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Roman and Early Byzantine Terracotta Lamps, 2002–2005

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Roman and Early Byzantine Terracotta Lamps, 2002–2005 AMORIUM REPORTS 3: The Lower City Enclosure Finds Reports and Technical Studies OFFPRINT/AYRIBASIM AMORIUM MONOGRAPH SERIES General Editor: C.S. Lightfoot Vol. 1 M.A.V. Gill (with contributions by C.S. Lightfoot, E.A. Ivison, and M.T. Wypyski), Amorium Reports, Finds I: The Glass (1987–1997). BAR International Series 1070, Oxford 2002. Vol. 2 C.S. Lightfoot (ed.), Amorium Reports, II: Research Papers and Technical Reports. BAR International Series 1170, Oxford 2003. Vol. 3 C.S. Lightfoot and E.A. Ivison (eds.), Amorium Reports 3: The Lower City Enclosure. Finds Reports and Technical Studies. Vol. 4 C. Katsari and C.S. Lightfoot, with A. Özme, Amorium Reports 4: The Amorium Mint and the Coin Finds. Forthcoming Vol. 5 C.S. Lightfoot and T. Drew-Bear, with O. Karagiorgou, N. Tsivikis, and H. Yaman, Amorium Reports 5: Roman and Byzantine Inscriptions, Seals, and Graffiti. Vol. 6 E.A. Ivison, Amorium Reports 6: The Lower City Church Complex. Website: www.amoriumexcavations.org Cover illustration: Excavations in the Lower City Enclosure Trench XM-03, 2003 AMORIUM REPORTS 3: The Lower City Enclosure Finds Reports and Technical Studies Edited by C.S. Lightfoot and E.A. Ivison 2012 AMORIUM MONOGRAPH SERIES General Editor: C.S. Lightfoot Vol. 3: C.S. Lightfoot and E.A. Ivison (eds.), Amorium Reports 3: The Lower City Enclosure Finds Reports and Technical Studies ISBN 978-605-5607-72-2 © The Amorium Excavations Project, 2012 Already published: M.A.V. Gill (with contributions by C.S. Lightfoot, E.A. Ivison, and M.T. Wypyski), Amorium Reports, Finds I: The Glass (1987–1997). BAR International Series 1070, Oxford 2002. C.S. Lightfoot (ed.), Amorium Reports, II: Research Papers and Technical Reports. BAR International Series 1170, Oxford 2003. Website: www.amoriumexcavations.org Cover illustration: Excavations in the Lower City Enclosure, Trench XM-03 Title page illustration: SF7501, handle fragment with human mask from a copper alloy bucket or situla (early 9th century, from XE-06 destruction context 260; see Chapter 1, Appendix 2, XE-06, BEM unit 18). Printed and bounded by MAS Matbaacılık A.Ş. Hamidiye Mah. Soğuksu Cad. No. 3 Kağıthane - İstanbul/Türkiye Tel: +90 (212) 294 10 00 Fax: +90 (212) 294 90 80 [email protected] Certificate No: 12055 Production and Distribution Zero Prodüksiyon Kitap-Yayın-Dağıtım San. Ltd. Şti. Abdullah Sokak, No: 17, Taksim, 34433 İstanbul/Türkiye Tel: +90 (212) 244 7521 Fax: +90 (212) 244 3209 E.mail: [email protected] www.zerobooksonline.com Publisher Certificate No: 14641 In Memoriam Prof. Angeliki E. Laiou 6.iv.1941 – 11.xii.2008 A great friend and supporter of the Amorium Excavations Project Contents Forward ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ix Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. xi Check-List of Amorium Publications ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... xiii General Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Archaeological Introduction 1. E.A. Ivison, Excavations at the Lower City Enclosure, 1996–2008 ................................................................................................................................ 5-151 Finds Reports 2. B. Böhlendorf-Arslan, The Pottery from Destruction Contexts in the Enclosure ............................................................................... 153-179 3. E. Laflı, Roman and Late Roman Terracotta Unguentaria: 1988–2005 ............................................................................................................. 181-192 4. E. Schoolman, Middle Imperial, Late Roman, and Early Byzantine Terracotta Oil Lamps: 2002–2005 .................. 193-215 5. C.S. Lightfoot, Middle Byzantine Terracotta Lamps: 1993–2005 .............................................................................................................................. 217-232 6. C.S. Lightfoot, Hellenistic and Roman Terracotta Figurines and Architectural Fragments .................................................... 233-241 7. J. Witte, Counters and Stoppers in Terracotta and Stone .................................................................................................................................................... 243-262 8. C.S. Lightfoot, Small Finds in Bone and Ivory ............................................................................................................................................................................... 263-276 9. J. Witte, Toys, Game Pieces, and Boards: 1988–2005 ............................................................................................................................................................... 277-296 10. J. Witte, Roman and Byzantine Bricks and Tiles: 1988–2004 ........................................................................................................................................ 297-377 11. C.S. Lightfoot, Byzantine Weights and Related Material ..................................................................................................................................................... 379-386 Technical and Scientific Studies 12. A. Demirel, Two Weapon-Related Skull Traumas from the Enclosure, 2008 ............................................................................................ 387-394 13. J. Giorgi, The Plant Remains ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 395-418 14. E. Ioannidou, Animal Husbandry ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 419-442 15. D.S. Reese, Inventory of Marine and Freshwater Shells ........................................................................................................................................................ 443-450 16. A.M. Shedrinsky and C.S. Lightfoot, A Byzantine Amber Bead ................................................................................................................................ 451-453 17. M.G. Drahor, Results from the Geophysical Survey conducted in the Lower City Enclosure ............................................. 455-468 Appraisal 18. C.S. Lightfoot, Amorium: Facts, Myths, and Misconceptions ...................................................................................................................................... 469-491 Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 493 Bibliography .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 494-520 Errata and Corrigenda to Amorium Reports 1 and 2 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 521-522 Index ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 523-529 Foreword C.S. Lightfoot and E.A. Ivison This volume is the third in the Amorium Monograph As in Amorium 2, the basic intention is to supply the Series to present the results of the survey and excava- results of the excavations and the detailed finds reports tions conducted since 1987 at the site of the Byzantine with some preliminary discussion, in the hope that city of Amorium, the modern village of Hisarköy in this new material will be of interest and use to others. Afyonkarahisar province, Turkey. The present volume Several of the chapters include finds made during re- supplements the material that has already been ap- cent excavation seasons; others are studies of older ma- peared in Amorium 2 in that it publishes categories of terial that has taken a good deal of time and effort to excavated and surface finds from all over the site, but process and write up. Notably,
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