FREE KONGO CLASS PDF

Steve Wiper | 64 pages | 19 Mar 2015 | Pen & Sword Books Ltd | 9781848320048 | English | Barnsley, United Kingdom Kongo Class : A Gallery - Navy General Board

However, at that time Japan was quickly expanding its ship building capabilities, and set out to construct the remaining three vessels of the class in Kongo Class Battlecruisers. All machinery and armament for Hiei, Kirishima and Haruna was fabricated in Japan under licence. As originally designed, the Kongos were battlecruisers, requiring high speeds, necessitating a massive steam plant of 36 coal fired boilers. On trial, Kongo attained nearly 28 knots. Kongo also had the feature of oil spaying, Kongo Class Battlecruisers meant that oil could be sprayed onto the coal fires for a small increase in range and power. Soon after the completion of all four of the Kongo Class Battlecruisers class battlecruisers, they each had Kongo Class Battlecruisers up-grades to the bridge structures. She hit what was believed Kongo Class Battlecruisers be a German mine in the summer of She nearly sank from the extensive flooding, but just managed to make port for repairs. Bythe 3in AA mounts were removed from atop the main gun turrets. In the early s, an odd shaped cowling was added to the fore funnel to keep smoke away from the back of the bridge structure on all vessels of the class. By the late s, a major Kongo Class Battlecruisers of the four Kongos was planned, as Japan was still adhering to the . Hiei was demilitarised at Kongo Class Battlecruisers time, with removal of side armour, No 4 main , all 6in broadside guns removed and a reduction of boilers to reduce her top speed to 18kts. Haruna completed this major reconstruction in JulyKirishima in MarchKongo Class Battlecruisers in March and Hiei completed her demilitarisation in December Due to the increase in both weight and beam, the top speed of the first three fell 2. During the early s, the Kongo class battleships had a few modifications, including the addition of cm searchlights for improved night fighting, four pairs of twin mm AA mounts, twin 40mm AA mounts, quadruple 13mm AA mounts, mainmast reduced in height and a catapult added to the aircraft deck between turrets 3 and 4. This was accomplished on a ship by ship basis, as time allowed. Even as work was finished on these vessels, another major reconstruction was drawn up for Kongo Class Battlecruisers Kongo class battleships. This would be the most extensive of all reconstructions done to the Kongos. They had their stern lengthened by 25ft and all boilers were replaced with more efficient oil-fired units, giving these vessels an increase in speed to 30kts. An upgraded catapult and expansion of the aircraft handling deck, improved barbette armour, and removal of the foremost 6in casemate guns were other improvements. The entire bridge structure was radically rebuilt, enlarging all the platforms substantially, as well as adding searchlight towers around the fore funnel. A large after fire control tower was constructed abaft the mainmast with duplicate systems to those atop the bridge. The then new twin 25mm AA mounts were also installed at this time. Japan rejected the Washington Naval Treaty in and in doing so, drew up plans to reconstruct Hiei. All components removed earlier had been carefully stored and were then reused where needed. Hiei had the same modifications as her sister-ships during this reconstruction, but the bridge structure was Kongo Class Battlecruisers to a new experimental design, and her armour was also improved over that of her sisterships. Her reconstruction began in November at Kure and was completed by December By the early s, the Kongos had minor improvements to the bridge in the form of an air defence platform at the top level, as well as additional flash protection to the main turrets. Ina degaussing cable was fitted to the exterior of the hull at the deck edge on all four vessels of this class. By the middle ofthe Kongo class battleships would then have all Kongo Class Battlecruisers latest technology available from the . They returned to Hitokappu Bay by the end of that month. April saw the entire Kongo class battleships operate together as the escort for the Carrier Striking Force on a raid into the Indian Ocean against the British . Both Kongo and Haruna had minor refits that month as well. Haruna was slightly damaged by USN carrier air attack, but at the end of the battle she and Kirishima picked up Kongo Class Battlecruisers from the sunken carriers. All of BatDiv3 returned to Japan by mid-June. During the period of mid-August through mid-September, all four Kongo class battleships participated in battle practice in Japanese waters. The operation was cancelled, and the entire force returned to Truk by late September. Kongo Class Battlecruisers refuelling BatDiv11 transferred to Shortland Island. Kirishima and Hiei, as BatDiv11, steamed for , arriving 13 November, to be deployed as the bombardment force for an invasion of that island. Kirishima was hit by only one 8in shell with minimal damage, but Hiei was badly damaged by a torpedo hit and as many as thirty Kongo Class Battlecruisers shells, even more 5in and was sprayed by 20mm rounds. She was hit numerous times and was last seen, a smoldering wreck, sinking sometime just after midnight on November Hiei has the dubious distinction of being the first Imperial Japanese Navy battleship sunk during the Second World War. Hiei and Kirishima managed to sink the US Navy light Kongo Class Battlecruisers, four and severely damage two heavy, two light and one . Kirishima, heavy cruisers Atago and Takao fired upon South Dakota. Kirishima hit the American battleship only once, but the heavy cruisers obtained many hits. Suddenly, unobserved by the IJN, at hrs, Washington fired upon Kirishima with main battery 16in guns and Atago and Takao with secondary battery 5in guns. Kirishima was hit by nine 16in shells in less than six minutes, knocking her completely out of action. She had also been hit Kongo Class Battlecruisers as many as forty 5in shells. Washington also hit Atago and Takao several times with 5in shells. She began to list to starboard, and at hrs, capsized seven miles NW of . As she capsized, her forward magazines detonated, blasting the battleship in two as she sank. BatDiv3 remained at Truk for the rest of that year. They had returned to Truk by 9 February after a successful operation. Haruna was fitted with the Type 21 Radar system, and both battleships had six 6in secondary guns removed at the same time, as well as additional 25mm mounts installed. Concrete protection was added around the steering gear. This refit was finished by the end of March BatDiv3 steamed for the Truk anchorage by mid-April, only to remain inactive until departing for Yokosuka in mid-May. Kongo and Haruna remained in Japanese waters until mid-June, before returning to Truk. This refit was completed in mid-Februaryand they then exercised in the Inland Sea until early March. Kongo was not hit, but Haruna was struck by lb bombs on No 4 turret and the quarterdeck, but managed to maintain top speed. BatDiv3 retired, via Okinawa to refuel and returned to Japan by the end of Kongo Class Battlecruisers. Haruna departed Sasebo with destroyers and arrived at Lingga in late August Both units of BatDiv3 would remain at the Lingga anchorage until mid-October. This was the beginning of the Battle of Leyte Gulf, a conflict that had smaller clashes within the main battle. These submarines were able to torpedo three heavy cruisers, Takao, Atago and Maya, severely damaging Takao and sinking the other two. The rest of Kongo Class Battlecruisers IJN fleet passed without harm. This event was later known as the Battle of Palawan Passage. Kongo Kongo Class Battlecruisers not hit, but again, Haruna was damaged by near misses. In the ensuing melee, the Japanese battleships and heavy cruisers, including Kongo and Haruna fired upon Kongo Class Battlecruisers hapless small carriers, but were run off by USN destroyers in a brave torpedo attack. The IJN sank one carrier, and three destroyers at the cost of three heavy cruisers. The remnants of Force A arrived at Brunei on 28 October They returned to Brunei by mid-November. At that time, the battleship Nagato was assigned to BatDiv3. Kongo and Haruna were not damaged. On that same day, Kongo, in company with Yamato, Nagato, light cruiser Yahagi and six destroyers departed for Japan. The next day, Haruna and the heavy cruisers Ashigara, Haguro and light cruiser Oyodo departed for the Lingga Kongo Class Battlecruisers, via the Spratly Island anchorage. Meanwhile, on 21 November, in the early morning, Kongo and her companions were off of Formosa, making 16kts, when they were intercepted by the USN submarine Sealion. At hrs Sealion fired all six bow tubes, turned and fired all four stern tubes by hrs. Minutes later, two huge geysers of water shot up into the air alongside the port side of Kongo, which shook with a terrible shudder. Another minute later, one of the Kongo Class Battlecruisers disappeared in a huge explosion, sinking immediately. Soon her speed slowed to 10kts. AboutKongo went dead in the water with her list increasing. Kongo Class BattlecruisersKongo capsized to Kongo Class Battlecruisers, at the same time causing her forward magazine to detonate. On 22 November Haruna, along with the cruisers and destroyers arrived at Lingga. As she was attempting to anchor, she grounded on a reef, doing significant damage to her hull, Kongo Class Battlecruisers repairs in Japan. Haruna departed Lingga alone for Singapore on 28 November to pick up two destroyers and continued on to Mako, where she joined the carrier Junyo and three Kongo Class Battlecruisers on 5 December This group departed for Japan the next day. The carrier Junyo was struck by two torpedoes, as was one of the escorting destroyers. Haruna and two destroyers continued on to Kure the day after, arriving two days later. Haruna was drydocked and hull damage was repaired. She really needed an extensive refit due to the numerous times she had been damaged, but this was not possible due to the lack of supplies and constant air attacks. Also, because of the lack of fuel available, Haruna remained in port, assigned to the Kure Naval District. Haruna was hit once, with slight damage, but June 22 saw another air assault, this time by USAAF Bs, with one bomb hit on the quarterdeck causing slight damage. On 24 July yet another carrier aircraft attack resulted in three bomb hits and moderate damage. The end came for Haruna on 28 July This was another carrier aircraft attack, obtaining about nine hits. She sank in Kongo Class Battlecruisers shallow water, her fore and centre-deck above water. Kongo Class Battlecruisers wreck was later broken up between and You are commenting using your WordPress. KONGO | Weapons and Warfare

During the first half of the 20th century, many navies constructed or planned to build battlecruisers : large capital ships with greater speed but less armor than dreadnought battleships. Britain and Germany attempted to build additional battlecruisers during the war—the Admiral class for the former, and the Mackensen and Ersatz Yorck classes for the latter—but changing priorities in favor of smaller warships prevented their completion. In Kongo Class Battlecruisers interest of avoiding another crippling naval arms racethe three countries, along with France and Italy, signed the Washington Naval Treaty inwhich included a moratorium on new construction. A clause in the treaty, however, gave the British, Japanese, Kongo Class Battlecruisers Americans a chance to Kongo Class Battlecruisers several of their battlecruisers into aircraft carriers. In the s, several navies considered new " cruiser killer " battlecruisers, including Germany's O classthe Dutch Designand the Soviet Kronshtadt class. During the war, the surviving battlecruisers saw extensive action, and many were sunk. Several new wartime classes were proposed, including the American Alaska class and the Japanese Design B class. The Alaska s were officially classified as "large cruisers", but many naval historians refer to them as battlecruisers. Only two of the American ships were built before the end of the war. The three Stalingrad -class ships, championed by Joseph Stalinwere laid down in the early s, but were cancelled after his death in This new type, the Kirov -classalthough designated as a "heavy nuclear-powered missile cruiser" by the Soviet Navy, was generally referred to in the West as a "battlecruiser". The list of battlecruiser classes includes all battlecruisers listed in chronological order by commission. Classes which did not enter service are listed by the date of cancellation or last work on the project. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Redirected from List of battlecruiser classes. Wikimedia list article. Japan's Haruna infollowing her second reconstruction. Main article: List of battlecruisers of the Royal Navy. Main article: List of battlecruisers of Germany. Main article: List of battlecruisers of Japan. Main article: List of battlecruisers of Russia. Main article: List of battlecruisers of the United States. Main article: French battlecruiser proposals. Main article: Design battlecruiser. They include battleships, battlecruisers, cruisers, destroyers, frigates, and corvettes. Aircraft carriers, amphibious assault ships, and mine hunters are not considered surface combatants. Thus, Kongo Class Battlecruisers would be incorrect to say that Kirov battlecruisers are the largest class of naval Kongo Class Battlecruisers built since the Second World War, since many aircraft carriers built after the war have been larger. Similarly, the United States' table gives dates of launch and commissioning for those ships that did enter service. Ship histories. Royal Australian Navy. Retrieved 5 October Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Archived from the original on 16 March Retrieved 14 April Navy DepartmentNaval Historical Center. Archived from the original on 8 October Retrieved 15 April Archived from Kongo Class Battlecruisers original on 23 January Archived from the original on 3 November Navy Department, Naval Historical Center. Archived from the original on 15 March Archived from the original on 7 February Battlecruisers of the World. List of sunken battlecruisers. Categories : Lists of battlecruisers Lists of ships. Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Articles containing Russian-language text CS1: long volume value CS1 maint: extra text: authors list Featured lists. Namespaces Article Talk. Views Read Edit View history. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. Download as PDF Printable version. The number and type of the main battery guns. Ship displacement at full combat load. Number of shaftstype of propulsion system, and top speed generated. The date the ship was commissioned [N 3]. Exploded at the Battle of Jutland, 31 May [33]. Sold for scrap, 1 December [33]. Sold for scrap, 19 December [34]. Sold for scrap, 31 January [34]. Scrapped, beginning 13 August [34]. Exploded at the Battle of Jutland, 31 May [34]. Sold for scrap, February [34]. Sold for scrap, August [34]. Sunk by Japanese air attack, 10 December [34]. Sunk by U17 September [34]. Sunk by the German battleships Scharnhorst and Gneisenau8 June [34]. Sold for scrap, 15 March [34]. Suspended, March [39]. Cancelled, 27 February [40]. Ordered 26 October [42]. Cancelled, February [43]. Scuttled at Scapa Flow21 Kongo Class Battlecruiserswreck raised s and scrapped at Rosyth [44]. Scuttled at Scapa Flow, 21 June Kongo Class Battlecruisers, wreck raised and scrapped at Rosyth [48]. Transferred to the Ottoman Empire on 16 Augustscrapped, [48]. Scuttled at Scapa Flow, 21 Junewreck raised and scrapped at Rosyth [49]. Scuttled in Scapa Flow, 21 Junewreck raisedbroken up Kongo Class Battlecruisers [48]. May [52]. Scuttled after severe damage at the Battle of Jutland1 June [48]. Scuttled in Kongo Class Battlecruisers Flow, 21 Junewreck raisedscrapped — [48]. SMS Mackensen. Struck, 17 Novemberbroken up, [53]. Struck, 17 Novemberbroken up, —22 [53]. Broken up, [53]. Ersatz Yorck. Scrapped 26 months before completion [54]. Canceled Kongo Class Battlecruisers the outbreak of World War II [55]. Torpedoed in Formosa Strait, 21 November [58]. Scuttled following Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, 13 November [59]. Sank following Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, 15 November [60]. Sunk by air Kongo Class BattlecruisersKure Naval Base28 July [60]. Reordered as ; damaged in earthquake; canceled and scrapped [14]. Kongo Class Battlecruisers and completed as aircraft Kongo Class Battlecruisers [14]. Canceled and scrapped [14]. Yard number not named [N 5]. Scrapped, [65]. Sold for scrap, 21 August [66]. Ordered scrapped, 24 March [70]. November [74]. Hulk used as target and later scrapped [76]. September, [74]. List of battlecruisers - Wikipedia

During the late s, all but Hiei were reconstructed and reclassified as battleships. After Kongo Class Battlecruisers signing of the London Naval Treaty inHiei was reconfigured as a training ship Kongo Class Battlecruisers avoid being scrapped. Following Japan's withdrawal from the treaty, all four underwent a massive second reconstruction in the late s. All four participated in the battles of Midway and Guadalcanal. Armed with eight inch The design of the ships was from Vickers Design C corresponding to the Japanese design designation B The original design featured eight Kongo Class Battlecruisers ten inch After trials of the new gun, which were witnessed by both the Japanese Navy and Royal Navy, the Japanese made the decision on 29 Nov to use the new gun despite the keel having already been laid down on 17 Januaryand the resulting need to quickly make a large number of alterations to the design, so as to not prolong the construction. If superintendents, supervisors and trial witnesses are also included then about Japanese spent time in Britain. The ships had a length of They had a draft of 8. The high-pressure turbines drove the wing shafts while the low-pressure turbines drove the inner shafts. The turbines were arranged in two compartments, separated by a centerline longitudinal bulkhead ; both compartments were situated between turrets No. This made them the only Japanese battleships at the time fully suited to operations alongside fast aircraft carriers. The shells could be loaded at any angle [16] and the guns had a firing cycle of 30—40 seconds. The recoil mechanism of the guns was also changed from a hydraulic to pneumatic system, which allowed for a faster firing cycle of the main guns. Each of these shells weighed A special Type 3 Sanshikidan incendiary shrapnel shell was developed in the s for anti-aircraft use. Each gun could fire a Kongo Class Battlecruisers ships also mounted four caliber 76 mm anti-aircraft AA guns. These guns were fitted on both sides of the fore and aft superstructures in four twin-gun mounts. Their maximum rate of fire was 14 rounds a minute, but their sustained rate of fire was around eight rounds per minute. During the second reconstruction, the ships were fitted with four to eight twin Both weapons were license-built French Hotchkiss designs. This model was the standard Japanese light anti-aircraft gun during World War II, but it suffered from severe design shortcomings that rendered it a Kongo Class Battlecruisers ineffective weapon. The twin and triple mounts "lacked sufficient speed in train or elevation; the gun sights were unable Kongo Class Battlecruisers handle fast targets; the gun exhibited excessive vibration; the magazine was too small, and, finally, the gun produced excessive muzzle blast". Navy cruisers and battleships in Due to a lack of available slipwaysthe latter two were the first Japanese warships to be built by Japanese private shipyards. She arrived in Yokosuka via Singapore in November to undergo armaments Kongo Class Battlecruisers checks in Kure Naval Arsenalbeing placed in reserve upon her arrival. Her horizontal armour, boilers, and machinery space were all improved, and she was equipped to carry Type 90 Model 0 floatplanes. Kirishima ' s keel was Kongo Class Battlecruisers in Mitsubishi's Nagasaki yard on 17 March She was launched about a year and a half later 1 December and transferred to Sasebo Naval Arsenal for fitting out. After the war, she alternated between being based in Japan and patrolling off Japanese ports. On 14 Septembershe collided with the destroyer Fujicausing minor damage Kongo Class Battlecruisers both ships. After being sent to the reserve fleet in Decembershe received a refit during Returning to the Kongo Class Battlecruisers fleet, the battlecruiser operated off China for periods of time in —, until she returned to reserve from to in preparation for a major reconstruction. After a period of fleet duty in the early s, she underwent a two-year reconstruction — to rebuild her as a Fast Battleship. After serving as a transport and support-ship during the Second Kongo Class Battlecruisers WarKirishima escorted the aircraft carrier strikeforce bound for the in December She capsized and sank at with the loss of of her crew. Haruna was laid down at Kobe by Kawasaki on 16 Marchlaunched 14 Decemberand formally commissioned 19 April The process upgraded her Kongo Class Battlecruisers capabilities, enabled her to carry and launch floatplanes, increasing her armour capacity by over 4, tons, [7] and was shortly thereafter reclassified as a Battleship. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, Haruna primarily served as a large-scale troop transport for Japanese troops to the Chinese mainland. On 8 DecemberHaruna provided heavy support for the invasion of Malaya and Singapore. Inshe deployed as part of a larger force on multiple occasions to counter the threat of American carrier strikes, but did not actively participate in a single battle. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Haruna at Yokosuka11 September Main article: Japanese battleship Hiei. Main article: Japanese battleship Kirishima. Main article: Japanese battleship Haruna. While Whitley and agree on a starting date of 1 JuneBreyer uses January ; all sources agree that it ended in Januarybut Breyer uses a more general "January ", rather than the exact date given by Whitley and Combined Fleet. Combined Fleet - Kongo class. Retrieved 12 April Combined Fleet. Retrieved 8 October Retrieved 11 February July Retrieved Kongo Class Battlecruisers January Retrieved 14 October Battleships portal. List of battlecruisers of Japan List of battleships of Japan. Japanese naval ship classes of . Tatsuta S Chihaya S. Japanese naval ship classes of World War II. Asama S Yakumo S Izumo. Yodo Chikuma. Momo Momi Wakatake. Maru Yu. Jingei Taigei. Namespaces Article Talk. Views Read Edit View history. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. Download as PDF Printable version. Wikimedia Commons. Imperial Japanese Kongo Class Battlecruisers. Ibuki class. Amagi Kongo Class Battlecruisers planned. VickersBarrow-in-Furness. Yokosuka Naval ArsenalYokosuka. Sunk during the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal13 November Mitsubishi Shipyard Co. Sunk during the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal15 November Kawasaki Dockyard Co.