DOCSLIB.ORG

Egovernment in Turkey

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Country Profile History Strategy Legal Framework Actors Who’s Who Infrastructure Services for Citizens Services for Businesses INSIDE WHAT’S eGovernment in Turkey ISA Visit the e-Government factsheets online on Joinup.eu Joinup is a collaborative platform created by the European Commission under the Interoperability Solutions for Public Administrations (ISA) in Europe Programme. Joinup provides numerous services around 3 main functionalities: 1. An observatory on interoperability, e-government, e-inclusion and e-health 2. A collaborative platform of open communities 3. A repository of interoperability solutions This document is meant to present an overview of the eGoverment status in this country and not to be exhaustive in its references and analysis. Even though every possible care has been taken by the authors to refer to and use valid data from authentic sources, the European Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the included information, nor does it accept any responsibility for any use thereof. Cover picture © Fotolia Content © European Commission © European Union, 2015 January 2010 Edition 13.0 eGovernment in Turkey, January 2015, Edition 12.0 Country Profile ......................................................................................... 1 eGovernment History ............................................................................... 5 eGovernment Strategy ........................................................................... 18 eGovernment Legal Framework ............................................................. 22 eGovernment Actors .............................................................................. 26 eGovernment Who’s Who ....................................................................... 29 eGovernment Infrastructure .................................................................. 32 eGovernment Services for Citizens ......................................................... 37 eGovernment Services for Businesses .................................................... 41 eGovernment in Turkey January 2015 Country Profile Basic data and indicators Basic Data Population (1 000): 76,667,864 inhabitants (2014) GDP at market prices: 617,794 million Euros (2013) GDP per inhabitant in PPS (purchasing Power Standards EU 28=100): Not available GDP growth rate: Not available (2014) Inflation rate: 8.9% (2014) Unemployment rate: 9% (2013) General government gross debt (Percentage of GDP): Not available General government deficit/surplus (Percentage of GDP): - Not available Source: Eurostat and Turkstat Area: Not available Capital city: Ankara Official EU language: Turkish Currency: TRY [1] eGovernment in Turkey January 2015 Political Structure The Republic of Turkey is a democratic, secular and social state governed by rule of law, whose political system was established in 1923. Turkey is a Member State of the United Nations, NATO, OSCE, OECD, OIC, and the Council of Europe. It is also a candidate country to join the European Union. Sovereignty is vested fully and unconditionally in the nation. The Turkish Nation shall exercise its sovereignty through the authorised institutions as prescribed by the principles laid down in the Constitution. Executive power is exercised by the President of the Republic and the Council of Ministers. Legislative power is vested in Grand National Assembly. The Judicial power is exercised by independent courts on behalf of the Turkish Nation. The function of Head of State is performed by the President (Cumhurbaşkanı). Executive power rests with the President and the Council of Ministers (Bakanlar Kurulu). The Council of Ministers consists of the Prime Minister and the ministers. The Prime Minister shall be appointed from among the members of the Turkish Grand National Assembly by the President of the Republic. The ministers shall be nominated by the Prime Minister and appointed by the President from Members of the Parliament (TGNA) or from among those eligible for election as deputies. They can be dismissed by the President, upon proposal of the Prime Minister, when deemed necessary. Legislative power is vested in the 550-seat Turkey Grand National Assembly (Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi) which represents 81 provinces. Members are currently elected for a four-year term by mitigated proportional representation with an election threshold of 10 %. The freedom and independence of the judicial system is protected by the Constitution. There shall be no organisation, person, or institution which can interfere in the running of the courts, and the executive and legislative structures have to obey the courts' decisions. The Judicial system is highly structured. Turkish courts have no jury system; judges render decisions after establishing the facts in each case based on evidence presented by lawyers and prosecutors. Head of State: President Recep Tayyip Erdogan (since 28 August 2014). Head of Government: Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu (since 28 August 2014). [2] eGovernment in Turkey January 2015 Information Society Indicators Generic Indicators Statistical indicators in this section reflect those of Eurostat at the time the Edition is being prepared. Percentage of households with Internet access in Turkey: 49% (2013) Percentage of individuals using the internet at least once a week in Turkey: 40% (2013) Percentage of households with a broadband connection in Turkey: 46% (2013) Percentage of individuals having purchased/ordered online in the last three months in Turkey: 7% (2013) Percentage of individuals using the internet for interacting with public authorities in Turkey: 19% (2013) Percentage of individuals using the internet for obtaining information from public authorities in Turkey: 17% (2013) Percentage of individuals using the internet for downloading official forms from public authorities in Turkey: 6% (2013) Percentage of individuals using the internet for sending filled forms to public authorities in Turkey: 7% (2013) [3] eGovernment in Turkey January 2015 EGovernment State of Play The graph below is the result of the latest eGovernment Benchmark1 study, which monitors the development of eGovernment in Europe, based on specific indicators. These indicators are clustered within four main top-level benchmarks: User Centricity – indicates to what extent (information about) a service is provided online and how this is perceived. Transparent Government – indicates to what extent governments is transparent regarding: i) their own responsibilities and performance, ii) the process of service delivery and iii) personal data involved. Cross Border Mobility – indicates to what extent EU citizens can use online services in another country. Key Enablers – indicates the extent to which 5 technical pre-conditions are available online. There are: Electronic Identification (eID), Electronic documents (eDocuments), Authentic Sources, Electronic Safe (eSafe), and Single Sign on (SSO). These top-level benchmarks are measured using a life-events (e.g. mystery shopping) approach. The following life-events were used for measuring the eGovernment Benchmark top-level indicators: Business start-up and early trading operations, losing and Finding a Job, Studying, Regular business operations, Moving, Owning and driving a car, and Starting a small claims procedure. The figure below presents the development of eGovernment in Turkey compared to the EU average score. Source: http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/newsroom/cf/dae/document.cfm?doc_id=5573 [4] eGovernment in Turkey January 2015 eGovernment History Main developments and key milestones (in reverse chronological order) For the latest developments, see: Joinup news. Recent News June 2014 Since June 2014, students using the e-government Portal (turkiye.gov.tr) are able to get their certificate of enrolment barcoded and can give it to public institutions when needed. In addition, all citizens are able to verify the certificates of enrolment given to them. The document verification e-service is open to all citizens without the need to enter the e-Government Portal with a password. Turksat (technical contractor of e-government gateway project of Turkey) organised e- Innovative Government Competition Program as a social responsibility project with the support of Ministry of Transportation, Maritime and Communication and Bilkent University. The Competition Program aimed at drawing attention to e-transformation process of Turkey. In accordance with this purpose, Turksat called for projects for developing innovative and entrepreneurial projects on e-Government within universities. The award ceremony was held on 6th June. Successful Projects and Candidates are listed below: Rewards Successful Candidates Successful Projects Gold Medal Istanbul Commerce University Sustainable and accessible e-School e-Consumer Courts Software for Silver Medal Erciyes University Disabled People Silver Medal Erciyes University e-Payment and e-Billing Silver Medal Fatih Sultan Mehmet University e-Problem Reporting Bronze Medal Istanbul University e-Turkish Employment Bronze Medal İstanbul Technical University e-Immediate Blood Need Bronze Medal Yalova University e-Announcement e-Suggestion and e-Complaints for Bronze Medal Gazi University Public Institutions [5] eGovernment in Turkey January 2015 March 2014 On 12 March 2014, the e-Government Gateway "turkiye.gov.tr" was qualified for ISO 9241- 151 and ISO/IEC 40500 certificates: "TS ISO/IEC 40500:2012 Web Content Accessibility Guidelines" defines the criteria of accessibility of web content.
Recommended publications
  • Batuhan Kurtaran

    Batuhan Kurtaran

    ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY OF TURKEY A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY BATUHAN KURTARAN IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AUGUST 2020 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Yaşar Kondakçı Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Prof. Dr. Oktay Fırat Tanrısever Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Prof. Dr. Oktay Fırat Tanrısever Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Nuri Yurdusev (METU, IR) Prof. Dr. Oktay Fırat Tanrısever (METU, IR) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Burak Tangör (Hacettepe Uni., INT) PLAGIARISM I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name: Batuhan Kurtaran Signature: iii ABSTRACT ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY OF TURKEY Kurtaran, Batuhan M.S., Department of International Relations Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Oktay Fırat Tanrısever August 2020, 171 pages This thesis aims to clarify Turkey’s economic diplomacy in the 2000s. The main argument of this thesis is that Turkish economic diplomacy strategy in the relevant period is to have more multidirectional and more multidimensional foreign economic relations.
  • Training Program for the First-Time Ambassadors and Their Spouses

    Training Program for the First-Time Ambassadors and Their Spouses

    Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of TURKEY DIPLOMACY ACADEMY NEWSLETTER (October— December 2019) Training for the First-Time Ambassadors and their Spouses Training Program for the Cambodian Diplomats Training Program for the Nigerien Diplomats Training Program for the Palestinian Diplomats Training Program for Tajik Diplomats Meeting with the Indonesian Delegation Meeting with the Namibian Delegation Meeting with the Zambian Delegation Spanish Language Course for the MFA Staff Field Trip to the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Foreign Minister H.E. Mevlu t Çavuşog lu with the newly-appointed Ambassadors Training Program for the First-Time Ambassadors and Their Spouses With 246 missions abroad (142 Embassies, 139 Consulates, 16 Permanent Representatives and 1 Consular Agency), Turkey has the fifth largest global diplomatic network. This vast network entails, every year, the assignment of a large number of diplomatic personnel to these Turkish missions. To ensure the preparedness of these officers and their spouses for their new duties and responsibilities, the Academy organizes various orientation programs prior to the postings. Between October 28—November 8, 2019, the Academy organized an orientation program for the first-time Ambassadors and their spouses. The training commenced with the opening address by Deputy Foreign Minister H.E. Yavuz Selim Kıran on October 28, 2019. Throughout the training, Ministry officials, academics and speakers from other public institutions gave seminars on staff management, administration and finance, relations with the press, consular issues, public speaking and leadership. The training also featured meetings with the representatives from Yunus Emre Cultural Institute, Presidency for Turks Abroad and Related Communities, Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency and Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency.
  • Exports: the Heart of Nep

    Exports: the Heart of Nep

    How to Export to 2018 Turkey This report includes all the information related to trade basics and detailed data regarding export from Brazil to Turkey. This report is for information purposes only and Tumer Eng. will not be liable to any direct, indirect, incidental, special, consequential or exemplary damages, including but not limited to, damages for loss of profits, goodwill, use, data, or other intangible losses. Ver:1.0 2018 1 Contents 1 Why Turkey.................................................................................................................................... 12 1.1 General Information .............................................................................................................. 12 1.2 Geography ............................................................................................................................. 13 1.2.1 Distances ....................................................................................................................... 18 1.2.2 Climate of Turkey .......................................................................................................... 19 1.2.2.1 Air temperature changes until now .......................................................................... 20 1.2.2.2 Precipitation changes until now ................................................................................ 21 1.2.2.3 Air temperature changes in the 21st century ........................................................... 21 1.2.2.4 Precipitation changes in the 21st century ................................................................
  • The Turkey-Armenia-Azerbaijan Triangle: the Unexpected Outcomes of the Zurich Protocols Zaur SHIRIYEV* & Celia DAVIES** Abstract Key Words

    The Turkey-Armenia-Azerbaijan Triangle: the Unexpected Outcomes of the Zurich Protocols Zaur SHIRIYEV* & Celia DAVIES** Abstract Key Words

    The Turkey-Armenia-Azerbaijan Triangle: The Unexpected Outcomes of the Zurich Protocols Zaur SHIRIYEV* & Celia DAVIES** Abstract Key Words This paper analyses the domestic and regional Zurich Protocols, Turkish-Armenian impact of the Turkish-Armenian normalisation rapprochement/normalisation, Russo- process from the Azerbaijani perspective, with Georgian War, Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, a focus on the changing dynamic of Ankara- Azerbaijani-Turkish relations. Baku relations. This line of enquiry is informed by international contexts, notably the 2008 Russian-Georgian war and the respective roles Introduction of the US and Russia. The first section reviews the changed regional dynamic following two regional crises: the August War and the Turkish- Between 2008 and 2009, Azerbaijan’s Armenian rapprochement. The second section foreign policy was thrown into a state analyses domestic reaction in Azerbaijan among of crisis. The Russo-Georgian War in political parties, the media, and the public. The third section will consider the normalisation August 2008 followed by the attempted process, from its inception through to its Turkish-Armenian rapprochement suspension. The authors find that the crisis in process (initiated in September 2008) Turkish-Azerbaijani relations has resulted in an intensification of the strategic partnership, unsettled geopolitical perspectives across concluding that the abortive normalisation the Caucasus and the wider region, process in many ways stabilised the pre-2008 throwing traditionally perceived axes status quo in terms of the geopolitical dynamics of the region. of threats and alliances into question. Before the dust had settled on the first conflict, another was already brewing, * Zaur Shiriyev is a foreign policy analyst based destabilising many of Azerbaijan’s in Azerbaijan, a columnist for Today’s Zaman, basic foreign policy assumptions.
  • The Importance of Measuring Scope and Impact of Infringement

    The Importance of Measuring Scope and Impact of Infringement

    Seventh Global Congress on Combating Counterfeiting and Piracy EVOLVING CHALLENGES - INNOVATIVE RESPONSES Held under the High Auspices of H.E. Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan The Global Congress on Combating Counterfeiting and Piracy, which will take place in Istanbul from 24 to 26 April 2013, is organized by the World Customs Organization (WCO), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and INTERPOL, in partnership with the International Trademark Association (INTA) and the International Chamber of Commerce / Business Action to Stop Counterfeiting and Piracy (ICC/BASCAP). Turkish Customs, supported by the Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey (TOBB), is graciously hosting the seventh Global Congress. This high-level event attracts over 1,000 participants from government ministers and policy makers, to business leaders, senior civil servants and law enforcement officers, as well as judges and lawyers, consumer groups and members of academia, including senior security and anti-counterfeiting decision-makers, brand owners, trademark counsel and specialist investigators, as well as representatives from intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Key speakers include: Dr. Kunio Mikuriya, Secretary General of the WCO, Dr. Francis Gurry, Director General of WIPO, Mr. Ronald K. Noble, Secretary General of INTERPOL, Ms. Toe Su Aung, 2013 President of INTA and Ms. Shelley Duggan, Co-Chair of ICC/BASCAP. Turkey will be represented by Mr. Ömer Çelik, Minister of Culture and Tourism, and Mr. Hayati Yazici, Minister of Customs and Trade, as well as senior government officials and high-level industry delegates. The Seventh Global Congress builds on the successes of past Congresses. An array of top-notch moderators and speakers will address the theme: "Evolving Challenges – Innovative Responses" in a number of key sessions covering a variety of issues that impact on the fight against counterfeiting and piracy and efforts to promote respect for IP.
  • UNISCI Discussion Papers No 23

    UNISCI Discussion Papers No 23

    ISSN 1696-2206 Nº 23 May /Mayo 2010 TURKEY/TURQUÍA (Mustafa Aydin, Coord.) UNISCI Nur Bilge Criss Parameters of Turkish Foreign Policy under the AKP Governments UNIDAD DE Gencer Özcan The Changing Role of Turkey’s Military in Foreign Policy- INVESTIGACIÓN Making Process SOBRE SEGURIDAD Y Gokhan Bacik The Rise of Identity Politics in Turkey COOPERACIÓN INTERNACIONAL Bican Şahin & Transnational Advocacy Networks in Perspective: Mete Yıldız Democratization, Human Rights and NGOs in Turkey Ahmet K. Han From “Strategic Partnership” to “Model Partnership”: AKP, RESEARCH Turkish-US Relation and the Prospects under Obama UNIT ON INTERNATIONAL Mert Bilgin Turkey’s energy strategy: What difference does it make to SECURITY AND become an energy transit corridor, hub or center? COOPERATION Sinem Akgül Cycles of Europeanization in Turkey: Açıkme şe The Domestic Impact of EU Political Conditionality Meliha Benli Turkey’s Changing Middle East Policy Altunı şık Özlem Tür Turkish-Syrian Relations – Where are we going? Mustafa Aydın Turkey´s Caucasus Policy Diba Nigar Goksel The Rubik’s Cube of Turkey - Armenia Relations Fuat Aksu Turkish-Greek Relations and the Cyprus Question: Quo Vadis? n CENTRAL ASIA / ASIA CENTRAL Licinia Simao An improbable partnership: Spanish and Kazakh efforts to bring Central Asia to the fore of European politics Disponible on -line: Available on-line: www.ucm.es/ info/unisci UNISCI Discussion Papers UNISCI Discussion Papers (ISSN 1696-2206) es una revista científica de acceso abierto, con sistema de evaluación por pares, sobre Relaciones Internacionales y Seguridad; ambas entendidas en sentido amplio y desde un enfoque multidimensional, abierto a diferentes perspectivas teóricas. La revista es publicada tres veces al año —enero, mayo y octubre— por la Unidad de Investigación sobre Seguridad y Cooperación Internacional (UNISCI) de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
  • Unisci Dp 23

    Unisci Dp 23

    ISSN 1696-2206 Nº 23 May /Mayo 2010 TURKEY/TURQUÍA (Mustafa Aydin, Coord.) UNISCI Nur Bilge Criss Parameters of Turkish Foreign Policy under the AKP Governments UNIDAD DE Gencer Özcan The Changing Role of Turkey’s Military in Foreign Policy- INVESTIGACIÓN Making Process SOBRE SEGURIDAD Y Gokhan Bacik The Rise of Identity Politics in Turkey COOPERACIÓN INTERNACIONAL Bican Şahin & Transnational Advocacy Networks in Perspective: Mete Yıldız Democratization, Human Rights and NGOs in Turkey Ahmet K. Han From “Strategic Partnership” to “Model Partnership”: AKP, RESEARCH Turkish-US Relation and the Prospects under Obama UNIT ON INTERNATIONAL Mert Bilgin Turkey’s energy strategy: What difference does it make to SECURITY AND become an energy transit corridor, hub or center? COOPERATION Sinem Akgül Cycles of Europeanization in Turkey: Açıkme şe The Domestic Impact of EU Political Conditionality Meliha Benli Turkey’s Changing Middle East Policy Altunı şık Özlem Tür Turkish-Syrian Relations – Where are we going? Mustafa Aydın Turkey´s Caucasus Policy Diba Nigar Goksel The Rubik’s Cube of Turkey - Armenia Relations Fuat Aksu Turkish-Greek Relations and the Cyprus Question: Quo Vadis? n CENTRAL ASIA / ASIA CENTRAL Licinia Simao An improbable partnership: Spanish and Kazakh efforts to bring Central Asia to the fore of European politics Disponible on -line: Available on-line: www.ucm.es/ info/unisci UNISCI Discussion Papers UNISCI Discussion Papers (ISSN 1696-2206) es una revista científica de acceso abierto, con sistema de evaluación por pares, sobre Relaciones Internacionales y Seguridad; ambas entendidas en sentido amplio y desde un enfoque multidimensional, abierto a diferentes perspectivas teóricas. La revista es publicada tres veces al año —enero, mayo y octubre— por la Unidad de Investigación sobre Seguridad y Cooperación Internacional (UNISCI) de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
  • Report to the Turkish Government on the Visit to Turkey Carried out by The

    Report to the Turkish Government on the Visit to Turkey Carried out by The

    CPT/Inf (99) 2 Report to the Turkish Government on the visit to Turkey carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) from 5 to 17 October 1997 The Turkish Government has authorised the publication of this visit report and of its interim report in response. The response of the Turkish Government is set out in document CPT/Inf (99) 3. Strasbourg, 23 February 1999 - 2 - CONTENTS Copy of the letter transmitting the CPT's report ............................................................................5 I. INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................5 A. Dates of the visit and composition of the delegation ..............................................................6 B. Establishments visited...............................................................................................................7 C. Consultations held by the delegation.......................................................................................8 D. Co-operation encountered during the visit.............................................................................8 E. Action taken upon immediate observations under Article 8, paragraph 5, of the Convention ...............................................................................................9 F. Other measures taken by the Turkish authorities after the visit .........................................9 II. FACTS FOUND DURING THE VISIT AND

  • Unisci Dp 23

    UNISCI Discussion Papers, Nº 23 (May / Mayo 2010) ISSN 1696-2206 THE RUBIK´S CUBE OF TURKEY – ARMENIA RELATIONS Diba Nigar Goksel 1 European Stability Initiative Abstract: “Secret talks” and diplomatic efforts towards “normalizing relations” – which is a term commonly used to refer to the establishment of diplomatic relations and the opening of the common border – have continued on and off between Turkey and Armenia since the latter’s independence in the Fall of 1991. These efforts culminated with the signing of two protocols in October 2009, establishing diplomatic relations and paving the way to start examining their troubled history. The initiative attracted much public attention and came close to change the nature of the bilateral relations. This article examines the main sticking points between the two countries, the incentives for reconciliation on both sides, and the reasons why the recent efforts came as far as they did – as well as why a stalemate has ensued since then. Keywords: Turkey, Armenia, “normalizing relations”, “secret talks” . Resumen: Las “conversaciones secretas” y los esfuerzos democráticos para la “normalización de relaciones” (que es un término comúnmente usado para referirse al establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas y la apertura de la frontera común) han proseguido intermitentemente entre Turquía y Armenia desde la independencia de ésta última en otoño de 1991. Tales esfuerzos culminaron con la firma de dos protocolos en octubre del 2009, estableciéndose relaciones diplomáticas y estableciendo el camino para empezar a examinar su turbulenta historia. La iniciativa atrajo mucha atención pública y estuvo cerca de cambiar la naturaleza de las relaciones bilaterales. Este artículo examina los principales puntos de encuentro entre los dos países, las iniciativas de reconciliación a ambos lados y las razones por las que los esfuerzos actuales llegaron tan lejos (así como por qué se asiste a un bloqueo desde entonces).
  • Project Document for Nationally Implemented Projects Financed by the GEF/LDCF/SCCF Trust Funds

    Project Document for Nationally Implemented Projects Financed by the GEF/LDCF/SCCF Trust Funds

    United Nations Development Programme Project Document for nationally implemented projects financed by the GEF/LDCF/SCCF Trust Funds Project title: Addressing Invasive Alien Species Threats at Key Marine Biodiversity Areas Country: Turkey Implementing Partner: Turkish Ministry Management Arrangements: of Forestry and Water Affairs – General National Implementation Modality Directorate of Nature Conservation and (NIM) National Parks UNDAF/Country Programme Outcome: UN Development Cooperation Strategy 2016-2020: Outcome 1.3: By 2020, improved implementation of more effective policies and practices for all men and women on sustainable environment, climate change, biodiversity by national local authorities and stakeholders, including resilience of the system/communities to disasters UNDP Strategic Plan Output: Output 1.3: Solutions developed at national and sub-national levels for sustainable management of natural resources, ecosystem services, chemicals and waste. Output 2.5: Legal and regulatory frameworks, policies and institutions enabled to ensure the conservation, sustainable use, and access and benefit sharing of natural resources, biodiversity and ecosystems, in line with international conventions and national legislation. UNDP Social and Environmental Screening Category: UNDP Gender Marker: GEN2 Low Risk Atlas Project ID/Award ID number: 00097993 Atlas Output ID/Project ID number: 00101497 UNDP-GEF PIMS ID number: 5733 GEF ID number: 9233 Planned start date: January 1, 2018 Planned end date: December 31, 2022 LPAC date: TBD Brief project description: Turkey’s coastline stretches 8,333 km, bordering four different major seas: the Mediterranean, Aegean, Marmara and Black Seas. These extensive marine ecosystems support Turkey’s overall high level of marine biodiversity. In total, nearly 5,000 plant and animal species have been identified in Turkey’s marine waters.
  • Government Public Relations in Turkey: Social Media Usage of Turkish Ministries in Relationship Building

    Government Public Relations in Turkey: Social Media Usage of Turkish Ministries in Relationship Building

    Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies Volume: 6 – Issue: 1 January - 2016 Government Public Relations in Turkey: Social Media Usage of Turkish Ministries in Relationship Building HatunBoztepeTaşkıran, Istanbul University, Turkey Abstract Nowadays, developing long-term and positive relationships by government agencies with publics and managing the relationships strategically became very important. Social media provides a number of opportunities for government agencies in terms of building relationships and engaging with publics, developing relationships based on dialogue, ensuring the public participation in decision making and implementation. Taking advantage of the opportunities provided by the social media in terms of relationship building between government agencies and publics depends on full utilization of the interaction and participation supporting characteristics and the dialogic capacity that it provides. This study focused on revealing the case of benefiting from the opportunities offered by social media in order for ministries in Turkey to establish a relationship with publics and analyzed whether the social media is used for the purpose of one-way message transmission to publics or used accordingly with the nature of two-way symmetrical communication. Within the scope of study, corporate Facebook profiles and Twitter accounts of Turkish ministries were analyzed with a content analysis method. Findings were achieved through the analyzing social media accounts of Turkish ministries indicated that social media
  • The Cold War, Human Rights, and Ethnicity in US-Turkish Relations

    The Cold War, Human Rights, and Ethnicity in US-Turkish Relations

    "Armed Minorities": The Cold War, Human Rights, and Ethnicity in U.S.-Turkish Relations Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By James C. Helicke, B.S., M.A. Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2015 Dissertation Committee: Professor Peter L. Hahn, Advisor Professor Jane Hathaway Professor Jennifer Siegel Copyright by James C. Helicke 2015 All Rights Reserved. ii Abstract This dissertation examines international and domestic debates about minorities in Turkey—Armenians, Greeks, Jews, and Kurds—during the first decade of the Cold War, 1945-1955. It argues that lingering problems of ethnic identity and minorities formed an important backdrop to the emergence of the Cold War in the Middle East in a way that American officials sometimes failed to understand fully. International Cold War political intrigues also added urgency and complexity to Turkish official and public attitudes toward minorities, related views of human rights, and formulations of security. As the Kemalist regime consolidated power in Turkey in the interwar period, U.S. official attitudes gradually perceived minority problems as potentially disruptive of American business and strategic interests. As U.S. policymakers stressed the growing threat of global communism and the importance of the Straits after the Second World War, many Turks saw an existential threat in Soviet territorial claims on Turkey that were backed by foreign Armenians and Kurds at the new United Nations. Minority questions were also drawn into the postwar debates over the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Genocide Convention.