TransCanadiana ISSN 2392-2990 Canadian Sites of Resistance: Solidarity-Struggle-Change (?) TransCanadiana TransCanadiana, Polish Journal of Canadian Studies / Revue Polonaise d Études Canadiennes Canadian Sites of Resistance: Solidarity-Struggle-Change (?) 8. 2016 8 Canadian Sites of Resistance: Solidarity-Struggle-Change (?) TransCanadiana Polish Journal of Canadian Studies / Revue Polonaise d’Études Canadiennes Canadian Sites of Resistance: Solidarity-Struggle-Change (?) 8. 2016 Poznań 2016 Rada Wydawnicza / Advisory Board / Comité de Rédaction Maciej Abramowicz (Université Marie Curie-Skłodowska, Lublin) Klaus-Dieter Ertler (Université de Graz) Yannick Gasquy-Resch (Université Aix-Marseille) Jan Grabowski (University of Ottawa) Sherrill Grace (University of British Columbia) Thomson Highway (Writer, Distinguished Visiting Professor at Brandon University) Serge Jaumain (Université Libre de Bruxelles) Smaro Kambourelli (University of Toronto) Józef Kwaterko (Université de Varsovie) Peter Kyloušek (Université Masaryk, Brno) Larissa Lai (University of British Columbia) Norman Ravvin (Concordia University; Concordia Institute for Canadian Jewish Studies, Montreal) Anna Reczyńska (Jagiellonian University, Kraków) Radosław Rybkowski (Jagiellonian University, Kraków) Eugenia Sojka (University of Silesia) Teresa Tomaszkiewicz (Université Adam Mickiewicz, Poznań) Recenzenci naukowi / Reviewers / Rapporteurs Anna Branach-Kallas (Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń); Warren Cariou (University of Manitoba); Birgit Daewes (Europa-Universität Flensburg); Giovanni Dotoli (University of Bari Aldo Moro); Michael Friedrichs (Indigenous and Cultural Studies, Association for Canadian Studies in German-Speaking Countries); Konrad Gross (University of Kiel); Krzysztof Jarosz (University of Silesia in Katowice); Józef Kwaterko (University of Warsaw); Christian Lammert (Freie Universität Berlin); Agnieszka Rzepa (Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań); Tomasz Sikora (Pedagogical University of Kraków); Eugenia Sojka (University of Silesia, Sosnowiec); Tomasz Soroka (Jagiellonian University in Kraków) Redaktorzy naczelni / Editors-in-Chief / Rédacteurs-en-chef Marcin Gabryś, Agnieszka Rzepa Redaktorzy odpowiedzialni za numer / Guest Editors / Rédacteurs responsables du numéro Anna Kricka, Hartmut Lutz, Weronika Suchacka Redaktorzy odpowiedzialni za biuletyn / Newsletter editors / Rédacteurs du Bulletin Małgorzata Czubińska Siedziba redakcji Centrum Badań Kanadyjskich gabinet C 3.30 Katedra Filologii Angielskiej UMK ul. Bojarskiego 1, 87-100 Toruń E-mail: [email protected] Poznań 2016 Projekt okładki i stron tytułowych: Zenon Dyrszka, Agnieszka Frydrychewicz Skład, łamanie i korekta: Pracownia Wydawnicza WA UAM TABLE OF CONTENTS / TABLE DES MATIÈRES Introduction / Avant-Propos ................................................ 9 Jeannette Armstrong – “Three line poems” / “Trzy linie” (Trans. Kaja Gucio) ........................................................................... 19 MÉTIS RESISTANCE Wolfgang Klooss – From Seven Oaks to Batoche: Métis Resistance in History and Narrative ........................................................................ 25 Ursula Lehmkuhl – Paradoxes of Resistance and Resilience: The Pitfalls of Métis Renaissance since the 1970s ................................... 52 Myrna Kostash – The Seven Oaks Reader (Excerpts) ............................. 73 ABORIGINAL LITERATURE OF RESISTANCE AND RESISTANCE ACTIVISM Brygida Gasztold – Reclamation, Redress, and Remembrance: Aboriginal Soldiers of the Great War in Joseph Boyden’s Three Day Road .......................................................................................... 81 Lena Ruwoldt – Learning to Walk Again: Indigenous Female “Healing Activism” in Cherie Dimaline’s Short Story “Room 414” and Contemporary Activist Movements ................................................... 102 Ina Habermann – “drifting away in the tide”: Water Symbolism and Indigenous Environmentalism in Eden Robinson’s Monkey Beach ... 123 ARTISTIC EXPRESSIONS OF RESISTANCE Katarzyna Wójcik – La société québécoise et les Autochtones. La parole inuite dans le film de Benoît Pilon, Ce qu’il faut pour vivre (2010) ........................................................................................ 147 6 Table of contents / Table des matières Krzysztof Majer – Gould / Bernhard / Girard: A Theme and Two Variations .......................................................................................... 164 POLITICS OF RESISTANCE Barbara Ludwiczak – “What is the cry even of the Canadians?”: Resistance towards Imperial Paternalism and US “braggadocio” in Anthony Trollope’s North America ................................................... 185 Raymond B. Blake – Resistance in Canada’s Federal System and the Struggle for Political Stability, Equality, and Social Justice: The Battle for Control of Newfoundland’s Offshore Oil, 1960-1985 ....... 205 Michael Keefer – Resisting McCarthyism: From the “PC Wars” to “New Antisemitism” ......................................................................... 226 NANCY BURKE BEST M.A. THESIS AWARDS / PRIX NANCY BURKE POUR LES MEILLEURES THÈSES DE MAÎTRISE Karolina Pietrzok – Studio D: Feministyczny głos w National Film Board of Canada ................................................................................ 261 Małgorzata Bobowska – Remembering Historical Violence: The Role of Photography in the Japanese Canadian Community and in Joy Kogawa’s Obasan ............................................................................. 277 Izabela Świerkot – Quebec jako przykład jurysdykcji mieszanej ........... 298 REVIEWS / COMPTES RENDUS Dagmara Drewniak – Mirosława Buchholtz and Eugenia Sojka, eds. Alice Munro: Reminiscence, Interpretation, Adaptation and Comparison. Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 2015. 225 pages. ISBN 978- 3-631-65414-9 ................................................................................... 315 Kalina Kukiełko-Rogozińska – Rita Leistner. Looking for Marshall McLuhan in Afghanistan. Chicago: Intellect, 2014. 240 pages. ISBN 979-1-78320-030-6 ............................................................................ 319 Piotr Orzeszek – Béatrice Richard, éd. La Grande Guerre de Paul Caron. Chroniques d’un légionnaire canadien-français (1914- 1917). Québec: Presses de L’Université Laval, 2014. 268 pages. ISBN 978-2-7637-2139-2 .................................................................. 322 Table of contents / Table des matières 7 Anna Reczyńska – Edward Sołtys. Black Ribbon Day. Toronto: Canadian Polish Research Institute, 2014. 313 pages. ISBN 978-0- 920517-18-5 ...................................................................................... 326 PACS NEWSLETTER / BULLETIN DE L’APEC SUBMISSIONS / SOUMISSION D'ARTICLES Weronika Suchacka University of Szczecin Hartmut Lutz formerly Universities of Greifswald and Szczecin INTRODUCTION / AVANT-PROPOS The previous volume of TransCanadiana has shown that Canada occupies an influential position in the global arena, shaping its international renown of soft power, and so while working towards its internal political, economic, social, and cultural stability and progress: Its positive image and fine international reputation in the world has been built by sticking to the rules of international law, membership in international organizations and commitment to international development agendas. Ottawa has a strong record of peacekeeping, promotion of human rights, multilateralism, and dispute resolution. Canada has also been the foremost promoter of minority rights and gender equality and the first country in the world to proclaim multiculturalism as the state’s official policy. Still leading in multiculturalism policy indexes, Canada attracts a large number of immigrants every year. (Gabryś and Soroka 7-8) Yet, as the editors of Canadian Soft Power: Dimensions of Canada’s Influence on the Outside World / Pouvoir de contraindre et pouvoir de convaincre canadiens : de l´influence du Canada `a travers le monde have also rightly pointed out, “There is, however, a darker side of Canada’s international image” (8). Indeed, Canada’s path to its positive profile worldwide has been quite winding, resting on the largely unacknowledged systemic dispossession of Indigenous populations, and being marked in its history by conflict and struggle against political enforcement, racial and ethnic prejudice, social injustice, economic inequality, and the destruction of the ecosystem. This fact is also recognized by J. Keri Cronin and Kirsty Robertson who, in their collection of essays Imagining Resistance: Visual Culture and Activism in Canada, comment upon such a conflicting image of this country in the following way: 10 Weronika Suchacka, Hartmut Lutz The depiction (both internal and external) of Canada as a peace-loving and peace- keeping nation contrasts strongly with events past and present. [which] counter any deeply held myth of a peaceful nation. Rather, the prevalence of such actions suggests that these instances are not anomalies but are instead indications of a deep commitment to the politics of control concomitant with the spread of the disciplinary tactics of neoliberalism. (2) Yet, as they succinctly conclude, “Resistance is equally present” (2). Focusing on “the role of the oppositional visual culture” in theory and practice (2), Cronin and Robertson’s collection explores thus various artistic modes of expressing opposition, including “the spectacle of public protest . [as well as] local