DOCSLIB.ORG

Taxonomic Atlas of the Water Fleas, “Cladocera” (Class Crustacea) Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve and State Nature Preserve, Ohio

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Taxonomic Atlas of the Water Fleas, “Cladocera” (Class Crustacea) Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve and State Nature Preserve, Ohio Taxonomic Atlas of the Water Fleas, “Cladocera” (Class Crustacea) Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve and State Nature Preserve, Ohio by Jakob A. Boehler, Tamara S. Keller and Kenneth A. Krieger National Center for Water Quality Research Heidelberg University Tiffin, Ohio, USA 44883 January 2012 Taxonomic Atlas of the Water Fleas, “Cladocera” (Class Crustacea) Recorded at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve and State Nature Preserve, Ohio by Jakob A. Boehler, Tamara S. Keller* and Kenneth A. Krieger Acknowledgements The authors are grateful for the assistance of Dr. David Klarer, Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve, for providing funding for this project, directing us to updated taxonomic resources and critically reviewing drafts of this atlas. We also thank Dr. Brenda Hann, Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Manitoba, for her thorough review of the final draft. This work was funded under contract to Heidelberg University by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources. This publication was supported in part by Grant Number H50/CCH524266 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve in Ohio is part of the National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS), established by Section 315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act, as amended. Additional information about the system can be obtained from the Estuarine Reserves Division, Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1305 East West Highway – N/ORM5, Silver Spring, MD 20910. Financial support for this publication was provided by a grant under the Federal Coastal Zone Management Act, administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver Spring, MD. Copies of this publication are available from the Ohio Department of Natural Resources - Division of Wildlife 2514 Cleveland Road East Huron, Ohio 44839 This publication can be downloaded at http://www.heidelberg.edu/academiclife/distinctive/ncwqr/research/reports * We greatly appreciate the efforts of Tammy Keller on early drafts of this publication and regret her death in December 2010. Introduction Both the professional field biologist and the amateur naturalist often encounter lists of Eggs animals and plants when they read published scientific reports and visit nature centers. Rarely do they have ready access to photographs for each member of the list. This document constitutes one of several chapters of a comprehensive atlas of the biota of the Old Woman Creek coastal wetland system (OWC) along the shore of Lake Erie in Ohio. This chapter provides a detailed pictorial record of a group of Daphnia retrocurva with eggs aquatic invertebrate animals called water fleas, also known as cladocerans. This atlas presents detailed photographs of critical diagnostic features that permit the Invertebrates of many kinds occur in great correct identification to species of most abundance in freshwater ecosystems, cladocerans reported to date at OWC. including Great Lakes wetlands such as the marshes and swamps that make up OWC. Cladocerans are present in a wide variety A few freshwater invertebrates, such as of freshwater habitats, especially lakes, clams and aquatic beetles, are readily ponds and wetlands. They occupy an visible because of their relatively large size. important intermediate niche in the food Many others, however, including most webs of freshwater ecosystems. Most are cladocerans, are so small that special filter-feeders, straining bacteria, tiny algae attention must be given to collecting – and and other particles from the water, whereas seeing – them. Therefore, most a few are predaceous on aquatic invertebrates go unnoticed by casual invertebrates, including other cladocerans. visitors to aquatic habitats. For many groups Cladocerans themselves are a very such as the cladocerans, once collected, important food source for many fish the ability to distinguish one kind from species. another requires careful observation through a compound microscope at Characteristics of Water Fleas magnifications as great as 1000X. Water fleas usually reproduce asexually The term “Cladocera”, though once through a process called parthenogenesis, considered to be an order within the Class in which females produce succeeding Crustacea of Phylum Arthropoda, has lost generations of females and do not mate. its taxonomic status. Rather, the name has Males and sexual reproduction are limited been retained to refer to four orders of to one or a few generations each year crustaceans that are probably not closely under specific environmental conditions. related phylogenetically. Detailed information on the complex life cycle of cladocerans can be read in Dodson and Frey (2001) and Pennak (1989). Only females are shown in this atlas unless stated otherwise. Immature F cladocerans, other than being smaller, CE possess the same diagnostic characteristics O as adults. R General features of a water flea are shown on this page. The body is divided into two obvious regions: the head (H) and a A carapace (“shell”; sometimes referred to as valves) (C) that covers the remainder of the AN body. Head structures include the first antennae (or antennules) (A), second antennae (AN), rostrum (some cladocerans) (R), fornix (F) and compound eye (CE). Some species also have an ocellus (O), or Lateral view of Alona sp. (anterior end) simple eye. Some species, such as Daphnia retrocurva, have an anterior extension of the HE head called a helmet (HE). The second antennae are much larger than the antennules and are used for swimming. They S H have two branches known as the dorsal ramus (DR) and the ventral ramus (VR). DR Swimming hairs, or setae (S), are attached to VR the second antennae. TL C The body features thoracic legs (TL), a brood chamber (in females) (BC) and a BC postabdomen (PA). A pair of postab- dominal claws (PC) protrudes from the end SS CS Lateral view of Daphnia retrocurva with eggs in brood chamber P PC PC PA ca. 25 µm Lateral view of Ceriodaphnia sp. Lateral view of Daphnia retrocurva postabdominal claw of the postabdomen. Each claw may have This publication should not be used as one or more rows of minute teeth; each row the sole source to identify the is called a pecten (P). Some species have cladocerans of OWC because it is a shell spine (SS) extending from the probable that additional families, genera carapace; some others have a cervical and species will be found in new sinus (CS) at the dorsal juncture of the collections. The references cited on the head and carapace. next page should be used to obtain definitive identifications. Resting eggs of cladocerans are occasion- ally encountered in samples. One or more Each species of water flea is illustrated and resting eggs are enclosed within a purse- described on a single page of this atlas. like, thickened part of the female carapace Because the identifying features of the called an ephippium. particular order, family and genus are repeated on each page, the page for each species can be used independently. Variations in the appearance of order, family and genus characteristics can be seen by comparing pages. Photographs are labeled with identifying letters and lines or brackets that indicate diagnostic structures. Some photographs show specimens collected within OWC; specimens from other ecosystems were used if they were of superior quality. The exact specimens photographed are recorded at the bottom of the page. Cladoceran ephippium Beneath the descriptive features, each page lists where within OWC the species Layout of this Atlas has been found. That information was derived from reports cited by Herdendorf et The following pages are organized al. (2001)*. It is likely that future alphabetically by order, family, genus and collections will reveal some of the species species. Investigators have identified 36 in additional habitats. The general ecology species of water fleas in eight families of the species is briefly summarized, (Bosminidae, Cercopagidae, Chydoridae, including its habit (such as swimmers or Daphnidae, Leptodoridae, Macrothricidae, climbers) and its functional feeding Moinidae, and Sididae) within the OWC group (such as predator). The habit and wetland system and in the adjacent wave zone of Lake Erie. We have included one * Herdendorf, C.E., R.C. Herdendorf, and D.M. species of the exotic family Cercopagidae Klarer. 2001. Catalogue of the invertebrate fauna because they are now common in Lake Erie of Old Woman Creek estuary, watershed, and adjacent waters of Lake Erie. Technical Report No. offshore of OWC and some day may 12. Old Woman Creek National Estuarine perhaps be found in the OWC system as Research Reserve & State Nature Preserve, Huron, well. Ohio. functional feeding group information is S = Smirnov, N. N. 1996. Cladocera: the generalized to the family level for each species Chydorinae and Sayciinae (Chydoridae) of the unless otherwise noted. World. In: H. J. F. Dumont, (Ed.). Guides to the Identification of the Macroinvertebrates of the All taxonomic information on each page was Continental Waters of the World. SPB derived from one or more of seven references, Academic Publishing bv. which are abbreviated as shown below followed by the page number(s): TI&H = Taylor, D. J., C. R. Ishikane, and R. A. Haney. 2002. The Systematics of Holarctic BK&D = Balcer, M. D., N. L. Korda and S. I. Bosminids and a Revision that Reconciles Dodson. 1984. Zooplankton of the Great Molecular and Morphological Evolution. Lakes: A Guide to the Identification and Limnology and Oceanography 47:1486-1495. Ecology of the Common Crustacean species. The University of Wisconsin Press. B&D = Benzie, J. A. H. 2005. Cladocera: The genus Daphnia (including Daphniopsis) (Anomopoda: Daphniidae). In: Dumont, H. J. F. (Ed.) Guides to the Identification of the Macroinvertebrates of the Continental Waters of the World.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cladocera: Anomopoda: Daphniidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Australia
    Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Ephippia belonging to Ceriodaphnia Dana, 1853 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Daphniidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Australia Thomas A. Hegna and Alexey A. Kotov ABSTRACT The first fossil ephippia (cladoceran exuvia containing resting eggs) belonging to the extant genus Ceriodaphnia (Anomopoda: Daphniidae) are reported from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) freshwater Koonwarra Fossil Bed (Strzelecki Group), South Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. They represent only the second record of (pre-Quater- nary) fossil cladoceran ephippia from Australia (Ceriodaphnia and Simocephalus, both being from Koonwarra). The occurrence of both of these genera is roughly coincident with the first occurrence of these genera elsewhere (i.e., Mongolia). This suggests that the early radiation of daphniid anomopods predates the breakup of Pangaea. In addi- tion, some putative cladoceran body fossils from the same locality are reviewed; though they are consistent with the size and shape of cladocerans, they possess no cladoceran-specific synapomorphies. They are thus regarded as indeterminate diplostracans. Thomas A. Hegna. Department of Geology, Western Illinois University, Macomb, IL 61455, USA. ta- [email protected] Alexey A. Kotov. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 119071, Russia and Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str.18, Kazan 420000, Russia. alexey-a- [email protected] Keywords: Crustacea; Branchiopoda; Cladocera; Anomopoda; Daphniidae; Cretaceous. Submission: 28 March 2016 Acceptance: 22 September 2016 INTRODUCTION tions that the sparse known fossil record does not correlate with a meager past diversity. The rarity of Water fleas (Crustacea: Cladocera) are small, the cladoceran fossils is probably an artifact, a soft-bodied branchiopod crustaceans and are a result of insufficient efforts to find them in known diverse and ubiquitous component of inland and new palaeontological collections (Kotov, aquatic communities (Dumont and Negrea, 2002).
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Copper-Washed Soil Toxicity and the Aquatic Arthropod Daphnia Magna: Effects of Copper Sulfate Treatments Amanda Bylsma and Te
    Copper-Washed Soil Toxicity and the Aquatic Arthropod Daphnia magna: Effects of Copper Sulfate Treatments Amanda Bylsma and Teri O’Meara INTRODUCTION Copper is a heavy metal which can be toxic to aquatic organisms at high concentrations. For this reason, copper sulfate has been used to treat algal blooms and invertebrate populations in residential ponds. However, there are detrimental environmental implications. Our research was motivated by the idea that copper could leach into the groundwater or be carried into a nearby lake or stream during a rainstorm. This transport could cause contamination in natural waters and create toxic soils in these natural systems. Investigation of the effects of this contamination on the soil and benthic organisms as well as pelagic organisms would then become important. Our study involved determining the amount of copper adsorbed by the soil by viewing the effects of the toxic soil on the survival rates of Daphnia magna. The area of study is the Lake Macatawa watershed. The three different water systems investigated were a lake (Kollen Park), a pond (Outdoor Discovery Center), and a creek (Pine Creek). Kollen Park was a former city landfill and Lake Macatawa is directly accessible through the park. Outdoor Discovery Center is a wildlife preserve which had one pond treated approximately 15-20 years ago, but we made sure to avoid this pond for our samples. Finally, Pine Creek samples were taken near the fork of the river just off the nature trail. These places were tested for copper and found to have negligible concentrations. Therefore, these sites were ideal for copper toxicity testing.
    [Show full text]
  • Ri Wkh% Lrorjlfdo (Iihfwv Ri 6Hohfwhg &Rqvwlwxhqwv
    Guidelines for Interpretation of the Biological Effects of Selected Constituents in Biota, Water, and Sediment November 1998 NIATIONAL RRIGATION WQATER UALITY P ROGRAM INFORMATION REPORT No. 3 United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Fish and Wildlife Service Geological Survey Bureau of Indian Affairs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ntroduction The guidelines, criteria, and other information in The Limitations of This Volume this volume were originally compiled for use by personnel conducting studies for the It is important to note five limitations on the Department of the Interior's National Irrigation material presented here: Water Quality Program (NIWQP). The purpose of these studies is to identify and address (1) Out of the hundreds of substances known irrigation-induced water quality and to affect wetlands and water bodies, this contamination problems associated with any of volume focuses on only nine constituents or the Department's water projects in the Western properties commonly identified during States. When NIWQP scientists submit NIWQP studies in the Western United samples of water, soil, sediment, eggs, or animal States—salinity, DDT, and the trace tissue for chemical analysis, they face a elements arsenic, boron, copper, mercury, challenge in determining the sig-nificance of the molybdenum, selenium, and zinc.
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution and Attachment Characteristics of Sida Crystallina (O.F
    Choi et al. Journal of Ecology and Environment (2016) 40:7 Journal of Ecology DOI 10.1186/s41610-016-0006-z and Environment RESEARCH Open Access Distribution and attachment characteristics of Sida crystallina (O.F. Müller, 1776) in lentic freshwater ecosystems of South Korea Jong-Yun Choi1*, Kwang-Seuk Jeong2,3, Seong-Ki Kim4, Se-Hwan Son1 and Gea-Jae Joo2 Abstract Background: Macrophytes are commonly utilised as habitat by epiphytic species; thus, complex macrophyte structures can support high diversities and abundances of epiphytic species. We tested the hypothesis that the presence of aquatic macrophytes is an important factor determining Sida crystallina (O.F. Müller, 1776) distribution. Results: An ecological survey was conducted in 147 lentic freshwater bodies. S. crystallina was frequently observed, and its density was strongly associated with macrophyte abundance. S. crystallina was found on emergent plant species such as Phragmites australis and Paspalum distichum, attached to the stem surfaces by adhesive substances secreted by the nuchal organ. Thus, S. crystallina was more strongly attached to macrophytes than to other epiphytic cladoceran species. We found higher densities of S. crystallina in filtered water with increased macrophyte shaking effort (i.e. 10, 20, 40, or 80 times). S. crystallina attachment was not related to fish predation. Stable isotope analysis showed that S. crystallina utilises epiphytic organic matter (EOM) on macrophytes as a food source. Conclusions: Consequently, S. crystallina seems to have a strong association with species-specific macrophyte biomass than with other cladoceran species, which may contribute to this species’ predominance in various freshwater ecosystems where macrophytes are abundant.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Flea Daphnia Sp. ILLINOIS RANGE
    water flea Daphnia sp. Kingdom: Animalia FEATURES Phylum: Arthropoda Water fleas are compressed side to side. The body Class: Branchiopoda of these microscopic organisms is enclosed in a Order: Cladocera transparent shell that usually has a spine at the end. Four, five or six pairs of swimming legs are present. Family: Daphniidae One pair of antennae is modified for swimming and ILLINOIS STATUS helps to propel the organism through the water. The end of the female’s intestine is curled, while the end common, native of the male’s intestine is straight. Water fleas have a single, compound eye. BEHAVIORS Water fleas can be found throughout Illinois in almost any body of water. They prefer open water. These small arthropods migrate up in the water at night and down in the day, although a few live on the bottom. Water flea populations generally consist only of females in the spring and summer. Reproduction at these times is by parthenogenesis (males not required for eggs to develop). In the fall, males are produced, and they mate with the females. Fertilized eggs are deposited to “rest” on the bottom until hatching in the spring or even many years later. Water fleas eat bacteria and algae. They have a life span of several weeks. ILLINOIS RANGE © Illinois Department of Natural Resources. 2021. Biodiversity of Illinois. Unless otherwise noted, photos and images © Illinois Department of Natural Resources. © Paul Herbert female with eggs Aquatic Habitats bottomland forests; lakes, ponds and reservoirs; Lake Michigan; marshes; peatlands; rivers and streams; swamps; temporary water supplies; wet prairies and fens Woodland Habitats bottomland forests; southern Illinois lowlands Prairie and Edge Habitats none © Illinois Department of Natural Resources.
    [Show full text]
  • The Benthic Feeding Ecology of Round Goby Fry Dylan Samuel Olson University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
    University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations August 2016 The Benthic Feeding Ecology of Round Goby Fry Dylan Samuel Olson University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Olson, Dylan Samuel, "The Benthic Feeding Ecology of Round Goby Fry" (2016). Theses and Dissertations. 1397. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1397 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE BENTHIC FEEDING ECOLOGY OF ROUND GOBY FRY by Dylan S. Olson A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Freshwater Sciences and Technology at The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee August 2016 ABSTRACT THE BENTHIC FEEDING ECOLOGY OF ROUND GOBY FRY by Dylan S. Olson The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2016 Under the Supervision of Professor John Janssen Larval and juvenile stage events play a dominant role in regulating the ultimate recruitment strength of fish populations. As such, the feeding ecology of early life stages are useful for interpreting the proximate causes of recruitment variability. This study provides the first targeted study of the early juvenile (“fry”) diet of the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus, Pallas 1814), a prominent Great Lakes invasive fish. Previous accounts of the diets of round goby fry in the Great Lakes have been based upon by-catch from nocturnal, pelagic studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Culturing Daphnia
    Culturing Daphnia Live Material Care Guide SCIENTIFIC BIO Background FAX! These small, laterally compressed “water fleas” are characterized by a body enclosed in a transparent bivalve shell. Their flat, transparent bodies make Daphnia an ideal organism for beginning biology exercises and experiments. Daphnia move rapidly in a jerky fashion. They have large second antennae that appear to be modified swimming appendages and assist the four to six pairs of swimming legs. During the spring and summer, females are very abundant. Eggs generally develop through parthenogenesis (a type of asexual reproduction), and may be seen in the brood chamber (see Figure 1). In the fall, males appear, and the “winter eggs” are fertilized in the brood chamber. These eggs are shed and survive the winter. In the spring, the fertilized winter eggs hatch into females. Female Daphnia can be recognized by the curved shape of the end of the intestine and the presence of a brood chamber. In the male, the intestine is a straight tube. Many of the internal struc- tures (including the beating heart) can be observed using a compound microscope. Second Antenna Compound Midgut Cecum Eye Brain Nauplius Eye Muscle First Antenna Mouth Maxillary Gland First Trunk Mandible Appendage Heart Filtering Setae Carapace Epipodite Brood Chamber Anus Egg Cell Figure 1. Daphnia Culturing/Media The most critical environmental factor to successfully culture Daphnia is temperature, which should remain close to 20 °C (68 °F). Higher temperatures may be fatal to Daphnia and lower temperatures slow reproduction. Daphnia flourish best in large containers, such as large, clear plastic or glass jars.
    [Show full text]
  • Freshwater Crustaceans As an Aboriginal Food Resource in the Northern Great Basin
    UC Merced Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology Title Freshwater Crustaceans as an Aboriginal Food Resource in the Northern Great Basin Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3w8765rq Journal Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology, 20(1) ISSN 0191-3557 Authors Henrikson, Lael S Yohe, Robert M, II Newman, Margaret E et al. Publication Date 1998-07-01 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Joumal of Califomia and Great Basin Anthropology Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 72-87 (1998). Freshwater Crustaceans as an Aboriginal Food Resource in the Northern Great Basin LAEL SUZANN HENRIKSON, Bureau of Land Management, Shoshone District, 400 W. F Street, Shoshone, ID 83352. ROBERT M. YOHE II, Archaeological Survey of Idaho, Idaho State Historical Society, 210 Main Street, Boise, ID 83702. MARGARET E. NEWMAN, Dept. of Archaeology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4. MARK DRUSS, Idaho Power Company, 1409 West Main Street, P.O. Box 70. Boise, ID 83707. Phyllopods of the genera Triops, Lepidums, and Branchinecta are common inhabitants of many ephemeral lakes in the American West. Tadpole shrimp (Triops spp. and Lepidums spp.) are known to have been a food source in Mexico, and fairy shrimp fBranchinecta spp.) were eaten by the aborigi­ nal occupants of the Great Basin. Where found, these crustaceans generally occur in numbers large enough to supply abundant calories and nutrients to humans. Several ephemeral lakes studied in the Mojave Desert arul northern Great Basin currently sustain large seasonal populations of these crusta­ ceans and also are surrounded by numerous small prehistoric camp sites that typically contain small artifactual assemblages consisting largely of milling implements.
    [Show full text]
  • The Status of Some Exotic Cladoceran (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) Species in the Belgian Fauna
    BULLETIN DE L’INSTITUT ROYAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE BIOLOGIE, 72-SUPPL.: 87-88, 2002 BULLETIN VAN HET KONINKLIJK BELGISCH INSTITUUT VOOR NATUURWETENSCHAPPEN BIOLOGIE, 72-SUPPL.: 87-88, 2002 The status of some exotic cladoceran (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) species in the Belgian fauna L. DE MEESTER, L. FORRÓ, E. MICHELS, K. COTTENIE, G. LOUETTE & H.J. DUMONT Introduction prep.). The natural range of this species is situated in the Far East (GOULDEN 1968) but it has also been reported as We report the occurrence of some exotic cladocerans an exotic species from Southern and Eastern Europe. It is (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in Flanders, Belgium. In ad- very likely that the species arrived in our region through dition to well-established exotics such as Daphnia ambi- fish stocking. Moina weismanni can easily be recognized gua and Daphnia parvula, we also report on the occur- from Moina micrura by the unique ornamentation of the rence of a previously unreported species from the Belgian surface of the resting egg capsule (ephippium). fauna, Moina weismanni. These reports on alien species add to the general observation that aquatic habitats seem The amount of exotic species in aquatic habitats is to be very prone to the invasion of exotic species, astonishing and obvious to all field workers. Sampling amongst others due to the construction of canals and ponds in the nature reserve De Maten, formerly used as the frequent and often uncontrolled translocations and fishponds, has revealed exotic species in a wide variety of stocking of fish. taxa (K. COTTENIE, E. MICHELS & S. DECLERCK, pers. obs.). In addition to the effects of the construction of canals, it is clear that the widespread and often uncontrolled transloca- Discussion tion of fish in relation to fish culture and angling results in a serious risk of contamination with exotic species.
    [Show full text]
  • Fagutredning, Prosjekt Nr
    Müller - Sars Selskapet – Drøbak Daphnia lacustris (v.ø.), D. l. alpina (h.ø.): store, lavpredasjonsdaphnier og Lough Slieveaneena, Irland; oceanisk lavpredasjoninnsjø med bare ørret og store D. longispina Vedvarende menneskeindusert spredning av bredspektret ferskvannsfisk til og internt i Norge: et holarktisk, økologisk perspektiv Rapport nr. 10-2009 Drøbak 2009 ISBN: 978-82-8030-003-4 Ekstrakt Menneskeindusert spredning av fisk med bredspektret fødevalg, som karpefisk og gjedde, påvirker nå følsomme økosystemer i store deler av Norge. Mens en pest-art som ørekyte (Phoxinus phoxinus) kan leve over et meget bredt temperaturområde, og finnes like vanlig i høyfjellet som i karpefiskområder i lavlandet og på kontinentet, har andre karpefisk og nordlig gjedde (Esox lucius) vanligvis et trangere temperaturområde, slik som de siste spredningsartene i Norge: sørv (Scardinius erythrophthalmus), suter (Tinca tinca) og regnlaue (Leucaspius delineatus). Arter som karpe, mort, karuss, gullvederbuk og stingsild kan og også spres med menneskers hjelp. I tillegg ble mataukfisk som kanadisk bekkerøye spredd under perioden med forsuring i Norge og regnbueørret er satt ut ulike steder i landet gjennom flere tiår. Spredning av ørekyte og de tidligere utsettingene av faunafremmede laksefisk blir gitt stor oppmerksomhet i forvaltning og forskning, mens spredning av øvrige karpefisk og gjedde til ekstremt sjeldne økosystemer i norsk lavland får utvikle seg relativt fritt i det ”oppvirvlede støvet” rundt ørekyte og laksefiskene. På grunn av landets steile topografi og lange, sammenhengende fjellkjeder mot invasjonssentre, og -regioner, var det alltid problematisk for ferskvannsfisk å spre seg over hele Norge, før menneskene ankom. Etter siste istid har imidlertid menneskene båret fisk over det meste av landet.
    [Show full text]
  • Separation of Anthalona Gen.N. from Alona Baird, 1843 (Branchiopoda: Cladocera: Anomopoda): Morphology and Evolution of Scraping Stenothermic Alonines
    Zootaxa 2875: 1–64 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) ZOOTAXA 2875 Separation of Anthalona gen.n. from Alona Baird, 1843 (Branchiopoda: Cladocera: Anomopoda): morphology and evolution of scraping stenothermic alonines KAY VAN DAMME1,3, ARTEM YU SINEV² & HENRI J. DUMONT1 1Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstr 35, B–9000 Belgium 2Lomonosov State University, Biology Fac., Dept. Invertebrate Zool., Moscow 119991, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by M. Alonso: 28 Feb. 2011; published: 11 May 2011 Kay Van Damme, Artem Yu Sinev & Henri J. Dumont Separation of Anthalona gen.n. from Alona Baird, 1843 (Branchiopoda: Cladocera: Anomopoda): morphology and evolution of scraping stenothermic alonines (Zootaxa 2875) 64 pp.; 30 cm. 11 May 2011 ISBN 978-1-86977-725-8 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-86977-726-5 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2011 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2011 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use. ISSN 1175-5326 (Print edition) ISSN 1175-5334 (Online edition) 2 · Zootaxa 2875 © 2011 Magnolia Press VAN DAMME ET AL.
    [Show full text]
  • Orden CTENOPODA Manual
    Revista IDE@-SEA, nº 69 (30-06-2015): 1-7. ISSN 2386-7183 1 Ibero Diversidad Entomológica @ccesible www.sea-entomologia.org/IDE@ Clase: Branchiopoda Orden CTENOPODA Manual CLASE BRANCHIOPODA Orden Ctenopoda Jordi Sala1, Juan García-de-Lomas2 & Miguel Alonso3 1 GRECO, Institut d’Ecologia Aquàtica, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071, Girona (España). [email protected] 2 Grupo de Investigación Estructura y Dinámica de Ecosistemas Acuáticos, Universidad de Cádiz, Pol. Río San Pedro s/n. 11510, Puerto Real (Cádiz, España). 3 Departament d'Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona (España). 1. Breve definición del grupo y principales caracteres diagnósticos El orden Ctenopoda es un pequeño grupo de crustáceos branquiópodos con más de 50 especies a nivel mundial presentes especialmente en aguas continentales, excepto dos géneros (Penilia Dana, 1852 y Pseudopenilia Sergeeva, 2004) que habitan en aguas marinas. Se caracterizan por su pequeño tamaño, por una tagmosis poco aparente, diferenciando una región cefálica y una región postcefálica (ésta recu- bierta por un caparazón bivalvo), por sus toracópodos (o apéndices torácicos) homónomos (o sea, sin una diferenciación marcada entre ellos), y por no presentar efipio para proteger los huevos gametogenéticos (al contrario que los Anomopoda; véase Sala et al., 2015). Al igual que los Anomopoda, los primeros restos fósiles inequívocos de Ctenopoda pertenecen al Mesozoico (Kotov & Korovchinsky, 2006). 1.1. Morfología En general, el cuerpo de los Ctenopoda es corto, con una forma más o menos elipsoidal o ovalada, y comprimido lateralmente. La cabeza suele ser grande, no está recubierta por un escudo o yelmo cefálico (en contraposición con los Anomopoda), y concede protección a los órganos internos, principalmente el ojo compuesto, el ojo naupliar (no presente en todas las especies), y parte del sistema nervioso.
    [Show full text]