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The Origin and Spread of the Jawi Script
Sub-regional Symposium on the Incorporation of the Languages of Asian Muslim Peoples into the Standardized Quranic Script 2008 ﻧﺪﻭﺓ November 7-5 ﺷﺒﻪ ,Kuala Lumpur ﺇﻗﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ ,(SQSP) ﺣﻮﻝ:Project ﺇﺩﺭﺍﺝ ﻟﻐﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺏ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺁﺳﻴﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﱐ 7_9 ﺫﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﻌﺪﺓ 1429 ﻫـ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﻓﻖ 5-7 ﻧﻮﻓﻤﱪ 2008 ﻡ ﻗﺎﻋﺔ ﳎﻠﺲ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺗﺬﺓ : ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ ﲟﺎﻟﻴﺰﻳﺎ THE ORIGIN AND SPREAD OF THE JAWI SCRIPT Amat Juhari Ph.D Bangi, Malaysia Sub-regional Symposium on the Incorporation of the Languages of Asian Muslim Peoples into the Standardized Quranic Script Project (SQSP), Kuala Lumpur, 5-7 November 2008 THE ORIGIN AND THE SPREAD OF THE JAWI SCRIPT SYNOPSIS This paper discusses the origin and the spread of the Jawi Script. Jawi Script is derived from the Arabic Script, but it later changed its name to Jawi because in Jawi Script there are six more new letters being added to it to represent the six Malay phonemes which are not found in the Arabic Language. The oldest known Jawi writing is the Terengganu Inscriptions dated 24 th February 1303 or 702 Hijrah. Later on Jawi Script was used extensively in the Sultanate of Malacca, the Sultanate of Old Johor, the Sultanate of Aceh, the Sultanate of Johor-Riau and other sultanates and kingdoms of South East Asia. Jawi Script had spread from Aceh in North Sumatra in the west to Ternate and Tidore in the Moluccas Islands in the eastern part of Indonesia, and then from Cambodia in the north to Banten in the south. Nowadays, about 16,000 Malay Jawi manuscripts are being preserved and kept in many libraries and archives around the world. -
Integration and Conflict in Indonesia's Spice Islands
Volume 15 | Issue 11 | Number 4 | Article ID 5045 | Jun 01, 2017 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus Integration and Conflict in Indonesia’s Spice Islands David Adam Stott Tucked away in a remote corner of eastern violence, in 1999 Maluku was divided into two Indonesia, between the much larger islands of provinces – Maluku and North Maluku - but this New Guinea and Sulawesi, lies Maluku, a small paper refers to both provinces combined as archipelago that over the last millennia has ‘Maluku’ unless stated otherwise. been disproportionately influential in world history. Largely unknown outside of Indonesia Given the scale of violence in Indonesia after today, Maluku is the modern name for the Suharto’s fall in May 1998, the country’s Moluccas, the fabled Spice Islands that were continuing viability as a nation state was the only place where nutmeg and cloves grew questioned. During this period, the spectre of in the fifteenth century. Christopher Columbus Balkanization was raised regularly in both had set out to find the Moluccas but mistakenly academic circles and mainstream media as the happened upon a hitherto unknown continent country struggled to cope with economic between Europe and Asia, and Moluccan spices reverse, terrorism, separatist campaigns and later became the raison d’etre for the European communal conflict in the post-Suharto presence in the Indonesian archipelago. The transition. With Yugoslavia’s violent breakup Dutch East India Company Company (VOC; fresh in memory, and not long after the demise Verenigde Oost-indische Compagnie) was of the Soviet Union, Indonesia was portrayed as established to control the lucrative spice trade, the next patchwork state that would implode. -
Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia
Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia Submitted in accordance with Foreign Assistance Act Sections 118/119 February 20, 2004 Prepared for USAID/Indonesia Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan No. 3-5 Jakarta 10110 Indonesia Prepared by Steve Rhee, M.E.Sc. Darrell Kitchener, Ph.D. Tim Brown, Ph.D. Reed Merrill, M.Sc. Russ Dilts, Ph.D. Stacey Tighe, Ph.D. Table of Contents Table of Contents............................................................................................................................. i List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. v List of Figures............................................................................................................................... vii Acronyms....................................................................................................................................... ix Executive Summary.................................................................................................................... xvii 1. Introduction............................................................................................................................1- 1 2. Legislative and Institutional Structure Affecting Biological Resources...............................2 - 1 2.1 Government of Indonesia................................................................................................2 - 2 2.1.1 Legislative Basis for Protection and Management of Biodiversity and -
Local Trade Networks in Maluku in the 16Th, 17Th and 18Th Centuries
CAKALELEVOL. 2, :-f0. 2 (1991), PP. LOCAL TRADE NETWORKS IN MALUKU IN THE 16TH, 17TH, AND 18TH CENTURIES LEONARD Y. ANDAYA U:-fIVERSITY OF From an outsider's viewpoint, the diversity of language and ethnic groups scattered through numerous small and often inaccessible islands in Maluku might appear to be a major deterrent to economic contact between communities. But it was because these groups lived on small islands or in forested larger islands with limited arable land that trade with their neighbors was an economic necessity Distrust of strangers was often overcome through marriage or trade partnerships. However, the most . effective justification for cooperation among groups in Maluku was adherence to common origin myths which established familial links with societies as far west as Butung and as far east as the Papuan islands. I The records of the Dutch East India Company housed in the State Archives in The Hague offer a useful glimpse of the operation of local trading networks in Maluku. Although concerned principally with their own economic activities in the area, the Dutch found it necessary to understand something of the nature of Indigenous exchange relationships. The information, however, never formed the basis for a report, but is scattered in various documents in the form of observations or personal experiences of Dutch officials. From these pieces of information it is possible to reconstruct some of the complexity of the exchange in MaJuku in these centuries and to observe the dynamism of local groups in adapting to new economic developments in the area. In addition to the Malukans, there were two foreign groups who were essential to the successful integration of the local trade networks: the and the Chinese. -
MJT 28-1 Full OK
Melanesian Journal of Theology 28-1 (2012) MANSINAM: CENTRE OF PILGRIMAGE, UNITY, AND POLARISATION IN WEST PAPUA1 Uwe Hummel Dr Uwe Hummel is a pastor of the Evangelical-Lutheran church, and, since April, 2010, has served as Lecturer in Theology at the Lutheran Highlands Seminary in Ogelbeng, near Mt Hagen Papua New Guinea. In previous years, he served as Coordinator of the German West Papua Netzwerk (2004-2009), and as Asia Secretary of the United Evangelical Mission (2007-2010). INTRODUCTION Annually, on February 5, especially in every round fifth year, thousands of pilgrims populate the tiny island of Mansinam in the Dorehri Bay in the Regency of Manokwari, West Papua, Indonesia. While the mainly Protestant Christians commemorate the arrival of the first missionaries in 1855, the local hotel industry has its peak season. Coming from Manokwari town on the mainland – some having travelled from neighbouring Papua New Guinea,2 or farther abroad – the pilgrims reach Mansinam by traditional canoe in less than 30 minutes. Because an islet of 450 hectares is not very well suited to accommodate thousands of people, the worshippers, often including the governors, and other VIPs, of 1 The author presented this paper in abbreviated form on June 23, 2011, during the Inaugural Conference of the Melanesian Association of Theological Schools (MATS), held from June 21-24, at the Pacific Adventist University in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. A special word of gratitude goes to Mr Wolfgang Apelt, librarian at the Archive of the Rhenish Mission/United Evangelical Mission (UEM) in Wuppertal Germany, who provided the author with some of the bibliographical data. -
INTRODUCTION Prince Nuku of Tidore Is Recognized As One Of
INTRODUCTION Prince Nuku of Tidore is recognized as one of the national heroes (pahlawan nasional) of Indonesia. He was the leader of a successful rebel- lion against the Dutch East India Company (Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie, VOC) and its indigenous allies which lasted for more than twenty years. Born as a Tidoran prince between 1725 and 1735, he passed away as the Sultan of Tidore in 1805.1 In 1780 he fled from Tidore seek- ing refuge in East Seram, Halmahera, and the Raja Ampat from where he launched the rebellion. In 1797 he returned to Tidore with his allied forces and conquered the Sultanates of both Bacan and Tidore. During his exile, Nuku had to fight the forces of the three VOC Governments in Maluku: Ternate, Ambon, and Banda.2 Besides possessing better weapon- ry and equipment, the VOC could also mobilize its indigenous subjects from places such as Ambon and Ternate as troops. In addition, the VOC often dispatched support forces such as ships, weaponry, and soldiers to Maluku from Batavia. In 1801, in close collaboration with the English, Nuku managed to defeat the VOC in Ternate and its indigenous ally, the Ternate Sultanate. Prince Nuku and his Tidoran adherents depended to a large extent on the support they received from various groups of Malukans and Papuans and the assistance of the English. It is intriguing to see what strategies he employed to maintain support among the Tidorans at home, his adher- ents in the periphery of Tidore, and even the English. Geographical and historical setting In the early sixteenth century, Maluku—known as the Spice Islands— became the target of European traders who were competing to obtain cloves and nutmegs. -
The Tradition of Tahlilan on Ternate Society Burhan1, Asmiraty2 1,2Lecturer at the Ternate State Islamic Institute, Dufa-Dufa Ternate Utara
The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 6(03): 5347-5354, 2019 DOI: 10.18535/ijsshi/v6i3.02 ICV 2015: 45.28 ISSN: 2349-2031 © 2019, THEIJSSHI Research Article The Tradition of Tahlilan on Ternate Society Burhan1, Asmiraty2 1,2Lecturer at the Ternate State Islamic Institute, Dufa-dufa Ternate Utara: Abstract: This study aims to analyze the implementation of tahlilan, society perspective towards this tradition, and the factors of the tahlilan existence on Ternate community. The study was designed in the form of qualitative descriptive research by applying field research, teological normative, and socio-cultural approaches. The data were collected through interview and documentation. The result showed that tahlilan for Ternatenese is nothing but the momentum where family, relatives, friends, and surrounding communities gather to recite some hayyibah sentences (hamfdalah, takbir, shalawat, tasbih), Qur’an verses, dhikr, and other prayers. Ternate society believes that tahlilan is crucial as a medium of da’wah. There are many positive benefits felt by the people of Ternate such as psychological, social, economic, and importantly religious awareness. In religion side, tahlilan is a minfestation of love for Islam and the cultivation of the monotheism concept. The development of understanding and awareness in Muslim religion also lead to a process of evaluation and change in the implementation of tahlilan. In this case, Islamic da'wah succeeds in influencing the socio-cultural life of Ternate community. The tahlilan tradition can exist til now because it is considered to still have coherence with Islamic values, customs and culture. Ternate society still hope that the tradition of tahlilan will last forever. -
The Birds of Babar, Romang, Sermata, Leti and Kisar, Maluku, Indonesia
Colin R. Trainor & Philippe Verbelen 272 Bull. B.O.C. 2013 133(4) New distributional records from forgoten Banda Sea islands: the birds of Babar, Romang, Sermata, Leti and Kisar, Maluku, Indonesia by Colin R. Trainor & Philippe Verbelen Received 5 July 2011; fnal revision accepted 10 September 2013 Summary.—Many of the Banda Sea islands, including Babar, Romang, Sermata and Leti, were last surveyed more than 100 years ago. In October–November 2010, birds were surveyed on Romang (14 days), Sermata (eight days), Leti (fve days) and Kisar (seven days), and on Babar in August 2009 (ten days) and August 2011 (11 days). Limited unpublished observations from Damar, Moa, Masela (of Babar) and Nyata (of Romang) are also included here. A total of 128 bird species was recorded (85 resident landbirds), with 104 new island records, among them fve, 12, 20, four and three additional resident landbirds for Babar, Romang, Sermata, Leti and Kisar, respectively. The high proportion of newly recorded and apparently overlooked resident landbirds on Sermata is puzzling but partly relates to limited historical collecting. Signifcant records include Ruddy-breasted Crake Porzana fusca (Romang), Red-legged Crake Rallina fasciata (Sermata), Bonelli’s Eagle Aquila fasciata renschi (Romang), Elegant Pita Pita elegans vigorsii (Babar, Romang, Sermata), Timor Stubtail Urosphena subulata (Babar, Romang), the frst sound-recordings of Kai Cicadabird Coracina dispar (Babar?, Romang) and endemic subspecies of Southern Boobook Ninox boobook cinnamomina (Babar) and N. b. moae (Romang, Sermata?). The frst ecological notes were collected for Green Oriole Oriolus favocinctus migrator on Romang, the lowland-dwelling Snowy-browed Flycatcher Ficedula hyperythra audacis on Babar, the endemic subspecies of Yellow- throated (Banda) Whistler Pachycephala macrorhyncha par on Romang, and Grey Friarbird Philemon kisserensis on Kisar and Leti. -
Waves of Destruction in the East Indies: the Wichmann Catalogue of Earthquakes and Tsunami in the Indonesian Region from 1538 to 1877
Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on May 24, 2016 Waves of destruction in the East Indies: the Wichmann catalogue of earthquakes and tsunami in the Indonesian region from 1538 to 1877 RON HARRIS1* & JONATHAN MAJOR1,2 1Department of Geological Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602–4606, USA 2Present address: Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78758, USA *Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]) Abstract: The two volumes of Arthur Wichmann’s Die Erdbeben Des Indischen Archipels [The Earthquakes of the Indian Archipelago] (1918 and 1922) document 61 regional earthquakes and 36 tsunamis between 1538 and 1877 in the Indonesian region. The largest and best documented are the events of 1770 and 1859 in the Molucca Sea region, of 1629, 1774 and 1852 in the Banda Sea region, the 1820 event in Makassar, the 1857 event in Dili, Timor, the 1815 event in Bali and Lom- bok, the events of 1699, 1771, 1780, 1815, 1848 and 1852 in Java, and the events of 1797, 1818, 1833 and 1861 in Sumatra. Most of these events caused damage over a broad region, and are asso- ciated with years of temporal and spatial clustering of earthquakes. The earthquakes left many cit- ies in ‘rubble heaps’. Some events spawned tsunamis with run-up heights .15 m that swept many coastal villages away. 2004 marked the recurrence of some of these events in western Indonesia. However, there has not been a major shallow earthquake (M ≥ 8) in Java and eastern Indonesia for the past 160 years. -
Sultan Zainal Abidin Syah: from the Kingdomcontents of Tidore to the Republic of Indonesia Foreword
TAWARIKH:TAWARIKH: Journal Journal of Historicalof Historical Studies Studies,, VolumeVolume 12(1), 11(2), October April 2020 2020 Volume 11(2), April 2020 p-ISSN 2085-0980, e-ISSN 2685-2284 ABDUL HARIS FATGEHIPON & SATRIONO PRIYO UTOMO Sultan Zainal Abidin Syah: From the KingdomContents of Tidore to the Republic of Indonesia Foreword. [ii] JOHANABSTRACT: WAHYUDI This paper& M. DIEN– using MAJID, the qualitative approach, historical method, and literature review The– discussesHajj in Indonesia Zainal Abidin and Brunei Syah as Darussalam the first Governor in XIX of – WestXX AD: Irian and, at the same time, as Sultan of A ComparisonTidore in North Study Maluku,. [91-102] Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that the political process of the West Irian struggle will not have an important influence in the Indonesian revolution without the MOHAMMADfirmness of the IMAM Tidore FARISI Sultanate, & ARY namely PURWANTININGSIH Sultan Zainal Abidin, Syah. The assertion given by Sultan TheZainal September Abidin 30 Syahth Movement in rejecting and the Aftermath results of in the Indonesian KMB (Konferensi Collective Meja Memory Bundar or Round Table andConference) Revolution: in A 1949, Lesson because for the the Nation KMB. [103-128]sought to separate West Irian from Indonesian territory. The appointment of Zainal Abidin Syah as Sultan took place in Denpasar, Bali, in 1946, and his MARYcoronation O. ESERE, was carried out a year later in January 1947 in Soa Sio, Tidore. Zainal Abidin Syah was Historicalas the first Overview Governor of ofGuidance West Irian, and which Counselling was installed Practices on 23 inrd NigeriaSeptember. [129-142] 1956. Ali Sastroamidjojo’s Cabinet formed the Province of West Irian, whose capital was located in Soa Sio. -
Kajian Pelayanan Peti Kemas Di Pelabuhan A. Yani Ternate
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) ISSN (Online) 2319-183X, (Print) 2319-1821 Volume 5, Issue 9 (September 2016), PP.28-33 Service Improvement at Container Port of Ahmad Yani Ternate North Maluku Province of Indonesia Paulus Raga Senior Researcher at the Sea Transportation Research Center, River, Lake, and Ferry Research and Development Agency of Transportation Indonesia Abstract: The port of Ahmad Yani Ternate is the node local trade and an opening through trade channels of logistics and services between regional and national levels. Loading and unloading of containers through the Port of Ahmad Yani Ternate increased during the period from 2009 to 2013. Therefore, accompanied economic growth of Ternate city is significant. The tendency of loading and unloading activities at the Port of Ahmad Yani Ternate like container unloading more than loaded, so loading and unloading of general cargo and bag cargo decreased by overloading into the packaging of logistics in containers. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of services and efforts to increase container service at the Port Ahmad Yani Ternate. The analysis technique is used in this study by using Multi Criteria Analysis. Ahmad Yani Piers service facilities such as under deck, side deck and upper deck repairs damaged due to heavy and port facilities such as a field efforts to improve service quality container Port of Ahmad Yani Ternate on a scale first priority is the short-term reclamation of 3,000 m2 with the performance appraisal scale is at a score of 8 to 10; The second priority, medium-term reclamation of 6,160 m2 with the performance appraisal scale is at a score of 6 to 8 and the third priority, long-term reclamation of 49 424 m2 with the performance appraisal scale is at a score of 4 to 6. -
Spice Routes/Spice Wars with Ian Burnet
SPICE ROUTES/SPICE WARS WITH IAN BURNET The Moluccas (better known as the Spice Islands) have been a magical destination for over ten centuries. The first seafarers to explore the region, as early as the 8th century, were the Arabs. In fact, the name Maluku is thought to have been derived from the Arab traders term for the region Jazirat al-Muluk, The Islands of the Kings and an ancient Arab text places the islands rather precisely Fifteen days sailing east of Java. What the Arab traders brought back to their home ports were exotic spices: cloves, mace and nutmeg. These were sold to Venetian merchants and became known in Europe as The nuts from Muscat. Because of > the high value of these spices in Europe and the large profits they generated, many adventurers followed in the wake of the Note: Guests will meet the Ombak Putih in Ternate. Airfares to Arabs; initially the Portuguese, then the Spanish, and later the Ternate and from Ambon are not included in the tour package. Dutch and the English. Our 12-day voyage aboard the Ombak We will be happy to assist you with any information and flight Putih will depart from the fabled Sultanate of Ternate, with its reservations. historical clove plantations, and retrace the marine spice route through the Moluccan islands, visiting the remote Banda ITINERARY islands, the original source of nutmeg, where we will wander through the nutmeg plantations. We will finish in Ambon, the Day 1 - Ternate You and your party will be met at the airport on the island of bustling capital city of the Moluccas.