DOCSLIB.ORG

Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Bath PHD Remembering your Feet: Imaginings and Lifecourses in Northeast Thailand Upton, Susan Award date: 2010 Awarding institution: University of Bath Link to publication Alternative formats If you require this document in an alternative format, please contact: [email protected] General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 07. Oct. 2021 Remembering your Feet: Imaginings and Lifecourses in Northeast Thailand Susan Upton A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Bath Department of Social and Policy Sciences August 2010 COPYRIGHT Attention is drawn to the fact that copyright of this thesis rests with its author. A copy of this thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and they must not copy it or use material from it except as permitted by law or with the consent of the author. This thesis may be made available for consultation within the University Library and may be photocopied or lent to other libraries for the purposes of consultation. 1 Dedication This thesis is for my mum, Mary. 2 Contents TABLE OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................................................9 MAP OF THAILAND ........................................................................................................................ 11 MAP OF NORTHEAST THAILAND ................................................................................................... 12 MAP OF MUKDAHAN PROVINCE ................................................................................................... 13 MAP OF BAN DONG VILLAGE ........................................................................................................ 14 GLOSSARY ...................................................................................................................................... 15 ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................................... 17 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 18 1.1 Research Rationale .................................................................................................................. 18 1.2 Defining the parameters of the study ..................................................................................... 20 1.3 Introductory Life History: The themes of this research .......................................................... 20 1.4 Structure of the Thesis ............................................................................................................ 27 CHAPTER TWO: THE SETTING FOR CHANGE AND THAI WELFARE ................................................ 31 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 31 2.2 A Background to the Literature ............................................................................................... 33 2.3 A Wellbeing Regime Model and the Thai Wellbeing Regime .................................................. 36 2.4 Conditioning Factors ................................................................................................................ 40 1850’s to the 1970’s: Nation Building and Development ......................................................... 42 1970’s-1990’s The rise of democratic governance, globalisation and new forms of dissent ... 45 2001-2006 Changing Welfare Regimes and Rural Populism ..................................................... 47 2.5 Negotiating the Institutional Responsibility Matrix ................................................................ 49 The State .................................................................................................................................... 49 The Market ................................................................................................................................ 52 The Community and Household ................................................................................................ 58 2.6 Wellbeing Outcomes: Sufficiency Economy: Making a virtue out of low level reciprocity .... 62 2.7 Reproduction consequences ................................................................................................... 63 2.8 From the wellbeing framework to my own conceptual framework ....................................... 65 2.9 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 67 CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................................... 69 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 69 3 3.2 Actor-oriented Approach Revisited ......................................................................................... 70 3.3 Studying Migration .................................................................................................................. 73 3.4 Methods: Doing Ethnography ................................................................................................. 75 3.5 The Narrative Method ............................................................................................................. 87 3.6 Focus Groups ........................................................................................................................... 91 3.7 Site Selection and WeD Involvement ...................................................................................... 93 3.8 Reflections from the field ........................................................................................................ 95 3.9 Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 98 3.10 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 99 CHAPTER FOUR: ETHNOGRAPHIC INSIGHTS ................................................................................ 103 4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 103 4.2 Writing about place and identity in rural Thailand ............................................................... 104 4.3 Isan: Regionalism and protest ............................................................................................... 107 4.4 Village Background: Physical Location .................................................................................. 111 4.5 Village history, beliefs and ethnicity...................................................................................... 114 4.6 Land, Livelihoods and inequality ........................................................................................... 120 4.7 Cultural values, beliefs and beginnings of resistance ............................................................ 132 4.8 Institutional Challenge: Communist Insurgency .................................................................... 133 4.9 The period of greater state regulation and the continuing battle for land rights................. 139 4.10 Institutional Challenge: Assembly of the Poor AOP (Samacha Khon Jon) ........................... 141 4.11 Institutional Challenge: Migration as a continuing process of change ............................... 144 4.12 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 146 CHAPTER 5: GENERATION AND COHORTS .................................................................................. 150 5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 150 5.2 Looking at Change through Cohorts ...................................................................................... 152 5.3 An Illustration: The Khamyod Family..................................................................................... 157 Cohort 1: The Elders ................................................................................................................ 158 Cohort 2: Elders that still work ...............................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Farmers and Forests: a Changing Phase in Northeast Thailand
    Southeast Asian Studies, Vo1.38, No.3, December 2000 Farmers and Forests: A Changing Phase in Northeast Thailand Buared PRACHAIYO * * The author was a forest ecologist at Khon Kaen Regional Forest Office of the Royal Forestry Department of Thailand, and joined CSEAS as a visiting research fellow from May 1995 to April 1996. On October 28, 1996 he passed away in Thailand. - 3 - 271 Contents Preface ( 5 ) 1. Introduction ( 6 ) 2. Northeast Thailand .. (14) 1. Area (14) 2. Farmers (22) 3. Forest (29) 4. l.and Utilization (38) 5. Paddy Fields (43) 3. Farmers' Use of Forest and Encroachment into the Forests (50) 1. Wood Products (50) 2. Non-wood Forest Products··············································...................................................... (53) 3. Forest Degradation (61) 4. Man and Forest Interaction (72) 1. Fuel-wood (72) 2. Community Forest (79) 3. Forest Conservation by the Farmers (92) 4. Trees on Paddy Fields (105) 5. Mitigation of Forest Degradation (122) 5. The Role of Forest in the Socio-economic Life of the Farmers (134) 1. Trees and Farmers (134) 2. Trees and Paddy Fields (137) 3. Farmers, Trees and Paddy Fields (138) 4. Trees and Home Economy of Farmers (141) 5. Farmers and Society (144) 6. Conclusion and Proposals (146) 1. Conclusion (146) 2. Recommendations (148) Bibliography . (153) Appendix I (157) Appendix II (176) 272 - 4 - Preface Writing a preface for this special paper by the late Mr. Buared Prachaiyo is a sorrowful task for me. This paper would have been his doctoral dissertation if he were alive. I met Mr. Buared for the first time on January 19, 1991 at Khon Kaen Regional Forest Office of Royal Forestry Department of Thailand, where he worked as a forest ecologist.
    [Show full text]
  • Title Farmers and Forests : a Changing Phase in Northeast Thailand
    Title Farmers and Forests : A Changing Phase in Northeast Thailand Author(s) Prachaiyo, Buared Citation 東南アジア研究 (2000), 38(3): 271-446 Issue Date 2000-12 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/56758 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University Southeast Asian Studies, Vo1.38, No.3, December 2000 Farmers and Forests: A Changing Phase in Northeast Thailand Buared PRACHAIYO * * The author was a forest ecologist at Khon Kaen Regional Forest Office of the Royal Forestry Department of Thailand, and joined CSEAS as a visiting research fellow from May 1995 to April 1996. On October 28, 1996 he passed away in Thailand. - 3 - 271 Contents Preface ( 5 ) 1. Introduction ( 6 ) 2. Northeast Thailand .. (14) 1. Area (14) 2. Farmers (22) 3. Forest (29) 4. l.and Utilization (38) 5. Paddy Fields (43) 3. Farmers' Use of Forest and Encroachment into the Forests (50) 1. Wood Products (50) 2. Non-wood Forest Products··············································...................................................... (53) 3. Forest Degradation (61) 4. Man and Forest Interaction (72) 1. Fuel-wood (72) 2. Community Forest (79) 3. Forest Conservation by the Farmers (92) 4. Trees on Paddy Fields (105) 5. Mitigation of Forest Degradation (122) 5. The Role of Forest in the Socio-economic Life of the Farmers (134) 1. Trees and Farmers (134) 2. Trees and Paddy Fields (137) 3. Farmers, Trees and Paddy Fields (138) 4. Trees and Home Economy of Farmers (141) 5. Farmers and Society (144) 6. Conclusion and Proposals (146) 1. Conclusion (146) 2. Recommendations (148) Bibliography . (153) Appendix I (157) Appendix II (176) 272 - 4 - Preface Writing a preface for this special paper by the late Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Situation Analysis of Mukdahan Special Economic Zone
    i Situation analysis of Mukdahan Special Economic Zone Submitted to Thailand Environmental Institute Supported by Urban Climate Resilience in Southeast Asia Prepared by Assistant Prof. Dr. Arika Bridhikitti Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahasarakham University, Thailand July 15, 2016 ii Table of Contents Chapter 1 Understanding urban system of the Mukdahan Special Economic Zone .................................................................... 1 1.1. Introduction to Mukdahan Special Economic Zone .................................................................................. 1 1.2. Geography and land covers ...................................................................................................................... 2 1.3. Demography and administration .............................................................................................................. 5 1.4. Economics ............................................................................................................................................... 6 1.5. Infrastructure ........................................................................................................................................... 7 1.6. Natural Resources .................................................................................................................................... 9 1.7. Environmental situation ......................................................................................................................... 12 1.8. Security issues
    [Show full text]
  • Disaster Management Partners in Thailand
    Cover image: “Thailand-3570B - Money flows like water..” by Dennis Jarvis is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0 https://www.flickr.com/photos/archer10/3696750357/in/set-72157620096094807 2 Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance Table of Contents Welcome - Note from the Director 8 About the Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance 9 Disaster Management Reference Handbook Series Overview 10 Executive Summary 11 Country Overview 14 Culture 14 Demographics 15 Ethnic Makeup 15 Key Population Centers 17 Vulnerable Groups 18 Economics 20 Environment 21 Borders 21 Geography 21 Climate 23 Disaster Overview 28 Hazards 28 Natural 29 Infectious Disease 33 Endemic Conditions 33 Thailand Disaster Management Reference Handbook | 2015 3 Government Structure for Disaster Management 36 National 36 Laws, Policies, and Plans on Disaster Management 43 Government Capacity and Capability 51 Education Programs 52 Disaster Management Communications 54 Early Warning System 55 Military Role in Disaster Relief 57 Foreign Military Assistance 60 Foreign Assistance and International Partners 60 Foreign Assistance Logistics 61 Infrastructure 68 Airports 68 Seaports 71 Land Routes 72 Roads 72 Bridges 74 Railways 75 Schools 77 Communications 77 Utilities 77 Power 77 Water and Sanitation 80 4 Center for Excellence in Disaster Management & Humanitarian Assistance Health 84 Overview 84 Structure 85 Legal 86 Health system 86 Public Healthcare 87 Private Healthcare 87 Disaster Preparedness and Response 87 Hospitals 88 Challenges
    [Show full text]
  • Report – Part 2 of 7)
    Initial Environmental Examination (Main Report – Part 2 of 7) Project Number: 54211-001 March 2021 Document Stage: Draft Viet Nam: Lotus Wind Power Project Prepared by ERM Vietnam for Lien Lap Wind Power Joint Stock Company, Phong Huy Wind Power Joint Stock Company, and Phong Nguyen Wind Power Joint Stock Company as a requirement of the Asian Development Bank. The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “Terms of Use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK DRAFT INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL EXAMINATION Phong Nguyen Wind Farm Project 3.3.2.3 Involuntary Resettlement Requirements The involuntary resettlement impacts of an ADB – supported project are considered significant if 200 or more persons will be physically displaced from home or lose 10% or more of their productive or income- generating assets For those involving involuntary resettlement, a resettlement plan is prepared that is commensurate with the extent and degree of the impacts: the scope of physical and economic displacement and the vulnerability of the affected persons. The ADB Operations Manual Section F1 describes the categories for SR2: Involuntary Resettlement, and are summarized below: Category A: A proposed project is classified as Category A if it is likely to have significant involuntary resettlement impacts.
    [Show full text]
  • Sufficiency Economy: Making a Virtue out of Low Level Reciprocity
    Remembering your Feet: Imaginings and Lifecourses in Northeast Thailand Susan Upton A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Bath Department of Social and Policy Sciences August 2010 COPYRIGHT Attention is drawn to the fact that copyright of this thesis rests with its author. A copy of this thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and they must not copy it or use material from it except as permitted by law or with the consent of the author. This thesis may be made available for consultation within the University Library and may be photocopied or lent to other libraries for the purposes of consultation. 1 Dedication This thesis is for my mum, Mary. 2 Contents TABLE OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................................................9 MAP OF THAILAND ........................................................................................................................ 11 MAP OF NORTHEAST THAILAND ................................................................................................... 12 MAP OF MUKDAHAN PROVINCE ................................................................................................... 13 MAP OF BAN DONG VILLAGE .......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mekong Integrated Water Resource Management (M-IWRM) Project
    Lao People’s Democratic Republic Peace Independence Democracy Unity Prosperity Public Disclosure Authorized Mekong Integrated Water Resource Management (M-IWRM) Project Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized March 9, 2017 (Revised March 12, 2021) PREFACE This Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) for Lao PDR is being applied to all activities financed by the World Bank (WB) for technical and/or financial support from the Mekong Integrated Water Resource Management (M-IWRM) Project. This updated version of the ESMF applies to both ongoing activities funded under the additional financing (AF) and new activities to be funded under the Project restructuring. The restructuring extends the Project duration by another eleven months. The national Project Management Unit (PMU) of the Department of Water Resources (DWR), under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), is responsible for overall coordination of Lao PDR activities. The respective PMUs of the Department of Livestock and Fisheries (DLF) and the Department of Irrigation (DOI) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) are responsible for implementation of specific subcomponents and for ensuring compliance with the Ethnic Group Planning Framework (EGPF), including keeping proper documentation in the project file for possible review by the WB. This ESMF has been progressively revised to reflect the scope of Project activities under the original project, the AF, and the restructuring. Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) 1 Mekong-Integrated Water Resource Management (M-IWRM) Project Mekong Integrated Water Resource Management (M-IWRM) Project Table of Contents PREFACE......................................................................................................................... 1 List of Abbreviations and Acronyms ....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Initial Environmental Examination Viet Nam: Lotus Wind Power Project
    Initial Environmental Examination June 2021 Viet Nam: Lotus Wind Power Project Main Report – Part 1 of 3 Prepared by ERM Vietnam for the Asian Development Bank. This is an updated version of the draft originally posted in March 2021 available on http://www.adb.org/projects/54211- 001/documents. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Initial Environmental and Social Examination Report Lien Lap Wind Power Project, Huong Hoa District, Quang Tri Province 14 May 2021 Project No.: 0552758 Power Construction JSC No. 1 The business of sustainability Document details Document title Initial Environmental and Social Examination Report Document subtitle Lien Lap Wind Power Project, Huong Hoa District, Quang Tri Province Project No. 0552758 Date 14 May 2021 Version Final Author ERM Team Client Name Power Construction JSC No. 1 Document history Version Revision Author Reviewed by ERM approval to issue Comments Name Date Draft 0.0 ERM Team TL HP 28.07.2020 Approved for Issuance Draft 1.0 ERM Team TL HP 18.09.2020
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Benefits and Plants Diversity in Bru People's Spiritual
    British Journal of Applied Science & Technology 4(17): 2430-2439, 2014 SCIENCEDOMAIN international www.sciencedomain.org The Potential of Indigenous People’s Forest: Ecological Benefits and Plants Diversity in Bru People’s Spiritual Forest, Northeastern Thailand Tunwa Chaitieng1* and Tharest Srisatit2* 1Interdepartment of Environmental Science, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. 2Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration between both authors. Author TC designed the study, performed the statistical analysis, wrote the protocol and wrote the first draft of the manuscript and managed literature searches. Author TS managed the analyses of the study and literature searches. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. Received 25th January 2014 th Original Research Article Accepted 9 April 2014 Published 28th April 2014 ABSTRACT Aims: To study the ecological benefits and biodiversity of plants in the Bru’s spiritual forest and the relationship between the Bru’s wisdoms and their spiritual forest. Study Design: This research applied the use of forest ecology and a qualitative research. Place and Duration of Study: Sakon Nakhon Province, the upper Northeastern Thailand, between June 2011and June 2012. Methodology: We surveyed plants diversity in 3 spiritual forests of Bru people’s villages and collected primary data about relationship between Bru people and spiritual forest from the site by in-depth interviewing, group discussions with key informants. Result: The Bru People are a group of indigenous people near the Lower Mekong River and have a culture that is closely related and tied to the spiritual dimension. Their philosophy and fundamental world views are holistic.
    [Show full text]
  • (WB): Bru Kuay (TK): Kuay (&Thai) 5.00 Agree 5.00
    Assessing Language Vitality and Endangerment of Minority Communities in Northeastern Thailand: A Necessity for Visualizing Dynamic Language Shift presented by Yutaka Tomioka and Francesco Cavallaro Division of Linguistics and Multilingual Studies School of Humanities and Social Sciences Saturday, March 4, 2017 Objectives of This Paper 1. Introducing the brief results of language surveys in Northeastern Thailand (Isan) 2. Discussing the features and factors of language shift/maintenance at play in target communities 3. Illustrating the dynamics of language shift 4. Proposing some considerations regarding the assessment of ethnolinguistic vitality The Target Communities Laos • the Bruu (Bru) & Kuay language in Northeastern Thailand (Isan) Thailand – the Austroasiatic language/stock Cambodia – the Mon-Khmer language family – the Katuic branch (Mann, Smith, & Ujlakyova, 2009) The Target Communities Northeastern Central and Thailand (Isan) Southern Laos Lao Northeastern Western Bru Kataang Thai (Lao Isan) (Choo, 2012) Ta Klang (TK) Woen Buek (WB) Tai-Kadai Languages Kuay, Kuy, or Suay Khmer Austroasiatic Languages Cambodia (Lewis, Simons, & Fennig, 2016) The Target Community (WB Bru) Population & Distribution / District in Isan Woen Buek (WB) Woen Buek (WB) Northeastern Thai Bru (Lao Isan) From Premsrirat et al. (2003) The Target Community (TK Kuay) Population & Distribution / District in Isan Ta Klang (TK) Ta Klang (TK) Ta Klang (TK) Northeastern Thai Kuay (Kuy) Northern/Highland (Lao Isan) Khmer From Premsrirat et al. (2003) The Target Community (WB Bru) Population & Background Information Ethnic Bru and Woen Buek (WB) Population • Western Bru: 20,000 in 3 Isan provinces, • and 400 in Ubon (WB&TL) No mutual intelligibilities among them (Premsrirat et al., 2003) • Kataang: 110,276 in Laos in 2005 (the National Statistics Centre, no date) • WB: approx.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Organization Forms of Mon-Khmer Linguistic-Ethnic Groups: an Interdisciplinary Approach
    Asian Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies 3(4): 16-27, 2020; Article no.AJL2C.59120 Community Organization Forms of Mon-Khmer Linguistic-ethnic Groups: An Interdisciplinary Approach Ly Tung Hieu1* 1University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University, 10-12 Dinh Tien Hoang Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Author’s contribution The sole author designed, analysed, interpreted and prepared the manuscript. Article Information Editor(s): (1) Dr. Suleyman Goksoy, University of Duzce, Turkey. Reviewers: (1) Erasmus Akiley Msuya, University of Dar es salaam, Tanzania. (2) Odingowei M. Kwokwo, Niger Delta University, Nigeria. (3) Lokesh Prasad Dash, India. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sdiarticle4.com/review-history/59120 Received 10 April 2020 Accepted 16 July 2020 Short Communication Published 27 July 2020 ABSTRACT Applying the interdisciplinary approach and the retrospective methods of archeology, ethnography, history, ethnolinguistics, the paper tries to clear the process and status of the Mon-Khmer linguistic- ethnic groups’ community organizations that much changed in the history. Starting from the primitive defense form of hamlets, most of the linguistic-ethnic groups used the adjectives meaning “round” to organize the nouns indicating the forms of hamlet – their fundamental community organization. Particularly, the North Bahnaric sub-branch borrowed the nouns of plây, plâi from Austronesian languages to indicate their hamlets. The larger than the hamlets is forms of village, leaving traces in the nouns of plang of Bahnar, kruang of Bru, làng of Viet and làng of Muong. From forms of the community organization of hamlet and village, Viet-Muong people advanced towards establishing nước “nation” as a supreme administrative-political institution.
    [Show full text]
  • Stubbe, Ray OH953
    Wisconsin Veterans Museum Research Center Transcript of an Oral History Interview with Rev. Ray W. Stubbe Navy Chaplain, Vietnam War 2005-2006 OH 953 1 OH 953 Stubbe, Ray W., (b.1938). Oral History Interview, 2005-2006. User Copy: 9 sound cassettes (ca. 539 min.); analog, 1 7/8 ips, mono. Master Copy: 9 sound cassettes (ca.539 min.); analog, 1 7/8 ips, mono. Transcript: 0.1 linear ft. (1 folder) Abstract: Stubbe (b.1938), a Wauwatosa (Wisconsin) native, discusses his service as a Navy Chap- lain during the Vietnam War with the 9th Marine Amphibious Brigade, 26th Marine Regiment, 3rd Marine Division. Stubbe recalls enlisting in the Navy Reserves before his senior year of high school and attending a two-week boot camp at Great Lakes Naval Training Center (Illinois). After graduating high school, he was assigned to active duty on the USS Noa , where he served on the deck force for two years before attending Yeo- man “A” School at Bainbridge (Maryland) and becoming a Yeoman Third Class. In 1958, Stubbe left active duty to attend St. Olaf College (Minnesota) but continued to serve in the Reserves. Stubbe graduated in 1962 with a degree in Philosophy and then attended Northwestern Lutheran Theological Seminary in Minneapolis, graduating in 1965. While at the seminary, Stubbe describes attending Navy Chaplains School, which he calls “boot camp for ministers,” in Newport (Rhode Island). Following the seminary, Stubbe went to the University of Chicago Theological School to get a Ph.D. in Ethics and Society; however, he left after one year because the Navy needed chaplains in Vietnam.
    [Show full text]