURNS the March 5 death of many, followed by postwar relief scholarships. Professor Emeritus of German work in Finland and Greece. Following the motto Mens George Avery, 77.A faculty mem- Later, he obtained bachelor’s, sana in corpore sano, Avery was a ber since 1959, he was chair of master’s,and doctoral degrees at frequent visitor to the Mullan the Department of Modern Lan- the University of Pennsylvania. Tennis Center. Retired baseball guages and Literatures from An expert on Viennese satirical coach Ernie Prudente, who was 1975 to 1980, retiring in 1994. writer Karl Kraus and his often Avery’s partner in tennis “George had a deep love for milieu, Avery produced an abun- matches, said: “Since his retire- German literature and culture, dance of scholarly writing, ment, George was always at the and he responded to it not only including a 2003 publication athletics facilities working out, COURTESY OF THE AVERY FAMILY as the meticulous and erudite GEORGE AVERY that examines the correspon- playing tennis, and kibitzing scholar that he was but also as a dents to develop their own pow- dence between Kraus and writer with the rest of us. George was passionately engaged reader. erful responses to the literature and publisher Herwarth someone who loved the College This fundamental connection he loved,” said his colleague Walden. Internationally recog- and who was liked by everyone was expressed in his teaching, Professor of German Marion nized for his pioneering work here who knew him.” inspiring so many of our stu- Faber. on the Swiss modernist author —Carol Brévart-Demm SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 8 Vanishing Voices WHEN VISITING ASSISTANT PROFESSOR of Lin- guistics K. David Harrison arrived last July at Mikhail Skobelin’s house in a remote vil- lage in Central Siberia, he found the elderly man hard of hearing. “I literally had to shout in his ear. I asked him in Russian if he could say some- thing in his native language. He said: ‘I am Mikhail Skobelin, I was born here in 1931, and I’ve lived here all my life.’” This was the first sentence that Harri- son heard in Chulym, a language he had GREGORY ANDERSON been searching for and whose existence ALEKSEIANDANNABUDEYEV,WITHWHOMDAVIDHARRISON (LEFT) VISITEDLASTYEAR,ARETWOOF had been only briefly mentioned and incor- THELASTSPEAKERSOFTHEMIDDLECHULYMLANGUAGE. rectly categorized in the literature of the linguistic scientific community. “because they are traditionally subsistence unknown linguistic structures. “Fortunately, my film crew had their hunter-gatherers and fishermen.” They also “For the grammar book,” he says, “I cameras rolling, so we caught it on tape. I have a rich oral tradition of religious beliefs, found one speaker in the community who have a big smile on my face—it was an stories, and songs. had devised his own homemade writing sys- exciting moment,” he says. Harrison found that only 35 members of tem, and I plan to use it, with minor modifi- The Chulym people are an indigenous the community of 426—and none under cations, to publish the first book ever in the community inhabiting six small, isolated the age of 52—could speak the language flu- language.” villages among a mostly Russian popula- ently, so it is now considered moribund. Locating and confirming the existence of tion. Their language, with its unique numer- “As the existing speakers grow older,” the language and possibly preventing its ic and grammatical systems, is unrelated to Harrison says, “they are not replaced in the disappearance, “was a great feeling,” Harri- Russian or other Slavic languages and has population. Therefore, it is almost certain son says, “sort of like the feeling I imagine a existed solely through oral tradition. “They the language will disappear”—and, with it, zoologist might have upon documenting a never had writing and had no written docu- the highly specialized knowledge of the new species.” mentation,” Harrison says. Chulym people. To learn more about Chulym, view a Of particular interest to linguists is the In an effort to document Chulym, slideshow, hear the language spoken, and language’s detailed system for classifying Harrison plans to construct a grammar of see a preview of Vanishing Voices, a film about plants, especially those with medicinal uses the language and a children’s storybook. Harrison’s work on Chulym in Siberia, visit that are local to the area, as well as a large He says that standard techniques (such http://www.swarthmore.edu/news/releas- vocabulary pertaining to fish, parts of fish, as those taught at Swarthmore in the lin- es/04/harrison.html. and fishing lures and traps. guistics course Field Methods) can be —Carol Brévart-Demm “This makes sense,” Harrison says, applied to help understand previously

ONE IN FOUR ACCEPTED valedictorians or salutatorians. taught in New York City. Two the Headlines, taught by Scott The College received 3,753 appli- Fifty percent are in the top 2 eight-week courses will be Gilbert, Howard A. Schneiderman cations for the Class of 2008 and percent of their high school class offered at the Cornell Club at 6 Professor of Biology; America at accepted roughly a quarter of and 91 percent in the top decile. East 44th Street: Homeric Models War, taught by James Kurth, those who applied. Of the 885 —Tom Krattenmaker of Heroism, taught by Gilbert Claude C. Smith Professor of students accepted, 142 were Rose, Susan W. Lippincott Profes- Political Science; and Shake- notified during the early-decision LIFELONG LEARNING sor Emeritus of Modern and Clas- speare taught by Craig William- period. Based on previous ad- PROGRAM EXPANDS sical Languages; and Science, son, Professor of English Litera- missions patterns, Dean of The College’s Lifelong Learning Objectivity, and Values, taught ture. For more information on Admissions Jim Bock ’90 expect- Program, which has offered non- by Hugh Lacey, Scheuer Family schedules, fees, and registration, ed to enroll a class of about 370 credit courses to alumni, par- Professor Emeritus of Philosophy. call (610) 328-8696, or visit in the fall. Of the admitted stu- ents, and friends in the Philadel- Three other courses will be www.swarthmore.edu/- dents from high schools that phia area, is expanding in the offered at the College: The New alumni/life_learning.html. report class rank, 27 percent are fall to include two courses to be Embryology: the Science Behind —Jeffrey Lott J U N E 2 0 0 4 9 G l a n c i n g F o r w a r d a n d B a c k

“REGRETTHATOURTIME the uniqueness of TOGETHERISOVER” the College as an A month before retiring, Don Swearer, the educational institu- Charles and Harriett Cox McDowell Profes- tion but to the rich sor of Religion, pondered the changes he’s and often lasting witnessed during more than 30 years on relationships that campus. He joined the College’s Department develop among stu- of Religion in September 1970. dents and between “One of the big changes at Swarthmore students and profes- since I arrived has been the development of sors. These relation- the Department of Religion,” he says. “Reli- ships often stand the gion became a department in 1968 with the test of time and last appointment of Patrick Henry, a Christian well beyond the church historian. Lin Urban, a philosopher Swarthmore years of religion, was the chair—having taught in and perhaps for a the Department of Philosophy. I was lifetime.”

appointed to teach the religions of Asia.” Students who ELEFTHERIOS KOSTANS The department now includes five studied Asian reli- DONSWEARER tenured or tenure-track faculty positions, gions with Swearer including one shared appointment. Swearer are now professors at Cornell, Oberlin, land (Princeton) and The Sacred Mountains of has taught courses and seminars including Bowdin, Bates, and other institutions or in Northern Thailand and Their Legends (Silk- The Buddhist Traditions of Asia, Religious graduate school. But others who have fol- work/University of Washington Press), were Belief and Moral Action, and Comparative lowed different paths also stay in touch—if released this spring. Religious Mysticism. not regularly, then on special occasions from “I’ll also remain actively engaged in the “Swarthmore’s faculty overall has grown holidays to the birth of a child. fields of religion and the environment and in numbers as established fields of study Reflecting on his impending retirement, religious pluralism in America,” he says. have changed and new fields have emerged; Swearer says: “What I’ll miss most are those furthermore, the faculty has become consid- memorable classes and seminars where—for HOWTHETREESHAVEGROWN erably more diverse in terms of gender and whatever reasons—everything seemed to ethnicity. This diversity is also seen in the click; virtually every student is interested, Judy Voet, James H. Hammons Professor of composition of the student body. The pres- engaged, and contributing; the class or sem- Chemistry, has taught at Swarthmore for 25 ence of a larger number of students from inar time never seems to be quite sufficient; years. abroad and the increased opportunity for and at the end of the semester, there’s near- “During that time, I’ve watched the students to study in countries throughout universal regret that our time together is weeping cherries near Beardsley grow to be the globe has also added to the cultural over. These classes and seminars are intel- beautiful, mature graceful trees while I’ve and educational richness of the campus,” lectually rewarding, to be sure, but they are gone from a young mother with a new Swearer says. much more. They touch all aspects of our career to a grandmother trying to juggle “Professors expect a lot of their students, being—affective and moral—as well.” ever-increasing professional and personal and, likewise, most students expect a lot of Swearer will not leave teaching complete- time commitments,” she says. their professors. It is this climate of mutual ly. He will begin a three-year visiting profes- “My students at one time could baby-sit high expectation that makes Swarthmore sorship of Buddhist studies at Harvard for my children. Now, the new assistant pro- such a special educational institution and Divinity School and will serve as director of fessors are my children’s age or younger. I gives the College its distinctive atmosphere the Center for the Study of World Religions. used to have to fight my students for of intellectual intensity,” he adds. Swearer plans to continue his research authority. Now, I wish they did not view me “The relatively small class size, honors and writing in Asian and comparative reli- as such an authority figure. But age aside, seminars, and Swarthmore’s inquisitive gions. Two of his books, Becoming the Bud- the students are still the same, ever inquisi- intellectual climate contribute not only to dha: The Ritual of Image Consecration in Thai- tive, intense, and with a love of learning SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 10 that I seldom see elsewhere.” nal, contributing to the development of a Voet has taught courses and seminars, biochemistry and molecular biology digital including Modern Instrumental Methods in library, and serving on professional commit- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biological tees and advisory boards. Chemistry, and Topics in Biochemistry, “In addition, I hope to have enough time respectively. She co-authored the best-sell- to play an important role in the upbringing ing Biochemistry (2nd ed., 1995), with hus- of my grandchildren,” she says. band Donald, an associate professor of chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania. JUBILADA

With Charolotte Pratt, they wrote Funda- JEFFREY LOTT mentals of Biochemistry (John Wiley & Sons, Amy Morrison, associate College librarian 1999). until the end of March, worked at Swarth- AMYMORRISON Voet’s research has included “determin- more for nearly 25 years. sity during her tenure. “They taught me to ing the rates at which benzenesulfonylfluo- During her time at the College, Morrison understand better my own children and to ride and phenylmethanesulfonylfluoride found the changes in the physical plan participate in a more meaningful way in inactivate wild type and mutant acetyl- “most exciting.” She says that the elimina- their adult lives.” cholinesterases from several sources” and tion of the road dissecting the campus “cre- She thinks that, in comparison with using “computer modeling techniques in ated a more cohesive community.” Morrison other colleges and universities, Swarthmore order to understand how differences in also witnessed the 1980s construction of students, faculty, and staff “develop a lasting enzyme structure can account for these dif- Cornell Science Library and McCabe Library sense of connection to the community and a ferences in reactivity.” renovations during the last few years as well strong commitment to worthwhile ideals.” At the end of the spring semester, Voet as the building of Mertz, the Lang Perform- As Morrison explained at her retirement will go on permanent sabbatical leave. “I ing Arts Center, Kohlberg, the rebirth of party, she dislikes the word “retired.” will no longer teach, but I will maintain an Trotter, and the new science center. “It sounds so out to pasture-ish—so put office and continue with all of my other pro- “I took a leadership role in the automa- ‘on the shelf,’” she says. “The Spanish say it fessional responsibilities, including writing tion of the library’s card catalog and in the so much better—jubilada—like joy, jubila- biochemistry textbooks, editing a biochem- development of the tricollege library consor- tion,” which has a more uplifting ring. “I am istry and molecular biology education jour- tium of Bryn Mawr, Haverford, and Swarth- worried that when I am retired, people may more,” she says. “I also reorganized the expect me to act my age. I have no intention Technical Services Department in McCabe of doing that. I expect to be very active in Library from a function-based organization this Indian summer of my life. I believe in to one based on format. In that process, I life changes and renewal. I am looking for- was gratified to enable staff in that depart- ward to my ‘Third Age,’ as the French call ment to enhance their responsibilities and it, as something challenging, exciting, and to make their jobs more interesting and unknown—an adventure.” rewarding. I consider my legacy and my Morrison intends to “reinvent” herself, greatest pleasure the development of the “to become who I am and to do what I really artists’ book collection in Special Collec- want to do—whatever that may be. I want tions in McCabe.” to explore the book arts—from the other Morrison already misses working with side—and to try my own hand at letterpress “intelligent, talented, wonderful people— printing and maybe even book making. whose values I both respect and share.” There will now be time to read, to listen to Although she still returns to campus for music, to work out, to garden, to go canoe- Pilates classes and other events, Morrison ing, to take classes, and to travel—or rather regrets not seeing the campus on a daily to spend long enough in other places and basis. “To allay that loss and to pay back my countries to make a genuine connection debt to the pleasure the arboretum has given with the people there.” me every day, I have signed on as a Scott She and her husband are considering a Arboretum volunteer and look forward to volunteer opportunity at a state park in making new friends and to learning some- Hawaii next winter and another one at a thing about horticulture,” she says—ever reading center in a villa near Bologna, Italy. mindful of Cicero’s maxim, “If you have a “Those who are already retired know garden and a library, you have everything how busy and rich that life can be—and you need.” those who are not yet there, well, what can I JIM GRAHAM “I will miss the students,” Morrison say? Eat your heart out.” JUDYVOET adds, noting the welcome increase in diver- —Andrea Hammer J U N E 2 0 0 4 11 T e n n i s a n d G o l f : Strong Seasons

Baseball (5–20, 4–14) Jared Leiderman ’05 goal list with 103. DeSimone ranks eighth earned all-conference honorable mention on the career scoring list with 139 points. for leading the Garnet pitching staff. In 13 Junior midfielder Tim Chryssikos also added appearances, Leiderman recorded a 4–6 four goals and two assists and led the team record with four complete games. The work- in scoring with 25 goals and 24 assists for horse right-hander finished fifth in the 49 points. Chryssikos finished ninth in the league with 50 strikeouts in 57.1 innings. CC in scoring and sixth in assists, earning Catcher Cliff Sosin ’04 led the team with a all-conference honorable mention. .277 batting average and Ryan Pannorfi ’04 Women’s lacrosse (8–8, 2–7) Jackie placed second, hitting .266, collecting the Kahn ’04 led the offensive attack, scoring a Garnet’s most hits (21) and triples (4). Matt team-best 54 goals and 10 assists for 64 Goldstein ’04 posted a .517 slugging per- points. The midfielder finished second in CARL WOLF STUDIOS centage; almost half of his 15 hits went for the CC in goals and eighth in points per ANJANI REDDY ’04 CLOSED OUT HER SWARTHMORE extra bases with two doubles, two triples, game, earning all–CC first-team honors. TENNIS CAREER WITH A STUNNING 50–0 RECORD and a team best three home runs, including Kahn finished her career with 146 goals, 27 IN SINGLES MATCHES. SHE WAS CENTENNIAL CON- two blasts in a 4–1 victory over Haverford. assists, and 173 points, ranking seventh on FERENCEPLAYEROFTHEYEARFORFOURSEASONS. Golf (13–6, fifth at Centennial Confer- Swarthmore’s career goals and points lists. ence [CC] Championship) Swarthmore’s Cara Tigue ’06,the team’s top defender, enth on the CC list. The team’s 10 wins were golf team had one of its most successful sea- earned all-conference honorable mention. the most since the 1998 season. sons in recent memory. The squad equaled Jenn Hart ’04 closed her career in net with Men’s tennis (9–8) The Garnet ranked its best finish at the CC Championships, 569 saves to finish third on the career list. 19th in Division III and advanced to the placing fifth with a school-best three-day Softball (10–22, 3–13) Centerfielder NCAA Tournament for the 28th time in 29 total of 957.The score beat Swarth- Mary Mintel ’05 posted a team-high years. In the first round of the tournament, more’s previous best three-day .281 batting average and .371 slugging the Garnet rallied from a 3–2 deficit to total by 76 strokes. percentage, hitting the Garnet’s defeat Washington College 4–3. Jon Reiss On the lone home run in a 3–2 vic- ’07 and Justin Durand ’05 pulled out victo- open- tory over Washington Col- ries to advance Swarthmore. In round two, ing day of the lege. Fellow outfielder the team fell to the No. 8 ranked host, Mary CC Championships, the Samantha Brody ’05 led Washington, 4–2. The men took an early Garnet fired its the team in hits (27), runs lead, winning the doubles point, and Zac best single round in school history, card- (17), at bats (97), and Rodd ’06 picked up the other point at first ing a 308. Ed Goldstein ’07 shot a career- stolen bases (9); and singles. Rodd and the doubles team of Mike best 73 on the par 72 Eagles Landing course infielder Danielle Miller Noreika ’04 and Frank Visciano ’04 were to pace the Garnet, Zach Moody ’07 and ’06 led the squad with selected to play in the NCAA Division III Matt Draper ’05 posted 78s, and Mike Culli- 19 runs batted in and Individual Championships. nan ’06 added a 79. Draper finished in 11th was second in runs Women’s tennis (15–3, 9–1) Anjani place with 238; Goldstein carded 242 for a scored (16), tying Reddy ’04 became the first woman in CC 14th-place finish. with Mintel. Catcher history to earn four Player of the Year Men’s lacrosse (6–9, 3–5) Despite its Christina Procacci ’06 Awards, as she won her third CC singles 6–9 record, the men’s lacrosse team closed drew the most walks in title. Reddy finished her CC career with a out the season on a high note with a 15–4 the CC (23), posting a 50–0 mark in singles play. The Garnet was thrashing of Haverford. In that game, senior .439 on-base percent- ranked No. 16 in Division III and made the

attacker Joe DeSimone scored four goals, MARK DUZENSKI age. Pitcher Marianne NCAA Division III Tournament for the sec- collected his 100th career goal, and moved Klingaman ’07 led the ond consecutive season. Swarthmore dis- into fourth place on the Garnet’s all-time team with six wins, a patched Salisbury, 7–1 in the first round of 3.10 earned run average, the tourney but fell to the No. 2 team in the ED GOLDSTEIN ‘07 SHOT A 1-OVER-PAR 73 and finished ninth in the country, Washington & Lee, 7–2 in round TOLEADAFTERTHEFIRSTROUNDOFTHE CC with 51 strikeouts. two. Reddy qualified for the NCAA Individ- CENTENNIALCONFERENCEGOLFCHAMPI- Emily Remus ’06 ual Tournament for the third time. She also ONSHIPSINAPRIL. fanned 57 to place sev- teamed with Sonya Reynolds ’07 to earn all- SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 12 conference honors in doubles. Just Tops Men’s track and field (eighth at CC Championship) Matt Williams ’04 won a WHEN SOCCER ENTHUSIAST RYAN KUKER ’06 silver medal in the 110 hurdles in a time of heard a disabled child bemoan his exclu- 15:48 and placed fourth in the 400 hurdles sion from participation in a recreational in 57.54 to pace the Garnet to an eighth- sports league, he decided to take action. He place finish at the 2004 CC Champi- was directed to The Outreach Program for onships, hosted by Swarthmore. The 4x800 Soccer (TOPSoccer), a branch of the United relay team of Dillon McGrew ’07,Duncan States Youth Soccer Association that, Gromko ’07,Keefe Keeley ’06,and Vernon according to the program’s mission state- Chaplin ’07 finished third in 7:51.28 to win ment, allows disabled children “to play soc- a bronze medal. Garrett Ash ’05 ran fourth cer and have fun in a supportive, caring TIM BREVART in the 10,000 with a time of 32:18.26. coaching environment.” HEAD TOPSOCCER COACH RYAN KUKER SAYS: Women’s track and field (eighth at CC After coaching with the TOPSoccer Pro- “SWARTHMORE TOPSOCCER PROVIDES ATHLETES Championship) Njideka Akunyili ’04 won gram in New Jersey last summer, Kuker AN OPPORTUNITY TO LEARN A GREAT GAME AND gold and bronze medals in front of a home teamed up with fellow student Rhiannon HAVE FUN WHILE BUILDING IMPORTANT CHAR- crowd at the 2004 CC Championship to Graybill ’06 and, with support and guid- ACTERTRAITSSUCHASSELF-CONFIDENCEAND pace the Garnet to an eighth-place finish. ance from the Lang Center for Civic and TEAMWORK.” Akunyili teamed up with Sarah Hobbs ’06, Social Responsibility, the Athletics Depart- Emily Wistar ’06,and Lauren Fety ’06 for ment, and the Ridley United Soccer Club, Initially motivated by Kuker’s persuasive an exciting victory in the 4x800 relay, cross- started an 8-week program in early March. description of the program, Graybill says: ing the finish line in 9:31.37.She earned a Currently working with 40 student volun- “TOPSoccer didn’t become real for me until bronze medal in the 800, finishing in teer coaches and 31 athletes, ages 8 to 13, the first session, when I saw all the kids 2:19.30. Jen Stevenson ’06 won a silver Kuker says, “My vision for Swarthmore running around with giant smiles on their medal in the long jump with a leap of 16 TOPSoccer is that it becomes a self-sustain- faces. Then, I understood what the program feet 5.25 inches. ing program, which expands in both athlete was really about.” —Mark Duzenski and volunteer participation.” —Carol Brévart-Demm

Sticking to the facts

DID YOU KNOW: • In 1993—for the first ment agencies seeking race and Shores. She puts her work at • In these technological and time—more women were ethnicity data didn’t provide for every College employee’s finger- culturally trendy times, English enrolled in the College than those who identified themselves tips through the annual Fact literature remains a top choice men, a phenomenon that has as belonging to more than one Book and its on-line version at of majors for Swarthmore stu- continued ever since? category, without one being pre- www.swarthmore.edu/Admin/in dents? Sifting through statistics dominant, or for those who stitutional_research/fact- • In 2003, the College’s first from the College’s Institutional chose no race category. So book2.html. Since the office was dance major graduated? Research Office can produce those who checked more than established in 1999, much of some fun facts, but interpreting one box, or none, might have Shores’ time has been spent sat- these data is not a spectator been lumped in with white. isfying the requirements of gov- sport. Take this topical tidbit, Now, the option, “unknown ernment agencies and educa- plucked at random from enroll- race,” is being chosen by tional consortia and responding ment statistics tracked for the increasing numbers of students. to frequent requests from pub- last couple of decades: Enroll- However, the new category lishers of college guide books. ment of students from all races creates what one might call the But she relishes her other role: and ethnic categories has risen Ralph Nader effect: How many conducting research for in-house except for non-Hispanic whites. of those “unknowns” would use. Administrators and faculty Although a trend might be have described themselves as members clamor for her con- discernible, says Institutional “African American” or “Asian” stant snapshots of College life. Research Director Robin Hunt- or “white” in the past? And “It’s to see if our thoughts ington Shores, individual num- what implication does that have and ideas about ourselves are bers regarding race and ethnici- for prior statistics? accurate before we go about

JIM GRAHAM ty aren’t always reliable. Informed, scientific interpre- making changes,” Shores says. ROBINSHORES In years past, state govern- tation is serious business to —Colleen Gallagher J U N E 2 0 0 4 13 Parrish Reborn

ASPARRISHHALLGETSSETFORRENEWAL, MOREOFITSHISTORYCOMESTOLIGHT. c. 1870 By Jeffrey Lott

or 135 years, Parrish Hall has stood watch atop its hill, while one of the nation’s great colleges grew around it. Now, it is Fabout to undergo a $13.6 million renovation, which will add modern safety systems and remake the building’s central core into inviting spaces suited for its next century as Swarthmore’s symbolic center.

Opened in 1869 as Swarthmore welcomed its first students, the FRIENDS HISTORICAL LIBRARY “College,” as it was called then, housed the entire institution—all of its classrooms, labs, student rooms, dining room, and common spaces. After a September 1881 fire gutted the building’s interior, it was rebuilt with even greater energy and optimism than had sur- rounded the founding of the College in 1864. The Phoenix, founded The mixed-use nature of Parrish will be maintained. First-floor in 1881, was named to symbolize Swarthmore’s rebirth from the administrative offices will be primarily those that provide student ashes. services, such as the Dean’s Office, Financial Aid, Registrar, and That was more than 120 years ago, and although Parrish Hall Career Services. A new central stairway (see page 16) will welcome has been gradually modernized over the last century, it has, like visitors to the Admissions Office and will also lead to administra- Swarthmore, held onto its Quaker heritage. Yet, in a building con- tive offices on the east and west wings of the second floor. The third structed before the introduction of electric lights—not to mention and fourth floors will remain student residence halls, with 112 beds fiber optic networks—modernity is a relative term. A major goal of instead of the current 162. The Meaning of Swarthmore, the College’s current $230 million The project is being funded by contributions to The Meaning of comprehensive campaign, is to bring Parrish into the 21st century. Swarthmore, the College’s $230 million capital campaign. A pledge The exterior of the building will not be changed, and interior of $10 million by Jerome Kohlberg ’46 provided leadership for the redesign will respect the character of the 19th-century structure. Parrish renovations. This is not a “historic preservation” project says Larry Schall ’75, vice president for administration. This would imply an exacting restoration of original building details. Instead, Schall says, “The project is more properly termed an ‘adaptive reuse.’ Parrish has 1881 never been restored—it has always evolved.” The project architect is Ayers/Saint/Gross of Baltimore, a firm specializing in buildings for colleges and universities. “The renova- tion of Parrish is not proposed as a re-gilding of the past, but rather a step forward,” the architects wrote in a planning document. “The final product should be a building that appears unchanged on the exterior with a well-planned interior that appropriately expresses the building’s Quaker history.” The work begun in early June will concentrate first on life-safety

systems within the building. A fire sprinkler system will be installed FRIENDS HISTORICAL LIBRARY throughout the five-story structure, and exit stairways will be recon- figured to terminate outside the building. The central core of the building will be functionally reconfigured When it opened in 1869, the “College Building” and modernized. Elevators will be installed; a new stairway will lead visitors to the Admissions Office on the second floor; a new post housed all of the functions of the new school. It was office and student lounge will be created in the former Admissions gutted by fire in 1881 but rebuilt within months. Office space, and central air-conditioning will be installed in reno- vated offices and common spaces in the central section of the build- ing. SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 14 The total cost of rebuilding Parrish Hall after the 1881 fire was $225,293.74. Renovations begun recently will cost an estimated $13.6 m i l l i o n .

ASURPRISINGDISCOVERY ast summer, the Parrish project triggered a surprising discovery Lin a basement storage vault. In anticipation of the renovations, Suzanne Welsh, vice president for finance and treasurer, and two staff members ventured deep into Parrish’s basement rooms, through This box, which contained a complete two locked doors, to assess decades of financial records stored there. financial record of the rebuilding of Parrish Hall after Lori Johnson, assistant treasurer, says they never go there alone: “If fire destroyed the building in 1881, was found last the door locked behind you, you might never be found.” High above year in the building’s basement. a block of filing cabinets, they spotted a metal box stuffed between the joists of the floor above. Lettered on its side were the words: “BILLS,VOUCHERS &c Re-Building Committee SWARTHMORE COLLEGE After the Fire, 9th Mo.25th.1881.” Treasury Operations Assistant Carmen Duffy (“She’s the tallest,” Welsh says) stood on a chair to wiggle the box out from between the boards. Inside the dusty box, which weighed about 10 pounds, were records kept by Edward Ogden, chairman of the building committee of the Board of Managers—the complete financial record of the re- building, including catalogs, business cards, correspondence, esti- mates, contracts, invoices, ledgers, payroll records, and check stubs. As the persons who write the checks today, Welsh and her staff were particularly interested in the final audited report of the committee, showing that rebuilding costs had totaled $225,293.74. To the penny. “That’s less than the cost of one elevator installed today,” Welsh says.

During fall 2003, students in Visiting Lecturer Thomas Morton’s (left) course The Architect and History examined the documents found last summer. Morton used campus buildings and Philadelphia architecture to introduce students to the study of architecture. PHOTOGRAPHS BY JIM GRAHAM J U N E 2 0 0 4 15 Two new elevators will make seven stops at all of the building’s floors Parrish 2005 and half-floors. Exit stairways will his rendering shows, in cutaway view, the major elements of the be brought into compliance with Trenovation of Parrish Hall, which began earlier this month. modern fire codes. A new 75-bed residence hall, nearing completion at the foot of the campus, will house most of the students displaced by the construction and reconfiguration of Parrish. When the project is complete, the number of student beds in Parrish will be reduced from 162 to 112. The Parrish renovations, which include a fire sprinkler system for the entire building, will be completed by September 2005.

Parrish Parlors will continue as a popular place for meeting, studying, and socializing. They will retain their 19th-century ambience, but with modern lighting and Internet connections. SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN Drawing by Alex Forbes 16 The Admissions Office will The College Post Office will be moved to relocate to the second floor, the space currently occupied by the using a renovated Parrish Admissions Office. It will provide 1,400 Commons as a reception and individual mailboxes and a student lounge meeting area for groups of with computer hookups. prospective students.

Parrish Hall’s reconfigured first floor will be dedicated to student services and activities, A broad staircase will welcome visi- including the Dean’s Office, Registrar, Financial tors and take them up to the Aid, Career Services, and the credit union. Admissions Office, which will be relo- J U N E 2 0 0 4 cated to the second floor. 17 SUZANNE GAADT

By Peter Cohan ’79 alumni data showed that although 41 per- with its emphasis on using one’s education cent of the College’s alumni are employed by to create a better world often leads gradu- hat does the typical Swarth- nonprofit organizations—largely in educa- ates into academic and social service profes- more graduate do? The accept- tion, research, social service, and govern- sions. Yet that same education also seems to Wed wisdom about Swarthmore ment—an almost equal proportion work in have prepared—almost by accident—nearly is that its alumni are professors, teachers, for-profit businesses or are self-employed. half of the alumni for work in business. The doctors, lawyers, government workers, jour- It comes as no surprise—and no acci- College has no business major and only a nalists—or crusaders. dent—that many Swarthmoreans find work handful of courses that touch on the practi- The statistics, however, don’t bear out in the nonprofit world. Swarthmore’s com- cal skills needed in a business career, but this view. A recent analysis of Swarthmore’s bination of a broad liberal arts curriculum alumni in the for-profit world largely agree SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 18 A Profitable Education

acquired Fiduciary Trust six months before MANYSWARTHMOREANS the disaster. According to Wyatt, “I met with each CHOOSECAREERS member of the management committee as well as the HR team and acknowledged the INBUSINESS. sensitivities and sense of loss. I said, ‘I am here to do a particular job. This is what the BUTISTHECOLLEGE job looks like, and it is a different job from the one my predecessor had to do.’” PREPARINGTHEM As testament to Wyatt’s skill, a long- standing senior leader told her as she FORITSCHALLENGES? changed jobs at Fiduciary earlier this year, “You were essential to putting this place back together.” Wyatt says that the intellectual training and experiences she gained at Swarthmore prepared her for the challenges she faced at Fiduciary Trust. Yet she sometimes feels a nagging sense that her choice of a business career was not wholly respected by her Swarthmore peers. Wyatt thinks that Swarthmore needs to define business in a different way: “Business could be a respectable academic discipline if it was called organizational dynamics. It might be an interdisciplinary major of economics, political science, and history.” Wyatt’s feelings about Swarthmore and business were shared by many of the alumni interviewed for this article, who were asked to construct a hierarchy of career options encouraged by the College. The resulting list is not surprising: academia, followed by medicine, law, government, social service, journalism, and—last—business. Adrian Merryman ’80, a former invest- that Swarthmore did prepare them for the Wyatt, a music major at Swarthmore who ment banker who lived in England for many leadership challenges of business and entre- says she honed her organizational skills as a years, thinks that, along with its Oxford- preneurship. They also wonder whether it pit orchestra conductor for a musical pro- style Honors Program, Swarthmore may could do more. duction, found Fiduciary Trust laden with also have adopted what we observed to be Joy Hulse Wyatt ’80 began a new job as emotion at every level. She struggled with the historic British attitude toward wealth: senior vice president and director of human how best to handle the situation and, dur- that creating it is distasteful but inheriting resources (HR) for Fiduciary Trust just three ing a period of roughly two years, she and it enables the upper classes to pursue more months after the firm had lost 87 employees her HR team helped to rebuild the firm’s dignified callings. Merryman explains: in the Sept. 11 attack on the World Trade organization and successfully integrated it “Although the British initiated the industri- Center. with Franklin Resources, which had al revolution, they developed a negative atti- J U N E 2 0 0 4 19 JOY HULSE WYATT SAYS SWARTHMORE GAVE HER tude toward those professions that resulted THEINTELLECTUALTOOLSTOBESUCCESSFULIN in the creation of wealth. Generations sub- THEBUSINESSWORLDBUTHASANAGGINGSENSE sequent to that which created the wealth have preferred to focus on social position THAT HER CAREER CHOICE WAS WAS NOT ALWAYS and cultural sophistication.” He says, how- RESPECTEDBYHERSWARTHMOREPEERS. ever, that the British attitude is changing: “Even Oxford and Cambridge, which until tion is an excellent preparation for a busi- the last two decades limited their associa- ness career. The ability to deconstruct prob- tion with the business community, both lems and articulate effective solutions trans- now have graduate business schools.” lates well in the boardroom.” He praised Robinson Hollister Jr., Joseph Wharton efforts such as the annual Lax Conference Professor of Economics, suspects Swarth- on Entrepreneurship (see page 22), the more’s attitude toward business comes from revival of a student Swarthmore Business its Quaker roots. “In the 19th and early Association, and the support of the Career 20th centuries,“ he says, “Quakers were big Services Office for students and alumni businessmen, including Wharton, co- exploring business careers. But he lamented founder of Bethlehem Steel and a Swarth- that although “the top graduate schools are more donor. Their social consciousness aware of Swarthmore’s reputation, human

didn’t stop them from making a profit.” DIANE BONDAREFF/FIDUCIARY TRUST resources personnel at larger corporations But Hollister says: “In the 1930s, there are often not.” came to be less of an emphasis among warm bodies to process the deals. Suddenly Quakers on business and more on public Wall Street became a desirable place to go. erhaps they should be. According service. This may have been a reaction to the Students highly rated in terms of academic to Associate Professor of Econom- Great Depression. This shift coincided with performance were going to investment Pics Philip Jefferson, “Swarthmore’s the rise of the Honors Program, introduced banking. It was the money. It became the purpose is to help students process new by President Frank Aydelotte, who used the socially cool thing to do,” Hollister says. ideas. There is a natural realization that highly intellectual Oxford model.” Still, recent graduates who have gone ideas are useful in a variety of situations, Barry Schwartz, Dorwin P. Cartwright into business suggest that the campus atti- and there’s no reason to exclude business. If Professor of Social Theory and Social tude toward business remains cool. Gaurav a student says, ‘I’m interested in business,’ I In the view of one professor of economics, profit is the reward you get for solving problems that matter to society. Action, who has been on the faculty since Seth ’98,a vice president at investment don’t try to dissuade him or her. What are 1971, says this bias can still be found among banking giant Goldman Sachs, says, “People the problems in business? How will they some members of Swarthmore’s faculty. “I ask me why I would go into business. The solve them? If they develop solutions to think the common attitude here is that busi- Swarthmore mentality is saving the world, these problems, there is no moral issue in ness is what you do if you’re not intellectu- working for the greater good. Swarthmore making money.” In his view, profit is the ally serious. It said, ‘You don’t need to be believes that business is wasting the intel- reward you get for solving problems that smart to go into business, so why are we lect. ‘What is the point of making money?’ matter to society. wasting our time teaching you?’ Even the they ask. While this may be a worthy mind- Jefferson thinks that a Swarthmore edu- economists were disappointed if a student set, the reality is that some of us have to cation, with its emphasis on independent went into business,” Schwartz says. care about economics and do want to live thinking and risk taking, may be better But Hollister thinks that Swarthmore comfortably.” preparation for an entrepreneurial career became more of a springboard to business Randy Goldstein ’05 echoed Seth’s view than for a position in a Fortune 100 firm. during the 1980s boom in investment bank- in his April 8 Phoenix column. “Among the “This kind of education helps students ing. “In the late ’80s, investment banking student body and in certain classrooms,“ he understand different real-world situations firms were paying an incredible amount of wrote, “business careers are stigmatized. and to see opportunity in different forms,” money. In a major merger transaction, the They are looked down upon as anti-intellec- he says. “Students at Swarthmore are entre- bankers’ 0.5 percent commission was so tual and contrary to Swarthmore values.” preneurs without knowing it. They start a small proportionately that no one would In his column, Goldstein, who aspires to club; they protest a policy; they ask the fac- notice. The firms doing deals could afford earn an M.B.A. or a graduate degree in eco- ulty to make a change in the curriculum. the fee, and the investment banks needed nomics, affirmed that a “liberal arts educa- These are all entrepreneurial activities. They SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 20 are seeing a need and filling a void.” and the value that Goldman Sachs places on Fred Kyle ’54, a member of the Board of community service. According to Seth, Managers, echoes Jefferson’s view: “When “Goldman has an initiative called Commu- we were seniors, my wife and I ran the snack nity Teamworks, which encourages every bar in Commons. It was our risk and our employee to take a day off from the job for business. We had 20 to 25 employees and it community service. In the past, I worked in provided a real-life business education.” the inner city at Patterson, N.J. We built a Kyle, who went on to run the commercial play area.” operations of pharmaceutical giant Smith- Merryman and his wife, Jennifer, were Kline Beecham (now GlaxoSmithKline), disturbed by the fact that half the world’s believes his experience running the Swarth- population lives on less than $2 per day and more snack bar proved valuable to his early 20 percent on less than $1 per day. They saw business career. “I think our experience at microlending as an approach that effectively Swarthmore running our own business was, transforms the lives of the disenfranchised

in some ways, equivalent to business ʼ 97 at the economic, social, and spiritual levels; school.” Entrepreneurial students still have as a result, they have become committed to such opportunities, running the Paces café its more extensive and effective implementa- and other services for students. tion.

Swarthmore’s emphasis on smart stu- MEGHAN KRIEGEL “It is amazing,” says Merryman, “that as dents working in teams also helps prepare little as $200 provided in the form of a loan alumni for business. Seth noted, “Being at FOLLOWINGASUCCESSFULCAREERININVESTMENT can actually transform the life of a family in Goldman Sachs is like being at Swarthmore. BANKING,ADRIANMERRYMANANDHISWIFE, despair by catalyzing a business that pro- It can be intimidating because everyone JENNIFER, HAVE TURNED THEIR ATTENTION TO vides food and education for the children. here is highly motivated and generally very MICROLENDING AS A WAY OF LIFTING PEOPLE IN And when you get the loan repaid (roughly smart. They were at the top of their class. It DEVELOPING COUNTRIES OUT OF POVERTY. 98 percent payback rate on uncollateralized can be humbling.” lending to the world’s poorest), you can lend Seth emphasizes the importance of a different focus on the act of learning rela- it to the next family where the cycle begins teamwork at Goldman: “A sure way to be tive to other colleges. Swarthmore’s semi- again. Opportunity International, the Chris- unsuccessful at Goldman is to promote nars encourage students to work together to tian faith-based global leader in microfi- yourself at the expense of the team. Gold- solve problems. I enjoy the sheer pursuit of nance, has set a goal reaching 10 percent of man does a great job of promoting the right trying to solve complex problems in a team the world’s poorest over the next 20 years values: ‘not just for yourself—the team environment. You keep asking questions. with this transformational approach. That’s approach.’” This prepares you well for Goldman.” something worth getting behind.” And Seth says that Swarthmore prepared Bridgeway Capital Management offers him well to work in teams: “Swarthmore has n addition to the intellectual and another thought-provoking approach to experiential tools for success, Swarth- implementing social values through busi- Imore alumni also take with them a set ness policies. Founded and managed by of fundamental values that not only influ- John Montgomery ’77,Bridgeway operates ence their choice of jobs but inform the way according to very specific principles. “We they conduct their business. give half of our profits to nonprofit organi- Kyle says, “After graduation and service zations that focus on areas such as human in the Army, I wanted to work for a company rights and education,“ says Montgomery. that made a tangible contribution to society. “There are no job titles at Bridgeway and a My first employer, Richardson-Vicks, was an minimum of organizational hierarchy. And ethical and over-the-counter pharmaceutical the top-compensated person here can earn company that fit my criteria.” no more than seven times the lowest com- Seth also sees harmony between Swarth- pensated individual.” more’s emphasis on giving back to society Bridgeway’s financial success has attract- ed several suitors interested in acquiring the JOHN MONTGOMERY’S BRIDGEWAY CAPITAL MAN- company. But so far, Montgomery’s discus- AGEMENTGIVESHALFOFITSPROFITSTONON- sions with potential buyers have stumbled when discussion turned to maintaining PROFITS THAT FOCUS ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND EDU- Bridgeway’s policy of giving half its profits CATION. AT BRIDGEWAY, THE TOP PAY CAN BE NO to charity. “I would guess that I receive MORE THAN SEVEN TIMES THAT OF THE LOWEST- expressions of interest 10 times a year,” PAID EMPLOYEE. Montgomery says. “But when I tell them J U N E 2 0 0 4 COURTESY OF BRIDGEWAY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 21 self-interest for the greater good” to both own and implement the strategy. Speaking directly to the students in attendance, Larrimore said: “I contend that Swarthmore students are well equipped to be tomor- “Y o u c a n row’s leaders. You’ve learned to be tolerant and to respect others’ views. You can become passionate about something and inspire t a k e t h e others to action. You’ve witnessed the value of individual attention and the free exchange of ideas. You’ve learned to relate with senior professors and students from assorted backgrounds with diverse C r u m t o t h e ideas. You’ve learned that power is derived from the soundness of your ideas and the way you relate to others, not from physical board room.” strength or intimidation.” He urged the students to “be true to yourself … don’t ever lose the principles you now cherish.” Speaking of his own experience, he n his keynote address on March 21 said that his education at Swarthmore and later at the Harvard Busi- at the College’s annual Lax Confer- ness School had given him the confidence to take risks, knowing Ience on Entrepreneurship, Randall that “I could always find another job…. This allowed me to express Larrimore ’69 told more than 100 stu- my point of view and make those tough decisions that weren’t con- dents and alumni that today’s most suc- ventional thinking. It allowed me to argue with people and stand up cessful businesses—and business lead- for what I believed.” ers—embody the values important to “Those of you who go into business,” he concluded, “will find Swarthmore students. Despite recent cor- many ways to make a difference, particularly as you move into high- porate scandals that tarnished the image er levels of responsibility. You can make sure that your company is of business, he asserted that “the values ethical. You can strive to make the products you sell perform as we Swarthmoreans hold so dear are the promised. You can help to make the work environment safe. You can same values that can make you success- insist that people treat other people with dignity and respect. You “THOSEOFYOUWHOGO ful in the business world.” can push for diversity and equal opportunity. You can help your INTOBUSINESSWILLFIND Larrimore, who closed his business employees balance their work and personal lives. And you can create career as president and CEO of United an environment where employees can contribute with their minds as MANY WAYS TO MAKE A Stationers, a company with about $4 bil- well as with their hands, where they can experience personal and DIFFERENCE,”SAIDRAN- lion in sales and more than 6,000 professional growth. DALL LARRIMORE AT THIS employees, said that “the stories of Other participants at this year’s conference included Margaret YEAR’SLAXCONFERENCE Enron, WorldCom, Tyco, Health South, Helfand ’69, architect and founder of Helfand Architecture; Margaret ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP. and others would lead one to believe Thomas Redmon ’79, president of Honey Locust Valley Farms; Dick that all companies have scoundrels at the Senn ’56, a real estate developer; Roger Holstein ’74, president and top and only make money by cheating.” He cited studies showing CEO of WebMD; Arthur Obermayer ’52, president of Moleculon that “companies that are successful over the long term have an Research Corp.; Stephen Schwartz ’84, president and COO of Lion ingrained belief in playing by the rules and have strong positive cul- Apparel; Susan Levine ’78, managing partner at Quince Hill Partners; tures grounded in deeply held values and a sound vision.” and Adrian Merryman ’80, former CEO of London-based Screen PLC. Larrimore said that “capitalism is based on profits, and any time —Jeffrey Lott higher profits can be aligned with doing the right thing, we have a win–win for the company and for society.” “At Swarthmore,” he said, “we learn to value people for who they ABOUTTHELAXCONFERENCE are and how they think, not by what they look like or what their The 2004 Lax Conference on Entrepreneurship included roundtable backgrounds are. We value independent thinking. We learn to be discussions on topics ranging from finding venture capital to nurturing empathetic. We learn to care for people. I contend that successful the “entrepreneurial personality,” panel discussions on “Internet business leaders do the same.” Prophets Talk Net Profits” and “Working Green: Business and Environ- In his business career, Larrimore said he learned that success mental Responsibility,” and a closing session on “Business Without Bor- comes from a formula that combines strategy and execution, with ders.” The conference, now in its sixth year, is supported by a bequest the emphasis on the latter. “While a great strategy is terrific,” he from the late Jonathan Lax ’71, a business executive, noted social said, “It’s the execution that makes something happen.” Good execu- activist, and founder of the Philadelphia-based market research and tion depends on employees understanding the company’s goals and consulting company The Marketing Audit. For more information on this having “organization ownership” of them—something that becomes year’s conference—including a list of all current and past speakers and possible when “business leaders care about their people and realize panelists—go to www.swarthmore.edu/lax. The full text of Randall that they are more than just a machine; they are a critical asset of Larrimore’s keynote address is posted with this article at the Bulletin the company.” It is vital, he said, for “individuals to surrender their Web site, at www.swarthmore.edu/bulletin/june04/business.php. SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 22 “We teach our students how to learn what they need at any specific time, not a set of skills that go out of date.”

that my goal is to give away $100 million a ryman. “Business is one of the primary year when I retire, this squashes the discus- levers for creating change in today’s world, sion.” and the contributions made can have a profoundly positive impact. Furthermore, warthmore alumni who have had even those students who don’t enter the success in business support many business world need many of the underly- Scauses and organizations— ing skills to succeed in today’s more com- including the College itself. The business petitive academic, medical, and legal envi- career and philanthropy of Jerome Kohlberg ronments.” ’46, an emeritus member of the Board of Hollister warns against adding “practi-

Managers, is a prime example. PHOTOS BY ELEFTHERIOS KOSTANS cal” business courses to the curriculum. Kohlberg was co-founder of the lever- “My experience of small colleges is that if aged buyout specialist Kohlberg Kravis PHILIP JEFFERSON, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF they don’t resist the pressure to introduce Roberts & Co. (KKR) and is now special ECONOMICS, SAYS HE DOESN’T DISCOURAGE STU- business courses, the organization gets limited principal of Kohlberg & Co. His DENTSWHOAREINTERESTEDINBUSINESS overwhelmed,” he says. “It becomes all busi- business success began with the simple yet CAREERS.ROBINSONHOLLISTER,WHOHAS ness. If you get a good command of micro- powerful notion that it was better to risk TAUGHT IN THE ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT SINCE economics, macroeconomics, and statistics, one’s own capital than to be an intermedi- 1971, HAS SEEN A GRADUAL SHIFT IN ATTITUDES you have the tools to do the other stuff and ary. “One of my friend’s fathers was a mer- can pick it up.” chant banker,’ he recalls. “He didn’t act for TOWARD BUSINESS AT SWARTHMORE, BUT HE Provost and Mari S. Michener Professor commissions. He stood and fell on his own WARNSAGAINSTADDINGBUSINESSCOURSESTO of Art History Connie Hungerford agrees. investments, which he put beside those of THECURRICULUM. She says that educating for specific business other clients. I realized that being a princi- skills may not last a lifetime, but the critical pal was what I wanted.” Kohlberg turned his attention to giving thinking taught at Swarthmore is useful in This insight drew Kohlberg into invest- back, contributing to Swarthmore in many every endeavor (see “Women Carving Their ment banking. “I went to Bear Stearns, ways. He seems most proud of his ongoing Own Paths” on page 24): “We teach our where we invented buyouts. They were contribution to Swarthmore’s student body students how to learn what they need to called bootstraps,” he says. In bootstraps, through the Evans Scholars Program. “I learn at any specific time, not a set of skills investors purchase control of companies named it after my Swarthmore roommate, that is likely to go out of date. Swarthmore financed largely through bank loans, while Phil Evans; he was a selfless, dedicated doc- alumni can do what a job requires, but they giving managers a significant equity stake to tor, who died prematurely,” says Kohlberg. think beyond the task at hand. They can’t do link their personal wealth to the companies’ “Every April, we grant scholarships to about a job—any job—without considering how it financial results. The managers streamline eight students.” (For more on the Evans might be done better or what the conse- operations and sell the company at a profit Scholars Program, see “The Promise of quences might be. within 5 to 7 years. Leadership,” December 2003 Bulletin, or go “A liberal arts education gives people “I insisted on [Bear Stearns] manage- to www.philipevansscholars.org.) competence in a wide range of areas and the ment having a piece of the equity,” says Despite Swarthmore’s record of success confidence that, if they come across a prob- Kohlberg. “I brought up the idea of long- in preparing alumni for business careers— lem—whether it be in business, medicine, term investments in these bootstraps to the and the positive contributions they are mak- law, or in their community—they have the Bear Stearns partners. My proposal was ing to society and to the College—questions ability to work on a solution.” T overruled.” remain about campus attitudes toward busi- This led Kohlberg to start his own com- ness-oriented students. Peter Cohan is president of Peter S. Cohan & pany. “After 21 years at Bear Stearns, I left to Some alumni have suggested that the Associates (http://petercohan.com), a manage- start KKR. I was like other Swarthmore stu- College offer a minor in business adminis- ment consulting and venture capital firm. He is dents who are used to independence.” In tration. “If Swarthmore is to train the lead- the author of seven books, including Value 1987,Kohlberg went out on his own again, ers of the future, we need to focus on pro- Leadership: The Seven Principles That Drive starting Kohlberg & Co. with his son, and viding them with a tool kit that is relevant Corporate Value in Any Economy (Jossey- retired as a limited partner in 1992. to this age and the age to come,” says Mer- Bass, 2003). J U N E 2 0 0 4 23

W OMEN C ARVING T HEIR O WN P ATHS

SELF-EMPLOYEDALUMNAE BUILDECONOMICALLY INDEPENDENTAND CREATIVELYFULFILLINGLIVES.

By Andrea Hammer

eflecting trends in the business world, Swarthmore-educat- said. “After years of writing about problems, I liked the idea of writ- ed women have increasingly entered the workforce during ing about a solution. Starting a small business, or becoming self- Rthe last few decades. As they have explored options from employed, isn’t the right choice for everyone struggling to get by leadership positions in major corporations (see “A Profitable Educa- below the poverty line, but for many, it can be a viable option.” tion” on page 18) to independent start-ups, they have consistently “I also wanted to get people thinking about the meaning of the relied on analytic and communications skills developed at the Col- word ‘entrepreneur,’” Shirk added. “I have always been impressed lege. According to the College’s database, approximately 500 female by the entrepreneurial streak I’ve seen in many low-income people. entrepreneurs have opted to work independently as self-employed People who work in low-wage jobs have always run little businesses architects, financial analysts, translators, landscape designers, Web on the side, as a means of survival. However, hardly anyone thinks consultants, and gallery and bookshop owners—just to name a few. of them as entrepreneurs.” In their book Kitchen Table Entrepreneurs: How Eleven Women Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary (10th ed.) defines this Escaped Poverty and Became Their Own Bosses (Westview Press, word as “one who organizes, manages, and assumes the risks of a 2002), Martha Shirk ’73 and Anna Wadia focus on women who business or enterprise” and self-employed as “earning income have started their own businesses. In the foreword to the revised directly from one’s own business, trade, or profession rather than as paperback edition (published this spring), presumptive Democratic a specified salary or wages from an employer.” presidential nominee Sen. John Kerry (D-Mass.) thinks that this Since 1991, the Ms. Foundation for Women has administered the work shows us “the possibilities of empowering low-income women Collaborative Fund for Women’s Economic Development, a multi- through entrepreneurship.” He also notes the emergence of women foundation effort that has given $10 million to community organi- as a force in the business sector: zations supporting low-income female entrepreneurs throughout “Since 1985, when I first joined the U.S. Senate Committee on the United States. In the mid-1990s, after reading Shirk’s Lives on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, the number of women- the Line and receiving a grant from the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, owned businesses has doubled. Today, there are over 10.1 million the Ms. Foundation staff recruited her to research and write a book women-owned firms generating $2.32 trillion in sales. One in seven about the impact of microenterprise on low-income U.S. women. American workers is employed by a woman-owned company, and Anna Wadia, a program director for the Ms. Foundation, collaborat- the latest statistics show that women-owned businesses are outpac- ed on the policy-related chapters. ing other companies in overall growth, in number of firms, employ- “Research has shown that often what makes the difference be- ment, and sales.” tween a successful small business and one that fails is the amount of Throughout her 30-year career as a journalist, Shirk has special- preparation that goes into starting it as well as the availability of ized in poverty-related issues. Her previous book, Lives on the Line ongoing support,” Shirk said. “The foundation asked that I feature (Westview Press, 1999), addressed the challenges of raising a family women who benefited from some form of assistance from a commu- below the poverty line. nity-based organization dedicated to promoting microenterprise as a “The topic of Kitchen Table Entrepreneurs—entrepreneurship as poverty alleviation strategy.” The 11 entrepreneurs are diverse in race,

EVE LYMAN one route out of poverty—struck me as a natural sequel,” Shirk age, ethnicity, community, and businesses. Depending on the individual and the community organization,

“MUCHOFMYWORKISALONGTHELINESOFBUILT-INBOOKCASES,”SAID the assistance provided ranged from modest (a workshop about how to start a business) to intensive (one-on-one technical assis- JANEKOSTICKFROMHERMEDFORD,MASS.,WOODSHOP,WHERESHEALSO tance) to ongoing (participation in a production network). Some DESIGNS MULTIDIMENSIONAL JEWELRY BOXES. SEE HER STORY ON PAGE 30. J U N E 2 0 0 4 25 order to go out on your own. When you’re employed, those pay- checks keep coming in, even if you’re having a bad spell at work. When you work for yourself, your income depends upon your ef- fort, and even major effort doesn’t guarantee it. If you think you have a great idea for a business, and nobody else thinks so, you’ve got a failed business. Approximately half of all small businesses fail within five years, so starting a business is a risky proposition.” Here are the stories of four alumnae who have taken this bold step to design and market laptop cases to clients including Apple and Sony, create a Kathak dance company, develop a woodworking K R I E G business, and fund legislative lobbying through antiques dealing. Although all have faced challenges in their enterprises, their fulfill-

C H R I S T N E ing work and freedom of lifestyle remain the common threads.

“YOUHAVETOHAVEANAPPETITEFORRISKTOGIVEUPAJOBINORDER TO GO OUT ON YOUR OWN,” SAYS MARTHA SHIRK, A JOURNALIST WHO EMILY MCHUGH ’90 HAS RECEIVED MANY AWARDS. IN 1997, SHE WAS A KNIGHT INTERNA- Casauri® Laptop Cases TIONALPRESSFELLOWINCHINA.HERRECENTBOOK, ONTHEIROWN EAST ORANGE, N.J. (WESTVIEW PRESS, 2004), FOCUSES ON FOSTER CARE CHILDREN. o raise “seed capital” for designing and marketing stylish lap- Ttop cases at her company Casauri, Emily McHugh played violin women received microloans for the purchase of such income- in subway stations for the Music Under New York Program. generating equipment as a sewing or electronic knitting machine “I used practically everything I had toward my business,” said or a commercial freezer. McHugh, who first envisioned Casauri in a business plan that she Meeting the women affected Shirk’s outlook on life. “Seeing the wrote for the course Managing New Ventures at Columbia Business impact of these women’s businesses on their lives helped me School. “I was depressed by my ugly and boring laptop case, which rethink the notion of success,” Shirk said. For instance, Roselyn I refused to carry. My sister Helena, who went to the Fashion Insti- Spotted Eagle, a gifted beadwork artist and quilt maker who lives tute of Technology, made me a case that people started to admire.” on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in Kyle, S.D., wouldn’t be Casauri (stemming from the French word caméléon and reptile- considered a successful business owner by most people’s standards. family sauria, as in “dino-saur”) was born—or at least on the verge Her bead and quilt business brings in $10,000 a year at the most. of coming to life. However, the income from that business has enabled her to move “The summer after graduating from business school, I worked her family from a two-room shack without running water to a com- part time to help pay for samples and basic expenses. I played my fortable three-bedroom mobile home. Her business has made a violin in the sweltering subways of New York and used to play Irish huge difference in her family’s quality of life.” fiddle on St. Patrick’s Day at the World Trade Center,” she said. Many women who start businesses want to improve their eco- One winter, her sister even sewed fleece scarves and hats, which nomic status and gain more control over their lives. Although all of McHugh sold on the sidewalk of Times Square. She also worked as the subjects in this book started their businesses with the goal of a sales associate at a Coach handbag and accessory shop to learn earning more money for their families, an important factor in near- the business. ly every case was the desire to lead a different life. McHugh then did library research to identify additional re- “To my surprise, this project helped me clarify what I value most sources, which eventually led to a microloan sponsored by the U.S. about being self-employed,” Shirk said. “After 21 years of working for Small Business Administration (SBA) and guidance from SCORE the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, I made the leap to self-employment seven counselors. The SCORE Association (see http://www.score.org), a years ago; just about every year since, I have debated with myself resource partner with the SBA, has served more than 6 million about whether to become someone’semployee again.” entrepreneurs since 1964 and currently advises nearly 400,000 But meeting the women profiled in her book helped Shirk, now entrepreneurs annually. a full-time freelance writer, realize that “what I value about being “But my first real step was to go into the marketplace and check self-employed is not just the freedom to choose my topics but also the pulse of what was going on. I visited practically every boutique to decide myself how to carve up the time in the day. Being my own and luggage store from Prada to Gucci and realized that I had an boss allows me to reserve time in my week for other activities that I opportunity to explore because none of them were meeting the enjoy, including community activism, which simply wouldn’t be need in the marketplace that I had identified—that is, stylish, func- possible if I were still working as a newspaper reporter.” tional, and affordable cases for technology products, especially lap- Shirk thinks that “having an entrepreneurial streak isn’t enough tops,” she said. to guarantee success as a business owner. It takes a good idea but In business since 1999, Casauri has faced “endless challenges— also a lot of planning and hard work,” she said. every day presents new ones,” McHugh said. “However, as we over- “You also have to have an appetite for risk to give up a job in come each challenge, we make quantum leaps forward.” SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 26 The first major issue was getting design samples made; the next was to convince stores to take Casauri products based on rough first versions. To make headway in the marketplace, McHugh had to find a reputable overseas manufacturer, which took about two years. Ongoing challenges include inventory controls, distribution, quality control, pricing, forecasting, marketing, financing growth, and international expansion. “We are masters at outsourcing—at least this is our goal. The strategizing, planning, designing, and conceptualizing take place ‘in house,’ but more and more of our execution take place else- where,” McHugh said. “The people we work with are all over the country and overseas. In fact, we work with independent contrac- tors, many of whom are stay-at-home moms.” She added: “In the beginning, we did everything ourselves. We still do a lot, but it has gotten much better. However, being exposed to all aspects of one’s business really makes the difference in actual- ly knowing and understanding your business. So when it comes time to delegate, you know exactly what’s going on or what to expect. Delegating does not mean you do not still need to be aware of what is happening; it means you don’t have to do all the day-to-

day tasks yourself, but you are still responsible for the results.” DANIEL MARRACINO Some of Casauri’s outsourced areas include graphic design, Web programming, accounting/bookkeeping, manufacturing, and distri- EMILY MCHUGHHASCLIENTSINCLUDINGAPPLE,SONYSTYLE,MERRILL bution. Emily is directly involved in product development, market- LYNCH, AND FLIGHT 001 AT HENRI BENDEL. TO LEARN MORE ABOUT CASAURI ing, and sales. Helena does product design, sourcing, and “remains LAPTOP CASES, FEATURED IN THE JUNE 7 BUSINESSWEEK,VISIT the steady voice of wisdom and insight,” her sister said. “She is WWW.CASAURI.COM. great at summing up situations and people—in other words, saving time.” to pursue. For me, it was a lifelong series of events that culminated At the College, McHugh majored in linguistics, French, and in that moment of decision. In addition, it took me a few months Spanish. of waking up in the middle of the night in a cold sweat to accept “Swarthmore was excellent, if not ideal, for shaping me for the that starting my own business was the appropriate step for me to role of entrepreneur. I didn’t know it then, but I certainly see it take. Talk to people, do research, and assess your own tempera- now. I knew Swarthmore was shaping me for something interest- ment. Are you comfortable with total uncertainty—or at least can learn to be—are you obsessed with a driving force to execute your “It is very exciting to be an vision, are you convinced that the world will definitely be a better place with what you have to offer?” said McHugh, a 2002 Lax Con- entrepreneur. This excitement ference panelist. “We have evolved beyond just being perceived as a product that is fueled by a driving passion meets a need to becoming an entity to which people have estab- lished emotional attachments. We receive e-mails from people all and obsessive focus.” over the world who tell us that they have been looking for what we offer for years and that they want more,” McHugh said. “Our goal ing, but I had no idea what. Swarthmore was like an intellectual is to continue to build Casauri into an international brand that playhouse that allowed me to pursue all my eclectic interests. I designs innovative products and resonates with consumers for couldn't decide on a major, so I created one,” McHugh said. decades to come.” “At Swarthmore, we were constantly pushed beyond our per- Casauri’s first-quarter sales this year were at least four times the ceived limits, always asked to do more and to test our stamina— figures, for the same period, in 2003. This summer, McHugh and both physical and intellectual. There was no room for complacency her sister also plan to hire two other internal workers. They cur- and absolute intolerance for mediocrity. We were trained to set high rently have at least 20 contract employees as well as another 100 in standards, high goals, and ultimately figure out a way to achieve a factory in China making Casauri bags. them…. Swarthmore will be happy to know that I have most defi- “The marketplace has gradually woken up to realize that without nitely found the outlet—it took a while, but I found it.” women entrepreneurs our economy would be nowhere,” McHugh Before attending business school, she worked at the Banque said. “With so many companies and government agencies eager to Nationale de Paris (BNP) in New York and in Mexico City. interact with women businesses, this could possibly be considered “[Entrepreneurship] is not for everyone, and it might take a the dawn of the golden age of women entrepreneurship. I personal- while to come to the realization that it is something you truly want ly am thrilled to be part of it.” J U N E 2 0 0 4 27 JANAKI PATRIK ’66 Kathak Ensemble & Friends/CARAVAN Inc. NEW YORK

ast year, Janaki Patrik (Wendy Hughes) celebrated the 25th Lanniversary of her company with several “beloved” classmates, who attended her ensemble’s performances. “I have a dance company whose core repertoire and inspiration for creating new choreography is Kathak, the classical dance style from North India,” Patrik said. “I saw my guru, Pandit Birju Maharaj, in 1963, when he and his company performed at Swarth- more as part of his first United States tour. When I saw him per- form and heard him speak about his art in Parrish Commons after the performance, I decided to go to India to study with him.” After graduating from Swarthmore, Patrik trained with Maharaji JULIE LEMBERGER in 1967,1969, and during “many subsequent trips in the interven- ing 37 years,” she said. Awarded a Merce Cunningham Studio ers on a freelance and per-project basis during the 25-year history Scholarship in 1971, she studied the renowned dancer’s technique, of her dance company. repertory, and choreography from 1971 to 1978. “I could not run a dance company without employing these peo- Remaining committed to Kathak, though, she said: “The first ple. The scope of my work has grown, but I do not measure growth step was to go to India to learn the dance and its cultural context. according to the size of each production. Some productions are This is like [being born] for a second time necessarily small because the vision dictates and learning a whole new language, both this; some productions are large. The con- physically and metaphysically.” “If I thought of cept rules the number of people who will Patrik was awarded a Fulbright Scholar- collaborate with me—both artists and tech- ship for study in India during 1988 to 1989. my art in nical support staff,” she said. She researched poetry of the Kathak reper- “As an artist, I want to communicate, toire. Katha means “story,” and the roots of entrepreneurial and I am utterly convinced of the beauty this dance style are found in storytelling in and power of this particular art form— village temples. Today, rhythmic footwork terms, I would have whether alone in its purely classical form or accented by ankle bells, spins, and themes in dialogue with other art forms such as tap from Persian and Urdu poetry as well as given up long ago.” dance, modern dance, jazz, and contempo- Hindu mythology characterize this dance. rary music. I am grateful that Kathak has “Then, I began performing—almost given me a powerful medium through exclusively with live music. Becoming part of the network so that which I meet and work with other artists who are dedicated to people know you exist and invite you to perform is a large part of excellence,” Patrik added. “I enjoy communicating with a very the challenge of launching such a business because traditional broad range of students and audience members who hunger for advertisement is not the primary way of getting jobs.” beauty and positivity and who search for answers in this difficult The company, formed in 1978 and incorporated as a not-for- world through means other than emotionless words and facts.” profit arts and education organization in 1997,performs both A Russian language and literature major, Patrik said: “Swarth- Patrik’s choreography and traditional Kathak. Residencies are more did not prepare me for becoming an entrepreneur. It prepared offered through CARAVAN, the company’s arts-in-education sec- me to think independently and persevere in fulfilling my visions— tion. whether academic or artistic. Swarthmore exalted the life of the Some challenges that Patrik has faced as an artist include “fund- mind, and it provided circumscribed and achievable examples of ing, booking, dealing with issues of ‘authenticity’ in a field defined defining a project, exploring and researching, then presenting the incorrectly as ‘ethnic’ rather than ‘classical,’ filling out tax forms, result in an acceptable format…. I believe that part of Swarthmore and doing all the administrative work.” is about vision, reaching for ideals and not thinking only in practi- The most fulfilling aspect of Patrik’s work involves “collabora- cal terms. If I thought of my art in entrepreneurial terms, I would tions—working with dedicated fellow artists in performance,” she have given up long ago.” said. “Working with children—particularly with those who Patrik emphasized the need for artists to persevere in fulfilling respond to the power and physical expertise of a performing artist, their creative dreams. when they may have closed down the traditional access channels “Don't give up before you begin, just because it seems impracti- for learning—is some of the most gratifying work my art has cal. Creativity does not take place primarily in the mundane. It is allowed me to experience.” born in the mind and heart and imagination,” she said. Patrik has employed hundreds of dancers, musicians, lighting “My business is not based on any sound economic strategy. and set designers, composers, stage managers, and graphic design- America has abhorrent policies toward its arts and artists. For SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 28 example, what I am paid now by Young Audiences to teach 30 SWARTHMOREDEVELOPSENTREPRENEURIALSPIRIT students—$67 per 45-minute class—is barely $2 more than what I was paid in 1980. No health benefits or retirement Being an entrepreneur requires a kind of confidence and courage that plan add on to this criminally low wage for a teacher entrusted many students learn—or further develop—here,” Professor of Econom- with nurturing creativity and inspiring a cohesive and sensi- ics Ellen Magenheim said. “They learn new ideas, explore challenges, tive reaction by students to cultures other than their own. follow hunches; they learn to develop and defend an argument and When America does bother to think about the arts, or arts-in- learn how to listen to what others have to say. All of these character- education, it generally wants artists to justify themselves in istics are important in being an entrepreneur because they develop terms of ‘real economic value,’ by teaching to the curriculum,” the abilities to think creatively, plan rationally, and then to have the Patrik said. “Art can do that, but it can do so much more, and confidence to move ahead—even when others are skeptical about your to ask an artist to justify herself in entrepreneurial terms—or plans.” according to some abstract standard of economic accountabili- Magenheim touches on entrepreneurship in her course and seminar ty—is a travesty,a waste,a crime against creativity.” on industrial organization. During the evolution of her company, Patrik has realized a “In a much more down-to-earth way, we teach them many of the greater fulfillment of her artistic vision, “both in execution tools that they will need when they are self-employed, whether it is and in the creative process,” she said. Her goals for future the math and accounting needed to do the financial planning aspects development are to “continue to create in real time and real of their work or the ability to express themselves clearly and persua- space the musical and choreographic visions that engross my sively in marketing materials,” she said. mind. Along the way, I “I would also expect that Swarthmore graduates who become entre- envision continuing to preneurs or self-employed are more likely to think responsibly about work with fellow artists their relationships to their ‘community’—that is, their suppliers, and with students in the employees, and customers.” most humane and ethical Magenheim has “tremendous respect for entrepreneurs,” she said. and creative ways possi- “The scariest aspect to me is that you can do everything right and ble.” still fail—you have a great idea, you prepare a good business plan, Daughter Lela ’04,a get sufficient financial backing, hire good employees. But then there mathematics and sociolo- is terrible weather, a national crisis, a change in tastes—all of which gy/anthropology double can send your business into failure.” major, is a resident assis- She doesn’t think a particular major is the key aspect of entrepre- tant in Mertz Hall. She neurial preparation, but a need exists for “quantitative literacy” and has sung in four produc- effective written and oral communication skills. To participate in tions of the Swarthmore international trade, Magenheim recommends learning the language, chorus, with a cappella history, and politics of the region. jazz group Oscar & Emily “But I certainly don’t think there is one path to preparation for life

FRAMK GIMPAYA for three years, and as a as an entrepreneur—nor do I think you need an economics major,

TOPLEFT: IN NEWYORKDELHIMIX Swarthmore College Jazz although I imagine that would be the first major people might think Band vocal soloist for of,” she said. (NOVEMBER 2001 PRODUCTION), seven semesters. Lela also “I also encourage students to find entrepreneurs—both successful THE KATHAK ENSEMBLE IS SHOWN IN dances with the Swarth- and less successful—to talk about their experiences: what they enjoy JOYFUL MOVEMENT DURING ANOTHER more African Repertory and what they don't like about their work, what they would do differ- GET TOGETHER. TO LEARN MORE group and Rhythm & ently if they were starting now,” Magenheim added. ABOUT PATRIK (ABOVE) AND HER Motion; a work-study was She also thinks that a partnership might ease the stress of many COMPANY, VISIT WWW.KATHAK- at the Djoniba Dance and critical business decisions. “It would be both a greater pleasure and Drum Center, the African possibly a greater success to be able to work through all the chal- ENSEMBLE.COM. dance studio in New York, lenges with a partner you respect and who possibly has skills that where she continues to complement your own—I do think it is a challenge for one person to take classes. To learn more about Lela, see her Web site at embody all of the talents required.” www.sccs.swarthmore.edu/users/04/lkp/index.html. When considering the scope of entrepreneurial paths, Magenheim “Be very careful that you treat your fellow women as seri- said that social entrepreneurs may develop nonprofit businesses. ously and respectfully as you have wished to be treated,” Examples include training the previously unemployed to enter the Patrik said. “We can be our own worst enemies, particularly as labor market, providing job opportunities for people who might other- we age and see our beauty, mental acuity, and physical stamina wise find it difficult, or starting social and cultural programs. giving way to the next generation. Revel in the success of your “I think these people are also entrepreneurs—even if they are not female colleagues. In the end, that is what we have left—a running a for-profit business—and I think this may be a model that is sense of a life lived fully and decently and generously.” particularly appealing to Swarthmore graduates,” she said. —A.H. J U N E 2 0 0 4 29 “I do see myself more as self-employed than as an entrepreneur. Success in business for me is about making my life work.”

to design and build her own furniture and artwork in wood. “I sold work through art galleries in the begin- ning, and I still do occasionally,” she said, “but I’ve always found it to be an unreliable way to make DEAN POWELL money. For several years, I worked other part-time jobs to pay bills. I earned enough to keep doing what I love, and gradually I acquired enough tools and machinery to set JANE GREENBERG KOSTICK ’88 up my own woodshop, which is in a Tufts-owned industrial build- Custom Woodworking ing in Medford. Most of the renters in the building are also wood- MEDFORD, MASS. workers, so there are a lot of skilled people around to learn from.” A self-employed woodworker for 14 years, Kostick said, “The pursued this line of work straight out of College because wood- biggest challenge was how to make the artwork be profitable.” To Iworking had always been something I enjoyed,” Jane Kostick achieve that goal, she expanded her business into other types of said. “In junior high and high school, I loved my woodshop classes, woodworking besides mathematical art. and then during my senior year at Swarthmore, I loved the wood- “This was a natural result of my husband being in the residen- shop that I used in my sculpture course with Professor [of Studio tial remodeling business. So I learned how to design and build cus- Art] Brian Meunier. I majored in math at Swarthmore, and the tom cabinetry, which there seems to be an endless demand for in independent research I did for my senior paper was about tiling this area. That’s about half of my patterns, which, for me, was about two-dimensional art. That’s business now. I still do the geo- when I first learned about the work of M.C. Escher.” metric woodworking, and I enjoy Kostick now sees herself as a math artist who creates furniture, it more when there’s no pressure cabinetry, and puzzles. She particularly relishes creating wooden to make money doing it,” she objects that “people can play with” and gifts such as multidimen- said. sional jewelry boxes. Kostick thinks that self-disci- “This interest in art and mathematics has led to so much in my pline is critical for self-employed life today. In 1992, [Albert and Edna Pownall Buffington Professor workers. In her 20s, she learned of Mathematics] Gene Klotz notified me about an art and mathe- to live on a small income—not matics conference at State University of New York–Albany. There, I needing much to maintain her met people from all over the world with this common math/art lifestyle.

interest.” “The most gratifying thing EVE LYMAN At this conference, Kostick was particularly inspired by and about my work is that it balances learned from Professor Koos Verhoeff of Holland, who knew Escher with the rest of my life. For the IN 1994, KOSTICK’S TREFOIL KNOT from decades earlier. “We went on to do some collaborative work, most part, woodworking is soli- TABLE (ABOVE)—DESIGNED BY and I began learning about polyhedrons and spatial lattices, three- tary and peaceful, just the kind KOOS VERHOEFF OF THE NETHER- dimensional art,” she said. of energy I need in my life so I LANDS—WAS DISPLAYED IN “I’m particularly grateful to have met the late Professor Arthur can take care of what's most SWARTHMORE’S ADMISSIONS Loeb of Harvard’s Design Science Department,” Kostick added. He important to me, which is my OFFICE. HER WORK HAS GROWN IN ran a lecture series at Harvard called the Philomorphs. It was at one family. John and I have two sons, of those lectures the following year that I met my husband, John, and being self-employed has OTHER DIRECTIONS NOW; SHE IS who shares this interest in geometry and also happens to work as a enabled me to have a flexible CURRENTLY BUILDING THE LOGO carpenter.” schedule. I didn’t plan it this FOR OUTSITE NETWORKS (SEE After an informal apprenticeship with a fine furniture maker in way, but it couldn’t have worked WWW.OUTSITENETWORKS.COM). Cambridge for a year, Kostick rented space in a Boston woodshop out better.” SWARTHMORE COLLEGE BULLETIN 30 SARA DUSTIN ’59 Dustbin Antiques HOPKINTON, N.H.

“kitchen table business,” Sara Dustin said of her ADustbin Antiques, “certainly defines mine.... It’s just something I developed so I could earn enough money, in my spare time on the weekends, to do the mostly unpaid Quakerly work I really wanted to do during the week—lob- bying the New Hampshire legislature; the state administra- tive structure; and, occasionally, Congress, on behalf of poor children and their single-parent mothers.” In 1996, the Board of Directors of Southern New Hampshire Services honored Dustin for her “tireless effort on behalf of New Hampshire’s Women and Children.” From 1983 to 1997, she also served as executive director of Parents for Justice, an advocacy group for low-income sin- gle parents in New Hampshire. Dustin continues to volun- teer for Families for Justice, which supports humane operations of SARA DUSTIN SOLD ANTIQUES IN A BOOTH AT BRIMFIELD, MASS., ON A the state’s child protection agency. WARM MAY MORNING ABOUT 10 YEARS AGO (ABOVE). DUSTIN BEGAN “After doing good all week, on the weekend I turn into a shark, LOBBYING THE NEW HAMPSHIRE LEGISLATURE 20 YEARS AGO. prowling the yard sales, flea markets, and estate auctions of my neighborhood in New Hampshire for undervalued treasures, which valued the self-confidence and ability to think critically that the could be cleaned up, restored, and marked up mercilessly for sale College first instilled—and that has continued to inform her work. on the antique and collectibles market,” Dustin said. “Marketing For example, she now has the eye to spot pieces for first-rank ven- the stuff has been a source of much adventure.” ues. “Two summers ago, I discovered a first-period Van Briggle Jar- “I have acquired diniere in a peach basket full of flower pots under a table in a local estate sale for 50 cents and ‘flipped it,’ as we say in the trade, two a life that provides days later, for $1,500 to a colleague with better selling connections than I. And this fall, a battered turn-of-the-century watercolor I highly varied rescued from a yard sale shed last summer for $25 went for $2,300 at auction at Skinners in Boston,” Dustin said. satisfactions.” “So you see, I have acquired a life that provides highly varied satisfactions. During the week, I jump into my little suit and my Dustin finds the line between leisure and work increasingly nylons and go down to the legislature to practice a very active kind blurred. In many ways, her antiquing is recreational, even though it of political science representing the interests of the poor,” Dustin provides her income. said. “On the weekend, I play around with [antiques] in my sweat “I spent a number of years trucking the stuff down to New York pants and joggers, getting up at 5 a.m. to beat the competition to City one weekend a month to set up at the fabulous outdoor week- my neighbors' lawns and, up to very lately, camping out in vans to end antique markets in the parking lots of Manhattan’s garment sell it. High fun and low fun.” T district,” she said. For a week each during May, July, and September in Brimfield, Mass.—home to one of the largest outdoor antiques shows in New England with more than 5,000 dealers—Dustin FOR MORE INFORMATION also has set up and manned a booth 90 feet long by 10 feet wide The following Web sites provide information about opportunities every year for the last 18. “I perform this feat in partnership with and support structures available to women business owners: my long-term significant other, John Moore,” she said. But these days, at 66, I am gradually retrenching. I have stocked The National Association of Women Business Owners a small booth in the most reputable group shop on Northwood (http://www.nawbo.org) New Hampshire's famous Antique Alley with the very best things I The Women’s Programs Office can find cheap, priced as high as I can imagine them selling— (http://www.apa.org/pi/wpo) and, to my astonishment and delight, like my magic show boxes, it Women Impacting Public Policy produces this magic money." Dustin refers to “magic" because (http://www.wipp.org) the contents of a box and a half (or less) sell regularly for a depend- able $400. The National Association for Female Executives A political science major at Swarthmore, Dustin said that she (http://nafe.com) J U N E 2 0 0 4 31 STEPHAN DAIGLE/CORBIS

Are there ay the word “torture,” and images problem, Rejali says, is not. What he saw of dank dungeons, disembowel- from Abu Ghraib simply reflects the expo- ments, and rusting medieval sure of contemporary torture procedures circumstances instruments come to mind. It practiced for the very reason their capture seems,S at first mention, an archaic con- on camera is so ironic: These methods leave that justify cern—a plague against human dignity that no marks and thus maintain an appearance has been all but eradicated. Yet, the news of democracy while soldiers and guards use reports of recent weeks have brought to decidedly undemocratic interrogation tech- torture in light evidence of gruesome deeds, a flash- niques. “Tyranny,” Rejali quotes the Greeks, back to another time beamed into the 21st “always wears a mask.” the name of century via video and Internet technology— Rejali defines torture as “the systematic images of what Darius Rejali ’81, associate exercise of physical torment on detained professor of political science at Reed College individuals by state officials in their public national and an expert on modern torture, says is capacity for confession, interrogation, or clearly evidence of torture as practiced by intimidation.” Three techniques once security? modern democracies. approved by the Central Intelligence Agency Since the May release of the now famous (CIA)—choking with water, sweating, and photos depicting such torture techniques as forced standing—all rely on physical tor- forced standing, electrocution, and humilia- ment of prisoners: “We had no problem tion in Iraq’s Abu Ghraib prison, the nation calling these approved techniques torture has been absorbed in a debate about tor- when other countries did them,” he says. ture, prisoner’s rights, and national security. These techniques depend on surrepti- The national press attention is new; the tiousness. The famous picture of the hood- SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 32 Tackling Torture

TORTUREISN’TJUSTMORALLYUNJUSTIFIED— IT DOESN’T EVEN WORK, SAYS DARIUS REJALI ’81.

By Elizabeth Redden ’05

ed prisoner forced to stand with electrical ture is coming back,” Rejali says. “We live in As Rejali explains, pain tolerance varies wires attached to his extremities is an exam- a society where people are either too terri- greatly among individuals, undermining the ple of a nonscarring technique that causes fied or too uncaring to notice these things, notion of a universal threshold at which ex-treme temporary pain. According to and torture is usually used on people we information can be extracted, thus ensuring Rejali, a 1956 CIA investigation of the tech- don’t like, so we don’t care.” that torture remains unscientific and impre- nique revealed that forced standing leads to And it’s not just in Iraq. Almost a year cise. Torture, he says, is time-consuming, the swelling of ankles and feet to twice the and a half before The Washington Post re- hard work, which is not suited for emergen- normal size within 24 hours; the develop- leased the Abu Ghraib photos, it printed an cies. It often leads to false information that ment of blisters; and, eventually, an increase article describing the “stress and duress” then must be subject to a verification in heart rate and kidney failure. interrogation techniques allegedly employed process, wasting valuable intelligence The physical torture in Abu Ghraib was by CIA officials at the American air base in resources. combined with what Rejali called “cultural Bagram, Afghanistan. Suspected Al-Qaeda “The gist of it is, there is little social, sci- torture” in a May 20 Time Magazine “View- and Taliban members were forced to kneel entific, or historical evidence that suggests point” article he wrote in response to the or stand for hours in black hoods or spray- that torture works in the way people say it photos. The nakedness and forcing of pris- painted goggles; were bound in awkward, does when they pose the question, ‘Can we oners to adopt sexual positions with one painful positions; were deprived of sleep; torture for national security?’ And if, as I another was, Rejali wrote, evidence of the and were held under 24-hour lighting. One argue, torture does not work in any of the use of cultural and religious knowledge to U.S. official was quoted in the Dec. 26, ways often claimed, then there is no point find and employ techniques that would 2002, Post as saying, “If you don’t violate asking for a moral justification,” Rejali says. most destroy the prisoners’ egos. As Rejali someone’shuman rights some of the time, Furthermore, Rejali claims that torture wrote in his article, Muhammad’s son Ali you probably aren’t doing your job.” not only doesn’t work; it can actually famously spared the life of an adversary Such statements have prompted indig- destroy intelligence-building efforts. During when his nakedness was exposed, and this nant responses from human rights organi- a May 18 CNN Newsnight appearance, Rejali respect for the sanctity of the naked body zations, including Amnesty International. went head-to-head with Harvard Law pro- has persevered in Islamic tradition into In its 2003 annual report, Secretary General fessor and author of America on Trial Alan modern times. The stacking of naked pris- Irene Khan challenged the assertion that Dershowitz, when Dershowitz claimed tor- oners, one on top of the other, is a type of civil liberties can be curtailed in times of ture is justified for that small percentage of torture because U.S. guards have the cultur- high-security concerns. “Governments are time it might actually work. Without using al knowledge “to kick ’em where it hurts.” not entitled to respond to terror with ter- informants, Rejali argued, the probability of Americans have been reluctant to call all ror,” Khan wrote. “Human rights are not a actually identifying the correct crime sus- of this torture, though, and the T word, as luxury for good times.” pect falls to less than 10 percent, and so the Rejali calls it, is just not one we’re all that real key to gaining information on terrorist comfortable with. Abuse, though, as the Abu ejali has become a key figure in this plots lies in attaining public trust and Ghraib scandal has been termed on the debate. His expertise has been in securing informant links. “[The] more you nightly news programs, is not a technical Rdemand in the aftermath of Sept. 11, torture, the less you’re going to get inform- one and is a concept entirely absent from as reporters often ask him for a definitive ants and the less you get public coopera- descriptions of torture and ill treatment as answer to the question of whether torture is tion,” Rejali said. “It will actually reduce the found in the Geneva Conventions. It is, ever justified in the name of international ability of any government to win a war.” Rejali says, “a fiction of the American security. It is a debate that Rejali says lacks Especially, Rejali wrote in a recent op-ed, in media” and evidence of how quickly we can relevance at its core. Torture, he says, is a a war whose premise is the establishment of and will look the other way. largely inefficient method of information transparency, democracy, and respect for “We live in an age in which I think tor- gathering. individual human freedoms. J U N E 2 0 0 4 33 ANDREI KOSTIN/CORBIS

et Dershowitz is not the only one times be moral. In this respect, torture is on informers than torture. who is unconvinced that democracy like civil disobedience; you do it, and then “Civil disobedience strengthens the law, Ycan be maintained without the strip- you pay the consequences,” Rejali summa- but ‘morally justified’ torture sets into ping of freedoms from a few threatening rizes Bowden’s argument. motion a process that undermines not only individuals. Fear breeds violence; in the Momentarily putting aside the question the rule of law but the very state structures insecurity of a post–Sept. 11 world, Rejali’s of whether torture works, Rejali says this Bowden claims this practice is supporting,” stance on the ineffectiveness of torture is argument, although attractive in its appeal Rejali says. one that has found opponents among those to liberals and conservatives alike, contains searching for fail-proof interrogation tech- a key flaw. It is unlikely, he argues, that tor- ince the release of the Abu Ghraib niques. In the October 2003 Atlantic Month- ture can be exposed to the same kind of photos, Rejali’s articles have appeared ly cover story “The Dark Art of Interroga- public scrutiny necessary for any act of civil Sin Time and Salon, and his name tion,” author Mark Bowden argues that disobedience to be an effective moral alter- shows up across the media as a key source although coercive methods should be offi- native. in prison scandal coverage. NBC and CNN cially banned, they should nevertheless be “Most disobedient protesters submit to tried to book him for the same time, PBS practiced quietly when they are seen as public scrutiny by courts and newspapers. wanted him for the NewsHour With Jim effective in garnering necessary security Modern torturers, on the other hand, spe- Lehrer, and it seems to him that as long as information. “It is wise of the president to cialize in techniques that leave no marks the Iraq war continues, he must make room reiterate U.S. support for international and operate in secrecy. Courts and bureau- for a larger media presence in his life. agreements banning torture, and it is wise crats can’t evaluate this process. And the It will be difficult in a life that is already for American interrogators to employ what- historical evidence suggests that this secrecy so full. Rejali’s favorite moment of the media ever coercive methods work. It is also smart is cancerous. Organizations that torture not to discuss the matter with anyone,” splinter; secrecy and police competitiveness DARIUSREJALI(RIGHT) LEFT HIS NATIVE IRAN Bowden concludes. drive a downward spiral of inefficiency and Rejali says that Bowden essentially cre- corruption. The practice also spreads quickly IN 1977 TO ATTEND SWARTHMORE. IN 2001, HE ates a “civil disobedience” argument for the from security policing to normal domestic AND HIS MOTHER, SALLIE ANN YARBROUGH justification of torture on a limited scale: policing. Even the Soviets and Chinese REJALI ’56, RETURNED TO IRAN. THEY HOPE TO “Torture should be illegal but may some- knew this. They depended far more heavily GOAGAINSOON. SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 34 Rejali says that torture will actually reduce the ability to win a war whose premise is the establishment of democracy and respect for individual freedoms.

frenzy wasn’t about Iraq at all, but was, he activities. For a man who’s spent much of playful God of Beginnings, because I was says, when he got an e-mail from an old his career studying torture, Rejali is surpris- starting a new phase in my life. It was enor- Swarthmore friend asking him if he was still ingly high on life. “The easiest way to tell mously moving. I had a wonderful time,” he writing poetry. “This is what college friends you who I am is just to tell you the story of says. are for—they pull you back to who you are the last summer,” he says. Having always A world traveler, speaker of five foreign and not who the rest of the world wants you dreamed of seeing the midnight sun, the languages, and avid musician—“a big-time to be,” he says. first thing he did when he went on leave campfire accordion player in Oregon,” who In response, he says he is still writing from his job at Reed was travel to Fairbanks, says he’s also learning the Santur, a ham- poetry these days—among so many other Ala., and then to the Arctic Circle. He fol- mered dulcimer traditional in Persian lowed that with a trip music—Rejali is a man of many passions. to New Zealand, Yet he is never more passionate than when where he, a surfer of he is speaking of the resurgence of torture, five years, “drove which he has documented in his first two 1,000 kilometers in books, Torture and Modernity: Self, Society, search of a good and State in Modern Iran (1994) and Torture wave.” He then went and Democracy (forthcoming 2005). to a sociology confer- Having recently received a $100,000 ence in Australia, did Scholar of Vision grant from the Carnegie torture and human Scholars Program, he is working on a third rights research in book, Approaches to Violence: A Citizen’s Tool- Cambodia, and kit. It aims to provide citizens with the returned to the Unit- means and discourses through which they ed States to create a can think and speak clearly about violence. 17-foot statue of the “The idea behind it, a broader one, is that if Hindu elephant god you live in a society where people can’t really Ganesha—which he talk truthfully about cruelty, we often then burned as part become unaware of certain kinds of violence of the Burning Man that are not part of the approved roster of Festival, an annual kinds of violence we should care about,” he arts festival held in says. “If people can’t speak thoughtfully the desert of northern about cruelty, if the only thing that they can Nevada that is devot- do is imitate academics or politicians, ed to creating and they’re not going to be able to identify new then destroying beau- or hidden forms of violence in society.” T tiful works of art. “I’ve always wanted Elizabeth Redden ’05 first interviewed Darius to build something Rejali in summer 2003. She expanded this arti- for that, so I offered cle in recent weeks after returning from a semes-

CORKY MILLER the Ganesha, the ter in Ecuador. J U N E 2 0 0 4 35 GEORGE CATLIN (1796–1872), BIG BEND ON THE UPPER MISSOURI, 1900 MILES ABOVE ST. LOUIS., 1832, SMITHSONIAN AMERICAN ART MUSEUM,WASHINGTON, D.C./ART RESOURCE, N.Y. Dvorˇák in America: The Not-So-Distant M i r r o r An unusual education project looks at American music— and history—through a different discoverer of the New World.

By David Wright ‘69 SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 36 he “board room” of the New Jersey Nelahozeves had overcome all distinctions Symphony Orchestra (NJSO) in of nation or class and risen to Europe’s Tdowntown Newark is a little short on highest artistic circles by composing superb wood paneling and crystal chandeliers. It is concert music with a strong Czech flavor. In a nearly windowless, fluorescent-lit room, 1892, a wealthy American arts patron, Jean- just large enough to hold a functional white nette Thurber, had the idea of bringing him table and enough chairs for the directors to to New York to head her seven-year old con- all sit down at the same time. On a frigid servatory, with the explicit aim of develop- night in December 2003, a handful of jour- ing an American nationalist style of music. nalists and orchestra publicists have gath- That raised the question: What is Ameri- ered around the table to hear Joseph Horo- can? Dvorˇákalready had some acquaintance witz ’70 talk about his latest brainchild. with American culture, having read (in Horowitz is a music critic, social histori- translation) Longfellow’s world-renowned an, and orchestra adviser with a reputation poem The Song of Hiawatha and considered for organizing music festivals that aren’t just setting it as an opera. Once in the States, music festivals. A Horowitz event combines with the encouragement of various flacks authoritative performances with interdisci- and “yellow journalists,” he became the plinary lectures, panels, and publications. proverbial Man from Mars, observing his One veteran concert presenter recently said new environment: the hubbub of New York; of him, not without a touch of awe: “Joe’s the old plantation songs of his African

like a puppy with a slipper when he gets American assistant Harry Burleigh; Chica- NEW YORK PHILHARMONIC hold of one of these projects.” go’s Columbian Exposition (with its intima- Horowitz’s latest slipper is something tions of future American empire and racist ask George Gershwin. Or Duke Ellington. new for him: not just concerts and lectures anthropological displays); and the frontier Or Marvin Gaye.) but an entire curriculum in middle and high community of Spillville, Iowa, where he met That same year, the Wall Street Panic of school American history and social stud- real Indians and heard their music. 1893—an event as devastating to American ies—based on, of all things, classical music. His conclusion, drafted for him and society as the better-remembered Crash of And the composer at the center of it all is cabled worldwide by a famous yellow jour- 1929—dried up the funding for Dvorˇák‘s not even an American but a Czech, Antonín nalist named James Creelman, was: “In the conservatory, and he returned to Prague two Dvorˇák. Nevertheless, the National Endow- Negro melodies of America, I discover all years later. ment for the Humanities (NEH) and the that is needed for a great and noble school Is that enough American history for you? Ford Foundation, among others, are on of music.” As Creelman was well aware, that In the board room, Horowitz rests his case: board. On this December evening, the pro- was a controversial thing to say in 1893. (If If you want to know America, you had better gram is headed for a test with real students. you want to know how right Dvorˇákwas, know Dvorˇákin America. Meeting with the journalists in the board room, Horowitz is hardly a stereotypical supersalesman. His longish dark hair, white beard, and round eyeglasses give him a rab- binical look. His manner is soft-spoken, almost diffident. But the historical facts pile up, and they are compelling. As most classical music fans know, Dvorˇák is revered in his home country as its musical ambassador to the world, a compos- er as Czech as Tchaikovsky was Russian; Grieg, Norwegian; and Sibelius, Finnish. Unlike those others, his career path brought him, in person, to America. This butcher’s son from the village of

A STRING QUARTET OF PLAYERS FROM THE NEW JERSEYSYMPHONYORCHESTRA(RIGHT)VISITED SCHOOLS AND PLAYED MUSIC BY THE CZECH COM- POSERANTONINDVORˇÁK(TOP)INSPIREDBYTHE WESTERNAMERICANLANDSCAPEANDBY AFRICAN-AMERICANSONGS. WILLIAM MAY J U N E 2 0 0 4 37 orowitz’s effort, designated a video cameras and notebooks, HNational Education Project by determined to document every the NEH, is founded on a piece of sniffle and sneeze of the project American musical bedrock. Last from the first phone call to the year, in a listener poll conducted by last student report card. the New York classical-music station WQXR, Dvorˇák’s Symphony No. 9 in ack in the board room, the E minor (From the New World) was Bcritics listen politely to ranked No. 7 on the all-time favorite Horowitz and jot a few notes. list of classical works, right behind Only Paul Somers, formerly of Beethoven’s Emperor Piano Concerto the Newark Star-Ledger and now and Symphony No. 7 and ahead of editor of the biweekly Classical such perennials as Rachmaninoff’s New Jersey Society Journal, seems Second Piano Concerto and Puccini’s to match Horowitz in missionary opera La Bohème. This year, Chica- zeal, speaking up often with go’s Ravinia Festival selected the questions and anecdotes. New World as the featured work in After an hour, the press moves their “One Score, One Chicago” on—without, amazingly, touch- project, the musical equivalent of ing the sandwiches and vegeta- the citywide book clubs that have bles with dip that had been laid sprung up in many cities. Few would out for them—and another meet- dispute Horowitz’s claim that the ing begins for school teachers, New World is “still the most famous orchestra musicians, and staff. symphonic work ever conceived on Horowitz is moving fast now, American soil.” flipping through a well-thumbed The black- and Indian-influ- spiral notebook and firing ques- enced melodies of the New World are tions around the table, trying to

the background music for the many YALE COLLECTION OF WESTERN AMERICANA, BEINECKE RAREconfirm BOOK AND MANUSCRIPT LIBRARY every detail of the social, political, and biographical school-visits schedule. threads that Joseph Horowitz draws WHILE TOURING THE WESTERN UNITED STATES, DVORˇÁK SAW THIS “I’ve got five visits in each together in his book Dvorˇák in Amer- “INDIAN MEDICINE SHOW,” WHICH OFFERED SONG, DANCE, ACROBAT- school,” he says. “That’s a lot.” ica: In Search of the New World, pub- ICS,ANDMAGICTRICKS.AFRICANAMERICANMUSICIANSWEREOFTEN Three well-known Dvorˇákschol- lished early this year by Cricket INCLUDEDINSUCHSHOWS. ars, Horowitz himself, and a Books. Although billed as a histori- string quartet of NJSO players cal novel for young readers, this illustrated, people who knew Dvorˇákin Iowa; and have all got to meet with the right class at 150-page book depicts well-documented watch video essays on immigration to Amer- the right time. David, the video man from people and events; its main fictional feature ica and how history is written. the NEH, swivels constantly to catch the is some imagined dialogue between the Late last year, after more than two years rapid-fire dialogue on scheduling. Once in a characters. in development, these materials were finally while, somebody tries to squeeze by him and The other cornerstone of the new ready for their test run. (Well, almost; the get a sandwich, stumbling over his cables. Dvorˇákcurriculum is the interactive DVD by DVD was still pretty buggy.) The location: “Sorry,” he says, and tapes that event too. musicologist Robert Winter of the Universi- classrooms, board rooms, auditoriums, and A petite, elderly woman who has been lis- ty of California–Los Angeles and program- concert halls of Newark and its suburbs tening quietly at one end of the table is mer Peter Bogdanoff—a gold mine of let- Maplewood and South Orange. The occa- introduced as Grace Blackwell, the great- ters, newspaper articles, pictures, and music sion: the 100th anniversary of the death of niece of Harry Burleigh. She has some pho- relating to the Dvorˇákstory. Users can lis- Dvorˇák, which was to be commemorated tos of Burleigh as she knew him: a dapper ten to the New World while following the from Jan. 7 to Jan. 24, 2004, by the New Jer- older gentleman in a three-piece suit and score or reading a commentary on what’s sey Symphony Orchestra with a Horowitz- homburg hat, carrying an ivory-tipped walk- happening in the music; take a tour of the planned festival, “The DvorˇákCentenary: ing stick. She confirms that she is available 1893 Columbian Exposition; see views of Inspiring America.” The testers: about 100 to visit the schools herself. The others in the New York City then and now; gaze into the middle and high school students, who room listen respectfully, a little awe-struck American landscape paintings of Frederic would have presentations in their class- to be in the presence of a person directly Church, George Catlin, Frederic Remington, rooms and attend festival events, culminat- connected to one of the book’s historical and others (and also Remington’s illustra- ing in the performance of the New World at characters. tions to The Song of Hiawatha); hear Harry Newark’s New Jersey Performing Arts Center Then, it’s the teachers’ turn. Jay Gavitt, a Burleigh himself singing “Go Down, on Jan. 24. The referees: a team of evaluators graying, no-nonsense type who chairs the Moses”; hear oral history interviews with from the NEH Office in Atlanta, armed with Social Studies Department at Columbia SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 38 High School in Maplewood, lays out an HARRYBURLEIGH(LEFT,WITHHISBROTHERAND ambitious program of research in primary GRANDFATHER, A FORMER SLAVE)BECAME sources on the theme of “exploration, DVORˇÁK’SASSISTANTANDPROVIDEDTHECOMPOS- encounter, exchange” leading to Dvorˇák- related essays, to be entered in the National ERWITHADIRECTLINKTOAFRICANAMERICAN History Day contest in May. SONGSANDSPIRITUALS,MUSICTHATDVORˇÁK Hassan Williams, the humorous, charis- FAMOUSLYSAIDWOULDBECOMETHEBASISOF matic band teacher of Malcolm X Shabazz AMERICA’S NATIONAL MUSIC. High School in Newark, has a more musical project in mind: to have the students con- entry on Schubert in the authoritative New sult a collection of spirituals by Harry Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians—is Burleigh and arrange some of them for Horowitz’s opposite in looks and tempera- band. Williams, who has won regional com- ment: tall and skinny, with wild hair and a petitions with the Shabazz school band and Mephisto beard, he enjoys playing the role dreams of taking it to the Rose Parade some of Professor Dynamic, lovable rogue. He and day, said the job would have to be done Horowitz have a Laurel-and-Hardy relation- right: “We’ll study the words of the song, ship—Winter teasing and exasperating, and discuss what they mean, and then make the Horowitz rising to the bait every time. The arrangement.” 5-minute break stretches to 20, as Winter

This is the cue for the NEH evaluators to shmoozes and trolls the room for more con- HARRY BURLEIGH FAMILY ARCHIVE/JEAN ENGLISH make their appeal. “We want everything you tent for his DVD from the teachers, evalua- Horowitz says, “Robert, start the pro- gram.” “I was amazed at how controversial Winter says, “That’s what I like about Joe; he keeps me on schedule. You know, 10 Dvorˇák’s idea was—that the so-called years of working with Joe on various proj- ects have taught me, among many other Negro music would become the classical things, what a fine composer Dvorˇákreally is, and how little we really know about—” music of America,” Horowitz says. Horowitz: “Come on, Robert!” The show begins. Winter and his co- generate,” says one. “Drafts, notes, lesson tors, even onlookers. Horowitz: “Robert, it’s author Bogdanoff have previously created plans, e-mails, papers, tests, everything.” late....” Winter: “Just a second—almost several commercially successful CD-ROM David the cameraman adds, “And you will done here.” Horowitz: “Robert, please!” programs about classical music, but this one tape all your classes, won’t you?” Eyes roll. As a preamble, Winter says he comes still has bugs. Text appears with nonsense Horowitz declares a short break before from a family of teachers; praises all the characters, and some displays run irretriev- the main event: the special guest, just in teachers present, expressing appreciation ably off the screen. from The Coast, will put his new DVD for their long hours, sacrifices, and dedica- Still, some things work well, such as through its paces. Robert Winter—a world- tion to our nation’s most precious resource; links from a musical analysis to related his- renowned musicologist, author of four and stresses the need for efficient teaching torical material or a follow-the-bouncing- books on Beethoven and of the massive tools on a daily basis. ball trip through the symphony’s score while the music plays. Winter says his 16-year-old daughter loves the program. As if on cue, his cell phone rings. He answers it. “Hello, sweetheart. I can’t talk right now, I’m doing a presentation.” He holds up the phone. “This is my daughter. Everybody say, ‘Hello, Kelly.’” “HELLO, KELLY!” “I’ll call you in an hour, sweetie. Love you. Bye.”

DVORˇÁK SPENT THE SUMMER OF 1893 IN SPILL- VILLE, IOWA (LEFT),WHEREHECOMPOSEDTHE AMERICAN STRINGQUARTET.“IWOULDLIKETO SPEND THE REST OF MY DAYS THERE,” HE CONFID- BILY CLOCKS MUSEUM, SPILLVILLE, IOWA EDTOAFRIENDUPONRETURNINGTONEWYORK. J U N E 2 0 0 4 39 “I came to Dvorˇákthrough Anton Seidl,” New York Times before becoming the concert Horowitz continues. “You remember him program editor of the 92nd Street YM- from the book? He was Dvorˇák’s friend and YWHA, an Upper East Side institution known the conductor of the New York Philhar- for its generous offerings of concerts and monic. He brought good music to as many lectures. people as possible. I wrote a book about him The widely discussed Understanding called Wagner Nights. He’s my hero. Toscanini, Horowitz’s second book (the first “And I liked reading about Creelman, the was a profile of the Chilean pianist Claudio yellow journalist, in Michael Beckerman’s Arrau), put him on the cultural map as a book about Dvorˇák.” Beckerman, a profes- social historian who comes to the subject sor at NYU, sometime intermission lecturer through classical music. His subsequent

WILLIAM MAY on PBS concert telecasts and author of New books, The Ivory Trade: Piano Competitions Worlds of Dvorˇák, is considered this coun- “So interesting”: and the Business of Music and Wagner try’s leading authority on the composer. Nights: An American History, shed still more Horowitz adds, “Mike’s coming here, to the Joseph Horowitz ’70 light on Americans’ collective attitude school, next month.” toward themselves and the arts. A student asks, “Did Mike go to Prague n 1987, Joseph Horowitz was interviewed In 1992, to differentiate itself from himself?” Iabout his book Understanding Toscanini “general” symphony orchestras like the “Oh, Mike’s been to Prague many times.” on the noon talk show of New York’s public New York Philharmonic, the Brooklyn Phil- “Did you go?” radio station WNYC. For almost an hour, harmonic named Horowitz its executive Horowitz grins. “I didn’t do any research Horowitz calmly explained the artistic, director and embarked on five years of a for this book! It’s all based on other books. social, political, and journalistic implica- mini-festival approach to programming, But I did a lot of research for Wagner Nights. tions of the American career of the Italian which, as one critic wrote, “redefines the I went to Seidl’s archives at Columbia Uni- conductor Arturo Toscanini. At the end of symphony orchestra from purveyor of the versity, and I held his diaries and letters in the interview, the show’s host, Leonard canon to community center for music and my own hands. I discovered his handwritten Lopate, blurted out: “I didn’t expect this musical knowledge.” copy of the speech he gave on music at one subject to be so interesting.” After what he calls “five years of fund- of his concerts in Brighton Beach, in Brook- Pianist and author Joe Horowitz has raising, budgeting, marketing, and cost- lyn. That was exciting.” been making classical music “so interesting” cutting—a hands-on education in arts “What was your favorite thing about this at least since he and I used to debate the administration,” Horowitz moved on from book?” asks another student. merits of Beethoven sonata recordings by Brooklyn to advise other orchestras and “My favorite part was writing the dia- Vladimir Horowitz (no relation) while lifting mount festivals for them. He also teaches at logue. My publisher said teachers won’t buy weights in the Lamb-Miller Field House. music conservatories, gives lectures in the fiction. I had to fight for it! Even then, in After Swarthmore, Horowitz earned a mas- United States and abroad, and contributes those scenes in Fleischmann’s Café where ter’s in journalism at the University of Cali- articles to reference works and journals He Dvorˇákand Seidl are talking about music, fornia–Berkeley, then worked for two years has recently completed his magnum opus, they made me simplify the dialogue.” as a general reporter at a small East Bay Classical Music in America: A History of Its Horowitz talks about his choice to use daily. Returning to his native New York, he Rise and Fall, published by Norton in March. the story of Harry Burleigh, the grandson of put in four years as a music critic for The —D.W. former slaves, as a frame for his story of Dvorˇák(“That was hard to write—I think it’s a little dry”), about the different atti- ith its tall tower, 1920s Academic the ubiquitous video man, David. tudes toward race in Boston and New York WGothic architecture and wide hall- Horowitz sits on a table, swinging his during Dvorˇák’s time (worse racism in ways accented with decorative tile, Columbia legs. “Well, you’ve read the book,” he says Boston, even among intellectuals—“it’s High School looks the part of a school you’d softly. “Is there anything you want to ask me mind-boggling!”), and about Dvorˇák‘s move to a New Jersey suburb to send your about it?” happy family life (“He was a good guy”). kids to. In Jay Gavitt’s American History Nobody wants to go first, but finally a Near the end of the 48-minute class, a classroom, there are no neat rows of desks, boy raises his hand. “Why’d you write the boy asks, “Why is it that we have all learned but tables and chairs that can slide into var- book?” he says. about Mozart and Beethoven but were never ious configurations. This afternoon, the 18 “I was amazed at how controversial told about Dvorˇák?” students mostly sit facing the front of the Dvorˇáks idea was—that the so-called Horowitz nearly jumps off the table. room because they’re about to hear from the Negro music would become the classical “That’s a great question! A lot of people in author of the book they just read. About music of America,” Horowitz says. He talks this country just assumed that music was two-thirds of the students are African frankly to the class about the old blackface better in Europe than it was here. When American. A couple of the school’s music minstrel shows and the low opinion most Dvorˇákwanted to encourage Americans to teachers observe from the back, along with white people had of blacks at that time. be themselves, other people were colonizing SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 40 them with Mozart.” ONE STUDENT’S PAPER READ, “DVORˇÁK SAID THAT A little standoffish at first, the students THEBASISOFAMERICANMUSICWOULDBE now seem won over by Horowitz’s warmth AFRICANAMERICANTUNES—AND,INTHISSENSE, and candor. After class, many of them line up at the front of the room to have him RAGTIME,JAZZ,BLUES,ANDHIP-HOPALLORIGI- autograph their books. NATED IN SOME WAY FROM HIS WORK.” THE PROJ- In the hallway afterward, Horowitz is ECT CULMINATED IN A PERFORMANCE OF FROMTHE still elated about the last question. “That NEWWORLD BY THE NEWARK SYMPHONY. was perfect! He really got it. Why haven’t we heard about Dvorˇák!That’s what it’s all about, isn’t it?” chronized with recorded excerpts of the New World. Horowitz says afterward, “Mike has he NJSO’s Dvorˇákfestival is under way. convinced me. I absolutely believe that the THorowitz’s spiral notebook has done its New World is Dvorˇák’sHiawatha symphony.” work, and every event has come off more or Now it’s time for the festival’s climactic less as planned. Prudential Hall, the glitter- concert: Dvorˇák’s late tone poem, The Wood ing horseshoe-shaped auditorium of the Dove, his early Piano Concerto, and finally New Jersey Performing Arts Center, the New World Symphony. Skrowaczewski resounds with a new orchestral program WILLIAM MAY takes enormous liberties with the sympho- every weekend, each centered on one of ny, speeding up and slowing down at will, Dvorˇák’s last three symphonies and juxta- the audience that the prevailing melancholy and taking the already broad slow move- posing his American works with the Prague of the New World has less to do with the ment—Dvorˇákcalled it andante, but Seidl ones he wrote before and after, pointing up national-park grandeur of some of those insisted on adagio—at a glacial pace. But the former’s African and Indian influences. paintings than with the vast emptiness seen hear this, New York or Philly sophisticates The New York press gives the festival in others; Dvorˇák, the visitor from fully-set- who disparage New Jersey as hicksville: At only glancing attention, the New Jersey media little more, but Paul Somers, ever the missionary for classical music in his biweek- A boy asks, “Why is it that we have all ly newsletter, is attending every concert and lecture and writing them up. “The concert learned about Mozart and Beethoven itself had trajectory,” he writes of the Jan. 16 orchestral performance under Vassily but were never told about Dvorˇák?” Sinaisky, which includes Dvorˇák‘s Violin Concerto, “from its watery launch through Horowitz nearly jumps off the table. its spectacularly rising violin flight. What put the concert into unforgettable orbit was tled Europe, wrote that the desolate land- this concert, the audience is sticking with the performance of the Symphony No. 8.” scape around the tiny farm community of Skrowaczewski the whole way, quiet and Not all the performances fully please Spillville impressed him as “very wild ... attentive, in contrast with the foot-shufflers Horowitz, but he is eager to hear the veteran sometimes very sad, sad to despair.” of Lincoln Center or the high-decibel Polish conductor Stanislaw Skrowaczewski Around noon on Saturday, Jay Gavitt’s coughers of the Academy of Music. And lead the NJSO in the New World. “Many of class gathers at Columbia High and piles when, at last, he drives the finale to its fierce the musicians admire Skrowaczewski,” he into an ancient school bus, with rock-hard conclusion, they reward him and the orches- says. “He has the capacity to really inspire seats, for the mercifully short trip from leafy tra with a heartfelt ovation. them.” This is a treat for a part-time band Maplewood to downtown Newark. It’s In the lobby, Joe Horowitz is ecstatic. that must operate in the shadow of more Dvorˇákday, the goal of all their prepara- “What passion! What freedom!” he famous orchestras in New York and tions and visits by experts. In the afternoon, exclaims. “It was Brucknerian!” Philadelphia. the students attend an “Interplay” event in The students are happy, too. The concert The other festival events offer fresh the museum auditorium, consisting of per- is over. They climb into the bus, chattering angles. On the last Friday evening of the formances of Dvorˇák’s American piano and about gym class, boyfriends, the ski trip— festival, in the auditorium of the Newark chamber music; a panel discussion; ques- anything but music. Museum, Tim Barringer, an authority on tions from the audience; and Michael The headline of Paul Somers’ review of American landscape painting from Yale Uni- Beckerman’s rendition of his Hiawatha Melo- the concert will have the last word (for now) versity, interprets a slide show of landscapes drama for speaker and orchestra, in which on Dvorˇák: “A great American, if ever so by Frederic Edwin Church and Albert Bier- he dramatizes such episodes from the poem briefly.” T stadt and Indian portraits by George Catlin. as the “Death of Minnehaha” and “The (Some of the originals can be seen upstairs Hunting of Pau-Puk-Keewis” by chanting David Wright is a music journalist who lives in in that same museum.) Horowitz reminds Longfellow’s lines in tom-tom rhythm, syn- Wellesley, Mass. J U N E 2 0 0 4 41 LO

DISOBEDIENTVE

SAME-SEXCOUPLESSAY,“IDO.” any of America’s greatest three exhilarating weeks, gay and lesbian social movements were suc- couples from around the country raced to By Laura Markowitz ’85 cessful because of a bold act City Hall to marry before the courts shut by an individual. Rosa Parks the doors again. defied segregation and took a Busloads of schoolchildren on field Mseat at the front of the bus. Suffragist trips, tourists from around the world, and Alice Paul, Class of 1905, went on a family and friends of brides and grooms hunger strike in prison to protest the witnessed 3,955 same-sex weddings in unequal treatment of women. And on San Francisco from Feb. 14 to March 11 Valentine's Day 2004, San Francisco and another 2,288 around the country. Mayor Gavin Newsom challenged Following Newsom’s courageous act of California’s ban on same-sex marriage by civil disobedience, officials in Multnomah ordering his administration to issue mar- County, Ore.; New Paltz, N.Y.; Asbury riage licenses to same-sex couples. For Park, N.J.; and Sandoval County, N.M.,

42 AT THEIR SAN FRANCISCO WEDDING, JAMES HARKER ’99 (RIGHT) JAMES HARKER AND PAUL FESTA AND PAUL FESTA (LEFT) ATTRACTED MEDIA ATTENTION. “AS THE CAMERAS ZOOMED didn’t wake up that day thinking I would INONUS,WEWEREFEELINGGOOD,” Ibe getting legally married. It was a cool and sunny afternoon in San Francisco, and HARKERSAID. I met Paul in the Mission District for lunch. “Do you want to get married?” Paul asked. “Sure!” I said automatically, but I gave him a confused look. I had not yet heard the news that Mayor Newsom had ordered the city to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples. Paul brought me up to speed, and then we let the idea sink in over a burrito in Dolores Park. We felt an urgency to run to City Hall right away and do it. What was happening in San Francisco was ground- breaking, and who knew how long it would last? We didn't want to miss our chance. But if we got married today, no friends or family could join us. We decided to go to City Hall and see what the scene was like. City Hall, which is only two blocks from our apartment, was packed with hastily assembled brides and grooms waiting to be married, dressed in their jeans and business suits. It was late afternoon, and Paul and I realized we would have to wait until the next day. I was somewhat thankful because it meant we had an evening to prepare. We went home and called our loved ones and rounded up a small party for the next day, consisting of two friends and Paul’s mother. On Friday morning, Feb. 13, at 7:45 a.m., we walked over to City Hall, expecting to be the first on line. When I saw a crowd, I hesi- tated. Were they protestors? Paul recognized that they were couples waiting to be mar- ried. My first reaction, still, I realized, was to expect people to be against us. But as we joined the line of more than 100 people, my morose thoughts vanished. Everyone was ebullient and cheered as each newly married also began issuing marriage licenses to beginning of a groundswell of main- couple passed the line with their freshly same-sex couples. Newlyweds beamed for stream support to end discrimination minted marriage license. Many, like us, had the television cameras and newspaper against America’s last legally oppressed invited family and friends, had dressed in photographers; the mayor of New Paltz minority group. And that’s what three special clothes, or had brought flowers. was put in jail; lawyers scrambled to file Swarthmoreans hoped when they and Many were with their children—“born out suits on both sides of the issue. their partners took vows to be “spouses of wedlock,” as the day’s joke went. The legal validity of the 6,243 same-sex for life” in the rotunda of San Francisco’s After 2 hours of waiting, we made it to marriages of 2004 are going to be debated stately City Hall. Against the backdrop of the front of the line. During our 5-minute for some time, but whichever way the a mob of delighted supporters, James ceremony, I had the distinct awareness of courts decide, no one can deny that histo- Harker ’99 and his partner, Paul Festa; time passing slowly, the flush on my face, a ry has been made. Like the sit-ins at David Augustine ’96 and his partner, Rob combination of giddiness and embarrass- Southern lunch counters in the 1960s, DePew; and my partner, Mary Kay ment that grew increasingly comfortable. I the same-sex wedding phenomenon start- LeFevour, and I committed our acts of was concentrating hard on Paul's face, trying ed a national debate. Some say it is the love and civil disobedience. to will a vivid memory, and he looked so happy. By 11:30 a.m., we were the 185th MARTIN HOFFMAN J U N E 2 0 0 4 43 The line to obtain a license was long, but “We felt an urgency to run to City Hall right away and there was a feeling of celebration as we wait- ed. I was struck by how many couples with do it. What was happening in San Francisco was ground- children and older couples had come. News cameras panned up and down the line, breaking, and who knew how long it would last?” reporters searching for people who were not from San Francisco, perhaps to rescue the “WEWEREMARRIEDBYMABELTENG,THE story from being only a local-news piece. We ASSESSOR/RECORDER FOR SAN FRANCISCO,” SAYS met our friends Doug and Eric in line. They HARKER(LEFT). “SHE WAS EXTREMELY KIND TO had their adorable 3-month-old twin girls strapped to their chests. I admit, we (some- US,ANDWHENSHEREADTHEWORDSOFTHE what guiltily) tagged along when a sympa- CEREMONY, SHE BECAME SERIOUS AND EARNEST. thetic clerk invited the new fathers to move ITHELPEDUSFOCUSONTHEIMPORTANCEOF to the front. WHAT WE WERE DOING.” After getting our marriage license, we stood in another line in the magnificent loving relationships. Although the political City Hall rotunda, waiting to have our cere- significance of gay men marrying each other mony. It was an incredible scene: a dozen was important to us, I don’t think Paul and I small clusters of people dotted the grand would want to call our marriage wholly staircase under the dome, and applause and rebellious. Neither was it ordinary. Every day hoots periodically erupted as couples were teaches us that our life together is a bit of wed. A group of city employees were busy each. We wouldn’t want it any other way. unloading flowering potted plants on the edges of the staircase. The city recorder, who signs all marriage licenses, paced up and DAVID AUGUSTINE down the line, informing everybody that we same-sex couple to be married in the rotun- AND ROB DEPEW would all be able to get married that day da of San Francisco’s City Hall. because City Hall would stay open as late as For another week, as celebrations contin- ob and I decided to get married a few needed to accommodate everyone. ued, the threat of an injunction made the Rdays after Mayor Newsom’s surprise The day was not without its comical line for marriage licenses swell to unprece- announcement. To my pessimistic mind, the moments. I had invited my mom; when she dented proportions. By Sunday, hundreds issuance of marriage licenses was almost finally found me in the crowd, I was stand- circled City Hall, waiting outside all night in certainly going to be overruled by a judge as ing at the front of the marriage line waiting the rain and hoping to get licenses on Mon- soon as the machinery of the courts could for Rob to bring the completed license. The day morning—before the afternoon hearing be engaged, so Rob and I decided to act fast. that threatened to stop the marriages. We rearranged our work schedules, made a SINCE THE CEREMONY, I HAVEN’T REFERRED TO Since Paul and I live nearby, we made few calls to our families, and showed up at ROB AS MY ‘HUSBAND,’” SAYS AUGUSTINE (LEFT). several trips to City Hall to offer coffee, City Hall at 9 a.m. on Friday morning, Feb. “I STILL CALL HIM ‘PARTNER,’ BUT SINCE WE’RE 13, prepared to take our vows. doughnuts, whiskey, umbrellas, and blan- BOTH LAWYERS, THAT CAN LEAD TO CONFUSION.” kets to those camping out. We talked to peo- I was a wreck—but not in the way you ple of all ages and backgrounds. Paul and I, might think. I was not a nervous groom. at 33 and 26, respectively, were among the Rob and I had already committed to spend- youngest to be married. It was a sad reflec- ing our lives together and had merged our tion on a happy day to realize that many worldly belongings. But I wasn’t certain people in line had lived together for years that the city would act fast enough to get us with little or no recognition or protection of all married before the courts forced them to their relationships. Paul and I, by fortune of stop issuing marriage licenses to same-sex our generation, were able to marry as soon couples. When we arrived, the line was not as we would have wanted to, although our yet out the door, and I was amazed to see marriage might be controversial and legally that City Hall had been transformed into a ambiguous for some time. marriage factory. The 26 days of same-sex weddings were Licenses that usually politically rebellious. Paradoxically, that took 10 days to issue “I held Rob’s hand, and we shared a rebellion took the form of asserting our were printed in min- ordinariness. After all, gays and lesbians utes. Scores of clerks deep smile. It seemed so simple, then, want the same rights as heterosexuals: legal had been deputized to recognition and support for our committed, conduct marriages. so elemental.” SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 44 clerk—demonstrating apparent open-mind- ed hearing rumors from friends in San It was as romantic as applying for a pass- edness (or absent-mindedness)—looked at Francisco that we would need an appoint- port. We took a number, waited to fill out my 70-year-old mother and me, asking us if ment at City Hall to get married, but the forms, and then signed over a check for $88. we were ready to go! phone number to call to make the reserva- I was glad my parents were there, but it sure When it was our turn to be married, I tion kept changing. For two days, I wore out didn’t feel like a wedding day. It felt like a found myself suddenly feeling picky about the keypad on my cell phone trying to get Tuesday morning in a bustling office build- who would perform our ceremony. Doug through to the right place and finally ing. But when the clerk handed over our and Eric had just been married, in front of a reached a friendly clerk in the Mayor’s marriage license, I saw for the first time our gaggle of television cameras, by an officiant Office of Community Relations, who made families officially joined on the page. Her who mispronounced them “husband and our appointment. Relieved, we then had to mother and father, my mother and father, wife and life partners.” Although I was face the really difficult question: What everyone’s birthdays and maiden names. grateful to the scores of young clerks who had volunteered to read couples their vows, I wanted someone more dignified. For- “Later, we could call it an act of political defiance tunately, a silver-haired gay man with a booming voice straight out of Central against a homophobic, heterosexist society, but in that Casting, waved us over. I suddenly felt giddy. Rob and I held hands; the marriage moment, it was all about love.” commissioner proceeded to read our vows. I didn’t know how I’d feel when the should we wear? We decided to bring the moment actually came. I’d been so busy in same clothes we wore to our first wedding. I the rush, armed with a clutch of papers and liked the symmetry. thinking only of the administrative hurdles During the flight to San Francisco, I had in front of us. I hadn’t had much time to a big, goofy smile on my face. Despite our consider that I was about to marry the man protestations that this wedding was about I love. I held Rob’s hand, and we shared a making a political statement, despite the deep smile. It seemed so simple, then, so familiarity of two people who have lived elemental. We told each other that we would together for 16 years, I was thrilled to be love and care for each other for the rest of marrying her again. our lives. We re-exchanged the rings we had My parents arrived with bouquets, cham- just removed and were pronounced partners pagne, and chocolates. All four of us looked LAURAMARKOWITZ(RIGHT) AND MARY KAY for life. We kissed, and then we hugged for a around the airport, wondering where were LEFEVOUR WANTED TO “STAND UP AND BE long moment. We were married. all the brides and grooms we had been see- ing on the news? San Francisco didn’t look COUNTED.”MARKOWITZSAID,“ATOURISTFROM like a city in the throes of an act of mass ARGENTINAASKEDTOTAKEOURPHOTOAFTER LAURA MARKOWITZ AND public disobedience. But the next morning, THISONE,ANDELEMENTARYSCHOOLCHILDREN MARY KAY LEFEVOUR the hotel receptionists cheered when we WATCHED. came downstairs with our flowers, and they week after Valentine’s Day, I called Mary even thanked us for sharing our “special And there we were. The state of California AKay at work and asked her to marry me. day.” Strangers yelled “Congratulations” out declared that we were one big family now. She laughed and asked, “What? Again?” We their car windows as they drove by us. A retired gay teacher was waiting in the had already had a big wedding in 1999, with There was no line, and no crowd at City rotunda to perform our ceremony. He was all of our family and friends gathered around Hall when we arrived. The early injunctions wide-eyed with wonder at all he had seen in us. It took her a minute to realize I meant a to halt our marriages had failed, and so the past few weeks and seemed sincerely legal wedding in San Francisco, and then same-sex weddings had settled into a new happy for us. Mary Kay took my hand, and she said, “Yes!” Even though we live in Tuc- routine. I noted that after 3 weeks of queer my heart started to lift. She looked me deep son, and Arizona does not honor same-sex weddings, the city staff seemed inured to in the eyes and repeated the words, “love, unions, we wanted to go to San Francisco the spectacle of another lesbian couple com- honor, and cherish.” I felt suffused with love and take part in this exciting moment in ing in to be married. I would have felt sad if for her and gratitude for the moment. My history—to stand up and be counted. I had known then that in 2 days, the courts discomfort melted away. I was marrying my We called my parents, who were delight- would stop the city from issuing licenses. beloved, and she was marrying me. Later, we ed with the news. A few minutes after we It was odd to walk through City Hall’s could call it an act of political defiance hung up, my father called back and asked if metal detector in our wedding clothes. Four against a homophobic, heterosexist society, they could come and be our witnesses. We or five couples were waiting for their mar- but in that moment, it was all about love. T were moved by their offer—it’s a long trip riage licenses, and one camera crew was film- from New York to San Francisco. ing the wedding of the guys behind us. I was Laura Markowitz, editor and publisher of In After we made our travel plans, we start- surprised to see a straight couple on line. the Family Magazine, lives in Tucson, Ariz. J U N E 2 0 0 4 45 CONNECTIONS

Boston: The newly rejuvenated Boston tory Bruce Dorsey. Later in the month, April, followed by all-alumni trips to the Connection—under the leadership of alumni toured the Glencairn Museum of Torpedo Factory Art Center in May and a David Wright ’69 and Ted Chan ’02 and Religious History with Professor of Art His- pot-luck picnic in June. Watch your mail for with help from Michele Hacker ’95—is in tory and Art Coordinator Michael Cothren. upcoming events. the process of planning events for alumni Finally, in May, Bruce Gould ’54 If you would like to help organize an in the Boston area. Watch your e-mail and arranged for a trip to the Philadelphia event or have a suggestion for an event, snail mail for upcoming announcements. Museum of Art’s Manet and the Sea exhibi- contact Jacqueline at [email protected] Chicago: Chicago Connection Chair Mar- tion. List Gallery Director Andrea Packard com or Trang at trang_pham2001@- ilee Roberg ’73 is arranging for a tour of the ’85 accompanied the group. yahoo.com. Garfield Park Conservatory in Chicago. Jeff The Philadelphia Young Alumni group New York: Once again, this busy Connec- Jabco, horticultural coordinator of the Scott scheduled two more happy hours in the tion participated in New York Cares Spring Arboretum, will lead this tour. Watch your spring at Tangerine and the Suede Lounge. Clean-Up Day. The NYC Swarthmore Con- mail for an invitation. Watch your e-mail for upcoming happy- nection joined 3,500 caring New Yorkers to hour locations and dates. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Connection revitalize parks and community gardens, Chair Jim Moskowitz ’88 arranged interest- Metro DC/Baltimore: New Connection social service agencies, and public schools ing activities this spring. More than 30 Chairs Jacqueline Morais Easley ’96 and throughout NYC. alumni, family, and friends visited the Trang Pham ’01 are off to a great start this Many thanks to Jennifer Hayoun ’97 and National Constitution Center in April, spring with activities for the DC Connec- Keith Pieck ’97 for arranging a young alum- accompanied by Associate Professor of His- tion. Young alumni had a happy hour in ni happy hour in New York in April. Alumni Relations Office Moving to Sproul Observatory Building

HE RENOVATION OF PARRISH HALL Tbegan in earnest at the end of the spring semester (see article on page 14). As part of the renovation project, Swarth- more will have its first Alumni House. The staff of the Alumni Relations Office, along with colleagues in the Publi- cations and News and Information offices, will relocate to the Sproul Obser- vatory Building. These staff members will join the Alumni and Gift Records Office, which is already located in Sproul. The building will house a library with archives of old yearbooks and alumni magazines. A new entrance will include a patio space for small gatherings. According to the current schedule, the Alumni Relations Office will be relocating to its new home by summer’s end. So, if ʼ 84 you are looking for us, please visit our new digs on the first floor of Sproul. We’ll have a housewarming during PHILIP STERN Alumni Weekend 2005—and we look THE ALUMNI RELATIONS OFFICE, HUB OF ACTIVITY DURING ALUMNI WEEKEND AND NUMEROUS OTHER CAM- forward to celebrating our new location PUS EVENTS, WILL RELOCATE THIS SUMMER TO THE SPROUL OBSERVATORY BUILDING. THE OLDEST SECTION with you then. OFTHEBUILDING(RIGHT) WAS THE FIRST COLLEGE PRESIDENT’S HOUSE. MOST RECENTLY, THE BUILDING —Lisa Lee ’81 HOUSED THE COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT, WHICH MOVED IN JUNE TO THE NEW SCIENCE CENTER. Director of Alumni Relations SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 46 The Faces of Alumni Council WILL BROOKS

wice a year, the Alumni Council con- LEFT TO RIGHT, STANDING: LISA JENKINS ’02, MARCIA SATTERTHWAITE ’71, DAVID VINJAMURI ’86, venes on campus for a weekend of COLETTE MULL ’84, PAUL BOOTH ’64, MICHAEL DREYER ’84, ANN STUART ’65, DAVID WRIGHT ’69, G. Twork on ever-changing issues. Council STEPHEN LLOYD ’57, GEE GEE ROBINSON ’50, JANE LATTES-SWISLOCKI ’57; SITTING: MARTHALOUISE members come from near and far to share SPANNINGER ’76, MINNA NEWMAN NATHANSON ’57, VINCENT JONES ’98, MEGHAN TAYLOR KRIEGEL ’97, their expertise and opinions with the College. DOUGLAS THOMPSON ’62, SUSAN SCHULTZ TAPSCOTT ’72, KEITH BENTRUP ’01 (NONCOUNCIL MEMBER). Council members are elected for three- year terms, during which they represent alumni in given geographic areas. The work HONORARY DEGREE of the council is broken into three areas: the NOMINATIONS SOUGHT • Preference (but not a requirement) for Alumni Support Working Group works on WOULD YOU LIKE TO NOMINATE SOMEONE TO individuals who have an existing affiliation issues that directly affect alumni such as receive an honorary degree from Swarth- with or some connection to Swarthmore Connections; the Student Support Working more? We’dlike to have your recommenda- In addition, the committee seeks to Group focuses on providing alumni support tions of individuals who might join illus- balance choices over the years from a to students through programs such as the trious past award recipients such as astro- variety of categories such as careers, gen- Externship Program, and the College Adviso- biologist and public policy analyst Christo- der, academic discipline, race, ethnicity, ry Support Working Group reviews College pher Chyba ’82; former head of the U.N. and public service. policies and practices related to alumni. Humanitarian Program in Iraq Denis Hall- If you know a worthy candidate, Each council member brings his or her iday; bioethicist and civil rights advocate please submit background information, special brand of Swarthmore experience to Adrienne Asch ’69; and Josef Joffe ’65, including your own reasons for choosing the council, making the group vibrant and publisher and editor of Die Zeit. this individual, by Friday, Oct. 1, to the driven to produce meaningful results. The Honorary Degree Committee used Honorary Degree Committee, Vice Presi- The work of Council does not end after these criteria in choosing recipients: dent’s Office, Swarthmore College, 500 the weekend does. Members continue work- • Distinction, leadership, or originali- College Avenue, Swarthmore PA 19081- ing on projects throughout the year and, in ty in significant human endeavor 1390; or e-mail Vice President Maurice many cases, long after the council term ends. • Someone in the ascent or at the Eldridge ’61 at [email protected] The College is grateful to Alumni Council peak of distinction, with a preference to edu. members—past and present—and looks for- the less honored over those who have All nominations are confidential; ward to our continuing partnership. received multiple degrees please do not inform the nominee. The —Patricia Maloney • Ability to serve as a role model for sen- committee will forward its recommenda- Assistant Director of Alumni Relations iors, speaking to them at Commencement tions to the faculty in mid-November. J U N E 2 0 0 4 47 48 SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN

CLAIRE SAWYERS C L A S S etn t nitn hti ewa tral uh obe." to ought really it what be it world, that the insisting with it, arguments testing encourages It utmost. tool, its amazing to that mind, work the alike faculty and living. students to that approaches insists humane It most the for reach to inspires people tradition diverse Quaker the where place a is “Swarthmore t h e

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h E m o S r e hi ig'68 King —Chris struck by what she found: “I discovered two PROFILE things: One was how little music education there was in the schools. It was appalling. The other thing I noticed was how very responsive the students were to learning Marschak’s Opus about music. It seemed to me that maybe this might be the time to see if we could DOROTHY MARSCHAK ’51 HELPS mobilize the community to create some kind BRINGBETTERMUSICEDUCATION of volunteer support for school music pro- TODCSCHOOLCHILDREN. grams.” A pianist since the age of 7,Marschak loves to play chamber music and says music eborah Renée Marschak was born in is a key component of a full and balanced DParis in 1958, and her mother, Dorothy life: “First of all, it just belongs in education. Marschak, says she never let anyone forget It’sa basic part of every culture, and people it: “Her siblings were born in Oakland, and who aren’t exposed to it are missing a part of she used to lord it over them.” Inheriting themselves.” Aside from the well-established some of her birth nation’sreputation for scientific links between music and academic high culture, Deborah Renée was a talented performance and the self-esteem benefits young musician, a piano and violin player associated with learning musical skills, who loved to write and dance. music is valuable in and of itself, Marschak

The death of Deborah Renée in an acci- COURTESYOFDOROTHYMARSCHAKinsists. dent in 1968 sent Marschak on a dizzying “Music is a mode of communication that detour from academia to a life of community ASTHEORGANIZEROFCHIME,MARSCHAK,WHO speaks directly to the emotions,” she says. service. Now the founder, president, and BELIEVES THAT MUSIC PROMOTES LEARNING, “It also promotes learning. How many organizer of CHIME (Community Help in HEADS A VARIETY OF INITIATIVES. THESE poems do you know by heart? Probably not Music Education), Marschak’sambition to INCLUDEASERIESOFFREECULTURALMUSICPER- many. But you probably know hundreds of improve the quality of music education in FORMANCESHELDINWASHINGTON,D.C.,PUBLIC songs.” the inner city of Washington, D.C., is just Projects initiated by CHIME include vol- LIBRARIES.ONEOFTHEPROJECTS,THEEDUCA- the most recent of many expressions of her unteer music instruction in the schools and long-standing commitment to community TIONALPERFORMANCESERIES“MUSICAROUND after-school programs; instrument donation welfare. THEWORLD”HASBEENMOVEDANDNOWBRINGS drives; a Music Around the World educa- “The original CHIME started in Berke- MULTICULTURAL CONCERTS DIRECTLY INTO THE tional performance series that brings multi- ley, California,” Marschak says of a smaller- PUBLICSCHOOLS. cultural concerts directly into DC public scale music education effort she spearhead- schools; professional teacher training work- ed in the late 1960s in the aftermath of her shops on incorporating music instruction daughter’sdeath. “It was a memorial to her, into the curriculum using recorders and and, in some ways, what I’m doing now, in concerning the impact of the Green Revolu- other simple instruments; and an advocacy my mind at least, still is.” tion. campaign to require music education in the In Berkeley, Marschak organized a group With her community ethos unaffected by curriculum. of musicians to provide volunteer instruc- the move, Marschak became involved in a At the present time, Marschak devotes tion. Her own involvement with the effort variety of projects before forming the Wash- more than 40 hours a week to organizing lasted only a year because she was unable to ington, D.C., version of CHIME. She direct- CHIME’smany initiatives because the secure lasting funding. Yet, her interest in ed a reading and writing project at a home- organization has no paid staff members— her career teaching statistics was starting to less clinic, initiated a social studies program this is a primary goal of current fund-raising dwindle with respect to her growing sense of for adults who were seeking to obtain their efforts. She longs to be able to devote more civic responsibility. She attributes this devel- GEDs, ran a singing and reading program time to the many other causes she has been opment to her daughter’sdeath as well as for the chronically mentally ill, and tutored involved with since she was first stirred to the Zen explorations she undertook in its children in the schools. service. “Even in terms of my social involve- aftermath. While serving as a docent for the Nation- ment, I’dlike to broaden right now,” Always more interested in helping her al Symphony in 1995, Marschak revived her Marschak says. She hopes that CHIME will students curb math anxiety than in academ- passion for the community issue that has soon have the finances to enable her to turn ic research, Marschak remained engaged in absorbed her life now for more than seven the daily administrative duties over to a suc- Berkeley community issues until 1984, when years. cessor. an emerging interest in Third World devel- In the course of visits to poorer inner-city “Oh, yes, there is always too much to do,” opment brought her to Washington, D.C., to schools to prepare the students for a free she says with a laugh. coordinate an international research project field trip to the symphony, Marschak was —Elizabeth Redden ’05 J U N E 2 0 0 4 59 PROFILE

The Meaning of Retirement

ROGER YOUMAN ’53 OFFERS PRO-BONOEDITORIAL ADVICE—ANDEDITSA BOOKFORSWARTHMORE.

hen I retired in 1996, after imper- sonating a magazine editor for 40 Wyears, I announced that I was going to give myself some time to figure out how retirement works,” says Roger Youman. “I’m still trying to figure it out.” It’snot as though he’ssitting in a rocker, ELEFTHERIOS KOSTANS pondering what to do with his golden years. ROGERYOUMANVOLUNTEEREDTOEDITTHEBOOK THEMEANINGOFSWARTHMORE.IT’SONEOFMANY “For me,” he says, “retirement means hop- POSTRETIREMENTPROJECTSFORTHEFORMEREDITOROF TVGUIDE. ping from one project to the next—doing some writing, editing, consulting, and Youman did more than “impersonate” a Retirement isn’t all work, says Youman: teaching (currently as an adjunct professor magazine editor. After military service from “None of my volunteer projects or pleasures at the Columbia School of Journalism), but 1953 to 1955, he took a job with a magazine can compare with the joys of being with our mostly providing pro-bono editorial services he says he had “never read”—a fledgling four children—who have managed to to the nonprofit world.” publication about a new medium: TV Guide. become exemplary citizens despite the lack Among the beneficiaries of his expertise And, as many editors know, this little weekly of a Swarthmore education—and seven have been HIAS and Council Migration became the most successful (and profitable) grandchildren.” Youman and his wife, who Service of Philadelphia, which provides magazine in history. is director of the Information and Referral resettlement services to refugees; the Com- “Television was the universal entertain- Service at the Jewish Federation of Greater munity Violence Prevention Network of ment,” he says of TV Guide’s heyday. “We Philadelphia, travel as much as possible, Chester County; the Executive Service Corps catered to the intense interest in both the returning often to Italy, with which they fell of the Delaware Valley, which helps nonprof- programs on TV and how they were pro- in love during daughter Laura’sfive years of its with management, marketing, and fund- duced. At the time, newspapers looked down living there. His self-published Tuscan Notes: raising; and his alma mater, for which he their noses at TV and didn’t write much An Opinionated Guide for Travelers to Florence, volunteered to edit the recently published about it. That was helpful—we had no com- Tuscany, and Umbria is invaluable for visitors. book The Meaning of Swarthmore. (Swarth- petition.” Of Swarthmore, he says: “During my vis- more is also alma mater to his wife, Lillian At TV Guide, Youman says: “We worked its to campus, I rejoice at seeing what the “Lily Ann” Frank Youman ’57.) to make the magazine better than the sub- College and its student body have become. When the idea for the book came along ject it covered. We hired the best writers, The whole world is represented there now, in 2001—and after Mark Pattis ’75 and The illustrators, and photographers.” Although in all of its glorious diversity. I have gotten Pattis Family Foundation offered to under- he says publisher Walter Annenberg ran the to know some of these kids and, in this grim write the project—it took Youman and the magazine as “an autocracy,” it was still “a time when human rights and democratic Publications Office staff about 18 months to place where people were happy to work. values are being undermined in the name of prepare the final manuscript for printing. Many stayed for a long time.” Youman antiterrorism, they give me hope for the “This project gave me a lot of satisfac- worked four decades there, rising from a future.” tion,” he says. “I’ve enjoyed helping the Col- program editor to regional editor in Hous- —Jeffrey Lott lege—and especially the contact I’ve had ton and Memphis, Tenn.,and up the ladder with a lot of interesting people.” The book’s through managing editor to the top posi- To read essays from The Meaning of Swarth- 48 alumni essayists span nearly seven tion, co-editor, which he held from 1981 to more book, visit http://www.swarthmore.- decades at the College, from the Classes of 1990. He retired in 1996, seven years after edu/news/meaning/index.html. Alumni wishing 1933 to 1996. the magazine was sold to Rupert Murdoch’s a copy of Youman’s Tuscany guide may In a 40-year career with TV Guide, News Corp. e-mail him at [email protected]. J U N E 2 0 0 4 61 BOOKS&ARTS

Sex, Lies, and Independent Film Peter Biskind ’62, Down and Dirty Pictures: Miramax, Sundance, and the Rise of Independent Film, Simon & Schuster, 2004

ndependent film is a baggy category, sig- Inifying everything from slickly engi- neered Oscar-bait like Shakespeare in Love (2001) to short experimental films and social-issue documentaries that are lucky to get an airdate on PBS affiliates. The concept is used as much to market films as “edgy” as to describe their makers’ autonomy from studio formulas and funds. The 1990s was the decade of the so-called indies. Every moment of this bumpy ride—from the debut of Steven Soderbergh’s sex, lies, and

videotape at Robert Redford’s U.S. (later Sun- PHOTOFEST dance) Film Festival in Park City, Utah, in 1989 to Quentin Tarantino’s 1994 Pulp Fic- STEVENSODERBERGH’S SEX, LIES, AND VIDEOTAPE films were marketed, especially after an tion with its unprecedented $100 million KICKEDOFFADECADEOFINDEPENDENTFILMS. influx of cash from Disney, which bought gross to the 2002 controversy over the THEENSEMBLECASTINCLUDED(FROMLEFT) the company in 1993. In the words of one Academy’s attempt to ban “screeners” (the PETERGALLAGHER,LAURASANGIACOMO,ANDIE insider, “Harvey molded art film into smart DVDs sent out to Oscar voters that consti- film.” But their success formula came at a tute independent filmmakers’ only shot at MCDOWELL, AND JAMES SPADER. high price—the co-chairman’s meddling having their films noticed) is chronicled in with films he’d acquired and bullying their Peter Biskind’s juicy new book. Down and directors earned him the nickname Harvey Dirty Pictures is a follow-up of sorts to Ultimately, Biskind’s taste, Scissorhands, and creative accounting and Biskind’s acclaimed and riveting Easy Riders, physical threats against filmmakers and Raging Bulls, which tells the story of how, as politics, and even tact staffers left a trail of tears that Biskind the subtitle has it, “the sex-drugs-and rock enthusiastically follows. Meanwhile, Bob ’n’ roll generation saved Hollywood.” The make this gossipy journey Weinstein’s Dimension division locked into movie mavericks it glorifies—“film school a money-making formula with the Scream brats” like Francis Ford Coppola, Martin much more substantial franchise and never looked back. Scorsese, and Brian De Palma—were Back in the day, Soderbergh’s success weaned on Hollywood genre and European than a guilty pleasure. with sex, lies, and videotape, produced by art films and made “auteur theory” as Amer- Bobby Newmyer ’78 and released by Mira- ican as apple pie in films that spoke a new Premiere, a contributing editor at Vanity Fair, max, encouraged young filmmakers to language to new audiences. Down and Dirty and the author of a book on 1950s Holly- dream of going west—not to Hollywood but Pictures tells a less heroic narrative. Its wood as well—one emerges feeling relatively to Utah, where the festival and filmmaking antagonistic main characters are a pair of unashamed of one’s prurience, if disap- labs sponsored by Redford’s Sundance Insti- bad-tempered, foul-mouthed brothers from pointed by the smudged face cinema pres- tute arose in opposition to the studio model. Queens, Harvey and Bob Weinstein, who ents at the dawn of its second century. Redford remains a remote, inscrutable pres- cooperated with Biskind on the book, and The Weinstein brothers’ distribution ence in Biskind’s book and is, in fact, Redford, the Golden Boy of ’70s Hollywood, company, Miramax, is probably best known described as a remote, fickle presence by the Sundance Kid himself, who didn’t. Dirt for its vigorous and, until last year, fruitful most of the many associates whom Biskind is dished by the truckload, but because of Oscar campaigns for such “small” films as does interview. Far from the benevolent the author’s insight into the art, history, and My Left Foot, The English Patient, and Chicago. father of indie film, Redford comes off as business of film—he’s a former editor of Miramax changed the way independent arrogant, moody, and a poor manager, not as SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 66 assured in his taste as the Weinsteins but Flow,” “Multiyear Projections and Valua- Peter Friedman, not above taking over young filmmakers’ tion,” and “Top-Down Analysis.” author of the projects either. The downside of the book’s Peter Friedman ’58, Ideal Marriage, The novel Ideal Mar- focus on the institutions that fostered the Permanent Press, 2004. Like many 1950s riage, graduated independent film movement is that the teenagers fascinated by the book Ideal Mar- from Harvard abundance of articulate, passionate film- riage, written by the Dutch gynecologist Law school, makers who put themselves and their visions Theodoor Hendrik Van de Velde and trans- studied East out there are heard sounding mostly sour lated into more than 40 languages, Fried- German law on a notes. Soderbergh himself, who tangled man explores a boy’s journey into manhood. Fulbright grant, with Weinstein and Redford and followed and was counsel his auspicious debut with a series of flops, Heather Goff, “Poison in My Coffee,”in to former New does come out a winner, with a string of Kevin Takakuwa, Nick Rubashkin, and York City mayor critical and popular successes as Karen Herzig (eds.), What I Learned in Med- Robert Wagner writer/director and a growing list of produc- ical School: Personal Stories of Young Doctors, in the New York State Constitutional Conven- er credits on a new crop of noteworthy University of California Press, 2004. In this tion. His fiction, articles, and humor have independents. collection of medical students’ stories, Goff appeared in Harper’s, Redbook, Cosmopolitan, Ultimately, Biskind’s taste, politics, and introduces her tale about obsessive-compul- Saturday Review, and many newspapers. even tact make this gossipy journey much sive disorder with, “It all started shortly more substantial than a guilty pleasure. after college, when I began believing that my coffee was poisoned.” Frank Ackerman, Knowledgeable about such predecessors as co-author with Jean-Luc Godard and John Cassavetes, who Jeffrey Hart ’69, Technology, Television and Lisa Heinzerling inform the spirit and the formal visions of Competition: The Politics of Digital TV, Cam- of Priceless, is indie filmmakers, he sticks to his story: The bridge University Press, 2004. Focusing on an economist at film school brats of the 1970s made movies how nationalism and regionalism com- the Global Devel- the video store brats of the 1990s—benefi- bined with digitalism to produce three dif- opment and ciaries of the democraticization of the medi- ferent DTV standards, this book adds to our Environment um—might never match. understanding of relations between busi- Institute at Tufts —Patricia White ness and government and competition University, the Associate professor of English literature among the world’s great economic powers. author of Why and film studies Stephen Henighan ’84, The Streets of Win- Do We Recycle?, ter, Thistledown Press, 2004. This novel and contributing about life in modern urban Canada, filled author to the 2001 Report of the Intergovern- Other Books with Montreal’s cultural details, explores mental Panel on Climate Change. He has the opportunity to reinvent oneself. served as a consultant to the Environmental Frank Ackerman ’67 and Lisa Heinzer- Jeffrey Miron ’79, Drug War Crimes: The Protection Agency, state agencies, and envi- ling, Priceless: On Knowing the Price of Every- ronmental groups. thing and the Value of Nothing, The New Consequences of Prohibition, The Indepen- Press, 2004. Debunking cost-benefit analy- dent Institute, 2004. Examining the alter- sis and related economic theories, this book natives to drug prohibition, the author—a Stephen challenges the Bush administration’s professor of economics at Boston Universi- Henighan, approach to health, environmental protec- ty—analyzes the costs, benefits, and conse- author of the tion, and conservation. quences of the Drug War. novel The Streets of Win- Jennifer Patrick ’88, The Night She Died, Nell Duke ’93 and Susan Bennett-Armis- ter, has also Soho Press, 2004. In this novel, a small- tead, Reading & Writing Informational Text in written When town murder in Georgia will particularly the Primary Grades: Research-Based Practices, Words Deny the resonate with readers who have struggled to Scholastic, 2003. Based on their work in the World, The survive difficult personal experiences. Early Literacy Project, the authors offer Places Where classroom-tested strategies for helping chil- Dorothy Espelage and Susan Swearer '87 Names Vanish, dren become creators and wise consumers (eds.), Bullying in American Schools: A Social- and Nights in of informational text. Ecological Perspective on Prevention and Inter- the Yungas. Phillip Daves, Michael Ehrhardt ’77, and vention, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Henighan teaches Spanish American Litera- Ronald Shrieves, Corporate Valuation: A 2004. This edited volume of 17 chapters by ture in the School of Languages and Litera- Guide for Managers and Investors, South- leading researchers across the United States tures at the University of Guelph in Ontario, Western/Thomson Corp., 2004. Divided on bullying and victimization in school- Canada. His work has been published in eight into four parts, this book includes chapters aged youth reflects a social-ecological per- countries. on “Financial Statements and Free Cash spective on this ubiquitous phenomenon. J U N E 2 0 0 4 67 PROFILE

Hearts and Minds

D.D. SMITH HILKE ’73 WILL BRING ACHILD’S-EYEVIEWTOSALTLAKE CITY’SNEWMUSEUM.

.D. Smith Hilke still feels the awe of Dstumbling across the Rosetta Stone in the British Museum in London: “I had touched something real that there’sonly one of in the universe.” Yet long before her doctorate in the psy- chology of language had sensitized her to the sanctity of such an object—when she was a little girl in Philadelphia wandering wide-eyed through the Franklin Institute—

Hilke experienced her first museum shocker. UTAH BUSINESS The surprise has carried meaning for her life’swork. “I was about 5, and I walked through the

heart—and I have never forgotten it,” Hilke ©LANCE CLAYTON/ says. The Franklin Institute’sgiant human heart exhibit, complete with stairs linking HILKEHELPEDBUILDPUBLICSUPPORTINSALTLAKECITYFORALARGERCHILDREN'SMUSEUM.AROUND the chambers, has thumped thunderously in THE COUNTRY, CITIES HAVE BUILT THESE FAMILY-ORIENTED ATTRACTIONS AS CENTERPIECES TO the ears and imaginations of generations of DOWNTOWN REVITALIZATION EFFORTS. visitors. “I remember thinking, ‘I bet my heart doesn’t have stairs!’’’ $15 million in bonds to pay for a new build- and into experiences that are hard to find As executive director of the Children’s ing to replace the small discovery center that today,” she says. Museum of Utah, Hilke cherishes institu- serves the region after county voters had Not only do parents feel uncomfortable tions that satisfy an adult’sreverence for cul- approved the bond sale by a wide margin. today letting their children roam, but tech- tural treasures and especially those that The first phase of the total $34.5 million nology entices children away from hands-on indulge a child’surge to plunge right into an project is to be finished in fall 2006, with play, and families find they have few hours to exhibit and experience it bodily. “The way the full 75,000-square-foot facility to be have fun together. And when they do have a children learn naturally is exploration and complete a year later. special day together or when they’re visiting play,” Hilke says. The popularity of such museums in cities a new city—violà!—the museum beckons. The Franklin Institute’sheart excites the large and small—the 2002 Winter Olympics While planning the children’smuseum senses as it promotes spatial perception— delayed Salt Lake City’sboarding the band- for Salt Lake City—where she lives with her methods of learning that modern children’s wagon—can be explained by the huge cul- husband, John ’73—or while spending time museums employ with phenomenal success tural shifts of the past several decades, Hilke with her 2 1⁄2-year-old granddaughter, Hilke today: The Association of Children’sMuse- notes. carries in her mind another childhood ums calls these family meccas the fastest- “Children aren’t just out there roaming museum memory. The recollection is some- growing type of cultural institution in Amer- around in the woods across the street,” says thing of a cautionary tale for her profession ica, with an estimated 250 to 300 nation- Hilke, formerly a visitor advocate for the and a reminder of how museums can leave wide and another 80 cities planning ones of Smithsonian Institution. “I mean, they’re lasting impressions on a child. Hilke remem- their own. Since 1990, the association says, being carted in their car across asphalt to bers eagerly approaching a glass case that 100 children’smuseums have opened. their program, and these programs are fine- held a model of a boat with a big paddle Salt Lake City is among those with chil- tuned to one age group. Or they’re sitting in wheel. On a button was the tantalizing word dren’smuseums on the drawing board, with front of a computer, and they’re living more Press. Hilke in the vanguard of the effort. Last virtually. “What a children’smuseum really “It didn’t work.” March, the County Council agreed to issue does is allow the kid out into the community —Colleen Gallagher SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 72 INMYLIFE A Sequence of miscalculations

ORHOWTOSUCCEEDINBUSINESSBY LEARNINGTHEHARDWAY

By Arnold Kling ’75

MY CAREER AS AN ENTREPRENEUR BEGAN as I approached my 40th birthday. You might say that for my midlife crisis, instead of going for a sports car and a younger woman, I chose to quit my job at mortgage giant Freddie Mac to start an Internet business. This was in April 1994. Although, five years later, it seemed that almost everyone was thinking about starting an Internet business, when I founded Homefair.com, the World Wide Web consisted of only about 1,000 sites, and most of those were maintained by uni- versities. This was well before Amazon or eBay or Google. I had no business plan. I had never heard of the “elevator pitch,” which is a short speech that an entrepreneur is supposed to give to a

venture capitalist. In fact, it never occurred to me to seek funding for CURTIS PARKER/CORBIS the business. “INEGLECTEDTOASKTWOQUESTIONSTHATWOULDHAVEOCCURREDTO The idea of Homefair was to bring mortgage and real estate ANYONE WHO HAD ATTENDED BUSINESS SCHOOL: WHAT SORTS OF CON- information to the Web. I thought that those industries, with their quaint business practices and high fees, were ripe for disintermedia- SUMERSWEREUSINGTHEWEB?WHATSORTSOFBUSINESSESWEREMAKING tion. I would never have guessed that 10 years later most home buy- MONEY ON THE INTERNET?” KLING SAYS IN RETROSPECT. ers would still be using real estate agents and mortgage brokers. I neglected to ask two questions that would have occurred to banner ads. Micropayments are transactions in small amounts, such anyone who had attended business school: What sorts of consumers as paying a few pennies to download an article. I thought that this were using the Web? What sorts of businesses were making money would be a successful model. I thought that banner ads were a stu- on the Internet? pid idea and that they would be the least effective way to fund Had I asked those questions, I would have discovered that of the Internet content. Today, most content sites seem to be supported by 20 million Internet users in 1994, only about 500,000 had soft- advertising, and micropayments are rare. ware for browsing the Web. The rest were using e-mail as well as After Homefair’s first year, I was quite depressed. My accountant text-based information services that have since been superseded. I told me that the business in which I had sunk about $50,000 (in personally could not figure out how to install the software needed addition to the “opportunity cost” of leaving my job) was now for Web access in those days. It took an evening visit from the worth about $20,000. The only reason that I did not abandon founder of my Internet service provider to get me set up. Homefair was that my wife counseled me to keep going. In 2002, Even worse than the low numbers was the fact that most Web when I participated in Swarthmore’s Lax Conference on Entrepre- surfers were still in college. As Jay Minkoff, a publisher of New neurship (see “A Profitable Education” in this issue), someone Homes Guides in the Philadelphia area, put it, “What you’ve got is an asked where an entrepreneur should seek high-quality professional apartment market.” advice. My response was, “Your spouse.” The businesses that were making money on the Internet, at the I worried that America Online (AOL), which had the user base time, were providing connectivity and consulting services. Nobody with the demographic characteristics that Homefair needed, might had figured out how to make money by providing information on never choose to give its customers Web access because that would the Web, which is what I was attempting to do. devalue AOL’s own proprietary content areas. However, in August I misjudged the money-making potential of micropayments and 1995, AOL did offer Web browsing; instead of hurting itself, this SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN 74 Someone asked where an entrepreneur should seek high-quality professional advice. My response was, “Your spouse.” launched AOL on a huge growth spurt. other hand, we did suggest that our parent company purchase a site Summer 1995 was a turning point in other ways as well. I made a called www.theschoolreport.com (now www.homefair.com/- cold call to Rich Ganley, the owner of a small relocation service busi- sr_home.html), which offered school information in different ness in Scottsdale, Ariz. They had developed for more than 300 cities and used business models that were similar to ours. I thought cities the Cost of Living Report, a sheet of useful information for that the similarity of our two businesses would mean that integra- employees considering relocation. Ganley said that he would gladly tion of our software would be easy. Instead, rewriting their software fax people free cost-of-living reports in order to obtain their contact to make it work with ours wound up costing much more than devel- information to solicit their relocation business. oping their software in the first place. Faxing the reports was a disaster. It was time-consuming for Back in 1995, when Netscape became the first Internet company Ganley’s company, and the relocation leads were not particularly to sell stock to the public, I thought that the Internet frenzy on Wall helpful to Ganley’s business. Street would be over in a year or two. However, in 1999, the dot-com Fortunately, we came up with a better approach. We changed the mania was still in full swing. When one of our competitors, paper-based Cost of Living Report to an interactive “salary calculator” www.homestore.com, went public, we decided that it would be bet- that allowed you to adjust job offers in various cities for differences ter to join them than to try to beat them. They bought our family of in the cost of living. We then created a more sophisticated way to companies (Homefair, TheSchoolReport, and Ganley’s relocation connect consumers to real estate agents and other service providers. company) for $85 million in cash and stock. My share of the total Ganley and I formed a partnership. Impressed by my Ph.D., he was quite diluted by this point, but a couple percentages of $85 mil- nicknamed me “Doc.” He had only a high school equivalency diplo- lion is still real money, particularly considering the sequence of mis- ma, but he had the combination of drive and charm that makes a takes, miscalculations, misjudgments, and erroneous forecasts that great salesman. led to it. My role in the partnership was to maintain the Web site. I chose Since 1999, I have drifted back toward my academic roots. I teach Netscape’s server software, which I expected would make it easier to math part time on a volunteer basis at a local private high school. I develop the sort of interactive applications that were successful for write essays for a Web journal called www.techcentralstation.com, us. The good news is that the applications were easy to develop. The and I maintain an economics-focused Weblog at http://econ- bad news is that the server was a bug-ridden nightmare, which log.econlib.org. crashed whenever it became heavily taxed. Soon, Homefair was I published a book, Under the Radar, about Internet businesses going down every few minutes. It took several agonizing weeks to operating without venture capital. I am working on another book, convert our Web site to a more stable environment. tentatively called Learning Economics, which is an introduction to In 1997,after Homefair had been profitable for more than a year, economics that shifts the emphasis from how an economy allocates we were bought by Central to how an economy learns. My own experience with trial-and-error Newspapers, Arizona’s largest learning as an entrepreneur influenced me to adopt this perspective. newspaper chain. In what is It was because I made the “mistake” of jumping into the Internet called an “earn-out” arrange- arena too soon that I was able to learn enough to neutralize later ment, the terms of sale would competitors who came in with more money and business competence. be determined by our profits By 1998 and 1999, the Homefair partners could laugh at new rivals over the next three years. who were attempting tactics that we had discarded years earlier. Central Newspapers was After my appearance at the Lax Conference, I joked that dis- seeking to expand its Internet cussing business with Swarthmore students is like trying to talk properties. We looked at about death with teenagers. They know it’s out there, but they prefer www.mapquest.com, which was not to think about it. in trouble at the time, but But if you love to learn, then business can be a challenging and decided that the price tag of $30 educational experience. And if you want to have good luck in busi- million was too much. About a ness, it pays to be eager to learn. T year later, MapQuest was sold for $1 billion to AOL. On the Arnold Kling lives in Silver Spring, Md. J U N E 2 0 0 4 75 PROFILE

Lunch at 11 o’clock, Mars Time COMPUTERSCIENTISTJOAN DIFFERDING WALTON ’85 HELPS UNRAVELTHEMYSTERIESOFMARS.

amed after the Roman god of war and Nsource of inspiration for a sinister musi- COURTESY OF JOAN WALTON cal composition by Gustav Holst, the myste- WALTON AND STEVE SQUYRES, PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR ON THE MARS EXPLORATION ROVERS MISSION rious “red planet” has begun to reveal its AND A PROFESSOR OF ASTRONOMY AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY, LOOK AT THE CIP LOG-IN WINDOW IN THE secrets—thanks, in significant part, to Joan MISSION SCIENCE ASSESSMENT AREA AT NASA’S JET PROPULSION LABORATORY IN PASADENA, CALIF. Walton. Walton, a physics major at Swarthmore beamed via satellite to Earth and translated Because the Mars Exploration Rover mis- and daughter of Jane Bassett Differding ’59, by engineers into digital images and other sion has been so unlike previous missions, is the lead computer scientist for the Com- types of data files. Based on their analyses of creating the CIP was quite a challenge, Wal- putational Science Division’sInformation the data, scientists formulate the rover’s ton says. So she is delighted with the feed- Design Group at NASA’sAmes Research tasks for the following day and then pass back that she and her team have received. Center in Mountain View, Calif. With NASA their observations and recommendations Mission team members describe the pro- since 1996, for the past three years, she has back to the engineers. After evaluating the gram as “indispensable” and themselves as been heading the team that developed and rovers’ capacity to perform the new tasks, “helpless without it.” Nonetheless, Walton customized an information system called the the engineers translate them into com- is already considering improvements such as Mars Exploration Rovers Collaborative mands that the rovers can interpret and building a more interactive level into the Information Portal (CIP). The Web-based send them back to Mars. scheduling tool to allow users not only to tool allows mission engineers and scientists “We’re running the mission on Mars view and query the pages but also to edit to access data and images downloaded from time,” Walton says, “so one of their most them. She would also like to enhance the the Mars rovers Spirit and Opportunity; read serious needs is for scheduling. A Mars day system that monitors changes in the huge mission schedules, reports, and papers; see is 40 minutes longer than on Earth, so every data repository so that users can be notified clocks in the various time zones where mis- day, people have to show up for work 40 more quickly that their files have arrived. sion workers are located (including the two minutes later than the day before. Just Now, Walton and her team are gearing up rover landing sites on Mars); and send and knowing that something’shappening at 8 for upcoming missions including the Mars receive broadcast announcements. o’clock Mars time—when the workday Science Laboratory, planned to launch in After initial brainstorming with experts begins—you have to know what time that is 2009 and last for several years. Using a from the 1997 Mars Pathfinder and the on Earth, today, tomorrow, and the day after more powerful rover that does not rely solely Mars Exploration Rover missions, Walton’s that. So the schedules are really critical. on solar energy and is equipped with addi- team created a system that both integrates Walton considers the scheduling system tional scientific instruments and a laborato- the massive amounts of mission informa- one of the most important aspects of CIP ry, it will be possible to conduct more com- tion and incoming data and also coordinates because previously mission team members plex experiments on the planet, including schedules for the 240 mission members had disseminated the schedules by printing chemical analyses of Martian substances. working on three shifts spanning the Mar- or e-mailing them. “With our system,” Wal- In the meantime, Walton continues to tian day. “Our program enables users to ton says, “you log in and get any of the 250 keep the Mars Exploration Rover crew work- search, sort, and browse and be notified or so different schedules pertaining to the ing—and eating—on time. She says, “One when new data comes in,” Walton says. mission, including staffing schedules, satel- of the most popular reasons for processing Careful daily planning is crucial to the lite communication schedules, or standard the schedules was to figure out when lunch mission because the rovers use solar energy event schedules for each day. They’re all inte- was. People posted signs: ‘Lunch is at 11 and can perform tasks only during sunlight grated so you can put them up on your o’clock, Mars time. Check CIP to find out hours on Mars. Following commands from screen at the same time, query them, or when that is.’” mission control, they collect data, which are obtain certain parts [of them].” —Carol Brévart-Demm J U N E 2 0 0 4 79 UPenn. Carolynn Laurenza is NYC to complete a master’s in working in the UPenn School of health policy and management LETTERS Medicine’s Dept. of Psychiatry, at Columbia. Emily Clough is Continued from page 3 studying addictions and living in moving to Berkeley, Calif., after West Philly with Alyssa Bell (a a stint at international peace- keep the foundation’s cosmic R.I.P. paralegal at Community Legal building organization Search for ray detectors up and running. Requiem, In Peace Services) and Ilana Luft (who Common Ground. Joanne Doug Thompson ’62 was one Don Mizell ’71, who served as works as Professor of Education Gaskell is a research assistant Ann Renninger’s research assis- for the International Food Policy of the most enthusiastic of that chairman of the Swarthmore tant at Swarthmore). They live Research Institute. Although group. Just after his return African American Students around the corner from Matt Sanya Carley enjoyed consult- from the Antarctic, I attended Society from 1969 to 1971, sub- Rubin (teaching some long days ing for the World Bank, this fall his slide show at the Bartol mitted the following poem in in southwest Philly), Aaron will likely find her in Madison, building and was enthralled by response to the review by Jon Goldman, and Joel Blecher ’04, Wis., studying urban and region- his rugged man-versus-nature Van Til ’61 of Dignity, Discourse, whose awesome band The Per- al planning. tales, his evocations of pristine and Destiny: The Life of Courtney fection!sts draws in huge Swat Akira Irie is a paralegal in beauty in what is arguably the C. Smith (March Bulletin). crowds. Virginia, Todd Gillette is work- least hospitable spot on earth, To speak undaunted In New York, Andrew Feffer- ing for a small Web-program- the drinking and movie-watch- man invites anyone nearby to ming firm in Alexandria, Va., To vaunted power ing parties with Soviet scien- check out his new Ithaca house. and taking Brazilian jiujitzu, Was never joy, tists camped across several Nearby, Mike Smith eagerly and David O’Steen is in an Not even staunch miles of icy desert, and so on. awaits law school acceptances engineering Ph.D program in Atop some learned chair So enthralled that, in fact, I after a year learning the true Florida. Far out / applied for a stint myself. meaning of relaxation. Rashelle Carrie Cooper-Fenske (in Beyond the pale. Isip is home in NYC, eating medical school) and Toby Sanan It was only a few months enviable home-cooked food, (in a chemistry Ph.D. program) later—when an offer of a 13- An unarmed call departing on au pair stints to are both attending The Ohio month job arrived—that I had To inner light Paris and Milan, and having a State U., Laura Barker is in a second thoughts. In the sober- Bore an awful price: wonderful time. Tanya Chotibut Ph.D. program in biology at ing light of day, I was aston- Framed poster boys is postponing the real world in a UC–San Francisco, Kirstin Bass ished that I had even contem- Of sudden death / psychology graduate program at is doing an M.D/Ph.D. at Mount plated such a rash move. I was Columbia. Kara Levy and Ted Sinai, Joan Javier is working on By fame / like that Alexander are leaving Prague a new voter’s project for the just a few years out of India’s / In a flash / for NYC, where Kara will earn an state PIRGS in New Mexico, and 110-degree summers, and I / A snapshot / M.F.A. in fiction at Columbia. Sarah Stanton and Than Court could hardly tolerate the win- Not by Godot Alicia Munoz has just finished are in Seattle. ters in Pennsylvania—but I But by God. up her first year at Cornell, and David Whitehead misses his had, without thinking, consid- Ben Hamilton is working in a Carib but loves Ann Arbor as a ered living in the barren wastes No fade to black genetics lab there. programming analyst for the U. of the Antarctic for 13 months! As stark relief In Boston, Mark Romanowsky of Michigan, building a national Sheepishly, I declined the offer. From icy breaths (studying physics at Harvard) service for earthquake engi- Every time I think of this and fires beneath / and Laura Fox (a research assis- neers. Ursula Whitcher is dot- incident, I remind myself that, No sane retreat tant in the MIT Brain & Cogni- ing on her cats and her cooking at 20, not all decisions are From boundless love tive Sciences Dept.) team up to while doing a math Ph.D. at the sound and that young people Or mercy sweet tackle the Haymarket fruit and U. of Washington. Emily Alm- As yet we beseech: veggie market on Saturdays. berg is tracking wolves in the must always be given a second Down the coast in DC, Kuz- beautiful Yellowstone Northern chance to back out. To seek to keep man Ganchev is researching Range, dotted with bison, hot GEORGE THOMA ’65 The fallen dream natural language processing for springs, and fallen snow. In Bethesda, Md. From sleep so deep StreamSage and plans to study sunny California, Heather Fle- There is no wake. the same at UPenn this fall. harty is in medical school at The Bulletin welcomes letters The flame we pass With fond memories of European Stanford. (and poems!) to the editor con- breads and spreads, Ben The enterprising Swattie of Burns in us all / cerning the contents of the Galynker is working as an LSAT the year award goes to Becca We march / we weep magazine and issues relating to instructor in Baltimore. Chris Van Fleet, who opened her own For justice sake the College. Letters must be Keary is a behavioral therapist gallery in New Hampshire: Perhaps if blame for two young autistic boys in Becca Van Fleet Pottery (www.- signed and may be edited for an after-school A.B.A. program beccavanfleetpottery.com). clarity and space. Address your Was not so game and applying to med school this Well, that’s enough to make letters to Editor, Swarthmore Our rest’d find spring. Dan Dan is interning us all feel proud and inadequate College Bulletin, 500 College Requiem, in Peace. with the U.S. State Dept. this at the same time. Do write. I Avenue, Swarthmore PA 19081 © 2004 by Don Mizell summer and then heads back to love hearing from you! or [email protected]. J U N E 2 0 0 4 87 88 SWARTHMORECOLLEGEBULLETIN F O E C E I P A E M O C E B Y L T N E T R E V D A N I S A H E L Y T S E F I L N W O . H S C ’ R Z A T E R S A E W R H C S Brévart-Demm G Carol N By I Y L R L R E A S B - T S E R O B S S E F O R P iue,ta’ h atta escut. gets that part the that’s minutes, 5 to down interview 10-minute a squeeze to have they When them. be about least talking at should have we would so it effects, seriously, widespread taken be to were it and if everything, almost about think we the way from departure radical a It’s policy. ical polit- and economic, social, for implications broader research’s the about me about ask think and to people for routine it more wish were I cereal. or toothpaste, jeans, is my conversation on the of focus the ask? often is that to disappointing fail been that’s thing media only the The did question What of teachers. one popular is most Action, Swarthmore’s Social book.” of and one Professor Theory Social Cartwright “reading P. is Dorwin Schwartz, 10, the No. to Street, according wasn’t and, Guardian, (who London Blair person), Tony in he to there Unit, British advice the Strategy offered to world- Minister’s speak to Prime seriously Invited and taken wide. being thoughts a are whose become ideas has intellectual Schwartz public and languages, job. he one and only to for schools; applied applied graduate junior he two his to only sweetheart; married school it. high happily to still prey is falling avoid suggest- to options, of how of ing effects psy- overabundance the sociological such and explores He virtually a chological with choice. of faced members unlimited society beset that consumer bewilderment paralysis different the and myriad illustrate from styles—to pair to one Less, choose Is experience—having More book jeans-shopping about Why 2004 talking Choice: his of of In tired jeans. is his Schwartz Barry htbado en i o ial choose? fit. finally relaxed you Gap did jeans of brand What y r r a B t u o b A g n i h t e m o S h oki en rnltdit six into translated being is book The 57, Schwartz, advice, own his Following vroea Downing at everyone h Paradox The eue a uses he flbr n ihShlefe ertr of secretary Schuldenfrei Rich and labor, of secretary Bradley Tom defense, Kurth of Jim secretary state, of secretary Sharpe treas- Ken ury, the of secretary Hollister Rob make I’d members? cabi- net as choose you would Swarth- colleagues five more which president, were you If science. social into inte- research his psychological for of 2002 gration in Prize Nobel a won also who Kahneman, Daniel psychologist and the Sen, Amartya winner Prize Nobel 1998 and economist welfare a Lasch, Christopher historian late the Nussbaum, Martha and McIntyre Alasdair philosophers The admire? you do intellectuals public What implemented. to be answer could best question the every if as out start they at least wrong—but are politics gets the it if to—or abandoned needs it way the get in and spun system the through way to its starts wend it then out, something figure They all. at politics to no There’s answer questions. right policy the get to is mission their types; science social educated highly of young, group this There’s States. the in Unit Strategy the like nothing there’s because extraordinary Blair? was Tony It to Flattering. Wonderful. advice offering feel it did How consequential. very were they but no- brainers, were job—they this take to school, whether graduate to go to where marry, to decisions—who like feel didn’t to make had I’ve decisions important most The decision? important most your was What people’slives. on effect practical any it have that would anticipated never I better. the for decisions— make they com- way has the altered it pletely that me told have how people though, many you, tell can’t I was. of I version what extreme more a me decisions? made It’s own your affect book this Did n okcagdtewr do. I work the changed book one That economy. the specifically, more insti- tutions, social understand I way the changed completely It Hirsch. Fred economist wrhoestudent? from Swarthmore learned a ever you lesson best the What’s it’s think I why? and book, favorite your What’s el ypa st ergtweeIa now. am I where right be to is plan my Well, from now? years 10 yourself see you do walk. Where could I so Hill, Society to moved I why That’s cinema. Ritz the weekends? inhabit on we Mostly, fun for do you do What dwindled. participation has my years, recent in many but for years, active very was I of justice. pursuit social public the spir- to the commitment in of it it founded we and to, belonged I congregation former a in opinions divergent of product the was congregation Shalom Mishkan The reasons. political spiritual for than was more it but found, helped congrega- I a tion of member a I’m although No, person? religious a you Are Affectionate. tempered. Even use? organized. Compulsively children your would words three Which Grateful. Organized. Curious. you? describe words three Which about. cared I questions the of true—at not not least, was that that student this learned from I and laboratory, the the in putting questions by questions to figure answers could the I out that think to used I and sociology. economics in interested me got That’swhat perspective. broader much a I in research did empirical narrow, of sort to the me view teaching by career professional my of course the changed student Swarthmore A a’ ieyu friends?) your you hire if can’t power of good the (What’s education. A + Q oilLmt oGrowth to Limits Social ythe by BARRY SCHWARTZ BELIEVES THAT EXPANDING FREEDOM OF CHOICE, PARADOXICALLY, CAUSES INCREASING DISSATISFACTION AND ANXIETY IN OUR WESTERN CONSUMER SOCIETY.

TIM SHAFFER Swarthmore College On-Line Alumni Community

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