Overview of the ISECG Mission Scenario

NASA/R. Martinez Chair, International Architecture Working Group

April 10, 2014 ISECG Mission Scenario

2020 2030 Low- Orbit International Space Station Robotic Mission Commercial or Government-Owned Platforms Human Mission Beyond Low-Earth Orbit Cargo Mission Test Missions

Asteroid Redirection Rosetta Hayabusa-2 OSIRIS-REx (Sample Return) (Sample Return) Explore Near Earth Asteroid Near-Earth Objects Apophis Extended Staging Post for Crew Duration to Lunar Surface Lunar Vicinity Crew Missions Potential Commercial Opportunities

LADEE Luna 26 RESOLVE SELENE-2 Luna 28/29 SELENE-3 Human-Assisted (Sample Sample Return Humans to Lunar Surface Chandrayaan-2 Return) Potential Commercial Opportunities

Human-Assisted Sample Return Sustainable Human MAVEN ISRO Mars ExoMars InSight ExoMars Mars JAXA Mars Sample Return Mission Missions to the Orbiter Mission 2016 2018 2020 Mars Opportunities Mars System Mars Precursor Human Scale EDL Test Mission Opportunities

Multi-Destination Small Human Transportation Cargo Surface Capabilities Initial Lander Mobility (Planned and Conceptual) Cargo Delivery

Evolvable Russian Advanced Deep Space Orion Orion & Icon indicates first use opportunity. & Piloted Electric & SLS Crewed SLS Commercial/Institutional launchers not shown. Habitat SLS Propulsion (Upgrade) Lunar (Upgrade) System Lander ISS for Exploraon

Maturing crical systems, tesng technologies, human research, & tesng ops techniques. Exploraon of a Near Earth Asteroid Human exploraon of an asteroid which has been captured and redirected to lunar vicinity

Enabling Capabilies Contribuons to Mars Mission Readiness Demonstraon of the following core capabilies: • Space Launch System and Orion • 30-50kW Solar Electric Propulsion NASA’s SLS Advanced Electric Extra Vehicular System and Orion Propulsion Acvity • Spacewalk, rendezvous, proximity operaons, docking or grapple, deep Mission Acvies space navigaon and communicaons. • Characterize the composion of the asteroid • Idenfy any resources and assess their potenal for extracon • Apply human evaluaon capabilies to select samples for return to Earth laboratories • Demonstrang sample acquision, caching, storage operaons, and crew transfer operaons for future human-assisted sample return mission. Extended Duraon Crew Missions Visits to an evolvable Deep Space Habitat in the lunar vicinity

Enabling Capabilies Contribuons to Mars Mission Readiness • Demonstrate deep space exploraon capabilies such as SLS, Orion, advanced Russian crew transportaon capabilies and life support systems, achieving an Evolvable Deep Cargo NASA’s SLS and Russian Piloted acceptable level of risk prior to travel to Orion System Space Habitat Delivery desnaons away from the relave safety of Earth’s orbit Mission Acvies • Demonstrate autonomous crew • Advancing deep space human space operaon capability flight operaons and techniques, • Demonstrate operaons with reduced including staging operaons supply chain • Conducng high priority science • Increase experience with complex deep benefing from human presence, space staging operaons including human-assisted lunar • Advance core technologies and sample return. radiaon protecon strategies for long • Tesng technologies and subsystems duraon missions benefing from the deep space • Demonstrate interacve human and environment roboc operaons analogous to Mars • Characterizing human health and operaonal concepts performance in a deep space • Gain experience with solar electric environment propulsion used on a crewed spacecra Humans to the Lunar Surface Using evolvable Deep Space Habitat as staging post Enabling Capabilies Contribuons to Mars Mission Readiness • Demonstrate staging operaons with an Earth- return vehicle • Demonstrate extended crew Cargo NASA’s SLS Russian Piloted Evolvable Deep mobility and habitaon and Orion System Space Habitat Delivery systems • Demonstrate advanced Mission Acvies power systems • Test advanced surface power technologies • Characterize human health • Address high priority objecves of the science and performance, combining community which benefit from human surface deep space and paral gravity presence environment exposure • Characterize human health and performance in a • Demonstrate operaons paral gravity environment concepts and enhanced crew • Demonstrate long distance mobility concepts autonomy for surface • Explore concepts for human-roboc partnership exploraon in planetary surface exploraon • Potenally provide the • Ulize precision landing technologies opportunity for advancing demonstrated on roboc missions concepts related to the use of • Explore landing sites of interest for extended local resources duraons