Haa Dzongkhag Disaster Management Plan Presents Hazard, Vulnerability and Capacity Profile for the 6 Gewogs

Draft Dzongkhag Disaster Management and Contingency Plan

Dzongkhag Administration

HAA

2017

Executive Summary

According to Section 77 of the Disaster Management Act of Bhutan 2013, Dzongkhag Disaster Management Committees are mandated to develop Disaster Management and Contingency plans, in consultation with the Dzongkhag sectors and other relevant agencies. Further, Section 78 mandates the Dzongkhag Disaster Management Committee to submit the Dzongkhag’s disaster management plan to the National Disaster Management Authority through the Department of Disaster Management. Similarly, Section79 of the Act mandates disaster management and contingency plans to be updated at least once a year and reviewed every five years.

With the changing risk patterns and frequency of disasters, formulation of Dzongkhag specific disaster management plan is an important strategy to strengthen local level disaster management systems and systematically reduce disaster risks.

The Haa Dzongkhag Disaster Management Plan presents hazard, vulnerability and capacity profile for the 6 Gewogs. The plan also outlines priority disaster risk reduction, awareness raising and capacity building activities for Haa and spells out the standard procedures for response in the Dzongkhag. An implementation and monitoring process for the plan is also included.

The Disaster Management and Contingency Plan is to be referred by Gewogs and sectors to ensure mainstreaming and integration of disaster risk management into their annual and five year development plans. It is required that every stakeholder within Haa Dzongkhag Administration and relevant National Disaster Management institutions and agencies take ownership and fulfill their own roles and responsibilities to make Haa a disaster resilient and safe Dzongkhag.

Acronyms CBDRM Community Based Disaster Risk Management DDM Department of Disaster Management DM Act, 2013 Disaster Management Act of Bhutan, 2013 DM Disaster Management DDMC Dzongkhag Disaster Management Committee DT Dzongkhag Tshogdue GNH Gross National Happiness GT Gewog Tshogdey HVCA Hazard, Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment NASART National Search and Rescue Team NDMA National Disaster Management Authority RBP Royal Bhutan Police SDMP School Disaster Management Plan

Table of Contents Executive Summary ...... 1

Acronyms ...... 1

Table of Contents ...... 2

Scope & Objectives...... 3

Chapter 1: Overview of the Dzongkhag ...... 4

1.1 Geography ...... 4

1.2 Administrative Profile ...... 5

1.3 Demography ...... 6

1.4 Weather and Climate...... 7

1.5 Economy ...... 7

Chapter 2: Dzongkhag Disaster Management System ...... 7

2.1 Dzongkhag Disaster Management Committee (DDMC) ...... 7

2.2 Functions of DDMC ...... 8

2.3 Disaster Management Subcommittee ...... 8

Chapter 3: Disaster Risk Profile of Dzongkhag ...... 10

3.1 Hazard Assessment ...... 10

3.2 Vulnerability Assessment ...... 18

3.3 Capacity Assessment ...... 25

3.4 Disaster Management Action Plan (2016 – 2020) ...... 33

Chapter 4: Contingency Plan ...... 51

4.1 Standard Procedures for Response at Dzongkhag level ...... 51

Chapter 5: Implementation Mechanism ...... 57

Annexure ...... 59

Scope & Objectives The Disaster Management and Contingency Plan for the Dzongkhag is prepared, as mandated by Disaster Management Act 2013. The plan was endorsed by the Dzongkhag Disaster Management Committee (DDMC) on ………………………..and will serve as a document for reference by all relevant stakeholders – different Dzongkhag Sectors and Gewog Administrations - for implementation of prioritized disaster risk reduction and preparedness activities through mainstreaming. The plan will address all hazards in the Dzongkhags covering the whole disaster management cycle (Pre-disaster-awareness, capacity building and mainstreaming, During- Disaster-Effective response and Post-disaster- Early Recovery and Reconstruction).

The objectives of the Dzongkhag Disaster Management and Contingency Plan are:

 To ensure mainstreaming and facilitation for implementation of disaster risk reduction and preparedness activities in Dzongkhag;

 To ensure required capacities are developed for risk reduction, mitigation, preparedness and response;

 To increase awareness on disaster risks, risk reduction and preparedness measures in the Dzongkhag;

 To establish a coordination mechanism for emergency response and relief operations.

 To ensure safety of community, reduce loss to property; protect critical infrastructure, and environment and continuity of essential services.

Chapter 1: Overview of the Dzongkhag

1.1 Geography

Haa Dzongkhag is situated at an elevation ranging from 1000 to 5600 meters above the sea level. It is surrounded by Tibet (China) in the north, Samtse in the southwest, Chukha in the south east and Paro in the east respectively. The total area of the Dzongkhag is 1899.02 Sq. km. with a projected population of 13499 in 2015. The Dzongkhag has one Drungkhag and six Gewogs; namely Bji, Katsho, Eusu, Samar, Gakiling and Sombaykha. The Sombaykha Drungkhag was created in 2007 to address the constraints faced by the people of 2 Gewogs of Gakeyling and Sombaykha, owing to distance factor from the Dzongkhag Headquaters.

The Dzongkhag is characterized by rugged and mountainous terrain. Topographically, Bji, Katsho, Eusu and Samar Gewogs are located in the north, while Gakeyling, Sombaykha, and Sektena and Fentena of Samar Gewog are located in the south. The two are separated by Tergola and Selala pass.

The vegetation ranges from broad leafed forest in the southern Gewogs to coniferous and sub- alpine in the central, and pure alpine vegetation in the high lands of northern Gewogs. The Dzongkhag is endowed with rich flora and fauna and about 68 percent of its area is under forest cover.

The Dzongkhag has 1 higher secondary school, 3 lower secondary schools, 3 primary schools and 2 community schools with a total enrolment of 3,327 students in 2010. The Bali BHU-I functions as Dzongkhag hospital, and has 3 grade II BHUs. Wangchu Lo Dzong Military Hospital also provides health services to the people of Haa Dzongkhag.

Haa has 40 Lhakhangs and is known for “White Poppy” which is one of the rare species in the country. It was opened for tourism in 2002 following the resolution of the 79th session of National Assembly.

i) Bji ii) Gakiling iii) Katsho iv) Samar v) Sangbaykha vi) Uesu

Figure 1: Dzongkhag Boundary Map (Source: NSB)

1.2 Administrative Profile The Dzongkhag Administration, similar to the administrative setup in other Dzongkhags,is headed by the Dzongdag with various sectors representing line Ministries working under the Dzongkhag’s administrative jurisdiction. The Dzongdag and the Dzongkhag Administration work in close collaboration with the elected local bodies – the Dzongkhag Tshogdu and the Gewog Tshogde.

The other institutions in the Dzongkhag are the Dzongkhag’s judicial system headed by the Drangpon and the Lam Neten respectively.

Dzongkhag Dzongkhag Haa Rabdey Dzongdag Tshogdu court

Dzongrab

Administ Education Agriculture Health Livestock Election ration

Human Land Planning ICT Accounts Revenue Culture Store Census Resource Record

Figure 2: Organogram of Dzongkhag Administration

1.3 Demography The total population of Haa Dzongkhag is around 13,499 as of 2015 with 1572 households as of 2010. With a crude birth rate of 2.7%, a death rate of 14.7% and a natural population growth rate of ….%, the population is projected to …… in 2030.

Table 1: Key Demographics

Gewog Area No. Population Health Facilities Schools of (Sq. Hou Male Female Hospit BH OR HS MS LS PS ECR/ Km.) seho al U C S/C S S ECC lds S D

1 Bji 802.2 278 1468 1762 0 1 1 2 0 1 1 1

2 Uesu 66.459 265 965 940 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

3 Katsho 42.8 245 655 657 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1(pvt)

4 Gakiling 192.22 212 644 715 0 2 + 4 0 0 0 1 1 1 subp

ost

5 Samar 361.7 355 1200 1500 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 1

6 Sangbay 432.8 230 1206 1100 0 1 & 3 0 0 0 1 1 kha subp ost

7 Haa 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1(pvt) Throm

BHU – Basic Health Unit; ORC – Out Reach Clinic; HSS – Higher Secondary School; MSS – Middle Secondary School; LSS – Lower Secondary School; PS – Primary School; ECR – Extended Classroom

1.4 Weather and Climate The Dzongkhag has huge variation in altitude ranging between 1000 and 5600m above sea level. It has cold and dry winter and wet and warm summer. In winter, the temperature drops to minus seven degree Celsius. The Dzongkhag experiences snow fall several times in a year starting from late October till April.

1.5 Economy Haa has a total cultivatable agricultural land of only 2 percent of its total area. Most are dry and pasture land. Majority of the people depend on livestock and trading activities. Wheat is the main cereal crop grown in the Dzongkhag, and other crops include barley and buckwheat. In the south, cardamom and ginger constitute the principal cash crops and potato in the north. However, apples and vegetables are also grown on a moderate scale.

Chapter 2: Dzongkhag Disaster Management System

2.1 Dzongkhag Disaster Management Committee (DDMC) Haa Dzongkhag Disaster Management Committee (DDMC) is constituted as below as mandated by the DM Act of Bhutan, 2013:

a) Dasho Dzongdag, Chairperson (ex-officio) b) Dzonghkhag Welfare Officer, member c) Chairperson of Dzongkhag Tshogdu (DT), member d) Gups of all Gewogs, member e) Thromde Thuemi, member f) Superintendent of Police/Officer-in-Charge, RBP, Haa, member g) Drungchen, Haa Rabdey, member

h) Dzongkhag Disaster Management Officer, Member Secretary i) Any other member as may be co-opted in accordance with the rules framed under the Act On the expiry of the term of the Gup/Thromdey Thuemi or in the event of resignation, the Chairperson of the Dzongkhag Disaster Management Committee shall designate the most appropriate official in the Gewog/Thromdey who shall represent in the DDMC during the interim period.

2.2 Functions of DDMC The DDMC shall be responsible for coordinating and managing all disaster management operations in the Dzongkhag under the direction and supervision of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA).The DDMC and Chairperson shall function as mandated under section 31 & 38 of DM Act 2013.

In the case of a disaster, the Chairperson of the DDMC may exercise all or any of the functions of the DDMC, subject to ex post facto ratification of the Committee.

The DDMC is mandated to meet at least twice a year and to frame rules and regulations concerning the conduct of its meeting.

2.3 Disaster Management Subcommittee The DDMC may, if it considers necessary, constitute a subcommittee at the Dungkhag, Thromde or Gewog level to assist the DDMC in the performance of its functions under the DM Act of Bhutan 2013.

The DDMC may frame rules and regulations under this Act to determine the composition and function of a sub-committee constituted under section 35 of the DM Act.

Figure 3: Dzongkhag Disaster Management System

Chapter 3: Disaster Risk Profile of Dzongkhag

3.1 Hazard Assessment

Haa Dzongkhag has experienced several disasters over the last 20 years, the most devastating being the September 18, 2011 Sikkim earthquake of M 6.7, which caused widespread damages to rural homes and government infrastructure. The other major and recurrent hazard has been windstorms that have resulted in extensive damages to roofs of rural houses and government infrastructure. The Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (HVCA) process carried out in the Gewogs also identified other hazards such as – forest fire, structural fire, flood, landslides, thunder storms and pests and diseases. The hazard assessment of each Gewog, as per consultations with the community, is presented below:

1. Bji Gewog

Table 2: Bji Gewog Hazard Assessment Table

Priority Hazard Secondary Probab History of Impact hazard ility of past occurre Disaster nce

1 Earthquake Landslides, High 2009/2011 2009-200 forest fire, households structural fire affected

2011-120 hhs affected

2 Wind storm Structure/ forest High 2008 8 households fire affected

3 Structural Electric short High 2002/2011 27 hhs affected fire

4 Flood Flashflood/ High 2012 4 acres 70 decimal landslides land & 1 house affected

5 Hailstorm Landslides/Dise High 2014 Cash crops ase destroyed/ livestock

6 Avalanche Landslide/flood Mediu 1980/1990 Many Yak killed m

7 Landslides Flood/soil Mediu 2012 Tsenka Goenpa erosion m and Jamtey Goenpa lhakhangs affected

2. Gakiling Gewog

Table 3: Gakiling Gewog Hazard Assessment Table

Priority Hazard Secondary Hazard History Major Impact (Major Event) 1 Earthquake Landslide, Forest fire, 2011 1. 1 Household damaged in Structural fire, Putsena village Famine, Human trafficking & casualties, rise in Poverty and crime rates

2 Hailstorm Landslide, disease, 2015 2015: 40 household affected Food Insecurity (Buckwheat, Cardamom, Maize) Rangtse and Yokha villages

3 Windstorm Structural fire, Forest 2013-2017 2013- 71 household affected fire, 2013 – 9 Govt. infrastructure affected 2014- 9 household affected 2015 – 4 Household affected 4 Structural Forest fire 2016 Natural Resources and fire ecosystems damaged in Sertena village (Nature caused) 5 Flood Landslide, soil erosion 2016 Road block, cardamom , Every year damaged, paddy field destroyed in Dorithasa village

3. Katsho Gewog

Table 4: Katsho Gewog Hazard Assessment Table

Priority Hazard Secondary Hazard History Major Impact (Major Event) 1 Earthquake Landslide, Forest 2011 1. 245 Household fire, Structural fire affected

2 Rainfall Flash Flood 1989, Hampering school 2009, properties and 6 2017. household. Land and crops affected. Washed away Pharaykha Bridge. “

3 Windstorm Structural fire, 2014 50 household affected Forest fire 2015 30 household affected 2017 2 Household affected

4 Structural Forest fire 2002 06-household affected fire 2015 1 BHU affected. 2017 Forest fire

5 Crop Famine 2013 Damaged Crops in Disease Large scale.

4. Samar Gewog

Table 5: Samar Gewog Hazard Assessment Table

Priority Hazard Secondary Hazard Probability History of Impact of past occurrence disaster

1 Earthquake Structure fire/forest High 2009/2011 2009-minor. fire, could cause damage to lives and 2011-85 hhs properties of people damaged living around.

2 Windstorm Structure fire/forest High 2016, 2 Hhs fire 2017, Feb damaged(roof)

3 Structure Forest fire, Medium 2014 One household at fire Jyenkana damaged

4 Flood Structure damage, High 1993, 2009 1993-JPS covered pest and water by flood debris. borne diseases. 2009-land slide, crop and pasture lands damaged

5. Sangbaykha Gewog

Table 6: Sangbaykha Gewog Hazard Assessment Table

Priority Hazard Secondary Hazard Probability History of Impact of occurrence past disaster 1 Earthquake Structure damaged High 2011 36 HH damaged. 2 Windstorm Roofing of the High 2010 9 homes Structure damaged affected

3 Human and Crops damaged, Medium Every year Many wild life attack on human households conflict affected (3 individuals suffered from bear attack) 4 Pest, disease Cardamom orchard Medium 2017 Whole gewog and global and crops damaged affected warming

5 Land slide Road blocks High frequently Road users

6 Poor road accidents Medium 2016, 2017 4 vehicles condition went off-road

7 Flood Bridges washed Medium 2016 3 bridges away washed away

6. Uesu Gewog

Table 7: Uesu Gewog Hazard Assessment Table

Priority Hazard Secondary Hazard Probability History of Impact of past occurrence disaster

1 Earthquake Structure fire/forest High 2009/2011 200 HH’s damaged fire/land slide (including Lhakhangs)

2 Wind Structure fire/forest High 2013 30-40 HH’s storm fire damaged.

3 Flood Landslide/soil High 2009 14.39 acres of land erosion &2 wooden bridge washed away

4 Structure Forest fire Medium 2015 1 HH & 1 saw mill fire destroyed

As per the 6 Gewogs hazard assessment findings – Earthquake has been ranked the top priority hazard, followed by windstorms, pest & diseases, structural fire, flood. The other perceived hazards were human-wild life conflict and avalanche.

Table 8: Hazard ranking by Gewogs

Earth- Wind- Fores Pest & Struc Floo Hail Thund Lan Human Droug Avala Sl quake storm t Fire Diseas tural d - er/Lig d- Wildlife ht nche Gewog # es Fire stor htenin slide Conflict m g

1 Bji 10 9 6 5 8 7 2 1 7 6 2 5

2 Katsho 9 8 6 5 7 5 2 1 3 6 3 3

3 Gakiling 7 9 7 9 7 7 9 6 7 8 2 0

4 Samar 10 8 7 6 10 6 7 4 7 6 1 0

5 Sangbay 10 10 9 0 5 8 6 7 0 0 kha

6 Uesu 10 8 4 4 4 9 3 5 3 0 0

Total 56 52 30 38 36 39 31 17 33 33 8 8

Overall 1 2 8 4 5 3 7 9 6 6 10 10 Rank

(Score; 1 to 10 (10 highest, 1 lowest, 0 unknown), Overall Rank: (1 = highest and 9= Lowest))

Most hazards are seasonal and can be expected at the particular time of the year. Fires and windstorm are expected during the dry season from November-April. Similarly, floods occur mainly during the rainy season in the months of June - August. Therefore, fire awareness and flood safety notifications and advisories should be made accordingly.

Extra precaution should also be taken during busy agricultural activity periods and during festivals when people are completely engaged and may not be able to respond to a disaster/ emergency immediately. Table 17 below shows the seasonal activities of 6 Gewogs under Haa Dzongkhag. The seasonal calendar may also be used by the Dzongkhag and relevant agencies to plan for awareness/ training activities in the community. Although agricultural activities are carried out throughout the year, only the busiest months have been reflected as P & H in the table.

Table 9: Seasonal Calendar of 6 Gewogs

Months and Activities SlN Gewogs Jan Feb Mar Apr Ma Jun Jul Au Se O No De o y g p ct v c 1 Bji W/D/ W/D W W P M/P M M M/ H/ H/ F /F H F F 2 Gakilin W/D W/D W W/ W/ M/P/ M/O M H H/ W/ g T P/T O/T /T F D/ F 3 Katsho W/D/ W/D W P M/H M/H M/ M/ W W W/ F /P/O /O/T H P/F /F D/ /T/Y /F/Y F 4 Samar S/W S/W/ W/H W M/ M/F M/F M/ M/ H W S/ H G F H/ W G 5 Sangbay W/D/ W/P/ W/T M/ M/P M M M/ M/ H D F/ kha F D/F W/ /H P P/ W/ P/T H D/ F 6 Uesu W/D/ W/D W/P M/ M/ M/H M/H M/ M/ W W/ W/ F /F W/ O/T /O H W/ /P D/ D/ T T/F F F D= Dry season, P=Plantation/Sowing, F= Festival, M=Monsoon, W: Windstorm, H=Harvesting. O: Disease Outbreak, T- Thunder/lighting, Y- Flood, S – Snowfall, G- Seasonal Migration

3.2 Vulnerability Assessment Vulnerability assessment for the Haa Dzongkhag is carried out based on the underlying vulnerabilities identified during the HVCA process in the each gewog: 1. Bji Gewog Table 10: Bji Gewog Vulnerability Assessment Table

Hazard Elements at Why they are at How will they be When it could occur Risk risk affected

Earth Houses,Templ Poor construction Loss of properties unpredictable quake es,road,Life,Pr method.Lack of and life. operties, adequate knowledge.

Fire Houses, Poor electrification, Loss of life and Dec,Jan,Feb. Properties,life Lack of proper properties. installation of Bhukhari,Tsheri

Wind Houses,crops, Poor roofing Damaging houses Jan,Feb,March. storm forest fire, method, and properties.

Flash Houses,crops, Poor River Loss of June,july,August. Flood Properties,Roa protection. houses,bridges,life ds,bridges. s, properties,

2. Gakiling Gewog Table 11: Gakiling Gewog Vulnerability Assessment Table

Hazard Element at Why they are at risk? risk Physical/ Material Social/ organizational

1.Earthquake Structure, lives -Poor methods of • Absence or weak (25 Disabled), construction, not knowing out break of dos and don'ts community organizations forest fire, - Lack of awareness and road blockage advocacy on Disaster and damage Management of bridges, crop damage, loss of domestic animals

2.Structure fire 212 House, •Poor electrification, •Weak family/kinship Lhakhang, improper installation of Govt. Bukhari, daily use of structures Infrastructures, firewood • Lack of leadership, Properties, livestock, • use of Wood and initiative to solve 2026 Human bamboo materials problems or conflicts Population, in construction of house Loss of Forest • Unequal participation in and Ecosystem • High rate of community affairs diversity esp. drinking/Human Error endangered species • Disaster-prone location

-High rate of poverty

• Insecure sources of livelihood

• Lack of adequate skills

and educational

Background

3. Windstorm House, • Poor roofing • Lack of awareness Lhakhang, of Disaster Chorten, • High rate of Management Schools and poverty and BHUs, Lives illiteracy

4. Flood/Landslide House, human -House constructed on - Lack of coordination and animal flood prone areas among stakeholders, and lives, road and community trail blockage -Land loss due to seasonal flashflood

5.Hailstorm crop damage, Anthropogenic Activities Lack of human lives leading to global coordination (hunger) warming and climate change

6. Human-Wildlife Crop damage, Lack of buffer zone or Lack of awareness and human lives disturbances of coordination Conflict ecosystems

7. Epidemic and Lives poor management of Lack of Health and disease (Malaria, particularly surroundings near Sanitation Awareness Typhoid and water women and settlements Program to the community borne diseases) children Discontinuation of Poor participation from the Intervention (distribution community

of mosquito net)

Unhygienic living

8. Human lives Poor construction of Poor Housing Policy Thunder/Lightning house House (Fire) (hut/wood/tarpaulin

Forest (Fire) sheet)

9. Pests and Crop (Paddy Poor cultivation method No expert consultation Diseases and sought by the farmers Cardamom) (Cardamom and Paddy)

3. Katsho Gewog Table 12: Katsho Gewog Vulnerability Assessment Table

Hazard Element at risk Why they are at risk?

Physical/ Material Social/ organizational

1.Earthquake 1.Structure pertaining 1. Poor structure -In adequate knowledge to houses, monasteries, materials. on construction ethics bridges etc.. related to structures to 2. Steep geographical be build. 2.All sentient being location. lives. -Lack of awareness related to the issues 3.Out break of forest uprsing. fire.

4. Road destructions.

2. windstorm -Sentient being lives. -Poor architecture -Hereditary adaption and ethics, providing the acceptance to -Structures correlated wind factor to pave in. construction techniques. to houses etc… -Poor electrification -Easy access acceptance -Out break of fire. methods in habited. of thinking that it will not happen or occur- influential.

3.Structure -All sentient being 1.Poor electrification, 1.Inrigid family fire lives. improper installation of structure. Bukhari -Nearby neighbours.3 2.Lack of leadership 2.lack of butter lamp roles. -Per Capita income and case in house. the over all economy of 3.Unequal participation a country. 3. Disaster-prone in community awareness location programs.

4. Insecure sources of

livelihood

5. Poor late delivery services from Disaster management team,

4. Flood 1. Sentient being 1.Poor building 1. Community lives. materials. attachment of being too much 2. Structures 2.Disaster prone allotted at neighborhood. correlated with locations. above terms. 2. Self centeredness- 3. Crops, Influential and wide spreading greatly.

4. Samar Gewog

Table 13: Samar Gewog Vulnerability Assessment Table

Hazard Element at risk Why they are at risk?

Physical/ Material Social/ organizational

1.Earthquake Structure, lives , out Poor methods of construction, not • Absence or weak break of forest fire, knowing dos and don'ts road and bridges. community -geographical terrain organizations

-lack of awareness

2. windstorm Structure, lives, -poor electrification, -lack of capacity in the forest fire, road gewog to give awareness block -lack of awareness on disaster

3.Structure House, Lhakhang, •Poor electrification, improper •Weak family/kinship fire Properties, installation of Bukhari Livestock, Human structures •lack of butter lamp case in house. & Forest • Lack of leadership, • Disaster-prone location initiative to solve • Insecure sources of problems or conflicts livelihood • Unequal participation • Lack of adequate skills in

and educational community affairs

background

4. Flood structures, roads, -poor building materials lives, farm lands, properties (both pvt -Disaster prone locations, and govt)

5. Sangbaykha Gewog

Table 14: Sangbaykha Gewog Vulnerability Assessment Table

Hazard Element at risk Physical/ Material Social/ organizational

1.Earthquake Structure, Poor methods of -Absence or weak lives, road and construction, not community organizations bridges. knowing dos and don'ts

2.Windstorm House, -Poor roofing -Inadequate training Lhakhang, methods and -Unskilled labor. crops, Human materials and Forest -located at high risk area

3.Human and Crops, human, -No safety measures -Lack of timely support from wild life domestic -Located within forest concern agencies conflict animals -High bear population

4.Pest, disease Crops, water -located in porn area -lack of proper knowledge and and global sources -high temperature methods. warming

5.Land slide Road, bridge, Poor road condition, Unaware of its occurrence structure, poor bridge building human materials, located at a sloppy terrain. 6.Poor road Human, -Under construction Little community participation condition vehicle -steep slope

7.Flood Road, bridge, -Located at high No proper flood warning system structure, rainfall area human -presence of big rivers

6. Uesu Gewog Table 15: Uesu Gewog Vulnerability Assessment Table

Hazard Element at Risk Why they are at How will they be When it could risk affected occur

Earth Structure, lives (old age Poor methods of Loss of Property & Unpredictable Quake & disabled, domestic construction, not lives animal) & outbreak of knowing dos and forest fire, road and don'ts bridges.

Wind lives (old age & Roofs are not Loss of property, Sept.-March storm disabled, domestic anchored and not lives & source of animal) House, ceral & designed for income cash crops windstorm

Flood Houses, lives, crops, Geographical Loss of property, April – May & agriculture land, roads & location, lack of lives Aug – Sept bridges capacities

Structure Houses, Lives (old age -Poor Loss of property, Dec-Feb. (Dry Fire & disabled, domestic electrification, lives season) animal) improper Unpredictable installation of Bukhari -Lack of awareness

3.3 Capacity Assessment

Various kinds of capacities existing in each Gewog corresponding to different hazards have been outlined below. Physical capacities are those that are present in the Gewog which can withstand or reduce the impact of the hazard up to certain extent. Economic capacities include resources households and communities can rely on for recovery and re-construction in the aftermath of a disaster. Social capacities include strengths inherent in the community in terms of community cooperation or knowledge that would be useful during disasters.

1. Bji Gewog

Table 16: Bji Gewog Capacity Assessment Table

Hazard Physical capacity Economic Social/ Environmental capacity institutional capacity capacity

Halipad, rural insuarnce communication Water sources Earthquak BHU,army,community available in all e police, fixed disposit the chiwogs.public,a rmy,police,

Fire stream, Fixed road access, River,soil, river,army,water disposit.insurance awareness during storage tank, . dry season.

Flash River protection, Insurance. army, flood structure of bridges. River divertion. public,

Wind Proper roofing, insurance Awareness clean water storm during windy source season.

2. Gakling Gewog

Table 17: Gakiling Gewog Capacity Assessment Table Hazard Physical capacity Economic capacity Social/ institutional capacity

1. Earthquake - Construction of safe - Damage of house Local Government leaders house like Dakcha property minimized and community people Zhikor and loss of human sensitized/identified on lives reduced to Disaster Management and minimal or zero. Disaster Relief and - Insurance insured Emergency response through Rural Housing Insurance Policy measures at Local 26

Government level

2. Structure fire Construction of -Damage of house Local Government leaders kitchen separate from property minimized and community people the house (use of -Insurance insured sensitized/identified on firewood) through Rural Disaster Management and Cementing the floor Housing Insurance Disaster Relief and of kitchen Emergency response construction of safe house Policy measures at Local Safety storage of LPG Government level and highly inflammable fuels 3. Windstorm Construction of safe Damage of house Local Government leaders house like Dakcha property minimized and community people Zhikor - less crop damage sensitized/identified on Plantation of trees to -Insurance insured Disaster Management and minimize global through Rural Disaster Relief and warming effect Housing Insurance Emergency response - Policy measures at Local Government level 4. Construction of house Less damage of Local Government leaders Flood/Landslid at safer zone away infrastructure and community people e from flood prone areas sensitized/identified on (past or present Disaster Management and history of flood Disaster Relief and occurence Emergency response

Policy measures at Local Government level 5.Hailstorm Construction of safe Damage of house Local Government leaders house like Dakcha property minimized and community people Zhikor less crop damage sensitized/identified on Plantation of trees to Insurance insured Disaster Management and minimize global through Rural Disaster Relief and warming effect Housing Insurance Emergency response Policy measures at Local Government level

6. Human- -Electric Fencing Local Government leaders Wildlife -Establishment of and community people Conflict Community Forest sensitized/identified on Disaster Management and Disaster Relief and Emergency response -Policy measures at Local Government Level

7. Epidemic -Construction of water Less medical and -Local Government leaders and disease treatment plant travel expense and community people (Malaria, (Dungkhag) sensitized/identified on Typhoid and - Promotion of safe Disaster Management and water borne drinking water Disaster Relief and diseases) Emergency response -Policy measures at Local Government Level

8. -Fencing of electric Community Initiative Local Government Leaders Thunder/Ligh poles near human through community promoting safe house and settlements ownership safety measures tning - Creating Forest Fireline -promoting safe house

9. Pests and Pest and Diseases Gewog Budget Community Participation Diseases Management awareness to the (Cardamom community by and Paddy) Agriculture Extension Officer

3. Katsho Gewog

Table 18: Katsho Gewog Capacity Assessment Table

Hazard Physical Economic capacity Social/ institutional capacity capacity

1.Earthquake, National 1. Structure -Good mobile network Highway, insurances. coverage for structures, ORC communication during 2. Farm shops. disaster

- Cooperation among community

2.Windstorm Farmroads, Rural insruances , road acccessibility to all structures, chiwogs, mobile coverage, Farm shop Cooperation among community

3.Structure Roads, water Rural insruances , Cooperation among fire sources , community , Mobile proximity to Farm shop coverage, road accessibility Dzongkhag HQ

4. Flood Structures, Rural insruances , Cooperation among roads, proximity community , Mobile to Dzongkhag Farm shop coverage, road accessibility HQ

4. Samar Gewog

Table 19: Samar Gewog Capacity Assessment Table

Hazard Physical Economic Social/ institutional capacity capacity capacity

Earthquake, National Rural insurances, -Good mobile network coverage Highway, farmshop for communication during disaster structures, ORC - Cooperation among community

2.Windstorm Farmroads, Rural insruances , road acccessibility to all chiwogs, structures, mobile coverage, Cooperation Farm shop among community

3.Structure Roads, water Rural insruances , Cooperation among community , fire sources , Mobile coverage, road proximity to Farm shop accessibility Dzongkhag HQ

4. Flood Structures, Rural insruances , Cooperation among community , roads, proximity Mobile coverage, road to Dzongkhag Farm shop accessibility HQ

5. Sangbaykha Gewog

Table 20: Sangbaykha Gewog Capacity Assessment Table

Hazard Physical capacity Economic capacity Social/ institutional capacity 1. Earthquake -Concrete structures -Cardamom - provide trainings and -Properly rammed orchard, awareness mud walls and stone -Dairy products walls -insurance 2.Windstorm -Good quality -Rural insurance -provide trainings and roofing materials -BDBL branch awareness -houses protected by office bigger trees -roofs provided with extra supports 3.Human and -properly fenced -access to health -provide necessary wild life fields. facilities supports by the concern conflict -health center agencies. 4.Pest, disease -plantation of -insurance of the -provide timely and global healthy seedlings orchard pesticides and trainings warming -usage of pesticide -not dependent on a single source of income

5.Land slide -less slope gradient -supports for the -adoption of proper land -proper land victim by other management and management contributing construction of retaining sources. walls. 6.Poor road -road constructed in -insurance for -better drainage system condition drier places. vehicle and human -proper drainage -enough government funding. 7.Flood -higher land for -supports provided -installation of early construction. by government warning system

6. Uesu Gewog

Table 21: Uesu Gewog Capacity Assessment Table

Hazard Capacity

Physical Economic Social

Earthquake -Open ground for evacuation Rural house and life Traditional knowledge insurance (taking cover under -BHU located nearby doorway of traditional Good road and mobile houses ) connection. RBA & IMTART Dratshang to carry out kurims

Windstorm Proper anchored roofs Rural house and life Traditional knowledge of insurance taking shelter in lower floors

Flood River bank protection rural insurance and Traditional knowledge of life evacuating to higher grounds

Structure Stream & Haa Chu Rural House & Life Public, Civil servant, Fire Insurance IMTART & RBA, Forest an RBP offices Desuung, Friends of Police located nearby

Helipad Awareness

Overall, in all the Gewogs there are certain capacities and some level of awareness on prevailing hazards and some knowledge on the measures to take to reduce risk before and during disasters. Following are summary of capacity needs in Dzongkhag:

1) Risk Reduction and Mitigation There is need to build capacities in the Dzongkhag engineering cell and Dzongkhag DM Officer to lead both structural and non-structural mitigation activities in the communities, schools, health facilities, etc. Rural homes, school structures, health facilities and cultural structures have been particularly vulnerable in past earthquake events. Therefore vulnerability assessment of old and important/ public structures are important to determine strengthening needs or replacement decisions. In terms of earthquake, and also other hazards, there is need to strengthen the construction quality monitoring system to ensure constructions adhere to standards and building codes.

Landslide is also a priority hazard for Haa and there is need to build capacities in the Dzongkhag to raise awareness in the community on ways of land management and carrying out mitigation in structures such as roads, schools, lhakhangs, etc. that suffer from recurrent landslide damage.

Community groups such as community forest groups and system of having Re-suups, Me-suups, Chu-suups, etc. need to be encouraged. Also there is still need to raise awareness within the Dzongkhag and in the communities on key messages for risk reduction and preparedness.

2) Preparedness For preparedness there is need to ensure early warning capacities for heavy rainfall, thunderstorms, avalanches, hailstorms, and other such extreme weather conditions and have systems in place to provide the early warning/ advisory to the affected communities in time. Capacities also need to be built in terms of raising community awareness on risks and family preparedness. Similarly preparedness capacities need to be developed in important public institutions such as schools and health facilities.

3) Response In terms of response, capacities for - Search and Rescue, First Aid, conducting various assessments (rapid, damage, safety etc.) need to be built at various level. There is also need to support and organize volunteers for response and coordinate with existing volunteer organizations such as Desuups. For effective response, Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) need to be developed for each Gewog. Simulations and drills should be carried out to test and practice the procedure. At the Dzongkhag level, EOC should be established along with related Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs).

3.4 Disaster Management Action Plan (2016 – 2020)

Table 22: Bji Gewog Action Plan

Severity Priority area Key Activities Target Responsible Supporting agency Time Budget agency line (FY) (M)

Windstorm Awareness and Construction of structures, All chiwogs GDMC DDM/DDMC/RBP 2017- 0.150 Education fire safety methods, Good 2018 agriculture practices, causes and effect of rainfall, Mock drill

Enhance risk reduction awareness on new building All Chiwogs GDMC DDM/DDMC 2017- 0.100 and mitigation code for rural homes 2018

Enhance preparedness, Institute a rapid response Gewog & GDMC DDM/DDMC 2017- 0.300 response and recovery team and command center. 2018 levels Damthang RBA school teachers

Structural Fire Awareness and Included with windstorm awareness and education Education

Enhance risk reduction Construction of water All Chiwogs GDMC DDM/DDMC 2017- 0.200 and mitigation reservoir tank 2018

Enhance preparedness, Institute a rapid response Gewog & GDMC DDM/DDMC 2017- Included response and recovery team and command center. 2018 above levels Damthang RBA school teachers

Earthquake Awareness and Education Included with windstorm awareness and education

Enhance risk reduction and GDMC DDM/DDMC 2017- 0.100 mitigation 2018

Enhance preparedness, Institute a rapid response Gewog officials GDMC DDM/DDMC 2017- Included response and recovery team and command and RBA, 2018 above levels center. School teachers

Landslides Awareness and Education Included with windstorm awareness and education

Enhance risk reduction and Tree plantation, wood Land slide prone GDMC JKSNR 2018- 0.100 mitigation based retaining/check areas Office/DDMC 2019 dam (Bio-engineering works)

Enhance preparedness, Institute a rapid response Gewog and GDMC DDMC/RBA 2018- Included response and recovery team and command JKSNR officials 2019 above levels center.

Flood Awareness and Education Included with windstorm awareness and education

Enhance risk reduction and Construction of River Yangthang, GDMC Dzongkhag 2019- mitigation Protection Wall and Chempa &Tokey Administration 2020 Diversion work villages and MoWHS

Enhance preparedness, response and recovery levels

Hailstorm Awareness and Education Included with windstorm awareness and education

Enhance risk reduction and mitigation

Enhance preparedness, response and recovery levels

Table 23: Gakiling Gewog Action Plan Severity Priorty Area Key Activities Target Responsible Supporting Agency Timeline Budge Agency (FY) t (M) Windstorm Enhance advocacy on Construction of All Gewog DDM 2017- 0.30 importance of Safe House Safe and Resilent Chiwogs Administration 2018 House Ritual (Sang Sur) Offering to Ritual Offering Gewog Dzongkhag 2017- Local Dieties during occurence during seasons Administration Administration 2018 Awareness on Forest Plantation of trees Gewog RNR/DoFP/DDM 2017-

Management Administration 2018 Promote the formation of Form Community Gewog DDM 2017- Community Emergency Emergency and Administration 2018 Response and Relief group Response Group Hailstorm Enhance advocacy on Construction of All Gewog DDM/MoWHS 2017- 0.30 importance of Safe House and Safe and Resilent Chiwogs Administration 2018 other relevant awareness House Enhance awareness program Plantation of Gewog DGM/DDM/MoAF 2017- on Climate Change Mitigation trees, management Administration 2018 of watershed Ritual (Sang Sur) Offering to Ritual Offering Gewog Dzongkhag 2017- Local Dieties during occurence during seasons Administration Administration 2018 Awareness on Forest and Land Plantation of trees Gewog DGM/DDM/MoAF 2017- Management and Administration 2018 implementation of Sustainable Land Management methods Pest and Awareness on Integrated Pest Distribution of All Gewog DoA(MoAF) 2017- 0.15 Diseases and Disease Management hybrid seeds and Chiwogs Administration 2018 seedlings Train farmers on Gewog DoA(MoAF) 2017- pest and disease Administration 2018 management Distribute Gewog DoA(MoAF) 2017- fertilizers Administration 2018 Human- Awarness on Preserving Forest Establish All Gewog DoA(MoAF) 2017- 0.50 Wildlife Ecosystem and Wildlife Community Chiwogs Administration 2018 Conflict Habitats Forest Distribute Electric Gewog DoA(MoAF) 2017-

Fencing Administration 2018 Gewog DoA(MoAF) 2017- Administration 2018 Earthquake Enhance Awareness program Form Community All Gewog DDM 2017- 0.03 Disaster Management Emergency and Chiwogs Administration 2018 Response Group promote and Gewog DDM 2017- 0.03 construct safe and Administration 2018 disaster resilient house Forest Fire Enhance Awareness program Form Community All Gewog DDM/RBP 2017- 0.40 Emergency and Chiwogs Administration 2018 Response Group Creating Forest Gewog 2017- Firelines Administration 2018 Implement Gewog Dzongkhag 2017- policies Administration Administration 2018 2017- 2018 Structural Enhance Awareness Program Install Local All Gewog Dzongkhag 2017- 0.50 Fire Available Fire Chiwogs Administration Administration and 2018 Extinguishers RBP/DDM (Sand) Promote Safe House Construct Safe Gewog Dzongkhag 2017- House Administration Administration and 2018 RBP/DDM Flood Enhance Awareness Program Community All Gewog DDM 2017- 0.10 sensitization Chiwogs Administration 2018 Propose River Construction of Dungkha Dungkhag DDM/DGM 2017- ???? Diversion/Gabion Wall Gabion Wall g Administration 2018 Landslide Enhance Awareness Program Plantation 37

Community All Gewog DDM 2017- 0.10 sensitization Chiwogs Administration 2018 Thunder Enhance Awareness Program Community All Gewog BPC/DDM 2017- 0.10 and sensitization Chiwogs Administration 2018 Lightning Epidemic Enhance Awarness Program Construction of All Gewog DoPH(MOH)/DD 2017- 0.10 and Disease toilets Chiwogs Administration M 2018 Promote Sanitation and maintain All Gewog DoPH(MOH)/DD 2017- 0.10 Hygiene Sanitation and Chiwogs Administration M 2018 hygiene Drought Promote Integrated Watershed Plant trees near All Gewog DDM/RSPN/MoA 2017- 0.01 Management water source Chiwogs Administration F 2018 Pump water from nearby Procurement of 5 All Gewog DDM/MoAF 2017- 0.50 river/streams water pumps and Chiwogs Administration 2018 pipes for 5 chiwogs

Table 24: Katsho Gewog Action Plan

Severity Priority area Key Activities Target Responsible Supporting Time line Bud agency agency (FY) get

(M)

Earth quake 1. Creating awareness. 1.Conduct public awareness All DDMC DDM/GDM 2018-2019 01.0 campaign and provide chiwogs C 0 2. Providing ethics earthquake alert concreted knowledge mechanism. on structure related construction.

3. Enhance preparedness, response and recovery levels.

Windstorm 1.Enhance efficient capacity 1.Conduct public awareness All DDMC DDM/GDM 2018-2019 to act promptly. and in capacity build a Chiwogs C 0.30 structure affiliated as an 0 2. Nurture information on examplanary against the roofing of structures in proper windstorm. manner.

Structure 1.Creating awareness about 1.Construction of water All DDMC DDM/GDM 2017-2018 0.70 Fire fire extinguisher mechanisms reservoir tank in all the Chiwogs C/TOWN 0 and enhance preparedness, villages . response and recovery. 2.Requirement of fully equipped fire extinguisher mechanisms within the gewog jurisdiction.

3. Institute a rapid response team and command center.

Human 1.Awareness program 1.Providing electrical All DDMC DDM/GDM 2017-2018 1.00 Wild life implementation. fencing. Chiwogs C Conflict 2.Crops Insurance. 2. Providing compensation.

Pest and 1.Awareness on pesticides. 1. Providing pesticide. All DDMC DDM/GDM 2018/2019 0.30 diseases Chiwogs C 0 2.Enhancing active crop 2. Providing seed and rotation practices. seedling.

3. Conducting awareness on crop rotation practices.

Avalanche 1.Enchance 1. Awareness among All DDMC DDM/GDM 2018-2019 0.10 preparedness,response,recover highlanders. Chiwogs C 0 y 2. Institute rapid response team.

Flood River bank Protection, 1. Construction of All DDMC DDM/GDM 2019-2020 2.00 river bank chiwogs C/Town. Conduct Awareness. protection wall in the flood zone areas.

2. Conducting public awareness meetings

Drought Good agriculture pratices, 1. Construction of go- Gewog DDMC DDM/GDM 2020-2021 5.00 downs and store center. C Food storage go-downs. food items .

Table 25: Samar Gewog Action Plan

Severity Priority area Key Activities Target Responsible Supporting Time Budget agency agency line (FY) (M)

1. Awareness and Construction of structures, All chiwogs GDMC/DE/ DDM/GDMC 2017- 0.500 Windstorm Education fire safety methods, Good 2018 agriculture practices, plantation, Lungtha

Enhance risk awareness on new building Vulnerable GDMC/DE DDM/GDMC 2017- 0.100 reduction and code for rural homes areas 2018 mitigation

2. Forest fire Awareness and Included with windstorm awareness and education Education

Enhance risk Construction of water Clustered GDMC/DoFS DDM/GDMC 2017- 0.200 reduction and reservoir tank, enforce law village 2018 mitigation

3. Structure Awareness and Included with windstorm awareness and education fire Education

Enhance risk Construction of water Clustered GDMC/DE DDM/GDMC 2017- 0.200 reduction and reservoir tank, proper village 2018 mitigation electrification, emergency exit incorporation

4. Human Awareness and Encourage electric fencing, All chiwogs GDMC/DoFS DDM/GDMC/ 2017- 0.500 wildlife education MoA 2018 conflict

5. Drought Awareness and Encourage Construction of All chiwogs GDMC/MoAF DDM/GDMC/ 2017- 0.500 education water reserviour tanks , Dept. of Forest 2018 conservation of forest, creation of CF and pvt forest.

6. Earthquake Awareness and Education Included with windstorm awareness and education

Enhance risk reduction and build a earthquake All chiwogs DDMC DDM/GDMC/ 2017- 0.100 mitigation resilient model, identify 2018 evacuation centers in all chiwogs,

7. Pest and Awareness and Education Included with windstorm awareness and education diseases Enhance risk reduction and Rimdros, encouraging Arable land DDMC DDM/GDMC/ 2017- 0.100 mitigation enhanced farming GAE 2018 practices

8. Landslides Awareness and Education Included with windstorm awareness and education

Enhance risk reduction and Tree plantation, Eroded areas DDMC DDM/GDMC 2017- 0.100 mitigation construction of retaining 2018 wall,

9. Thundering Awareness and Education and lightening

10. Hailstorm Awareness and Education Encourage crop All chiwogs DDMC DDM/GDMC 2017- insurance, ancient 2018 agriculture practice ,

Table 26: Sangbaykha Gewog Action Plan

Severity Priority area Key Activities Target Responsibl Supporting Time Budget e agency agency line (M) (FY) -Awareness and -recovery support Whole Gewog DDMC, Dzongkhag 2018- 1.500 education -rescue activities and Gewog 2022 - Enhance preparedness, -Construction of DCM 1.Earthquake response and recovery structures, fire safety levels methods, Mock drill

Enhance risk reduction and build a earthquake resilient Gewog Administration DDMC DDM/GDMC 2018- 0.100 mitigation model 2019

Enhance preparedness, Institute a rapid response Gewog & DDMC DDM/GDMC 2017- 1.500 response and recovery levels team and command center. school student 2018

Awareness and Construction of All chiwogs DDMC DDM/GDMC 2018- 0.150 Education structures, fire safety 2022 methods, Good 43

2.Windstorm agriculture practices, causes and effect of rainfall, Mock drill Enhance risk reduction awareness on new Vulnerable areas DDMC DDM/GDMC 2018- 0.100 and mitigation building code for rural 2022 homes Enhance preparedness, Institute a rapid Gewog & DDMC DDM/GDMC 2018- 0.300 response and recovery response team and school student 2022 levels command center. -Education - distribution of All chewogs MOA Dzongkhag 2018- 0.200 3.Pest and -Enhance risk reduction insecticides and quality Agriculture 2022 disease and mitigation seedlings Sector/ RNR

Enhance risk reduction and Electric fencing Arable land DDMC DDM/GDMC 2019- 2.100 mitigation 2020 Enhance preparedness, compensations Whole gewog DDMC DDM/GDMC 2018- 2.000 response and recovery levels 2022 4.Human and -awareness and -construction of electric Whole gewog Forestry RNR 2018- 0.150 wild life education fencing Dept. 2019 conflict -providing safety measures

5.Landslide -compensations -land management Whole gewog Forestry RNR 2018- 2.500 -land management trainings Dept. 2022

Enhance risk reduction and Tree plantation, Eroded areas DDMC DDM/GDMC 2017- 0.100 mitigation 2018

6.Flood -early warning system -installation of Low lying areas DDMC DDM/GDMC 2018- 2.000 -recovery supports equipments 2022 -compensations

7.Hailstone -recovery compensations Whole gewog Agriculture Gewog RNR 2018- 2.500 sector 2022

Table 27: Uesu Gewog Action Plan

Severity Priority area Key Activities Target Responsible Supporting agency Time Budget agency line (FY) (M)

Windstorm Awareness Construction All chiwogs DDMC, Gewog DDM, GDMC 2018- 0.150 and Education of proper Admin. 2019 structures, fire safety methods, Good agriculture practices, appease local deities, plantation

Enhance risk awareness on Vulnerable DDMC, Gewog DDM, GDMC 2018- 0.100 reduction and new building areas Admin. 2019 mitigation code for rural homes

Enhance Institute a Gewog, DDMC,GDMC DDM/IMTART/RBA 2018- 0.300 preparedness, rapid response school 2019 response and team and student, recovery command Dratshang levels center. & Goendey

Structure Awareness Included with windstorm awareness and education Fire and Education

Enhance risk Construction of water Lhakhangs, DDMC, DDM/GDMC/BPC 2018- 0.500 reduction and reservoir tank, school, Gewog Gewog 2019 mitigation installation of fire & RNR Office, Admin. hydrant, procurement DVH of fire fighting equipments, procurement of fire proof steel boxes, installation of fire alarm, proper electrification

Enhance Institute a rapid Gewog & DDMC, DDM/GDMC/RBA/RBP/Forest/IMTA 2018- Included preparedness, response team and Gewog RT/CF members 2019 above response and command center. school student, Admin. recovery Dratshang & levels Lhakhang

Earthquake Awareness and Included with windstorm awareness and education Education

Enhance risk build a All Chiwog DDMC, Gewog DDM/GDMC 2018- 0.100 reduction and earthquake Admin 2019 mitigation resilient model

Mock drill

Enhance Institute a rapid Gewog & DDMC, GDMC DDM/GDMC/RBA/RBP/IMTART/ 2018- Included preparedness, response team school 2019 above response and and command student, recovery levels center. Dratshang

Pest and wild Awareness and Included with windstorm awareness and education animals Education

Enhance risk Electric fencing Arable land DDMC, Gewog DDM/GDMC/Dzo. Agri. Office 2018- 0.100 reduction and Admin. 2019 mitigation Use local manure

Enhance Crop rotation All chiwog DDMC/Gewog DDM/Dzo. Agri. Office 2018- 0.150 preparedness, practices Admin. 2019 response and recovery levels

Landslides Awareness and Included with windstorm awareness and education Education

Enhance risk Tree plantation Eroded areas DDMC/Gewog DDM/GDMC/People 2018- 0.300 reduction and Admin. 2019 mitigation Proper drainage system

Enhance Institute a rapid Gewog & DDMC/GDMC DDM/GDMC/RBA/RBP/IMTART/ 2018- Included preparedness, response team 2019 above response and and command school recovery levels center. student

Flood Awareness and Included with windstorm awareness and education Education

Enhance risk Construct river All Chiwog DDMC, DDM/GDMC 2017- 0.100 reduction and protection wall Gewog Admin 2018 mitigation Plantation

Enhance Institute a rapid Gewog & DDMC, DDM/GDMC/RBA/RBP/IMTART/ 2017- Included preparedness, response team school GDMC 2018 above response and and command student, recovery levels center. Dratshang

Hailstorm Awareness and Included with windstorm awareness and education Education

Enhance risk Appease local All Chiwog DDMC/Gewog DDA/Dratshang/MoAF/RICBL 0.100 reduction and deities Admin. mitigation Crop insurance

Enhance DDMC/Gewog DDA/Dratshang/MoAF/RICBL preparedness, Admin. response and recovery levels

Thunder & Awareness and Included with windstorm awareness and education Lightening Education

Enhance risk Follow weather All Chiwog DDMC/Gewog DDM/GDMC/People 2017- 0.050 reduction and forecast Admin. 2018 mitigation

Enhance Institute a rapid Gewog & DDMC/GDMC DDM/GDMC 2017- Included preparedness, response team 2018 above response and and command school recovery levels center. student

Drought Awareness and Included with windstorm awareness and Education education

Enhance risk Appease Local All Chiwog Gewog Admin. DDM/DDMC/GDMC/Dratshang 0.100 reduction and deities mitigation

Chapter 4: Contingency Plan As per the Contingency Planning Guidelines for Bhutan 2014, a contingency plan “aims to prepare an organization to respond well to an emergency and its potential humanitarian impact. The Developing a contingency plan involves making decisions in advance about the management of human and financial resources, coordination and communication procedures, ad being aware of range of technical and logical response”

The contingency procedures and arrangement will cover the response and early recovery phases: - Immediately before a disaster when/if early warning of an impending situation or an event is received; - During a disaster when immediate response and relief measures need to be implemented; and - After a disaster for measures to be taken in terms of relief and setting the recovery process in motion.

4.1 Standard Procedures for Response at Dzongkhag level

a. Isolated local incidents

Isolated Local Incident - An isolated local incident is an incident which does not have a widespread effect on people and property and can be managed within the normal operations of the agencies concerned, and such incident shall not require emergency procurement and

funding

For isolated local incidents, such as fire affecting single house or windstorm blowing off roof of one structure in a locality, and cases which do not qualify under Disaster Types I - III of the Disaster Management Act of Bhutan 2013, the following standard procedure shall be followed.

Dzongkhag Administration 4.Dzongkhag provides relief assistance as per directives of the DDMC and the government. Insurance company

3.Dzongkhag and Insurance Company verify damage and insurance company disburses claims. Gewog 2.Gewog Administration verifies and Administration submits report to Dzongkhag and insurance company

1.Victims report about incident to Gewog Administration Affected Family/ Individual Figure 4: Standard procedure for isolated local incidents

b. Disaster Types

As per the DM Act of Bhutan 2013 and the DM rules and regulations standard procedures for response at the Dzongkhag level for different Disaster Types will be as follows:

1. In case of Type I

Disaster Type I - A disaster shall be classified as Type I if it can be managed with available resources and is within the coping capacity of the Gewog/Thromde concerned

a. In case of an impending disaster situation, Gewog/ Thromde administration will be responsible for establishing immediate contact with likely affected areas as soon as there is early warning information and provide orders for evacuation and immediate response. b. In case of an incident/disaster situation:

a. Gewog/Thromde shall immediately submit “First Information Report” (FIR) to the DDMC/ Dzongkhag Disaster Management Officer (DDMO) along with request for declaration (Form I) of Type I Disaster. The DDMC chairperson shall declare Type I Disaster using Form II. b. Gewog/Thromde shall provide immediate response and relief within their capacity and submit for SAR and other response needs to the DDMC, if required. c. The DDMO shall submit the FIR to the DDM within 24 hours of the incident. d. Gewog/Thromde shall conduct rapid needs assessment as per Bhutan Disaster Assessment (BDA) tool within 72 hours. e. Gewog/Thromde shall conduct detailed damage assessment along with insurance companies for relief and early recovery and submit report to DDMC. f. Gewog/Thromde shall provide relief and early recovery support as per damage assessment using available funds at Gewog/Thromde level and submit expenditure report and bills to DDMC for further submission to Ministry of Finance, with a copy to DDM, for reimbursement. g. Gewog/Thromde shall seek for extension of Type I Disaster as per Form III. c. In case the incident is beyond the coping capacity of the Gewog/Thromde, request for up- gradation of disaster from Type I to Type II shall be submitted to DDMC.

2. In case of Type II

Disaster Type II - A disaster shall be classified as Type II if it can be managed with available resources and is within the coping capacity of the Dzongkhag concerned.

a. In case of receiving early warning of an impending disaster situation, the DDMC Chairperson shall immediately activate the Dzongkhag Emergency Operation Centre and relay the early warning to all the Gewog/Thromde offices along with orders for evacuation, deployment of Search and Rescue Teams or any other response as required.

b. In case of an incident/disaster situation: a. The DDMC Chairperson shall activate the DEOC and be in contact with the National Emergency Operation Centre. NEOC shall supervise the functioning of the Dzongkhag Emergency Operation Centre as per clause 107 of the DM Act of Bhutan 2013. b. DDMC shall establish contact and line of communication with disaster site and provide immediate response and relief within their capacity and submit for SAR and other response needs to NEOC, if required. c. The DDMO shall submit the FIR to the DDM within 24 hours of the incident.

d. DDMC shall direct evacuation of disaster-affected communities to safe areas and temporary shelters. e. DDMC shall manage national and international assistance and human resources in the field for response, relief and early recovery. f. DDMC shall immediately submit “First Information Report” (FIR) to the DDM along with request for declaration of Type II Disaster (Form I). The DDMC chairperson shall declare Type I Disaster using Form II. g. DDMC shall conduct rapid needs assessment as per Bhutan Disaster Assessment (BDA) tool within 72 hours. h. DDMC shall conduct detailed damage assessment along with insurance companies for relief and early recovery and submit report to DDMC. i. DDMC shall provide relief and early recovery support as per damage assessment using available funds at Dzongkhag level and submit expenditure report and bills to DDM for further submission to Ministry of Finance for reimbursement. j. Dzongkhag shall seek for extension of Type I Disaster as per Form III.

c. In case the incident is beyond the coping capacity of the Dzongkhag, request for up- gradation of disaster from Type II to Type III shall be submitted to the NDMA.

3. In case of Type III

Disaster Type III - A disaster shall be classified as Type I if severity and magnitude is so great that it is beyond available resources and coping capacity of the Dzongkhag concerned.

A disaster Type III is at national scale and will be managed by the NDMA and the DDMC shall follow the directives of the NDMA.

Figure 5: Coordination Mechanism for Response at Dzongkhag level

At the Dzongkhag level, under the DDMC, during a disaster, the following Incident Command System shall be instituted and activated during Type II and III disasters. The following teams shall be formed under the Incident Commander:

Figure 6: Response System at Dzongkhag Level 1. Responsible Officer – The Dzongdag, as the head of the Dzongkhag, shall be the overall Responsible Officer in the Dzongkhag during a disaster and will provide overall directives.

2. Incident Commander - Dzongrab shall be the IC and he/she shall oversee all the operation, logistics and planning sections.

3. Operation Section a. Chief of the Operations Section - Depending on the nature of the disaster the Chief will be from the relevant sector. For example in case of a natural disaster it will be the DDMO; in case of forest fire it will be the Dzongkhag Forest Officer; in case of a livestock hazard it will be the Dzongkhag Livestock Officer.

b. The following teams shall be formed under the operations section: i. Search and Rescue (SAR) Team - SAR shall be carried out by the RBP and RBA along with the Dzongkhag SAR Team. They shall perform search and rescue operations and assist in evacuation. They will also be 56

responsible for the provision of site security and maintenance of law and order. ii. Medical Team - The medical team shall be headed by the DHO and provide first aid, triage, trauma management and other emergency medical services. iii. Rapid Assessment Team – The DDMO shall lead the BDA while the DE shall head the damage assessment, by forming a committee.

4. Logistic Section

a. The Chief of the Logistic section will be the Dzongkhag Procurement Officer. i. Relief Team – The Relief team will be headed by the Dzongkhag Administrative Officer with support from RBA/RBP and Desuup volunteers. The relief team shall be responsible for providing temporary shelter, WASH and food supplies for both responders and affected families. ii. Procurement Team – The procurement team shall assist the procurement officer in mobilizing resources and carrying out emergency procurement. iii. Transportation Team – The MTO of the Dzongkhag in close collaboration with RSTA shall ensure transportation arrangements, including helicopter services, as required.

Chapter 5: Implementation Mechanism

As per the DM Act, the DDMC will be responsible for the formulation, endorsement, implementation, monitoring and updating of the Dzongkhag DM and Contingency plan. The DDMC shall meet at least twice a year to review and update the plan’s implementation progress.

Dzongkhag and Gewog administrations will be responsible for implementation of the prioritized plan activities and ensure that the activities are mainstreamed into their annual and five year plans. The Dzongkhag Disaster Management Officer will facilitate mainstreaming of priority disaster risk reduction, preparedness, awareness and capacity building activities in annual and five year development plans of the Dzongkhag.

In the event of disaster, DDMC will activate the Dzongkhag Contingency Plan. DDMC will, as an emergency measure, meet the meet the expenses for response and relief operation from the annual budget of the Dzongkhag in accordance with the financial guidelines. For immediate restoration of critical disaster management facilities, DDMC will submit the fund request to DDM, secretariat to NDMA as per financial guidelines.

The budget requirement for the recovery and reconstruction works should follow the normal budgetary process. The DDMC and concerned sectors shall, for the purpose of recovery and reconstruction of public assets and infrastructure, undertake detailed damage assessment within 57

its area of responsibility as per the post disaster assessment framework endorsed by the NDMA. The detailed damage assessment along with the work program and cost estimate will be submitted to DDM who will review and forward to NDMA for further submission to MoF.

The DDM, as the national coordinating agency for disaster management and the executive arm of the NDMA, shall ensure support of the NDMA and of concerned sectors and agencies. The DDM will also provide technical and monitoring support and help in mobilizing resources for the plan.

As member secretary, the DDMO will keep record, maintain data, and assist the chairman of the DDMC in monitoring the Dzongkhag DM plan activities. The DDMO shall present the plan’s progress during DDMC meetings and update DM plan activities and budget annually. DDMO will also ensure that reports are submitted to the DDM and the NDMA, as required.

Annexure a. Contact details of DDMC members

SN Name Designation Contact no. Email id Remarks 1 Kinzang Dorji Dzongdag 17110015 [email protected] Chairperson 2 Thinley DT Chairperson, 77400330 Vice Gup, Sangbay Chairperson Gewog 3 Nima Kidu officer, 17121099 [email protected] Member 4 Passang Gup, Bji 17682055 Member Gewog, 5 Kencho Gup, Katsho 17945823 [email protected] Member Gewog 6 Nima Gup, Uesu 17985874 [email protected] Member Tshering Gewog 7 Tshewang Gup, Samar 17963054 [email protected] Member Tobgay Gewog 8 Gashey Gup, Gakiling 17170997 [email protected] Member Gewog 9 Lhab Thromde 17779074 Member Tshering Thueme 10 Gembo OC, RBP, Haa 17615733 [email protected] Member Penjor 11 Nim Dorji Drungchen, Haa 17624051 Member Rabdey 12 Tashi Tenzin Gubda, RBA, 17631980 Member Damthang 13 Jigme Dorji SI, RBA, Demo 17651200 Member Coy 14 Sonam DDMO 17660802 [email protected] Member Tshering 15 Namgay Dorji Manager, BTL 17111640 [email protected] Member 16 Sangay Manager, BPC, 17116812 [email protected] Member Haa 17 Dawa Desuup Member Tshering Coordinator, Haa 18 Sonam Chief Forest 77117737 [email protected] Member Tobgay Officer, JKSNR 19 Samten DHO 77224495 [email protected] Member 20 Karchung DAO 17558829 [email protected] Member 21 Temba DEO 16681006 [email protected] Member 22 Thinley DE 17620397 [email protected] Member 23 Ugyen Manager, 17728080 [email protected] Member

Lhendup RICBL 24 Kelzang Base In-charge, 17666665 [email protected] Member Phuntsho RSTA

b. Haa Dzongkhag SAR Team

S/N Participants Designation/Office Contact Number Remarks 1 Sonam Wangchuk DSO 17172929 2 Leki Duba Census Assistant 77216922 3 Kinley Tshering Revenue Inspector 17633811 4 Yangka Kidu Officer 17638534 5 Sonam Dendup FoP 6 Sonam Dorji BPC 17876658 7 Tempa Gyeltshen Ranger 8 Norbu Gyeltshen RBP 17963132 9 Roshan Darjee FoP 10 Chencho Gyeltshen Dungtsho 11 Sherab Jamtsho RBP 17683852 12 Phub Dorji RBP 17730882 13 Chencho RBP 17270035 14 Jigme Wangchuk RBP 17541505 15 Leki Tshering RBP 17906721 16 Tshewang Tenzin FoP 17 Sangay Dorji RBP 17695983 18 Singye Wangchuk RBP 77358445/17242192

c. Firefighting (trucks, equipment, location, capacity)

Sl No Facilities Location Capacity Contact Phone person

1 Fire Fighting Truck

a. Medical

Sl Name of

No Hospital/BHU

1 District Hospital

2 BHU-1

3 BHU-1

4 BHU

5 BHU

6 BHU

7 BHU

8 BHU

9 BHU

10 BHU

d. Contact Details of De-Suups

Sl No Name Designation/Current Address Contact Remarks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

e. Contact details of 6 Gewog Administrative Officers

Sl Name Designation Contact Number No

1. Gyeltshen Bji Gewog Administration 17823187

2. Shacha Wangchuk Gakiling Gewog Administration 17953971

3. Tshering Deki Katsho Gewog Administration 17731177

4. Tshering Wangmo Samar Gewog Administration 17890610

5. Dawa Tshering Sangbaykha Gewog 17855557 Administration 6. Norbu Uesu Gewog Administration 17151006

Emergency Numbers