MKUTANO WA SABA Kikao Cha Arobaini Na Tisa – Tarehe 16 Juni
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Jamhuri Ya Muungano Wa Tanzania
JAMHURI YA MUUNGANO WA TANZANIA BUNGE LA TANZANIA MKUTANO WA KUMI NA SITA NA KUMI NA SABA YATOKANAYO NA KIKAO CHA NNE (DAILY SUMMARY RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS) 7 NOVEMBA, 2014 MKUTANO WA KUMI NA SITA NA KUMI NA SABA KIKAO CHA NNE – 7 NOVEMBA, 2014 Kikao kilianza saa 3:00 Asubuhi kikiongozwa na Mhe. Job Y. Ndigai, Mb Naibu Spika ambaye alisoma Dua. MAKATIBU MEZANI 1. Ndg. Charles Mloka 2. Ndg. Lina Kitosi 3. Ndg. Hellen Mbeba I. MASWALI YA KAWAIDA Maswali yafuatayo yaliulizwa na wabunge na kupitia majibu Bungeni:- 1. Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu – swali na. 38 la Mhe. Anne Kilango 2. Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu – swali na. 39 la Mhe. Salum Khalfan Barwary 3. Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu – swali na. 40 la Mhe. Moses Joseph Machali 4. Wizara ya Ardhi, Nyumba na Maendeleo ya Makazi – swali na. 41. La Mhe. Omar Rashid Nundu 5. Wizara ya Maendeleo ya Mifungo na Uvuvi – swali na. 42. La Mhe. Hilda Ngoye 6. Wizara ya Mambo ya Ndani ya Nchi – swali na. 43. La Mhe. Zitto Kabwe Zuberi 7. Wizara ya Mawasiliano, Sayansi na Tecknolojia – swali na. 44 –la Mhe. Murtaza Mangungu 8. Wizara ya Mawasiliano, Sayansi na Teknolojia - swali na. 45-la Mhe. Godfrey Mgimwa 9. Wizara ya Katiba na Sheria - swali na. 46 – la Mhe. Neema Mgaya Hamid 2 10. Wizara ya Katiba na Sheria- swali na. 47 – la Mhe. Assumpter Mshana 11. Wizara ya Habari, Vijana, Utamaduni na Michezo – swali na. 48 la Mhe. Khatib Said Hji. 12. Wizara ya Habari, Vijana, Utamaduni na Michezo - swali na. 49 la Mhe. -
Ni Magufuli Tena 2
Toleo Maalum Jarida la NI MAGUFULI TENA2020 -2025 ALIAHIDI | AMETEKELEZA | APEWE TENA MITANO | AGOSTI 2020 has got it all TUMETEKELE KWA KISHINDO TUNASONGA MBELE PAMOJA CHAMA CHA MAPINDUZI Miaka Mitano Tena kwa Magufuli Kuzalisha Ajira Milioni Nane Mgombea wa Chama cha Mapinduzi (CCM) nafasi ya Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muun- gano wa Tanzania Rais, Dkt John Pombe Magufuli amesema kuwa atazalisha ajira milioni nane katika kipindi cha miaka mitano ijayo. Rais Magufuli ametoa ahadi hiyo leo Agosti 29, 2020 Jijini Dodoma wakati wa uzinduzi wa kampeni za Chama hicho kuekea uchaguzi mkuu unaotarajiwa kufa- nyika Oktoba 28 mwaka huu. Amesema kuwa ajira hizo zitatokana na - miradi mbalimbali mikubwa na kimkakati inayoendelea kutekelezwa na ile itakayo- tekelezwa katika miaka mitano mingine kama ikiwemo miradi ya ujenzi wa uwanja wa ndege wa Msalato, ujenzi wa uwanja wa mpira wa miguu pamoja na ajira za moja kwa moja kutoka Serikalini. Aidha, Rais Magufuli amesema kuwa katika kipindi cha miaka mitano ijayo Seri- kali ya Chama cha Mapinduzi itaendelea kusimamia amani, umoja, mshikamano, kuulinda Muungano na Mapinduzi Matukufu ya Zanzibar hali itakayowezesha kufikiwa kwa malengo tuliyojiwekea ikiwe- mo kukuza uchumi wetu kwa asilimia nane kwa mwaka,” alisisitiza Dkt. Magufuli. 01 | #NiMagufuliTena 2020 - 2025 Akifafanua Dkt. Magufuli amesema kuwa kipaumbele kitawekwa katika sekta za kilimo, mifugo, uvuvi, miundombinu na nyingine zitakazochangia katika kukuza uchumi na kutoa ajira kwa wingi. Aliongeza kuwa Benki ya Kilimo itaimarish- wa, kuongeza eneo la umwagiliaji, kuimari- sha huduma za ugani, kuboresha sekta ya uvuvi, kununua meli ya uvuvi bahari kuu. Kwa upande wa utalii amesema wataonge- za watalii hadi kufikia milioni tano, Africa’s Oceanic Big Five. -
Madini News Rais Wa Jamhuri Ya Muungano Toleo Na.2 Wa Tanzania Machi, 2020 HALIUZWI
Toleo Na.2 // Machi 2020 Yaliyomo // Biteko - Nitasimama na Mzee Tume ya Leseni ya TanzaniteOne Imefutwa na Kisangani mpaka “asimame” Kurudishwa Serikalini - Biteko... Uk.04 ... Uk.08 Madini Bilioni 66.5 zapatikana tangu Wanawake Tume ya Madini kuanzishwa kwa masoko Wawakumbuka ya madini ... Uk.10 Yatima ... Uk.18 www.tumemadini.go.tz Tume ya Madini 2020 www.tumemadini.go.tz /TAHARIRI Salamu Kutoka kwa Waziri wa Madini Maoni ya Mhariri SEKTA YA MADINI INAIMARIKA, MAFANIKIO MASOKO TUENDELEZE USHIRIKIANO YA MADINI TUMEWEZA! Katika Mwaka wa Fedha 2019/2020 Wizara ya Madini ilipanga kutekeleza majukumu yake kupitia miradi Katika kuhakikisha kuwa Sekta ya Madini inakuwa na mchango mbalimbali ikilenga katika kuimarisha Sekta ya Madini, hivyo kuwa na mchango mkubwa kwenye ukuaji wa mkubwa kwenye ukuaji wa uchumi wa Taifa, Serikali kupitia uchumi wa nchi. Tume ya Madini kuanzia Machi, 2019 ilifungua masoko ya madini Katika Toleo lililopita nilielezea kwa kifupi kuhusu yale ambayo yamesimamiwa na kutekelezwa na Wizara na vituo vya ununuzi wa madini lengo likiwa ni kudhibiti utorosh- kwa kipindi cha takribani miaka miwili tangu kuanzishwa kwake. waji wa madini kwa kuwapatia wachimbaji wa madini nchini Katika Toleo hili nitaelezea kwa kifupi mafanikio ya utekelezaji wa majukumu ya Wizara kwa kipindi cha sehemu ya kuuzia madini yao huku wakilipa kodi mbalimbali kuanzia Julai, 2019 hadi Februari, 2020. Kama ambavyo nilieleza Bungeni katika Hotuba yangu wakati Serikalini. nikiwasilisha Bajeti ya Wizara kwa Mwaka 2019/2020, nilieleza kuwa, Wizara imepangiwa kukusanya Shilingi 470,897,011,000.00 katika Mwaka wa Fedha 2019/2020. Uanzishwaji wa masoko ya madini na vituo vya ununuzi wa Napenda kuwataarifu wasomaji wa Jarida hili kuwa, hadi kufikia Februari, 2020 jumla ya Shilingi madini ni sehemu ya maelekezo yaliyotolewa kwenye mkutano wa 319,025,339,704.73 zimekusanywa ambazo ni sawa na asilimia 102 ya lengo la makusanyo ya nusu mwaka Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tazania, Dkt. -
AFRICA RISK CONSULTING Tanzania Monthly Briefing
AFRICA RISK CONSULTING Tanzania Monthly Briefing December 2020 Tanzania Summary 4 December 2020 President John Magufuli (2015-present) outlines his priorities for his second and final term in office during the inauguration of parliament on 13 November following the resounding win of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) in the October general election. While Magufuli has signalled further assistance for the private sector, his delay in appointing a full cabinet has further slowed government engagement. The protracted downturn in tourism globally is putting Tanzania’s economy, and its levels of foreign exchange reserves, under strain. Tanzania fares moderately compared to its regional neighbours in the Mo Ibrahim Foundation’s annual Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG). Magufuli’s second term off to a slow start President John Magufuli (2015-present) outlined his priorities for his second, and final, term in office at the inauguration of parliament on 13 November.1 Magufuli won the 28 October election with 84.4% of the popular vote, while the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party won an overwhelming majority in the National Assembly.2 Although there were significant concerns both within Tanzania and among international observers about the level of government interference in the polls,3 the National Electoral Commission (NEC) has upheld the results and the focus has now shifted to what Magufuli’s second term in office is likely to look like. During the inauguration speech, Magufuli vowed to continue to prosecute his broadly successful anti- corruption campaign, which has seen Tanzania rise from 119th place in 2014 to 96th place in 2019 in Germany-based non-governmental organisation Transparency International’s annual Corruption Perceptions Index during his time in office.4 Magufuli also committed to work further to see the country industrialise, with a focus on job creation and infrastructure, as well as commitment to ensure that the country’s key economic indicators remain stable. -
Tarehe 4 Mei, 2021
NAKALA MTANDAO(ONLINE DOCUMENT) BUNGE LA TANZANIA ________ MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE _________ MKUTANO WA TATU Kikao cha Ishirini na Mbili – Tarehe 4 Mei, 2021 (Bunge Lilianza Saa Tatu Asubuhi) D U A Spika (Mhe. Job Y. Ndugai) Alisoma Dua SPIKA: Waheshimiwa Wabunge, tukae. Tunaendelea na Mkutano wetu wa Tatu, leo ni Kikao cha Ishirini na mbili. Katibu! NDG. MOSSY LUKUVI – KATIBU MEZANI: HATI ZILIZOWASILISHWA MEZANI Hati zifuatazo ziliwasilishwa mezani na:- NAIBU WAZIRI WA ELIMU, SAYANSI NA TEKNOLOJIA: Hotuba ya Bajeti ya Wizara ya Elimu, Sayansi na Teknolojia kwa mwaka wa fedha 2021/2022. MHE. HUSNA J. SEKIBOKO - K.n.y. MAKAMU MWENYEKITI WA KAMATI A KUDUMU YA BUNGE YA HUDUMA NA MAENDELEO YA JAMII: Taarifa ya Kamati ya Kudumu ya Bunge ya Huduma na Maendeleo ya Jamii kuhusu utekelezaji wa majukumu ya Wizara ya Elimu, Sayansi na Teknolojia kwa mwaka wa fedha 1 NAKALA MTANDAO(ONLINE DOCUMENT) 2020/2021 pamoja na Maoni ya Kamati kuhusu Makadirio ya Mapato na Matumizi ya Wizara hiyo kwa mwaka wa fedha 2021/2022. SPIKA: Ahsante sana, Mheshimiwa Husna Sekiboko kwa niaba ya Kamati. Katibu! NDG. MOSSY LUKUVI – KATIBU MEZANI: MASWALI NA MAJIBU SPIKA: Swali letu la kwanza leo tunaanza na Ofisi ya Rais Tawala za Mikoa na Serikali za Mitaa, swali hilo litaulizwa na Mheshimiwa Hassan Selemani Mtenga Mbunge wa Mtwara Mjini. Mheshimiwa Mtenga tafadhali uliza swali lako. Na. 179 Kujenga Barabara za Lami-Kata za Manispaa ya Mtwara Mikindani MHE. HASSAN S. MTENGA aliuliza:- Je, Serikali ina mpango gani wa kujenga barabara za lami katika Kata za Ufukoni, Magomeni na shangani Manispaa ya Mtwara Mikindani. -
FAO Tanzania Newsletter, 2Nd Quarter 2018
1 FAO Tanzania Newsletter 2nd quarter 2018 - Issue#5 Fish stock survey to benefit Tanzania, boost industrialization Photo: ©FAO/Luis Tato Photo: ©FAO/Emmanuel Herman Inside this issue Message from FAO Representative 2 FAO hands over draft of Forest Policy 7 Fish stock survey to benefit Tanzania 3 Donors pledge support to ASDP II implementation 8 New Marine hatchery a boost to Zanzibar, East Africa 5 Media Coverage & Upcoming Events 9 Govt, FAO and USAID fight rabies in Moshi 6 Cover Photo: The Chief Secretary of the United Republic of Tanzania, HE Ambassador Eng. John William Kijazi, speaking at the Port Call Event of the Dr. Fridtjof 2 Message from FAO Representative Celebrating Achievements in Tanzania 2 Welcome! Dear partners, Once again welcome to another edition of the FAO following reports of the Tanzania newsletter. This covers the period between April outbreak of the disease in the and June this year. district. The campaign was Indeed this has been quite a busy but interesting time for funded by the US Agency for FAO in Tanzania. As you will see, a number of major International Development events significant to the agriculture sector in this country (USAID) and carried out by occurred during this time. One Health partners including We saw the visit by the Norwegian vessel Dr. Fridtjof FAO. It was launched by the Nansen that concluded a two week research on fishery Deputy Minister of Livestock resources and ecosystem on Tanzania’s Indian Ocean and Fisheries, Abdallah Hamis waters. This followed a request by the President of the Ulega in Dar es Salaam at the United Republic of Tanzania, Dr. -
Tanzania: Recent Governance Trends and 2020 Elections in Brief
Tanzania: Recent Governance Trends and 2020 Elections In Brief Updated October 26, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46579 Tanzania: Recent Governance Trends and 2020 Elections In Brief Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 President Magufuli .......................................................................................................................... 1 Governance Trends Under Magufuli ......................................................................................... 2 Limits on Organized Political Rights and Political Party Activity...................................... 2 Restrictions on Expression, the Press, and Independent Research ..................................... 4 Curtailing the Independence of Civil Society ..................................................................... 5 The Government’s Human Rights Record and Rhetoric........................................................... 5 Elections: Recent Trends and 2020 General Elections .................................................................... 6 October 2020 Elections ............................................................................................................. 8 U.S. Relations and Congressional Responses ................................................................................. 9 U.S. Governance Programs ..................................................................................................... -
20 MAY 2019.Pmd
NAKALA MTANDAO(ONLINE DOCUMENT) BUNGE LA TANZANIA ________ MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE _________ MKUTANO WA KUMI NA TANO Kikao cha Thelathini na Moja – Tarehe 20 Mei, 2019 (Bunge Lilianza saa Tatu Asubuhi) DUA Spika (Mhe. Job Y. Ndugai) Alisoma Dua SPIKA: Waheshimiwa Wabunge, tukae. Waheshimiwa Wabunge, tunaendelea na Mkutano wetu wa 15, leo kikao cha 31. Katibu! NDG. RAMADHAN ISSA ABDALLAH – KATIBU MEZANI: TAARIFA YA SPIKA SPIKA: Waheshimiwa Wabunge, nasikitika kuwatangazia kifo cha mwanasiasa mkongwe na kiongozi aliyepata kuhudumia kwa muda mrefu hasa kule kwenye Serikali ya Mapinduzi ya Zanzibar Marehemu Ally Juma Shamhuna. Waheshimiwa Wabunge, katika uhai wake, marehemu Ally Juma Shamhuma amepata kushika nyadhifa mbalimbali zikiwemo hizi zifuatazo; amepata kuwa Mkurugenzi wa Mifugo, amewahi kuwa Katibu Mkuu Wizara ya Kilimo, amewahi kuwa Katibu Mkuu, Export Processing Zone Zanzibar, amewahi kuwa Waziri wa Mipango, amekuwa Waziri wa Nchi, Afisi ya Waziri Kiongozi, aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Habari, Utamaduni na Michezo na wakati huo huo akiwa ni 1 NAKALA MTANDAO(ONLINE DOCUMENT) Naibu Waziri Kiongozi, katika uhai wake amekuwa Waziri wa Ardhi, Maji na Nishati na alipata kuwa Waziri wa Elimu na Mafunzo ya Amali. Aidha, Marehemu Mheshimiwa Shamhuna kwa muda mrefu alikuwa ni mjumbe wa Halmashauri Kuu ya Taifa ya Chama cha Mapinduzi kutokea Zanzibar na baadhi yenu humu Wabunge mtamkumbuka marehemu Mheshimiwa Shamhuna kama Mbunge wa Bunge la Katiba na alikuwa Mjumbe wa Kamati namba 8 kwenye Bunge la Katiba, Kamati ambayo nilikuwa Mwenyekiti wake. Kwa niaba yenu Waheshimiwa Wabunge, tunatoa pole kwa Rais wa Zanzibar na Mwenyekiti wa Baraza la Mapinduzi. Tunatoa pole kwa Wazanzibari wote na Watanzania wote kwa ujumla kufuatia kifo hicho na tunamuomba Mwenyezi Mungu aihifadhi roho yake mahali pema peponi, amina. -
Global Fund for Coral Reefs Investment Plan 2021 – Annexes
Global Fund for Coral Reefs Investment Plan 2021 – Annexes Annex 1 GFCR Theory of Change Outcomes and potential outputs ...................................................... 1 Annex 2 Coral Reefs, Climate Change and Communities: Prioritising Action to Save the World’s Most Vulnerable Global Ecosystem ..................................................................................................................... 2 Annex 3 Countries included in the GCF Proposal ................................................................................ 16 Annex 4 Request for Information Results ........................................................................................... 17 Annex 5 Potential Focal Areas ............................................................................................................. 34 Annex 6 RFI Questions ........................................................................................................................ 36 Annex 7 Country Profiles..................................................................................................................... 57 Annex 8 GFCR Country Data Table Description ................................................................................. 140 Annex 9 GFCRs Partnerships ............................................................................................................. 145 Annex 10 Key Financial Intermediaries and Platforms ........................................................................ 157 Annex 11 GFCR – Pipeline Scoping Analysis -
Q1. Moody‟S Analytics Has Projected the Indian Economy to Grow by ___In the Calendar Year 2021. (A) 11 Per Cent (B) 09 P
Bankersadda.com Current Affairs Quiz for Bank Exams 2021 Adda247.com Quiz Date: 21st March 2021 Q1. Moody‟s Analytics has projected the Indian economy to grow by ________ in the Calendar Year 2021. (a) 11 per cent (b) 09 per cent (c) 10 per cent (d) 12 per cent (e) 13 per cent Q2. Who among the following was sworn in as the sixth President of Tanzania? (a) Ali Mohamed Shein (b) John Magfufuli (c) Samia Suluhu Hassan (d) Kassim Majaliwa (e) Hussein Mwinyi Q3. Who recently set a new national record in the men‟s 3000m steeplechase event in the ongoing Federation Cup Senior National Athletics Championships? (a) Mahesh Bawara (b) Avinash Sable (c) Arokia Rajiv (d) Joseph Abraham (e) Anil Kumar Q4. Netherlands Prime Minister, ____________ has won the 2021 parliamentary elections with most seats to be sworn in as the Prime Minister for the fourth straight term. (a) Jan Peter Balkenende (b) Wim Kok (c) Ruud Lubbers (d) Dries van Agt (e) Mark Rutte Q5. Who among the following has been appointed as the brand ambassador of NeoGrowth Credit? (a) Ajinkya Rahane (b) Ambati Rayudu (c) Virat Kohli (d) Hardik Pandya (e) Rishabh Pant For any Banking/Insurance exam Assistance, Give a Missed call @ 01141183264 Bankersadda.com Current Affairs Quiz for Bank Exams 2021 Adda247.com Q6. UNCTAD has estimated the GDP forecast to record a “stronger recovery” in 2021 and grow by ________. (a) 1 per cent (b) 3 per cent (c) 4 per cent (d) 5 per cent (e) 2 per cent Q7. When is the UN French Language Day is observed globally? (a) 20 March (b) 19 March (c) 11 March (d) 18 March (e) 10 March Q8. -
Tarehe 12 Aprili, 2021
NAKALA MTANDAO(ONLINE DOCUMENT) BUNGE LA TANZANIA ________ MAJADILIANO YA BUNGE _________ MKUTANO WA TATU Kikao cha Saba – Tarehe 12 Aprili, 2021 (Bunge Lilianza Saa Tatu Asubuhi) D U A Spika (Mhe. Job Y. Ndugai) Alisoma Dua SPIKA: Waheshimiwa Wabunge, tukae. Waheshimiwa Wabunge, tunaendelea na Mkutano wetu wa Tatu, leo ni Kikao cha Saba. Natumaini mlikuwa na weekend njema Waheshimiwa Wabunge, ingawaje weekend ilikuwa na mambo yake hii. Jana nilimtafuta Waziri wa Fedha, Mheshimiwa Dkt. Mwigulu Nchemba kwa mambo yetu haya ya Bunge kuhusiana na uchangiaji wa Mpango wa Maendeleo akaniambia Mheshimiwa Spika tafadhali niache. Aah! Sasa nakuacha kuna nini tena? Anasema nina stress. Kumbe matokeo ya juzi yamempa stress. (Makofi/Kicheko) Pole sana Mheshimiwa Dkt. Mwigulu Nchemba, na Wanayanga wote poleni sana. Taarifa tulizonazo ni kwamba wachezaji wana njaa, hali yao kidogo, maana yake wamelegealegea hivi. Kwa hiyo Waheshimiwa Wabunge baadaye tunaweza tukafanya mchango kidogo tuwasaidie Yanga ili wachezaji… (Kicheko) Katibu, tuendelee. (Kicheko) NDG. EMMANUEL MPANDA – KATIBU MEZANI: 1 NAKALA MTANDAO(ONLINE DOCUMENT) HATI ZILIZOWASILISHWA MEZANI Hati zifuatazo ziliwasilishwa Mezani na:- NAIBU WAZIRI, OFISI YA WAZIRI MKUU (SERA, BUNGE, KAZI, AJIRA NA VIJANA) (MHE. PASCHAL P. KATAMBI): Randama za Makadirio ya Mapato na Matumizi ya Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu na Taasisi zake kwa mwaka wa fedha 2021/2022. NAIBU SPIKA: Ahsante sana Mheshimiwa Naibu Waziri, Ofisi ya Waziri Mkuu. Katibu! NDG. EMMANUEL MPANDA – KATIBU MEZANI: MASWALI NA MAJIBU SPIKA: Swali la kwanza linaelekea TAMISEMI na litaulizwa na Mheshimiwa Jacqueline Ngonyani Msongozi, Mbunge kutoka kule Ruvuma. Na. 49 Hitaji la Vituo vya Afya – Tunduru MHE. JACQUELINE N. MSONGOZI aliuliza:- Je, Serikali ina mpango gani wa kujenga vituo vya afya katika Kata za Tinginya, Muhimba, Kalulu, Mindu, Nalasi Magharibi na Nalasi Mashariki Wilayani Tunduru? SPIKA: Majibu ya Serikali kuhusu ujenzi wa vituo vya afya Ruvuma na nchi nzima, Mheshimiwa Naibu Waziri TAMISEMI, Mheshimiwa David Silinde, tafadhali. -
The Rally-Intensive Campaign: a Distinct Form Of
The rally-intensive campaign: A distinct form of electioneering in sub-Saharan Africa and beyond Pre-proof of article for publication in the International Journal of Press/Politics in May 2019 Dr. Dan Paget Department of Political Science University College London danpaget.com [email protected] The literature on political communication is a redoubt of modernist thought. Histories of political communication are in part histories of technological progress. Accounts, which are too numerous to list comprehensively here, rehearse a well-worn story in which newspapers are joined by radio, limited-channel television, multiple-channel television, the Internet and social media in turn (Dinkin 1989; Epstein 2018). Numerous authors have organized these successive innovations into ‘ages’ or ‘orders’ of political communication (Blumler and Kavanagh 1999; Epstein 2018). These modernist ideas bleed into the study of election campaigns. A series of accounts using parallel categories construct three ideal-types of election campaign (Norris 2000). These campaign types capture, among other things, changes in the methods by which messages are conveyed. ‘Old’ face-to-face methods of communication in ‘premodern’ campaigns are supplemented and sometimes replaced by a succession of ‘new’ methods in ‘modern’ and ‘postmodern’ campaigns. These theories embrace a form of developmental linearity. They conceive of a single path of campaign ‘evolution’ (Norris 2000). While campaigns may progress or regress, campaign change Dan Paget Pre-proof version is collapsed onto a single dimension, whether by the name of modernization or professionalization. It is this linearity that gives typologies of election campaigns their modernist character. It is also essential to these theories’ parochialism.