ENIGMA Et Le Contre-Espionnage Français
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THE-POLISH-TRACE-Ebook.Pdf
8 THE POLISH TRACE COMPOSED FROM COMMONLY AVAILABLE SOURCES BY LECH POLKOWSKI FOR IJCRS2017 FOREWORD It is a desire of many participants of conferences to learn as much as possible about the history and culture of he visited country and place and organizers try to satisfy this desire by providing excursions into attractive places and sites. IJCRS2017 also tries to take participants to historic sites of Warmia and Mazury and to show elements of local culture. As an innovation, we propose a booklet showing some achievements of Polish scientists and cryptographers, no doubt many of them are known universally, but some probably not. What bounds all personages described here is that they all suffered due to world wars, th efirst and the second. These wars ruined their homes, made them refugees and exiles, destroyed their archives and libraries, they lost many colleagues, friends and students but were lucky enough to save lives and in some cases to begin the career overseas. We begin with the person of Jan Czochralski, world famous metallurgist, discoverer of the technique of producing metal monocrystals `the Czochralski methode’ and inventor of duraluminum and the `bahnalloy’ who started his career and obtained its heights in Germany, later returned to Poland, became a professor at the Warsaw Polytechnical, played an important role in cultural life of Warsaw, lived in Warsaw through the second world war and the Warsaw Uprising of August-September 1944 and after the war was accused of cooperating ith occupying German forces and though judged innocent was literally erased from the public life and any information about him obliterated. -
The Imagination Game Storia E Fantasia in the Imitation Game
The Imagination Game storia e fantasia in The Imitation Game Cap. 2: Bletchley Park e Ultra Giovanni A. Cignoni – Progetto HMR 1/28 Bletchley Park e Ultra • Un’organizzazione poderosa • Bletchley Park • I luoghi, le strutture, le procedure • I meccanismi e gli appoggi • Il personale, le (tante) donne di BP • Ultra • Cos’era, come era nascosto • L’impatto sul conflitto, episodi e numeri Giovanni A. Cignoni – Progetto HMR 2/28 A lezione dai Polacchi • 1919, Biuro Szyfrów • Militari, Kowalewski, e matematici, Mazurkiewicz, Sierpiński, Leśniewski • Nel 1938 il 75% dei messaggi tedeschi intercettati era decifrato (Rejewski, Zygalski, Różycki) • Dopo il ’39 PC Bruno, Cadix, Boxmoor • In Inghilterra • Room40 (1914), GC&CS (1919), BP (1938) • Parigi (gennaio ’39), con Francesi e Polacchi • Pyry vicino Varsavia (luglio ’39) Giovanni A. Cignoni – Progetto HMR 3/28 Un posto strategico Bletchley Park - Gayhurst - Wavendon - Stanmore - Eastcote - Adstock Cambridge Banbury Letchworth Oxford London Giovanni A. Cignoni – Progetto HMR 4/28 Bletchley Park, 1942ca Giovanni A. Cignoni – Progetto HMR 5/28 Nel film, ci somiglia... Giovanni A. Cignoni – Progetto HMR 6/28 … ma non è Giovanni A. Cignoni – Progetto HMR 7/28 Il nume tutelare • 1941.10.21: Action this day! • In un momento di successo • Dopo una visita di Churchill • Le Bombe ci sono, mancano persone • Garanzie per i tecnici BTM • Personale per la catena • Intercettazione in grande • Risorse per una pesca industriale • Un po’ come “Echelon” Giovanni A. Cignoni – Progetto HMR 8/28 Il personale • Una grande industria • Da 9000 a 10000 persone, centinaia di macchine • Piuttosto stabile, circa 12000 nomi • Escluso l’indotto, fornitori e logistica • Reclutamento • Inizialmente diretto, da persona a persona • Poi attraverso controlli e selezioni metodiche • Soprattutto nell’ambito delle leve militari • Ma con un occhio anche ai civili Giovanni A. -
Ces Polonais Qui Ont Décrypté Enigma
8 HISTOIRE VIVANTE LA LIBERTÉ VENDREDI 2 DÉCEMBRE 2011 Ces Polonais qui ont décrypté Enigma GUERRE MONDIALE • Les Renseignements polonais ont apporté un soutien essentiel aux Alliés pendant le conflit mondial. Leurs réseaux étaient non seulement très efficaces, ils étaient aussi dotés de champions du déchiffrage. PASCAL FLEURY du tout envie de collaborer avec La statue de les Services spéciaux de Vichy, bronze de Ma - auxquels ils sont pourtant subor - rian Rejewski, donnés. Ils leur fournissent alors à Bydgoszcz des informations de moindre in - (Bromberg), térêt, tandis qu’ils renseignent au nord de la abondamment le Gouvernement Pologne, est de la Pologne libre à Londres et encore régulièrement fleurie en ses alliés britanniques de Bletch - souvenir de cet enfant du pays, ley Park. héros de la Seconde Guerre Grâce à sept machines mondiale. Ses faits d’armes re - Enigma reconstituées, un impor - marquables, ce brillant mathé - tant volume de dépêches alle - maticien ne les a toutefois pas mandes peut être déchiffré. Les accomplis le fusil à la main, mais messages proviennent de la Ges - en perçant le système de codage tapo, de cellules clandestines al - des fameuses machines d’en - lemandes agissant en France ou cryptage Enigma, largement uti - en Suisse, d’informateurs russes lisées par l’Allemagne nazie. Une ou encore des réseaux de l’Ab - découverte fondamentale, qui a wehr qui suivent les bateaux al - permis ensuite aux services de liés en Méditerranée et dans l’At - renseignement polonais, fran - lantique Sud. En deux ans, selon çais et britanniques de déchiffrer le spécialiste Jean Medrala, des milliers de messages secrets, l’équipe polonaise participe au et de donner ainsi un net avan - décryptage de près de 13 000 tage aux Alliés dans le conflit. -
%E Morse Magazine
1'£um6er 23 - f£aster 1992 ... %e Morse. Magazine.. - MORSUM MAGNIFICAT was [lTst published in Holland, in 1983, by the late Rinus Helkmons PAOBFN. Now published in Britain, it aims to provide international coverage of all aspects of Morse telegraphy, past present and future. MORSUM MAGNIFICAT is for all Morse enthusiasts, amateur or professional, active or retired. It brings together material which would otherwise be lost to posterity, providing an invaluable source of interest, reference and record relating to the traditions and practice of Morse. SUBSCRIPTIONS: For one year (four issues) United Kingdom: £8.50 per annwn, post-paid Europe, including Eire: £8.50 sterling Other countries: Surface mail- £9.00 sterling (or US $17.00 cash only) Ainnail- £11.00 sterling (or US $21.00 cash only) Cheques payable to 'G C Arnold Partners'. Payment by Access, Eurocard, Master card or Visa is also accepted; quote your card nwnber and expiry date. Please note that, owing to very high bank charges for currency exchange, we are unable to accept overseas cheques, drafts, money orders, etc., unless payable in sterling. Overseas cheques and drafts must be drawn on a London clearing bank. EDITORIAL AND SUBSCRIPTION OmCES: Morswn Magnificat. 9 Wetherby Close, Broadstone, Dorset BH18 8JB, England Telephone: Broadstone (0202) 658474; International +44 202658474 EDITOR Geoff Arnold G3GSR CONSULTANT EDITOR Tony Smith G4FAI, 1 Tash Place, London NIl IPA, England. Tel: 081-3684588 © G C Arnold Partners 1992 ISSN 0953-6426 Printed by Hertfordshire Display Company, Ware, Herts. ON OUR FRONT COVER A GNT Undulator in working condition. Photo by Dennis Goacher G3L1.Z Contents IRST OF ALL, AN APOLOOY to all of you 2 News F who were confused by the fact that they hadn't 6 Clandestine Radio - 2 had a ChrisbnaS issue of MM. -
Conference-Debat «Le Mythe Enigma»
4, rue Gutenberg 67610 La Wantzenau Tél. : 03 88 59 25 43 Fax : 03 88 59 23 61 E-mail : [email protected] www.mmpark.fr CONFERENCE-DEBAT animée par Edmond Kern «LE MYTHE ENIGMA» Edmond Kern retracera l’histoire d’Enigma et l’incidence de cette machine sur le cours de la deuxième guerre mondiale. Collectionneur de machines à écrire et à calculer anciennes, il a eu, en 2010, l’opportunité d’acquérir une machine à coder Enigma de 1942. Restaurée en Autriche, la machine a gardé toutes ses pièces d’origine et elle est entièrement fonctionnelle. Enigma sera exposée et des démonstrations de codage/décodage seront effectuées à l’issue de la conférence. Le conférencier est membre actif de plusieurs associations de collectionneurs de matériel de bureau françaises et européennes. Il est également adhérent à l’AGEAT (Association de la guerre électronique de l’armée de terre). Sa passion pour cette machine l’a amené à faire des recherches au SHD à Vincennes, à Bletchley Park, en Allemagne et aux Pays-Bas. Dans le cadre des festivités du 75e anniversaire du débarquement, il a été invité, une semaine complète, par le Normandy Victory Museum à Catz-Carentan pour y présenter Enigma. D’autres démonstrations avec conférence ont eu lieu à Montmorillon, Avon- Fontainebleau, Belfort, Strasbourg, Dorlisheim, etc. ainsi que démonstrations à trois éditions de la fête de la science à Strasbourg. Il partage très souvent ces secrets d’histoire avec les collégiens et les lycéens de la région. Conférence gratuite Date: Vendredi 3 septembre 2021 Lieu : Salle Koenig du MM Park ( entrée libre à l’arrière du musée) Horaire : 20h00 La machine à coder Enigma La machine a été inventée par Alexander Koch en 1919. -
Zeszyt Historyczny 1/2005
STOPKA REDAKCYJNA Zeszyty Historyczne Wydawca: Stowarzyszenie Klubu Kawalerów Orderu Wojennego Virtuti Militari Al. Niepodległości 141, pok. 521, 522, 523 tel. (0-22) 684-26-06, 684-26-08 [email protected] Dyżury redakcyjne: wtorki, w godz. 10 – 12 Konto bankowe 45 1020 1013 0000 0122 5747 Zespół redakcyjny: Zdzisław Piłatowicz - redaktor naczelny Andrzej Gładkowski - z-ca redaktora naczelnego Monika Rogowicz - redakcja i korekta Tomasz Krzyżewski - opracowanie i skład komputerowy Stała współpraca: cichociemny płk Stefan Bałuk („Starba”) Okładka wg projektu: Dorota M. Kloc - Isajew Redakcja zastrzega sobie prawo dokonywania zmian i skrótów w nadesłanych materiałach SPIS TREŚCI: 1. Polska myśl techniczna w służbie wojny i wywiadu.....str. 4-6 2. ENIGMA – niemiecka maszyna szyfrująca..................str. 7-39 3. Polowanie na Hitlera....................................................str. 42-43 4. Polski wykrywacz min..................................................str. 44-48 Opracowanie treści: Stefan „Starba” Bałuk Cichociemny – oficer wywiadu Wydział Legalizacji „Agaton” Oddział II Komendy Głównej Armii Krajowej 2 ZESZYTY HISTORYCZNE KLUBU KAWALERÓW ORDERU WOJENNEGO VIRTUTI MILITARI. WSTĘP: Nasze Zeszyty Historyczne mają zamiar przypominać i chronić od zapomnienia ważne wydarzenia historyczne mające znaczenie dla wiedzy o polskim wkładzie w walce o wolną Europę i niepodległość Polski w czasie II Wojny Światowej. Działania nasze miały wielostronnie różny charakter począwszy od działań wojny obronnej, w okresie okupacyjnej konspiracji, działań partyzanckich i Powstania Warszawskiego, walk Wojska Polskiego na zachodzie i wschodzie, jak też działań wywiadu wojskowego i gospodarczego przed wojną i w czasie wojny. Cykl rozpoczynamy relacjami z dziedziny służb polskiego wywiadu wojskowego w okresie przedwojennym i w czasie wojny. Sprawy te dotyczą rozpoznania przez wywiad Wojska Polskiego wojskowych szyfrów niemieckich, stosowanych w Wermachcie (niemieckich sił zbrojnych III Rzeszy). -
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in Cryptologia
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in Cryptologia Nelson H. F. Beebe University of Utah Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB 155 S 1400 E RM 233 Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090 USA Tel: +1 801 581 5254 FAX: +1 801 581 4148 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] (Internet) WWW URL: http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/ 04 September 2021 Version 3.64 Title word cross-reference 10016-8810 [?, ?]. 1221 [?]. 125 [?]. 15.00/$23.60.0 [?]. 15th [?, ?]. 16th [?]. 17-18 [?]. 18 [?]. 180-4 [?]. 1812 [?]. 18th (t; m)[?]. (t; n)[?, ?]. $10.00 [?]. $12.00 [?, ?, ?, ?, ?]. 18th-Century [?]. 1930s [?]. [?]. 128 [?]. $139.99 [?]. $15.00 [?]. $16.95 1939 [?]. 1940 [?, ?]. 1940s [?]. 1941 [?]. [?]. $16.96 [?]. $18.95 [?]. $24.00 [?]. 1942 [?]. 1943 [?]. 1945 [?, ?, ?, ?, ?]. $24.00/$34 [?]. $24.95 [?, ?]. $26.95 [?]. 1946 [?, ?]. 1950s [?]. 1970s [?]. 1980s [?]. $29.95 [?]. $30.95 [?]. $39 [?]. $43.39 [?]. 1989 [?]. 19th [?, ?]. $45.00 [?]. $5.95 [?]. $54.00 [?]. $54.95 [?]. $54.99 [?]. $6.50 [?]. $6.95 [?]. $69.00 2 [?, ?]. 200/220 [?]. 2000 [?]. 2004 [?, ?]. [?]. $69.95 [?]. $75.00 [?]. $89.95 [?]. th 2008 [?]. 2009 [?]. 2011 [?]. 2013 [?, ?]. [?]. A [?]. A3 [?, ?]. χ [?]. H [?]. k [?, ?]. M 2014 [?]. 2017 [?]. 2019 [?]. 20755-6886 [?, ?]. M 3 [?]. n [?, ?, ?]. [?]. 209 [?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?]. 20th [?]. 21 [?]. 22 [?]. 220 [?]. 24-Hour [?, ?, ?]. 25 [?, ?]. -Bit [?]. -out-of- [?, ?]. -tests [?]. 25.00/$39.30 [?]. 25.00/839.30 [?]. 25A1 [?]. 25B [?]. 26 [?, ?]. 28147 [?]. 28147-89 000 [?]. 01Q [?, ?]. [?]. 285 [?]. 294 [?]. 2in [?, ?]. 2nd [?, ?, ?, ?]. 1 [?, ?, ?, ?]. 1-4398-1763-4 [?]. 1/2in [?, ?]. 10 [?]. 100 [?]. 10011-4211 [?]. 3 [?, ?, ?, ?]. 3/4in [?, ?]. 30 [?]. 310 1 2 [?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?]. 312 [?]. 325 [?]. 3336 [?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?]. affine [?]. [?]. 35 [?]. 36 [?]. 3rd [?]. Afluisterstation [?, ?]. After [?]. Aftermath [?]. Again [?, ?]. Against 4 [?]. 40 [?]. 44 [?]. 45 [?]. 45th [?]. 47 [?]. [?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?]. Age 4in [?, ?]. [?, ?]. Agencies [?]. Agency [?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?]. -
Enigma, Les Décrypteurs Polonais Et Les Services Secrets Français, 1932–1945
ZESZYTY NAUKOWE UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLOŃSKIEGO Prace Historyczne 146, z. 1 (2019), s. 209–217 doi:10.4467/20844069PH.19.011.9575 www.ejournals.eu/Prace-Historyczne ENIGMA, LES DÉCRYPTEURS POLONAIS ET LES SERVICES SECRETS FRANÇAIS, 1932–1945 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5623-571X Jean-Charles Foucrier Université Paris-Sorbonne – Paris IV ABSTRACT ENIGMA, THE POLISH CODEBREAKERS AND THE FRENCH SECRET SERVICE, 1932–1945 In the early 1930’s, the Polish codebreakers succeeded while all the others failed: they broke the Enigma. Three young and brilliant mathematicians, Marian Rejewski, Henryk Zygalski and Jerzy Różycki managed to read the German cyphertexts from 1933 to as late as 1939. But this huge suc- cess remained a secret for a long time, unknown in France and England. After the fall of Poland in September 1939, the three mathematicians linked their fate with the French secret service and kept breaking the Enigma code. Again, following the French defeat of June 1940, they experienced exile and irremediably sank into oblivion. Today, the story of the Polish codebreakers and the French secret service remains very little known in France, although their work proved decisive in the Allied victory during the Second World War. Key words: World War II, Enigma, codebreaking, secret service. Słowa kluczowe: II wojna światowa, Enigma, łamanie szyfru, tajne służby. Août 1932. Trois jeunes Polonais s’engouff rent dans le vaste Palais Saxon de Var- sovie (Pałac Saski), siège du Bureau du Chiff re (Biuro Szyfrów). Marian Rejewski, Henryk Zygalski et Jerzy Różycki représentent l’élite des mathématiciens polonais, fraîchement diplômés de l’Université Adam Mickiewicz de Poznań. -
Needles and Haystacks: the Search for Ultra in the 1930'S
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 1983-03 Needles and haystacks: the search for Ultra in the 1930's Gouaze, Linda Yolande Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/19918 DUDLEY KNOX NAV i 9 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS NEEDLS AND HAYSTACKS: THE SEARCH FOR ULTRA IN THE 1 930 * s by Linda Yolande Gouaze' March 1983 Thesis Advisor: S . J u r i k a Approved for public release; distribution unlimited Ui^ft UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PACE (When Dmlm Znlored) READ INSTRUCTIONS REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLETING FORM 1. REPORT NUMBER 2. GOVT ACCESSION NO. 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER 4. TITLE (mnd Subtitle) 5. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED Master's Thesis; Needles and Haystacks: The Search March 1983 1930' for Ultra in the s 6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER 7. AUTHORS 8. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBERf*) Linda Yolande Gouaze 1. RERFORMINO ORGANIZATION NAME AND AOORESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT, TASK AREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California 93943 II. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND AOORESS 12. REPORT DATE March 1983 Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California 93943 O. NUMBER OF PAGES 84 14. MONITORING AGENCY NAME * AOORESSf" dllterent /ram Controlling Olllce) 15. SECURITY CLASS, (ol thle report) UNCLASSIFIED IS*. DECLASSIFICATION/ DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE IS. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (ol thle Report) Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (ol In* ebetrmct entered In Block 20, It different from Report) It. SURRLEMENTARY NOTES Enigma British Intelligence code-breaking World War II Polish Intelligence intelligence French Intelligence cryptology 20. -
El Héroe Alan Turing
El h´eroe Alan Turing: Aportaciones de la Criptolog´ıaa la victoria aliada en la Segunda Guerra Mundial Guillermo Morales-Luna Departamento de Computaci´on Centro de Investigaci´ony de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Cinvestav-IPN [email protected] 7 de mayo de 2013 Resumen En la segunda mitad de la d´ecada de los 30, funcionaba en Inglaterra una modesta oficina gubernamen- tal: la Government Code and Cypher School (GC & CS) que en 1937 descifraba, entre otros documentos, la correspondencia de unidades militares italianas participantes en la Guerra Civil Espa~nola. En 1939 la GC & CS se estableci´oen Bletchley Park y el 4 de septiembre, Alan Turing se incorpor´oa ella para dirigir la Barraca 8. Turing desarroll´oun important´ısimotrabajo en la primera mitad de la d´ecadade los 40 descifrando las comunicaciones secretas alemanas. Winston Churchill consideraba a Bletchley Park como su arma secreta y en alguna parte en sus memorias escribi´oque \nunca antes se hab´ıapeleado una guerra en la que una parte estaba al tanto de los movimientos a realizar por sus contrincantes". Sin duda, el quebrantamiento de Turing de las comunicaciones cifradas alemanas aminor´olos efectos que los ataques alemanes habr´ıanpodido ocasionar en el Reino Unido, y propici´oel triunfo ingl´esen la Batalla del Atl´antico. Fue tan importante el trabajo realizado en Bletchley Park que se orden´oel desmantelamiento total de ese centro criptol´ogicoal final de la guerra. Los cifrados alemanes se realizaban con la m´aquinaEnigma, cuyas primeras versiones fueron quebran- tadas por geniales cript´ologospolacos, inventores de las primeras bombas criptol´ogicas, quienes transmi- tieron luego su experiencia a los ingleses. -
Certificate in E Certificate in E-Governance and Security Information System (CEGCS-04) Vernance and Cyber
Certificate in e -Governance and Cyber Security Information System (CEGCS-04) Title Information System Adviso rs Mr. R. Thyagarajan, Head, Admn. & Finance and Acting Director, CEMCA Dr. Manas Ranjan Panigrahi, Program Officer(Education) , CEMCA Prof. Durgesh Pant, Director -SCS&IT, UOU Editor Er. Gopesh Pande, Network Engineer, Wipro Infotech, Mumbai Authors Block I> Unit I, Unit II, Unit III & Unit IV Er. Charanjeet Singh Chawla, Wing Commander, Indian Air Force, Ministry of Defence Block II> Unit I, Unit II, Unit III & Unit IV Er. Ashok Katariya, Group Captain, Indian Air Force, Ministry of Defence Block III> Unit I, Unit II, Unit III & Unit IV Er. Ashok Katariya, Group Captain, Indian Air Force, Ministry of Defence ISBN : 978 -93 -84813 -93 -2 Acknowledgement The University acknow ledges with thanks the expertixe and financial support provided by Commonwealth Educational Media Centre for Asia(CEMCA), New Delhi, for the preparation of this study material. Uttarakhand Open University, 2016 © Uttarak hand Open University, 2016. Information System is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 4.0 Licence (international): http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by -sa/4.0/ It is attributed to the sources marked in the References, Article Sources and Contributors section. Published by: Uttarakhand Open University, Haldwani Expert Panel S. No. Name 1 Dr. Jeetendra Pande, School of Computer Science & IT, Uttarakhand Open University, Haldwani 2 Prof. Ashok Panjwani, Professor, MDI, Gurgoan 3 Group Captain Ashok Katariya, Ministry of Defense, New Delhi 4 Mr. Ashutosh Bahuguna, Scientist- CERT-In, Department Of Electronics & Information Technology, Government Of India 5 Mr. Sani Abhilash, Scientist- CERT-In, Department Of Electronics & Information Technology, Government Of India 6 Wing Commander C.S. -
Guide to Western Intelligence During the Holocaust
Series IV Volume 9 Eavesdropping on Hell: Historical Guide to Western Communications Intelligence and the Holocaust, 1939-1945 UNITED STATES CRYPTOLOGIC HISTORY Eavesdropping on Hell: Historical Guide to Western Communications Intelligence and the Holocaust, 1939-1945 Robert J. Hanyok CENTER FOR CRYPTOLOGIC HISTORY NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY 2004 Table of Contents Page Table of Contents . .iii Preface and Acknowledgments . .1 A Note on Terminology . 5 Acknowledgments . 7 Chapter 1: Background . .11 The Context of European and Nazi Anti-Semitism . .11 Previous Histories and Articles . .14 Chapter 2: Overview of the Western Communications Intelligence System during World War II . 21 Step 1: Setting the Requirements, Priorities, and Division of Effort . .24 Step 2: Intercepting the Messages . .29 Step 3: Processing the Intercept . .36 Step 4: Disseminating the COMINT . .43 From Intercept to Decryption the Processing of a German Police Message . .51 Chapter 3: Sources of Cryptologic Records Relating to the Holocaust . .61 The National Archives and Records Administration . .61 The Public Record Office . .67 Miscellaneous Collections . .71 Chapter 4: Selected Topics from the Holocaust . .75 A. The General Course of the Holocaust and Allied COMINT . .76 B. Jewish Refugees, the Holocaust, and the Growing Strife in Palestine . .86 C. The Vichy Regime and the Jews . .89 D. The Destruction of Hungarys Jews, 1944 . .99 E. Japan and the Jews in the Far East . .97 F. Nazi Gold: National and Personal Assests Looted by Nazis and Placed in Swiss Banks, 1943 - 1945 . .104 Chapter 5: Some Observations about Western Communications Intelligence and the Holocaust . .. .121 What was Known from COMINT . .122 When the COMINT Agencies Knew .