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Home , Abelmoschus, Callirhoe (plant), Hibiscus, Malvaviscus, Malva moschata

– MALLOW FAMILY

Plant: herbs, and rarely trees; often hairy (star-shaped) Stem: Root: : simple, alternate, entire to usually palmately lobed or divided as well as palmately veined; stipules present but often falling early : usually perfect but some imperfect (dioecious), mostly regular (actinomorphic), some irregular (zygomorphic); showy and large; 5 , often partially fused; 5 or none; stamens 5 to many, separate or fused into a stalk or tube; ovary superior, carpels 2-5, styles 1 : with 5 or > chambers, or a berry Other: many tropical; Dicotyledons Group Genera: 100+ genera; locally – Abutilon, Alcea, , (mallow)

WARNING – family descriptions are only a layman’s guide and should not be used as definitive Morphology in the Malvaceae (Mallow Family)

Velvet-

Flower-Of-An-Hour

Common Mallow [Cheeses]

Crimsoneyed [Swamp] Rosemallow

Halberd-Leaved Rose-Mallow MALVACEAE – MALLOW FAMILY

Garden ; esculentus (L.) Moench (Introduced) Velvet-Leaf; Abutilon theophrasti Medik. (Introduced) Velvet-Leaf Mallow; Allowissadula holosericea (Scheele) D.M. Bates Hollyhock; Althaea rosea L. (Introduced) Fringed Poppy Mallow [Winecup]; Callirhoe digitata Nutt. Purple Poppymallow; (Torr. & A. Gray) A. Gray var. Involucrata Halberd-Leaved Rose-Mallow; All. Crimsoneyed [Swamp] Rosemallow; L. Rose of Sharon [Shrubby Althaea]; L. (Introduced) Flower-Of-An-Hour; L. (Introduced) Musk Mallow; Malva moschata L. (Introduced) Common Mallow [Cheeses]; Malva neglecta Wallr. (Introduced) Threelobe False Mallow; Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke (Introduced) Wax Mallow [Turk’s Cap]; arboreus Dill. ex Cav. (Introduced) Spreading Fanpetals [Sida]; Sida abutifolia Mill. Bates Prickly Fanpetals [Sida]; Sida spinosa L. Desert Globemallow; Sphaeralcea ambigua A. Gray Garden Okra Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (Introduced) Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Near Strafford, Greene County, Missouri Notes: 5-petaled flower, white to pale yellow, with a dark purple to red spot at base, sepals green with bracts subtending the perianth; leaf with long petiole, deeply palmately lobed with 3 to 7 lobes (depth varies), toothed, with stiff hairs on veins; fruit a ribbed capsule with white ; summer to fall (Cultivated, shown is a dwarf variety) [V Max Brown, 2013] Velvet-Leaf [Pie Marker] USDA Abutilon theophrasti Medik. (Introduced) Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Maumee River Metroparks, Lucas County, Ohio Notes: 5-petaled flower, yellow, without bracts; leaves ovate with cordate base, acuminate tip, velvety pubescent; stem branched, hairy and often spotted; note fruit shape; especially common along edges of cultivated fields; summer to fall [V Max Brown, 2005] Velvet-Leaf Mallow USDA Allowissadula holosericea (Scheele) D.M. Bates Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Friedrich Wilderness Park, Bexar County, Texas Notes: 5-petaled flower, yellow-orange, sepals velvet hairy; leaves triangular-ovate with cordate base, velvety hairy on both sides, coarsely toothed; stem velvety hairy; erect plant to 3-4 feet; summer to fall [V Max Brown, 2010] Hollyhock USDA Althaea rosea L. (Introduced) Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, Ohio Notes: 5-petaled showy flower, red, purple, pink or white, from leaf axils or on spikes, often solitary; leaves ovate, cordate at base, shallow lobes, toothed; plant hairy, often very tall (3+ m), often cultivated in the past; summer to early fall [V Max Brown, 2004] Fringed Poppy Mallow [Winecup] USDA Callirhoe digitata Nutt. Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Busiek State Forest and Wildlife Area, Christian County, Missouri Notes: 5-petaled large and showy flower, rose to wine or wine- purple, petals finely fringed, without persistent bractlets; leaves deeply pinnatifid, 5-7+ lobes; stem glabrous and glaucous; tall erect plant; late spring to summer [V Max Brown, 2010] Purple Poppymallow USDA Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. & A. Gray) A. Gray var. Involucrata Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Springfield area, Greene County, Missouri Notes: 5-petaled large and showy flower, deep rose to wine or reddish-purple, white spot at base, one flower per peduncle; leaves pinnatifid or cleft (5-7); stem densely hairy; plant sprawling to somewhat erect; summer [V Max Brown, 2010] Halberd-Leaved Rose-Mallow USDA Hibiscus laevis All. Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Maumee River Metroparks, Lucas County, Ohio Notes: 5-petaled large and showy flower, white to pink with darker red center; note 3-pointed ‘halberd’ or hastate leaf shape; stem and leaf smooth; muddy or wet areas; summer to fall [V Max Brown, 2004] Crimsoneyed [Swamp] USDA Rosemallow Hibiscus moscheutos L. Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Maumee Bay State Park, Lucas County, Ohio Notes: 5-petaled large and showy flower, pink to white, usually with a darker red center; leaves ovate, unlobed to somewhat 3-lobed, rounded to cordate at base, downy hairy beneath as is stem; muddy or wet areas; summer to fall [V Max Brown, 2006] Rose of Sharon [Shrubby Althaea] USDA Hibiscus syriacus L. (Introduced) Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Heber Springs, Cleburne County, Arkansas Notes: woody ; 5-petaled large and showy flower, pink to white, usually with a darker red center; leaves alternate, mostly cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapering to base), glabrous, with irregular teeth; summer [V Max Brown, 2011] Flower-Of-An-Hour USDA Hibiscus trionum L. (Introduced) Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Maumee River Metroparks, Lucas County, Ohio Notes: 5-petaled flower, white to pale yellow, purple at base; leaf with long petioles, deeply lobed and usually lobed again; 5-angled inflated fruit, spreading, hairy plant; summer to fall [V Max Brown, 2005] Musk Mallow USDA Malva moschata L. (Introduced) Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Mackinac Island, Mackinac County, Michigan Notes: 5-petaled large and showy flower, white to pink to somewhat purplish, petals bluntly notched; leaves deeply pinnatifid, 5-7 lobes, lobes often toothed; summer (cultivated) [V Max Brown, 2008] Common Mallow [Cheeses] USDA Malva neglecta Wallr. (Introduced) Malvaceae (Mallow Family) University of Toledo Campus, Lucas County, Ohio Notes: 5-petaled flower, white or slightly pink, sepals lanceolate and about ½ as long as petals; leaves somewhat reniform with shallow lobes and toothed; plant prostrate to somewhat ascending; common; spring to fall [V Max Brown, 2005] Threelobe False Mallow USDA Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke (Introduced) Malvaceae (Mallow Family) San Antonio, Texas Notes: 5-petaled flower, yellow-orange, sepals triangular, sharp pointed, with fine and long hairs; leaves somewhat triangular, veins stand out, truncate to slightly angled base, coarsely toothed (dentate-crenate); stem with long and fine hairs, somewhat appressed; usually somewhat erect but this plant has been mowed regularly; disturbed sites; spring to fall [V Max Brown, 2010] Wax Mallow [Turk’s Cap] USDA Dill. ex Cav. (Introduced) Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Bexar County, Texas Notes: 5-petaled large and showy flower, bright red, petals stand erect and fold around each other; leaves cordate with a cordate base, bright green above, mostly glabrous, somewhat paler below; stem very finely hairy; bushy plant often in colonies, much cultivated; summer to fall (varieties present) [V Max Brown, 2010] Spreading Fanpetals [Sida] USDA Sida abutifolia Mill. Bates Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Friedrich Wilderness Park, Bexar County, Texas Notes: 5-petaled flower, yellow-orange, sepals sharp pointed, fine hairy; leaves triangular with cordate to truncate base, velvety hairy on both sides, coarsely toothed (dentate-crenate); stem finely hairy; spreading plant that hugs the ground,; spring to fall [V Max Brown, 2010] Prickly Fanpetals [Sida] USDA Sida spinosa L. Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Shawnee State Park, Scioto County, Ohio Notes: 5-petaled flower, yellow, sepals lanceolate and about ½ as long as petals; leaves alternate, petiolate, lanceolate to somewhat ovate, serrate to somewhat crenate, small stipules present; plant erect, often much branched; summer to late fall [V Max Brown, 2009] Desert Globemallow USDA Sphaeralcea ambigua A. Gray Malvaceae (Mallow Family) Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area, Clarke County, Nevada Notes: woody shrub; 5-petaled showy flower, usually orange (apricot-colored), sepals green; leaves alternate, somewhat triangular, 3-5 shallow lobes with rounded or scalloped edges, truncate base, hairy on both surfaces, on long petioles; fruit a capsule with many seeds; erect plant, up to 1+ m, many stems from base; desert areas, especially in alkaline soils; summer [V Max Brown, 2014]