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Borobudur 1 Pm
BOROBUDUR SHIP RECONSTRUCTION: DESIGN OUTLINE The intention is to develop a reconstruction of the type of large outrigger vessels depicted at Borobudur in a form suitable for ocean voyaging DISTANCES AND DURATION OF VOYAGES and recreating the first millennium Indonesian voyaging to Madagascar and Africa. Distances: Sunda Strait to Southern Maldives: Approx. 1600 n.m. The vessel should be capable of transporting some Maldives to Northern Madagascar: Approx. 1300 n.m. 25-30 persons, all necessary provisions, stores and a cargo of a few cubic metres volume. Assuming that the voyaging route to Madagascar was via the Maldives, a reasonably swift vessel As far as possible the reconstruction will be built could expect to make each leg of the voyage in using construction techniques from 1st millennium approximately two weeks in the southern winter Southeast Asia: edge-doweled planking, lashings months when good southeasterly winds can be to lugs on the inboard face of planks (tambuku) to expected. However, a period of calm can be secure the frames, and multiple through-beams to experienced at any time of year and provisioning strengthen the hull structure. for three-four weeks would be prudent. The Maldives would provide limited opportunity There are five bas-relief depictions of large vessels for re-provisioning. It can be assumed that rice with outriggers in the galleries of Borobudur. They sufficient for protracted voyaging would be carried are not five depictions of the same vessel. While from Java. the five vessels are obviously similar and may be seen as illustrating a distinct type of vessel there are differences in the clearly observed details. -
Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia
Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia Submitted in accordance with Foreign Assistance Act Sections 118/119 February 20, 2004 Prepared for USAID/Indonesia Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan No. 3-5 Jakarta 10110 Indonesia Prepared by Steve Rhee, M.E.Sc. Darrell Kitchener, Ph.D. Tim Brown, Ph.D. Reed Merrill, M.Sc. Russ Dilts, Ph.D. Stacey Tighe, Ph.D. Table of Contents Table of Contents............................................................................................................................. i List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. v List of Figures............................................................................................................................... vii Acronyms....................................................................................................................................... ix Executive Summary.................................................................................................................... xvii 1. Introduction............................................................................................................................1- 1 2. Legislative and Institutional Structure Affecting Biological Resources...............................2 - 1 2.1 Government of Indonesia................................................................................................2 - 2 2.1.1 Legislative Basis for Protection and Management of Biodiversity and -
Morphological and Genetic Studies of the Masked Flying Fox, Pteropus Personatus; with a New Subspecies Description from Gag Island, Indonesia
Treubia 43: 31–46, December 2016 MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC STUDIES OF THE MASKED FLYING FOX, PTEROPUS PERSONATUS; WITH A NEW SUBSPECIES DESCRIPTION FROM GAG ISLAND, INDONESIA Sigit Wiantoro*1 and Ibnu Maryanto1 1Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received: 11 May 2016; Accepted: 30 November 2016 ABSTRACT The study on the specimens of Masked Flying Fox, Pteropus personatus from Gag and Moluccas Islands, Indonesia was conducted by using morphological and genetic analyses. Morphologically, the specimens from Gag are different from the other populations in Moluccas Islands by the smaller size of skull, dental and other external measurements. Based on the measurements of the specimens, the population from Gag Island is identified as P. personatus acityae n. subsp. The phylogenetic reconstruction based on partial cytochrome b sequences also support the differences between P. personatus acityae n. subsp and Pteropus personatus personatus. Thus, recently two subspecies of P. personatus are recognised from its distribution areas. Key words: flying fox, Gag Island, new subspecies, Pteropus personatus INTRODUCTION The direct and indirect of long term histories of geology epoch affected the species number and endemicity of mammals. For instance, South West Pacific and Moluccas Islands which have more than 230 indigenous species of mammals are higher compared to 196 species in Sumatra, 183 species in Java, 126 species in Sulawesi and 180 species in New Guinea (Flannery 1995, Helgen 2005). Among them, bats are the best represented mammals which have approximately 64 % of the total fauna. -
Local Trade Networks in Maluku in the 16Th, 17Th and 18Th Centuries
CAKALELEVOL. 2, :-f0. 2 (1991), PP. LOCAL TRADE NETWORKS IN MALUKU IN THE 16TH, 17TH, AND 18TH CENTURIES LEONARD Y. ANDAYA U:-fIVERSITY OF From an outsider's viewpoint, the diversity of language and ethnic groups scattered through numerous small and often inaccessible islands in Maluku might appear to be a major deterrent to economic contact between communities. But it was because these groups lived on small islands or in forested larger islands with limited arable land that trade with their neighbors was an economic necessity Distrust of strangers was often overcome through marriage or trade partnerships. However, the most . effective justification for cooperation among groups in Maluku was adherence to common origin myths which established familial links with societies as far west as Butung and as far east as the Papuan islands. I The records of the Dutch East India Company housed in the State Archives in The Hague offer a useful glimpse of the operation of local trading networks in Maluku. Although concerned principally with their own economic activities in the area, the Dutch found it necessary to understand something of the nature of Indigenous exchange relationships. The information, however, never formed the basis for a report, but is scattered in various documents in the form of observations or personal experiences of Dutch officials. From these pieces of information it is possible to reconstruct some of the complexity of the exchange in MaJuku in these centuries and to observe the dynamism of local groups in adapting to new economic developments in the area. In addition to the Malukans, there were two foreign groups who were essential to the successful integration of the local trade networks: the and the Chinese. -
BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Dasar Pemikiran Bangsa Indonesia Sejak
1 BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Dasar Pemikiran Bangsa Indonesia sejak dahulu sudah dikenal sebagai bangsa pelaut yang menguasai jalur-jalur perdagangan. Sebagai bangsa pelaut maka pengetahuan kita akan teknologi perkapalan Nusantara pun seharusnya kita ketahui. Catatan-catatan sejarah serta bukti-bukti tentang teknologi perkapalan Nusantara pada masa klasik memang sangatlah minim. Perkapalan Nusantara pada masa klasik, khususnya pada masa kerajaan Hindu-Buddha tidak meninggalkan bukti lukisan-lukisan bentuk kapalnya, berbeda dengan bangsa Eropa seperti Yunani dan Romawi yang bentuk kapal-kapal mereka banyak terdapat didalam lukisan yang menghiasi benda porselen. Penemuan bangkai-bangkai kapal yang berasal dari abad ini pun tidak bisa menggambarkan lebih lanjut bagaimana bentuk aslinya dikarenakan tidak ditemukan secara utuh, hanya sisa-sisanya saja. Sejak kedatangan bangsa Eropa ke Nusantara pada abad ke 16, bukti-bukti mengenai perkapalan yang dibuat dan digunakan di Nusantara mulai terbuka. Catatan-catatan para pelaut Eropa mengenai pertemuan mereka dengan kapal- kapal Nusantara, serta berbagai lukisan-lukisan kota-kota pelabuhan di Nusantara yang juga dibuat oleh orang-orang Eropa. Sejak abad ke-17, di Eropa berkembang seni lukis naturalistis, yang coba mereproduksi keadaan sesuatu obyek dengan senyata mungkin; gambar dan lukisan yang dihasilkannya membahas juga pemandangan-pemandangan kota, benteng, pelabuhan, bahkan pemandangan alam 2 di Asia, di mana di sana-sini terdapat pula gambar perahu-perahu Nusantara.1 Catatan-catatan Eropa ini pun memuat nama-nama dari kapal-kapal Nusantara ini, yang ternyata sebagian masih ada hingga sekarang. Dengan menggunakan cacatan-catatan serta lukisan-lukisan bangsa Eropa, dan membandingkan bentuk kapalnya dengan bukti-bukti kapal yang masih digunakan hingga sekarang, maka kita pun bisa memunculkan kembali bentuk- bentuk kapal Nusantara yang digunakan pada abad-abad 16 hingga 18. -
Bachelor Thesis & Colloquium – Me 141502 Design of an Alternative Electrical Powerplant Using Combination System Between G
BACHELOR THESIS & COLLOQUIUM – ME 141502 DESIGN OF AN ALTERNATIVE ELECTRICAL POWERPLANT USING COMBINATION SYSTEM BETWEEN GORLOV HELICAL TURBINE, SAVONIUS WIND TURBINE AND CONNECTED SURFACE BUOY SYSTEM AS A SOLUTION OF ELECTRICALLY ENERGY CRISIS IN EASTERN INDONESIA MUHAMMAD RIZQI MUBAROK NRP 04211441000012 Supervisors : Ir. Agoes Achmad Masroeri, M.Eng., D.Eng Ir. Hari Prastowo, M.Sc. DOUBLE DEGREE PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ENGINEERING FACULTY OF MARINE TECHNOLOGY INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER SURABAYA 2018 BACHELOR THESIS & COLLOQUIUM – ME 141502 DESIGN OF AN ALTERNATIVE ELECTRICAL POWERPLANT USING COMBINATION SYSTEM BETWEEN GORLOV HELICAL TURBINE, SAVONIUS WIND TURBINE AND CONNECTED SURFACE BUOY SYSTEM AS A SOLUTION OF ELECTRICALLY ENERGY CRISIS IN EASTERN INDONESIA MUHAMMAD RIZQI MUBAROK NRP 04211441000012 Supervisors : Ir. Agoes Achmad Masroeri, M.Eng., D.Eng Ir. Hari Prastowo, M.Sc. DOUBLE DEGREE PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ENGINEERING FACULTY OF MARINE TECHNOLOGY INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER SURABAYA 2018 iii “This page is intentionally left blank” iv APPROVAL FORM DESIGN OF AN ALTERNATIVE ELECTRICAL POWERPLANT USING COMBINATION SYSTEM BETWEEN GORLOV HELICAL TURBINE, SAVONIUS WIND TURBINE AND CONNECTED SURFACE BUOY SYSTEM AS A SOLUTION OF ELECTRICALLY ENERGY CRISIS IN EASTERN INDONESIA BACHELOR THESIS & COLLOQUIUM Asked To fulfill one of the requirement obtaining a Double Degree of Bachelor Engineering in Study Field Marine Electrical and Automation System (MEAS) S-1 Double Degree Program Department of Marine Engineering -
Under the Volcano
Under the Volcano Future perspectives of Ternate’s Historical Urban Landscape Under the Volcano Future perspectives of Ternate’s Historical Urban Landscape Under the Volcano Future perspectives of Ternate’s Historical Urban Landscape Report of the Ternate Conservation and Development Workshop Kota Ternate, 24-28 September 2012 Jean-Paul Corten, Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands Maulana Ibrahim, Universitas Khairun, Ternate, Indonesia Students of Universitas Khairun: Abdul Malik Pellu Arie Hendra Dessy Prawasti Ikbal Akili Irfan Jubbai Marasabessy Kodradi A.K. Sero Sero Rosmiati Hamisi Surahman Marsaoly Members of Ternate Heritage Society: Azwar Ahmad A. Fachrudin A.B. M. Diki Dabi Dabi Ridwan Ade Colophon Department: Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands Ministry of Education, Culture and Science Project name: Ternate Conservation and Development Workshop Version: 1.0 Date: July 2016 Contact: Jean-Paul Corten [email protected] Authors: Jean-Paul Corten, Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands Maulana Ibrahim, Universitas Khairun, Ternate, Indonesia Photo’s: Maulana Ibrahim Cover image: The Island of Ternate seen from the air (Maulana Ibrahim 2012) Design: En Publique, Utrecht Print: Xerox/OTB, The Hague © Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands, Amersfoort 2016 Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands P.O.Box 1600 3800 BP Amersfoort the Netherlands culturalheritageagency.nl/en Content 1. Introduction 7 2. Historical Urban Landscapes 9 3. Past developments 11 4. Present situation 15 Urban quality 15 Technical condition 16 Current use 18 Strengths and weaknesses 18 5. Future perspectives 21 Development opportunities and risks 21 Restoration need 22 Participating students of the Khairun University (Maulana Ibrahim 2012) 6 — Map of Northern Maluku 1. -
Waves of Destruction in the East Indies: the Wichmann Catalogue of Earthquakes and Tsunami in the Indonesian Region from 1538 to 1877
Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on May 24, 2016 Waves of destruction in the East Indies: the Wichmann catalogue of earthquakes and tsunami in the Indonesian region from 1538 to 1877 RON HARRIS1* & JONATHAN MAJOR1,2 1Department of Geological Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602–4606, USA 2Present address: Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78758, USA *Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]) Abstract: The two volumes of Arthur Wichmann’s Die Erdbeben Des Indischen Archipels [The Earthquakes of the Indian Archipelago] (1918 and 1922) document 61 regional earthquakes and 36 tsunamis between 1538 and 1877 in the Indonesian region. The largest and best documented are the events of 1770 and 1859 in the Molucca Sea region, of 1629, 1774 and 1852 in the Banda Sea region, the 1820 event in Makassar, the 1857 event in Dili, Timor, the 1815 event in Bali and Lom- bok, the events of 1699, 1771, 1780, 1815, 1848 and 1852 in Java, and the events of 1797, 1818, 1833 and 1861 in Sumatra. Most of these events caused damage over a broad region, and are asso- ciated with years of temporal and spatial clustering of earthquakes. The earthquakes left many cit- ies in ‘rubble heaps’. Some events spawned tsunamis with run-up heights .15 m that swept many coastal villages away. 2004 marked the recurrence of some of these events in western Indonesia. However, there has not been a major shallow earthquake (M ≥ 8) in Java and eastern Indonesia for the past 160 years. -
Sultan Zainal Abidin Syah: from the Kingdomcontents of Tidore to the Republic of Indonesia Foreword
TAWARIKH:TAWARIKH: Journal Journal of Historicalof Historical Studies Studies,, VolumeVolume 12(1), 11(2), October April 2020 2020 Volume 11(2), April 2020 p-ISSN 2085-0980, e-ISSN 2685-2284 ABDUL HARIS FATGEHIPON & SATRIONO PRIYO UTOMO Sultan Zainal Abidin Syah: From the KingdomContents of Tidore to the Republic of Indonesia Foreword. [ii] JOHANABSTRACT: WAHYUDI This paper& M. DIEN– using MAJID, the qualitative approach, historical method, and literature review The– discussesHajj in Indonesia Zainal Abidin and Brunei Syah as Darussalam the first Governor in XIX of – WestXX AD: Irian and, at the same time, as Sultan of A ComparisonTidore in North Study Maluku,. [91-102] Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that the political process of the West Irian struggle will not have an important influence in the Indonesian revolution without the MOHAMMADfirmness of the IMAM Tidore FARISI Sultanate, & ARY namely PURWANTININGSIH Sultan Zainal Abidin, Syah. The assertion given by Sultan TheZainal September Abidin 30 Syahth Movement in rejecting and the Aftermath results of in the Indonesian KMB (Konferensi Collective Meja Memory Bundar or Round Table andConference) Revolution: in A 1949, Lesson because for the the Nation KMB. [103-128]sought to separate West Irian from Indonesian territory. The appointment of Zainal Abidin Syah as Sultan took place in Denpasar, Bali, in 1946, and his MARYcoronation O. ESERE, was carried out a year later in January 1947 in Soa Sio, Tidore. Zainal Abidin Syah was Historicalas the first Overview Governor of ofGuidance West Irian, and which Counselling was installed Practices on 23 inrd NigeriaSeptember. [129-142] 1956. Ali Sastroamidjojo’s Cabinet formed the Province of West Irian, whose capital was located in Soa Sio. -
A Comparative Dictionary of Orokolo, Gulf of Papua
PACIFIC LINGUISTICS Series C - No. 84 A COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY OF OROKOLO, GULF OF PAPUA by Herbert A. Brown wi th line illustrations by the author Department of Linguistics Research School of Pacific Studies THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Brown, H.A. A comparative dictionary of Orokolo, Gulf of Papua. C-84, xxii + 275 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1986. DOI:10.15144/PL-C84.cover ©1986 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. PACIFIC LINGUISTICS is issued through the Linguistic Circle of Canberra and consists of four series: SERIES A - Occasional Papers SERIES B - Monographs SERIES C - Books SERIES D - Special Publications EDITOR: S.A. Wurm ASSOCIATE EDITORS: D.C. Laycock, C.L. Voorhoeve, D.T. Tryon, T.E. Dutton EDITORIAL ADVISERS: B.W. Bender K.A. McElhanon University of Hawaii Summer Institute of Linguistics David Bradley H.P. McKaughan La Trobe University University of Hawaii A. Capell P. MUhlhausler University of Sydney Linacre College, Oxford Michael G. Clyne G.N. O'Grady Monash University University of Victoria, B.C. S.H. Elbert A.K. Pawley University of Hawaii University of Auckland K.J. Franklin K.L. Pike Summer Institute of Linguistics Summer Institute of Linguistics W.W. Glover E.C. Polome Summer Institute of Linguistics University of Texas G.W. Grace Malcolm Ross University of Hawaii Australian National University M.A.K. Halliday Gillian Sankoff University of Sydney University of Pennsylvania E. Haugen W.A.L. Stokhof Harvard University University of Leiden A. -
INDO 92 0 1319755155 59 96.Pdf (1006.Kb)
"The Single Most Astonishing Fact of Human Geography": Indonesia's Far W est Colony Ann Kumar The title of this paper is taken from the following paragraph by Jared Diamond: These Austronesians, with their Austronesian language and modified Austronesian culture, were already established on Madagascar by the time it was first visited by Europeans, in 1500. This strikes me as the single most astonishing fact of human geography for the entire world. It's as if Columbus, on reaching Cuba, had found it occupied by blue-eyed, blond-haired Scandinavians speaking a language close to Swedish, even though the nearby North American continent was inhabited by Native Americans speaking Amerindian languages. How on earth could prehistoric people from Borneo, presumably voyaging on boats without maps or compasses, end up in Madagascar?1 Though he regards the presence of these "prehistoric people from Borneo" on the isolated island of Madagascar as the most astonishing fact of human geography, Diamond does not, to his credit, dismiss it as impossible: he recognizes the strength of the evidence. Not only do Madagascans look astonishingly like Indonesians, they also speak a language that derives from Borneo (Kalimantan). This paper surveys the long series of studies that established this linguistic relationship and deals with a number of different types of evidence not examined by Diamond. It is hoped that this will answer 1 Jared Diamond, Guns, Germs, and Steel: A Short History of Everybody for the Last 13,000 Years (London: Vintage, 1998), p. 381. Indonesia 92 (October 2011) 60 Ann Kumar his "how on earth" question, and it may be possible to answer the "why on earth" question as well. -
Dutch East Indies)
.1" >. -. DS 6/5- GOiENELL' IJNIVERSIT> LIBRARIES riilACA, N. Y. 1483 M. Echols cm Soutbeast. Asia M. OLIN LIBRARY CORNELL UNIVERSITY LlflfiAfiY 3 1924 062 748 995 Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924062748995 I.D. 1209 A MANUAL OF NETHERLANDS INDIA (DUTCH EAST INDIES) Compiled by the Geographical Section of the Naval Intelligence Division, Naval Staff, Admiralty LONDON : - PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. To be purchased through any Bookseller or directly from H.M. STATIONERY OFFICE at the following addresses: Imperial House, Kinqswat, London, W.C. 2, and ,28 Abingdon Street, London, S.W.I; 37 Peter Street, Manchester; 1 St. Andrew's Crescent, Cardiff; 23 Forth Street, Edinburgh; or from E. PONSONBY, Ltd., 116 Grafton Street, Dublin. Price 10s. net Printed under the authority of His Majesty's Stationery Office By Frederick Hall at the University Press, Oxford. ill ^ — CONTENTS CHAP. PAGE I. Introduction and General Survey . 9 The Malay Archipelago and the Dutch possessions—Area Physical geography of the archipelago—Frontiers and adjacent territories—Lines of international communication—Dutch progress in Netherlands India (Relative importance of Java Summary of economic development—Administrative and economic problems—Comments on Dutch administration). II. Physical Geography and Geology . .21 Jaya—Islands adjacent to Java—Sumatra^^Islands adja- — cent to Sumatra—Borneo ^Islands —adjacent to Borneo CeLel3^—Islands adjacent to Celebes ^The Mpluoeas—^Dutoh_ QQ New Guinea—^Islands adjacent to New Guinea—Leaser Sunda Islands.