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Planetary Science Update

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Planetary Science Update Planetary Science Division Status Report Jim Green NASA, Planetary Science Division October 11, 2017 Presentation at LEAG Planetary Science Missions Events 2016 March – Launch of ESA’s ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter July 4 – Juno inserted in Jupiter orbit * Completed September 8 – Launch of Asteroid mission OSIRIS – REx to asteroid Bennu September 30 – Landing Rosetta on comet CG October 19 – ExoMars EDM landing and TGO orbit insertion 2017 January 4 – Discovery Mission selection announced February 9-20 - OSIRIS-REx began Earth-Trojan search April 22 – Cassini begins plane change maneuver for the “Grand Finale” August 22 – Solar Eclipse across America September 15 – Cassini end of mission at Saturn September 22 – OSIRIS-REx Earth flyby October 28 – International Observe the Moon night (1st quarter) 2018 May 5 - Launch InSight mission to Mars August – OSIRIS-REx arrival at Bennu October – Launch of ESA’s BepiColombo to Mercury November 26 – InSight landing on Mars 2019 January 1 – New Horizons flyby of Kuiper Belt object 2014MU69 Formulation Implementation Primary Ops BepiColombo Lunar Extended Ops (ESA) Reconnaissance Orbiter Lucy New Horizons Psyche Juno Dawn JUICE (ESA) ExoMars 2016 MMX MAVEN MRO (ESA) (JAXA) Mars Express Mars (ESA) Odyssey OSIRIS-REx ExoMars 2020 (ESA) Mars Rover Opportunity Curiosity InSight 2020 Rover Rover NEOWISE Europa Clipper Discovery Program Discovery Program NEO characteristics: Mars evolution: Lunar formation: Nature of dust/coma: Solar wind sampling: NEAR (1996-1999) Mars Pathfinder (1996-1997) Lunar Prospector (1998-1999) Stardust (1999-2011) Genesis (2001-2004) Comet diversity: Mercury environment: Comet internal structure: Lunar Internal Structure Main-belt asteroids: CONTOUR (2002) MESSENGER (2004-2015) Deep Impact (2005-2012) GRAIL (2011-2012) Dawn (2007-TBD) Exoplanets Lunar surface: ESA/Mercury Surface: Mars Interior: Trojan Asteroids: Metal Asteroids: Kepler (2009-TBD) LRO (2009-TBD) Strofio (2017-TBD) InSight (2018) Lucy (2021) Psyche (2022) NEW Discovery Missions For Flight Launch in 2022 Launch in 2021 14 New Frontiers Program New Frontiers Program 1st NF mission 2nd NF mission 3rd NF mission New Horizons: Juno: OSIRIS-REx: Pluto-Kuiper Belt Jupiter Polar Orbiter Asteroid Sample Return LauncHed January 2006 LauncHed August 2011 LauncHed September 2016 Flyby July 14, 2015 Arrived July 4, 2016 PI: Dante Lauretta (UA) PI: Alan Stern (SwRI-CO) PI: Scott Bolton (SwRI-TX) New Frontiers 4 AO Investigations (listed without priority): – Comet SurFace Sample Return – Lunar South Pole-Aitken Basin Sample Return – Ocean Worlds (Titan, Enceladus) – Saturn Probe – Trojan Tour and Rendezvous – Venus In Situ Explorer 12 Proposals received on …................................ April 28, 2017 Step-1 Selections Announced (target).............. December 2017 Phase A Concept Study Reports due................. January 2018 Downselection for FligHt (target)...................... July 2019 (target) LauncH Readiness Date..................................... NLT Dec. 31, 2025 NAS Studies for Planetary Science Timeline of Studies • 1st Planetary decadal: 2002-2012 • 2nd Planetary decadal: 2013-2022 • Cubesat Review: Completed June 2016 • Extended Missions Review: Completed Sept 2016 • R&A Restructuring Review: Completed June 2017 • SearcHing For LiFe Across Space & Time Sept 2017 • Large Strategic NASA Science Missions – Tasked December 23, 2015 – Report to NASA August 24, 2017 • Midterm evaluation: – Tasked August 26, 2016 – Cubesats, EX Missions, R&A Restructuring & Large Strategic Missions will be input – Expect report to NASA due March 2018 • Sample Analysis Investment Strategy (to start soon) • 3rd Planetary Decadal: 2023-2032 – To be tasked before October 2019 – Expect report to NASA due 1st quarter 2022 • CAPS reviewed completed studies and recommended several more to be completed Mission Studies Completed so Far • Mars orbiter – 2015 MEPAG’s Next Orbiter Science Analysis Group • Uranus and Neptune (Ice Giants) system missions – 2017 NASA science deFinition team report • Europa lander – 2017 NASA science deFinition team report • Venus orbiter and lander (Venera-D) – 2017 joint U.S.-Russian science deFinition team report CAPS Priority Areas Candidates for Large or Medium Class Mission Studies (Unprioritized) Venus exploration missions Additional concepts beyond tHe Venera-D orbiter and lander Lunar science missions Understanding interior processes and polar volatiles (Volatiles SAT Team-2) Mars sample-return next-step missions Mission elements beyond Mars 2020 necessary For second and tHird pHases oF a Mars sample-return campaign Mars medium-class missions Multiple mobile explorers, polar explorers, & liFe-detection. Investigations responsive to new discoveries Dwarf planet missions Large- & medium-class mission concepts to Ceres, Pluto, Triton Io science (NEW FRONTIERS FIVE) Reexamine mission to Io Saturn system missions AfFordable, large strategic missions tHat visit multiple targets Dedicated space telescope For solar Dynamic phenomena on planetary bodies system science Lunar Science for Landed Missions WorksHop • Purpose: Define priority targets For landed missions on tHe Moon, primarily, but not exclusively, for commercial exploration Firms interested in pursuing ventures on the Moon. Pursuant to tHe Planetary Decadal science goals. • Report tHe community consensus of priority landed targets, witH tHe potential oF future solicitations for science-focused payloads at sucH target sites. • January 10-12, 2018 @ NASA Ames ResearcH Center – https://lunar-landing.arc.nasa.gov/ • November 10, 2017 – Abstracts Due Date – The science/exploration question(s) to be addressed at tHe site; – Any relevant inFormation about landing site cHaracterization; – WhetHer or not mobility is needed (as opposed to desired); – WhetHer or not sample return is essential to answering tHe question(s) or can in situ data suffice. Possible Sample to Gateway For Return to EartH PSD CubeSats/SmallSats SMD Planetary CubeSat Missions O/OREOS INSPIRE Spacecraft O/OREOS MARCO Q-PACE INSPIRE LunaH-Map PI Ricco Asmar Colwell KlesH Hardgrove Size 3U 6U (2) 3U 3U 6U Goals Investigate how Provide real-time data Investigate Demonstrate deep space Create detailed map microorganisms and relay using two properties oF low- CubeSat in EartH-escape of tHe moon’s water organic molecules redundant 6U velocity particle orbit; Demo operations, content at lunar respond to tHe space CubeSats during collision in communications, and SoutH Pole in environment InSigHt EDL at Mars. microgravity navigation in deep space. preparation For exploration. Science Area Planetary Science; Mission Operations Planetary Science; TecHnology Lunar Water Astrobiology acreation Demonstration Status Launched Nov. 2010; In Development; LRD In Development; In Development; LAUNCH: In Development; Mission Success May 2018 witH InsigHt LRD Dec. 2017 TBD, selected by the LRD Nov 2018 to Mars Cubesat Launch onboard SLS/EM-1 Initiative, awaiting manifest 17 Planetary CubeSats/SmallSats • A National Academies Report (2016) concluded tHat CubeSats have proven their ability to produce higH- value science. • In particular, CubeSats are useFul as targeted investigations to augment tHe capabilities oF larger missions or to make a HigHly-specific measurement. • SMD is developing a directorate-wide approacH tHat Has Four objectives: – Identify HigH-priority science objectives in each discipline that can be addressed with CubeSats/SmallSats – Manage program witH appropriate cost and risk – EstablisH a multi-discipline approach and collaboration that helps science teams learn From experiences and grow capability, wHile avoiding unnecessary duplication – Leverage and partner with a growing commercial sector to collaboratively drive instrument and sensor innovation • Unique cHallenges for Smallsats at Planetary destinations Planetary Science Deep Space SmallSat Studies • NASA Research Announcement released August 19, 2016 • Solicited concept studies for potential CubeSats and SmallSats – Concepts sought For 1U to ESPA-class missions – Up to $100M mission concept studies considered – Not constrained to Fly witH an existing mission • Objectives: – What Planetary Science investigations can be done witH smallsats? – What tecHnology development is needed to enable tHem? – What’s tHe anticipated cost range? • Received 102 proposals SmallSat TecHnology PSDS3: Planetary Science Deep Space Small Satellite Studies • 19 awards ($6 M investment over one year) • Concept studies to scope science capability and cost oF small secondary missions Venus Valeria Cottini, CUVE - Cubesat UV Experiment Attila KomjatHy, Seismicity Investigation on Venus Using Airglow Measurements Tibor Kremic, Seismic and AtmospHeric Exploration oF Venus (SAEVe) ChristopHe Sotin, Cupid's Arrow Moon David Draper, Innovative Strategies For Lunar SurFace Exploration Charles Hibbitts, Lunar Water Assessment, Transportation, and Resource Mission Christophe Sotin (JPL) NoaH Petro, Mini Lunar Volatiles (MiLUV) Mission Cupid’s Arrow spacecraft concept Suzanne Romaine, CubeSat X-ray Telescope (CubeX) TimotHy Stubbs, Bi-sat Observations oF tHe Lunar AtmospHere above Swirls (BOLAS) Small Bodies Benton Clark, CAESAR: CubeSat Asteroid Encounters For Science and Reconnaissance Tilak Hewagama, Primitive Object Volatile Explorer (PrOVE) JeFFrey Plescia, APEX: Asteroid Probe Experiment Mars AntHony Colaprete, Aeolus - to study tHe tHermal and wind environment oF Mars MicHael Collier, PRISM: Phobos RegolitH Ion Sample Mission Robert Lillis, Mars Ion and
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