The Civil War in Angola, Instigated by Social- Imperialism

Workers and oppressed of all countries: unite!

THE WORKERS' COMPAUNIST PA y AR IST-LENIN1STS) NORWAY, The Civil War in Angola, Instigated by Social- Imperialism

Special Issue - August 1976 Instigated by Social- Imperialism

Contents:

Introduction 3 Preface: Draw Lessons from the War in Angola 3 Conditional Victory for Social-Imperialism in Angola 3 WCP(M-L)'s Stand: Against All Imperialism 3 War Won by Social-Imperialist Mercenaries 4 Social-Imperialism Is Planning a Big Offensive in Africa 4 PART I: What Happened in Angola? 5 Three Liberation Movements 5 All Three Movements Fought Against Portugal 5 Split Due to Superpowers' Intrigues 5 Large Amounts of Soviet Arms Started the Escalation 5 One Liberation Movement "Progressive" and Two "Reactionary" ? 6 Is the MPLA "Marxist" ? 6 Reactionary Mercenaries Fought on Both Sides in the Civil War 6 Angola's People Lost. Social-Imperialism Won 7 The War Is Not Over 7 PART II: The Angolan \Var Shows: Both Superpowers are Dangerous. the US Regresses, the USSR Advances 8 The Soviet Union: Africa's Enemy Disguised as a "Friend" 8 USSR: False "Friend", True Enemy of the Liberation Movements 9 Social-Imperialism Fakes "Support" to Gain Influence in the Liberation Movements 9 Cuban Troops - Not Castro's but Brezhnev's Mercenaries 9 Cuba - Tragic Example of What Happens to Kremlin's "Allies" 10 Social-Imperialism Arms Itseif to the Teeth 10 No Country in the World is Safe from the USSR 10 Social-Imperialism Plans New Offensives in Africa . . 10 No Imperialism Can Long Oppress the Valiant African People 11 Strengthen Support of the Liberation Struggie 11 Superpowers Prepare for World War Through Limited Wars 11 China and Albania Support the People Against the Superpowers 11 PART III: Angola and Norway 12 Factions of the Monopolist Bourgeoisie Swing in a Pro-Soviet Direction 12 Revisionist Bosses Are Phony "Anti-Imperialists" 13 WCP(M-L): the Only Real Anti-Imperialist Party in Norway 13 Social-Imperialist Propaganda: No Response Among Working People 14 Needed: United Front Against the Superpowers 14 Footnotes 14 The International Bulletin 15

-2- V&"11111~Ilir"9111nn111"~iiii"~Araiib~WIWO INTRODUCTION Opportunists of all categories always strive national bulletin of. ile WCP(M-L), brings a at siding with the "winner". Since Sovjet translation of the most important of these arms and Cuban mercenary troops have articles. The articles express the viewpoint won an important military victory for one of the WCP(M-L) and are written by the fo- side in the civil war in Angola, all kinds of reign affairs editors of Klassekampen. opportunists are prepared to acclaim the The articles analyze the course of events in winners. Angola, and examine the many .false accounts But political principles do not depend on whom which have been given of the war and its the "winner" is, and WCP(M-L)'s view- background. point on the issue of Angola is, of course, Furthermore, they examine the role of the not based on that. The WCP(M-L)'s point superpowers in the war, showing how the of view is based on principled struggle war in Angola emphasizes the fatt that against all imperialism. hostility between the US and the Soviet Union The issue of Angola was thoroughtly discuss- is constantly sharpening. Finally, the analy- ed this spring (1) in a series of articles in sis dissects the position of different groups Klassekampen, the organ of the Workers' in Norway towards the war, including the Communist Party (M-L), Norway. This leaders of the modern revisionist SV party. special issue of Class Struggle, the inter- (2). PREPACE: DRAW LESSONS FROM THE WAR IN ANGOLA Conditional Victory for Social-Imperialism in Angola One phase is over in the civil war in Angola. ganda offensive have led to a worldwide Social-imperialist troops have won important opportunistic change of course within the military victories. This will further the pro-Western bourgeoisie. Opportunists and struggle of the Luanda government for inter- unprincipled elements will "fish in troubled national diplomatic recognition. The Norwe- waters" by siding with the "winner". There- gian government has now also recognized the fore, the most varied governments and Luanda side. bourgeois groups have given their full acclaim to one side. The unilateral advance and the Sovjet propa- WCP(M-L)'s Stand: Against All Imperialism

The WCP(M-L) is a firrnly principled party clarify our viewpoint once again, and more which fights against all imperialism. When thoroughly than before. an imperialist power advanees, our party sees no reason to do like the bourgeoisie Right now it is more important than ever tr) show who has upheld the correct position for and other opportunist groups, and shift een truly anti- direction. Angola's liberation, and has ∎ imperialist, and who, under the cover of For our party, therefore, the advanc-! :#f one big words, has run the errands of imperia- side means that we must intensify our strug- lism in Angola. gle against the imperialist power that advances. Precisely the hysterical tributes of the bourgeoisie and opportunists tause us to -3- I " "91M nnn n. I b.~I " I I nn• "WillibZWIk ~11~ I War Won By Social-Imperialist Mercenaries Let us base our position in this issue on Time will show whether they will also ma- available and indisputable facts. What do the nage to completely crush the forces of the facts tell us about what actually happened in other liberation fronts, who have surren- Angola? dered many cities without much fighting. That social-imperialist mercenaries, Another possibility is that social-imperial- equipped, transported and financed by the ism becomes involved in a pr .blonged guerilla USSR, and led by hundreds of Soviet "advi- war in Angola. sers", defeated the troops of two of the Social-imperialism won a big victory, not liberation movements and mercenaries from f or the Angolan people, but at their the West and South Africa. e xp en s e. Social-imperialist involvement in the war has caused big losses for the peo- The superior equipment of these forces has enabled Sovjet mercenaries to occupy most ple in Angola. Social-imperialism has of the territory and take control of the big achieved a basis for further infiltration in cities. orrier to gain control of the country. Social-Imperialism Is Planning a Big Offensive In Africa Recently the peoples of Africa have won imp- The war in Angola constitutes a very import- ortant victories against imperialism. ant lesson for the working people of Norway People's war is developing in Zimbabwe and the whole world. ("Rhodesia"). Liberation movements in Namibia ("Southwest Africa") and Azania In these articles we will discuss some of the ("South Africa") are also growing stronger. experiences we think it is especially import- These are important advances for the peoples ant to learn from. We will deal with three of the world. By intervening in Angola, the questions: social-imperialists have shown that they will first: What in fact happened in Angola'? try to exploit the dovenfall of old colonialist second: What does Angola reveal about the powers, in order to assume their role and international policy of social-imperialism? clasp new fetters on the African people. third: What does the war in Angola disclose Social-imperialism has started a large-scale about the various political forces in offensive in Africa. Norway and their attitude towards the It is therefore our duty to increase our sup- superpowers? port to the liberation struggle against the old We feel that these articles prove how events colonial powers, and at the same time in- have confirmed the analysis of our party to crease our vigilance towards the new enemy. the letter. Wg~-‘1""MhZW111~~~~~~~WILWI PART I: WHAT HAPPENED IN ANGOLA? Angola is a country of the Third World, kept The liberation war is a shining example for in artificial underdevelopment as a result of the peoples of Africa and the world. It made oppression and exploitation by Portugal, a a substantial contribution to the downfall of colonial power. The Angolan people rose in Portugal as a colonial power. armed struggle against imperialism. Three Liberation Movements Despite all false Kremlin propaganda, it is a The FNLA fought mainly in the north. The fact that towards the end of colonial rule MPLA was strongest in the central areas, there were three Angolan liberation move- while UNITA maintained liberated areas in ments waging armed struggle against Portu- the south. Evidence of this has been present- gal: FNLA, MPLA and UNITA. Theirs was ed by K lass ek a mp en in earlier a just war for national liberation and independence. All Three Movements Fought Against Portugal There have always been important differences struggle as being waged by only one move- between the three movements: theic t)rograms ment, without the participation of the other varied, their strengths and weaknesses dif- two, is therefore to falsify history. fered, and they each fought in their way. In 1974 it became clear that the Portuguese But as long as the weapons were pointed at colonial power would have to withdraw. Portugal, the struggle was just. Despite all This laid the basis for a joint government of their differences, the main aspect of the the three movements, as shown at the Alvor three movements was their common fight conference, February 15, 1975. against Portugal. To depict the liberation Split Due to Superpowers' Intrigues But dissension and civil war followed. The rator. None of the three movement Sovjet propaganda machine asserts that "this could have won in a civil war against either shows that the organizations could not coope- or both of the other t.vo. Joint government rate and that there was no objective founda- could have been realized but for the fact that, tion for unity". at that precise moment, the different organizations began receiving arms and large The truth is that tie split was a direct and numbers of foreign mercenaries from vari- logical result of a successful imperialist ous imperialist countries, and especially the conspiracy, with the USSR as leading conspi- USSR and the US. Large Amounts of Sovjet Arms Started the Escalation The Soviet Union gambled first, at the high US imperialism mobilized the notorious est stakes, and most ably, by sending great South African racists. This established quanti!ies of arms to one of the movements. basis for developing a war on Angolan terri- On the other side, the US also tried to tory, in which each side was dominated by secure a position. The two imperialist super- foreign mercenaries, equipped, financed and powers overtid each other and escaiated the led by the two imperialist superpowers. conflict. Social-imperialism sent in Cubans.

-5- 1W11".~~1~1nnnnnn"~"" n01 Was One Liberation Movement «Progressive» and Two «Reactionary»? Already during the war against Portugal, stantially destroy the grip of big capital" etc. social-imperialism propagated the fallacious assertion that the MPLA was a "progressive" This is a thoroughly wrong account of the movement, while the other two were differences between the three movements. "reactionary". The involvement of the racist Neither their programs nor their actions South African bandits was proficiently ex- give grounds for such assertions. ploited by the Soviet propaganda machine to strengthen this claim. Norwegian revision- All available information shows that we must ists have even maintained that the 11,1PLA evaluate all three organizations as bour- fought for "socialism" against the GULF geois-nationalist liberation movements, oil company which made napalm for the pledged to waging a progressive struggle Vietnam war, that the MPLA would "sub- against colonialism. Is the MPLA «Marxist»? The different movements were not homogen ever, the organization itself makes no claim eous. Revolutionaries and anti-imperialists to being Marxist. There is no evidente of any have coexisted with both unstable and reac "socialist construction" in the areas con- tionary elements prone to accepting "contri- trolled by this organization. butions" from the US and the USSR. This has provided the imperialist superpowers with the Revisionists and others have stressed decla- opening they needed to force their way in and rations by FNLA and UNITA representatives, conspire. where they say they intend to allow Western imperialist companies to operate in Angola. We do not underestimate the role of the MPLA This we do not dispute. The in the liberation war, just as we do not MPLA, however, does not differ from the underestimate the role of the other two. It other two in this respect. The press in MPLA is not for us to criticize one movement or controlled areas confirms the fatt that West- praise another. But sinte social-imperial- ern imperialist companies operate there. ist propaganda, strongly backed in Norway by This is the case for oil companies such as social-democrat and other bourgeois newspa- GULF, TEXACO, and MOBIL, and mining pers, is spreading the myth of the unique corporations such as the South African/ "progressive" character of the MPLA, we American/Belgian DIAMANG, among others. must, in the interest of truth, present some It is publically known that GULF, referred to corrections. by Norwegian revisionists as an enemy of In Norway, the bourgeois press and radio/TV the MPLA, has contributed hundreds of characterize the MPLA as "Marxist". How- millions of dollars to the Luanda government. Reactionary Mercenaries Fought on Both Sides in the Civil War Racist South Africa's unilateral intervention financed by social-imperialism. A European is directly reactionary. European mercenar mercenary paid by the US to shoot Angolans ies and US imperialist agents have also inter- is clearly reactionary. But can Cubans, vened. All true anti-imperialists condemn equipped with Sovjet tanks and planos and paid these interventions. by the Kremlin to shoot Angolans, be any However, the social-imperialist propaganda less reactionary? machine has no right to use this as a defense Western mercenaries and South African sol- for its own involvement. It is a fatt, for diers are responsible for horrible crimes in example, that fascist mercenaries who Angola. We condemn this. Social-imperial- used to serve Tshombe in Katanga, now fight ist mercenaries have slaughtered the popu- on the side supported by the Soviet Union. lation in country villages, and Soviet war- The most flagrant example of large-scale ships have shelled coastal cities. Is there intervention is the 10 000 - 15 000 Cuban any less reason to condemn this? soldiers, led- equipped, transported and On both sides in the civil war there are anti- - 6 - th."~WWW"..WnWili~~111~11~~~ imperialist Angolans dedicated to waging of Angola. armed struggle against colonialism. But on These are indisputable facts. They com- both sides of the civil war the fighting has pletely destroy the propaganda assertion of been dominated by reactionary foreign mer- "one progressive and two reactionary" cenaries. This is a tragedy for the people movements. Angola's People Lost — Social-imperialism Won We have consistently characterized the war government in Luanda has become dependent between the three liberation movements as upon an imperialist superpower and will reactionary. Recent developments confirm have difficulty in conductin an independent this characterization. policy. Social-imperialism has established Imperialism has won a temporary victory a strong position in Angola. Western imperia- against the people. The war has led to much lism has regressed militarily and politically, destruction and heavy human losses. The but remains economically strong. The War Is Not Over Social-imperialist propaganda will now have The time will surely come when the valiant us to believe that the war is completely over people of Angola will throw out all imperial- and that two of the liberation movements are ist intruders, both Western capitalists and crushed. Reports from different sources Soviet militarists. Today, however, we must disprove this. Arms are still pouring into the confront the fact that the struggle of the country. Military operations under the cover Angolan people has suffered a heavy setback, of "struggle against South African racists" and that social-imperialism is the temporary continue in parts of Angola where there are victor in Angola. no South African soldiers. Simultaneously we receive reports of resist- The war in Angola shows that superpower ance to social-imperialism in that part of the contention is rapidly becoming more acute. country controlled by the Luanda government. The struggle of the superpowers over Angola Luanda has witnessed mass demonstrations is highly Significant, because it shows the against arms imports. Many officers in the deepening of their mutual contradiction, and MPLA army react against humiliations by the development of their relative strength. Cuban officers. The people in Angola will It is important to study their actions in Angola, not forget the crimes of social-imperialism, in order to be more capable of combating and its foothold is not stable. them.

Armored vehicle captured from social- imperial- ist mercenary forces. -7- -a- 11~~011~11111~~111~~n111."-~115 PART II: THE ANGOLAN WAR SHOWS: BOTH SUPERPOWERS ARE DANGEROUS, THE US REGRESSES, THE USSR ADVANCES We have seen how the superpowers created following the defeats in Indochina. The eco- and escalated the war by pouring in arms nomic crisis in the US and dissension within and troops. Escalation on one side furnished the ruling class there have also made it the other side with a new pretext for further difficult for US imperialism to gamble at the escalation. This shows that b ot h are dan- same stakes as social-imperialism in Angola gerous. The people cannot ally themselves This is a new example of the US as a declin- with one against the other,but raust inerease i ng superpower. the struggle against both at the same time. It is very signifi cant that the US was defeated On the other hand, social-imperialism is an in the tug of war. The US tried to follow its advancing superpower, greedily seeking old practise of "taking over" colonies of more colonies and "Lebensraum", and constantly or less degraded colonial powers. This was on the lookout for strategic military positions how the US assumed neo-colonial over Indo- For a long time the Kremlin has been cager nesia after the Netherlands, over Congo- to expand on the African continent. When Kinshasa (Zaire) after Belgium, over South social-imperialism managed to split the li- Vietnam and Laos after France, over the beration movements in Angola, it was in a Middle East after Great Britain. The US position to increase its wager ten-fold. The tried to do same in Angola after Portugal. huge speculation secured social-imperialism But US imperialism is now greatly weakened a temporary victory. The Sovjet Union: Africa's Enemy Disguised as a «Friend» Aggressive social-imperialism tries to gain long liberation war, the Sovjet Union sent influence in Africa by disguising itself as a heavy and modern weapons worth astronomi- "friend" of the African people, ready to sup- cal sums - weapons that would be used to port them against "colonialists and racists". kill Angolans. This is a dangerous imperialist offensive, the exposure of which is essential.

The invasion of the South African racists was a heavenly gift to the social-imperialists, What do the facts show? In Angola, the Soviet using it to describe themselves as "enemies" Union did not provide much "aid" as long as of racism". But what are the facts? Take the war was directed against Portugal. The Rhodesia as an example. Everyone knows Angolans received mostly light and outdated that the true freedom fighters in ZANU and hand weapons. Shipments of these were even ANC, who led the people's war against Smi suspended in the important final phase of the were for many years actively opposed and war when they were most needed. boycotted by the Sovjet Union. At Lhe same time, social-imperialism backed completely the clique of opportunist politicians led by N'Komo, who for a long time has been dealing Only after the surrender of the colonial with racist Smith. Does not thjs unveil the power did the Sovjet Union send big arms truth about social-imperialism as "anti- shipments. After the victory in a 14 year racist"? -8 - 15,4.14.' • 1x44 Y

Angola and Zimbabwe - two examples that African people's struggles against racism show what is talk and what is reality concern- and Western imperialism, but assumes an ing social-imperialism in Africa. Social- "anti-imperialist" disguise when it can be imperialism poses as Africa's "friend". But used as an excuse to intervene and secure in reality social-imperialism is Africa's p os itions . enemy. The Kremlin is indifferent towards USSR — False «Friend», True Enemy of the Liberation Movements The success in Angola is propagated by the The Soviet Union has also sent military forces revisionists as a new example of "Soviet which have fought against liberation move- support to liberation movements". But ments. Examples are Indonesia and India. what do the facts show? In his time, Krushchev openly attacked the liberation movements. He refused to send As another aspect, the Sovjet Union makes support to Vietnam. Soviet arms tame only use of certain liberation struggles to create when it was obvious that the Vietnamese peo- a market for more weapons. Everybody knows ple would defeat US imperialism in the end. that in recent years the Soviet Union has be- The Soviet Union consistently refused to come the world's number one dealer in arms. send support to the liberation struggle in In Angola one side was flooded with tanks Kampuchea. The USSR spread illusions about and offensive weapons, for which social-im- the "peaceful road" in Chile and thus helped perialism will certainly demand a high to disarm the workers ideologically before price. At the same time, it has been dis- the bloody fascist coup. There are innumera- closed that social-imperialism, through a ble similar examples of sabotage of liberation Czechoslovakian company, sold anti-tank struggles. weapons to the other side. Social-Imperialism Fakes «Support» to Gain Influence in Liberation Movements The most important aspect of Soviet "support' "assistance". is social-imperialist influence within the liberation movements, aiming at putting them under pressure. Official sources in Angola is a new example of how social-impe- Mozambique have disclosed how the Soviet rialist support in reality poisons those who Union attempted to force concessions there. receive it and enslaves them. It shows even African heads of state who recognize the better than before that social-imperialism Luanda government have openly declared that i s a dangerous enemy to the liberation move- social-imperialism tries to obtain conces- ments, and that the most dangerous thing to sions from the movement to which it renders do is to accept its "assistance". Cuban Troops Not Castro's But Brezhnev's Mercenaries All reports prove that it was the big invading artificial underdevelopment. Cuba has no in- army of Cuban mercenaries which won vic- terest in invading any other country. tory for one side. During the last phase, The Cubans do not act as Cuba's military Cubans were at the forefront, with modern force in Angola, but as Brezhnev's. Cuba by heavy Soviet equipment, while Africans itself could never manage to equip, trans- functioned as rear guard and medical corps. port and finance such a huge military adventure. Expansionist Britain recruited imperia- Cuba is a small Third World country. It is list mercenaries among the Gurkha in Nepal. poor because of imperialist exploitation and Now Brezhnev procures his in Cuba. 1"~.~.W111""1"..~~~.~MiiiWah~~~110 Cuba: Tragic Example of What Happens to Kremlin's «Allies» Cuba is a frightening example of how a small Later Castro was to lead his country into the and poor country of the Third World can fall lair of social-imperialism. Castro did not in the claws of social-imperialism unless it apply the line of self-reliance, but relied on consistently defends its complete autonomy the USSR for support against the US and to and independence. The Cuban example shows develop the country. Cuba was changed from what can happen when revisionism gets a a US to a Soviet satellite. Significant achieve- foothold in a liberation movement that has ments of the Cuban revolution have been dras- led a vi ctorious struggle against the other tically undermined. superpower. Cuba's valiant people have a proud history of The overthrow of the fascist US puppet Ba- revolutionary struggle against several colo- tista in Cuba in 1959 was a big and signifi- nial powers. They will not accept social-im- cant victory and great encouragement for all perialist neo-colonialism forever. Mean- anti-imperialists. Castro then played an im- while, Cuba's tragedy is an instructive nega- portant progressive role for the people of tive example for countries and liberation Cuba. movements in the Third World. Socialimperialism Arms ltself to the Teeth The advancing social-imperialist superpower Troops tame from Cuba, heavy material was won in this competition with US-imperialism transferred from the USSR. Soviet warfare partly because of large scale rearmament stretched over three continents. With the war and modernization of the Soviet war machine. in Angola, social-imperialism showed the whole world that it is capable of using its Soviet interference in Angola was a highly enormous military resources in a dangerous- complicated and hazardous military operation ly efficient manner. No Country in the World is Safe From the USSR in the world should feel safe from social- This is an important warning to the people of imperialist military expansion, no matter the world. When the USSR could intervene in how far away it is situated from the Soviet Angola so quickly and efficiently, no country Union or one of its satellite states. Social-Imperialism Plans New Offensives in Africa It is important to note that the success in a majority of OAU nations have unilaterally Angola can serve as a spring-board for fur- recognized one side as Angola's official go- ther social-imperialist offensives. vernment.

The Soviet Union has won important political The situation is such that many new "Angolag' victories. Many African countries originally can arise on the huge and important African condemned Soviet intervention in Angola. In continent. The Soviet Union's appetite is accord with the military success of the sharpened after success so far, and possibili- Cuban-backed MPLA, many have changed ties for further conspiracies are many. their position and unilaterally recognized the Luanda government. For example, the The Soviet Union will also attempt to make Organization of African Unity (OAU) first use of its success to intervene in the libera- took a correct position to the Angolan war, tion struggle agairst the white racist regime and condemned all foreign intervention. Later in Azania ("South Africa").

- 10 - M ..~; i ~~9 i i nnnnnnn I I n~11i I I ~I I~M i I I n11 I nn11hn I • n-n No Imperialist Can Long Oppress the Valiant African People But the progress of the African peoples can- Thereby the day approaches when the apart- not be stopped by social-imperialist intrigues heid regime in Azania will be crushed as All over Africa the struggle intensifies well. against racism, neo-colonialism and imperia- The whole of Africa will surely drive out the lism, and especially against the two imperia- imperialist powers and free itself from the list superpowers. chains of neo-colonialism. Social-imperialism aims at exploiting the struggle against The victory over the Portuguese colonial the old colonialists. It establishes footholds power has led to strong advances in the by offering "aid" in the forms of arms and struggle against the white racists in southern mercenaries. But the African peoples and Africa. In Zimbabwe true freedom fighters nations are capable of freeing themselves are conducting a successful people's war without selling their independence to anyone. which has sealed the fate of the Smith regime They will learn from history, and not allow The struggle in Namibia is also progressing. one oppressor to replace another. Strengthen Support of the Liberation Struggle to anti-racist, anti-colonial and anti-fascist We are therefore certain that social-imperial- struggles in Zimbabwe and Azania. We must ist advances in Africa will not last long. The support the struggle waged by African nations world's peoples must respond to social- against social-imperialism, US imperialism imperialist offensives by increased support and all other forms of imperialism. Superpowers Prepare for World War Through Limited Wars History contains many examples of how more limited wars to prepare for a big one. imperialist superpowers prepare for big The Angolan war has revealed what a fake wars by starting smaller ones. Before "detente" between the two imperialist supér- World War II, Germany and Italy trained in powers really is. It shows that contention Spain, Italy started the war against Ethiopia, between the two superpowers sharpens. It Japan made war in China. furnishes new proof of how the danger of a world war increases. The chances are in- The Soviet Union has used Angola as a train- creasing too, of new similarly "limited" ing ground to test equipment, communica- operations developing into a new Poland, tions etc. The rehearsal has been quite suc- triggering war between the two imperialist cessful. The USSR will inevitably launch blocks. China and Albania Support the People Against the Superpowers While the war in Angola once again revealed demned the invasion by racist South Africa, the two superpowers as the worst enemies of and the use of mercenaries by both sides the world's peoples, it has also further Albania and China have consistently support- proved socialist China and socialist Albania ed the establishment of a joint governmdnt as the best friends and the most reliable with the participation of all three groups, and support to people fighting imperialism. they have constantly supported the original stand of the OAU favoring Angolan unity Albania and China have consistently condemned the intervention of US imperialism against foreign intervention. and social-imperialism. They have con- Social-imperialist propaganda has directed a b..n b..n I b:~ I nnnn I i " Wqrib campaign of vicious slander against the worth noting that agitation against China People's Republic of China in connection with on the issue of Angola has decreased recently Angola. Rumors claim that China intervened - because social-imperialist propaganda in Angola, supported one side against the cannot furnish any evidente to support the other, backed the South African racists, and false claims of China's "support of reaction even paid for Western mercenaries. and imperialism". A lie does not become truth simply by contin- Actually the violent attacks by social-imp- uous repetition. The facts show that China erialism on the People's Republic of China supported all three liberation movements only express the Kremlin's fear of China's while they fought against Portugal. As soon correct foreign policy, which supports as Portugal was thrown out of the country, forces fighting against the superpowers. The China stopped giving support, declared Kremlin fears the People's Republic of China, that the Angolan people had to determine their because China led the way in condemning and own path, and committed itself to support exposing the maneuvers of social-imperial- unity among the three movements. ism. The people of the world will learn from this, and note that China and Albania are That is true anti-imperialism, and is their true friends and moSt reliable allies, diametrically opposed to the superpowers' who have always given all-out support to conspiracy and divisive activity. It is also their struggle. PART III: ANGOLA AND NORWAY The svar in Angola also reveals how the dif- material to help us see which forces are wil- ferent political forces in Norway stand in ling to fight for the independence of our own relation to the superpowers. It gives us new country. Factions of the Monopolist Bourgeoisie Swing in a Pro-Soviet Direction As social-imperialism has recently gained side of the MPLA and the USSR on the Ango- strength at the expense of US imperialism, lan issue. This has nothing to do with weak- there have been some interesting changes in ening ties to imperialism, it just expresses the Norwegian bourgeoisie. Important groups the fact that the bourgeoisie is influenced by of politicians representing the monopolist the general shift in the relation of forces be- bourgeoisie have swung in a more pro- tween the two superpowers. Soviet direction. Other bourgeois groups react by coming out After World War II, the social-democrat par- in stronger defense of US imperialism. This ty DNA, the dominant party in Norway, was is the case for leaders of both the conserva- the main force in turning the country into a Live and Christian People's parties, and also dependency of US imperialism. The DNA the "mafia" of diehard US followers in the was the main pro-US party. Fifteen years DNA, people like Haakon Lie and the idiots ago the DNA had a foreign minister who was on the Nobel committee (5). as loyal to US imperialism as Paul Thynæss, Kåre Kristiansen and Erik Gjems-Onstad (3) In this issue, there is just as much hypocrisy are today, namely Halvard Lange (4). in both pro-imperialist camps. When the big Today the DNA leaders flirt openly with the bourgeoisie and arch-reactionary politicians Kremlin tsars. The attitude of the Arbei- like Thynæss and Gjems-Onstad condemn the der bladet , the main DNA daily, and Soviet adventure in Angola, they do so as similar organs, has become increasingly convinced sycophants of the US superpower. friendly towards the USSR. In the trade union movement, the DNA relies more and more on When social-democrats and liberals side connections with the Soviet Union. with the revisionists, and unilaterally criti- Along the same line, social-democrat and cize Western mercenaries, the South African liberal propaganda has been wholely on the invasion and American investments, this ex- - 12 - presses attachment to the Soviet Union and the Norwegian monopolist bourgeoisie is nothing else. willing to fight for a consistent independent line aga inst all big imperialist powers. True anti-imperialists oppose a 11 interven- For the Norwegian monopolies, which have tion in Angola, and condemn all powers aim- always been junior partners to the big imp- ing to profit at the expense of the liberation erialist powers in international politics, the of the people of Angola. choice is between on e s up e rp o we r or No leading Norwegian bourgeois politician has the ot her . Therefore , no monopolist taken a consistent anti-hegemonious stand. politician is willing to oppose both super- This reveals once again that no group within powers in Angola. Revisionist Bosses Are Phony «Anti-lmperialists» The modern revisionist SV and "NKP" par- SV and especially "NKP" have consistently ties brag about being "anti-imperialist par- been an uncritical and loyal cheering squad ties". But their so-called "anti-imperialism" for social-imperialism. They have even des- is directed only against US and western imp- cribed the use of mercenaries to slaughter erialism, and not against social-imperial- Angolans as "assistance in the struggle ism, which is just as dangerous. against imperialism". Though the leaders of these parties allow While social-imperialism oppresses the themselves to be used by imperialism, the Soviet people and other peoples and prepares followers of the "NKP" and the SV are on the for a world war, the Norwegian revisionists whole honest people who have been deceived. tall its fascism "socialism" and its war preparations "peace policy". Concerning Especially among the members and followers western imperialism, the "anti-imperialist" of the SV party there are still a good number line of these parties does not extend beyond of honest young anti-imperialists. They words. They sabotage all real struggle should learn that there is no true anti-imp- against US imperialism in Norway. erialism directed towards one superpower and not against the Soviet Union. They Angola has furnished a new and flagrant ex- should take the consequences of the reac- ample of how these parties in reality s up - tionary stand of the SV on the Angola issue, port and defend imperialism. and break all ties with the party. WCP(M-L) the Only Real Anti- imperialist Party in Norway The WCP(M-L) is the only Norwegian party dissolution of the "union" with Sweden in whose program talls for struggle against both 1905, the resistance against the Nazi occupa- superpowers and all forms of imperialism. tion of 1940-45, the resistance against NATO in 1949, and the victory o ver the Common In the Angola issue, the WCP(M-L) is also Market at the 1972 referendum, are examples the only Norwegian party having condemned of the patriotism of the Norwegian people. both superpowers and all imperialist inter- Support to Spain in the civil war against fa- ference. Past events have shown even clearer scism, support to the people of Vietnam and that this was the only correct stand. to the people of Czechoslovakia by the majority of the Norwegian people, express their This is a new example demonstration the willingness to demonscrate solidarity with the fact that the WCP(M-L) is now the only true liberation struggles of other peoples against anti-imperialist party in Norway. imperialism. This does not menn that only members and We know many people who do not agree'with). supporters of the WCP(M-L) are anti-imper- the party on all matters, but share our' views ialists. The Norwegian people have proud tra- on the Angolan issue. Progressive organiza- ditions in the struggle for national independ- tions independent of all parties have also ta- ence and against imperialism, traditions ken correct stands. Individuals within the which are deeply rooted in the working peo- bourgeois and modern revisionist parties and ple of Norway. The Norwegian people's individual reporters in the bourgeois press struggles for independence which led to the have also expressed correct viewpoints. - 13 - liIhWII!~WWKW'~.W1"-~~~IZ!kWt~M Social-Imperialist Propaganda: No Response Among Working People In spite of support to social-imperialist pro- imperialists can really count on when Norway paganda by important parts of the press, has to be defended against the two superpow- radio and television, no support for social- ers and all other forins of imperialism. It is imperialism has emerged among the working the WCP(M-L) and a number of other indepen- people. This shows that Norwegian workers dent and truly anti-imperialist organizations. are becoming more politically conscious, and It is the honest anti-imperialists inside and that they are learning to distinguish between outside the bourgeois parties who do not true struggle against imperialism, and ag- follow these parties' leadership and do not gression camouflaging itself with "anti- submit to the superpowers. And it is the imperialist" phrases. broad masses of the working people - workers, small farmers and fishermen, students, Thereby Angola shows once again who anti- youth, progressive intellectuals, and others. Needed: United Front Against the Superpowers Angola is a country with a relatively small people. Only the working people can defend population, in a strategically important po- Norway and prevent it from becoming a vic- sition in the contested zone between the su- tim of one or more superpowers, like Ango- perpowers. This is also the case for Nor- la. way. Therefore, Angola's fate should be a warning to all true anti-imperialists in Nor- way. They should join together in a united The WCP(M-L) will learn the lesson of front against the two superpavers, and mo- Angola. We must work even harder than be- bilize and organize the masses of the working fore to help build and support such a front.

Footnotes March-April 1976. comes unveiled to the masses, support to The modern revisionist SV party was first the SV party diminishes. By 1976 polis give established in February 1973 as a "Socialist roughly 6 percent of the vote to SV. Electoral Alliance" (Sosialistisk Valgforbund) Three politicians from different rightist between the Socialist People's Party (SF: parties, noted for their pro-NATO stand and Sosialistisk Folkeparti) established in 1961 for their support of US aggression all over by oppositional elements from the Social- the world. democrat party DNA (Norwegian Labor Par- ty), the arch-revisionist "NKP" (Norway's Social-democrat foreign minister during "Communist" Party), a group from the DNA, the Cold War and later. and others. The SV alliance carried 12.5 percent of the vote in the 1973 elections to par- 5. Every year the Nobel Committee of the liament. The alliance became a party in 1975 Norwegian parliament discerns the Nobel driving out a handful of overt Moscow agents Peace Prize. The Committee has attributed acting on orders from Moscow and who conti- the prize to such mass-murderers as Henry nue to pose as "NKP". SV now stands for Kissinger, causing great resentment among "Socialist Left Party" (Sosialistisk Venstre- workers and people of Norway. The majority parti). As modern revisionist treachery be- of the committee are social-democrats. - 14 - BOOKS in ENGL ISH Documents From the First Joint Meeting TYPOGRAPHER'S ERROR of Nordic Marxist-Leninists, January 1975. Three short paragraphs in the documents At this aneeting representatives from the from the first Joint Meeting of Nordic following organizations were present: Marxi gt,--,Leninists, January 1975, have been Communist League Marxist-Leninists, omitted by mistake. Erratum can be ordered Denmark,. from Oktober Forlag., The Marxist-Leninist Groups of Finland, • Oyggjaframi M-L, the Faroe Islands, The Communist Unity League(M-L), Iceland, Norwegian Workers' Communist Party (M-4 Communist Party of Sweden. The documents include a Communique, Statement on the International Situation, and the resolution Strengthen the Struggle Against Modern Revisionism. Nier 5,— ;:*t-1:• Norwegian Marxist-Leninists Intensify the Struggle Against Social-imperialism, a resolution from the National Conference of the WCP(M-L), Norway, November 1974. The resoluition presents an analysis of social- imperialism, of the role of the two superpowers, and of the manner in which the struggle Resolation from the National Conference against social-imperialism should be waged of the Workers' Communist Party al-L), -Norway, November 1974 in Norway. N.14% 10,- THE INTERNATION BULLETIN Class Struggle is the international the recent civil svar in Angola, insti- bulletin of Klassekampen, the gated by social-imperialism. twice-weekly paper of the Workers' For individual copies and subscriptions Communist Party (M-L) of Norway, please write to: Class Struggle, Boks WCP(M-L) - Arbeidernes Kommunist- 211, Sentrum, Oslo 1, Norway. parti (m-l), AKP(m-l). Class Struggle normally appears every other month. Subscription rates: Its purpose is to inform its readers: Norwegian kroner 10. - of aggression perpetrated by the two US dollars 2. - superpowers against Norway, Deutsche Mark 4 .7 5 of class struggle in Norway, Francs franÇais 8. - of the struggle against revisionists and revisionist organizations in Pay by bank cheque to Finn Sjue or to Norway, postal account no. 2 21 40 70 of the activities and policy of the Nor- Editor: Finn Sjue wegian Marxist-Leninist movement. Boks 2046 Griinerly5kka, Oslo 5 This special issue of Class Struggle Printed by A/S Duplotrykk, presents the WCP(M-L)'s analysis of GrUnerløkka, Oslo 5.

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THE WAR ANGOLA

••• 4 Opportunists' Of all categories always strive. national bulletin of t:_le WCP(M-L), brings a at siding with ,the "winner". Since Soviet translation of the most important of these :arms'and Cuban mercenary troops articles. The articles express - the viewpoint von ån important military victory for one of the WCP(M-L) and are written by the fo- ;. ide in the civil war in-:Angola, all kinds of reign affairs editors of Klassekampen. p or t un ist s are prepared to acclaim the The articles analyze the course of events in AlVinners. fr Angola, and examine the many false accounts' But political principles do not depend on whom which have been given of the war and its .? the "winner" is, and WCP(M-L)'s view- background. point on the issue of Angola is, of course, Furthermore, they examine the role of the not based on that. The WCP(M-L)'s point superpowers in the war, showing how the of view is based on principled struggle war in Angola emphasizes the fact that • against all imperialism. . • hostility between the US and the Soviet Union The issue of Angola was thoroughtlY discuss- is constantly sharpening. Finally, the analy- ed this spring (1) in a series of articles in sis dissects the position of different groups Klassekampen, the organ of the Workers' in Norway towards the war, including the Communist Party (M-L),-.:NorwaYu: This leaders of the modern revisionist SV party. special is -itle f Class .,StrUggle,'tti inter.- 4 ' • „ •

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