Kolkata Environmental Improvement Investment Program Tranche 1 – Water Supply
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Initial Environmental Examination June 2014 IND: Kolkata Environmental Improvement Investment Program Tranche 1 – Water Supply Prepared by Kolkata Environmental Improvement Investment Program for Asian Development Bank. This is an updated version of the draft originally posted in May 2012 available on http://www.adb.org/projects/documents/kolkata-environmental-improvement- investment-program-tranche-1-water-supply-subpr KOLKATA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT INVESTMENT PROGRAM (2014-2022) TRANCHE 1 SUBPROJECT APPRAISAL REPORT WATER SUPPLY VOLUME 2: INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION UPDATED FINAL REPORT June 2014 PREFACE The completed Kolkata Environmental Improvement Project (KEIP) was a multi-agency endeavor to arrest environmental degradation and improve the quality of life in Kolkata. KEIP aimed to provide affordable access to basic urban services, revamp and upgrade the sewerage and drainage system, make the solid waste management system efficient, restore the city’s drainage canals, and improve outdoor recreation facilities in parks and water bodies. KEIP included stakeholder consultation program and capacity building component to raise the standards of delivery of municipal services by the Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC). Financing was from the KMC, the Government of West Bengal (GoWB) and Asian Development Bank (ADB). In addition, grant financing from the UK Department for International Development (DFID) was provided for KMC capacity building component of KEIP. The works under the KEIP has been completed 30 June 2013, the closing date of the ADB loans. Both KMC and ADB wish to continue their combined efforts to improve the urban environment and living conditions in Kolkata, building on results achieved and experience gained. Therefore, a continuation of the KEIP, the Kolkata Environmental Improvement Investment Program (KEIIP), is being supported by ADB. For loan processing a number of documents must be prepared at a standard acceptable to the ADB. In order to meet the ADB requirements the KMC, assisted by its Project Management Consultants (PMC), had prepared the Kolkata Urban Sector Investment Plan 2012-2022, consisting of four volumes: Volume 1: The urban service plan Volume 2: The investment plan Volume 3: Economic and financial aspects Volume 4: Environmental and social safeguards frameworks Furthermore KMC had prepared in 2012 Subproject Appraisal Reports (SARs) for KEIIP Tranche 1 Subprojects. The SAR for KEIIP Tranche 1 Subproject Water Supply consists of three volumes as follows: Volume 1: Technical, economic, and financial aspects Volume 2: Initial Environmental Examination Volume 3: Resettlement Plan The initial environmental examination (IEE) prepared based on preliminary designs was reviewed and approved by KMC and ADB in May 2012. It has been disclosed in KEIP and ADB’s website (http://www.adb.org/projects/documents/kolkata-environmental-improvement- investment-program-tranche-1-water-supply-subpr) This final version of the IEE describes the environmental condition of the Kolkata Water Supply Subproject under Tranche 1 of the Kolkata Environmental Improvement Investment Program - Project 1in India, including potential impact, formulation of mitigation measures, and preparation of institutional requirements and environmental monitoring for the project. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES cum/hr - cubic meter per hour cum/m3 - cubic meter Ft - feet Ha - hectare Km - kilometer km2 or sq km - square kilometer Lpcd - liter per capita per day m - meter m/yr - meter per year mg/l - milligram per liter MGD - million gallon per day MGH - million gallon per hour ML - million liter MD - million liter per day mm - millimeter This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand BPS - Booster Pumping Stations CI - Cast Iron COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand CPHEEO - Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation DI - Ductile Iron DO - Dissolved Oxygen DSC - Design and Supervision Consultants DWF - Dry Weather Flows KMC - Executing Agency EKW - East Kolkata Wetlands GOI - Government of India GRC - Grievance Redressal Committee HDPE - High-Density Polyethylene INR - Indian National Rupee KEIP - Kolkata Environment Improvement Project KEIIP Kolkata Environment Improvement Investment Program KMA - Kolkata Metropolitan Area KMC - Kolkata Municipal Corporation KMDA - Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority KMWSA - Kolkata Metropolitan Water and Sanitation Authority MOUD - Ministry of Urban Development MS - Mild Steel O and M - Operation and Maintenance PMU - Project Management Unit PST - Pre-Settling Tanks PWD - Public Works Department SAR - Subproject Appraisal Reports SEP - Site Environmental Management Plan ST - Schedule Tribe STP - Sewage Treatment Plant SWF - Storm Water Flow SWM - Solid Waste Management TDS - Total Dissolved Solids TFS - Total Fixed Solids TKN - Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen TOR - Terms of Reference TSS - Total Suspended Solids USD - US Dollar WBPCB - West Bengal Pollution Control Board WTP - Water Treatment Plant TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 1 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .................................................. 2 A. ADB Policy .................................................................................................................... 2 B. National and State Laws ............................................................................................... 2 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBPROJECT ............................................................................. 7 A. Existing Situation .......................................................................................................... 7 B. Components of the Subproject .................................................................................... 10 C. Implementation Schedule............................................................................................ 13 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE DATA) .......................................... 13 A. Physical Resources .................................................................................................... 13 B. Ecological Resources ................................................................................................. 27 C. Economic Development .............................................................................................. 30 D. Social and Cultural Resources .................................................................................... 35 V. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................................... 36 A. Planning and Design Phase ........................................................................................ 37 B. Construction Phase ..................................................................................................... 41 C. Operation and Maintenance Phase ............................................................................. 55 D. Cumulative Impact Assessment .................................................................................. 59 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION ....................... 61 A. Public participation during the preparation of the IEE .................................................. 61 B. Future Consultation and Disclosure ............................................................................ 62 A. Consultation during detailed design ....................................................................... 62 B. Consultation during construction: .......................................................................... 63 C. Project disclosure ..................................................................................................... 63 GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM .................................................................................... 63 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................................................................... 65 A. Institutional Arrangement ............................................................................................ 65 B. Environmental Monitoring Program ............................................................................. 83 C. Environmental Management and Monitoring Cost ....................................................... 88 D. Monitoring and Reporting .......................................................................................... 92 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................... 94 List of tables Table 1: Applicable Environmental Regulations 3 Table 2: Demand Supply Analysis of Water Supply In Kolkata 7 Table 3. Details of Work Components under Water Supply Subproject 10 Table 4: Water Supply “With Subproject” and “No-Subproject” Scenarios