tli i$
REPORT·
OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE AGAINST APARTHEID
Volume I
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OFFICIAL RECORDS: THIRTY - THIRD SESSION
SUPPLEMENT No. 22 (A/33/22)
UNITED NATIONS
REPORT
OF mE SPECIAL COMMITTEE AGAINST APARTHEID
Volume I
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OFFICIAL RECORDS: THIRTY - THIRD SESSION
SUPPLEMENT No. 22 (A/33/22)
UNITED NATIONS New York, 1978 NOTE
Symbols o~ United Nations documents are composed o~ capital letters combined with ~igures. Mention o~ such a symbol indicates a re~erence to a United Nations document.
The present report was also submitted to the Security Council under the symbol S/12925.
The special reports o~ the Special Committee against Apartheid will be circulated in mimergraphed form under the symbols A/33/22/Add.l to 3-S/l2925/Add.l to 3 and SUbsequently issued as O~ficial Rec~rds o~ the General Assembly. Thirty third Session. Supplement No. 22A (A/33/22/Add.l to 3). q
LOriginal: Eng1ish/ /15 November 1978/
CONTENTS '8 combined Paragraphs Page ed Nations VOLUME I r the LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL • . . . . vi INTRODUCTION 1 - 10 1 1 be l2925/Add.1 I. REVIEW OF THE WORK OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE 11 - 227 3 'r. Thirty- A. Action taken by the General Assembly ~t its thirty-second session ••.•• ...... 11 - 27 3 B. Observance of the International Anti-Apartheid Year ••• 28 - 39 6 C. Military and nuclear collaboration with the South African regime ...... 40 64 9 1. Consultations with experts •••••••. 49 - 50 10 2. Seminar on South Africa's military build-up and nuclear plans •.•••.••••••••• 5l - 57 11 3. Statement l)y the Chairman before the Security Council Committee establishea by resolution 421 (1977) concerning the question of South Africa . 58 12 4. Communications to Member States • 59 - 63 12 5. Statements by the Chairman •••••••••. 64 13 D. Condemnation of South Africa's aggression against the People's Republic of Angola •.••••••••••••• 6:5. 23 E. Economic collaboration with South Africa •• 66 - 87 14
1. Oil 0mbargo against South Africa 11 •••• 7a - 82 17 2. Communications concerning loans by Chemical Bank to South Africa •••••••• 83 - 87 18 F. Bantustans 88 - 90 19 G. Repression against opponents of apartheid • 91 - 104 20 H. International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of Apartheid • ••• 105 - 106 22 1. Apartheid in sports .•• 107 - 125 22 1. "Miss World" contest ...... 108 - 109 23 2. Tennis •••.••• ••• 110 - 116 23 3. Other developments • 117 - 125 24
-iii- CONTENTS (continued) Paragraphs . Page tlal : Eng1ish/ J. Assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement ••.•••.•••• 126 - 127 25 V"ember 1978/ K. Dissemination of information against apartheid ••••. 128 - 130 25 L. Encouragement of public action against a-partheid .• 131 - 142 25 9.gra-phs Page 1. Trade unions • 132 - 133 26 2. Churches .•. 134 - 137 26 3. Youth and students 138 - 142 26 vi M. Observance of international days • 143 - 166 27 - 10 1 1. Day of Solidarity with South African Political Prisoners (11 October) •••.••••.••• 147 - 150 27 - 227 3 2. International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (21 March) ••••••..••• 151 - 153 28 - 27 3 3. International Day ~f Solidarity with the Struggling People of South Africa (16 June) ..•.• 154 - 156 29 - 39 6 4. Sixtieth birthday of Mr. Nelson R. Mande1a (18 July) 157 - 159 29 - 64 9 5. Anniversary of the death of Mr. Steve Biko (12 September) •••••••.•.•••• 160 - 162 30 - 50 10 6. Day of Solidar:i.ty with South African Political Prisoners (11 October 1978) •••..•••• 163 - 166 30 - 57 11 N. Tributes to eminent personalities forth8ir contribution to the liberation struggle in South Africa ••• 167 - 178 32 8 12 1 • Mahatma Gandhi •..• 168 32 - 63 12 2. Dr. W. E. B. DuBois .. 169 - 172 32 4 13 3. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. 173 - 174 33 4. Paul Robeson •.••• 175 - 178 33 13 5. O. Tributes to leaders of the South African liberation - 87 14 movements .•.•• 179 - 184 33 - 82 17 1. Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe .•••••••••• 179 - 182 33 2. Duma Nokwe, Dr. G. M. Naicker and Moses Kotane • 183 - 184 34 18 - 87 P. Awards by the Special Committee ... 185 - 187 34 19 - 90 Q. Missions to Governments 188 - 192 35 - 104 20 1. Jamaica 189 - 190 35 2. Belgium . 106 22 191 - 192 35 R. Representation at conferences . 125 22 193 - 201 35 1. World Conference to Combat Racism and Racial ·109 23 Discrimination ••.•••••••••.•• 193 - 194 35 ·116 23 ·125 24 -iv- ¥ x &I
I:'agraphs Page CONTENTS (continued) ~aragraphs Pag~
5 - 127 25 2. International NGO Conference for Action against 3 130 25 Apartheid .. •...... • .•.. 195 - 198 36 L 142 25 3. Representation at other conferences ..• •. .. 199 - 200 36 ) 133 26 4. Messages to conferences 201 38 ~ - 137 26 S. Co-operation with other United Nations organs and vd.th other organizations ... • 202 - 22 r 41 3 - 142 26 1. United Nations organs ••.•.....•. · 282 - 206 41 - 166 27 2. Specialized agencies and other organizations within the United Nations ... .• 207 - 10 41 - 150 27 3. Organization of African Unity . 211 - 212 42 153 28 4. European Economi~ Community . 213 42 5. South African liberation movements • 211.j. - 215 42 ~ - 156 29 6. \ Non-governmental organizations 216 227 43 159 29 11. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...•. · 228 - 313 46
- 162 30 A. International mobilizaticn a.gainst apartheid 235 245 47 B. Cessation of all collaboration with the apartheid : - 166 30 regime ...... to ••• 262 C. Assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and - 178 32 their national liberation movement •.•..•• 263 - 271 51 168 32 D. Assistance to front-line States ..... • 272 - 274 52 - 172 32 E. Political prisoners ..•.....•...•.. 275 - 276 53 - 174 33 F. Dissemination of information on apartheid. 277 - 282 54 - 178 33 G. Co-ordination of action against apartheid 283 293 55 H. Expanding the Special Committee and strengthening the - 184 33 Centre against Apartheid ..••... 294 298 57 - 182 33 I. Programme of work of the Special Committee 299 302 58 - 184 34 J. other recommendations .•.••....•. 303 313 59 - 187 34 Annex. LIST OF DOCUMENTS OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE 61 - 192 35 - 190 35 VOLUME 11 - 192 35 REVIEW OF DEVELOPMENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA SINCE 1977 - 201 35
- 194 35 R 'I 4 --
LE'lITER OF TRANSMITTAL
15 November 1978
-Sir,
I have the honour to !=lend you herewith the annual report of the Special Committee against Apartheid adopted unanimously by the Special Committee against Apartheid on 15 November 1978.
This report is submitted to the General Assembly and to the Security Council in accordance with the relevant provisions of General Assembly resolutions 2671 (XXV) of 8 December 1970 and 32/105 A to 0 of 14 and 16 December 1977.
Accept 9 Sir, the assurances of my highest consideration.
(Signed) Leslie O. HARRIMAN Chairman o:f' the Special Committee against Apartheid
His Excellency Mr. Kurt Waldheim Secretary-General of the United Nations New York
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-vi- INTRODUCTION
1. The Special Committee against Aparthei~ was established by th~ General Assembly by (l~II) resolution 1761 of 6 Nov'ember, 1962 as the Special Committee on the Policies of Apartheid of the Governm.ent of the Republic In resolution of South Africa. 2671 A (XXV), adopted on 8 December 1970, the General Assembly requested the Special Committee "constantly to review' all aspects of the policies of apartheid in South Africa and its international repercussions. including:
"(a) Legislative, administrative and other racially discriminatory measures in South Africa and their effects;
II(b) Repression of opponent s of apartheid; "(c) Efforts by the Government of South Africa to extend its inhuman policies of apartheid beyond the borders of South Africa; Il(d) Ways and means of promoting concerted international action to secure the elimination of apartheid; Hand to report from time to time, as appropriate ~ to the General Assembly lJ or the Security Council or both • 2. The Special Committee is now composed of the following 18 Member States: Algeria Nepal German Democratic Nigeria Republic Peru Ghana Philippines Guinea Somalia Haiti Sudan Hungary Syrian Arab Republic Incia Trinidad and Tobago Indonesia UIITainian Soviet Socialist J:.1alaysia RepUblic 3. At its 364th meeting, on 17 January 1978, the Special Committee unanimously re-elected Mr. Leslie O. Harriman (Nigeria) its Chairman. the At the same meeting, Special Committee re-elected Mr. Vladimir N. Martynenl{o (Ukrainian Socialist RepUblic) Soviet and Mr. Serge Elie Charles (Haiti) Vice-Chairmen and Mr. Putrevu J. Rao (India) Rapporteur. 4. On 17 January 1978, the Special Committee elected ~~. Kwadwo Faka Nyamekye (Ghana) Chairman Sub-Committ~e of its on the Implementation of United nations Resolutions and Collaboration i-T:lth South Africa and re-elected Semichi Mr. A-bdel Hamid (Algeria) Chairman of the SUb-Committee on Petitions and Information.
-1··· 5. The Sub-Committee on the Implementation of United Nations Collaboration Resolutions and with South Africa is now composed of Ghana (Chairman)~ Hungary, Malaysia, Peru and the SUdan, and the Sub-Committee on Petitions is composed and Information of Algeria (Chairman)" the German Democratic Republic~ Nepal, and Trinidad and Tobago. Somalia
6. On 9 June 1978, the Chairman of the Special Committee a against Apartheid wrote letter to the Presidents of the General Assembly and the Security-Council, drawing attention to the grave situation resulting from the continued military build-up in South Africa and the plans of the apartheid regime to acquire nuclear weapon capability (A!S-lO!AC.l/22; S/12733). 7" On 21 September 1978, the Special Committee prepared and submitted attention of the General for the Assembly and the Security Council a special report on oil sanctions against South Africa (A/33!22/Add.l-S!12858/Add.l). 8. At its meeting held on 15 November 1978, the Special Committee decided unanimously to submit the present report to the General Assembly and the Security Council. It consists of:
(a) A review' of thl:! 'Work of the Special Committee~.
(b) Conclusions and recommendations of the Special Committee' (c) A reviei'T of developments in South Africa since the last annual report· (d) A list of documents of the Special Committee.
9. The Special Committee wishes to place on record its gratitude General to the Secretary for his abiding interest in its work. The Special Committee to express also in.shes its deep appreciation to the Organization of African Unity, aligned movement, the non the specialized agencies of the United Nations, the two South African li.beration movements, namely, the African National Congress of South Africa and ,the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania, and numerous organizations non-governmental for their continued support of the work of the Committee. la. The Special Committee also wishes to express its deep appreciation Director to the of the Centre against Apartheid, to the secretariat of the Committee and Special to all other members of the Centre against Apartheid for their efficient and devoted service.
-2- I. TILVIElr OF TIlr. \TORI~ OF 'Fm SP:CCIJ'.L CQI'JrU'ITEE
A. Action taken by the General Assembly at its thirty.·second session 'ote 11. ,During its thirty-second session, the Gen~ral Assembly consid~red entitled 11Policies the item of apartheid of the Government of South Africa,j in plenary mp.etings betl'leen 14 and 2l November and on 14 and 16 December 1977. It adopted 15 resolutions relating to various aspects of apartheid, endorsing recomDlendations the principal of the Special Committee contained in its annual report~ three special 1/ and reports 2/ on Ca) the Second International Trade Unio~ Action against Conference for Apartheid, Cb) the International Anti-Apartheid Year and Cc) relations between Israel and South Africa. 12. In resolution 32/105 A. on the United Nations Trust Fund General for South Africa, the ty Assembly expressed its concern over the lndespread repression opponents against all of apartheid in South Africa, inc.luding frequent shootings demonstrators of peaceful and the series of deaths of detainees~ and appealed and increasing for continueo contributions to the Trust Fund and to voluntary agencies in order to concerned enable them to meet the growing needs reSUlting from escalating repression.
13. In resolution B~ 32/105 the General Assembly proclaimed the year beginning 21 March 1978 as International on Anti-Apartheid Year and endorsed the programme for the Year recommended by the Special Committee. The Assembly Governments, requested all intergovernmental and non·-governmental organizations, information media and educational ~ary- institutions to co-operate in the effective the observance of Year. It also invited the Special Committee to take all to appropriate measures promote tte world-wide observance of the Year in full solidarity oppressed vQth the people of South Africa and their n~tional liberation movement. ica 14. In resolution 32/105 C, on trade union action against apartheid, Assembly the General commended the resolution adopted by the Second International Conference Trade Union for Action against Apartheid on 11 June 1977 to the attention Government s and of all intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations. It authorized the Special Committee to hold annual meetings with trade unions, as recommended in its special report, and to arrange for participation representatives of of trade union organizations from southern Africa. 15. In resolution 32/105 D, on relations between Israel and South Africa, General Assembly the strongly condemned Israel for its continuing and increasing collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa and demanded once again Israel desist forthwith that from such collaboration and in particular, terminate all collaboration in the military and nuclear fields.
1/ Official Records of the General Assembly" Thirty-second ?uDPlanent Session, ro. 22 (AI32/?2). - 2/ Ibid., Supplement lITo._22! (A/32/22/Add.l·-3).
-3- 16. In resolution E~ 32/105 on political prisoners in South Africa~ the General Assembly strongly condemned the racist regime of South Africa for its killings and rutluess repression of opponents of apartheid and racial discrimination~ and its banning orders against organizations and information media. solidarity It again pledged its with all political prisoners and detainees in South Africa. reiterated proclamation~ It its in resolution 3411 C (XXX) of' 28 November the United 1975, that Nations and the international community have a special responsibility tOlffirds the oppressed people of South Africa and their liberation movements, towards those imprisoned, and restricted or exiled for their struggle against apartheid. 15 17. In resolution 32/105 F, on military and nuclear collaboration Africa, with South the General Assembly recognized that the gro~dng militarization Africa and its of South plans for nuclear development greatly aggravated the threat international peace to for and security and called upon all Governments forthwith to implement Security Council resolution 418 (1977) without qualifications any reservations and whatsoever and irrespective of any existing contracts and already issued licences and to ensure that all corporations~ organizations and lnthin their jurisdiction individuals the abide by its provisions. It also called upon all States in particular France, the .1 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America - to co-operate fully in effective action, international in accordance vdth Chapter VII of the Charter of the United avert the Nations, to ed grave menace to the peace resulting from the policies and racist regime actions of the of South Africa. It requested the Security Council to take measures under Chapter mandatory VII of the Charter of the United Nations to secure the full implementation of the arms embargo against South Africa. It authorized t:le Special on Committee to follow and publicize all developments concerning collaboration military and nuclear r w"ith the racist regime of South Africa ~ to report to the Assembly and General the Security Council all alleged viOlations of Council resolution 418 (1977) which may come to its notice, and to promote campaigns for a cessation of military total and nuclear collaboration with the racist regime of South s Africa. 18. In resolution 32/105 "G, on economic collaboration with South Africa, the General Assembly condemned the continued and increased collaLoration Governments by certain L and transnaticnal corporations with the racist regime and requested of South Africa, :1 the Security Council urgently to consider mandatory sanctions economic against South Africa. It called upon all States to cease collaboration economic with South Africa and take effective action to prevent such collaboration by corporations within their jurisdiction. The Assembly also requested States to prohibit all loans to and investments in South Africa~ to end exchanges of trade missions Africa~ with South to impose an embargo on the supply of petroleum and petroleum products to South Africa and on investments in the petroleum industry in South Africa~ and to deny facilities shipping to airlines and companies providing services to and from South Africa.
19. In resolution 32/105 H. on dissemination of information General on apartheid, the Assembly stressed the need to intensify greatly the efforts world public to acquaint opinion with the imperative need for the eradication of in South apartheid Africa and appealed to all Governments to contribute generously Trust Fund to the for Publicity against Apartheid. It also requested all and organizations Governments to co..operate vTith the Special Committee and the Centre Apartheid for against the vadest possible dissemination of information on apartheid.
-4- 20. In resolution 32/105 I. the General Assembly endorsed the recommendations of leral the Special Committee on its programme of work and encouraged it to intensify its .gs and activities to promote the implementation of the Programme of Action against its Apartheid~ the Lagos Declaration for Action against Apartheid and all relevant d its resolutions of the Uni~ed Nations. It authorized the Special Committee to send missions to Member States and to the headquarters of the specialized agencies ann that other intergovernmental organizations. as required, to promote international action lity against apartheid and the observance of the International Anti-Apartheid Year; to and intensify co-operation with the movement of non~aligned countries~ the Organization 9.rtheid. of African Unity and other appropriate organizations~ and to participate in conferences concerned. with apartheid. The General Assembly further requested and h authorized the Special Committee~ in co-operation 1nth international and national mth organizations concerned, to organize or promote the or~anization of conferences ) against apartheid; and to promote assistance to the oppressed people of South ) Africa and their liberation movement. i mces 21. In resolution 32/105 J~ on assistance to the national liberation movement of luals South Africa, the General Assembly reaffirmed the inalienable right of the people ltates of South Africa as a whole~ irrespective of race, colour or creed~ to determine, Id and on the basis of majority rUle, the future of South Africa. It further reaffirmed the legitimacy of the struggle of the oppressed people of South Africa and their to national liberation movement ~ by all available and appropriate means of its If the choice; including armed struggle - for the eradication of apartheid and the IdatorJr exercise of the right of self-determination by the people of South Africa as a full whole. The Assembly declared that the international community should provide all pecial assistance to the national liberation movement of South Africa in ~ts legitimate clear struggle and exercise all its authority under the provisions of the Charter of 1 the United Nations, including Chapter VII, to facilitate the transfer of power n from the minority racist regime to the genuine representatives of all the people of South Africa. th 22. In resolution 32/105 K, on the situation in South Africa, the General Assembly strongly condemned the illegitimate minority racist regime of South Africa for its criminal policies' and actions and proclaimed its full support of the national in liberation movement of South Africa, as the authentic representative of the South rica, African people. in its just struggle. It declared that any collaboration with the racist regime and apartheid institutions constit~ted a hostile act against the purposes and principles of the United Nations. It invited all States and organizations to take all appropriate measures to persuade those Governments, transnational corporations and other institutions which continue to collaborate ) end with the racist regime of South Africa to abide by the resolutions of the United )ply Nations.
23. In resolution 32/105 L, concerning the World Conference for Action against Apartheid, the General Assembly endorsed the Lagos Declaration for Action against Apartheid and commended it to all Governments and to all intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations for appropriate and urgent action. It requested t the Secretary-General to ensure maximum publicity to the Lagos Declaration and to all the documents and records of the World Conference, and encouraged the Special e Committee to take all appropriate steps, within its mandate, towards the effective implementation of the Lagos Declaration. nst 24. In resolution 32/105 M, concerning the International Declaration against Apartheid in Sports, the General Assembly adopted and proclaimed the International
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_""""~""C"'~'~'%"Y"""~'~_~'·!11'~~'·"I·"~~~l@j!!!I!!!§!!l!•••~!!!!!I_•• Declaration against Apartheid in Sports~ recommended bv the s of' the Drafting Ad Hoc Committee on its of an International Convention against Apartheid in Sports. requested the It Ad Hoc Committee to draf't an international convention against aparthei~ in sports t f'or submission to it at its thirty-third session. nd 25. In resolution N~ and 32/105 relating to bantustans~ the General Assembly denounced the again 9.ction establishment of' bantustans as designed to consolidate the policy of' apartheid, inhuman ; to to destroy the territorial integrity of' the country~ to perpetuate white minority zation domination and to deprive the Af'rican people of South Af'rica of' their inalienable rights. It denounced the declaration of the so-called Ilindependencci! of and the Transkei and that of Bonhuthatswana and any other bantustans which may be created Jnal by the racist regime of South Africa and declared them totally invalid. The Assembly again called upon all Governments of recognition to deny any form to the so-called tlindependent:/ bantust2.~S, to refrain dealings from any with them and to reject travel documents issued by them. 26. In resolution 32/105 ~ of' 0, on investments in South Africa, the General Assembly expressed its conviction )ple that a cessation of new foreign investments in South Africa would constitute an le, important step in the struggle against apartheid, as such investments abet and ~med encourage the apartheid policies of that country. It urged the Security Council, when studying the problem of dr against the continued struggle the apartheid policies of South Africa, to consider again achieve, steps to at an early date, the cessation of further foreign investments Africa. 3/ in South • all 27. In the light of the Lte above resolutions, the Special Committee paid particular attention during the past year to promoting the effective observance of the International Anti-Apartheid Year, the implementation of Action the Lagos Declaration for against Apartheid and all United Nations resolutions against lIe the encouragement apartheid; of campaigns for a cessation of all military, economic and other collaboration with Africa~ South and promoting world-wide condemnation of repressir.n against opponents :embly of apartheid,
Inal B. uth Observance of the International Anti-Apartheid Year 28. Action- to promote the the effective observance of the International Anti-Apartheid Year (21 March 1978-20 March 1979), iffiS one of the main activities of the Special Committee during the past year. The Committee tried through GoV"ernments appeals to and organizations, and numerous consultations "tvith them, e world-wide to promote observance of the Year. Attention was devoted to this matter ed missions of the in all Special Committee, and it co-sponsored or promoted several a,ctivities and projects in connexion with the Year. Some of the actions taken by the Special Committee are t briefly summarized below. nst
d 3/ A number of other resolutions adopted by the General Assembly to its thirty-second at session included importa;t references to apartheid ial situation and the in South Africa. See resolutions 32/10 of 7 November 1977,32/12 7 November 1977) of 32/14 of 7 November 1977 ~ 32/19 of 11 November 1977, 32/35 28 November 1977, 32/42 of of 7 December 1977, 32/65 of 8 December 19T(, 32/70 of 8 December 1977 and 32/81 of 12 December 1977. :mal
-6- 29. Lttee on On 15 F,ebruary. the Chairman of the Special Committee addressed to an appeal It all Government s for the observance of the International Yea.r. ~nst He said; iiThe Special Committee ••. hopes that all Governments will observe the International Anti--Apartheid Year as a year of effective ,yagain and meaningful action to isolate the apartheid regime and to assist the oppressed inhuman people and their national liberation movement in their .~ to legitimate struggle for the eradication'of apartheid and establis~~ent the f South of a non·~acial society .•• The Special Committee would so-called lay particular stress on the full implementation of the bantustans embargo arms against South Africa and the institution of economic sanctions, hem particularly with respect to investments and loans, and the supply of any form petroleum and petroleum products. It appeals for generous n humanitarian any and educational assistance to the victims of apartheid, as 'tvell as financial and material assistance to the national liberation movement. It hopes that Governments 'tvould co-operate Assembly with the United Nations to make public opinion aware of the 30uth inhumanity apartheid~ of and contribute to the United Nations Trust ~id, Fund as for Publicity against Apartheid. It also invites all Governments which ;Y:It have not yet done so to accede to the International Convention :ruggle for the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid. lI ',0 .n South 30. On la February, he addressed an appeal to a large number of non-governmental organizations for the effective observance of the Year. He aupealed to them in particular to take all appropriate action: rticular he (a) For th~ total isolation of the apartheid regime in all fields ation for military, nuclear, diplomatic, political, economic, cultural, h~id; sporting, etc.; and (b) To publicize the struggle for liberation in South Africa; ion of (c) To provide all forms of assistance to the oppressed national people and their liberation movement, including humanitarian and educational to the assistance victims of apartheid, and assistance to the national liberation movement for its legitimate struggle~
-Apartheid (d) To secure the liberation of all persons imprisoned or restricted for Special acts arising from their opposition to apartheid; 'omote (e) To persuade the Governments Which continue to collaborate 't'rith South .H all Africa to cease such collaboration and facilitate effective international action against apartheid; ,aken by (f) To denounce corporations and financial institutions which make investments in, or provide loans to, South Africa$ and
(g) To establish national committees for the International Year, and Anti-Anartheid to implement an effective programme of action for the Year. he 31. On ~ 2 of the same day he sent letters to African universities dra'tnng attention to their 5 of the International Year, and appealing to them to maI~e contribution their maximum J of for its observance. He also sent communications to trade union a number of organizations, mayors and leaders of anti~apartheid movements their full co-operation. seeking
-1- 32. On 11 February, the Chairman addressed the Emergency Action Conference on appeal Southern AfJ.~ica organized by the Anti-Apartheid Movement in London and attended ~d : by a large number of British organizations, which discussed plans for the observance of the International Year. On that occasion, he also met 't'1ith representatives of anti-apartheid movements in western European countries to lliscuss co··ordinated plans for the observance of the Year in all the countries concerned. r 33. The Chairman stressed the importance of the Year in his statements to the session of the Council of Ministers of OAU held at Tripoli in February, and to the Commission on Human Rights on 20 February. He met 1nth the Director-General ons, of tnrESCO in Paris on 21 February for consultations on the UNESCO programme for of the Year and on co-operation be~weenUNESCO and the Special Committee.
34. The Chairman and delegations of the Special Committee held consultations with the NGO SubM·Committee 011 Racism, Racial Discrimination, Apartheid and Decolonizatiol1~ Geneva; the World Peace Council~ Helsinki; the Afro-·Asian Peoples? Solidarity Organization, Cairo; public organizations and blacl~ leaders in the United States of America; and many other bodies concerned. lts 1 35. The Special Committee held a solemn meeting at United Nations He8rdquarters on 21 March to observe the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination and to launch the International Anti-Apartheid Year. At its ~rnmental request the Secretary-General organized a meeting on that day at the European ;hem in Office of the United ~Tations in Geneva, and UNESCO held a ceremony at its headquarters in Paris.
36. The Special Committee then continued constantly to promote the wOrld-wide ~tc •; observance of the Year, and to pUblicize observances by Governments and organizations. Delegations or representatives of the Special Committee attended conferences and ceremonies in a number of cities in observance of the Year.
heir 37. On 10 OCtober 1978, the Chairman issued a press statement expressing his stance satisfaction that the cities of New York (New York), Detroit (Michigan), Highland Park (Michigan), New Orleans (Louisiana), Gary (Indiana) and Atlanta (Georgia) in the United States of America had proclaimed 11 October 1978 as Anti-A~theid Day and that Newark (New Jersey) had proclaimed the Day for earlier, in response to his appeals. He also expressed the hope that other cities of ~1?-e United States i'lould follow their example.
outh 313. The Special Committee co~sponsored the International NGO Conference for Action against Apartheid at Geneva from 28 to 31 August 1978 and held consultations rdth youth and student organizations and tmmsco for organizing an International Youth and Student Conference against Apartheid during the International Year as a part of the observance.
39. On 27 June 1978, the Chairman addressed a communication to all Governments ;heid requesting information on the observance of the Year. Information received i'rom Governments has been published in documents of the Special Committee (A!AC.115/L.497 and A/AC.115/L.500) • .r laximum of seeking
-8.M WilL • u;; .. Q& L_ l4- 221_
~erence on C. Military end nucleur collaboration ~vi,th the 'South African recine Id attended . the 40. At its 359th meeting, on 7 November lQ77, the Special Committee welcomed ~oTith Security Council resolution 418 (1977) of 4 November 1977 on a mandatory arms ;ries to embargo against South Africa, despite its limitations, and expressed the hope that countries the resolution ioTOuld be follmred by further action until apartheid was totally liquidated.
Its to the 41. On 8 November, the Chairman issued a statement in which he stated, inter alia: 'y, and to tor-General !/On behalf of the Special Committee against Apartheid I wish to stress 'gramme for that all States concerned mnst immediately take action to irlplement Security , '. Council resolution 418 (1977) of 4 November 1977 on a mandatory arms ernbarp-o a~ainst South Africa. No delays, no equivocations and no restrictive ,ltations interpretations can be justified. d and sian "I 10T0uld like to emphasize, in particular, that all States which have clt leaders supplied military equipment to South Africa - notably the Western States and Israel - must immediately stop direct or indirect supply of spare parts and comvonents. All contracts for the supply of military equipment must be ~d.quarters abrogated and all licences for manufacture of such equipment must be revoked acial in the spirit of the resolution." At its European 42. At its 360th meeting, on 11 Wovember, the Rnecial CoMmittee decided: (a) to its send letters to Governments which were known to have supplied military equipment to South Africa in the past; (b) to collect and pUblicize all available information on the military equipment already acauired by South Africa, existin~ contracts orld-wide for the supply of military equipment, existin~ contracts and licences for the nd manufacture of military equipment by South Africa, and nuclear co-operation with ee attended South Africa; and (c) to m~te arrangements for hearin~s of experts on the matter. Year. 43. On 15 December 1977, the Chairman issued a statement appealing to all sing his organizations and individuals, particularly to trl'l.de u.nionists in '''estern countries, n) , to lend their co-operation to the Special Co~ittee and take all appropriate action in support of the embargo. He invited them to inforn. the Special Cornmittee of any ~tober 1978 breaches or planned breaches of the embargo by governmental agencies, corporations Day and institutions. ' --' other J [f 44. The Special Committee constantly follmTed all developments concerning the military and nuclear collaboration with South Africa by Governments anet ace for transnational corporations and publicized the inforI'lation. 3.nizing an 45. At the 367th meeting, on 21 February 1978, the Rapporteur presented a note '1e on recent developments concerning military build-up and military and nuclear collaboration with South Africa (A!AC.115!L.488). )vernments ~eived 46. On 30 May 1978, the Sub-Committee on the Implementation of United Nations Resolutions and Collaboration with South Africa presented a report on collaboration ~tee by States Members of the United Nations in developing south Africa's nuclear capability (A!AC.115!L.493).
47. On 2 June 1978, the Chairman transmitted to the Security Council Committee established by resolution 421 (1977) concerning the question of South Africa a
-9- cOL11l1unicatiol1 he had received fro)'} the Anti,'ua \-Tu!'lr~.t'l:i Union allea:ing t.hA.t arms and amrntmition were bein~ shipped to South Africa throu~h Al1ti~ua. On 26 September, he transmitted a memorandum from the Anti-Apartheid Movement of the Netherlands on !lcomed alleged violations of the arms embargo by Pili] ips, a Dutch company, and its ~ arms subsidiaries. le hope that totally ~d'~. On 9 June 1078, the Chairman sent a letter to the President of the General Assembly and the President of the Security Council drro,;n~ attention to the grave situation resulting from the continued military build~up in South Africa and the I inter alia: plans of the apartheid regime to acquire nuclear ~veapons capabilit:v. He called for further action to ensure the inmlediate termination of all military ann nuclear to stress collaboration with the apartheid regime and drew attention, in this connexion, to It Security the provisions of General Assembly resolution 32/105 F of 14 December 1977 'IllS embarf;o (A/S-IO/AC.l/22; and R/12733). ,ive
1. Consultations ~-rith experts ,ich have States 49. Soon after the adoption of Security Council resolution 418 (1977) the Special ,are parts Committee began a series of consultations with experts on various aspects of the t must be full implementation and reinforcement of the arms emba-"Q,;o, 4/ as follows: be revoked 7 November 1977: Hr. George If. Shepherd, Jr., Graduate School of International StUdies, University of Denver (A/AC.115/SR.359); d: (a) to equipment .1 December 1977: Mr. George Houser, executive director of the ft~erican information Committee on Africa; ~tr. Timothy Smith, director of the Interfaith Centre on ntracts Corporate Responsibility, National Council of Churches of Christ in the or the United States of America; and Mr. Bernard Rivers, a British economist ~oTith tioD (JI!AC.115/SR.36l) ; he matter. 12 December 1977:' Hr. Abdul S. Hinty, honorary secretary of the British all l'mti-Apartheid 1"fovement (A!AC.115/SR.362); rn countries, date action ~tt. 12 January 1978: Ronald W. WaIters, Howard University, Washinr.ton 9 D.C. ttee of any (A/AC.115/SR.3h4); ;>:i:'porations
[f 21 February 1978: Ms. Ann Seidman, University of Massachusetts, and r-2r. David Gisselq,uist, Centre for International Policy, Washington, D.C. big the (A/AC.115/SR.367).
50. The Special Committee transmitted records of these hearin~s to the Security Council for its attention. ~d a note ~lear
~ations )11aboration 41 Subsequently, in resolution 32/105 F of 14 December 1977, the General :lear Assembly specifically authorized the Special Committee Uto consult with experts, to hold hearings and to encourage conferences and campaigns in order to promote a total cessation of military and nuclear coilaboration with the racist regime of lmmittee South Africa"• "rica a
-10- iM- 4 . £. #i4J;;;;U ..Lt. lttuiiflfj£ • t,
Lng t.hat arms and 2. Seminar on South Af'rica's military build-up and nuclear pla~s 26 September, Netherlands on 51. The Special Committee held a special session (semina.r) on South Af'rica's l and its military build-Up and nuclear plans on 30 May 1978 at United NRtions Headquarters. 52. Statements were made by the Under-Secretary-General for Political and Security r the General Council Affairs; ~r. Abdalla Yaccoub Bishara, Chairman of the Security Council m to the grave Committee established by resolution 421 (1977} concerning the question of South \frica. and the Africa; and the Chairman of the Special Committee. r. He called Gary ann nuclear 53. The following experts, invited by the Special Committee, made statements at the 3 connexion. to meeting and participated in the discussion: Mr. Abdul Minty, honora~! secretary of )er 1977 the British Anti-Apartheid Movement; r~. Sean Gervasi, author of several studies on southern Africa; Mr. Holf Geisler, representative of the Anti-Apartheid Hovement of the Federal RepUblic of Germany; Mr. Ronald 'Halters, Howard University; }1r. Frank Barnaby, director of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI); Mr. George Rouser, executive director of the American Committee on Africa; Mr. Sean MacBride, winner of Nobel and Lenin Peace Prizes, and former United 177) the Special Nations Commissioner for Namibia; Mr. Bernard Boudouresque~ French nuclear :l.spects of the scientist; Mr. Courtland Cox, Institute of Policy Studies, Washington, D.e.; )llows: Mr. Carlton Goodlet, representative of the World Peace Council; rtr. ~uchael Klare, Transnational Institute, Washington, D.C.; ~x. Eric Prokosh, American Friends L of' Service Committee, Phila.delphia; Ms. Ann Seidman, University of Hassachusetts; Ms. Neva Makgetla, Harvard University; and the representative of the Af'rican National Congress of South Africa. = .American raith Centre on 54. On the proposal of the Working Group, the Special Committee decided: i.st in the ~onomist (a) To send letters to the permanent representatives of' all Governments which maintained military, naval and air attaches in South Africa or had received such attaches from South Africa, calling on them to end the exchange of' such attaches; Ghe British (b) To send letters to the Per..naneni:. Representatives of' Portugal ~ Pa.raguay and the United Kingdom in connexion 'tfith reports that their military attaches had 3.shinp:ton, D.C. participated in military exercises in South Africa code-named "Quicksilver";
(c) To request the Chairman to appear before the Sec~ity Council Co~ittee ts, and on the arms embargo against South Africa, in order to draw its attention to all :lgton~ D.e. information provided at the seminar on violations of the arms embargo. 55. The Committee also decided to continue contact with experts in order to ) the Security promote a wider campaign f'or a total embargo on all military and nuclear co-operation with the apartheid regime.
56! It took note of' a suggestion by Mr. Sean MacBride that a "committee of judicial inquiry:' be established by the United Nations to investigate charges made against certain countries regarding alleged military and nuclear collaboration with South Africa. the General with experts, 57. The Chairman transmitted the records of the ~pecial session to the r~neral er to promote Assembly and the Security Council on 9 June 1978. 3.cist regirn.e of
-11- ,
!Bi ~~~Ha~.~l.~"!!!D~"'f"""'·Y"""""'''·'''';'':i'-:'==::'c'·"·.':-2....·:.i'.'i._c··...·.... · ... ·.·,' ...:...:.}:,c... :.:.:...:==-=:~ ·c···· ... , ··;·5,il:,t~3~;i.-"";'~":!f;('·'··'''f~~h'''···· 3. §i~tement by the Chairman before the Security Council Committee established by resolution 4.21 (1977) concerning the ouestion of South Africa. 58. On 27 June 1978, the Dhairm~~ of the Special Committee state~ent 5th made a at the meetinr, of' the Security Council Committee established by resolution concerning the h2J. (1977) question of South Africa on various aspects of the i~plementRtion of Security Council resolution 418 (1977) and on the urgent need to reinforce resolution. numb\~r that He made a of requests and suggestions for Council action by the Security Committee, and assured it of the full co-operation of Committee. 2.1 the Special
4. Communications to Hember States 59. l!~ On November 1977, the Chairman sent letters to the Permanent of Belgium, Canada, Representatives Germany, the Federal Republic of, France, Israel~ Italy, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States of America requesting them to provide the S~ecia~ Committee with any information on Governments action taken by their in response to Security Council resolution 418 (1977). to the Permanent In the letters Representatives of Italy and the United Kingdom, he recalled reports that the jet trainer aircraft manufactured in South Africa. under the of "Impala", '>1as ba.sed name on an Italian plane equipped with Rolls Royce enl2'ines. 'He appealed to them to investigate how South Africa had obtained licences for the mm!ufacture of the aircraft. 60. Replies were received by the Special Committee fro~ Belgium, Federal Republic Canada, Germany, of, Italy, the United Kingdom and the United States of which they indicated America in their Governments' support of resolution 418 (1977). The replies were, however, not sufficiently informative. The Committee also received a communication from Perma~lent the Representative of Ne~T Zealand concerning the implementation of the resolution (A/AC.115/L.482). 61. On 14 November 1977, the Chairman wrote to the Permanent Representative of the Federal Republic C~rmany expressin~ of concern over a p~ess report that the Telefunken company in South Africa was presentin~ South African its salesmen. defence bonds to In a reply dated 2 December 1977, the Permanent Representative the of Federal Republic of Germany stated that the Government of of Germany the Federal Fepublic had been informed by the AEG Telefunken that the press inaccurate. report was It stated that the South African Television Company, in which AEG Telefunken does not hold any shares, had misused the Telefunken that AEG trade name, and Telefunken had already protested to the South African company (A/AC.115/L.483). 62. On 2 June 1978, the Chairman addressed letters to the Permanent of all Representatives countries which have military, air or naval attaches in South receive South Africa or African military, naval and air attaches asking them to exchange of such attaches, terminate the in accordance with General Assembly resolution 32/105 the spirit of Security and Council resolution 418 (1977) on the arms embargo. 6/ replies were received. No
The 2.1 text or the Chairman's statement was issued as document S/AC.20/1. 6/ Letters were sent to Arg~~tina, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, the France, Germany, Federal Republic of, Italy, iV1alawi, Para~uay, Portugal , Switzerland, Kingdom of Great the United Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America. -12- - __'••-..fIIl/!!!;.•,III!!.lIIIIq.._!l!lI[.... • ...... !i!lI!II.!I!I_LL1... I.'••,LLlII!!lI._lII!IIlII!LIIIllli\l!l!!!I!IlI__!!IlI!IT!•..l"i!!',i!i~.a'i'.,_~,,~~~_!'I'l~~""""'IJI!!I'I)I" ,,,_.
63. On 2 June 1978, the Chairman addressed letters to thc~ Permanent Representatives of Paraguay, Portugal and the United Kingdom expressing grave concern over reportt3 that military attaches of the three countries had attended military exercises in the South Africa, code-named "Quicksilver" in Hay. No repliels have been received. 7/ '7) I lat 5. Statements by the Chairman Irity 64. The Chairman of the Special Committee issued several statements on various aspects of the implementation of the arms embar~o:
(a) Statement on 14 November lq77 concerning a proclamation by the apartheid regime on 11 November authorizing it to compel companies to produce anQ deliver arms and strategic materials; ives (b) Statement on 15 November 1977 concerning- reports that the Standard to Telephone and Cable Company in South Africa had decided to manufacture a range of "commercial and military specification computers in South Africa"; rs (c) Statement on 14 December concerning reports that Dorbyl, a South African ne company affiliated to Dorman Long of the United Kinr;dom, had offered to build warships in South Africa;
(d) Statement of 6 September 1978 concerninq reported supply of ccmputers by the International Computers Limited of the United Kingdom for military and police r , use in South Africa; .n (e) Statement on 10 October 1978 in connexion with the proclamation by the cities of New York, Detroit, Highland Park, Gary and Atlanta, of 11 October 19713 as the Anti-Apartheid Day;
(f) Appeal by the Chairman on 27 Septer.J.ber 1978, to all Governments and he organizations, to observe the Day of Solidarity with Suuth African Political Prisoners.
c D. Condemnation of South Africa's aggression against the People's Republic of Angola
tld 65. On 9 May 1978, the Special Committee considered the South African aggression against the People's RepUblic of Angola on 6 Hay, and the killing of Namibian refugees, and issued a statement strongly condemning that criminal aggression. It stated, inter alia: res '1This blatant aggression involving the murder of men, women and children le in the Namibian refugee camps at Kassinga as well as of Angolan civilians md proves beyond any shadow of doubt that the apartheid regime is an incorrigible
7/ The Chairman also wrote a similar letter to the Permanent Representative of Spain, drawing attention to a press report that the military atta~he of Spain also attended \,'" exercises. In a reply dated 7 July, the Permanent Representative stated that Spain had no military attache accredited to South Africa and that the report was wrong. The Committee noted the information ,nth appreciation.
-13- international criminal relentlessly pursuing its aim of racist domination of res southern Africa. In the ~ursuit of this diabolical plan, the apartheid regime has become the greatest threat to the stability, security and inte~rity of neighbouring States •••
"The apartheid ree;ime has been emboldened to pursue its crimes because of the continued umvillinp::ness of the Festern Powers, particularly the permanent members of the Security Council, to take decisive action which is clearly called for under the Charter. That regime has utilized military equipment supplied to it by Western Powers, ostensibly for defensive purposes ..•
I~fe must denand that the Western Powers and all the tradinp partners of South Africa join vTith the rest of humanity to ensure the full implementation of the arms embargo against South Africa and firm action to prevent the apartheid regime from acquiring nuclear weapons; ~~d the imposition of mandatory and comprehensive oil sanctions against South Africa.
"There is no excuse for any further delay in totally excludinp.: the apartheid regime from the United Nations and all associated organizations.
liThe Special Committee calls on all Governments and organizations to express by action their full solidarity with the Government and people of Anp.:ola and with the the national liberation movements of Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe which are playing a crucial and heroic role in the struggle for the emancipation of Africa and for international peace. ce "It appeals to them to exert all their influence toward concerted world action to quarantine and punish the racist aggressors in southern Africa.
llFinally, the Special Committee extends its deep sympathy and solidarity to the Government and people of Angola, led by President Agostinho Neto, and to SWAPO. The Special Committee pledges to redouble its efforts toward the eradication of apartheid and the liberation of South Africa.;1 (AIAC .115/sR. 379, para. 2)
E. Economic and other collaboration vTi th South Africa
66. The Special Committee has constantly follmred developments concerning economic and other collaboration with South Africa•
. 67. In this connexion, it took note of reports submitted by its SUb-Committee on the Implementation of United Nations Resolutions and Collaboration with South Africa on (a) review of developments on economic collaboration with South Africa, 31 March 1978 (A!AC.115!L.490), and (b) relations between the Federal Republic of Germany ai"ld South Africa, 22 May 19713. 81 68. At the 362nd meeting, on 12 December 1977, the Committee noted with appreciation the decision of Mauritius to withdraw from the Southern African
81 A/AC.115/L.491. Subsequently, while continuing work on preparation of reports on relations of individual countries with South Africa, the Sub-Committee also initiated bulletins on current developments for the information ana. consideration of the Special. Committee.
-14- , of' Regional Tourism Council, of which South Afric& is a member. It expressed 'egime that Malawi the hope and Slvaziland, the other ft frican members of the Council, If the example. vTOuld follOl'T
69.' At the 367th meeting, on 21 February 1978, the Committee took note of' R letter ,se of received from the Secretary for Foreign Aff'airs of the Libyen Arab Jamahiriya and nent Chairman of the Thirtieth Session of the OAU Co-ordinating Committee for the Liberation of Africa, relating ,t to the visit of the Finance tunister of Israel to South Africa and to the agreement concluded by the two countries. 70. At the 378th meeting, on 14 April 197P, the Committee noted with appreciation of' that the Government of the Netherlands had cancelled an agreement between the .tion Dutch Post Office and the South African Postal Service. The Special Committee had. expressed concern over the agreement. 71. On 24 Hay 1978, the Chairman addressed letters to the Permanent Represel.ltati·res of a number of Governments which continued to grant visa-free entry to South African citizens, expressing the hope that they would take urgent privileged action to end such treatment. Letters were sent to Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Federal France, Republic of, Greece, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malawi, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. ,frica 72. In his reply, the Permanent Representative of Spain informed the Chairman for the Government of that Spain had decided to terminate the visa arrangement~ between Spain and South Africa e The Permanent Representatives of Denmark, NOrYTay and Sweden have also informed the Special Committee that the Goverp~ents of countries have their introduced visa requirement for the citizens of South Africa effective as from 1 November 1978. .rity 73. At the 385th meeting, on and 13 June 1978, the Committee commended the Goverllment of the United Republic of orderin~ Tanzania for the Lonrho COMpany to wind up its he operations in the country because of its collaboration with the racist regi~es IR.379, southern Africa. in
74. At the 391st meeting, cn 13 September lQ78, the Committee n0ted 1nth appreciation the announcement by the President of Seychelles that his Government was severing trade and tourism links vTi th South Africa. nomic 75. The Chairman issued a number of statements, on behalf of the Special Committee, on developments concerning economic collaboration as follows: with South Africa, ~ on (a) Statement on 25 November 1977, expressinf, satisfaction at the annolIDcement .ca, by the Polaroid Corpor~tion that it had decided to end shipments of of' to South its products Africa, following evidence that its agent had been secretly Polaroid supplying equipment to the South African military headquarters and Reference Bureau'); the trBantu
(b) Statement on 19 December 1977 concerning General Assembly resolution 32/105 0 of 16 December 1977 on ninvestments in South Africa", describing it as a highly significant partial measure in the present situation. The Chairman expressed serious concern that tee major transnational corporations were continuinp to expand their investments in South Africa, and added:
-15-· .,I ,.1 ~fifliJ<;>!'~i;;t~t~~~~2:~''''iW~~~fi;;i2L.:'';Lc;,''::':i..i.._· .." ...... • •····~··:: .••.;~·.~S.:.::~"F'T.· ... ··.2(.:Jl:c2.l2·'£Z'2 ""'i"F:;"':"~';':;-::J;1m",~:l{';"Z<;i~>~'''''~:zr~~7~,~'~i~~.",~",,~:~g~g~~~l\l!Ij. "I must '\'1arn, on behalf of the Special Committee, that every dollar hope invested in South Africa. is a vote of confidence in the apartheid regime .mor anC!. a challenge to the United Nations. The Special Committee ''1ill ~ in cooperation with appropriate groups, monitor all new investments and encourage finu action by r~vernments and organizations against the ~tter corporations which fail to heed repeated warnings to cease their ,nd collaboration with the apartheid rep.;ime. 11
o (c) Statement on 20 December 1977, expressing satisfaction at the announcement by the Government of Canada of measures to end promotion of trade with South Africa; ion (d) Statement on 13 March 1978, welcoming the announcement of Citibank that had. it would refrain from loans to the apartheid rep.;ime in South Africa and its parastatal corporations, as a first and limited step; (e) Statement on 14 March 1978 expressing satisfaction at a concurrent resolution adopted by the House of Representatives and the Senate of the State of Michigan urging i'the Congress of the United States and the President of the United States to impose immediate sanctions against the South African Government in :lds, response to that country f s disregard for human rights and dignity";
... 'l r (f) Statement on 15 March 1978, expressing shock that T;i.me maga;zl.ne was ~hat organizing a tour of 33 corporate officials to South Africa and Southern Rhodesia;
(g) Statement on 4 April 1978, noting with great satisfaction that the Government of Nigeria had taken measures against the Barclays Bank of Nigeria since the parent company, the Barclays Bank of the United Kingdom, ha.q..declared its intention to ~ontinue to collaborate with the a.partheid regime; mt (h) Statement on 4 April 1978, expressing satisfaction that the Revenue and is Taxation Committee of the State Assembly of California had recommended legislation .n to prohibit deduction'by companies from California tax liability of c9sts incurred in operation in countries which have legally adopted and enforced policies of segregation and political and economic discrimination' against specified racial groups;
(i) .,'El't'atcment at a press conference on 28 April 1978 i.dth members of the .Black and'~erto Rican Caucus of the New York State Legislature in connexion with a bill pr9I>~~ed by them to prevent the State of New York from ai.rardinpo contracts to companies which support apartheid;
(j) Statement on 28 ,~pril 1978, expressing satisfaction that the Banking ment Committee of the United States House of Representatives had decided to recommend prohibition of credit guarantees and insurance by the United States Export-Import Bank 'to South Africa, until the President determines that significant progres~ towards majority rule had taken place;
(k) Statement on 23 August 1978, expressing surprise and shock that the Foreign Hinister of the apartheid regime had visited Paraguay for the inauguration 3 of its President; ,sed (1) Statement on 8 September 1978, expressing satisfaction at the decisions of the session of Ministers for Foreign Affairs of Nordic countries, 31 August to 1 September, on further action against apartheid. -16- LIar 76. Many of the Committee's hearings of) and consultations ~ime of non-governmental with) representatives in organizations and experts concerned aspects of economic collaboration with South Africa. Special reference may be made to the followin~: (a) Consultation Geor~e with Mr. Rouser, executive director of the American Committee on Africa, at the 36lst meetin~ on 1 December reference 1977) with special to the decision of the Polaroid Company to end its supplies Africa, to South and of Miss Caroline Hunter at the ~62nd meeting on 12 December the same matter; 1977 on trade with et) Consultation ,dth Mr. Tim Smith, director of the Interfaith Centre on Corporate Responsibility, at the 36lst meeting on 1 December ank that transnational 1977 on the role of corporations and banks in strengthenin~ white minority rule ts South Africa; in
(c) Consultation ent ,dth Hr. William R. Cotter, President of the African American Institute, at the 363rd meeting on 11 January State of measures 1978 on a range of which might be taken by the United States of America with he United situation respect to the in in South Africa; and (d) Consultation with ~~. James Morrel and ~~. David Gisselquist Centre of the was for J.;nternati.onal Policy, 'VJashington, D.C., at the 367th meetin~ 21 February" 1977, on Rhodesia; with special reference to credits by the International Honetary Fund to South Africa. 9/ the 77. On 6 December eria 1977, the Special Committee published an expert paper on implications of a boycott flyin~ elared its of airlines to and from South Africa with special reference to action by African States ll (A/AC.115/L.481).
enue and gislation 1. Oil embarp,o against South Africa incurred 78. In connexion s of with the question of economic collaboration with South Africa, the Special Committee paid particular attention to an oil acial Africa. embargo against South
79. On 17 October 1977 - on the occasion of the visit of f the Venezuela the OAU delegation to and Ecuador to consult ,dth the Governments of the two ion with impJementation countries on the ntracts to of an effective eIllbargo on the supply of petroleum and petroleum products to South Africa - the Chairman sent the delegation a letter c~nveying the full support of the Special Committee. nking 80. In connexion commend with the meeting of the ~1inisteria1 Council of the Organization of Petro1e~ Exporting t-Import Countries (OPEC) in Caracas in December 1977, the Chairman sent a message to the Ministerial gress Council and to the member States of OPEC appea1in~ to the~ to take measures to impose an effective oil embargo against South Africa and to prevent any violations by mUltinational companies. the 81. Meanwhile, the Special ,uguration Committee held consultations, at its 361st meetinp; on 1 December 1977, with Mr. Bernard Rivers, a BritiSh economist, on aspects of an oil
.ecisions 9/ Consultations held by the Special Committee with .ugust experts on military and to nuclear build-up in South Africa, and with church and student largely groups were also concerned with economic collaboration (see paras. 49-50). -17- embargo ae:ainst South Africa. Subsequently, it arranged for a thorough stud,y of catives this matter by Mr. Rivers and Hr. ~"'artin Bailey. 10/
LovTinf:,: 82. On 21 September 1978, it submitted a special report to the General Assembly and the Security Council on oil sanctions against South Africa (A/33/22/Add.l ~erican S/12858/Add.l). >uth r7 on 2. Communications concerning loans b:i Chemical Bank to South Africa
83. In pursuance of a'decision of the Special Committee, the Chairman addressed a 'e on letter to the Secretary-General on 6 December 1977 about reports that the Chemical Ile of Bank had been participating in loans to South Africa. He requested that appro-priate n action be taken in accordance with General Assembly resolutions re~uestin~ agencies within the United Nations system to refrain from extending facilities to banks which provided loans to or made investments in Routh Africa.
84. In a reply dated 6 January 1978, the Assistant Secretary-General for Special to the Political 0uestions transmitted the following response from the Senior Vice-President of the Chemical Bank: he l1Chemical Bank has, since 1974, limited its lending to South Africa essentially to the financing of trade, almost entirely on a 180-day acceptance aetary basise We have a loan of very modest size, slightly in excess of 51 million~ 90 per cent guaranteed by the Export-Import Bank of VTashington, D.C. ancl have also had on our books for some time an unused loan commitment of moQest size to a South African company. He have no loans to the South African Government :lpecial or its agencies inth two exceptions. These are two loans to govermaent a~encies, aggregating less than ffi7 million, one made in 1972 and maturing in 1979, and the other made in 1974 and maturing in 1981. ~ve have not participated in the loans made in recent years to the Electricity Supply Commission or the Iron and Steel Corporation, which have been mentioned in the press. A recent report that we have made at least one loan of 'ica, $35 million is incorrect. The total of our loans of all kinds to South Africa, luth including acceptances outstandinR, does not nearly reach this amount.
"Thus, our bank continues the policy established some years ago in I to regard to South Africa of carrying out very limited and especially Short-term, In the trade-related transactions." ,eum I ng the 85. The Committee decided that this response was unsatisfactory and, in pursuance of its decision, the Chairman wrote a further letter to the Secretary-General on 3 March 1978. ation irman 86. In a reply dated 11 May, the Secretary-General conveyed the follovrinp: ppealinr; information from the Chairman of the Chemical Bank: rica and "As a matter of firm Chemical Bank policy, we make no loans or other credit accommodations whatsoever to the Government of South Africa or any of n.g on its instrumentalities or political subdivisions and Chemical Bank has no an oil
ll 10/ Martin Bailey and Bernard Rivers, "Oil sanctions against South Africa , and UnitedNations Centre against Apartheid, Notes r...nd Documents No. 12/78~ June 1978. 30
-18- ta L
stud.Y of intention of doing so until the question of apartheid is resolved, This has been our standing policy for a number of years. Moreover~ in the private sector, the Bank is not making loans to industrial enterprises in South fl.ssembly Africa. We are confident that our record as to South Africa will stand very Mcl.l- favourable comparison with any other bank able to effect the world-wide banking needs of the United Nations.""
87. The Con~ittee took note of the information and decided to consider it in due :::a course (A/AC.115/SR.392). idressed a e Chemical F. Bantustans appro-priate 3f.; agencies 88. The Chairman of the Special Committee issued a statement on 6 December 1977 banks denouncing the proclamation on that day of the' so-called "independence" of the bantustan of Bophuthatswana. He said, inter alia: r' Special :1The establishment of the bantustans is part of the diabolic scheme of the apartheid regime to perpetuate white domination in 87 per cent of the country~ which produces 97 per cent of the gross domestic product, and to . relegate the Africans to 13 per cent of the land divided into uneconomic and frica disjointed reserves. It is meant to segregate Africans into 'buffer states' acceptance and use ,them as cannon fodder ... L million~ . and have "I am glad that all Governments in the wor"td have now totally rejected lest size bantustans. :1overnment nent ;;1 . 'call on them to refrain from any dealings ~ direct or indirect, w'ith Guring in the bantustan authorities" and to provide all necessary assistance to Lesotho and Botswana. Ilpply :med in "In" rejectinl?; bantustans, .re declare that all the people of South Africa including the people of ~ranskei and Bopthuthatswana - retain their rights in :>Uth Africa, the whole of South Africa. G. ;'The destiny of South Africa will be decided by all the people of that :> in country on the basis of full equality. The plots of the apartheid regime 3hort-term~ to deprive the African majority of its inalienable ri~hts will be ,destroyed. The ft1rican chiefs who choose to sell the birthright of their people will face the judgement of history and of the people of South Africa.;' pursuance 3eral on 89. In March 1978~ the attention of the Special Committee was drawn to plans to organize a boxing match between Hr. ~J1ohammed Ali and ~-1r. Leon Spinks in Bophuthatswana. It joined with OAU and other groups in persuading the organizers
;.j to change the venue. q,! I 90. At the 393rd meeting on 2 October 1978, the Chairman drew attention of the other Special Committee to the fact that some Western countries were accepting Transkei )r any of postage stamps despite the resolutions of the General Assembly condemning the 3.S no so-called l7independence:l of that territory. The Chairman had iVTitten to the Secretary-General on the matter and had received a reply stating categorically that
tl the stamps had not been recognized by the Universal Postal Union (UPU). His letter fl.frica , Tune 1978. and the Secretary-GeneralIs reply were issued as documents of the Special Committee so that they could be drawn to the attention of all Governments.
-19- ~his has .vate G. Repression a~ainst opponent~ of apartheid lth md very 91. The cause of political prisoners in Routh Africa and the continuin~ massive .de repression a~ainst opponents of apartheid has been a matter of p,reat concern to the Special Committee durin~ the past year.
in due q2. On 11 October 1977, the Day of Solidarity "lyith South African Political Prisoners, a number of anti-apartheid organizations launched petitions for international action to end all political trials, to stop torture and murder of detainees and to release all political prisoners and detainees. This petition campaiRn followed discussions among them at the World Conference for Action against Apartheid held at Lagos in August 1977. ~he Rpecial Committee encouraged the campai~n in appropriate ways. r 1977 the 93. Subsequently it received petitions, si~ned by tens of thousands of persons, from the Anti-Apartheid Hovements of Australia, Denmark, the Netherlands _. New erne of Zea.land and the United Kingdom; Comite contre le colonialisme et l'apartheid, the Belgium; Canadians Concerned about Southern Africa; Azanian People's Solidarity (1 to . Committee, Canada; and the Comite frangais contre l'apartheid. mic and 94. r~anwhile, on 18 October 1977, the apartheid resime unleashed a new wave of states 1 repression with the banninr: of a large number of organizations and newspapers., and the imprisonment and restriction of many opponents of apartheid. At the 355th and meetin~s jected 366th on 19 and 28 October 1977, the Rnecial Committee strongly condemned the repression and called for effective international action.
, "lvith 95. On 31 October, the Security Council unanimously adopted resolution 417 (1977) strone:ly condeJllIlin~ "the South African racist rer-:ime for its resort to ma.ssive violence and repression ae;ainst the black people, "lyho constitute the great majority of the country, as well as other opponents of apartheid". It demanded that 1 Africa the racist regime of South Africa, inter alia: ights in ;~(a) End violence and repression against the black people and other opponents of apartheid; f that sime ll(b) Release all persons imprisoned under arbitrary security lavTs and broyed. all those detained for their opposition to apartheid; yill ;:( c) Cease forthvTith its indiscriminate violence against peaceful demonstrators against apartheid, murders in detention and torture of tns to politipal prisoners; mizers ';(d) Abrogate the bans on organizations and the news media opposeCl_ to apartheid. "
: the The Security Council requested the Secretary-General? in co-operation with the 'anskei Special Committee, to follow the situation and report to the Security Council. ;he le 96. The Special Committee was most concerned that the apartheid regime continued Llly that repression despite this resolution and consta.ntly drew attention to the p;rave .8 letter situation• :ommittee 97. At its 363rd meeting on 11 January 1978, it heard statements by representatives of the Pan Africanist Congrp.ss of Azania (PAC) and. the Afric~n
-20- '.nr: massive National Conr,ress of South Africa on the new trials of FAC lea.ders in South Africa :oncern to and on increasing repression. After takin~ note of those statements and other developments, the Committee issued the followin~ communique on 12 January: i.tical "The Special Committee a~ainst Apartheid has noted with the gravest continuin~ 3 for concern and indignation the massacres of ppaceful demonstrators murder of in South Africa, the murders of political detainees ann.. the trials of petition numerous patriots under the obnoxious racist repressive laws which provide ~ction for the death penalty. :l encouraged tiThe Special Committee considers that the policies and actions of the apartheid re~ime have further aggravated the situation in South Africa. They :>f persons, are a challenge to the Pecurity Council which in resolution 417 (1977) nds '. New unanimously demanded an end to reuression in South Africa. artheid, Solidarity "The Special Committee appeals to all Governments and organizations to step up action against the apartheid re~ine. It hopes that the Security Council will meet urgently to consider the deteriorating situation in South ne1-T wave of Africa and decide on further effective measures to secure the i~pleMentation wspapers., and of its resolution 417 (1977)." . he 355th and gly 98. On 19 January 1978, it sent to the Secretary-General, for the attention of n. the Security Council, a review of the developments since the adoption of Security Council resolution 417 (1977) (S/12536). It stated: on 417 (1977) o massive "The Special Committee considers it imperative that the Security Council great should consider the situation urgently and take effective measures to secure :t demanded that the full i~plementation of resolution 417 (1977). In this conne~ion, the Special Committee attaches great importance to the requests made to the Security Council by the General Assembly in resolutions 32/105 and 32/8l. 11 lOd The Special Committee extended an invitation to Hr. Donald 'Hoods, the South llfrican editor who had escaped from restriction in South Africa, and consulted ~nth him at the 365th meeting on 26 January 1978. ~~. Woods also made a statement during the debate in the Security Council.
~aceful 99. The Security Council concluded its discussion on 31 January. however, without ~e of a decision on further action. 100. On 8 February, the Chairman addressed a cummunication to the Commission on opposeCl. to Human Ri~hts on increasing repression in South Africa and related developments. He made a statement before the Commission on 20 February.
1 'toTith the 101. Continuing its consideration of the matter. the Special Committee granted a y Council. hearing, at its 372nd meetinp.: on 17 Harch 1978, to Mr. Pascal Holoi, a member of the African National Congress of South Africa, who had escaped from detention in ime continued Johannesburg. the grave 102. The Committee repeatedly expressed its serious concern over the death sentence imposed on Mr. Solomon Hahlangu and, in this connexion, took note of a telegram from the President of the Ministerial Conference of Non-aligned Countries he Afric~n (A/AC.115/L.496). .",i I -21- !
_~~l!tli!Ll!ll!:;;;:~m_TI'17 'r 1,·'~LS:~:;::'?~'N"'~;·"-';"':ic;{"·Y-i!f±f;:'~lF}i#iA"'fj;w.'$';:~-;;:1';~f"1!'£,"?·"'.K:J!'~";'i';,;",~\?"-t::~~~~~·~~~;·~~.·.,;""~:.~:~.~••• •• 103. At the 392nd ~eetinp on 21 September 1978, the Cummittee condemned the li police raid on 'Crossroacls , a squatters' camp near Cape Tovn, on 14 SepteJllber, South Africa durin~ which three persons, includinp. a babY5 had been killed and a large number nd other of persons errested. ary: 10l~. The Chairman issued a number of press statements, on behalf of the Special r.:ravest Committee5 cODdc~~ing repression in South Africa and callinp for international nstrato:rs action for an end to repression and for the unconditional release of all political s of prisoners: h provide (1) Statenent on'lR October 1977 on the trial of three members of the Pan Africanist Conp;ress of Azania - Hr. Stanley Pule, Hr. l\forgan Gxekwa and ns of the Mr. Isaac Lolmrane Malika; frica. They 1977) (2) Statement on 5 December 1077 concerninp the judf,ement in the inquest over the death of ~1r. Steve Biko;
mtions to (3) Statement on 13 January 1978 on the persecution of =curity Hrs. Nomzamo Hinnie Mandela; :1 in South le:rn.entation (4) Statement on 24 January on the publication by Amnesty International of a special report on Political Imprisonment in South Africa, .
mtion of (5) Statement on 14 March 1978 on the death sentence imnosed on )f Security Mr. Solomon Hahlanrw, a member of the African National Congress of South Africa;
~i ty Council (6) Statemerrc on 19 July 1978 on the rejection of the appeal against the. ; to secure conviction of N[r. Hahlan(!:u and calline:; for efforts to save his life; ~on 5 the ;0 the (7) Statement on 12 September 1978 on the imprisonment of relatives of L 32/81." Steve Biko and others on the eve of the first anniversary of his :death.
'outh .African .rith him at F. International Convention on the'Sunpression and during the ., Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid
r 105. The Sp~cial Committee continued its efforts to promote the ratification of, 'er 5 without Qr accession to, the International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime Q~ Apartheid, which came into force on 18 July 1976. ssion on 106. Since the last report of the Special Committee, the followin~ States have opments. deposited ratifications or accessions: Burundi, Ethiopia, Ghana, Haiti, Niger 5 Philippines and Seychelles. Forty-six States are now parties to the Convention. granted a member of I. Apartheid in sports ention in 107. The Special Committee continued its efforts to promote the full implementation of a boycott of apartheid sports teams, in accordance with the resolutions of the ath sentence United Nations. The Rapporteur drew the attention of the Committee to relevant telegram developments at the 367th meeting on 21 Febr~ary and submitted a review of relevant es developments in June 1978 (A/AC.115/L.494).
-22- nned the 1. Ilrvriss lrTorldl. contest ~ 8epteJ11ber, large number 108. On 4 November 1977, the Chairman issued a statement expressing concern that South Africa had been admitted to the 1l~1iss Vorldl1l contest in London on 17 November, and calling on all countries concerned to ne~and the exclusion of the Special South Africa and to withdraw from the contest if the organizers persisted in ternational defying the United Nations resolutions. f all political 109'. The Special Committee was subsequently informed that India, Indonesia, ~1alaysia and the Philippines had withdra~m from the contest. s of the Pan xekwa and 2. Tennis the inquest over 110. ~he Special Committee was obliged to devote particularl attention to the participation of South African teams in international competitions in tennis. Because of the system of YTeighted votinp;, a few Festern countries had been able to prevent the exclusion of South Africa from the International Tennis Federation and the Davis Cup. ernational of Ill. On 22 November 1977, the Chairman issued a statement cOmID€ndinp. the r~vernment of Colombia for refusing visas to the South African Davis Cup tennis team to play in Bogota against the Colombian team. 11/ on s of South 112. On 5 January 1978, he issued a statement concerning reports that a South African Davis Cup tennis team 1YaS due to play the United Sta.tes of America at Nashville, Tennessee, from 17 to 19 Harch. He commended the many countries against the, which refused to play the South African tennis team and pointed out that in the life; North American zone, to which it was admitted, only the tennis bodies of Colombia anc. the United States of America had agreed to compete with it. He called on the ,atives of United States Tennis Association to refrain from playing South Africa, and Lis 'death. commended the many American organizations which had called for the exclusion of South Africa from the Davis Cup. anc't 113. The Committee followed idth appeals to the Unite(l. States Tennis Association, the Governor of Tennessee, Vanderbilt University and others to prevent the staging of this tournament, especially on the eve of International Anti-Apartheid Year. ;ification of, ld Punishment of 114. On 21 February, the Committee decided to extend an invitation to ~tr. M. IT. Pather, secretary of the non-racial Southern African Lawn Tennis Union, to testify before it. The South African regime, however, did not grant him a States have passport. [aiti, l\Tiger, le Convention. 115. On 16 March, the Chairman held a press conference together with Mr. Jasmat Dhiraj, a South African tennis star associated with the non-racial Lawn Tennis Union. On behalf of the Special Committee, the Chai~~an expressed J regret and dismay that the United States Tennis Association was proceeding with its plans for a match with a South African team. He expressed disappointment that Ll implementation 11 the United Statp.s Government had taken no steps to prevent or discourage the ~atch. '1 )lutions of the 1 ~ to relevant j ~view of relevant J 11/ Subsequently, the Committee learned that the competition had been staged j in,Johannesburg. 1 I!!!l!!llI!!!!!!i!~~~~~-0!!!i!23!!!!!-~~ _~ ~ __...... """""",...... !!!II!I!:!! _!!I!!I!I!__" 'f35'ft··ttd-"-Wft'·~7ttwtfP ?7ffniii!~'r'7WEntTeT"n'ae~~1-r*'7"" @!¥ ____....·'·r--1°7 '_ '_.'_ 5 116. Heamrhile, on 31 January 1978, the Chairman issued t\ statement cOlmnendin,o: the South P~erican Tennis Association for calling for the exclusion of South Africa from the Anlerican section of the Davis Cup tennis tournament.
3. Other develo-pments
117. At the 361st meeting on 1 December lQ77, the Special Committee took note of reports that the Yacht Club of Uruguay had decided to orpanize" jointly ,vith the Cruisin@: Association 01' South Africa, a ya.cht race from Capeto",'1l to Punt.a del Este in 1979~ The Chairman sent a letter to the Permanent Re~resentative of tJruguay, drawing his attention to the fact that the grantinF of any facilities for the race w'ould be a violation of United ~Tations resolutions and an encouragement to a-partheid in sports. Ho reply "ras received by the S:pecial COJl1!!l.ittee.
118. Also at the 361st meetinp: on 1 December 1977, the COlT'.mittee noted with appreciation several measures taken by Canada against a-partheid in sports.
119. At the 366th meeting on 30 January 1978, the Committee considered a letter from the Citizens Association for Racial Eg,uality of Hew' Zealand drawing attention to the possible participation of a South African team in the Horld Glidinr.: Championships at Ch~teauroux, France, in 1978. The Chairman wrote a letter to the Permanent 'Representative of France, drawing his attention to the United Nations resolutions relating to a-partheid in sports. No reply was received by the Special Committee.
120. At the 366th meeting on 30 January 1978, the Committee considered a letter from the Chairman of the Irish Anti-A-partheid Movement concerning two international sporting events due to take place in Ireland in 1978, namely the l'1orld Cup of the International Golf Association, to be held in July, and the International Tup.; 0' Har, to be held in September. The Chairman vITote letters to the Irish sports bodies concerned, as well as to the Permanent RepresentativE' of Ireland, dravnng their ,attention to the relevant United Nations resolutions. lITo reply was received by the Special Committee.
121. On 9 Harch 1978, the Chil:i..rman addressed a letter to the Permanent Representative of the Netherlands concerning a tour of a Netherlands cricket team to South Africa and ~Tamibia•. The Permanent Hl:presentative of the Netherlands stated, in a reply of 21 IV!arch, that his Government had not failed to ex:Press its sincere disappointment d.t the refusal of the team iIll ':luestion to adhere to the policy pursued by the Netherlands Government vTith !"egard to apartheid, in keepinp.: vTith the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly (A/AC.115/SR.376, para. 39).
122. At the 388th meeting on 3 August 1978, the Committee noted with appreciat.ion (a) the decision of the Government of Canada to deny entry visas to sportsmen from South Africa (A/AC.115/L.495); &nd (b) the decision of the Government of Brazil ,i not to issue entry visas to members of a South African expedition who intended to sail on a raft from ~'Talvis Bay to Rio de Janeiro.
123. At the 391st meeting on 13 September 1978, the Special Committee noted with appreciation action tak.en by the Government 9f Australia to deny government grants :1 .1 to sporting organizations for competitions in which South Africa or Southern ,I Rhodesia were involved.
-24- 124. On 19 September 1978, the ChaiI'IllCUl Issued a ~ LttLI:1l1t:::nl; cOJ''lIllendin(r ica Mr. Phillip Mathis for vTithdra1.dng f'rom the United States fencinp. team that w~.s scheduled to compete in South Africa.
125. At the 393rd meeting on 2 October, the Chairman informed the Special Committee that he received a letter from the Permanent Representative of Australia denying reports in the South Africa press that Australia would support the readmission of South Africa to the International Cricket Conf,erence and reiterating his Government's policy with regard to Routh Africa sportsmen. The letter was issued te as a document of the Special Committee (A/AC.115/L.502). ce J. Assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement
126. The Special Committee has repeatedly appealed for increased assistance to the oppressed people of' South Africa and to the South African liberation movements recognized by OAU, in view of the increasing repression, the great increase in refugees from South Africa, and the requirements of the new stage of the struggle on for liberation. It maintained contact with other United Nations agencies concerned, as well as vbluntary organizations engaged in assistance to the victims of apartheid. It stressed the need for increased assistance in all its nissions and ons in a number of statements. al 127. In this connexion, on 18 October 1977, the Chairman issued a statement commending the Government of the Netherlands on its decision to make a substantial grant to the South African liberation movements reco~nized by OAU f'or assistance to refugees. The Committee lent its support to the fund events or~anized by ANC in nevr York, on 23 r"'arch and 16 June 1978, for educational assistance to youn~ refugees from South Africa.
. the K. Dissemination of information against apartheid
128. The Special Comnittee devoted increased attention during the year to the ;ative dissemination of inf'ormation against apartheid, in close co-operation with the ~ca Centre against Apartheid, the Office of Public Information and a numberciof r of' non-governmental organizations. It laid particular stress on audio-visual mt information and sponsored exhibits against apartheid.
129. The Committee actively promoted contributions to the United Nations Trust Fund for Publicity a~ainst Apartheid and encouraged the co-operation of Governments and interf,overnmental and non-governmental organizations with the Centre against >n Apartheid.
~azil 130. The Committe p f'ollowed the progress of radio broadcasts to southern Af'rica ;0 initiated by the Secretary-General on 1 }~arch 1978 in accordance with the request contained in paragraph 4 of General Assembly resolution 32/105 H of' 14 November 1977 - and lent its assistance in all appropriate ways. 1 Its L. Encouragement of ~ublic action againRt apartheid
131. In its efforts to promote public action against apartheid, t]1e Special
-25- 1 r \ Cmmnittee paid ~articular attention in the past year to concerted action by trade ul1iol1.s~ churches~ youth and students~ and people of African descent. e 1. Trade unions
132. The Special Committee maintained close contact with the 1Jorkers' Group of the International Labour Organisation, and with a number oi international regional and national trade union or~anizations with a view to encouragin~ effective and concerted trade union action against a-nartheid in accordance i·rith I the resolution ~dopted. by the Second International Conference of Trade Unions against Apartheid held at Geneva in June 1977. I'I
133. It noted ivith satisfaction the ivic'l.e :9articipation in the tra.de-union week of protest against apartheid on the eve of International Anti-Apartheid Year, and the effective participation by trade unions in the consider;tion of apartheid during the General Conference of the International Labour Organisation in June 1978. i,
2. Churches .'
134. The Special Committee continued to maintain close contact with a number of church bodies active in opposition to apartheid.
135. It r.ommended the policy statement adopted by the National Council of Churches of Christ in the United States of America on 10 Hovember 1977 un action to end collaboration with the South African regime and to assist the oppressed people
and their liberation movement. ,
136. Subsequently, at its 37lst meeting on 14 ~~arch 1978, it held consultations with a number of leaaers of churches in the United States of America on co-operation in action against apartheid (see para. 217). f
137 e At that meeting, the Chairman indicated that he had been in consultation : with church leaders from various countries with a view to organizing a world , conference or consultation against apartheid with the participation of leaders . of all religions.
3. Youth and students
138. The Special Committee gave high priority during the year to promoting I concerted action by youth and students against apartheid, and to organizing an •• internationel conference for that purpose.
139. It held consultations with leaders of international and African youth and student organizations on 15 March and 4 April 1978. In the light of these I consultations, and at the invitation of the International Union of StUdents, it convened a consultative meetin~ of youth and student organizations in Prague on 17 and 18 tw¥ 1978. The Special Committee. was represented by ~~. Serge Elie Charles (Haiti), Vice-Chairman, accompanied by the Director of the Centre against Apartheid. The participants unanimously decided to organize an international youth and student conference in solidarity vTith the strug@:le of
-26- .L the peoples of southern Africa, in co-operation 1·rith the Rpecial r.ommittee. They trade also decided to seek the co-operation of ImF-SCO in or~anizin~ the Conference.
140. The Special r.ommittee then held consultations with l~TESCO and received assurances from the Director-General of UNESCO tha~ urmsco 1fould lend its full co-operation in organizing the Conference and would provide the necessarv conference facilities. of 141. Pt second consultative meeting of youth aItc1. student orp:f:mizations ,,,as held at Geneva on 1 September 1~78, at which the Special Committee was represented by rith I Hr. K. F. Hyamekye (Ghana) and Hr. B. Korneyenko (Ukrainian Soviet Socialist lS Republic), accompanied by the Director of the Centre against Apartheia. It ap.:reed to organize the Conference at the UNESCO headquarters in Paris from I'I 18 to 22 February 1979, and set up a w'orl,:ine; ~roup of youth and student ~ek organizations, with the participation of representatives of the Speci8.1 COrmlittee
,? and urmsco, to make the necessary arrangements. rtheid 142. Heanwhile, on 9 Hay 1978, the Special Committee against Apartheid held two meetings for consultations with student grOUTIS from American universities active in campaigns against investment by the universities in corporations operatin~ in South Africa. The Chairman made a statement. Statements were mat9.e by the representatives of the student groups from Princeton University, Columbia University, University of Chicago, Vassar College, Yale University, Hampshire College, Atlanta University, r of Wesleyan University, University of Connecticut, Swarthmore College, Medgar Evers Collee;e, Hunter College and Stanford University. Statements were also made by the representatives of the African National Congress (ANC) and the Pan Africanist hurches Congress of Azania (PAC). end pIe M. Observance of international days
ions 143. The Special Committee held solemn meetings at the United Nations Headquarters in observance of the international days proclaimed by the General Assembly in connexion with the struggle against apartheid in South Africa: the International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (21 Harch), the International Day on of Solidarity ,rith the Struggling People of South Africa (16 June) and the Day of Id Solidarity with South African Political Prisoners (ll October). ers .\ (I 144. It also held a solemn meetin~ in observance of the first anniversary of the . 1 death in prison of Steve Biko (12 Eeptember) •
145. To these special meetings, it invited all Hember States of the United Nations, the United Nations bodies concerned with southern Africa, the specialized agencies of the United Nations, OAU and the South African liberation movements recognized an by OAU, as well as non-governmental organizations active against apartheid.
146. The Special Committee addressed appeals to Governments ana organizations in 11 and I1 order to promote the ,vorld-,oTide observance of the above international days, as ~ j well as the sixtieth birthday of Mr. Nelson Mandela on 18 July 1978. i! ;, it '1 le on !I il 1. Dav of Solidarity with South African Political of ~isoners (11 October) tnize de of i] 147. The Special Committee held three meetinFs on 11 and 12 October 1977 in il observance of the Day of Solidarity ~nth South African Political Prisoners. li -27- I'1,1 ..,...
=y l4~. Statements were made by representatives of the Secretary-General, the lTnited !Tations bodies concerned and OAU, as "rell as representatives of 28 Governments, the two South African liberation movements and 12 non-governmental orf,anizations. The representative of FAO made a statement and :presented to the Chairman the rence Ceres Medal, which had been struck by FAO in honour of Miss Dorothy Nyembe, a South African political prisoner. The Committee also heard excerpts from a play, Survival. at 149. The Committee adopted by acclamation an appeal in which it urged all Governments and organi,zations: =ed "(a) To extend their greetings and pled~es of solidarity to the South African political prisoners; =e n(b) To denounce the apartheid regime for its repression and demand the unconditional release of all persons imprisoned, detained, or restricted in South Africa for their opposition to apartheid, which has been declared a = in crine against humanity; )uth Gives "(c) To provide all appropriate assistance to the political prisoners Gyof and their families through the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa and non-governmental agencies;
"(d) To take all necessary steps to brinp, about total isolation of the racist regime;
n(e) To implement the Lagos Declaration for Action against Apartheid, and all relevant United Nations resolutions, and thereby assist the national liberation movement to eradicate apartheid and enable all the people of that country to exercise their inalienable rif!ht to self-determination." ~rs 150. ~1essages received. on the occasion were published in a document of the Special Committee (A/AC.115/L.489).
2. International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (21 March)
151. The International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination in 1978 coincided i·Tith the launchinp.: of the International Anti-Apartheid Year, proclaimed ms'1 by the General Assembly in its resolution 32/105 B. The Special Committee held a les solemn meeting at Headquarters on that day.
152. Statements were made at the meetin~ by the President of the thirty-second session of the General Assembly, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, the President of the Security Council, the representatives of the Special Committee on the Situation ivith regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples of the United Nations C01.IDcil for Namibia and of the Committee of Trustees of the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa, the chairmen of the regional groups in the United Nations; the Executive Secretary of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) , the President of the African National Congress of South Africa (AJTC); and' the Administrative Secretary of the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) (A/AC.115/PV.374).
-28- United 153. ~1essaf,es were received on that occasion from His Excellency, nts, ~1r. J. R. J~yewardene, President of Sri Lanka and the current Chairman of the ,tions. Conference of the Heads of State or Government of Non-aligned Countries; from the ,e Heads of State or Government of Afghanistan, Australia, Ethiopia~ the German a Democratic Republic, Greece, Gu,yana, Haiti, Malaysia, 1'Tip;eria~ Norway, Panama, . play, Turkey, Venezuela and Yugoslavia; and from Hinisters of Foreign Affairs or other leaders of the Governments of Argentina, Brazil, Denmark, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Somalia, Sudan and the RepUblic of Korea. ~1essag~s were also received from the Directors-General 'of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Orf:l;anization (UNESCO), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Labour Or~anisation iouth (ILO) and the Uorld Health Organization (I'llia); the Administrative Secretary General of the Organization of African Unity (OAU); and the Commonwealth Secretary General. 12/ md the ;ed in ~d a 3. International Day of Solidarity with the Strugf:l;lin~ People of South Africa (1(1 June) mers :ica 154. On 16 June 1~78, the Special Committee held a solemn meetinp in observance of the International Day of Solidarity with the Struggling People of South Africa, which had been proclaimed by the General Assembly in resolution 31/6 in 1976. )f the 155. Statements were made at the meetin~ by the Secretary-General of the United Nations; the Chairman of the African Group of States and the representative of OAU; leid, representatives of the regional groups in the Special Committee; the representative i:'tional of FAO; the African National Congress of South Africa and the Pan Africanist )f that Conf,ress of Azania; and the Chairman of the Special Committee (A/AC.115/SR.386). 156. Messages were received from the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Special Affairs of the Syrian Arab Republic, the Foreign Hinister of Indonesia, the Director-General of UNESCO and a number of non-governmental organizations.
4. Sixtieth birthday of ~tr. Nelson R. Mandela (18 July)
1978 157. At its 359th meeting on 7 November 1977, the Special Committee recalled that ::laimed it "Tas the fifteenth anniversary of the imprisonment of Hr. Nelson Handela, a held a prominent leader of the African National Congress of South Africa, and expressed , its solidarity with }~r. Mandela and all the other political prisoners in South Africa. ::ond I, ns, the 1;8. On 31 May 1978, the Chairman of the Special Committee sent an appeal to ittee on Governments and organizations to observe the sixtieth birthdaY of Mr. Mandela on Grantinp; 18 July not only to pay tribute to him for his outstandinp: contribution to the uncil for ·1 struggle for liberation in South Africa, but to publicize the heroic struggle of for South the national liberation movement to which he dedicated his life, and to demand cutive the immediate release of all political prisoners, detainees and restrictees in African I South Africa. of the I 12/ All messages received on that occasion were issued as a document of the Special Committee, -A/AC.115/L.489. -29- 159. The Chairman of the Special Committee addressed a meetin~ in London on that b~r n the occasion, orc;anized the Anti-Apartheid Hovement and the International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa. He sent telegrams to Hr. Nelson Handela and to t, Mrs. Nomzamo Winnie Handela, his wife, "t'1ho is restricted to the remote tm'ffi of ;her Brandfort in South Africa. The Committee took note with satisfaction that the Ifexico, event was observed in many countries in response to its appeal (A/AC.115/L.498). ;aR~s lal , 5. Anniversary of the death of Steve Biko (12 S~ptember) :on 160. On 21 August, the Chairman of the Special Committee issued an appeal to all 'etary- Governments and organizations to observe the first anniversary of the death of Steve Biko on 12 September 1978, in full solidarity with the heroic struggle for liberation in South Africa, as an occasion:
"(a) To pay tribute to Steve Biko and all other martyrs in the struggle for liberation in South Africa, including particularly the many patriots killed by the apartheid regime in prison;
Ice of "(b) To condemn i;he impridonment, torture and murder of South African :a, patriots; "(c) To demand punishment of the racist crirlinals in accordance with the ed International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the CriIlle of ,f OAU; Apartheid; tative "(d) To pledge solidarity with the struggle of the black people of South 6). Africa, especially of students and youth, for the eradication of apartheid and the establishment of a non-racial society." oreign 161. The Special Committee held a special meeting on 12 September. Statements were made by: the Under-Secretary-General for Political and Security Council Affairs on beralf of the Secretary-General; the ~1inister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Gambia on behalf of the Head of state of Gambia; the chairmen of the regional groups of States; the representative of the United States of America; representatives of the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights under Law, the Solidarity Committee of the German Democratic Republic, Amnesty International, the National that Conference of Black La~7ers in the United St~tes ~f America, the African National C'ongress of South Africa and the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania; and the Chairman sed of the Special Committee. h 162. The Special Committee recieved a message on this occasion from the President of the RepUblic of Gambia, His Excellency Sir Dawda K. Jawara (A/AC.115/L.499). It also received a message from the Chairman of the New York Black and Puerto Rican on Legislative Caucus.
of i 6. Day of Solidarity with South African Political Prisoners 1 (11 October 1978) 163. The Special Committee held two meetings on 10 October 1978 in observance of the Day of Solidarity with South African Political Prisoners. Ghe
-30- T11 on -that 164. Statements were made by ihe President of the Security Council; a representative Defence of the Secretary-General; representatives of the United Nations bodies concerned, a and to OAU, and the rer;ional groups of states, as well as f1. number of Governments; -the ~m of representatives of the two South African liberation movements - the African t -the IJatIonal Congress of South Africa and the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania - and a L.498) . number of non-governmental organizations. 165. The Special COPlmittee decided to send its special greetin~s and message of full solidarity to the families of all the poiitical prisoners and to all men and women restricted for their opposition to apartheid• . to all .th of 166. Messages received on the occasion were published in a United Nations press :p:le for release.
struggle 'io-ts killed lfrican
~ wi-th the 'iIl1e of
~ of South trtheid
~men-ts mcil irs of the 1 of the ~rica; ~ Solidarity ITational Na-tional Ghe Chairman i I: President I [,.499). ~ ller-to Rican
vance of the l1li11"11 2 _ 1. ,. . :
H. Tributes to er'incnt l1crscnnlitius for their contribu't.l()1'l to the_liborationBtrtiill'lu ~]Pi~!t:";~tr~'1----_·_h_- esentative eerned, 167. During the past year, especially in connexion with the observance of ; the International Anti-Apartheid Year, the Special Committee paid tribute to several n leaders who had contributed significantly to international solidarity with the a - and a liberation strug~le in South Africa. The Committee considered that the tributes ,,,,ere not only a duty but a means to publicize the Ion/'; and rip;hteous s'trupp;le of the oppressed people of South Africa and to promote greater solidarity with that f;e of struggle. m.en 1. Mahatma. Gandhi press 168. At its llleeting on 30 January 1978, which coincided with the thirtieth anniversary of the assassination of ~1ahetma Gandhi, the Special Committee paid tribute to him as one of the great leaders of humanity whose name is inextricably linked with the struggle of the people of Indian origin in South Africa a~ain8t racial discrimination and for human dignity. Statements were made by the Chairman and by the representatives of Ghana, Haiti, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Malaysia~ the Philippines, Somalia and the Syrian Arab Republic, as well as the representative of the African National Congress of South Africa (A!AC.115!SR.36n).
2. Dr. W. E. B. DuBois
169. The Special Committee held two special meetings on 23 February 1978, the one hundred and tenth anniversary of the birth of Dr. William E. B. DuBois, the noted black American scholar and leader of the Pan African movement. The meetings were devoted to the theme nDr. DuBois, Pan Africanism and the liberation of South l Africa :. Special invitations were sent to persons who were associated vTith Dr. DuBois and the Pan African Movement, and the meeting W8.S attended by a great number of black leaders from the United States of America.
170. Statements were made at the meetings by the representatives of the German Democratic Republic, Ghana, Haiti, Hungary, India (on behalf of the Asian members of the Special Committee), Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America.
l1L Statements were also made by Judge William Booth, President of the American Committee on Africa; Mr. Benjamin Hooks, Director of the National Association of the Advancement of Colored People; Mr. Harold Sims, author and former director of the National Urban League; Mr. Charles vlesley,' black historian and author; '·ir. VTilliam Lucy, President of the National Federation of Black Trade Unionists; Mr. Ronald WaIters, President of the African Heritage Studies Association~ ~~. Benjamin Mays, President Emeritus of Morehouse College, Atlanta, Georgia; ~~. WaIter Carrington, Executive Vice-President of the African-American Institute; [tt. Anthony Monteiro, Executive Secretary of the National Anti-Imperialist lNkwement in Solidarity ~vith African Liberation ~ Mr. Irving Davis, secretary of the Patrice Lumumba Coalition; Mrs. Esther Jackson, editor of Freedomways; and representatives of the African National Congress of South Africa and the Pan A~rieanist Congress of Azania (A!AC.115!SR.368-369).
112~ 1~~ ~pecial Committee decided, in principle, to or~anize, in co-operation with too ~f:nean t(}roop and the Caribbean States, a conference of leaders of Africa and of pe~le of African descent all over the world to consider co-ordinated action for ttlle U;\b.'el!"~tioo of f¥filth Africa (A/AC.115/SR.369, para,s. 1-2). -32- 11
Q.r~ of 3. Harj;in Luther Kinf; bo several 173. At its meetings on 4 April 1978, .,ith the devoted to the assessment of its work during the,15 years since its inception, the Special Committee 3 tributes paid tribute to the late Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King on bru[l:f1;le the tenth anniversary of his assassination. of Statements were made by the Chairman and with that the representative of the United States of America. Other speakers at the meetings associated I themselves with the I tributes (A/AC.115/SR.375-376). 174. The Special Committee decided to promote the world-wide observance fiftieth anniversary of the of the birth of Dr. King, on 15 January 1979, and authorized the Working Group leth to take steps towards that end (A/AC.115/SR.375, paras. Il-lh). Gee paid lextricably 1 against 4. Paul Robeson t.he Chairman 175. Nepal, On 10 April 1978, the Special Committee held a special meeting the eightieth to commemorate II as the anniversary of the birth of the late Paul Robeson. l15/SR.36()) . 176. Statements were made at the meeting by the representative of the United I. States of funerica, representatives of India, German Democratic Haiti Republic, the Sudan, on behalf of the regional groups in the Committee; and of the representative Cuba who read a message from President Fidel Castro of Cuba. the r8, 177. 3pis, the Statements were also made, at the invitation of the Special following Committee, by the rile meetings individuals: Fred O'Neal, President Emeritus of Actors' Lloyd Equity:. m of South L. Brown, author; Cleveland Robinson, trade union leader; ~~s. Esther 'toTith Jackson, editor of Freedomways; Gil Noble, television producer; Mrs, Jewel Gresham., civil ~~s. )y a e;reat rights leader; Dorothy Hunton, former associate of the Council on African Affairs; ~~rs. Karen Talbot, Secretary Council; of the World Peace Mr. Mirza Ibragimov, Chairman of the Soviet Afro-Asian Solidarity German Committee and Paul Robeson, Jr. (A/AC.115/SR.3TT). lan members let 178. The meeting was followed by a cultural performance under Special the auspices of the States of Committee.
~ American O. Tributes to leaders of the South African liberation ~iation of movements iirector of lOr; 1. Robert Manp;aliso Sobukwe Jnionists; 179. On 3 March Lon ~ 1978, the Special Committee held a special meeting, collaboration in ~orgia; with the Group of African States, to pay tribute to the Robert Mangaliso late 1 Institute; Sobukwe, President of the Pan Africanist Congress had died of Azania, who List on 26 February 1978. ;)tary of the 180. A message and from the Secretary-General of the United Nations was read meeting by at the le Pan the Assistant Secretary-General for Special Political Questions. 181. Statements were made by the representative of Gabon (on behalf Chairman of the current )eration with of OAU); the Chairman of the Special Committee on the Situation regard to the Implementation with Africa and of the DeClaration of the Granting of Independence to ~d action for Colonial Countries and Peoples; the President of the United Nations Council for Namibia; the Chairmen of the regional groups of States; and the representative of the United States of America. work during the late 182. Statements were also made by Judge William Booth, President of the American nation. Committee on Africa, and by representatives of the South West Africa People's ed States Organization, the Patriotic Front of Zimbabwe and the Pan Africanist Congress of the Azania (A/AC.115/SR.370).
of' the 2. Duma Nokwe, Dr. G.M. Naicker and Moses Kotane authorized s. ll-l'~). 183. At its meeting of 26 January 1978, the Special Committee paid tributes to Mr. Duma Nokwe, a leader of the African National Congress of South Africa, and Dr. G. M. Niacker, former President of the Natal Indian Congress, who had died a few days earlier (A/AC.115/SRoJh5)~
~ommemorate 184. At its meeting on 30 May 1978? the Committee paid tribute to the memory of Mr. ~-1oses Kotane, Treasurer-General of .A..NC, who had died a fei'T days earlier (A/AC.115/SR.382) , lited , the Sudan, lentative P. Awards by the Special Committee 185. In paragraph 7 of resolution 31/6 G of 9 November 1976, the General Assembly ;ee, by the authorized the Special Committee llto establish an award to be presented to persons ,y:. who have, in co-operation with the United Nations and in solidarity with the South African liberation movements, contributed significantly to the international ll .cer; campaign against apartheid • sociate of' Id Peace 186. The Special Committee considered the matter at its 347th, 348th, 38lst and ity 389th meetings on 21 J~e and 26 July 1977 and 10 May and 9 August 1978, respectively. It further decided that the first series of gold medals would be presented on 11 October 1978 to the following persons: es of the T.he Reverend Canon L. John Collins~
The Right Honourable Michael Hanley;
The late General Murtala Mohammed;
The late Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru;
The late Dr. Kwame j\TkrtLmah:: ;e mia, who Mr. Olof Palme; The late Paul Robeson. at the lS. 187. The awards were presented to the above-mention8d persons at the special plenary meeting of the General Assembly held on 11 October 1978. le current ; with 'ndence to
-34- • u. . ;
Council for Q. Missions presentative to Governments 188. During the past year, the Special Committee sent missions Belgium to Jamaica and for consultations with the Governments on further international the American against aEartheid. action The Chairman also held consultations with leaders of People's Governments of the Kenya and Zambia during visits to their capitals in connexion Congress of missions to conferences. with
1. Mission to Jamaica 189. At the invitation of the Government of Jamaica, the Chairman of the ributes to Committee, accompanied Special by the Vice-Chairman, Mr. Serge Elie Charles (Haiti), frica, and visited Jamaica from 17 to 20 June 1978. The delegation was received by o had died a Prime Minister, the the Right Honourable Mr. Michael Manley, ivho shoived keen interest in the work of the Special Committee ald in all aspects of the struggle against apartheid. He stated that Jamaica saw apartheid not merely e memory of injustice as a moral issue of to black people, but as bound up with the entire world earlier economic struggle against ,\ exploitation. The Chairman commended 11 Jamaica for organizing an effective ',\ national programme for the International Anti-Apartheid Year. 190. The delegation held discussions with the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. R. J. Patterson, and with Senator Dudley Thompson, Minister Security for National and former Foreign ~unister, on all aspects of the international eral Assembly against apartheid. campaign ted to persons with the international 2. Mission. to Belgiurn 191. The Chairman visited Belgium from 21 to 24 June 1978 for consultations , 38lst and the Belgian with Government, the European Economic Community (EEC) and other 978, organizations. He held detailed discussions with senior officials of the Foreign Is would be Ministry of Belgiurn.
192. During the discussions, the Chairman expressed appreciation for the various steps taken by the Belgian Government in the past year to demonstrate its opposition to apartheid and suggested that Belgium might c9nsider a number of additional measures in observance of the International Anti-Apartheid view Year and in of the serious situation in southern Africa. The Chairman the was assured that Government of Belgium would give serious consideration to made all suggestions by the Chairman in line with its total rejection of apartheid.
R. Representation at conferences
1. World Conference to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination 193. The Special Committee attached great importance to the World Conferen~(: Combat t,o Racism and Racial Discrimination, organized by the United from Nations at Geneva special 14 to 25 August 1978, at the midpoint of the Decade for Racism Action to Combat and Racial Discrimination and during the Internation~u Anti-Apartheid It took appropriate Year. steps to encourage effective participation in the Conference.
-35- 194. A delegation of the Special Committee, led by the ~hairman, participated in the Conference and exerted efforts, through a series of consultations, to promote the success of the Conference. It presented a number of concrete proposals on apartheid which were included in the Declaration and the Programme of Action adopted by the Conference.
2. International NGO Conference for Action against Apartheid
195. The Special Committee welcomed a proposal submitteo ~y the NGO Sub-Committee on Racism, Racial Discrimination, Apartheid and Decolonization - at the 360th meeting of the Special Committee on 11 November 1977 - to clrganize an international NGO Conference, in connexion with the observance of the Int~rnational Anti-Aparthei~Year and to promote concerted action by non-governmental organizations in implementation of the Lagos Declaration for Action against Apartheid. Following extensive consultations, the International N90 Conference for Action against Aparth~id was organized by the NGO Sub-Committee~ in co-operation with the Special Committee, at ILO headquarters in Geneva from 28 to 31 August 1978.
196. The Conference was attended by representatives of 37 in'cernational and 46 national non-governmental organizations active against apartheid, as well as representatives of southern African liberation movements and observers of several Governments and intergovernmental organizations. A delegation of the Special Committee participated in the Conference.
197. The Conference adopted a final resolution (A/AC.115/L.501), and the reports of its four Commissions contained proposals for a programme of action.
198. The Special Committee decided to take these documents into account in its reports to the General Assembly and the Security Council and in its programme of work.
3. Representation at other conferences
199. During the period under review, the Suecial Committee sent representatives to a number of national and internation~l conferences concerned with the problem Of apartheid, and sent messages to a number of such conferences. In addition, the Chairman addressed several conferences in order to promote greater awareness of, and support for, the United Nations efforts towards the eradication of apartheid.
200. The Committee was represented at conferences as follows:
Meeting of non-governmental organizations (to consider results of World Conference for Action against Apartheid), Montreal, 2 October 1977; Mr. Abraharr 'Joukoure (Guinea). 13/
Meeting of the Bureau of the World Peace Council, Washington, D.C., 25-27 January 1978; Mr. Abdelhamid Semichi (Algeria) (see A/AC.115/SR.366).
13/ For report on the Conference, see A/AC.115/SR.351.
-36-
71Vllr . fj~ rT---~------'.flIj"&_---_IIII!!Il!FI"'-_IIIII'!"'-~~.<__----II;;I;l-=-==II:IIIlI!!I!------. f Continental Conference of Latin America and the Caribbean Countries for e I.~ Peace, Sovereignty and Economic Independence, Mexico, 1-4 February 1978; r ~fr. K. F. Nyamekye (Ghana) (see A/AC.115/SR .367). \1 ,I Tenth Assembly of World Federation of Democratic Youth, Berlin, German Democratic Republic, 22 February to 1 March 1978; Nr. Olayinka I1 Sonayon Fisher (Nigeria).
\\ Conference on International Sports, Politics, Racism and Apartheid, e Nashville, Tennessee, 10-12 Harch 1978; Mr. Mohamed Osman (Sudan) and Mr. Ariel Abadilla (Philippines). nal Emergency Conference of the Bureau of the Presidential Committee of the World Peace Council, Helsinki, 18-19 April 1978; Mr. K. F. Nyamekye (Ghana) (see A/AC.115/SR.38l). !11 11 Study Conference on Apartheid, Brussels, 21-22 April 1978; Mr. K. F. Nyamekye I; (Ghana) (see A/AC.115/SR.387)~
Special meetings on apartheid during the General Conference of the International Labour Organisation, Geneva, 16-17 June 1978; Mr. Abdelhamid Semichi (Algeria). 1 'i Conference on oppression and the struggle in South Africa and Namibia, Kingston, 18 June 1978; Chairman and fir. Serge Elie Charles (Haiti), 11 Vice-Chairman (ibid.). fl Conference on Southern Africa, sponsored by the National Union of Students and the Anti-Apartheid Movement, Manchester; Mr. Gerhard Schroter (German Democratic Republic) (see A/AC.115/SR.391). i1 1 I Symposium on the Exploitation of the Blacks in South Africa and Namibia, and I on Prison Conditions in South African Jails, Maseru, 17-22 July 1978; j Mr. Mohan PrE.sad Lohani (Nepal) (see A/AC.115/SR.388). I World Festival of Youth and Students, Havana, 38 July to 5 August 1978; I Mr. Laszlo Hadas (Hungary) (see A/AC.l15/SR.391).
1 ;he I Telith anniversary convention of the National Conference of Black Lawyers, New Orleans, 11-12 August 1978; the Chairman (ibid.). I 11 L. \r World Conference to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination, Geneva, ,'1 14-25 August 1978; the Chairman, Mr. P. J. Rao (India), Rapporteur, and r,tr. B. Korneyenko (Ukrainian SSR) (ibid.). ~IJI. j,: Mid-West Conference on South Africa and University Divestment, held from 20 to 22 October 1978, in Chicago, Illinois: Mr. Laszlo Hadas (Hungary) (see A/ACrl15/SR.399). 1·1
Confer~nce I• International NGO for Action against Apartheid, Geneva, 28-31 August 1978; the Chairman, Mr. P. J. Rao (India), Rapporteur, Mr. K. F. Nyamekye (Ghana) and Mr. B. Korneyenko (Ukrainian SSR) (A/AC.115/SR.391).
-37- International Meeting on Liquidation of Racism and Apartheid - Urgent Task of Our Epoch, Baku, 11-15 September 1978; Mr. Hugo V. Palma (Peru) . (A/AC.115/Sh.392).
International Solidarity Conference with the Struggle of the African and Arab Peoples against Imperialism and Reaction~ Addis Ababa, 15-17 September 1978; ~~. Horst Joachimi (German Democratic Republic) (A/AC.115/SR.393).
Seminar on Southern Africa of the Austrian Anti-Apartheid r-.'Iovement, Vienna, 16-17 September 1978; Mr. Anthony Yeo (Malaysia) (A/AC.115/SR.392).
International Conference for the Liberation of Southern Africa and against Apartheid, New Delhi, 28 September to 2 October 1978; r-.~. Vladimir N. Martynenko (Ukrainian SSR), Vice-Chairman and ~~. K. F. Nyamekye (Ghana) (A/AC.115/SR.396). The Chairman addressed the following conferences and meetings: Emergency Action Conference on Southern Africa, London, 11 Fecruary 1978. re Convention of the National Union of Hospital and Health Care Employees, District 1199, New York, 12 March 1978.
Demonstration against bank loans to South Africa, New York, 21 Mar.qh 1978.
Ceremony at City Hall, Newark, New Jersey, on the occasion of the proclamation of Anti-Apartheid Day, 18 April 1978.
Press Conference at the United Nations Headquarters on 1 June 1978 on the occasion of the presentation to him of the report on Africa by the National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People.
Press Conference at the United Nations Headquarters on 3 October 1978 to announce the decision of the Special Committee to make awards to seven eminent persons.
4. Messages to conferences
201. The Chairman sent messages to the following conferences and ot.ler events:
Launching of international petition campaign against repression in South A~rica by the British Anti-Apartheid Movement, London, 11 October 1977.
Tribunal on South Africa organized by the Norwegian Council on Southern Africa in connexion with the Day of Solidarity with South African Political Prisoners, Oslo, 11 October ~977.
Week of Solidarity with thp liberation movements, Cotonou, January 1978 (A!AC.ll5/SR,364, para. 24).
Award of an honorary doctorate to Mr. Govan r-.fueki, a leader of ANC in prison, by the University of Amsterdam, 9 January 1978·
-38- Conference of Peace Movements of Latin American and Caribbean Countries, Mexico, 1-4 February 1978.
International Non-Governmental Organizations Conference on Disarmament, Geneva, February 1978.
Workers' Group of the International Labour Organisation and the Canadian Labour Congress in connexion with the trade union week of protest against apartheid, 13-21 March 1978.
Heeting organized by the International Youth and Student Vi::>'\Tement for the United Nations in connexion with the Day of Solidarity with Conscientious Objectors in Southern Africa, Geneva, 1 March 1978.
Conference on International Sport, Politics, Racism and Apartheid, Nashville, Tennessee, 10-12 March 1978.
Meeting of Government representatives to prepare a draft declaration on race and racial prejudice, UNESCO headquarters, Paris, 13-20 March 1978.
:lHearing on South Africall organized by the Danish Association for International Co-operation, Copenhagen, 17-18 Harch 1978.
Meeting at the European Office of the United Nations to launch the International Anti-Apartheid Year, Geneva, 21 Harch 1978.
Meeting at the UNESCO headquarters to launch the International .Anti-Apartheid Year, 21 March 1978.
Meeting of the Continuation Committee of the World Conference against Apartheid, Racism and Colonialism in Southern Africa, London, 22-23 March 1978.
Study Conference on Belgium and Scuth Africa, Brussels, 21-22 r1arch 1978.
World Conference for the Eradication of Racism and Racial Discrimination, Basel, 18-21 Hay 1978.
Observance of International Day of Solidarity with the Struggling People of South Africa by the British Anti-Apartheid Movement, London, and the Canadians Concerned about South Africa, Toronto, 16 June 1978.
Observances of Soweto Day by the National Anti-Apartheid Council of New Zealand, Wellington, 16 June 1978.
Special meetings on apartheid during the General Conference of the International Labour Organisation in Geneva, 16-17 June 1978.
World Festival of Youth and Students, Havana, 28 July to 5 August 1978.
Week of Solidarity with the struggle for liberation in Southern Africa, organized by the Hungarian Solidarity Committee, Budapest, 4-11 September 1978.
-39-
rT ----FnET International Solidarity Conference with the Struggle of the African and Arab People against Imperialism and Reaction, Addis Ababa, 15-17 September 1978. International Conference for the Liberation of Southern Africa and against Apartheid, held from 28 September to 2 October 1978 at New Delhi, India.
-40- S. Co-operation with other United Nations organs and with other organizations
1. United Nations organs
202. The Special Committee maintained close co-operation with other United Nations organs concerned with southern Africa, notably the Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, the United Nations Council for Namibia, and the Committee of Trustees of the Uniited Nations Trust Fund for South Africa. It invited their representatives to attend and address several special meetings of the Special Committee, and sent representatives to attend and address their special meetings.
203. At the invitation of the President of the United Nations Council for Namibia, the Chairman and the two Vice-Chairmen of the Special Committee represented the Special Committee at the first extraordinary plenary meetings of the Council, held from 20 to 23 March 1978, at Lusaka, Zambia.
204. The Special Committee also maintained close relations with the Security Council Committee established by resolution 421 (1977) concerning the question of South Africa.
205. The Committee continued to co-operate with the Ad Hoc Working Group of Experts on Southern Africa of the Commission on Human Rights. The Chairman and the Rapporteur attended the meeting of the Working Group at Geneva on 17 August 1978 for consultations. On that occasion, the Chairman suggested that the Working Group might consider studies on: detention of small children in South Africa; the effects of apartheid on children; violations of trade union rights by individual multinational corporations; legal implications of trade with South Africa in view of forced labour; and the responsibility of the accomplices of apartheid, especially of multinational corporations which reinforce the repressive apparatus of apartheid.
206. The Special Committee followed the actions of other United Nations organs and conferences on apartheid, notably the relevant resolutions of the Economic and Social Council, the Commission on Human Rights, the Commission on Tl'ansnational Corporations, the Commission on the Status of Women and the Conference of the Eastern and Southern African Ministers on the problem of Migrant Labour in Southern Africa, organized by the Economic Commission for Africa.
2. Specialized agencies and other organizations within the United Nations
207. The Special Committee maintained close co-operation with specialized agencies and other organizations within the United Nations system - especially the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Labour Organisation (ILO), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) - with a view to promoting co-ordination in action against apartheid and in observance of International Anti-Apartheid Year. A number of agencies adopted special programmes for International Anti-Apartheid Year.
-41- ,...
208. The Chairman o~ the Special Committee consulted with the Director-General o~ UNESCO, at its headquarters in Paris, on 21 February 1978 with regard to the observance o~ the International Anti-Apartheid Year and again on 21 August with regard to the organization o~ an international youth and student con~erence against aparthe4.5!. and other matters. ms 209. The General Con~erence o~ the International Labvur Organisation devoted two days - 16 and 17 June 1978 - to the consideration o~ action against apartheid. The Special Committee was represented at the meetings by ~tr. Abdelhamid Semichi (Algeria) •
210. The Special Committee approved grants to UNESCO and FAO ~or special projects ld in connexion with the observance o~ the International Anti-Apartheid Year, in accordance with paragraph 8 o~ General Assembly resolution 32/105 B. la, 3. Organization of African Unity
211. The OAU has been represented in the Special Committee as an observer and its representatives were specially invited to attend and address several special meetings of the Special Committee.
212. At the invitation of OAU~ the Chairman of the Special Committee attended the !rts session of the OAU Co··ordinating Committee for the Liberation of Africa in Tripoli, Libya, from 13 to 18 February 1978; the Thirtieth Ordinary Session of the OAU Council of Ministers in Tripoli, Libya, from 23 to 28 February 1978; and the Thirty-~irst Ordinary Session of the Council of Ministers in Khartoum, Sudan, from 7 to 15 July.
4. European Economic Community (EEC)
213. During his mission to Belgium in June 1978, the Chairman held consultations with the President of the European Commission, the Commissioner in charge of Co-operation, and other EEC o~ficials, as well as the President of Co-operation and Development of the European Parliament (see A/AC.115/SR.387).
5. South African liberat'ion movements .ca. 214. The Special Committee maintained close co-operation with the two South African liberation movements recognized by OAU - the African National Congress of South Africa (AIqc) and the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) - which are represented in the Special Committee as observers. They were invited to address several special meetings of the Committee. es 215. The Special Committee invited represent&tives of the two movements for consultations during the thirty-second session of the General Assembly. At ,the invitation of the Special Committee, the President of the ANC and the Administrative Secretary-General of the PAC participated in the special meeting on 21 March 1978 to launch the International Anti-Apartheid Year. The Special Committee also arranged for the participation of representatives of the two movements in the International NGO Conference for Action against Apartheid, held in Geneva from 28 to 31 August 1978.
-42- 31 of 6. Non-governmental organizations tth :tgainst
two i. ~hi
jects Chandra~ l 360th meeting on 11 November 1977: Mr. Romesh President of the World Peace Council and Chairman of the NGO Sub-Committee O~ Racism, Racial Discrimination, Apartheid and Decolonization. 362nd meeting on 12 December 1977: l~. Prexy Nesbitt, Associate Director, American Committee on Africa. l its 366th meeting on 30 January 1977: Mr. Romesh Chandra, President and members of the Bureau of the World Peace Council.
371st meeting on 14 March 1978: United States church leaders including the ~ the Reverend Eugene Stockwell, Associate General Secretary, National Council of the Churches of Christ, the Reverend Canon Robert C. S. Powell, Director If of Africa Office, National Council of Churches of Christ; and Father Rollins Lambert, United States Catholic Conference; ,dan, Sister Regina Murphy, Interfaith Center for Corporate Responsibility; ~~. Timothy Smith, Director, Interfaith Center for Corporate Responsibility; Mr. Edward May, Lutheran Council of America; Mr. Robert Smylie, United Presbyterian Church; and Sister Pat Wolfe, Order uf Mercy.
372nd meeting on 15 March 1978: Mr. John Gaetsewe, General Secretary of the ons South African Congress of Trade Unions; Mr. Roger Manser, Secretary-Genersl, International Youth and Student Movement for the United Nations; on Mr. Robert Molhant, Secretary-General, World Federation of Catholic Youth; and Mr. Craig 'tvilliamson, representative of the International University Exchange Fund.
378th meeting on 14 April: Delegation of the Soviet Afro-Asian Solidarity Committee led by its President, Mr. Mirza A. Ibragimov; Mr. Manuel E. Coss, frican representative of the International Union of Students. e 379th and 380th meetings on 9 May 1978: representatives of student groups ess from American universities active in campaigns against investment by the universities in corporations operating in South Africa (see para. 142).
382nd and 383rd meetings on 30 May 1978: representatives of a number of organizations concerned with South Africa's military build-up and nuclear plans (see paras. 49-50). 19 Gomez~ L 386th meeting on 6 June 1978: General Costa representative of the World Peace Council; Judge William Booth, Chairman~ and George Houser, ~1d Executive Director, American Committee on Africa; Mr. Nouri Abdulrazak Hussain, Acting Secretary-General, and members of the delegation of the Afro-Asian Peoples' Solidarity Organization.
-43- 392nd meetirig on 13 September 1978: Nfr. ICurt Seibt~ President and members of the delegation of the Solidarity Committee of the German Democratic Republic.
396th meeting on 13 October 1978: :r;1r. Dennis Akumu~ Secretary-General of the Organization of African Trade Union Unity, Mr. Dominique Agnessy~ ~ Deputy Secretary-General of the World Confederation of Labour and Mrs. Beatrice von Roemer~ representative of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions. fl .ows: 'I 1 I 218. Consultations were he'ld by the Chairman and delegations of the Special ',I Committee with a large number of non-governmental organizations at Headquarters J and during missions away from Headquarters. ~ ;ee 219. The Chairman held consultations at the Headquarters with Mr. J. Dennis Akumu~ !I Secretary-General of the Organization of African Unity~ on 15 December 1977 concerning implementation of resolutions adopted by the General Assembly at its thirty-second session.
220. During his visit to London on 11 and 12 February 1978~ the Chairman met with le representatives of West European anti-apartheid movements for discussion of plans for the observance of International Anti-Apartheid Year. lr 22i. During his mission to Prague, on 16-17 May 1978, Mr. Serge Elie Charles (Haiti), Vice-Chairman of the Special Committee, held discussions with leaders of ;y; the International Organization of Journalists (IOJ), the World Federation of Trade Unions and the Czechoslovak Committee of Solidarity with the Nations of Africa and Asia.
;he 222. The Chairman met with leaders of the National Association for the Advancement People~ York~ l.1~ of Colored New on 1 June 1978, when they presented him the report of the organization on southern Africa.
223. During its visit to Jamaica from 17 to 20 June 1978~ the delegation of the Special Committee, led by its Chairman, held consultations-with the National Anti-Apartheid Committee~ and the African Studies Association of the West Indies.
224. During his visit to Brussels from 21 to 23 June 1978~ the Chairman held I, consultatiop's with leaders of the Comite contre le colonialisme et 1 y apartheid, the International Association of Democratic Lawyers, the International Confederatidn of Free Trade Unions and the World Confederation of Labour. He also m~t representatives of the Belgian United Nations Association~ the Movement against Racism, the Belgian Peace Committee, OXFAM and several chuxch groups.
225. During his visit to Khartoum in July 1978, he met with leaders of the Sudanese National Council for Friendship, Solidarity and Peace.'
226. He met leaders of a number of non-governmental organizations in Geneva on 13-1Q' July 1978 and stressed the importance of their contribution to the forthcoming World Conference to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination. During nbers the World .' nference, held in Geneva from 14 to 25 August 1978, the Che;"'man Cl and the delegation of the Special. Committee met with the non-governmental organizations participating in the Conference. The Chairman addressed the Conference of these non-governmental organizations held on 24 August. 1 sY, 227. The Chairman and the delegation of the Special Committee held consultations on 28 August with the NGD Sub-Committee on Racism, Racial. Discrimination, Apartheid l:'ation and Decolonization and with the leaders of the Swiss Anti-Apartheid Movement and on 29 August with the leaders of the British Anti-Apartheid Movement.
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-45- •
II. CONCLUSIONS Al1D RECO~®~NDATIONS
~io~ \partheid 228. At this mid-point in the Decade for Action to Combat Racism and Racial lt SUld Discrimination, and during this International Anti-Apartheid Year, the United Nations and the international community are confronted with an imperative need to treat the situation in South Africa as one of the greatest and most urgent challenges before humanity and to take decisive action for the speedy eradication of apartheid and the liberation of South Africa from r~cist tyranny.
229. The present situation in southern Africa is characterized by the following major developments:
(a) The march of liberation in Africa has created a new situation in which the elimination of aparthei~ in South Africa, and the liberation of Namibia and Zimbabwe, assume historic significance marking the completion of the emancipation of Africa after centuries of slavery and humiliation. It would also be a decisive step for the elimibation of racism and racial discrimination on this globe;
(b) The national liberation movement of South Africa - after a long and heroic non-violent struggle - was obliged by the ruthlessness and inhumanity of the racist regime to give up its strict adherence to non-violence and prepare for an armed struggle. The past year has seen significant increa.se in the armed resistance within the country;
(c) The ~partheid regime, confronted with the advance of the liberation struggle and its growing isolation, has resorted to brutal repression and indiscriminate killing of people, including women and children. It has rushed with bantustanization and has stepped up acts of aggression against independent African States in the vain hope of consolidating and perpetuating racist domination and its illegal occupation of Nam.ibia. Its frantic efforts to acquire nuclear weapon capability pose an enormous danger to intern~tional peace and security.
230. There is, therefore, a grave and imminent threat not only of an escalation of conflict in South Africa between the racist regime and the great majority of the-population, but elso of a wider conflict in the entire region? threatening the independence and security of African States, with the gravest international repercussions. There can be no security and stability in southern Africa so long as apartheid is not totally eradicated and all the South African people, irrespective of race, colour or creed, are en~bled to determine the destiny of their country.
231. The situation, therefore, poses an urgent and inescapable challenge to the United Nations and the international community. It requires decisive international action to isolate the apartheid reriFe and support the ri~hteous str~gle of the oppressed people for-freedom and human dignity, so as to bring about a speedy eradication of apartheid.
-46- 232. The Special Committee recalls that the responsibilities of the international community have already been laid down in the Programme of Action against Apartheid, adopted by the General Assembly in its resolution 31/6 J of 9 November 1976, the Lagos Declaration for Action against Apartheid (A/CONF.9l/9) and the programme for International Anti-Apartheid Year, adopted by the General Assembly in its resolution 32/105 B of 14 December 1977.
233. They have been supplemented, with respect to public action, in the resolutions of the second International Conference of Trade Unions against Apartheid (Geneva, June 1977) 14/ and the International NGO Conference for Action against Apartheid (Geneva~ August 1978) (A/AC.115/L.50l) , both organized with the co-operation of the Special Committee.
234. The Special Committee recommends to the General Assembly that these important documents should be ecain commended for action by all Governments and organizations. The Committee wishes to draw attention to some matters which require special and urgent attention at this time.
A. International mobilization against apartheid
235. The Special Committee recalls that the United Nations, which was born out of the struggle against Nazi racism, was obliged soon after its inception to begin consideration of racist oppression and domination in South Africa.
236. Its patient efforts to assist in the promotion of a solution based on the enjoyment ef human rights and fundamental freedoms by all the people of South Africa, irrespective of race, colour or creed, have been consistently r0jected by the racist regime which is bent on consolidating and perpetuating the inhuman system of apartheid by terror. Utilizing the rich natural resources of the country to build up its repressive apparatus, and enjoying the collaboration of certain Western and other" Governments and transnational corporations, the apartheid regime has become a growing menace to the oppressed people of southern-Africa, to the independent States of Africa and. indeed, to international peace and security.
237. The discussions in the United Nations, in other international organizations, and the growing awareness of the righteous struggle of the South African people have led to an international consensus against apartheid and the growing support for the national liberation movement.
238. The unanimous decision of the General Assembly in proclaiming the year beginning on ?l March 1978 as International Anti-Apartheid Year reflected the universal abhorrence of apartheid and the international commitment to secure its eradication. The programme for the Year was designed to give impetus to further action with the wider pnrticipatioll of Governments, organizations and world public opinion in solidarity wlth the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement.
14/ Official Records of the General Assembly, Thirty-second session, Supplement No. 22A (A/32/22/Add.l). Also issued as a document of the Security Council under the symbol S/12363/Add.l. L 239. The Special Committee considers that, in view of the grave situation in southern Africa, the United Nations and the international community must move to a new level of action, with a vilw to providing all necessary assistance to the national liberation movemer,t and to isolating and weakening the racist regime, thus facilitating the liberation of the South African people by the destruction of apartheid.
240. The United Nations must recognize that the situation in South Africa constitutes a threat to international peace and security in tl~rms of Chapter VII of the Charter.
241. It must reaffirm th~ full commitment of the United Nations and the inter national community to the total eradication of apartheid and the special responsibility assumed by them for the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement.
242. It must demonstrate its determination to exercise all the powers entrusted to it under its Charter for the elimination of the threat to international peace and security caused by the apartheid regime. It must promote concerted action by all the intergovernmental and non-governmental agencies concerned, and encourage fullest contribution by world public opinion in meeting this gravest challenge before humanity.
243. To this end, the Special Committee recommends the launching, during tllis International Anti-Apartheid Year, of an international mobilization against apartheid to end all collaboration with apartheid and in full support to the struggle for liberation in South Africa.
244. The mobilization should include all the agencies and institutions within the United Nations sJstem, and the Organization of African Unity, as well es all Governments, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations and institutions committed to the liberation of South Africa. It must seek:
~l (a) To rally public opinion in all countries in support of the anti-apartheid c~~aign and the liberation of South Africa"
(b) To publicize and denounce all Governments and corporations which continue to collaborate with the apartheid regime;
(c) To encourage full support and increased assistance to the national liberation movement of South Africa;
(d) To secure an end to all collaboration with the apartheid regime;
(e) To take all appropriate steps to persuade recalcitrant Governments in .C order to facilitate ,.. .. Y'.Qo,tory decisions by ·the Security Council under Chapter VII of the Charter.
245. The Special Committee recommends that the General Assembly should authorize the Special Committee, with the assistance of th~ Centre against Apartheiq, to promote the mobilization and facilitate co-ordination of action. It suggests a special appeal to trade unions, churches, student and youth organizations, 13.l1ti··apartheid moveJlJ.ents, peace and solidarity .co1"1mittees, ;::l.nd all other non·~r.;·overnmental orp:anizations concerned to pa.rticipate in the mobilization by appropriate actions:
-48:- (a) To urge Governments concerned to impose total sanctions against the 'e apartheid regime and lend full support to the national liberation movement; to (b) To develop and expand their present campaigns against collaborators with the apartheid regime and for support to the liberation struggle.
B. Cessation of all collaboration with the apartheid regime , VII 246. ~he Special Committee has repeatedly stressed that any collaboration with the racist regime constitutes a hostile act against the oppressed people of South Africa and a contemptuous defiance of the United Nations and the international community. Any such collaboration strengthens the apartheid regime, encourages it to persist in its criminal racist repressive and agressive policies and seriously aggravates the situE',tion in South Africa and thereby constitutes a threat to international peace and security. lted leace 247. The Special Committee is seriously concerned that the major Western lon and other trading partners of the racist regime continue to collaborate with that regime. This collaboration constitutes the main obstacle to the liquidation ~st of the ~acist regime and ending of its inhuman and criminal apartheid system in South Africa.
LS 248. It recalls that, despite the universal condemnation of apartheid and the resolutions of the General Assembly calling on them to desist from such collaboration with the apartheid regime, some Western and other Governments and numerous transnational corporations have continued their collaboration.
Ln the 249. The Special Committee, therefore, considers that utmost priority must be L accorded to international action towards the full implementation of United Nations Gutions resolutions for the cecsation of all military, nuclear, economic, political and other collaboration with 'South Africa.
partheid 250. vlliile recognizing' the great importance of Security Council resolution 418 (1977) which imposed a mandatory arms embargo against South Africa, the Special Committee is concerned that it has not led to a total cessation of assistance to the apartheid regime in its military build-up.
251. Several Western and other Governments have taken no action to revoke the 1 licences granted to South Africa for the manufacture of arms and military equipment. They have failed to prevent corporations from continued involvement in the manufacture in South Africa of arms and related equipment for the use of the military and police forces, and in the transfer of technology and capital for that purpose. s in 252. Aircraft, computers and other equipment continue to be supplied to South Africa on the plea that they constitute civilian or "dual purposell equipment •
.orize 253. A number of countries continue to maintain military attaches in South Africa to and to receive military attaches from the apartheid regime. ts a 254. The Special Committee, therefore, considers it essential that the Security Council should declare that any military or nuclear collaboration with South , by Africa constitutes a threat to international peace and security. It considers it
-49- imperative that the Security Council should urgently adopt mandatory measures, under Chapter VII of the Charter, to end all military and nuclear collaboration with the apartheid regime and all supplies of materials or technology - by States, vrith international organizations and corporations - to or from South Africa which may be used for military purposes or for the development of nuclear weapon capability.
255. In view of the use of so-called civilian aircraft by the apartheid regime for military and police operations, the Special Committee further recommends a complete prohibition of the supply of aircraft, aircraft engines and parts to South Africa.
256. It considers it ess~ntial that all States concerned should take effective ;es legislative and other measures to prevent the recruitment, training and transit of mercenaries for assistance to the apartheid regime, and to punish such mercenaries. It commends the young people who refuse to serve in the armed forces of the apartheid regime and recommends that the General Assembly request Member States to grant asylum and transit facilities to those who desert the armed forces of the apartheid regime. tion 257. The Special Committee notes that the provision of Security Council resolution 418 (1977) that "all states shall refrain from any co-operation with South Africa in the manufacture and development of nuclear weapons il has had little effect in ending all nuclear collaboration with the 30uth African regime. Thos( who supply nuclear materials to South Africa continue to pretend that they are for peaceful purposes and that are subject to safeguards. Yet they know that most of South Africa's nuclear facilities involving significant quantity of fissionable materials are not subject to safeguards. They are also aware that South Africa has diverted nuclear technology and materials it acquired from abroad into a nuclear weapon programme and made preparations for the testing of nuclear weapons. tions [ld 258. If Security Council resolution 418 (1977) is to achieve its aim, .then all collaboration with South Africa in the nucle~r field will have to be ended forthwith. The course of. increased collaboration with South Africa, which some Western Governments are pursuing, only encourages South Africa not to submit to the Non-Proliferation Treaty nor to respect the declaration by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the Organization of African Unity proclaiming Africa a nuclear-weapon-free zone.
259. The Special Committee has constantly emphasized that an effective embargo against all supplies and assistance to the military and police forces of the It apartheid regime was only a first step which must be followed by a programme of )f total economic, diplomatic, political and other sanctions. for 260. It recommends that the General Assembly should call on all Governments concerned:
(a) To sever all links with the apartheid regime;
'ica (b) To take measures to prevent transnational corporations 9 banks and all other vested interests from collaboration with the apartheid regime;
,y (c) To take all necessary action to terminate credits by the International Monetary Fund and other bodies to South Africa; . , it (d) To prohibit the sale of hruE,errands. -50-- 261. In this connexion; ures, the Special Committee attaches particular importance to urgent mandatory action ration by the Security Council under Chapter VII of the Charter ,y States, to bring about total cessation of: ,ich may (a) ,pability. Supplies of petroleum, petroleum products or other strategic to Sduth Africa; materials er.;ime for a (b) Loans to and investments in South Africa; s to (c) Guarantees or other inducements for investments in South Africa;
ctive (d) Tariff an6 other preferences for imports from South Africa~ ransit (e) All trade with South Africa. ed forces 262. The Special Committee Member considers it important that there should be an urgent ed forces evaluation of the implementation of United Nations resolutions Governments on apartheid by and by the intergovernmental organizations concerned, taking account the into progress made during the International Anti-Apartheid Year. evaluation would Such an esolution be essential for consideration of further measures at the thirty-fourth session h Africa of the General Assembly in connexion with promoting inter~ ect in national mobilization against collaboration with apartheid. o supply eaceful C. Assistance South to the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movement Africa 263. The Special o a Committee has constantly emphasized the duty of the international ~7eapons community to provide assistance . to the oppressed people of South Africa and to all those struBBling against apartheid. naIl 264. The d. United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa was set up in recommendation 1965 on the h some for humanitarian assistance to those persecuted under and repressive discriminatory nit to legislation and to refugees from South Africa. It assistance has promoted lyof for the education and training abroad for South Africans, United Nations through the iming Educational and Training Programme for Southern Africa. actively It has supported programmes for humanitarian and educational assistance voluntary bodies through such as the International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern bargo Africa and the International University Exchange Fund. the 265. The Special nme of Committee has encouraged contributions to the OAU Liberation and the OAU Special Fund Fund for Assistance to the Victims of Colonialism and Apartheid, and has promoted public collections of contributions for the oppressed GS people of South Africa and their national liberation movement. 266. On its recommendation, the General Assembly has repeatedly appealed for assistance to the direct South African liberation movements recognized by the Organization of African Unity. :ld all 267. The Special Committee notes with satisfaction the substantial assistance increase in to the oppressed people of South Africa, particularly humanitarian assistance to the :l.tional families of political prisoners and to refugees, and educational assistance to young refugees. It also notes prOBress in direct assistance by Governments and organizations to the South African liberation movements recognized by the Organization of African Unity. -51-
;r~. <' n Ell..
nee to 268. The Committee~ however, feels that international assistance ~ust be greatly Charter increased at the present time in view of the growing number of refugees from South Africa as a result of increasing repression.
terials 269. It attaches particular importance to the provision of all necessary assistance directly.to the liberation movements in order to enable them to prosecute their legitimate struggle at the present crucial stage.
270. The Special Committee also considers that there is need for greater co-ordination and consultation among agencies concerned in the provision of assistance.
271. The Special Committee, therefore, recommends that the General Assembly should:
(a) Appeal to all States to provide increased humanitarian and educational urgent assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa, as well as all assistance .d by required by the South African national liberation movement in its legitimate .nto struggle for the exercise of the right of self-determination by the people of :uch an South Africa as a Whole, irrespective of race, colour or creed;
inter- (b) Appeal also to the United Nations Development Programme and all specialized agencies to provide increased assistance to them, and to report annually to the Secretary-General;
(c) Request the Economic and Social Council to review annually, in consultation with the Special Committee, the assistance provided by agencies and institutions within the United Nations system; national d to all (d) Request all agencies and institutions within the United Nations system to consult with the Special Committee on their programmes of assistance so that there may be maximum co-ordination; the iminatory (e) Authorize the Special Committee to take all appropriate steps to promote )ted greater assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and their liberation 5h the movements and greater co-ordination in programmes of assistance by agencies within has the United Nations system. Ghrough ~n D. Assistance to front-line States
Lon Fund 272. The Special Committee considers that an indispensable complement to the assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa is assistance to African States lressed 'Which have been subjected to threats and acts of aggression and obliged to make serious sacrifices, because of their support to the legitimate struggle of the South African people. lr direct mization 273. The Special Committee regards it important that the international community should recognize the great contribution of the front-line States to the purposes of the United Nations. It recommends that the General Assembly should appeal to ! in all States to provide the front-line States with: an ational by ognized
-52- T .... T • .i mn be greatly , (a) All necessary assistance, at their request, for the defence of their s from independence and territorial int~grity against acts of aggression and subversion by the apartheid regime; I:r .ry assistance (b) Assistance to compensate them for economic sacrifices resulting from ute their their support to the South African national liberation movement and the granting of asylum to South African refugees. er 274. It recommends that the United Nations Development Programme and other on of agencies should give utmost priority to such assistance to front-line States.
:embly should: E, Political prisoners
~ducational 275. The Special Committee recalls that, under General Assembly resolution dstance 3411 C (XXX) of 28 November 1975, the United Nations solemnly assumed a special .timate responsibility towards those imprisoned, restricted or exiled for their struggle !ople of against apartheid. Publicity for the cause of all those men, women and children, the need to give them appropriate assistance and the efforts of the international community for the unconditional release of all political prisoners must always be all accorded utmost priority in international action against apartheid. The numerous 'eport trials during the past year, and the likelihood of executions of members of freedom-fighters add great urgency to the matter.
in 276. The Special Committee recommends that the General Assembly should: ~encies and (a) Warr. the apartheid regime of the grave consequences of execution of freedom-fighters: ~ons system :e so that (b) Declare that freedom-fighters captured during the struggle for liberation must be entitled to prisoner-of-war status in accordance with the relevant Geneva Conventions; ?s to promote Liberation (c) Urge the Secretary-General and Member States to take appropriate :nci es within measures to save the lives of Solomon Mahlangu and other captured freedom fighters;
(d) Demand that the South African reg~me terminate the trial of ,jBethal 18", 1 ilSoweto 11 '/ and all other trials under repressive laws, and- release the accused in those trials~ to the f'rican States (e) Request all Governments and agencies within the United Nations system ed to make to publicize, as widely as possible, the lives of political prisoners; le of the (f) Urge all Governments, judicial associations and other organizations to contribute generously to legal assistance to all those persecuted under repressive l community and discriminatory legislation in South Africa~ he purposes a. appeal to (g) Call for intensification of the world campaign for the release of South African political prisoners.
-53- of their F. Dissemination of information on apartheid subversion 277. The Special Committee has constantly emphasized that dissemination of information on the inhumanity of apartheid, on the struegle of the oppressed ing from people of South Africa and on international efforts for the eradication of = granting apartheid is an essential and integral element in the programme of action against apartheid.
bher 278. It takes note with satisfaction of the progress made by the Centre Against 3tates. Apartheid and the Office of Public Information of the Secretariat, in co-operation with many intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, in expanding information activity. 'It notes, in particular, the expansion of audio-visual information and the initiation of United Nations radio programmes to southern Africa. ~ion 279. The Committee~ however, considers that the information activity must be t special ~ struggle stepped up with particular emphasis on reaching the public at large in all regions i children~ of the world as well as organizations and individuals active in movements against ;ernational racism and apartheid. Production of suitable material in different languages for ; always be this purpose is essential for the mobilization of world public opinion against the le numerous crime of apartheid. To this end~ it recommends that the General Assembly should: 's of (a) Call for the implementation of the programme for the International Anti-Apartheid Year until apartheid is eradicated in South Africa~
(b) Appeal for generous contributions by all States and organizations to the ;ion of Trust Fund for Publicity against Apartheid; (c) Appeal to all Governments and organizations to co-operate with the United Nations in the dissemination of information on apartheid;
(d) Request the Secretary-General to instruct the Ofrice of Public Infortnation to give utmost priority to dissemination of information on apartheid, ate and ensure that all United Nations information centres maintain closest liaison .om- ifith organizations engaged in action against apartheid• 280. The Special Committee endorses the proposals submitted by its Sub-Committee Bethal 18" ~ on Petitions and Information on 2 October 1978 on the programme of work of the accused in Centre against Apartheid in 1979. It recommends that financial provision should b~ made for: (a) the acquisition and distribution of a film on international action against apartheid, and translation into various languages of selected s system films on apartheid produced by other organizations; (b) bringing out special . publications on apartheid in different languages; and (c) visits by members of the Committee accompanied by officials of the Centre against Apartheid to different ations to regions to promote international mobilization against apartheid. repressive 281. The Special Committee recommends that activities listed under item (a) in the above paragraph should be financed from the allocation made for special projects e of South in connexion with the International Anti-Apartheid Year. 282. It further recommends that all Uliited Nations offices and agencies should be requested to co-operate with the Centre against Apartheid for the regional production and distribution of United Nations .material on apartheid.
-54- . aM> .l it i 4..".1£
'T G. Co-ordination of action against apartheid 1 ation of 283. The Special Committee considers that the effectiveness of international action I1 oppressed against apartheid requires the closest liaison and co-ordination among the United ation of I Nations organs concerned, the specialized agencies and other institutions within action against the United Nations, the Organization of African Unity, and the South African liberation movements recognized by OAU, as well as all public organizations active in opposition to apartheid. It recognizes that its own effectiveness" since entre Against its inception, has been largely due to its const~nt liaison with all organizations in co-operation opposed to apartheid. It considers that liaison and co-ordination should be expanding developed into a new level with a view to the promotion of greater and more udio-visual comprehensive action. to southern 284. The Special Committee recalls that, in resolution 2671 A (XXV) of 8 December 1970, the General Assembly had requested it to cover all aspects of the ty must be policies of apartheid in South Africa and its international repercussions, and e in all regions drew the attention of all United Nations organs concerned to that decision so that vements against any duplication of efforts may be avoided. t languages for nion against the 285. The Special Committee draws attention to the Programme of Action against ssembly should: Apartheid contained in resolution 31/6 J of 9 November 1976, which read in part: ernational "28. The General Assembly requests the Special Committee against Apartheid, with the assistance of the Centre against Apartheid, to take all appropriate measures to encourage concerted action against apartheid by nizations to the Governments and intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations. It invites the Special Committee, in particular, to promote co-o~dinated international campaigns: e with the (a) For assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and their liberation movements; Public 11 n on apartheid, (b) For an effective arms embargo against South Africa; osest liaison \11~ !] I1 (c) Against all forms of nuclear co-operation with South Africa; II1 Sub-Committee I' (d) Against all collaboration by Governments, banks and il work of the \1 transnational corporations with South Africa; ovision should [1 ternational (e) Against propaganda by the racist regime of South Africa and f selected its collaborators; ut special 'I y members of the (f) For the lmconditional release of South African political to different prisoners;
(g) For the boycott of racially selected South African sports item (a) in the teams. ecial projects "29. The General Assembly invites all specialized agencies, the Organization of African Unity and other intergovernmental organizations as ncies should be well as trade unions, churches and other non-governmental organizations to regional co-operate with the Special Committee in the implementation of this Programme d. of Action. I!
-55- £ L L 1 ua - . gg
286. The Special Committee has appreciated that apartheid, in all its manifestations and consequences, has been of concern to many United Nations organs and has welcomed their decisions relating to their respective areas of competence. At the same time, the Special Committee considers it is most important that there should be utmost co-ordination in efforts by United Nations organs and that duplication should be avoided.
287. Towards this end, the Special Committee recommends to the General Assembly:
(a) That the attention of a.ll organs concerned be drawn to the fact that the Special Committee has been entrusted with the responsibility of dealing with all aspects of apartheid, and that they be requested to keep the Special Committee informed of their Qctivities against a~artheid.
(b) That the Secretary-General be requested to take appropriate steps to avoid duplication as regards conferences, seminars and studies on apartheid;
(c) That the Secretary-General be further requested to study means for maximum co-ordination in the Secretariat on activities against apartheid, and, if necessary, submit any proposals to the General Assembly at its thirty-fourth session.
288. The Special Committee notes with satisfaction the significant development of activities against a~artheid by several specialized agencies in co-operation with the Special Committee. It considers that the specialized agencies and other
institutions within the United Nations system can play an even more important role , : in international efforts against a~artheid and that greater co-ordination of their efforts is essential.
289. Towards this end, the Special Committee recommends that the specialized agencies and other institutions within the United Nations system should be requested to keep the Special Committee regularly informed, through the Secretary General, on action taken'by them towards the eradication of a~artheid, with ,. particular reference to:
(a) Relevant decisions of their governing bodi,es;
(b) Discontinuance of any assistance to or co-operation with the racist
(c) Assistance to the oppressed people ,of South Africa and their liberation movements;
(d) Participation of representatives of South J.I.frican liberation movements at their conferences, seminars, etc;
(e) Dissemination of information on apartheid.
290. It further recommends the convening by the Secretary-General of an interagency meeting on action against a~artheid in 1979, with the participation of the representatives of the Special Committee and the Orf,anization of African Unity, to consider all n.spects of action against al'Jartheio.~ particular::'y in connexion with evaluation of activities relatinr~ to the International Anti-Aparthe~Year.
-56-
" ----¥!ICll!itWW ~tiiJji"!liifttlt:""S'\';"ji··'~~~:·'~K~_·o~~!t :;.~a~~~~:"EIL~:::":'~;~:.~.o.~~""'. ~"!"""""'I'!!l'MlIl!Il!II!' '-,- "" *_*_$_,44"'..!!!!'.. I!i!!!!!!.¥!I_.iI!lll.lIlI!iIii:\V""'__ __ .. TI i·: .ons 291. The Special Commit'tee emphasizes the crucial importance for the international mobilization against apartheid, of co-ordinated action by trade unions, churches, le students and youth, anti-apartheid movements, solidarity and peace committees and l all other non-governmental organizations in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the United Nations. It suggests that the Special Committee be authorized to promote close co-operation by the United Nations and its agencies with all public organizations which subscribe to the programme of action against apartheid by all appropriate means, including the convening of periodic consultations.
292. The Special Committee considers it essential that the Centre against Apartheid, under its guidance, should facilitate liaison and co-ordination in the international mobilization against apartheid. It recommends in particular that the Centre be requested:
(a) To act as a clearing-house of information on all activities against apartheid by Governments and intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, and to publish a newsletter on these activities;
(b) To assist non-gove~nmental organizations in developing closer liaison in their activities against apartheid;
(c) To help disseminate the declarations and publications of South African 1 liberation movements recognized by the Organization of African Unity; le (d) To co-operate with the United Nations agencies with a view to widening and ir intensifying consultations with them and with non-governmental org~nizations active against aEartheid.
293. The Committee commends the existing co-operation between the Centre and other units of the Secretariat and suggests that this co-operation be further enhanced. r- H. Expanding the Special Committee and strengthening the Centre .~Bainst Apartheid
294. The Special Committee considers that the increasing importance and urgency of effective international action against apartheid may require expansion of the membership of the Special Committee against Apartheid on the. basis of equitable geographical representation.
295. The Special Committee considers it essential that the Centre against Apartheid be adequately strengthened, so that it can effectively perform its task of servicing the Special Committee and executing its decisions. The Centre must play an active role, under the guidance of the Special Committee, in promoting the implementation of United Nations resolutions; in promoting international mobilization against apartheid as well as assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa; in publicizing international action against apartheid; in countering South African ncy propaganda; and in facilitating co-ordination of action against apartheid. It will need to maintain, for this purpose, closest contact with specialized agencies and GO non-governmental and other organizations. 296. In view of the important tasks of the Centre and the need fJr effectively discharging its responsibility, the Special Committee also feels that the
-57- General Assembly should consider the reclassification of the post of the head of the Centre to the level of Assistant Secretary-General.
297. It recommends further that a Liaison Office of the Centre against A~artheid should be established at Geneva, particu]arly for liaison with the specialized agencies and non-governmental organizations.
298. The Special Committee recommends that the Secretary-General sholud be authorized to strengthen the Centre a~ainst A~artheid, in consultation with the Special Committee, for the effective performance of its responsibilities.
I. Programme of work of the S~ecial Committee
299. The Special Cowmittee recalls that, in resolution 32/105 I of 14 December 1978, C~ the programme of work of the Special Committee against A~artheid, the General Assembly authorized it, inter alia:
(a) To send missions to Member States and to the headquarters of the specialized agencies and other intergovernmental organizations, as required, to promote international action against a~artheid and the observance of the International Anti-Apartheid Year;
(b) To intensify co-operation with the movement of non-aligned countries, the ld Organization of African Unity and other appropriate organizations; (c) To participate in conferences concerned with action against apartheid;
(d) To invite representatives of the South African liberation movements recognized by the Orp,anizQtion of African TJnitv and those of other or~anizations active in opposition to apartheid, QS \fell as experts, for consult8~ions on various aspects of apartheid and on international action against apartheid: (e) To associate representatives of the South African liberation movements recognized by the Organization of African Unity with its missions;
(r) 'To promote assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and their liberation movements;
. (g) To send representatives to attend meetings of the Governing Board of the United Nat~ons Development Programme, the Executive Committee of the Programme of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and other bodies concerned with apartheid and assistance ~o South Africans.
300. Considering the need for continuing and expanding the activities of the Special Committee in the light of the recommendations in this report, the Special Committee recommends that these authorizations should be renewed and that adequate financial provision should be made therefor.
301. It suggests provision, in particular, for:
(a) The organization of a seminar on nu,clear collaboration with and all aspects of nuclear development in South Africa;' J -58- (b) The promotion of consultation between religious bodies and persons active in opposition to apartheid;
,d (c) The organization of an interagency consultation on action against apartheid;
(d) Missions to Governments.
302. It recommends that the unused balance of the special allocation made from the budget of the United Nations - under General Assembly resolution 32/105 B- for special projects in observance of the International Anti-Apartheid Year and follow-up action should be made available for utilization until the end of' 1979. The Committee attaches particular importance, among these projects, to organizing an international youth and student conference on apartheid. 1978, Ll J. Other recommendations
1. International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid
303. The Special Committee notes with satisfaction the further accessions during the past year to the International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment
I the of the Crime of Apartheid. 304. It recommends that the General Assembly should make a further appeal to States which have not yet done so to accede to the Convention. i'-~ 2. Sports, cultural and other co-operation with the apartheid regime 18 ~ious 305. The Special Committee notes that the boycott of apartheid sports teams has made further progress this year and that the manoeuvres of the apartheid regime to deceive world public opinion through readjustments in sports pOlicy within the ~8 framework of apartheid have failed. The boycott, however, is not yet complete.
306. The Committee, therefore, recommends a renewed appeal to all States, sports ~ir bodies and sportsmen which have not done so to implement the International Declaration on Apartheid in Sport.
the 307. The Committee stresses the importance of further action for a complete of cessation of all sports exchanges with South Africa and, in that connexion, looks Lth forward to the early completion and speedy adoption of an international convention against apartheid in sports. 308. It recommends a greater effort for the cessation of co-operation in the Lal cultural, educational and other fields with the apartheid regime, and recommends late a renewed appeal to Governments and educational and cultural organizations and institutions concerned.
3. Charter of Rights for Migrant Workers
309. The Special Committee recommends that the General Assembly endorse the Charter of Rights for Migrant Workers in Southern Africa, adopted by the Lusaka Conference on Migratory Labour in Southe:r.n Africa, held at Lusaka from 4 to 8 August 1978. -59- jive 4. International Year of the Ch\fd
310. The Special Committee recommends that the General Assembly should urge all Governments and organizations to give special attention during the International Year of the Child (1979) to the plight of children oppressed by the inhman policy of apartheid. ;he 5. Tributes to leaders of oppressed peoples
311. In the discharge of its mandate, the Special Co~ittee has always emphasized the objective of a society based on human equality, irrespective of race, colour or creed. It has, in the past year, paid tribute to several leaders of the oppressed peoples in the struggle against colonialism and racism who had held up the vision of a world order based on freedom and human equality, and thereby made a great contribution to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
312. The Special Committee considers that they should be duly honoured by the United Nations and that their lives and contributions should be made widely known for the education of world public opinion and especially of youth.
313. It, therefore, recommends that the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization should be requested, in consultation with the Special Committee and all other appropriate bodies, to take steps to honour the memory of the leaders in the struggle against colonial and racist oppression, and for peace, human rights and international co-operation, and to publicize their lives and contributions through the issuance of stamps and publications and by other means.
,e
:s on
-60- :Ill ANNEX :>nal :>licy List of documents of the Special Committ&e aRainst Apartheid
1978 sized A/AC.115/L.478 Letter dated 11 November 1977 from the Secretary-General to the lour Chairman of the Special Co~mittee against Apartheid a up A/AC.115/L.479 Excerpts from the report of the Director-General of the United made Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization adopted by the UNESCO executive board at its one hundred and third session, 12 September to 7 October 1977 e known A/AC.115/L.480 Letter dated 10 November 1977 addressed to the United Nations from the National Chairperson, Halt All Racist Tours (HART) and statement by the Foreign Minister of New Zealand, ons The Right Honourable Mr. B. E. Talboys ultural and A/AC.115/L.481 Implications of a boycott of airlines flying to and from ers South Africa with special reference to action by African States rights ns A/AC.115/L.482 Letter dated 24 November 1977 from the Permanent· Representative of New Zealand to the Chairman of the Special Committee against Apartheid
A/AC.115/L.483 Letter dated 14 November 1977 from the Chairman of the Special Committee against Apartheid to the Permanent Representative of the Federal Republic of Germany to the United Nations and reply thereto
A/AC.115/L.484 Letter dated 29 November 1977 from the Permanent Representative of Colombia to the Chairman of the Special Committee against Apartheid
A/AC.115/L.485 Statement by Mr. Abdul S. Minty, Honorary Secretary, United Kingdom Anti-Apartheid Movement, at the 362nd meeting of the Special Committee ar,ainst Apartheid
A/AC. 115/L. 486 Telegram addressed to the Secreta~J-General from the President of the Republic of Gambia
A/AC.115/L.487 Letter dated 1 February 1978 from Dr. C~arles Ho Wright of Detroit, Michi~an, in reference to the death of Steve Biko
A/AC.115/L.488 Review of recent developments in South Africais military build··up and collaboration in the military and nuclear field
A/AC .115/L.1.~89 International Day for the EILmination of Racial Discrimination
-hl- A/AC.115/L,490 Review of developments in economic collaboration with South Africa since September 1977
A/AC.115/L.49l Relations between the Federal Republic ef Germany and South Africa
A/AC.115/L.492 Military build-up~ nuclearization and nuclear policies of the apartheid regime of South Africa
A/AC.115/L.493 Collaboration by Member States of the United Nations in developing South Africa's nuclear weapons capability I the A/AC.115/L.494 Recent developments in sport in South Africa
ted A/AC.115/L.495 Letter dated 21 July 1978 from the Permanent Representative of Canada to the Chairman of the Special Committee against Apartheid .d A/AC.115/L.496 Telep.;ra~·'l from the President of the 'finisterial Conference of Non-Aligned Countries to the Secretary-General illS A/AC.115/L.497 Resolutions adopted by the National Assemblies in Tunisia and Bulgaria on the occasion of the International Anti-Apartheid Year
A/AC.115/L.498 Note on the observance of the sixtieth birthday 0f ates ~tr. Nelson Mandela and messages received on that occasion
,tive A/ACol15/L o499 Message from His Excellency, Mr. Dawda Jawara, President of the ,inst Republic of the Gambia, addressed to the Secretary-General on the occasion of the Observance of World Steve Biko Day
ial A/AC.115/L.500 Replies received from Governments on their activities and of' Add. 1-5 programmes in observance of the International Anti-Apartheid eply Year A/.AC.115/L.501 Final Resolution of International Non-Governmental Organizations tive Conference for Action against Apartheid t A/AC.115/L.502 Letter dated 8 August 1978 from the Permanent Representative of Australia to the United Nations addressed to the Chairman of the Special Committee against Apartheid g of' A/AC.115/L.503 Letter dated 9 April 1978 from the Chairman of the Special Committee against Apartheid to the Secretary-General a~d reply ent thereto regarding the recognition of the Transkei postage stamps by the Universal Postal Union
A/AC.115/L.504 Extracts relating to South Africa taken from a resolution on colonialism adopted by the 65th Inter-Parliamentary Conference held in Bonn from 3 to 14 September 1978 ild.-up A/AC.115/L.505 Report on radio broadcasts directed at South Africa A/AC.115/L.506 Letter dated 26 September 1978 from the Permanent Representative ion of Italy to the Chairman of' the Special Cow~ittee aGainst Apartheid.
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