Bilateral COMENIUS project Charlemagne college (The Netherlands) Ikastola Azkoitia- BHI (The Basque Country) Clothes, sports, leisure, music, games, social events, beliefs, religion...

WHERE DID PEOPLE LIVE A 100 YEARS AGO? IN FARMS OR IN TOWNS? •People lived in farms and lived on agriculture in the Nothern Basque Country.

•In other parts of the Basque Country the people lived on agriculture as well and lived in villages.

WHO LIVED IN TOWNS?

•At the end of 19th century, the economy boosted. •People from moved to the Baque Country. •The population raised in the towns. •In bigger cities the population hugely grew. •Flat houses were built for the immigrates, and those people integrated.

•In bigger cities the immigrants didn´t integrate so easily. •Some companies rented their houses to their workers and provided them with necessities.

•The houses where the immigrants lived were often slums. •Another immigration wave happened, and the people from Spain formed their own suburbs. •In some areas the immigrants became a majority. •Basque was banned by the Spanish government and the language came to a critical point of extinction. •Nowadays most Basque people live in flats, and the Basque and Spanish people live in the same areas.

•In smaller towns the Basque culture is clearly showing in everyday activities, but Spanish and French are still dominant.

•The construction boom and financial bubble. •Not particularly big apartments can easily cost over € 300,000 and it´s hard for young people to buy a flat. •Yet another wave of immigrants arrived in the Basque Country at the end of the 20th century.

•These immigrants settled in different areas depending on their legal satus.

•Those without papers have often rented flats in some old rundown houses. They often lived with too many people in one flat.

•Some immigrants like Southern Americans have integrated better because they speak English.

•There is a risk of these immigrant population to concentrate in suburbs forming ghettos. FARM TOWN •All in all, Basque population is mainly urban. •Nowadays, people can´t live OFF OF the farm, they have to find work in the town. •Nowadays, people don´t earn enough money.

FAMILIES AND WEDDINGS •When did they used to get married?

1910 2011 •Were there some couples that didn´t get married a 100 years ago? •How many members used to be in a family?

100 years ago Now Sunday was their only free day.

They spent their time going to church, going to “erromeria”s, playing cards, playing sports, meeting family and friends, just talking… In these “erromeria”s people used to meet friends and dance in the open air helped by “txistu” or “trikiti”. People used to listen to the Basque traditional music, “trikitixa” and “txistu”, and sometimes to the church choire. It was a tradition to sing “bertso”s after celebration dinners.

There were, and are, also “bertso” competitions. PELOTA

Pelota was and is a very popular sport. They played pelota in “Frontoi txiki”.

“Frontoi txiki” -- Before “Frontoi txiki” -- Now HERRI KIROLAK (Rural Sports)

“Sokamuturra” was a way of entertainment which was celebrated during festivals.

1910 2010

People were very fond of the “bertsolariak”: very popular bards who improvised either witty or profound verses on a topic (serious, scornful, criticizing or just kidding) and always fitting the message to a melody, mesure and rhyme given afew seconds before starting singing. A the beginnig of the century Nowadays

Maialen Singing in the Lujanbio ciderhouse

Joxe Manuel Lujanbio “Txirrita” XX. Century

One hundred years ago…Nowadays…

1-. Poor people 1-. Everybody has Similar or identical -Weekdays clothes clothes -Weekends clothes 2-. Everyday different clothes 3-. Brands 2-. Rich people 4-. Urban cultures. -Everyday elegant and similar clothes

FESTIVALS

100 year back IN THE PAST 1- Different feeling. 2- Weddings, Christenings… 3- Monotony

IN THE PRESENT 1- It is not a special day 2- Some festivals have not got importance. NOW For 2 thousand gulden jewelry stolen

Brake-inn on the Nachtegaallaan During the absence of the residents, burglars have broke in jn a house at the Nachtegaallaan. By braking a window at the frontdoor they could open the door easily, because it wasn’t locked with the nightlock. The hole house was searched and ransacked. They found 100 guilder cash and jewerly for 200 guilders. This is a golden necless, a briljant brooche, a golden watch and some rings. They have no trace of the perpetrator. 2011 Maastricht MAASTRICHT- The art and antiques fair Tefaf in Maastricht is this year again the victim of robbery. The day after it was discovered that jewelry was stolen. When the robbery was dicoveredthere was immediately more security and nobody was allowed to go in or out. The police couldn’t tell anything about which jewelry were missing and how much they are worth. Also on the offender the police could give no information. Last year the fair was already by robbery. They went with a ring and a pendant off worth 860,000 euro’s

Art and Knowledge

Jan Gregoire, the painter and writer from Maastricht. P.A. Kerstens

Family Motherhood

Female figure in hot blue

Mother and Child Art in house

Art is very personal

Show who you are

Art speaks

Art shows something of yourself Our article is about:

Cinema Cinema 1934:

 “Leise flehen meine lieder”  Popularity  Good movie  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EoEo H79Qi4s&feature=fvst Cinema 2011:

 Royal theaters heerlen  Look of the cinema  Movies shown tonight: -Nova Zembla -The Help

New Years rhyme New Years rhyme 1933:

 Saturday night ball  Celebration dinner  Firework

New Years rhyme 2011:

 New Years eve  Celebration dinner  Firework The end!!! Are there any questions?

RELIGION, BELIEFS AND SUPERSTITIONS  Years ago in the Basque country the religion had an extreme importance. All the family used to go to the church on Sundays, they used to confess and they prayed every day the rosary . Besides, in many families the sons and daughters used to be friars and monks and this was a pride.  They were taught since they were babies to believe and all their life was in the way of the religion and superstitions. For example they didn´t live or have sex with their partners before they got married. The religion was a way to answer the things that they didn´t understand.  In small towns for example Azpeitia, we have 5 churches ( Esklabak, parrokia, Olatz , Jesus Maria, Frantzizkanak )and the famous Loiola church. So this is a good example of the importance of the religions.

Frantzizkanak Parrokia

Esklabak Olatz Loiola

 Loiola is a sanctuary which is in Azpeitia (Gipuzkua). Its architecture is baroque and it was designed by Carlo Fontana (who designed a very important church of Italy, similar of Loiola) but other architects changed the first design like the architect Inazio Ibero. They started building it in the XVII century, in honor of the saint Ignazio of Loiola because he was born there.  When the saint Inazio died in Italy, the sanctuary became very important and in the year 1610 more, because Inazio was appointed patron saint of Azpeitia. Inazio  The first stone was put in 1689 and It was definitely finished in 1888. The church form is round, and the other pieces of the sanctuary right angled.  We can say that Loiola is the most important church and construction of Azpeitia. This year the percentage of the Tourists tourist has gone up a lot of. So we invite you to come and see the magnificent Loiola and our town.

Religious ceremonies

 People in my town always have made the communion when they are 9 years old. When the priest say "This is my body", and gave them the cup, saying, "This is my blood". After that time they are part of the religion. In this ceremony children wear smart white clothes and they have lunch with their family.

 In the period of life when two people are united in marrige because they love each other and they want to live together forever. This ceremony that it can be religional according to their beliefs is called wedding and it has always been very common in our town. Wedding Weddings in the past traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnic groups, religions and social classes. Most wedding ceremonies involve an exchange of wedding vows by the couple, presentation of a gift (offering, rings, symbolic item, flowers, money),

Weddings nowadays Other beliefs from the Basque Country

 People from the Basque Country have always had some beliefs which are usually associated with the natural phenomena. This beliefs are based in some figures:

 One main figure of this belief system was the female character of Mari. According to legends collected in the area of . She was married to the god Sugar. Legends connect her to the weather that when she and the god Sugar travelled together hail would fall, that her departures from her cave would be accompanied by storms or droughts, that which cave she lived in at different times would determine dry or wet weather: wet when she was in Anboto, dry when she was elsewhere.

 Basajaun is a huge, hairy creature dwelling in the woods who protects flocks of livestock and teaches skills such as agriculture and ironworking to humans.

-Lamiak live in the river. They are very beautiful, and stay at the shore combing their long hair with a golden comb and they charm men. They have duck feet. In the coast some believed that there were "itsaslamiak" who had fish tail in the sea. Lamiak help those who give them presents by providing them with help at work; if a farmer left them food at the river shore, they would eat it at night and in exchange would finish the work he had left unploughed. In some places, bridges were believed to have been built by Lamia.

-According to Basque traditions Olentzero comes to town late at night on the 24th of December to drop off presents for children. It is similar to Santa Claus.

But nowadays this natural phenomena beliefs have disappeared instead of Olentzero which has not disappeared.

Elfstedentocht 1954

Jeen van den Berg 07:35 “LA VUELTA ESPAÑA” BACK TO THE BASQUE COUNTRY

• 1978 was when the Vuelta entered the Basque Country the last time.

• • The1978 pro was-independence when the Vuelta group ETA left violence after several years of violenceentered to the adopt Basque peaceful Country politics. the last time.

• The pro-independence group ETA left violence after several years of violence to adopt peaceful politics. • David Boyaciyan, a dutch man, won the main event. He won a total of € 382.200, while Joep van den Bijgaart only won € 750.

• The final table is arranged as follows:

1 - John Taramas, Greece, 1,755,000 2 - Charalampos Kapernopoulos, Greece, 749.000 3 - Pierre Mothes, Germany, 1,073,000 4 - Heseding Hauke​​, Germany, 1,660,000 5 - Schleps Florian, Austria, 850.000 6 - Mario Puccini, Germany, 1,077,000 7 - Andras Kovacs, Hungary, 210.000 8 - Zimnan Ziyard, UK, 2,771,000

Sports and games

• Agenda items? • Mission games? Gag

• Who? • Why? • Effect? Sports

 Basque rural sports  Winners receive a baret  Different kinds of sport feyenoord-ajax

Then and now

. First article: Feyenoord 5-2 Ajax 11 April 1931 Second article: Feyenoord 1-1 Ajax 31 January 2010 Feyenoord-Ajax 5-2 11-05-1931 For The board of Feyenoord it was a great idea to play their first home match in the Dutch competition at the stadium of Sparta. The stadium was sold out and there was a very good atmosphere around the stadium. There were also Ajax supporters who visited the match, but they didn’t enjoy the match at all. The Ajax players failed to give the Feyenoord players a hard time, and this was seen in the scoreline: 5-2.

Then

. Feyenoord didn’t start off too well. The defence was a huge mess and they weren’t able to put pressure on Ajax’ defence. After 12 minutes Ajax opened the score, after a mistake of van Bul van Reenen was able to break the deadlock. After the goal Feyenoord went from strength to strength and with half-time, it was a miracle that Feyenoord were only leading by two goals to one. The Ajax attack was hopeless against the strong back of Feyenoord. Past

. But after the break Feyenoord continued the way they ended the first half, with strong, attacking football. Ajax couldn’t cope with it and Feyenoord was able to score 3 more goals. This was enough to win the match; Ajax just scored one goal, which came from the penalty spot. Now

The 169th ‘Klassieker’ between Feyenoord and Ajax ended up in a 1-1 draw. After Pantelic broke the deadlock Wijnaldum equalised for the club from Rotterdam

Supported by 47.000 enthusiastic fans Feyenoord started strong and created a couple of chances. Bahia shot after two minutes, but the shot went wide. Eight minutes later John-Dahl Tomasson got yellow after going down in the 18-yard box without being touched by someone.

After this the match became quite boring until Ajax created the first chance. Oleguer played the ball to Rommendahl, who passed it through to Demy de Zeeuw. The Dutch international played the ball towards Pantelic. The Serbian transfered the ball into the back of the net; 0-1 to Ajax. This was also the scoreline after 45 minutes. Now

After 56 minutes Roy Makaay replaced Denny Landzaat. This didn’t work out, Ajax even got the better chance. Unfortunately for Ajax, Luis Suárez wasn’t as accurate as usual.

Feyenoord equalised ; Emanuelson played the ball back to Stekelenburg wrongly, Wijnaldum was there to take advantage of this. He pulled back the trigger and scored for Feyenoord: 1-1.

Now

. After the 1-1 Feyenoord got the belief they could win against Ajax, and started to increase the pressure on the Ajax defence. Sekou Cissé was denied by Stekelenburg, and so was Roy Makaay. Because of this Stekelenburg became Ajax’ most valuable player and ensured the point for the people from Amsterdam.

After the winter break Ajax isn’t able to get the right form and so the difference between Ajax and the leader, Twente, is increasing. Ajax need to start winning games, otherwise it could become the seventh consecutive season without a league title for Ajax.

EINDE BY: By Ainhoa: Agirrebeña Andueza Leire Etxeberria Beristain Itziar Varela Egiguren Ane Uria Etxeberria Melissa Nielaba Jolien Windmuller Rik van der Schuren Isabelle Cranen

Maialen Castaño Nuñez Judith Egiguren Agirre Miriam Etxaniz Alberdi Alaitz Alberdi Eizmendi

Hannah Ratuschny Jessica Verjans Britt Creusen Kimberly Wanders Mikel Gonzalez Arrue Ane Letamendia Martin Sara Aranbarri Iriondo Britt Quaedflieg

Ids Niessen Sammie Hinzen Amaia Aizpuru Aldalur Eider Iturralde Arotzena Maite Arregi Joaristi Sarai Tena Gómez Lonneke Wetzelaer Laura Naranjo Garcia Giovanna Verspagen Kim Aarts Maite Olaizola Alberdi Laurence Smits Gadea Azkue Izagirre Naira Arizmendi Ucin Kelly Bruijnseels Ane Bereziartua Odriozola Darren Klasens Godelieve Ploumen Estibalitz Aranbarri Zinkunegi Beatriz Arizmendi Larrañaga Idoia Landa Reza Iñigo Larrañaga Egiguren Minou Schreijen Maren Alberdi Aizpuru Robert v. Overveld Mick Zenden Goizane Mendizabal Arrieta Katrin Jungheim Monika Aizpitarte Garmendia Itziar Gurrutxaga Altuna Andrea Mollering Maite Lete Elorza Philippe Schyns Robin Frankes Jon Olaizola Alberdi Yvette Tillmans Ane Etxeberria Aranguren Maitane Diez Izagirre Alejandro Erkens Sandy Klooster Haizea Ribera Sorazu Leonie Thomissen Ainhoa Aizpitarte Zabarte Ane Arrizabalaga Andreu Natascha Strolenberg Irati Labaka Garmendia Ruben Mooldijk Wesley Hundscheid Eider Etxaniz Corrales Ane Aguado Garate Sebastiaan Ansara Maria Odriozola Romarate Demi Plummen Marco van Belzen Aizpea Etxeberria Arano

Jill Quaedflieg Itxaso Etxabe Mireia Arrizabalaga Olaizola Marjolijn Smeets Ianire Iriarte Villanueva Veerle Schielen Bas Wijsman Sara Ibarzabal Arregi Charelle Matzner Melissa Dassen Maider Soraluze Larrañaga Demi Smits