National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Volume 58 Number 6 June 2016 NASA Social Supersonic and UAS research highlighted By Jay Levine A three-pronged strategy is X-Press editor progressing. The approach includes A NASA Social highlighted a sonic boom simulation lab at two projects, one with supersonic NASA Langley, shaped sonic boom aircraft and the other featuring research in restricted airspace at subsonic aircraft and a remotely Armstrong and data collection with piloted airplane, May 31 at NASA a proposed supersonic demonstrator Armstrong. called Quiet Supersonic Technology About 45 social media (QueSST). representatives and a number The strategy could provide of media organizations listened the information needed to make to updates on NASA’s work to recommendations to the Federal mitigate the sound made by aircraft Aviation Administration for traveling supersonically. The other amending a prohibition in place topic was how aircraft are helping since the 1970s on over land to validate technologies that could supersonic travel. The idea is to lead to Unmanned Aircraft Systems reduce the strength of the sonic Integration (UAS) into the National booms and break them up so the Airspace System (NAS). sound is hardly noticeable by people Dave Richwine, NASA on the ground, Jones explained. Commercial Supersonic Technology The QueSST is being designed (CST) subproject manager based at through a NASA contract with Langley Research Center in Virginia, Lockheed Martin. Michael said the U.S. needs to “make sure it Buonanno, Lockheed Martin chief is out front” in supersonic aircraft. engineer for the QueSST contract, Supersonic aircraft could reduce said the design includes a 94.2-foot travel times by half and infuse the long, piloted aircraft with a single economy with good jobs and open engine. The concept includes many new markets. commercially available systems to Tom Jones, NASA CST associate reduce cost of the potential future project manager based at Armstrong, X-plane that would greatly reduce AFRC2016-0154-071 NASA/Lauren Hughes said supersonic travel could one the sound of current breaches of the day “bring the world a little closer Attendees of a NASA Social at Armstrong heard a NASA F/A-18 demonstrate together.” different volumes of sonic booms during a routine pilot proficiency flight. NASA Social, page 7 www.nasa.gov/ X-Press June 2016 DC-8 needs prep for each mission By Kate Squires sensors. The aircraft was then NASA Armstrong Public Affairs turned back over to the DC-8 crew There are many layers to who performed necessary aircraft orchestrating a mission as complex maintenance checks on the engines as the Korean U.S. Air Quality and cabin pressure. (KORUS-AQ) study. Preparing the “Our primary job at NASA aircraft and science instruments to Armstrong is to make sure that all of come together as one is just a single the experimenters onboard are safe layer, but it’s extremely important and can focus on collecting as much to ensure a safe and successful data as possible. The DC-8 crew mission. works extremely hard to make that NASA’s DC-8 flying laboratory happen,” DC-8 crew chief Corry looks like a normal aircraft, but it’s Rung said. far from it. The highly modified The final checks happened airplane has removable seats, throughout several short flights. ports and windows. The onboard The first, called a “shake flight,” electronics have also been modified ensured that none of the instrument Photo courtesy of NSERC/Jane Peterson to support a variety of instruments hardware was loose and functioned and racks. Despite the many NASA’s DC-8 is based at Armstrong’s Hangar 703 in Palmdale. correctly. The second two flights “holes” in the aircraft filled with were devoted to testing the science instruments, the structure is highly potentially cause problems during onto a lift and carried up to the aft instruments themselves. stable and well suited as an airborne flight. doors of the aircraft. With aircraft preparations laboratory. “Basically, once the instrument This part was tricky. Cabin space completed, the next stop was South Instrument integration work is on the plane, it’s not coming off. is limited and the payload of 26 Korea. began three weeks prior when the But we need to make sure it’s safe instruments is large by comparison Meanwhile across the country at science instruments were shipped before we even get to that point,” to most missions. So instruments NASA’s Langley Research Center, to the science lab at Armstrong’s he said. had to be loaded in a specific order, in Hampton, Virginia, the UC-12B Hangar 703 in Palmdale. Some of While the scientists made sure starting with the instruments King Air was going through a similar the instruments arrived in pieces their instruments were functional, located at the front of the plane. integration process. However, and had to be built from the ground aircraft mechanics removed Mechanics, avionic techs, data because the King Air has a smaller up before they were installed on windows on the aircraft and system engineers and experimenters fuel tank and payload capacity, the the aircraft. Others arrived fully installed a wide variety of air intake worked side-by-side to install each aircraft could not make the transit assembled and only needed to go probes. They also installed optical instrument without causing delays flight to the U.S. Air Force’s Osan through power and other system ports into the top and bottom to the 10-20 sensors in the queue Air Base in South Korea with checks before being ready for of the plane for laser sensors. behind them. The experimenters all of the instruments onboard. installation on the plane. After port installation was done, were then free to make sure their After the science instruments were Before loading instruments into the aircraft looked similar to a instruments were functioning and installed and checked, they were the plane, DC-8 lead operation porcupine. communicating with the onboard quickly uninstalled and packed into engineer Matt Berry inspected each Each instrument was then rolled data system. shipping boxes headed to Osan Air for airworthiness in the science lab. out of the science lab and placed on After installation was completed, Base. Once the King Air aircraft He made sure that each instrument a large scale that weighed for weight the aircraft was moved outside arrived, the crew reintegrated the did not omit sparks, smoke or create and balance requirements. From of the hangar to allow the science instruments just short of the other operational hazards that could there, each instrument was loaded experimenters to calibrate the mission beginning.

SOFIA/GREAT spectrum of Atomic oxygen detected oxygen superimposed on a Viking 1 composite image of Mars by in Martian atmosphere USGS University of Arizona. The amount of atomic oxygen Kassandra Bell computed from this SOFIA data SOFIA Science Center, NASA Ames Research Center is about half the amount expected. An instrument onboard the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) detected atomic oxygen in the atmosphere of Mars for the first time since the last observation 40 years ago. These atoms SOFIA/GREAT spectrum: NASA/ were found in the upper layers of the Martian atmosphere known as the DLR/USRA/DSI/MPIfR/GREAT Consortium/ MPIfS/Rezac et al. 2015. Mars page 3 Mars image: NASA X-Press June 2016 AIRBOS cover News is all-time top 5 at NASA The Aviation Week 100th Anniversary edition was recently pub- lished with a prominent award going to a project based at NASA Kavandi, Free Armstrong. There was a competition for selecting the best cover im- ages from the magazine’s 5,200 editions in multiple categories. The accept new NASA Armstrong air-to-air background oriented schlieren, or Air- BOS, image of shock waves from a United States Air Force Test Pilot NASA posts School T-38 that appeared on the cover of the digital magazine from Former astronaut Janet September 7, 2015, made the list of the five most memorable cov- ers. Researchers used NASA-developed image processing software to Kavandi is director of the remove the desert background, then combined and averaged multiple agency’s Glenn Research Center frames to produce a clear picture of the shock waves. in Cleveland. Kavandi served as Reproduced with permission Glenn’s deputy director since February 2015 before she was selected as the new director. Environmental plan reviewed Kavandi succeeds Jim Free, NASA Armstrong and Edwards would treat groundwater below the the Armstrong community. The who was named deputy associate Air Force Base personnel are center that was in the past impacted review is scheduled to be complete administrator for technical conducting the second five-year primarily by chlorinated solvents. in September 2016. programs in the agency’s Human review of groundwater below the The five-year review is Contact Jennifer Flavin, Exploration and Operations center. conducted to verify that the environmental manager at Jennifer. Mission Directorate. It was determined in 2006 solution continues to protect [email protected], or (661) 276- As director, Kavandi will lead that a combination of land use people and the environment. As 2909 for additional information, a center with more than 3,200 controls, groundwater monitoring part of the review, interviews will or if you wish to participate in the civil service and contractor and chemical oxidation treatment, be conducted with members of interview process. employees and an annual budget of approximately $580 million. Kavandi was selected as an Mars... from page 2 astronaut in December 1994. She is a veteran of three spaceflights, mesosphere. the Martian atmosphere. These more Astrophysics in 2015. serving as a mission specialist on Atomic oxygen affects how other recent observations were possible SOFIA is a Boeing 747SP the STS-91 mission in 1998, gases escape Mars and therefore has thanks to SOFIA’s airborne location, jetliner modified to carry a 100- STS-99 in 2000 and STS-104 in a significant impact on the planet’s flying between 37,000-45,000 feet, inch diameter telescope. It is 2001. Kavandi has logged more atmosphere. Scientists detected above most of the infrared-blocking a joint project of NASA and than 33 days in space. only about half the amount of moisture in Earth’s atmosphere. the German Aerospace Center. She has been recognized with oxygen expected, which may be The advanced detectors on one of NASA’s Ames Research Center a Presidential Rank Award, two due to variations in the Martian the observatory’s instruments, the manages the SOFIA program, NASA Outstanding Leadership atmosphere. Scientists will continue German Receiver for Astronomy at science and mission operations in Medals, two Exceptional Service to use SOFIA to study these Terahertz Frequencies (GREAT), cooperation with the Universities Medals and three NASA Space variations to help better understand enabled astronomers to distinguish Space Research Association Flight Medals. the atmosphere of the Red Planet. the oxygen in the Martian headquartered in Columbia, Free joined NASA in 1990 as “Atomic oxygen in the Martian atmosphere from oxygen in Earth’s Maryland, and the German SOFIA a propulsion engineer at NASA’s atmosphere is notoriously difficult atmosphere. Researchers presented Institute (DSI) at the University of Goddard Space Flight Center to measure,” said Pamela Marcum, their findings in a paper published Stuttgart. The aircraft is based at in Greenbelt, Maryland. His SOFIA project scientist. “To observe in the journal Astronomy and NASA Armstrong’s Hangar 703. first assignment at Glenn was in the far-infrared wavelengths needed 1999 as the International Space to detect atomic oxygen, researchers Rood, spectrum manager, passes Station liaison for the center’s must be above the majority of Fluids and Combustion Facility. Earth’s atmosphere and use highly Rich L. Rood, Armstrong spectrum manager, died April 5. He was From 2008 to 2009, Free was sensitive instruments, in this case a in his 60s. the Orion Test and Verification spectrometer. SOFIA provides both He began his 27-year career at Armstrong (then Dryden) as an Manager at NASA’s Johnson capabilities.” instrumentation engineer and worked on the F/A-18 High Alpha Space Center in Houston. In The Viking and Mariner Research Vehicle program. 2010, he was appointed Glenn’s missions of the 1970s made the last People who knew him said he was well liked and Range Operations deputy director and named measurements of atomic oxygen in branch coworkers said they will miss him. director in January 2013. X-Press June 2016

By Jay Levine analysis. X-Press editor “CPAS provided a lot of data NASA’s Orion space program collection on the parachute’s representatives came to Armstrong performance and photo and video recently to honor employees’ documentation gives us unique contributions and talk about the Orion views on key events that are used space program. in helping in the evaluation of the Charles Lundquist, NASA system,” Johnson added. “Certifying Orion deputy program manager, parachutes for human spaceflight is C.J. Johnson, Orion project not easy.” manager for the Capsule Parachute In addition to work on EFT-1, Assembly System (CPAS), Ann support Armstrong is supporting CPAS Bufkin, Orion CPAS test engineer during the qualification testing for and Barbara Zelon, Orion program EM-1. A successful flight is a step communications manager, also Armstrong honored for role, toward a manned mission in the learned details of the center’s early 2020s. support during their visit. officials talk about the future EM-1 is a proving ground mission. “We are thrilled to be here,” said The proving ground is the space near Lundquist. “We appreciate your Earth and extending beyond the contributions to manned space moon’s orbit where we demonstrate flight and the Orion, and we are human and technical capabilities excited about the progress we are for long-duration space exploration making.” with the goal of achieving Earth During the award ceremony, independence and readiness to Lundquist presented Armstrong proceed on the long voyage to Mars. Deputy Director Patrick Stoliker “EM-1 will validate that the with an American flag that was systems are safe and reliable because flown aboard the Orion capsule the next time it counts – when we during the Exploration Flight have astronauts aboard,” Lundquist Test-1 (EFT-1) mission on Dec. 5, said. 2014. NASA Armstrong is supporting NASA’s Ikhana remotely Orion launch abort system flight test piloted aircraft, which is based at development, including preparations Armstrong, was used to capture live ED14-0341-25 NASA/Carla Thomas for the Ascent Abort-2 (AA-2) video during the Orion re-entry in 2019. Armstrong will provide NASA’s Ikhana remotely piloted aircraft, based at Armstrong, was used to and landing. Planning is ongoing development flight instrumentation observe and transmit the Orion capsule’s return from space and its landing. for the Ikhana to again be available for AA-2. Armstrong also manages for the re-entry at the conclusion the NASA contract for the Abort Test of the Orion and Space Launch Booster, which will be used for the System Exploration Mission-1 AA-2 launch. (EM-1) certification mission The Orion spacecraft and the Space expected in 2018. Launch System (SLS) exploration “We learned about some of the rocket will enable humans to travel challenges today of how the team into deep space on NASA’s journey here was able to get the Ikhana to to Mars. Teams across the country the right place, at the right time are making steady progress toward to provide the impressive footage their first integrated flight, including of Orion’s re-entry,” Johnson said. building a revitalized launch “We appreciate what you were able complex at Kennedy Space Center to acquire.” in Florida. To support CPAS, Armstrong Armstrong, Edwards Air Force provides air-to-air aircraft imagery Base and many suppliers in and chase plane support for the California contribute to making C-17 airlaunch of the system Orion and SLS missions successful tested at the U.S. Army’s Yuma and enabling NASA’s journey to Proving Ground. Photography ED14-0375-165 NASA/Jim Ross Mars. The Orion and SLS programs and videography is used for test Armstrong supports Orion parachute tests in Yuma, Arizona, with chase air- collectively have 762 suppliers reconstruction and parachute craft and photo and video documentation. Images like this one help engineers and subcontractor companies in performance photogrammetric to see aspects of the flight that offer clues to resolving system challenges. California. X-Press June 2016 Armstrong employees honored Charles Lundquist, NASA Orion deputy program manager, and C.J. Johnson, Orion project manager for the Capsule Parachute Assembly System (CPAS), recognized Armstrong teams’ support at a recent ceremony at the center. The teams supported NASA’s Armstrong-based Ikhana aircraft that captured live video during the Dec. 5, 2014, Orion re-entry and landing and CPAS assistance. Armstrong provides air-to-air AFRC2016-0133-08 NASA/Ken Ulbrich aircraft imagery and chase plane Armstrong members of the Ikhana Imagery Team were recognized for their roles with the vehicle’s capture and trans- support for the C-17 airlaunch of mission of the Orion capsule’s re-entry and landing. C.J. Johnson, far left, and Charles Lundquist, far right, present the CPAS system. team members with certificates. Team members, beginning from second to left, are Al Guajardo, Tom Rood (accepting The Ikhana Imagery Teamfor Rich Rood), Tim Burt, Stephanie Crutcher (formerly Allison), Andy Gutierrez, Tim Peters, Kevin Rohrer, Jesus was recognized for outstanding Vazquez, John Del Frate, Jeremy Clay, Russ James, Joe Innis, Maricio Rivas, Greg Strombo, Robert Racicot, Scott achievement in planning and Howe, Kathleen Howell and Hernan Posada. executing real-time imagery of the first Orion Crew Module descent from space during the Exploration Armstrong Deputy Center Flight Test 1 mission. Director Pat Stoliker, left, Members of that team include accepts an American flag Stephanie Crutcher (formerly from Charles Lundquist, Allison), Terry Bishop, Greg NASA Orion deputy program Buoni, Daniel Burgdorf, Tim Burt, manager. The flag was flown Maria Caballero, Larry Camacho, aboard the Orion capsule Gus Carreno, Jeremy Clay, Paul during the Exploration Flight Clinton, John Del Frate, Maj. Test-1 mission on Dec. 5, Nicholas Devereaux, Mike Drew, 2014. Ashley Edwards, Al Guajardo, Bob Guere, Andy Gutierrez and Scott Howe. Honorees, page 6 AFRC2016-0133-05 NASA/Ken Ulbrich Armstrong members of the Support Fleet Maintenance team were recognized for their roles with the Orion EFT-1 Capsule Parachute As- sembly testing. C.J. Johnson, far left, and Charles Lun- dquist, far right, present team members with certificates. Team members, beginning from second to left, are Dan AFRC2016-0133-05 NASA/Ken Ulbrich Batcho, Dale Hogg, Chris C.J. Johnson, left, and Charles Lun- Brooke, Richard Cordes, Jim dquist, right, present Michelle Haupt McNally, Sam Habbal, Paul of the Operations Engineering team Sichenzia and Tim Logan. with a certificate. AFRC2016-0133-13 NASA/Ken Ulbrich X-Press June 2016

AFRC2016-0133-11 NASA/Ken Ulbrich AFRC2016-0133-10 NASA/Ken Ulbrich C.J. Johnson, far left, and Charles Lundquist, far right, present Aircraft Main- C.J. Johnson, far left, and Charles Lundquist, far right, present Life Support tenance and Engineering team members with certificates. From second to left team members with certificates. From second to left, are Pedro Villegas, Dave are Angelo De La Rosa, April Bailey and Walter Kondracki. Sermon and Phil Wellner.

Honorees... from page 5 The team also included Kathleen and Ken Wilson. Brett Thomas members Charlie Aguirre, Jerrod Howell, Joseph Innis, Russ James, Armstrong employees recognized • Life Support team members Anderson, Dan Batcho, Chris Gregory Kyle, Dane Lariosa, for dedication and outstanding Raymond Kinney, Wason Miles, Brooke, Richard Cordes, Sharay Lyndel Lohberger, Lori Losey, support of the Orion EFT-1 Capsule Richard Nires, Dave Sermon, Dylewsky, Delman Ellis, Nick Felix, David McAllister, Staff Sgt. Maria Parachute Assembly Team included: Pedro Villegas and Phil Wellner Jessy Gray, Sam Habbal, Dale Hogg, Moresco, Melissa Newell, Joe • Pilot’s Office team members • Aircraft and Maintenance and Tim Logan, Genaro Martinez, Jim Nixon, Guy Noffsinger, SteveManny Antimisiaris, Troy Asher, Engineering team members April McNally, Bob Pimofsky, Norm Parcel, Tim Peters, Hernan Posada, Frank Batteas, Stu Broce, Richard Bailey, Angelo De La Rosa, Walter Roberson, Manny Rodriguez, Paul Robert Racicot, Patrick Ray, Lt. Ewers, Nils Larson, James Less, Kondracki, Brittany Martin and Sichenzia, Mario Soto, Danielle Col. Walter Reiss, Mauricio Rivas, Dean Neeley, Hernan Posada, Keith Rossman Stewart, Paul Tremlin and Scott Zinn Hector Rodriguez, Kevin Rohrer, Wayne Ringelberg, Jim Smolka, • Operation Engineering staff • Photography/Videography team Rich Rood, Kelly Snapp, Greg Denis Steele and Tim Williams including Kirsten Fogg, Michelle members Michael Agnew, Lori Strombo, Rosalia Toberman, Master • Operations Desk team members Haupt and Mark Nicholson Losey, James Ross, Brian Soukup Sgt. Brian Toward, Jesus Vazquez Patricia Kinn, Denise Ryan and • Support Fleet Maintenance team and Carla Thomas

AFRC2016-0133-14 NASA/Ken Ulbrich AFRC2016-0133-9 NASA/Ken Ulbrich C.J. Johnson, far left, and Charles Lundquist, far right, present Photo/Video C.J. Johnson, far left, and Charles Lundquist, far right, present Pilot’s Office team members with certificates. From second to left, are Michael Agnew, team members with certificates. From second to left, are Tim Williams, Her- Brian Soukup, James Ross and Carla Thomas. nan Posada, Dean Neeley and Frank Batteas. X-Press June 2016

NASA Social... from page 1 sound barrier. Attendees heard sonic booms from a NASA F/A-18 supersonic aircraft in level flight as well as witnessed demonstrations of a special flight technique that mimics the magnitude of the much quieter sonic booms that the QueSST aircraft is being designed to achieve in level flight. Philip Belzeski, a Boise State University physics major who is popular on Twitter for his music, said he has worked with astronauts and wants to be one in the future. He heard his first sonic boom. “The first sonic boom was shocking,” he explained. “I was startled. The other demonstration flights sounded more like dropping a mattress (from an aircraft).” A panel including Richwine, Jones, Peter Iosifidis, Lockheed ED15-0138-01 NASA/Carla Thomas Martin program manager for the QueSST contract, and NASA The aircraft based at Armstrong that are used in the Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration in the National Airspace Armstrong aerospace engineer Ed System project include, front from left, a TG-14, a T-34C and the Ikhana remotely piloted aircraft. The back row from Haering and NASA Armstrong left includes a B-200, a G-III and a C-90. pilot Jim Less, answered questions assist a remote pilot to maintain a about supersonic aircraft and safe separation from other air traffic. various schlieren processes, which NASA’s remotely piloted Ikhana, capture images of the air density based at Armstrong, is validating changes around aircraft as it travels sensors that detect other aircraft supersonically. from further distances. Other Britt Dietz, who is popular aircraft with similar systems are on Facebook for his aviation called cooperative aircraft in the photography, said he was fascinated simulations. Aircraft that do not by the use of filters and the sun to have such systems, like general produce stunning images. aviation aircraft, are considered The second part of the social non-cooperative aircraft and Ikhana focused on UAS Integration in uses radar to detect those aircraft. the NAS (UAS-NAS) with a Command and control allows a presentation by Laurie Grindle, pilot to fly with a radio and support NASA UAS-NAS project manager, infrastructure to facilitate a move and Sam Kim, NASA UAS-NAS from one tower to another. integrated test and evaluation Human factors allow for design project engineer for Armstrong. of ground displays that serve as To complete the work needed AFRC2016-0154-026 NASA/Ken Ulbrich the interface of sense and avoid and command and control. for UAS integration, all four Tom Jones, NASA Commercial Supersonic Technology associate project man- These displays provide the pilot aeronautics centers including Ames ager based at Armstrong, explains components of NASA’s supersonic research information such as traffic alerts Research Center in California, including the proposed Quiet Supersonic Technology demonstrator illustrated that allow the aircraft to remain Armstrong, Glenn Research Center in the background, which is currently under design by Lockheed Martin. in Ohio and NASA Langley are clear of congested areas. tackling aspects of the challenge to Procedures and standards, and a provision that a UAS have the Live distributed systems allow reduce technology barriers to UAS infrastructure tests to evaluate those capability to see and avoid other virtual aircraft to interact, so pilots integration in the NAS. The goal is standards, are part of that effort. aircraft. To meet that goal, UAS can work with many “intruder” ultimately to have routine National For example, a Federal Aviation industry partners developed a aircraft safely. The UAS Integration Airspace System access for UAS. Administration regulation includes sense-and-avoid technology to Event, page 8 X-Press June 2016

AFRC2016-0154-210 NASA/Kyria Luxon AFRC2016-0154-149 NASA/Kyria Luxon A NASA Social attendee at NASA Armstrong takes a picture of herself with Britt Dietz, who is popular on Facebook for his aviation photography, asks a pilots Nils Larson, from left, Mark Pestana, Hernan Posada and Scott Howe. question at the NASA Social.

Event... from page 7 into the NAS project is expected Administration on what the to continue looking at solutions to minimum standards should be. remaining challenges, potentially Another question was what through 2020, Grindle said. happens if the Ikhana loses “There still is a pilot in the loop on communication with the ground the ground and in communication control station. In that case, Posada with the aircraft,” Kim explained. said, Ikhana is programed to return “Many systems are autonomous, but home. there are a lot of human factors.” Attendees were able to see Grindle, Kim and Debra Randall, supersonic aircraft such as a NASA NASA UAS-NAS chief systems F/A-18 used in the flight earlier in engineer, and Hernan Posada, UAS- the day, and the Ikhana remotely NAS pilot, sat on a panel to answer piloted aircraft that is a part of the questions. UAS in the NAS work. Participants asked about cyber NASA Social attendees learned security. Panel members said about aspects of supersonic flight AFRC2016-0154-170 NASA/Kyria Luxon security is included in the standards and UAS systems. Regardless of and what kind of protection a data how fast or slow an aircraft flies, Laurie Grindle, NASA Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration in the Na- link requires. Researchers work NASA researchers are working on tional Airspace System project manager, explains how the project is validating closely with the Federal Aviation it. technologies.

The X-Press is published the first Friday of National Aeronautics and each month for civil servants, contractors Space Administration and retirees of the NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center. NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center Address: P.O. Box 273, P.O. Box 273 Building 4800, MS 1422 Edwards, California, 93523-0273 Edwards, California, 93523-0273 Phone: 661-276-3449 Official Business FAX: 661-276-3167 Penalty for Private Use, $300 Editor: Jay Levine, Logical Innovations, ext. 3459

Managing Editor: Steve Lighthill, NASA

Chief, Strategic Communications: Kevin Rohrer, NASA