Animal Welfare Institute 67th Annual Report July 1, 2017 – June 30, 2018 Who We Are Since 1951, the Animal Welfare Institute (AWI), a nonprofit charitable organization, has been alleviating suffering inflicted on animals by humans.

Our Aims

Through engagement with policymakers, scientists, industry, and the public, AWI seeks to

p abolish factory farms, support high- p ­preserve species threatened with extinction, p welfare family farms, and eliminate p and protect wildlife from harmful exploitation inhumane slaughter methods for animals and destruction of critical habitat; raised for food; p protect companion animals from cruelty and p end the use of steel-jaw leghold traps and p violence, including suffering associated with p reform other brutal methods of capturing inhumane conditions in the pet industry; and and killing wildlife; p prevent injury and death of animals caused p improve the housing and handling of animals p by harsh transport conditions. p in research, and encourage the development and implementation of alternatives to experimentation on live animals; Table of Contents

WILDLIFE 2 e COMPANION ANIMALS 6 e ANIMALS IN LABORATORIES 10 e FARM ANIMALS 14 e HUMANE EDUCATION 18 e MARINE ANIMALS 20 e GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS 24 e AWI QUARTERLY 28 e SPEECHES AND MEETINGS 36 e FINANCIALS 40 e Wildlife AWI seeks to reduce the detrimental impacts of human activities on wild animals. We work to strengthen national and international wildlife protection and advocate for humane solutions to confl icts with wildlife.

2 International trade Restoring habitat AWI’s D.J. Schubert and Sue Fisher participated For wildlife species depleted by habitat loss in the 69th meeting of the Standing Committee and historic hunting pressure, AWI seeks to of the Convention on International Trade in provide suitable habitat to facilitate their return. Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora In Senegal, we have been working closely with (CITES), held November 27 to December 1, government officials and local communities in 2017, in Geneva. The committee provides policy and around the North Ferlo Wildlife Reserve—a guidance to the CITES secretariat concerning protected area within a fragile and arid region implementation of the treaty—the primary that has succumbed to desertification due international agreement for protection of wildlife to overgrazing by cattle. In partnership with subject to international trade. Senegal National Parks (SNP), AWI is helping to create a sustainable environment in this Much of the Standing Committee’s substantive region for both humans and wildlife. Leading the work is done by working groups tasked with, project for AWI is Dr. Bill Clark (who also directs among other things, developing proposals on our Ghanaian African grey parrot project). Bill treaty compliance and species-specific issues brings vast experience to the effort: Prior to for consideration at CITES conferences. AWI is joining our organization, Bill spent many years participating in working groups on the African lion, overseeing a major wildlife restoration project disposal of confiscated specimens, livelihoods in Israel. Through AWI, he now works with the and food security, and rules of procedure. As Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) to train and equip a member organization of the Species Survival rangers to better combat poaching of elephants Network, AWI also provides input into the and other Kenyan wildlife. A skilled pilot himself, deliberations of other working groups. he is helping to coordinate advanced flight training for KWS pilots for safer and more In addition to our work through CITES, AWI is effective ranger patrols. undertaking a hands-on project in Ghana to protect the African grey parrot, a species that has been AWI and SNP are restoring the Ferlo’s natural severely impacted by trade. We are collaborating vegetation and bringing back native wildlife, with the country’s Wildlife Department to create including imperiled species such as the scimitar- a “halfway house” for trafficked African greys, in horned oryx, red-necked ostrich, dama gazelle, preparation for their return to the wild. Ghana has and sulcata tortoise. We are also assisting the lost more than 90 percent of its African grey parrot region’s human community in establishing population over the past decade due to illegal dripper irrigation vegetable gardens as a means trade. Although some smuggled birds are seized to reduce dependence on undernourished by law enforcement officials, there exists no formal livestock. On April 22, in a ceremony presided mechanism through which these birds—often over by the Honorable Amédoune Diop, prefect weak and injured—are returned to the wild. AWI of the Ranérou Ferlo Department, and Colonel and Ghana’s Wildlife Department therefore are Abdoulaye Diop, director of national parks in creating a rehabilitation and release facility within Senegal, the park’s main access road was named a Ghanaian national park, where confiscated birds “Boulevard Christine Stevens” in honor of AWI’s can be kept and restored to health until they are founder and first president. physically and behaviorally fit for release.

3 Lethal wildlife management Christine Stevens Wildlife Awards A major win for wildlife occurred in November This year’s Christine Stevens Wildlife Awards 2017 when—in response to a lawsuit filed by were announced in October 2017. Through the AWI and others—a federal court approved a award, AWI provides grants to support innovative settlement that requires the US Department of and creative research on humane, nonlethal, Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection noninvasive tools and techniques for wildlife Service (USDA-APHIS) Wildlife Services conflict management and wildlife study. The program to implement numerous protections following individuals received awards this year: for predators and other wild animals in Northern California. p Dr. Stewart Breck of the USDA’s National p Wildlife Research Center and Colorado The settlement prohibits Wildlife Services— State University for improving fladry (a notorious for its draconian wildlife management simple tool consisting of flags or strips of techniques—from aerial gunning and any fabric that flap in the breeze along a fence use of body-gripping traps such as strangling line) to ward off coyotes and thereby reduce snares and steel-jaw leghold traps in designated predation pressure on the endangered wilderness areas in California’s North District, black-footed ferret. comprising 16 counties. It also requires the p Dr. Elizabeth Burgess of the Anderson Cabot program to analyze the environmental impacts of p Center for Ocean Life at the New England its killing of coyotes, bobcats, and other wildlife Aquarium for developing biomarkers to in the district. Pending completion of that study, better monitor threats to the health of several measures must be implemented to Florida manatees. protect the region’s wildlife, including a ban on the use of extremely dangerous M-44 cyanide p Beth A. Fitzpatrick of the University of devices, den fumigants, and lead ammunition. p Wyoming for studying the effectiveness of Wildlife Services must also take steps to protect noninvasive methods to monitor greater California’s endangered gray wolves from being sage-grouse populations. accidentally harmed or killed in traps set for p Dr. Rachel Graham of MarAlliance for a study other carnivores. p to document and conserve ray species along Mexico’s Caribbean coast. This is the latest in a series of victories we have achieved to curb Wildlife Services’ lethal p Jason Holmberg of Wild Me for modernizing p wildlife management activities in California. In the study of Hawaiian hawksbill sea August 2017, a California court voided Monterey turtles using photo-identification tools and County’s wildlife management work plan computer technology. after determining that the county’s contract p Dr. Andrea Morehouse of Waterton with Wildlife Services violated the California p Biosphere Reserve for assessing the Environmental Quality Act. Last year, we reached effectiveness of nonlethal mitigation a settlement with Mendocino County through strategies to reduce conflicts involving which that county’s contract with Wildlife grizzly bears and livestock. Services was terminated.

4 Schweitzer Medal their droppings, relying on detection dogs to Shortly after AWI was founded, Dr. Albert locate these samples over large wilderness areas. Schweitzer gave the organization permission to He applies these tools to forensic analyses of create a medal—bearing his name and honoring transnational wildlife crime, as well as to address his legacy—to be presented for outstanding the impacts of poaching, oil development, and achievement in the advancement of animal overfishing on the well-being of endangered welfare. Since its inception, the Schweitzer wildlife populations. Medal has been awarded to 46 individuals, including members of Congress, foreign Based on DNA analyses of elephant dung, Wasser presidents and dignitaries, law enforcement has assembled a DNA reference map of elephants officials, reporters, and scientists. On April 10, across Africa that is widely used to determine 2018, at a ceremony held at the Dirksen Senate the geographic origins of poached ivory. The map Office Building in Washington, DC, we awarded has enabled his team to identify Africa’s largest the Schweitzer Medal to Dr. Samuel K Wasser, elephant poaching hotspots, track the number and in recognition of groundbreaking work that has connectivity of major ivory traffickers operating in contributed enormously to the fight against Africa, and uncover strategies that transnational wildlife trafficking. Senator Maria Cantwell (D- organized crime syndicates use to acquire and WA) presented the medal on AWI’s behalf. move their contraband around the world. This work has led to prosecutions of major transnational Wasser is the endowed chair in Conservation ivory traffickers and nurtured key collaborations Biology and director of the Center for with national and international law enforcement Conservation Biology at the University of agencies, including INTERPOL, Homeland Security Washington. He has pioneered noninvasive Investigations, the US Fish and Wildlife Service methods to measure the abundance, distribution, (USFWS), and wildlife authorities in numerous and physiological condition of wildlife from source and transit countries across Africa and Asia.

DR. SAM WASSER

5 Companion Animals AWI promotes strong enforcement of laws to protect companion animals. We develop resources to help law enforcement offi cials prosecute animal abusers and help social service agencies address the relationship between animal cruelty and family violence.

6 USDA Enforcement of the Animal However, in seeking license termination (merely canceling the license) rather than revocation Welfare Act (permanent loss of the license as part of an AWI’s long-standing watchdog role regarding AWA enforcement action), the USDA left Felts USDA enforcement and oversight of the Animal unpunished and eligible, even, to apply for a new Welfare Act (AWA) has taken on new urgency license. In its termination filing, the USDA cited not in light of the unprecedented efforts of the one of the grievous AWA violations documented department under the Trump administration to in numerous inspection reports. AWI laid out the shelve this law, which sets minimum standards long history of abuse at the facility and complained of care that must be provided to animals by to multiple USDA officials regarding this case. breeders, dealers, research facilities, airlines, intermediate handlers, and exhibitors. AWI AWI has long been harshly critical of the USDA’s has worked to expose this agenda—with a automatic renewal of licenses such as those of particular focus on cases involving the USDA’s Pratt or Felts, without regard for the licensees’ abandonment of enforcement in relation to AWA compliance record. So when the USDA shocking abuse at puppy mills. asked for feedback regarding a possible change in this practice, we encouraged our members to In an article in the summer 2018 AWI Quarterly, contact the USDA, and we submitted comments we revealed that in the first 18 months of laden with egregious examples of licensees with this administration, the USDA filed just two horrendous compliance records having their enforcement complaints—compared to 58 licenses renewed again and again. As of the end during the 24 months of 2015 and 2016. What’s of the fiscal year, the USDA had not yet issued a worse, one of these two involved a grossly proposal on changes to the licensing regulations. inadequate response to egregious AWA violations at an Iowa puppy mill operated by Debra Pratt, AWI also fought against a USDA proposal to who had been described in the media as the allow for third-party inspections—a change “poster child” for all that was wrong with the that would have undercut the backbone of AWA state’s dog breeding industry. AWI exposed the enforcement while enabling industry to self- USDA’s desultory efforts in the case—how it police. The department had proposed “blending” virtually ignored the horrific reports produced by these third-party inspections with regular its own on-the-ground inspectors and eventually ones. We submitted official written comments reached a meager settlement with this notorious criticizing this proposal and once again asked our breeder, letting her walk away virtually unscathed members to comment. AWI President Cathy Liss despite years of animal abuse at her facility. also spoke forcefully against the plan at a USDA listening session. Subsequently, under a barrage In the previous Quarterly issue (spring 2018), of negative feedback, the USDA announced it AWI chronicled the USDA’s woeful enforcement was dropping this proposal. regarding another Iowa dog breeder, Gary Felts. For more than a decade, USDA inspectors documented abysmal care and significant animal Hurricane rescues suffering at Felts’s kennel, yet the USDA kept On September 6, 2017, the US Virgin Islands renewing his license. Finally, in January 2017, fell under the brutal force of Hurricane Irma. In the USDA moved to terminate Felts’s license. its wake, the storm left catastrophic damage

7 and great human misery. Four-legged residents crimes. AWI also collaborated with the National suffered as well. Shelters in St. Thomas and St. Animal Care and Control Association (NACA) Croix were badly damaged and overflowing with to distribute the NIBRS User Manual for Animal stray and abandoned dogs and cats. Control Officers and Humane Law Enforcement that we coauthored last year. A group founded by a Virgin Islands native had initially planned to airlift these animals out of the In November 2017, Nancy and Mary Lou islands to new homes over the course of several participated in the 7th National Animal Cruelty weeks. But when—a scant two weeks later— Prosecution Conference—the primary training Hurricane Maria bore down on the islands, the event for prosecutors, law enforcement and group turned to AWI for emergency assistance. animal control officers, veterinarians, and related We provided funding to help charter a plane to disciplines to address animal abuse crimes. ferry over 300 dogs and cats out just before At Nancy’s invitation, Chief Justice Thomas A. Maria barreled in. Balmer of the Oregon Supreme Court agreed to keynote the event. AWI funds and Nancy In the early morning hours of September 19, co-chairs the Association of Prosecuting the animals arrived in Norfolk, Virginia, where Attorneys’ Animal Cruelty Advisory Council, the staff members from AWI’s Washington, DC, conference’s planning body. headquarters joined other volunteers to help care for the dogs and cats and relay them to temporary shelter on their way to new homes Animal cruelty and domestic violence across the eastern United States. AWI also AWI continues to partner with a diverse group funded hurricane rescue and rehoming efforts in of professionals to address the links between St. Maarten and in remote western Puerto Rico. animal welfare, family welfare, and public safety. In September in San Diego, we assembled a panel presentation for the 22nd International Summit Animal cruelty crimes on Violence, Abuse and Trauma—a gathering of AWI’s Nancy Blaney and Dr. Mary Lou Randour representatives from law enforcement agencies, worked with officials from the Federal Bureau of domestic violence and child welfare service Investigation (FBI) Criminal Justice Information providers, mental health professionals, and Services Division, the National Sheriffs’ violence prevention advocates. On this panel, Association (NSA), and the Association of State Mary Lou reviewed the research showing the Uniform Crime Reporting Programs this year on strong connection between animal cruelty and outreach to law enforcement agencies concerning other types of violence, while Nancy discussed the FBI’s addition two years ago of animal cruelty public policy changes to strengthen laws dealing crimes to its National Incident-Based Reporting with animal cruelty and provide better resources System (NIBRS). Mary Lou co-authored an article to domestic violence victims and their companion on NIBRS implementation with Dan DeSousa, animals. AWI put together a similar panel for the director of San Diego Animal Services, for The October 2017 NACA training conference, held in Deputy, the magazine of the NSA, and she Virginia Beach, Virginia. developed a survey for state sheriffs to ascertain how their offices are reporting animal cruelty

8 9 Animals in Laboratories AWI fosters species-appropriate housing, compassionate care and handling, and minimization of fear, distress, and pain for animals in research. We promote research methods that reduce the total number of animals subject to experimentation.

10 Whistleblowing weak federal In the midst of all this, AWI’s Cathy Liss and oversight Nancy Blaney attended a listening session in As noted in the Companion Animals section, the January 2018 on animal research hosted by USDA has virtually abandoned sound oversight the USDA, the National Institutes of Health and enforcement of the AWA—with deeply (NIH), and the Food and Drug Administration disturbing ramifications for animals in research (FDA). The stated purpose of the meeting was as well as animals in the pet trade, exotic wildlife, to collect information in response to language and others. Since March 2017, this has occurred tucked in a 300+ page law passed in December under the direction of Stephen Vaden, principal 2016, the 21st Century Cures Act. The research deputy general counsel. Vaden has been accused industry hopes to use a directive in the law to of causing plummeting morale and a climate of reduce “administrative burden” as a means to fear among the government attorneys charged weaken current oversight of animals in research. with filing crucial AWA enforcement complaints, At the meeting, Cathy issued a strong defense all in an effort to squelch enforcement. of maintaining the existing requirements and of strengthening and broadening—rather Throughout the year, AWI called attention— than weakening—federal oversight and the via investigative reporting and outreach to protections afforded animals in research. policymakers, the press, and our members—to this administration’s apparent hostility toward Following a January 2015 New York Times the AWA and abdication of its responsibility exposé of animal cruelty at the USDA’s Meat to enforce it. As noted in last year’s annual Animal Research Center (MARC) in Clay Center, report, enforcement records are being hidden Nebraska, that resulted in public condemnation from the public. The USDA has also drastically of MARC and withholding of some Agricultural reduced administrative cases against licensed Research Service (ARS) funding from Congress, and registered entities that fail to comply with MARC and the other federal laboratories were the law. Government inspectors are actually subject to unannounced inspections. When AWI being discouraged from making citations on discovered in July 2017 that the first unannounced their inspection reports, and “education” is inspection of MARC resulted in four citations being emphasized rather than enforcement. The involving significant animal suffering, we called Animal Welfare Inspection Guide—a document on Congress to permanently revoke all research that helps inspectors do their job—is missing funding of MARC. The problem was not limited key chapters, replaced by “under construction” to MARC, however. AWI’s research uncovered notations, while other sections have been systemic animal welfare issues at multiple ARS substantially weakened. The Animal Care Policy labs: 16 citations at 12 of ARS’s 35 labs, with Manual, which provides clarification on specific several incidents resulting in severe animal issues and regulations governing the care and suffering and deaths (e.g., 32 quail chicks use of animals, has been taken offline, with an who died in a room that reached 130 degrees; “Under Review!” notation where the link to the 15 ducks who died from dehydration; a sick, manual formerly was. There can be little doubt dehydrated calf whose treatment ended two days that the intent is to sideline or severely curtail before his death; and 38 young turkeys who died this document as well. from malnutrition and dehydration).

11 We found that, repeatedly, the Institutional scientific and professional literature to present Animal Care and Use Committees for these evidence on the calming, stress-buffering, and facilities were signing off on forms indicating that life-enhancing effect of touch among animals, all was well despite egregious animal welfare among humans, and between animals and incidents. Our findings, published in the Quarterly humans—with profound implications for the way and released to the press, resulted in several animals are handled in laboratory settings. stories in the media, including a feature story in the Herald Journal of Logan, Utah, where one of Valuable, insightful online exchanges between the cited labs is located. animal technicians, animal care personnel, researchers, and students continued on AWI’s In June 2018, prior to the annual meeting that Laboratory Animal Refinement and Enrichment AWI coordinates between the USDA and animal Forum (LAREF). The forum, moderated by protection groups, AWI received an email from Viktor (who now serves on AWI’s Scientific the department announcing that “we are not Committee), was launched by him in October in a position to accept and respond to agenda 2002. One exchange, on the calming influence of items, as we have in past years” and that animal caregivers talking to the animals, was covered in groups should “reflect on and discuss the the spring 2018 AWI Quarterly. Among the many learning opportunities and assistance” that the other refinement topics discussed on LAREF this USDA provides for the industries it regulates. year: repurposing old caging to create better Animal protection groups were outraged at this housing for rats, hammocks for monkeys, ropes attempt to discourage negative feedback; several and swings for mice, gnawing blocks and wood threatened to boycott the meeting. In the end, sticks, identifying signs of stress in rabbits, trio AWI succeeded in putting together an event in housing of macaques, mirrors as enrichment, which the groups were able to voice concerns making bitter medicines more palatable to pigs, about the increasingly poor oversight of the ideal nesting material for mice, hiding structures research and other industries. for rabbits, and computer tablets for nonhuman primates (for games and other apps they can independently manipulate). Promoting refinement In Austin, Texas, in October 2017, Cathy attended This year, AWI provided refinement grants to the national meeting of the American Association two candidates. The first was Dr. Brianna Gaskill for Laboratory Animal Science and—as she has of Purdue University, who is investigating the done nearly every year during her 35 years at link between lab personnel’s attitudes, including AWI—staffed an exhibit advocating for better “compassion fatigue,” and the provision of treatment of animals in research. Once again, environmental enrichment to animals under AWI publications on refinement in the care and their care. The second recipient was Dr. Kathleen handling of animals in research were in great Coda of the University of Illinois at Chicago. Her demand. Included this year was the new second research seeks to develop and validate enrichment edition of The Magic of Touch, by Viktor and Annie strategies to reduce stress in rabbits by use Reinhardt, AWI’s longtime (but now retired) of devices that allow them to engage in natural laboratory animal advisor and information behaviors such as exploration, digging, and specialist, respectively. The book reviews the standing on their hind limbs.

12 13 Farm Animals AWI seeks an end to cruel methods of housing, handling, transporting, and slaughtering farm animals. We advocate for pasture-based farming systems that allow animals to express natural behaviors, as an alternative to factory farming.

14 Improved animal export conditions Welfare of animals raised organically In early 2016, after granting a petition by AWI to In the past year, AWI has worked extensively incorporate animal fitness-to-travel requirements to pressure the USDA to implement the to prevent animals too young, weak, or sick Organic Livestock and Poultry Practices (OLPP) from being exported, the USDA finalized a rule rule, which would clarify and expand welfare to strengthen the requirements for the export standards for animals raised under the National of farm animals by sea. In addition to adding Organic Program. Unfortunately, the USDA the fitness-to-travel standards, the department repeatedly delayed and finally withdrew the added measures to better protect the welfare of rule despite widespread support for it from animals at sea, and mandated that ocean vessels consumers and small organic farmers. Although submit a report after each journey with the the new rule’s standards were relatively low, number of animals who died and the number who they clarified that all organically raised animals became injured or sick during transport. must have genuine access to the outdoors.

Through Freedom of Information Act requests, During the delay, AWI submitted comments AWI has since monitored the USDA’s to the USDA and sent an action alert to our enforcement of the amended regulations, and supporters to ask the department to implement has learned that the department is receiving the rule. AWI also co-authored a report, Animal morbidity and mortality reports for at least some Welfare in the National Organic Program: The shipments of animals. These reports show that USDA Must Act Quickly to Protect Millions of among farm animals, cattle endure the longest Animals, which urged the USDA to implement voyages, with documented trips lasting three to the rule to benefit animals and consumers. seven weeks. It appears that the rule change has When the USDA ultimately decided to withdraw been beneficial in that no egregious incidents the OLPP rule, AWI organized comments from have been reported in the wake of the 2016 a coalition of organizations and asked our amendments, although we note that the mortality supporters to submit comments requesting that rate for two of the journeys was concerning. the department change course.

AWI has also monitored the USDA’s enforcement AWI also prepared a report countering the of the law that governs the transport of farm USDA’s main rationale for withdrawing the animals within the United States. Our research rule—that the department only has authority to shows that in recent years, the USDA has regulate animal health, not animal welfare. The investigated only a handful of suspected report, The Critical Relationship Between Farm violations, and referred none for prosecution. Animal Health and Welfare, explains how animal Given this, we support adoption of a Department welfare and animal health are inextricably of Transportation regulation requiring that linked, and demonstrates how research transporters use electronic logging devices, which conducted by the USDA itself has confirmed could provide the government with a mechanism this connection. AWI is considering options on to track farm animals transported by truck. Our how best to respond to the USDA’s withdrawal report on the USDA’s handling of domestic farm of the OLPP rule so that, ultimately, the quality animal transport is slated for publication in the of life for the millions of animals raised under journal Animal Law Review. the organic label can be improved.

15 Oversight of poultry slaughter Prevention of deadly barn fires AWI continues to pressure the USDA and Every year, hundreds of thousands of farm state departments of agriculture to improve animals die in barn fires, yet there are no enforcement of humane slaughter laws. In laws designed to protect them against this November 2017, we released an update to our kind of tragedy. However, the National Fire comprehensive 2006–2014 analysis of the Protection Association (NFPA) has created a welfare of birds at slaughter in the United States. voluntary standard recommending various fire The new report presented the findings from a prevention methods in buildings that house review of USDA inspection documents for the animals, including barns. AWI has submitted period 2015–2016. We used these documents comments to the NFPA since 2014, advocating to compile a list of poultry slaughter plants that for mandatory fire suppression and prevention have been written up most frequently by the systems in barns. USDA for violating federal regulations and/or what the industry considers good commercial In January 2018, AWI’s Alicia Prygoski was practices for animal handling. The federally appointed to serve on the NFPA Technical inspected plants with the worst records for Committee on Animal Housing Facilities, the this period included Simmons Prepared Foods entity that drafts the standard covering fire in Decatur, Arkansas; Case Farms plants in prevention in barns. This will give us a significant Morganton, North Carolina, and Winesburg, opportunity to emphasize the importance of Ohio; and a Pilgrim’s Pride plant in Mount protecting farm animals from fire, especially Pleasant, Texas. For three of the four plants, we considering that AWI is the sole animal welfare were able to generate local media coverage of organization represented on the committee. the plant’s poor animal welfare record. The committee is currently working to develop the 2019 Animal Housing Standards, which are We also vigorously opposed a petition submitted expected to offer greater protection from barn by the National Chicken Council (NCC) to fires than previous editions. implement a blanket waiver system that would allow poultry lines to operate at unlimited In June, Alicia attended the annual NFPA speeds. We argued to the USDA that increased Conference & Expo to speak with fire safety line speed poses a risk to animal welfare in experts about the most effective ways to protect a number of ways, and that these risks are farm animals from fires. AWI has also started exacerbated by the fact that the USDA has tracking barn fires to determine why they occur, failed to adopt any regulations governing the how frequently farm animals die as a result, and humane handling and slaughter of poultry. The ways that barn fires can be prevented. USDA ultimately rejected the NCC petition, but substantially undermined the decision by stating it will consider individual waiver requests for operation at increased speeds. We also strongly recommended that the USDA grant our petition calling for the implementation of humane handling regulations for poultry.

16 17 Humane Education AWI encourages teachers and educators to incorporate animal- friendly science education into their lessons and teach respect for rather than exploitation of animals.

18 Author partnership Our partnership with Applegate and HarperCollins gave us an opportunity to do This year, AWI partnered with acclaimed author additional outreach on wildlife protection at the Katherine Applegate (The One and Only Ivan, the 2018 National Science Teachers Association Animorphs series) and HarperCollins Children’s conference in Atlanta in April. While there, Books to rally youth to join the fight to protect Regina distributed the endangered species endangered species. Applegate’s latest book, posters and other educational materials— Endling #1: The Last, is a young adult novel in which were very well received and much which the protagonist belongs to a fictional appreciated by teachers looking for new ways species that has been driven nearly to extinction. to incorporate species preservation and habitat conservation lessons in their classrooms. Working with HarperCollins, AWI created materials for teachers and students that featured a diverse array of endangered animals A Voice for Animals contest and highlighted simple steps people of all ages can take to protect wildlife and habitats. AWI continued its co-sponsorship with the Applegate recorded a series of videos to Humane Education Network of the annual “A highlight these actions, which we shared on Voice for Animals” contest. This contest allows our social media channels in the days leading young people to address animal welfare issues up to Endangered Species Day in May. We and showcase their own work to alleviate animal created a colorful educational poster featuring suffering. Previous contest winners have gone photographs of 20 animals currently listed under on to establish such noteworthy projects as a the Endangered Species Act (ESA). During her program to educate others about sea turtles, a Endling book tour, Applegate hand-delivered the shelter for stray dogs in Mexico, and an outdoor posters to thousands of middle school students aviary for rescued birds. and teachers across the country. We are also offering the poster and other materials free to This year, a special category was introduced for teachers via our website. students age 14–15 whose essays addressed endangered species. In addition to other prizes, the winners in this category each received a Science conferences personalized, signed copy of Endling #1: The Last. Overall, more than 400 entries were Every year, AWI hosts educational booths at received for the contest, with prizes awarded for major biology and science teacher conferences, submissions about saving porpoises in China’s where we promote humane education and Yangtze River, protecting rhinos from poachers proven alternatives to animal dissections. In in South Africa, adoption of stray “pariah” dogs November 2017, AWI’s Regina Terlau attended in Bangalore, India, rehabilitation of abused and the Science Teachers Association of Texas neglected horses in Florida, and more. Conference for the Advancement of Science Teaching (CAST). This annual conference draws thousands of teachers and affords us the opportunity to discuss humane teaching methods and share our publications with educators at all grade levels.

19 Marine Animals AWI works around the globe to prevent inhumane and ecologically harmful commercial exploitation of marine species and destruction and degradation of their habitats.

20 Commercial whaling the IWC can assist studies of this emerging Much of AWI’s marine team efforts this issue and apply those findings to decisions year involved preparation for the biennial concerning cetacean conservation. Further, International Whaling Commission (IWC) in December 2017, AWI, along with Chile’s meeting in Florianópolis, Brazil, that would take Cetacean Conservation Center and Argentina’s place in September 2018, following the close of Whale Conservation Institute, released the fiscal year. Role of Cetaceans in Ecosystem Functioning: Defining Marine Conservation Policies in the AWI is active in several capacities within the 21st Century—a report that emerged from a IWC. AWI’s Dr. Naomi Rose, a member of the workshop conducted by the three organizations IWC Scientific Committee, co-edited the State of during the July 2017 International Congress for the Cetacean Environment Report, which provides Conservation Biology, in Cartagena, Colombia. IWC commissioners, members of the Scientific Committee, and other interested parties with As stated in the Wildlife section, Sue and D.J. a nontechnical periodic summary of events, also participated in the 69th meeting of the CITES developments, and conditions in the marine Standing Committee in Geneva. AWI and allies environment that are relevant to cetaceans. provided Standing Committee members with Naomi also serves as rapporteur for the IWC’s extensive evidence of Japan’s commercial use of Sub-committee on Whalewatching and the Ad meat and blubber from sei whales—a species Hoc Working Group on Sanctuaries, and she listed on the treaty’s Appendix I (which prohibits participated in and wrote the report for an IWC commercial trade in the animals). The committee Scientific Committee workshop on modeling and was to make a determination on whether Japan is assessment of whale watching impacts. failing to comply with CITES at its next meeting.

Meanwhile, AWI’s Kate O’Connell participates in the Bycatch Mitigation Initiative Standing Bycatch Working Group and AWI’s Sue Fisher and As a recognized stakeholder in the Marine D.J. Schubert participate in the Aboriginal Stewardship Council (MSC) certification Subsistence Whaling (ASW) Working Group. In process, AWI routinely provides comments to April 2018, Sue and D.J. attended a meeting of the council. We are also coordinating a coalition this group in Utqiaġvik (Barrow), Alaska, held to of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) resolve issues pertaining to the IWC-approved that is pressuring the MSC to address the ASW quotas. devastating ecological impacts of bycatch in its sustainable fisheries certification standards. AWI has been at the forefront of efforts to Throughout the year, we organized and chaired encourage the IWC to recognize the key role meetings of this coalition. In January 2018, whales play in marine ecosystem functioning. we facilitated a letter to the MSC from 66 This work helped lead to a groundbreaking 2016 NGOs and leading academics regarding MSC IWC resolution acknowledging this contribution, certification of fisheries that ensnare thousands after which the IWC established a Conservation of vulnerable and endangered animals—thus Committee working group (which includes Sue misleading consumers who look for the “certified and D.J.) to make recommendations on how sustainable” label in making purchases.

21 In April 2018, Kate met with the MSC Standards declined to act on this refusal. The agencies Committee during the Brussels Seafood Expo stated—without providing evidence of their legal to discuss this issue. In May, AWI submitted reasoning—that SeaWorld’s obligations in this testimony on the MSC to the UK Parliament’s regard under its public display permits are no Environmental Audit Committee with regard longer in effect due to 1994 changes to the MMPA. to the impacts of bycatch, anthropogenic ocean noise, and plastic pollution. Kate also In January 2018, AWI and allies sued NOAA and participated in an MSC workshop held in London NMFS over their refusal to enforce the permit in early June, where she gave a presentation on requirements. The lawsuit centers around the cetacean bycatch and problems associated with failure of the agencies to respond to our Freedom fish aggregation devices. of Information Act request for documents related to the agencies’ decision. As of the close of the fiscal year, the case was still pending. Captive cetaceans On July 24, 2017, Kyara, the last orca to be born We are also investigating the death of a seven- at a SeaWorld park, died at three months of year-old bottlenose dolphin in September 2017 age. She was the granddaughter of Tilikum, the at Dolphinaris, a commercial swim-with-the- orca who killed trainer Dawn Brancheau and dolphins facility near Scottsdale, Arizona. was subsequently featured in the documentary Blackfish—who had himself died less than seven months earlier. Endangered species In response to a 2016 petition by AWI and allies, The following month, AWI requested access NMFS agreed in May 2018 to list the Taiwanese to the necropsy results for Kyara, Tilikum, and white dolphin (Sousa chinensis taiwanensis) Kasatka (another recently deceased orca), all of as endangered under the ESA. This important whom purportedly died of lung infections—a decision enables the United States to provide common malady in captive whales. The necropsy technical expertise and resources to help results could shed light on the lives and deaths mitigate the threats the dolphins face along of these animals and provide scientists, including Taiwan’s densely populated western coast. those involved in rescuing stranded whales These threats include gillnet fishing, pollution, and dolphins, with important information boat traffic, onshore development, and the on treatments, diagnoses, and prognoses. potential construction of offshore wind farms. SeaWorld’s public display permits, issued under Last year, Naomi participated in an international the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), workshop in Taiwan to assess the impacts of require the company to provide the public with several large offshore wind farms proposed complete veterinary records and necropsy results. within the dolphin’s habitat. She presented the workshop’s deliberations and concerns to the SeaWorld, however, rebuffed AWI’s request, IWC Scientific Committee—which then issued claiming the necropsy files contained proprietary strong recommendations to Taiwanese authorities information. The National Oceanic and to address potential harm to the species in their Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the evaluations of wind farm proposals. National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)

22 23 Government Affairs Since the 1950s, AWI has been a leader, at both federal and state levels, in securing landmark laws aimed at shielding animals from cruelty and needless suff ering. We work to ensure diligent enforcement of these laws and fi ght eff orts to roll back hard-won animal protections.

24 Federal legislation behest of Rep. Steve King (R-IA) to the version The nation’s most vital animal protection laws of the bill that narrowly passed the House in came under heavy assault throughout the late June 2018 would nullify many state laws year from within Congress. Scores of bills and enacted to protect animals in agriculture and amendments were proposed to substantially other forms of commerce. (King’s interest is in undermine the critical protections provided under preventing other states from barring animals the ESA, MMPA, and other long-standing laws. and animal products produced in Iowa’s factory farms and puppy mills.) Other provisions of Legislators beholden to the fossil fuel industry the House farm bill would exempt federal set their sights on the MMPA in order to expand agencies from consulting with the USFWS (as off shore exploration and drilling. One bill, the currently required under the ESA) on projects Streamlining Environmental Approvals (SEA) that might aff ect imperiled species, and shield Act, HR 3133, would gut core provisions of the pesticide manufacturers and end users from any MMPA to fast-track activities such as seismic liability for harming endangered species—with airgun surveys—which involve deafening blasts potentially devastating consequences for vital that injure and kill hundreds of thousands of pollinators and other species. cetaceans and other marine animals. Working with the bipartisan Congressional As the SEA Act and other bills designed to Animal Protection Caucus, AWI hosted a briefi ng weaken the MMPA were introduced, AWI and for members of Congress and staff on the King eight other environmental and animal welfare amendment. In the end, we were able to keep it groups ascended Capitol Hill to host a Lobby and other harmful House provisions out of the Day and reception on November 15, 2017, to Senate version of the bill and, as the fi scal year celebrate the 45th anniversary of the law’s ended, we were seeking to ensure that such passage. Scientists, business leaders, local language is left off the fi nal negotiated bill. We government offi cials, and marine advocates were also urging lawmakers to retain a number of from coastal states came to Washington, DC, to benefi cial provisions (from either version of the meet with legislators and urge them to defend bill)—including a prohibition on the slaughter of the MMPA. AWI’s Dr. Naomi Rose shepherded dogs and cats for human consumption, language the contingent from Florida, a key state in the to extend the federal prohibition on animal battle against opening up the Atlantic coast to fi ghting to US territories, and language from the seismic surveys. The day ended with a packed Pet and Women Safety Act that would make more reception, attended by members of Congress resources available to meet the housing needs of and staff , regulatory offi cials, and marine domestic violence survivors with pets. advocates, including actress/singer Miranda Cosgrove and Dr. Lee Talbot, one of the original During the year, AWI worked to get several authors of the law. positive animal welfare bills introduced or reintroduced. One such bill is the Big Cat Public The agriculture appropriations bill (a.k.a. the Safety Act (S 2990/HR 1818), introduced in the “farm bill”), unfortunately, provided another Senate by Sen. Richard Blumenthal (D-CT), avenue for attacks on animal protections. Of which would prohibit the keeping of lions, particular note, an amendment inserted at the tigers, and other big cats as pets. (The House

25 version was introduced by Reps. Jeff Denham State bills (R-CA), Walter Jones (R-NC), and Niki Tsongas In Illinois, AWI was instrumental in getting (D-MA) prior to the start of this fiscal year.) the Ivory Ban Act passed in May 2018. This Another was the Refuge from Cruel Trapping important new law prohibits the sale of elephant Act (S 1919/HR 1438), introduced by Sen. Cory ivory and rhino horn in the state. We worked Booker (D-NJ) in the Senate and Rep. Nita with legislators, lined up local support, and Lowey (D-NY) in the House. This bill would testified in favor of the bill to help secure its prohibit the possession or use of body-gripping passage. (Following the close of the fiscal year, traps within the National Wildlife Refuge Gov. Bruce Rauner signed it into law.) Such System. And in June 2018, AWI, as part of a state laws are important because federal law coalition of NGOs, lobbied numerous members addresses only interstate commerce in ivory and of Congress to build support for the Chemical horn. It does not govern sales that take place Poisons Reduction Act (HR 1817), a bill that solely within one state—leaving open an avenue would ban Wildlife Services from using M-44 for traffickers to launder illegally acquired cyanide devices to kill predators. ivory and horn and contribute to the continued slaughter of elephants and rhinos in Africa. There were several wins for animals in an Illinois now joins seven other states (California, omnibus appropriations bill that passed in March Hawaii, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, 2018 to fund the federal government through and Washington) that have passed similar laws the end of its fiscal year. The bill included to restrict or ban the sale of ivory and rhino horn measures to prevent the revival of the horse within their borders. slaughter industry in the United States, prohibit the sale for slaughter in Mexico and Canada of In Ohio and Indiana, AWI played a major role in wild horses and burros, and bar the licensing helping to defeat proposals to establish bobcat of “Class B” dealers who acquire dogs and cats trapping and hunting seasons. We provided from random sources and sell them for use in comments and rallied fierce opposition from our experiments—all issues upon which AWI has members in both states. As a result, the Indiana worked extensively. Furthermore, the omnibus Natural Resources Commission withdrew its included funding for the Marine Mammal proposed bobcat trapping and hunting season Commission, an independent agency mandated at the commission’s May 15 meeting. Indiana by the MMPA to further the conservation of Department of Natural Resources Director marine mammals and habitat (thus countering Cameron Clark said, “We have heard from you,” the Trump administration’s proposed budget, in direct acknowledgment of the public outcry which had zeroed out funding for the agency). and its influence on the decision. Two days later And, despite concerted efforts by the determined at an Ohio Wildlife Council meeting, the council anti-wildlife faction in Congress, the omnibus voted 6–1 to indefinitely postpone that state’s bill did not include language that would have proposed bobcat trapping season as well. gutted core provisions of the ESA and denied protections for the gray wolf, lesser prairie- chicken, and Preble’s jumping mouse.

26 27 AW I Quarterly

The AWI Quarterly magazine is distributed to over 43,000 individuals and organizations, including public libraries, deans of medical and veterinary schools, laboratory technicians, scientists, farmers, teachers, law enforcement officers, shelters, animal protection organizations, members of Congress, and AWI members. The following are summaries of some of the articles featured in the magazine this fiscal year.

28 Fall 2017 VOLUME 66, NUMBER 3

The USFWS has proposed a significant reduction the use of M-44 cyanide devices in Wyoming. The in the range of the existing wild population of red petition was prompted by recent tragic incidents wolves. The agency plans to remove individual involving the devices—including the agonizing death wolves from the wild to increase the captive breeding of two dogs after one triggered an M-44 while the two population—something the scientific community has were out walking with their families. Every year, M-44s said is unnecessary and harmful to red wolf survival. kill thousands of animals, many of whom are not even Due to the USFWS’ gross neglect, the once-growing the intended targets. population is now in such dire condition that leading scientists have said that continuing to manage in this From early June to mid-July 2017, eight North Atlantic manner would likely lead to the species’ disappearance right whales died—a serious blow to a population that from the wild within eight years. numbers roughly 500. Three of the whales appear to have been hit by ships, while at least one died due to After the Vermont Packinghouse received four drowning in snow crab gear. A staggering 83 percent of suspensions and over a dozen noncompliance records North Atlantic right whales display scars or carry ropes for humane slaughter violations within one year, AWI indicative of past entanglements. July brought further called on the Vermont agriculture agency to take tragic news: Joe Howlett was inadvertently struck and strong action. The agency subsequently assessed killed by the tail of a diving right whale he had just penalties totaling $1,500 and required the plant to released from fishing gear. Howlett was a founding undergo an independent third-party audit—after member of the Campobello Whale Rescue Team. which the plant must update its written humane handling plan to include recommendations made in the In an important win for ocelots, AWI and the Center for audit. This is the first instance of Vermont imposing Biological Diversity reached a settlement with USDA- penalties under its humane slaughter law. APHIS and the USFWS whereby the agencies must examine the threat posed by the USDA-APHIS Wildlife Carter and Olivia Ries launched One More Generation Services program to ocelots in Arizona and Texas. AWI in 2009, when they were still in grade school, to and the Center filed suit after Wildlife Services failed educate children and adults about the plight of to consult with the USFWS to determine the effect endangered species. Thomas Ponce founded Lobby for its predator control activity had on these endangered Animals four years ago when he was 12 to help people animals—a requirement under the ESA. take action on issues affecting farmed animals, pets, animals used in entertainment, animal testing, and Four more individuals have been convicted in the more. Hannah Testa of Hannah4Change started getting multijurisdictional cockfighting case centered on the involved at the age of 10 to educate consumers and Big Blue Sportsman’s Club in eastern Kentucky, where businesses about the dire effects of plastic pollution. cockfights had been held for more than 20 years. All are part of a growing cadre of amazing youth who Previously, Virginia Attorney General Mark Herring have formed their own organizations to take on tough and the US Department of Justice secured convictions animal welfare and environmental issues. and prison sentences for five other defendants. Among the four most recently convicted are Big Blue AWI and allies have petitioned the USDA-APHIS owners Shirley Ray Slone and Vernon Kelly Slone, who Wildlife Services program and the Wyoming forfeited $100,000 and were required to pay for the Department of Agriculture for an immediate ban on destruction of the club’s facility.

29 AWI and others in the animal protection community consider the thousands of dollars in medical bills the have long maintained that the tank for Lolita—an plaintiff accrued to treat the dog’s injuries. The three- orca who has languished at the Miami Seaquarium judge panel concluded that “pets do not have the same for 45 years—does not meet the minimum space characteristics as other forms of personal property, requirements for her species such as a table or sofa which is under US law. In June 2017, disposable and replaceable at the USDA’s Office of Inspector our convenience.” General (OIG) issued the findings of an audit that AWI mourns the loss of essentially agreed with our renowned author and naturalist assertion. The OIG asked Hope Ryden, who died in June at USDA-APHIS to clarify the age of 87. Hope served many how Lolita’s tank meets the years on the board of trustees minimum space requirements. of AWI’s Society for Animal The agency responded, Protective Legislation and later unfortunately, by referencing a on AWI’s Scientific Committee. nearly-four-decade-old agency She spent decades gathering document that had no actual data and writing eloquently relevance to Lolita’s tank. about wild horses, coyotes, beavers, and other wildlife. A growing body of case law Among her many contributions acknowledges that companion to animal protection: A 1968 animals are not mere property. news segment she produced One striking example: Ohio’s Sixth District Court on Bureau of Land Management plans to round up of Appeals ruled last year that a trial court erred in wild horses helped lead to establishment of the Pryor limiting damages to the market value of a dog severely Mountain Wild Horse Range and enactment of the Wild injured by another dog in an attack—rather than and Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971.

Winter 2017 VOLUME 66, NUMBER 4

For some wild animals, getting rescued from currently required of legal animal traders. We support traffickers is just the start of another ordeal. For the establishment of an international network of CITES- most part, “disposal” of confiscated wild animals is a credentialed wildlife rescue centers and sanctuaries. matter of individual national laws or agency policies. Some countries place them in proper sanctuaries The Trader Joe’s grocery chain announced in October while others send them to less ideal captive facilities, 2017 that it would stop sourcing shrimp from Mexico or even sell or euthanize them. AWI believes that in response to a request from the Boycott Mexican government wildlife law enforcement agencies should Shrimp campaign, led by AWI and allies. The boycott be held to at least the same animal welfare standards is intended to pressure the Mexican government to

30 take stronger steps to protect the vaquita porpoise— French group One Voice invited Dr. Ingrid Visser including a permanent ban on all gillnet fishing, removal and AWI’s Dr. Naomi Rose (separately) to visit and of illegal nets from the water, and significantly increased evaluate conditions at French dolphinariums. Their enforcement efforts. Trader Joe’s announcement reports prompted One Voice to file a complaint with received wide coverage in the Mexican media. government authorities about the conditions and push for improvements to the standards. In October 2017, California became the first state in the nation to ban the sale of commercially bred pets in With funding from an AWI Christine Stevens Wildlife pet stores. By January 1, 2019, stores in California will Award and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife be prohibited from selling any dog, cat, or rabbit unless (ODFW), Suzanne Stone tested whether the “Foxlight” the animal was obtained from a shelter, rescue group, (a device with random flashing lights invented by or public animal control agency. Assemblymember Australian Ian Whalan to protect his lambs from foxes) Patrick O’Donnell—who coauthored the bill with could deter wolves from preying on livestock in the Assemblymember Matt Dababneh—said the law western United States. When used sparingly to avoid (which passed the Assembly 55­–11 and the Senate habituation, the Foxlights did indeed help keep the 38–0) “gives so many shelter animals the chance to wolves at bay. Stone’s findings prompted the ODFW find their forever homes, while simultaneously cutting and other state wildlife agencies to recommend off the outlet for puppy mill animals into our state.” Foxlights as a valuable tool to allow wolves and livestock to peacefully coexist. A fledgling “clean meat” industry is looking to transform the way Seven workers at a Tyson meat is produced by removing factory farm in Virginia the animal altogether— were convicted of cruelty to growing meat straight from animals after an undercover cells, eliminating the need for investigation revealed severe factory farming and all the harm mistreatment of chickens. that comes with it. Replacing In a video, the workers could animals with cell-grown meat be seen throwing, punching, would mean billions of animals kicking, swinging, and shoving would no longer languish in chickens into sheds and cages. overcrowded industrial facilities. Overall, convictions under Additionally, clean meat doesn’t cruelty statutes are still rare, require use of antibiotics and and punishments are often has an exponentially smaller minor—even when the actions environmental impact than involve intentional acts of conventional animal agriculture. shocking cruelty. AWI supports While this sounds futuristic, stronger enforcement of state production is already well underway. animal cruelty laws and wider application of such laws to cover treatment of animals on farms. France has become the first country to pass a ban on the breeding of cetaceans. The decree also The USFWS ruled in October against adding the Pacific prohibits the display of any cetaceans not held at walrus to the list of threatened and endangered species the time the ban was enacted and establishes a under the ESA. The species had been placed on an ESA series of operational and maintenance standards candidate list in 2011 by the Obama administration. that all cetacean facilities must meet. In 2016, Despite the fact that sea ice—on which walruses

31 depend for all their vital behaviors—has been receding state wildlife agencies to come up with procedures for dramatically, the USFWS chose to place an arbitrary communities and land owners to follow that allow local limit on how far into the future population trends could management of deer with contraceptives.” be projected when making listing decisions, and thus denied protection for the walrus. Despite widespread opposition and controversy, planning for President Trump’s border wall is moving The Environmental Protection Agency has approved forward: Just five days after Trump took office, an ZonaStat-D to manage deer populations—a executive order authorizing it was signed. The order major victory for scientists (including the late Dr. attempts to waive federal regulations designed to Jay Kirkpatrick) who spent years researching and protect wildlife and the environment. National wildlife developing humane, nonlethal, and effective ways refuges are among the federally protected lands that to mitigate human-wildlife conflict. One longtime the wall would cross. Experts have estimated that immunocontraceptive researcher called it “a huge more than 100 endangered species will be put at risk, step in moving deer contraception from research to including jaguars, ocelots, jaguarundis, Mexican gray management, adding that “pressure will mount on the wolves, desert bighorn sheep, and pronghorn antelopes.

Spring 2018 VOLUME 67, NUMBER 1

Anthropogenic ocean noise, generated by the military, Airlines. The effect is significant: Most hunters won’t the oil and gas industry, commercial shipping, and go through the expense and effort of traveling great other sources, is increasing at an alarming rate and distances to kill a majestic animal if they can’t find a poses a significant threat to marine ecosystems. AWI way to cart home a grisly souvenir of the deed. and allies have repeatedly pressed the United Nations to take up the issue. We were heartened, therefore, The end of cruel confinement methods for veal calves that the UN Informal Consultative Process on Oceans in the United States is drawing ever closer. In 2007, and the Law of the Sea chose to devote an entire the American Veal Association (AVA) pledged to week of meetings in June 2018 to the subject—with transition away from solitary crates and neck tethers AWI involved in the deliberations. The meetings’ to group housing for veal calves by the end of 2017. conclusions were to be presented in the fall to the UN The AVA has since confirmed that all its members General Assembly for appropriate action. successfully completed the transition. In 2018, veal crate bans went into effect in Ohio and Kentucky. Amidst public condemnation of trophy hunting, Seven other states—Arizona, California, Colorado, major US airlines Delta, United, and American have Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, and Rhode Island— all discontinued carriage of hunting trophies from have also committed to banning veal crates. Africa’s “big five”—elephants, rhinoceroses, lions, leopards, and buffaloes. European airlines such as Air In 2012, the Los Angeles Food Policy Council developed France, KLM, British, and Lufthansa have even more the Good Food Purchasing Program (GFPP) to comprehensive policies against transport of trophies. transform the city’s food purchasing system into a more Likewise for Hong Kong–based Cathay Pacific sustainable model that prioritizes the environment,

32 animal welfare, and the local economy. On animal by Virginia’s attorney general. Since then, Missouri welfare, it calls for the use of suppliers that are third- and New York have added such units, with more party certified for higher-welfare practices and/or the states expected to follow. At the local level, at least replacement of some animal products with equivalent 13 district attorneys’ offices and a growing number plant-based protein. The GFPP has been approved by of municipal police departments—Los Angeles, Las the City of Los Angeles, the Los Angeles Unified School Vegas, and El Paso to name a few—now have special District, and a number of other jurisdictions in and out animal cruelty crime units. of California. AWI is part of a coalition of stakeholders promoting its adoption in Washington, DC. Costa Rica has enacted a new set of wildlife regulations that are among the most progressive On January 18, the Vancouver Aquarium finally in the world. The new rules prohibit trade in wild announced that it would no longer display cetaceans pets—both wild-caught and captive-bred wild once its last one—a Pacific white-sided dolphin— animals. Animals seized from traffickers are to go to dies or is transferred elsewhere. Over the course of a credentialed rescue centers only. Zoos are required year, two beluga whales, a rescued harbor porpoise, to “provide animals with conditions similar to those of and a false killer whale died at the aquarium, leaving their natural habitat” that stimulate their “exploratory the dolphin alone. Now, the sole Canadian facility behavior, natural instincts, and social life.” And in with no plans to end the human-wildlife conflicts, lethal captive display of cetaceans solutions are allowed only when is Ontario’s Marineland, which no alternative nonlethal means holds more than 50 belugas, a are available. few bottlenose dolphins, and a solitary orca. Each year, millions of Australia’s kangaroos are gunned down A discussion took place on by hunters for their hides and AWI’s Laboratory Animal meat. What began as a cull Refinement and Enrichment to control kangaroos wrongly Forum this past December blamed for competing with on whether talking to animals livestock for grass has become in a laboratory setting helps a profit-driven commercial reduce their stress. Several enterprise. As profits have individuals chimed in to share grown, so have efforts by their experiences, and all agreed politicians to protect and that talking to the animals—in promote the industry, by a tone moderated to fit the industry representatives to species, the procedure, and the sell it as sustainable, and by mood of the animals that day—helps them remain bureaucrats and government scientists to ensure high calm. Several agreed that always “announcing” a kill quotas. The situation is chronicled in grim detail in particular procedure makes it more predictable for the the documentary Kangaroo: A Love-Hate Story. animals, reducing stress and improving data reliability. A growing number of jurisdictions are banning the One of the latest signs that law enforcement agencies use of wild animals in circuses. In August 2017, Illinois are taking animal cruelty more seriously is the uptick became the first state to ban the use of elephants in in the creation of animal cruelty units. The first state- circuses and other traveling exhibits. Shortly thereafter, level special animal unit was created in January 2015 the state of New York did the same. Meanwhile, New

33 York City, Los Angeles, and Portland, Maine, all enacted next three decades with the Liebel family’s circus—an measures to ban the use of any wild or exotic animals operation that (under various names) has reportedly in circuses. Portland’s Health and Human Services racked up over 200 AWA violations involving Nosey Committee, noting the shift in public attitudes, stated and various other animals. In October 2017, an animal that “performances are now often viewed as acts of control officer in Alabama went to check on Nosey. cruelty to the captive animals involved.” What she encountered—a solitary, sick, underfed, arthritic elephant standing in feces in a too-small Nosey the elephant has finally been freed from her trailer—resulted in Nosey’s removal from the circus chains. Nosey was stolen from her Zimbabwe family and temporary placement in the Elephant Sanctuary in 1982 at the age of two. She was shipped to Florida, in central Tennessee. In January, a district court judge eventually purchased by Hugo Liebel, and spent the made the move permanent.

Summer 2018 VOLUME 67, NUMBER 2

AWI and other groups filed suit against several federal Perdue Farms has become the first major US poultry agencies in December 2017 in a move to save the producer to commit to stunning with gas, known vaquita porpoise in Mexico’s Gulf of California. The as controlled atmosphere stunning (CAS), at all vaquita population’s precipitous decline is attributable of its chicken slaughter plants. CAS is considered to incidental entanglement and drowning in gillnet less stressful to birds than the industry’s standard fishing gear set to catch various commercial fish practice of electric stunning, which involves shackling species in Mexico. AWI believes that, under the conscious birds by their legs, hanging them upside MMPA, the United States has an obligation to ban the down, and running their heads through an electrified import of fish and fish products from Mexico caught water bath. Perdue is also implementing a process with gillnets. Without this ban, the vaquita is predicted that allows trucks to deliver birds in redesigned crates to soon be extinct. to a fully enclosed, temperature-controlled holding area prior to slaughter to prevent deaths by exposure. With assistance from a Christine Stevens Wildlife Award from AWI, Sky Mountain Wild Horse In 2014, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute Sanctuary and Dr. Allen Rutberg of Tufts University (LRRI) in Albuquerque, New Mexico, conducted diesel are testing noninvasive methods for surveying wild fume tests on Volkswagen Beetles. Ten cynomolgus horse bands in New Mexico. Detailed descriptions of monkeys were placed in airtight chambers to inhale each band and its individual members are obtained diesel exhaust for four hours—inhumane tests that using images from trail cameras, video, and on- were condemned by many, including the German the-ground observation—all without the use of government. Since 2011, the LRRI has been fined and helicopter surveys that are difficult in forested areas cited numerous times for AWA violations. To make and highly stressful for the horses. The data will matters worse, the tests were rigged by Volkswagen, be especially useful for improving the efficiency which secretly equipped the car with a “defeat” of immunocontraceptives, a minimally invasive device that would lower emissions when the software management tool for wildlife population control. detected the car was being tested.

34 Scientists at the University of Washington are reporting of Inspector General indicates a subset of these that bowhead whales, like humpbacks, are impressive dogs—tactical explosive detection dogs (TEDDs)— sea songsters. But bowheads seem to follow fewer has been slipping through the cracks. The inspector rules than humpbacks. The scientists compare the general found that the TEDD contractor mishandled bowhead’s free-form songs to riffing jazz musicians. the dogs, often adopting them out without giving their Over three years, an underwater handlers—with whom they microphone captured 184 had formed strong bonds—the distinct bowhead whale songs opportunity to adopt them and from a small population along without screening potential the whales’ polar migratory owners. Disposition records routes. The researchers surmise were incomplete or missing, and that each male has a different some dogs were left languishing song and that it changes from in cages for nearly a year. season to season. The New York Pigeon: Behind A Minnesota wolf died this the Feathers is a book dedicated February after a horrible to a bird that doesn’t always encounter with a strangling get much love. Professional snare. The wolf, investigating the photographer Andrew Garn, baited snare (which is legal to set who volunteers for the Wild for coyotes in the state), ended Bird Fund (WBF), chronicles the up with the wire wrapped tightly pigeon’s history of cohabitating around his muzzle, cutting into with humans. He provides a his flesh. When he wandered into look at their physiology and Duluth, officers initially tried to assist him but eventually touts their underrated intelligence. But the book’s decided they had to euthanize him. Wildwoods, a local main feature is its beautiful pigeon portraits. Garn wildlife rehabilitator, reported that the animal “had shows the birds gracefully navigating “the canyons been starving, and was a skeleton of fur and bones.” of the city” and—in studio portraits of injured or Wildwoods is calling for a ban on such snares. poisoned birds in rehab with WBF—in all their multihued glory. Working Dogs for Conservation (WDC) received a Christine Stevens Wildlife Award from AWI to help Envelopes with white powder and a threatening the organization search for signs of anticoagulant message were sent to two people associated with rodenticide in the territory of endangered San Matthew Block, founder of Worldwide Primates, which Joaquin kit foxes. WDC’s dogs are trained to locate imports primates for research. Block then sought a fox scat, which is then tested for the poison. Three permanent restraining order against the animal rights generations of WDC dogs have sniffed out scat activists who appeared to have sent the letters. But samples that reveal key information on the kit fox it turns out Block himself sent the letters with the population—work that helped lead to the purchase (nonhazardous) white powder to frame the activists. and permanent protection of vital habitat and buffer He pleaded guilty to a federal charge of intentionally areas in the San Joaquin Valley. conveying false information through the mail and agreed to serve five years of probation and pay Despite laws to improve the post-deployment $14,872 in restitution for the police investigation. treatment of military working dogs, a recently released audit by the Department of Defense Office

35 All meetings held in Washington, DC, unless otherwise noted Speeches & Meetings

2017 D.J. Schubert participated in the Bill Clark participated in New 29th meeting of the CITES Animals York’s second Ivory Crush, in which D.J. Schubert met with Mexico’s Committee; Geneva, Switzerland; more than two tons of contraband delegation at the 41st session of July 18–22 ivory were destroyed; New York, the World Heritage Committee NY; August 3 (WHC) to discuss vaquita Sue Fisher co-organized and conservation; met with WHC gave a presentation on the Dena Jones met with Rosalyn members regarding an “in danger” role of cetaceans in ecosystem Murphy-Jenkins and Jeff Canavan, designation for the Islands and function at a workshop during director and assistant director Protected Areas of the Gulf of the International Congress for of the USDA Food Safety and California World Heritage site; Conservation Biology; Cartagena, Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) Krakow, Poland; July 2–8 Columbia; July 26 Labeling and Program Delivery

36 office to discuss the approval Incorporating Animal Abuse into Agencies” panel discussion; process for animal-raising claims the Family Violence Paradigm” at Virginia Beach, VA; October 18–19 on food packaging; August 16 the 22nd International Summit on Violence, Abuse and Trauma; San Kate O’Connell and Naomi Cathy Liss and Nadia Adawi had Diego, CA; September 24–27 Rose participated in the Society an introductory meeting with Greg for Marine Mammalogy’s 22nd Sheehan, principal deputy director Bill Clark and D.J. Schubert Biennial Conference on the of the USFWS; September 1 participated in a meeting with Biology of Marine Mammals and Ambassador Robinson Njeru various side meetings; Kate gave Bill Clark met with Shaul Goldstein, Githae of Kenya to discuss Kenya’s a presentation at the “Marine director general of the Israel votes during the 66th meeting of Mammal Bycatch in Global Nature and Parks Authority (INPA); the IWC; September 26 Fisheries” workshop; Naomi co- Rony Malka, director of INPA’s law organized and gave a presentation enforcement division; Ambassador Nadia Adawi, Nancy Blaney, and at the “Sanctuaries: A New Gideon Behar of the Israel Foreign Cathy Liss met with Bernadette Seascape for Captive Cetaceans” Ministry; and Prof. Gila Kahila Juarez, deputy administrator workshop; Halifax, Canada; Bar-Gal of the Hebrew University of the USDA-APHIS Animal October 20–29 of Jerusalem to discuss assistance Care program, regarding AWA with AWI wildlife restoration and enforcement; October 4 AWI board of directors meetings; protection projects in Senegal and October 26, 2017; April 3, 2018; Kenya; Jerusalem and Rehovot, D.J. Schubert gave a presentation and June 8, 2018 Israel; September 4–7 on CITES and trophy hunting; Animal Welfare and International Naomi Rose gave a presentation Bill Clark met with Tamar Law Seminar; Lincoln, United on marine mammal policy; James Fredman, director of the Israeli Kingdom; October 10–12 Madison University; Harrisonburg, Primate Sanctuary Foundation, to VA; November 6 discuss care of more than 1,800 Kate O’Connell participated in macaques rescued from a dealer; the Arctic Circle Assembly to Regina Terlau hosted a booth Kfar Daniel, Israel; September 8 advocate for protection of Arctic on humane education at the marine habitat; Reykjavík, Iceland; Conference for the Advancement Naomi Rose participated in a October 12–17 of Science Teaching; Houston, TX; workshop on sanctuary and other November 9–17 options for dolphins at Barcelona Cathy Liss staffed an AWI exhibit City Zoo in preparation for the on improving the housing, Naomi Rose hosted the Florida close of the zoo’s dolphin exhibit; handling, and care of animals in delegation during the MMPA Barcelona, Spain; September 14–16 research; American Association for Lobby Day and reception on Laboratory Animal Science National Capitol Hill; November 15 Ryan Ososki and D.J. Schubert Meeting; Austin, TX; October 16–18 participated in the Homes for Nancy Blaney and Mary Lou Horses Coalition Conference; D.J. Nancy Blaney and Mary Lou Randour participated in the gave a presentation on the Bureau Randour participated in the 7th National Animal Cruelty of Land Management Wild Horse National Animal Care & Control Prosecution Conference; Portland, and Burro Program; Los Angeles, Association Training Conference; OR; November 15–17 CA; September 23–24 Mary Lou gave a presentation on reporting animal abuse crimes Alicia Prygoski testified before Nancy Blaney and Mary within NIBRS; Nancy organized the DC Council’s Committee on Lou Randour co-organized and participated in an “Increasing Education regarding the Good and participated in a panel Collaboration Among Animal Food Purchasing Program; discussion entitled “The Case for Welfare and Domestic Violence November 16

37 Bill Clark met with Matt Luizza, Kate O’Connell met with Rebecca Environmental Law Conference; AAAS fellow with the USFWS Lent, IWC executive secretary; Eugene, OR; March 1–4 International Affairs program, Caterina Fortuna, chair of the to discuss the AWI wildlife IWC Scientific Committee; Dena Jones and Erin Thompson restoration project in Senegal; Marguerite Tarzia, IWC bycatch met with USDA-FSIS officials Falls Church, VA; November 21 mitigation coordinator; and Sarah to discuss the investigation and Ferriss, IWC head of programme prosecution of federal humane Sue Fisher and D.J. Schubert development; Cambridge, United slaughter violators; March 6 participated in the 69th meeting of Kingdom; February 7 the CITES Standing Committee; Bill Clark attended a Geneva, Switzerland; November Nancy Blaney and Cathy Liss congressional briefing entitled 27–December 1 attended the USDA-APHIS' Use “Effective Non-Lethal Methods of Third Party Inspection and for Protecting Livestock from Dena Jones and Alicia Prygoski Certification Program Listening Predators”; March 6 met with Gary Egrie, USDA-APHIS Session; Cathy gave a statement farm animal welfare coordinator, urging strong AWA compliance Dena Jones and Erin Thompson to discuss international animal oversight by the USDA; Riverdale, met with Roberta Wagner, welfare standards for egg-laying MD; February 8 USDA-FSIS deputy assistant hens; December 4 administrator, on humane Kate O’Connell met with various slaughter enforcement and food countries’ representatives to labeling policy; March 8 the United Nations Educational, 2018 Scientific and Cultural Organization Kate O’Connell attended Seafood to discuss vaquita conservation and Expo North America; met with Cathy Liss and Nancy Blaney potential “in danger” designation Mexican government officials to attended and Cathy provided a for the Islands and Protected discuss vaquita conservation; met statement at the NIH-USDA-FDA Areas of the Gulf of California with Icelandic government officials 21st Century Cures Act Listening World Heritage site; Paris, France; to discuss concerns about whaling; Session on Animal Research; February 8–9 met with MSC representatives to January 9 discuss seafood certification and Naomi Rose gave a presentation bycatch; Boston, MA; March 11–12 Naomi Rose participated in a to legislators from Mexico’s question and answer session Chamber of Deputies (lower Regina Terlau staffed an AWI after a screening of Blackfish to house) in support of a bill to ban booth on endangered species, encourage passage of the Florida the breeding of captive cetaceans; humane education, and dissection Orca Protection Act; Tallahassee, Mexico City, Mexico; February 21 alternatives at the National FL; February 5 Science Teachers Association Nancy Blaney hosted an Association National Conference; Atlanta, GA; Kate O’Connell met with Andy of Prosecuting Attorneys webinar March 15–17 Hickman, Tesco’s responsible on animal cruelty crimes involving sourcing manager–seafood, and birds; February 23 Bill Clark met with Major Scott Jeremy Roland Langley, Waitrose’s Florence and other environmental aquaculture and fisheries manager, Tara Zuardo participated in panel conservation police officers from to discuss the “Don’t Buy from discussions entitled “Ending the New York State Department Icelandic Whalers” campaign and the War on Wildlife: Using Legal of Environmental Conservation the MSC bycatch initiative; met Tools to Reform APHIS-Wildlife to discuss logistical support for with Pippa Kohn, MSC fisheries Services” and “Using U.S. Laws the Kenya Wildlife Service Law assessment manager; London, to Curb Harmful International Enforcement Academy; New York, United Kingdom; February 6 Wildlife Trade”; Public Interest NY; March 21

38 Kate O’Connell participated in Kate O’Connell attended Seafood Cathy Liss staffed an AWI exhibit a panel discussion on vaquita Expo Global; met with industry at the 5th Annual Symposium on conservation following a screening representatives regarding Social Housing of Laboratory of the documentary Souls of Icelandic whaling; met with Animals; National Agricultural the Vermilion Sea co-hosted by MSC representatives regarding Library; Beltsville, MD; June 4–5 Arizona State University’s Center dolphin bycatch and right whale for Biodiversity Outcomes; Tempe, entanglement; organized and co- Alicia Prygoski attended the AZ; March 25 chaired a roundtable discussion annual NFPA Conference & Expo among NGOs on MSC certification; to speak with fire safety experts Naomi Rose gave a presentation Brussels, Belgium; April 24–26 about the most effective ways to to a Women Working for Oceans protect farm animals from fires; event on War of the Whales: A True Dena Jones and Alicia Prygoski Las Vegas, NV; June 11–14 Story by Joshua Horwitz, about helped organize and participated naval sonar and whale strandings; in a stakeholder meeting with Susan Millward and D.J. Schubert Boston, MA; March 27 Paul Kiecker, USDA-FSIS met with Rebecca Lent, IWC acting administrator, to discuss executive secretary, to discuss Naomi Rose gave a presentation enforcement of federal humane whaling issues in advance of the on marine mammal policy; Tufts slaughter laws; May 1 67th meeting of the IWC; June 14 University; Boston, MA; April 1 D.J. Schubert participated in the Cathy Liss toured a commercial Naomi participated in and served “Urban Deer Fertility Control” dog-breeding facility with Secretary as rapporteur for the IWC’s workshop and met with residents of Agriculture Sonny Perdue, USDA “Modeling and Assessment of the of Fire Island to discuss deer staff, Lara Trump, and media Whalewatch Industry” workshop; management; Tarrytown, NY; May 2 representatives and participated La Spezia, Italy; April 6–8 in a discussion on the USDA’s AWI co-hosted a Congressional regulation of licensed dog-breeding AWI hosted a ceremony to award Animal Protection Caucus briefing operations; Clement, MD; June 18 the Schweitzer Medal to Samuel K on the threat to animal welfare Wasser; April 10 posed by the King amendment to Nancy Blaney and Mary Lou the farm bill; May 9 Randour participated in the annual Sue Fisher and DJ Schubert meeting of the National Coalition participated in an IWC ASW Nancy Blaney participated in a on Violence Against Animals; New Working Group workshop; panel discussion and media event Orleans, LA; June 18 Utqiagvik, AK; April 10–13 to announce the development and construction of the Urban D.J. Schubert participated in a AWI staff members participated in Resource Institute’s PALS meeting with Madeleine Urbish the annual Anacostia River Earth Place—a shelter specifically and others from Gov. Phil Day Cleanup event; April 21 designed to co-house domestic Murphy's office to discuss black violence victims and their pets; bear hunt and animal trapping; Naomi Rose participated in New York, NY; May 30 Trenton, NJ; June 20 meetings of the IWC Scientific Committee, the Sub-committee Nancy Blaney and Cathy Liss D.J. Schubert met with WHC on Whalewatching (also serving participated in a meeting of USDA members to discuss an “in as rapporteur), the Standing staff and animal protection group danger” designation for the Group on Environmental representatives on the USDA's Islands and Protected Areas of the Concerns, and the Standing Sub- administration and enforcement of Gulf of California World Heritage committee on Small Cetaceans; the AWA and the Horse Protection site; 42nd WHC Meeting; Manama, Bled, Slovenia; April 21–May 8 Act; Riverdale, MD; June 1 Bahrain; June 23–30

39 Statement of Activities and Changes in Net Assets

YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2018 2017 CHANGES IN UNRESTRICTED NET ASSETS: REVENUES: Contributions - Foundations and trusts $ 884,676 $ 569,587 - Legacies and bequests 1,689,810 1,874,260 - Memberships and other 1,826,225 1,511,840 Tenants net rental income 66,605 78,000 Sale of publications and reports 1,627 1,388 Dividend income 90,461 95,374 Interest income 19,785 1,156 Realized and unrealized gain (loss) on securities 444,180 556,029 5,023,369 4,687,634 NET ASSETS RELEASED FROM RESTRICTIONS: Satisfaction of program restrictions: Roger L Stevens Publication Fund 35,669 28,144 Total net assets released from restrictions 35,669 28,144 Total unrestricted revenues and other support 5,059,038 4,715,778 EXPENSES: Program service 3,264,109 2,457,481 Management and general 261,446 229,117 Fundraising 54,816 50,711 Total expenses 3,580,372 2,737,309 Increase in unrestricted net assets 1,478,666 1,978,469 CHANGES IN TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED NET ASSETS: Net assets released from restrictions (35,669) (28,144) Decrease in temporarily restricted net assets (35,669) (28,144) INCREASE IN NET ASSETS 1,442,997 1,950,325 NET ASSETS - beginning of year 13,367,444 11,417,119 NET ASSETS - end of year $ 14,810,441 $ 13,367,444

40 Statement of Functional Expenses Year Ended June 30, 2018

PROGRAM MGMT & SERVICES GENERAL FUNDRAISING TOTAL Salaries $ 1,350,255 $ 92,772 $ 29,559 $ 1,472,587 Payroll taxes and unemployment insurance 105,148 7,223 2,293 114,663 Employee benefi ts 111,053 11,638 2,425 125,117 Retirement Plan 30,786 4,362 671 35,819 Advertising 52,840 240 2,950 56,030 AWI Quarterlies 187,072 - 3,066 190,138 Printing and publications (except for Quarterlies) 115,954 271 7,804 124,028 Research, writing, and editing 19,547 - - 19,547 Grants 632,542 - - 632,542 Conferences, meetings, and travel 140,741 1,903 7 142,652 Postage, mailing, and addressing costs (except for Quarterlies) 40,197 195 1,140 41,533 Telephone, duplicating, and offi ce supplies 59,678 18,449 326 78,453 Professional services 68,840 25,375 - 94,216 Memberships and subscriptions 17,730 9,001 507 27,237 Consultants 166,299 - - 166,299 Internet services 19,673 - - 19,673 Schweitzer Award 25,520 - - 25,520 Occupancy costs 61,936 30,651 638 93,225

Bank and investment fees - 52,507 - 52,507 Total expenses before depreciation 3,205,811 254,587 51,387 3,511,786 Depreciation 58,298 6,859 3,429 68,586 Total expenses $ 3,264,109 $ 261,446 $ 54,816 $ 3,580,372

A complete fi nancial statement audited by Marks Paneth LLP, Certifi ed Public Accountants, is available from AWI and upon written request from the District of Columbia Department of Consumer and Regulatory Aff airs, Business and Professional Licensing Administration, Corporations Division, P.O. Box 92300, Washington, DC 20090

41 Animal Welfare Institute

Animal Welfare Institute Scientific Committee Ryan Ososki Policy Advisor 900 Pennsylvania Avenue, SE Gerard Bertrand, PhD Washington, DC 20003 Alicia Prygoski Roger Fouts, PhD Farm Animal Policy Associate www.awionline.org Roger Payne, PhD Mary Lou Randour, PhD (202) 337-2332 Samuel Peacock, MD Senior Advisor, Animal Cruelty Program Viktor Reinhardt, DVM, PhD Ava Rinehart @animalwelfareinstitute Robert Schmidt, PhD Senior Graphic Designer @AWIonline John Walsh, MD Naomi Rose, PhD Marine Mammal Scientist @AWIonline D.J. Schubert Staff and Consultants Wildlife Biologist Nadia Adawi, Esq. Regina Terlau-Benford Executive Director/General Counsel Executive Assistant Alexandra Alberg Erin Thompson, Esq. Founder Graphic Designer Staff Attorney, Farm Animal Program Christine Stevens Brittany Bailey Dave Tilford Website and Communications Manager Writer/Editor Nancy Blaney Tara Zuardo, Esq. Directors Director, Government Aff airs Senior Wildlife Attorney Cynthia Wilson, Chair Bill Clark, PhD John W. Boyd, Jr. International Wildlife Program Specialist Jill Carey, CPA Kate Dylewsky Senior Policy Advisor Caroline A. Griffi n, Esq. Sue Fisher Bequests Mary Lee Jensvold, PhD Marine Animal Consultant Cathy Liss Marjorie Fishman If you would like to help assure AWI’s future Chris Miller, DVM Public Relations Manager through a provision in your will, this general form of bequest is suggested: Haley Frevert Membership Coordinator Officers I give, devise and bequeath to the Animal Joanna Grossman, PhD Cathy Liss, President Welfare Institute, located in Washington, DC, Equine Program Manager Cynthia Wilson, Vice President the sum of $ and/or (specifi cally Johanna Hamburger, Esq. described property). Jill Carey, CPA, Treasurer Wildlife Attorney Caroline Griffi n, Esq., Secretary Dena Jones Donations to AWI, a not-for-profi t Director, Farm Animal Program corporation exempt under Internal Revenue International Committee Eric Kleiman Code Section 501(c)(3), are tax-deductible Researcher Aline S. de Aluja, DVM, Mexico (FEIN: 13-5655952). We welcome any Susan Millward inquiries you may have. In cases in which Ambassador Tabarak Husain, Bangladesh Director, Marine Animal Program you have specifi c wishes about the Angela King, United Kingdom Kate O’Connell disposition of your bequest, we suggest you Agnes Van Volkenburgh, DVM, Poland Marine Animal Consultant discuss such provisions with your attorney. Photo Credits elephants: Yva Momatiuk and John Eastcott (Minden Pictures) | fox: Nathan Anderson | sea turtle: Jeremy Bishop | scimitar oryx: Bill Clark | Sam Wasser: Kristina Sherk | dog: Ryan Walton | cat: Eric Han | rats: Alex Smith | guinea pig: Dev Marya | sheep: borchee | turkey: Chris Boswell | tiger: adogslifephoto | dolphins: Wynand Uys | orca: Richard Robinson (Minden Pictures) | owl: Andy Chilton | horse: Peter Kisteman | bears: Adam Willoughby-Knox | whale: Doug Perrine (Minden Pictures) | orangutans: Cyril Ruoso (Minden Pictures) | lion: Denis-Huot (Minden Pictures) | sea turtle: Pete Oxford (Minden Pictures) | leopard: Aurelien Designatic | deer: Nemyrivskyi Viacheslav | frog: Kumiko Shimizu Animal Welfare Institute