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Workshop Manual: Aquatic Invasive Species AIS Workshop Workshop Manual: Aquatic Invasive Species An Introduction to Identification, Collection and Reporting of Aquatic Invasive Species in Ontario Waters AIS Workshop Copyright 2008 © MNR and OFAH Cover Photographs (left to right): Top row – Peter W. Bergstrom, Wasyl Bakowsky, Donald Sutherland Middle Row – Dale Westaby, Dave Britton, Steven Pothoven Bottom Row – John Lyons, Michael Butler, David Rieks 1 AIS Workshop Contents LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................... 47 LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................... 47 0 ABOUT THIS WORKSHOP.......................................................................... 57 A0 BOUT THIS WORKSHOP.......................................................................... 58 Learning5 Outcomes............................................................................. 68 O1 VERVIEW ............................................................................................... 78 Introduction to Aquatic Invasive Species ........................................... 78 Historical6 Perspective in Brief............................................................ 98 Pathways ............................................................................................. 98 Response7 to Aquatic Invasive Species.............................................. 128 National Strategy and Action Plan..........................................................128 8 Additional Information ..................................................................... 198 Introduction9 to AIS – Demonstration ............................................... 228 AIS - Ontario North .......................................................................... 259 1 9 Didymo – Didymosphenia geminata .....................................................26 Flowering1 Rush – Butomus umbellatus ..................................................279 1 9 Eurasian Water Milfoil – Myriophyllum spicatum .................................28 Yellow1 Iris – Iris pseudacorus................................................................299 2 9 European Common Reed – Phragmites australis subsp. australis.........30 Curly-leaved2 Pondweed – Potamogeton crispus ....................................319 2 9 Rusty Crayfish – Orconectes rusticus ....................................................32 Spiny Waterflea – Bythotrephes longimanus..........................................349 Quagga2 Mussel – Dreissena bugensis ....................................................369 2 1 Zebra Mussel – Dreissena polymorpha..................................................36 New2 Zealand Mud Snail – Potamopyrgus antipodarum ........................381 2 1 Fourspine Stickleback – Apeltes quadracus ...........................................39 Threespine2 Stickleback – Gasterosteus aculeatus..................................391 2 1 Round Goby – Neogobius melanostomus...............................................41 Rainbow2 Smelt – Osmerus mordax ........................................................431 3 1 Eurasian Ruffe – Gymnocephalus cernuus.............................................45 AIS1 - Ontario South .......................................................................... 461 3 1 Fanwort – Cabomba caroliniana............................................................47 Eurasian3 Water Milfoil – Myriophyllum spicatum .................................491 3 1 European Frog-Bit – Hydrocharis morsus-ranae...................................50 Yellow3 Iris – Iris pseudacorus................................................................521 3 1 European Common Reed – Phragmites australis subsp. australis.........53 European3 Water Chestnut – Trapa natans..............................................541 3 1 Rusty Crayfish – Orconectes rusticus ....................................................55 Spiny Waterflea – Bythotrephes longimanus..........................................571 2 AIS Workshop 3 1 Quagga Mussel – Dreissena bugensis ....................................................59 Zebra3 Mussel – Dreissena polymorpha..................................................591 4 1 Red Mysid – Hemimysis anomala ..........................................................61 Banded4 Mystery Snail – Viviparus georgianus ......................................621 4 1 Grass Carp – Ctenopharyngodon idella..................................................63 Rudd4 – Scardinus erythropthalmus ........................................................651 4 1 Round Goby – Neogobius melanostomus...............................................66 R2 EPORTING PROCEDURE ........................................................................ 681 P3 REVENTION AND DECONTAMINATION MEASURES................................ 701 1 Best Management Practices .............................................................. 701 4 1 Options for Chemical Disinfection .........................................................75 L4 ABORATORY ACTIVITIES...................................................................... 761 Activity4 1: Decontamination and Prevention of AIS (Case Studies)......771 4 1 Activity 2a: Preparing Algae Sample – Preparation in Lugol’s solution 78 Activity4 3: Preparing Plant Samples – Pressing ....................................791 4 1 Activity 4: Preparing Fish Samples – Digital Photography....................80 Activity 5: Encountering an Invasive Plant or Invertebrate in the Field 811 Activity 6: Encountering an Invasive Fish in the Field ..........................831 Glossary1 of Terms............................................................................. 851 Plants.......................................................................................................851 Invertebrates ...........................................................................................881 Fish: ........................................................................................................901 Useful1 Resources for Species Identification..................................... 921 Information1 and Educational Products Available from the Invading Species Awareness Program............................................................. 941 References.........................................................................................1 951 3 AIS Workshop List of Figures Figure6 1. Common Characteristics of AIS.............................................................81 Figure6 2. A variety of educational materials including tackle box stickers, and refrigerator magnets have been developed for the public through the Invasive Species Awareness Program. These materials remind cottagers, boaters and other user groups about their role in AIS prevention and management...............161 Figure6 3. Map showing the two geographic regions applicable to this workshop: Ontario North and Ontario South (modified from Natural Resources Canada [NRC], 2000). ......................................................................................................221 Figure6 4. Ontario North – Including the French River, Lake Nipissing (modified from NRC 2000). .................................................................................................251 Figure6 5. Ontario South – Not including the French River and Lake Nipissing (modified from NRC 2000). ................................................................................461 Figure6 6. Information to record upon encountering AIS. The fields marked with an asterisks (*) are the most important to f ill, if not all information can be recorded (MNR, 2008).........................................................................................691 List of Tables Table7 1. Workshop Topics, Structure and Learning Outcomes.................. 61 Table7 2. Seven Pathways for the Introduction and Spread of AIS. .......... 101 Table7 3. Contacts for Information on Aquatic Invasive Species .............. 201 Table7 4. Best Management Practices for the Decontamination of Sampling and Personal Gear ..................................................................................... 721 Table7 5. Best Management Practices for the Decontamination of Transportation Equipment (excluding float planes) ................................. 731 Table7 6. Best Managment Practices for the Decontamination of Float Planes ........................................................................................................ 741 Table7 7. Volumes of water of salt required to prepare a saltwater solution effective for the decontamination of zebra mussel. .................................. 751 4 AIS Workshop About this Workshop Set rules of the day: The Ministry of Natural Resource’s (MNR) Aquatic Invasive Species One person speaks Program conducted a province-wide questionnaire of resource at a time, be respectful, smile. professionals in 2005 and a multi-agency and organization workshop in 2006. The aim was to find out about: 1. the regular activities (research, assessment, surveys, monitoring, etc.) occurring in aquatic ecosystems that detect (intentionally or accidentally) invasive species; Timing: 2.5 min 2. actions undertaken when invasive species are encountered; and 3. how to increase participation of these professionals in monitoring and reporting introductions and the spread of invasive species in Ontario. The Field Guide to Aquatic Invasive Species (Field Guide; MNR, 2008), and this workshop were designed
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