Addis Ababa City Structure Plan DRAFT FINAL SUMMARY REPORT (2017-2027) AACPPO Table of Content Part I Introduction 1-31 1.1 The Addis Ababa City Development Plan (2002-2012) in Retrospect 2 1.2 The National Urban System 1.2 .1 The State of Urbanization and Urban System 4 1.2 .2 The Proposed National Urban System 6 1.3 The New Planning Approach 1.3.1 The Planning Framework 10 1.3.2 The Planning Organization 11 1.3.3 The Legal framework 14 1.4 Governance and Finance 1.4.1 Governance 17 1.4.2 Urban Governance Options and Models 19 1.4.3 Proposal 22 1.4.4 Finance 24 Part II The Structure Plan 32-207 1. Land Use 1.1 Existing Land Use 33 1.2 The Concept 36 1.3 The Proposal 42 2. Centres 2.1 Existing Situation 50 2.2 Hierarchical Organization of Centres 55 2.3 Major Premises and Principles 57 2.4 Proposals 59 2.5 Local development Plans for centres 73 3. Transport and the Road Network 3.1 Existing Situation 79 3.2 New Paradigm for Streets and Mobility 87 3.3 Proposals 89 4. Social Services 4.1 Existing Situation 99 4.2 Major Principles 101 4.3 Proposals 102 i 5. Municipal Services 5.1 Existing Situation 105 5.2 Main Principles and Considerations 107 5.3 Proposals 107 6. Housing 6.1 Housing Demand 110 6.2 Guiding Principles, Goals and Strategies 111 6.3 Housing Typologies and Land Requirement 118 6.4 Housing Finance 120 6.5 Microeconomic Implications 121 6.6 Institutional Arrangement and Regulatory Intervention 122 6.7 Phasing 122 7. Social Development 7.1 Conceptual Framework 125 7.2 Existing Challenges 126 7.3 Proposed Solutions 130 8. Local Economic Development 8.1 Existing Situation 136 8.2 Major Premise 141 8.3 Proposals 143 8.4 Major Collaboration Areas 149 9. Industry 9.1 Major Government Policies and Regulations 151 9.2 Existing Situation and Main Challenges 153 9.3 Main concept 157 9.4 Proposals 160 10. Environment 10.1 Existing Situation 166 10.2 Concepts and Principles 170 10.3 Proposals 173 10.4 Geo-Environment 180 11. Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture 11.1 Existing Situation 183 11.2 Demand and Supply of Some High Value Agricultural Products 184 11.3 Concepts 188 11.4 Proposals 191 12. Tourism 12.1 Definitions 197 ii 12.2 Existing Situation 199 12.3 Proposals 202 12.4 Specific Projects 204 Part III Implementation Strategies and Tools 1. Building Height Regulation 208-217 1.1 Introduction 208 1.2 Existing Challenges and Opportunities 209 1.3 Main Principles and Goals 211 1.4 The Regulation 212 2. Norms and Standards (2016-2040) 218-283 2.1 Introduction and Objectives 218 2.2 Mixed Residence 221 2.3 Environment 224 2.4 Manufacturing and Storage 239 2.5 Transport and Street Network 241 2.6 Utility Infrastructure 259 2.7 Social Services 264 2.8 Municipal Services 269 2.9 Centres 273 2.10 Market Areas 276 2.11 Historical Buildings and Sites 279 2.12 Special Projects 279 2.13 Protected Areas 280 2.14 Urban Redevelopment 282 2.15 Environmental Impact Assessment 283 3. The Strategic Plan 284-308 3.1 Introduction 284 3.2 Transport and the Road Network 286 3.3 Housing 292 3.4 Centres 295 3.5 Environment 297 3.6 Industry 301 3.7 Capacity Building 303 3.8 Required Finance and Sources 304 iii List of Tables Table 1 Revenue type (2009-2014) 25 Table 2 Tax buoyancy and elasticity (2009-2014) 26 Table 3 Forecasted revenue from additional sources (2009-2014) 26 Table 4 Forecast revenue (2016-2025) 28 Table 5 Estimated expenditure and financing strategy to implement the Structure Plan in 30 Millions (a) Table 6 Estimated expenditure and financing strategy to implement the Structure Plan in 31 Millions (b) Table 7 Land use proportion of the Structure Plan 48 Table 8 Special Projects 49 Table 9 Land requirement per secondary centre 64 Table 10 Land requirements per tertiary centre 66 Table 11 Street share 92 Table 12 Estimated housing need (2013-2023) 111 Table 13 Distribution of households by income group 112 Table 14 Built up ratio in selected condominium housing sites 116 Table 15 Proposed housing typologies 118 Table 16 Proposed Phasing 123 Table 17 Distribution and financial requirement to build 1,200,000 units during 2013-2023 124 Table 18 Industry investment trend by type (1992 - 2011) 155 Table 19 Recreational parks 179 Table 20 Special function parks 179 Table 21 Existing Land use for UPA in Addis Ababa 184 Table 22 Proposed institutions and locations 196 Table 23 Zoning and building height regulation provisions 215 Table 24 Density standard in mixed residential land use 221 Table 25 Residence share in a building inside mixed residential land use 222 Table 26 Share of the built up area, green area and street network in mixed residence land 222 use Table 27 Land uses allowed in mixed residential area with strict supervision 223 Table 28 Functions allowed in mixed residence land use but restricted to certain locations 223 Table 29 Prohibited functions in mixed residence land use 223 Table 30 Urban agriculture and permitted functions 224 Table 31 Standards for Multifunctional forest and river buffer 225 Table 32 Public park hierarchy, size and catchment 225 Table 33 Woreda park design (0.3-1ha) 226 Table 34 Elements of a public park 226 Table 35 Locations of Special Parks 227 iv Table 36 Elements of Yeka Theme Park 227 Table 37 Elements of Bole Woregenu Park 228 Table 38 River buffer development standard 229 Table 39 Indigenous trees and shrubs 231 Table 40 Types of vegetation 232 Table 41 Waste management facilities standard 238 Table 42 Location of Manufacturing and storage 239 Table 43 Classification of roads and width 242 Table 44 Standard for street spacing 242 Table 45 Design speed standard 243 Table 46 Street furniture 250 Table 47 Parking space requirement for buildings 253 Table 48 Pedestrian lane width standard 254 Table 49 Street intersection, spacing, junctions and crossings 255 Table 50 Minimum horizontal distance between utility lines in meter 259 Table 51 Minimum covering by soil or selected material of utility lines in meters 260 Table 52 Minimum underground clearance between telephone lines and other utility lines 263 Table 53 Space requirement and building typology standard for schools 264 Table 54 Minimum elements of different levels of schools 265 Table 55 Health facilities and planning catchment 267 Table 56 Area size requirement for health facilities 268 Table 57 Sport facility standard per administrative hierarchy 268 Table 58 Area standard for abattoir 272 Table 59 Catchment and area requirement for a Secondary Centre 274 Table 60 Catchment and area requirement for a Tertiary Centre 274 Table 61 Catchment and area requirement for a Woreda Centre 275 Table 62 Market hierarchy and location 276 Table 63 Livestock market standard 278 Table 64 Area standard for special projects 279 Table 65 Maximum building height in aviation restricted zone 281 Table 66 Roads to be constructed at sub-city level 290 Table 67 Total number of housing units and the required size and location of land 293 Table 68 Centre development 295 Table 69 Green development 297 v Table 70 Liquid waste management 298 Table 71 Solid waste management 298 Table 72 Pollution control 299 Table 73 Required finance for industry land preparation 301 Table 74 Required finance for capacity development 303 Table 75 Total required finance in billions 304 Figures Figure 1 Sugar factories 5 Figure 2 Framework for the National Urban System 9 Figure 3 Revenue collected by the Addis Ababa City Government (2009-2014) 24 Figure 4 The Concept Plan 43 Figure 5 Existing major markets and challenges 55 Figure 6 Alternatives in the evolution of urban region 56 Figure 7 Polycentric urban system 56 Figure 8 Major goals for the Main City Centre 60 Figure 9 Centres' organization 62 Figure 10 Major proposals of the MCC core 69 Figure 11 MCC districts 73 Figure 12 Central park, view from transport hub 75 Figure 13 Plaza on Andinet square- 3D 75 Figure 14 Main City Centre land use map 76 Figure 15 Kality sub centre- perspective from the north 78 Figure 16 Ongoing and future projects 78 Figure 17 kality sub-centre proposed land use plan 78 Figure 18 Modal share 80 Figure 19 Anbessa bus route 81 Figure 20 Road inventory 84 Figure 21 Transport concept plan 89 Figure 22 Transport network 91 Figure 23 Road network 93 Figure 24 Passenger and freight terminals 95 Figure 25 Car parking 96 vi Figure 26 Proposed housing delivery options 113 Figure 27 BGI waste water treatment site 156 Figure 28 Eastern Industry Zone Gate 157 Figure 29 Diagram of Industrial Park 158 Figure 30 Industrial Park Seating 162 Figure 31 Locations of major monuments 201 Figure 32 Building Height Regulation and Aviation Zones 217 Figure 33 Street section (a) of Principal Arterial Road inside the inner ring road 244 Figure 34 Street section (b) of Principal Arterial Road inside the inner ring road 244 Figure 35 Street section (a) of Principal Arterial Road outside the inner ring road 245 Figure 36 Street section (b) of Principal Arterial Road outside the inner ring road 245 Figure 37 Street section (a) of Sub-Arterial Road inside the inner ring road 246 Figure 38 Street section (b) of Sub-Arterial Road inside the inner ring road 246 Figure 39 Street section (a) of Sub-Arterial Road outside the inner ring road 247 Figure 40 Street section (b) of Sub-Arterial Road outside the inner ring road 247 Figure 41 Street section of Collector Road outside the inner ring road 248 Figure 42 Street section of Collector Road inside the inner ring road 248 Figure 43 Street section of Special Purpose Road 249 Figure 44 On-street and off-street parking 252 Figure 45 Left turn 256 Figure 46 Roundabout 256 Figure 47 Collector and