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BULLSHIT, GERMAINE!
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\ ■ ey *p* . • ^ V V W - / dr gr *sr < / v ,<>• ^ »* / ^v° ^ *%voS^ < V > ' . S J * A A j >\ o^v>«w'AcW -^>V° ^ ^ ^ ^^ V >V 0 ^V ) V q oV *1 ^ *^ * < #w # ^ ° v^ ,s > V vX- • # «P ^ CONTENTS f u t u h s COMMENT ON THE ELECTION and the new women MPs THE FULL DALKON SHIELD DISASTER from Phillida Bunkle jiEX AND DESTINY or Bullshit, Germaine! TEAMWORK Maori and Pacific Island Netball FEMINIST FANNY Broadsheet's Own Agony Column OUR PUBLIC FACE The Media on Homosexuality and Rape ARTS DOESNT ANYONE REALLY LISTEN A poem by Gillian Edwin REVIEWS Narratives of Women: The Auckland Film Festival/ Shona Boys: Painting-ConstructionT An A ngel at my Table/The Price of Salt/Daughters of a Coral Dawn/The Clever Princess/ Desire: The Politics of Sexuality/The Sexual Dynamics of History/Top Girls REGULARS LETTERS and Fronting Up POLL EMICK and SET VIEWS BEHjND THE NEWS Beyond ANZUS/Australian Feminist Visions/Hell-Hole-Cum-Haven: Housing Evictions in Tauranga/Robin Morgan To Visit/Stanley Roche SISTERS INTELLIGENCE SERVICE Wet T-Shirts in Tauranga/ Singing For Peace in Napier/Rape Hui at Hangarau Marae HIT LIST COMMENT Val Upton on Women and Punitive Welfare WHAT'S NEW? ON THE SHELF Bookshop Advertisement HOGWASH CORRECTION: CLASSIFIED Advertisements BROADSHEET’S COVER Sonja Davies PHONE NUMBER byG im an!yCE Netballers on the Windmil1 Road Courts, Mt Eden, during June/July 1984 photographed IS 794 751 THE BROADSHEET COLLECTIVE Sarah Calvert, Sandra Coney, Lyn Crossley, Bernadette Doolan, Sandi nail, Heather McLeish, Claire-Louise McCurdy, Diane Quin, Jenny Rankine and Renee. THESE WOMENWORKED ON THIS ISSUE Beverley Ansell, Athina Reay, Penny Winter, Deborah, Lesley omith, Leonie Child, Anne Waters, Chris Forbes, Jess Hawk Oakenstar and the enveloping women. tBRCjA^ HEEiT is„Publiiihed by Broadsheet Magazine Ltd, PO Box 5799 Wellesley Street, Auckland; Regis- e u j o n ri * ° ? r G °ne^Building, 43 Anzac Avenue, Auckland 1; and printed ay Wanganui Newspap ers Ltd, 20 Drews Avenue, Wanganui. Published: 1 September 1984. BROADSHEET annual subscription $NZ24, overseas surface $31, overseas airmail Europe $43.50 America and Asia $39, Australia and South Pacific $33. Permission must be sought before articles may be reprinted. Broadsheet is on file at the Women's Collection, Special Department, Northwestern University Library Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA. the GPO as a magazine. Broadsheef, September 1984. 1 the ANZUS issue. I am not proud Jones doesn't always get the that TVNZ then scrapped the in coverage he wants. terview in favour of Bob Jones Karen objected to what she cal bvd-mouthing Gordon Dryden led the "consistent bandwaggon- and so prevented New Zealanders ing" of the Values Party during hearing one of the most remaka- Petra's visit. Values is extremely LETTERS proud to have brought Petra to ble women in the world being cen PETRA KELLY began seven years before Die sored by our very own Television New Zealand, and we are also Grunen with the same ideals and New Zealand. proud to be part of the worldwide Dear Broadsheet, “Green" movement. Doesn't As organiser of Petra Kelly's visit the same level of support but we I hope this letter will not be cen Karen realise that Values was in to New Zealand I should like to have failed to win seats. The first sored byBroadsheet and will give strumental in getting the German reply to the gratuitous attack on step necessary for progress here is your readers more understanding Green Party established, and our Values at the end of Karen Man- to change the electoral system to of the political facts of life. international "green” links makes gnall’s report on Petra Kelly (July/ proportional representation so Alan Wilkinson that the Government cannot act in us unique in N Z politics? August issue). Co-leader, NZ Values Party As for Values people "co-opt Petra Kelly was brought to New the interests of only 40% of the ing and massacring" the Maori Zealand at a very substantial cost voters and so that new ideals and new voices can win parliamentary I would like to comment on sev language, we don't claim to be borne by the relatively small perfect. We try our best to prom number of dedicated people who representation. eral matters raised in Karen Man- Karen Mangnall implies that gnall’s article on Petra Kelly in ote Taha Maori, and we are the are the backbone of the Values only political party which gives Party. She is a most outstanding Values has severed links with the your July issue. equality to all minority groups (in woman, but with her dedication "grassroots movements". 1 know Karen mentions that she had cluding men). It is not easy to be and intensity of commitment is in that will raise bitter laughs from heard that Petra wanted to talk many Values people who feel that only to people from alternative come fluent in a second language, serious danger of physical col and Values members would rather lapse. While she was in New Zea many of these movements bet and feminist journals. She had rayed Values at the first sound of a heard wrong. While Petra cer use little Maori than none at all. If land she worked from 9am till 3am our pronunciation is astray we despite suffering from major piece of window-dressing waffle in tainly prefers talking to such would certainly welcome correc health problems. Each night she their direction from National and people she appreciates that to get tion. spent several hours on the phone Labour. her message across to the uncon Finally I would like to say that, dealing with her West German It is a fact that Values has never verted it is important to talk also having been privileged to spend political duties on top of the work weakened its stands on any of the to mainstream media such as the some time with Petra during her of researching and recording the causes of environment, justice Herald and Listener, and she was Auckland visit, I feel that Karen's issues in the places she was visiting and equality that it is based on.It is very happy to do so while in Auck article was a very fair portrayal of and preparing for her speeches also a fact that many pressure land. The Herald printed an excel her, but Petra didn’t come all this and interviews. groups have capitulated to Natio lent if limited article on Petra on 1 way on her own. Gert Bastian, al For this kind of effort she has nal and Labour in the false belief June 1984. Unfortunately it was that these parties can be influ relegated to their "Mainly though less fluent in English, gave been accused of fostering a leader some interesting insights into Ger- ship cult, not by grass-roots Die enced to change the distribution Women" page, but even Bob Grunen party members, but by of power in our society without those who feel themselves com political confrontation. It is a fact peting with her. Immediately be that many members of pressure fore her Australiasian visit she groups in New Zealand are not ac resigned as one of the three Die tually willing to change their polit Grunen spokespeople in favour of ical allegience in the interests of a group of six women who had put the cause they profess to support - themselves forward as a "take it or and they do not wish to believe leave it” package. She com they must do so. mented that only two of these Karen Mangnall may be sur women are feminists (the others prised to know that we in Christ having entered Die Grunen via church told Petra Kelly about the peace movement with Church Broadsheet, gave her our own connections) and that she felt personal back issues to read and their tactics were an unacceptable keep, and urged her to speak with "male power play”. you. It is hard not to feel that yet She has written of the comfort again Values support has not been she finds in the links she has made fairly reciprocated. with like-minded political move The charge that Values co ments outside West Germany. opted “taha Maori” for it’s own With all the jealousies and criti cause could equally be levelled at cisms she has to suffer within her Broadsheet - we and you tread a own party it is a pleasure for her to fine line between showing our be reminded that she and Die sympathies and being accused of Grunen do serve as an inspiration opportunism. Petra Kelly was not and as an example to the rest of impressed with the sexism and the world. violence of the Maori cultural She is also acutely aware of heritage. Let none of us pretend political realities. “We started Die that we have all the answers or all Grunen because we realized that the virtue. we could get 400,000 people in I am proud that Values brought Europe marching for peace but it Petra Kelly to New Zealand. I am did not make a scrap of difference not proud to say that Dairne to government policies. The only Shanahan told her before a taped way to get change is to take votes interview for the "Sunday" TV from other parties.” She also programme that she would not be realizes that both in Britain and permitted to make any links bet New Zealand the electoral system ween the green movement and protects the status quo. Values New Zealand, nor any mention of 2 Broadsheet, September 1984. man militarism. Karen may have Tātou. tātou. how a hysterectomy looks to a ter tactics. felt that Petra had "lost that gaunt Paf Ocean hitherto healthy person, un sleepless look", but the Values The specialist was apparently Christchurch familiar with hospitals or opera both frank and supportive at the Party was very aware that she is an tions. Such matters are fortu extremely sick woman, and at her interview where he advised me Dear Broadsheet, nately not general knowledge. to have the operation, but I had request we tried to limit her public Well, I say the Maori interviews I had a hysterectomy at Wel activities, and allow a little time never heard of my condition are nearly always the best part of lington hospital just under two (atypical hyperplasia) and didn't for relaxation. Broadsheet, without any doubt. years ago, at the age of 48. I was In the short time she was here know what questions to ask. He In reply to some letter-writers both lucky and unlucky in com asked me if I had any more ques we came to love and admire her. re any so-called "hatred” in parison to the stories Lyn re and her visit has indeed been a tions and I said not at present, Broadsheet or elsewhere: Maoris counts. I was well briefed by the but could I ring him up with "shot in the arm" for Values. Such have been turning the other cheek clinic sister on what to expect, more if they occurred to me? He shots strengthen us in our continu for as long as I can remember. Do had a technically competent sur- appeared quite taken aback by ing struggle for peace and justice. the suggestion (was it the first Ruth Symons time it had been made?) but ag NZ Values Party Auckland Dele FRONTING UP fice chairs and another typewriter. reed. I asked would it be all right gate and Chauffeur to Petra Kelly In this issue we introduce a TV it I followed the procedure I al SIS COLUMN ways do with my very helpful Ed Note: Broadsheet contacted column, Set Views. Feminist GP, that is leave a message so as the Values Party asking for inter Fanny, who was last featured in Sisters Intelligence Service is an not to disturb him at surgery and view time after seeing a poster an September 197b just five vears opportunity for us to learn what's allow him to ring me back. He nouncing Petra Kelly’s visit at the ago. returns to brighten our lives. happening around the country agreed, with a total lack of en library. We were told we would Hit Fist will record women's ac and for you to write and tell us thusiasm. have to take second place to the tions against sexism and Poll what's happening in your area. He told me at the initial inter main media, television etc. We F.mick presents her ow n particular This month we hear from were never given interview time brand ot fanaticism. You may Tauranga and Napier. view that “atypical hyperplasia" and Karen wrote her piece after have noticed that we have a new meant I had a proliferation of WHERE WE ARE abnormal cells in the endomet attending Petra Kelly’s confer type for our name on the cover. On the first floor of the Gane ence. While Petra Kelly was in We decided to have a masthead rium which might progress to Building. 43 Anzae Avenue. Au cancer, and whilst the sample he Auckland. Broadsheet was con that symbolised Our approach to tacted by Values and told Petra life, bright and bold, in this our ckland. Our office and bookshop had taken during my diagnostic is open between 9am - 5 pm Mon D & C was not malignant, he Kelly would like to visit our offices thirteenth year of publication. the next day. We rang around the day to Friday and l()am to 1pm on could not rule out the possibility THANKS of a hidden malignancy being collective and gathered at the of Saturdays. Our box number is PO Thanks to all those people who Box 5799 Wellesley Street, Auck fice. Petra Kelly and Values did there already. I asked what was have used the automatic pavment not arrive; neither were we land. New Zealand. Phone 794- the statistical likelihood of form to pledge us a regular 751. notified of any cancellation. someone with my condition de amount. Thanks to all those who veloping cancer, and he said that This note is not intended in any are going to. Every dollar helps to BOOKSTALLS way as a criticism of Petra Kelly. couldn’t be estimated because keep us alive. If you are having a seminar, work such uteri, when found, were And Karen Mangnall’s piece was shop or meeting and you require a nearly always removed. written independently of anything APOLOGIES bookstall please get in touch with On reflection, after the inter happening at Broadsheet. We do, To Terry Mehlman, Debbie us. We are pleased to show what view. it struck me there was a however, feel that Broadsheet got Swanner and Midge Quant of the we stock in the bookshop and it fallacy there somewhere. If gen second rate treatment by Values. US Radical Feminist Organising also helps to sell our books, T- erations of doctors thought that Despite Broadsheet's commit Committee, w ho wrote the article shirts. cards and badges. atypical hyperplasia progressed ment to publishing material on "Bombs Don’t Discriminate". to form cancers, and con subjects the main media are often The address of the committee is DEADLINES sequently removed uteri to pre indifferent to, or cover in a dis 109 Ellerbee Street, Durham, NC Deadline for November - Sep vent this, neither women nor torted way, we sometimes find 27704, USA. tember 10 and tor December - that groups we would consider doctors would ever be in a posi TABLE October 10. Small items. What’s tion to know whether it did in have broadly similar aims to ours, New? and advertisements can fact progress. There was also a and whom we would expect would Broadsheet workers need a reach us up to two weeks after that catch - only a brave woman give us some priority, put us sec medium sized table for pasting up date. would care to test the assump ond to the conservative media. cuttings, writing, typing etc. Our last one only had three legs on it ADVERTISING RATES_____ tion by putting her own life on CATEGORIES and it’s finally driven us so crazy Classified $3.80 per column, quar the line. Dear Broadsheet, we’ve consigned it to the corridor. ter page $70, half page $140, third The best solution seemed to be to use the month I had before 1 was saddened by the letter from Can you help? We also need page $97.20 and a full page $260. the operation (I had been placed 25 Dykes. Maybe they should talk another heater, as many east light Inside covers $360 and outside on the semi-urgent waiting list) with straight women instead of folders as we can get, sellotape back cover $720. Contact Diane “them”. dispensers, teaspoons, stable of- or Renee. to inform myself as fully as pos sible, from books and by further 1 ve always abhorred classifica questioning of the specialist. tions. I’m a straight woman, but Then maybe, in the absence of maybe I’m bent a little. I'm cer you want them all to walk on geon. excellent nursing care and statistics, I could still get an idea tainly a follower of the way of water as well? only a very minor complication. of what order of risk I ran. I Wicca, which means that I bend Nicky Negrescu However. my gynae found nothing written for the and shape things. I love many les Nelson South cologist succeeded in rob layperson on atypical hyper bian women, especially two very bing me of my right of informed plasia. but with the help of special women in Christchurch HYSTERECTOMY consent despite my best at a feminist librarian managed to whom I am very fond of. Dear Sisters, tempts at asserting myself. Un track down some relevant and And what about privileges? I I found Lvn Potter’s article on like Lyn, I did not temporarily partially readable material. It reckon I work pretty hard most of hysterectomy of great interest, forget to act like a feminist, but seemed to show that the link bet the time, and I ain’t got no spare and Dr Hutchinson's letter to my assertiveness still did not ween atypical hyperplasia and money. I hate self-justification, her horrified me by its arro achieve the desired result. I am cancer was a circumstantial one. but I’m working to put my daugh gance. It was so centred on the writing about my experience in and that experts were divided on ter through high-school and hospital institutional setting that the hope that others will be able its significance. The main points perhaps varsity. it completely failed to envisage to learn from it and evolve bet were: Broadsheet, September 1984. 3 • The peak age for atypical moved - it is also because there dence than an air of alarm. The of the operation. The other hor hyperplasia is the late 40s; are no separate statistics for AH - basic problem was that he and I mone effects, nausea, heartburn, • The peak age for endometrial it has the same code number in na had totally opposing ideas on my rashes and tension, have eased cancer is mid-50s; tional and international health role. I believed my task was to find considerably since the vitamin and • Fewer women in their 50s have statistics as carcinoma in situ (an out the consequences of having exercise therapy. atypical hyperplasia than women early cancer which hasn't spread) the operation and not having it, I was fortunate enough to have in their 40s. leading to the infer of the endometrium. Con weighing the options against each no depression following the oper ence by some writers that it has sequently the mortality and survi other and then deciding whether ation. I now have far more energy mostly regressed by then and by val statistics for the two conditions to have the operation. He saw my than I had for 10 to 15 years before others that some has regressed are printed out together under the role as listening to his first, care the hysterectomy, which suggests and some gone on to develop into caption “Carcinoma in situ of the fully prepared and staged perfor that I had been “dragged down" cancer; endometrium," which had an en mance and then to trust and obey. for years, first by hormonal birth • The reason that both these infer couragingly high survival rate He ceased being kindly and sup control and then by heavy, erratic ences can be drawn is that there is until one reflects that besides portive as soon as I stepped out of bleeding. My GP suggested, a link between high levels of estro being a very early form of cancer it my prescribed role. after reading the specialist's re gen production and both condi is mixed up with a totally benign After I had the operation, my port, that this would have been tions - by the 50s women's estro condition. uterus was sectioned and analysed the major reason for having it gen levels have dropped to a low To sum up, 1 discovered enough and found to have no cancer, and done. If this had been put to me I level, however cancer typically to make me agree with the no more atypical hyperplasia. It would have been more likely to takes at least 10 years to develop specialist that there was probably had all been removed by the pre- feel easy about going along with after the stimulus which produces some risk in not having the opera ceeding D & C. Now, nearly two the gynaecologist’s recommenda it; tion, but nothing to help me place years later, I am in excellent tion. The return to work six weeks • Estrogen by itself by itself is not it anywhere on a continuum from health and glad I had the opera after the operation I found too thought to be the culprit, it is es negligible to overwhelming. This tion. I had a few problems in the sudden, although I was rearing to trogen unopposed by proges was the point when I got back to first six months. My bowel and go the week before. I would terone, which can occur both dur the specialist on the phone with a bladder which had always had suggest to other women that they ing adolescence and pre fresh lot of questions. I wanted to some problems due to childhood should ask for a certificate allow menopausal, however the condi ask whether I had any of the more polio and bad circulation, gave me ing gradual part-time return at tion barely exists in the teens (my extreme indications shown in the worse problems for the first three first, working up to full-time as reading did not explain why this literature (very suspicious looking months, and no-one, either nurs soon they feel able, and returning .latter fact should be, but the cells, very suspicious bleeding pat ing staff nor the specialist, was the for a while to part-time if extreme specialists did, in his initial session terns etc) and what position he slightest bit interested. In effect it fatigue recurs. - AH is more likely to develop took in the controversy about the meant my first two months back at I see this is a very long letter but after a lifetime of high estrogen link between the two conditions. work were marred by frequent am unrepentant. Women of my production, in the sort of woman My first mistake was to ring and long sessions at the toilet. But that mother’s generation were figures who menstruates early and has a leave a message which he received is not classed as a complication. I of fun for getting together to talk late menopause, which is my fam when he came out of surgery. 1 had a healing problem - growth of about their operations. I blench ily history - apparently the occur now know enough about the granulated tissue on the internal when I think of the traumas they ence of anovulatory periods, with workloads of surgeons to realise I wound, which was painlessly must have gone through in ignor out progesterone production, is should have made an appointment cauterised and gave no trouble, ance and unsupported. Know the last straw); to see him in person during clinics. and that was seen as a complica ledge is strength, and like Lyn I • The cells of AH have an appear I hadn't realised this was possible tion. I had an area of "Hyperaes- want to share the knowledge I ance somewhere between normal for a second consultation. My sec thesia" - painful skin and flesh have gained. endometrial and cancer cells but ond mistake was to open the con about three inches about the Letter No. 2. This one is to con their reproduction, though exces versation with reference to my wound for six months, but it was gratulate you on an all round ex sive is not uncontrolled; reading and ask a few questions only regarded as a curiosity by the cellent June issue, especially • Where endometrial cancer is using some medical terms. I was medical staff. It has something to Sandra Coney's article on Sharon found there is often AH as well; immediately ticked off for misus do with damaged nerves growing Kroot. Also, congratulations on • Where endometrial cancer is ing the terms. Every opening 1 back. To me it was a constant ir the quick action which must have found there is often AH as well; made was rubbished on the ritating reminder that my tummy been needed to get the July issue • Some types of AH are harder to grounds of my ignorance, in a con was not the way it had been be out with all the relevant election distinguish from cancer cells than temptuous manner. He did not fore, something I would have material. I enclose a small further others and in these cases surgery is say so in so many words, but the liked to put out of my mind for donation to help Broadsheet’s more strongly recommended than attitude was "Trust Big Daddy most of the time. I suffered from survival. for others; and leave it all to me. If I tried to the usual sudden onslaughts of ex • Surgery is the "treatment of tell you. you wouldn't under treme fatigue, frequently for Karen Peterson Butterworth choice" for all cases of AH where stand. because you've just shown three months and occasionally for Tawa the woman is getting on for me how ignorant you are." another three. menopausal age and has com Eventually 1 gave up asking any Three months after the opera SHARON KROOT______pleted her childbearing - in detailed questions and blurted tion I had a great surge of hor Dear Broadsheet, younger women hormone (prog out. "Would you say I had a high, mones which made my breasts en Thank you very much for the esterone) therapy might be tried medium or low chance of getting larged, sore, lumpy and secreting Broadsheet that you so kindly sent first (the three textbooks which cancer?" Without any hesitation milk (23 years after having given me. Would it be possible to get said this included Llewellvn- he replied "High." but he would birth). I consulted my GP who another for Sharon's sister; she Jones' basic textbook for medical not tell me his reasons for thinking was quite helpful. He prescribed would very much like to have one. students, but did not say whether so. vitamin B6 and regular vigorous The article read very well. The progesterone therapy actually I pondered the advisability of exercise to prevent hormone fluc only thing is "Girls can do it" - I worked, whether these cases pro getting a second opinion but de tuations. These had been a big bred the horses, not the father. I duced a high incidence of cancer, cided against it because my read problem for the three years lead have been one of those people or whv surgery was the treatment ing had convinced me there was ing up to the operation. The who cannot sit in a pigeon hole. I of choice for older women - I do some risk, and also because his specialist had said he was unable try anything and everything that not to this day know the answer to face and body language and tone to help with these problems, takes my fancy. these questions, as the specialist of voice at the initial interview which would probably continue Thanks again for your consider was no help); conveyed (besides arrogance) a after the operation. Nevertheless ation. • The reason why health statistics definite urgency. Nevertheless I the breast symptoms were more are no help, I discovered, is not remain angry with him because extreme than any I had had before Marita Kroot only because all the uteri are re one should be given firmer evi and in my opinion were an effect Whangarei 4 Broadsheet, September 1984. The other day I was sitting at “I want to do one of those Random violence, a grimy wheez the token reactionary bigot. But my table sending my daily collage pieces, you know, ing stationhouse, everything hap white values still run the system hate-waves towards men. heavily symbolic, layers of pening at once under a continually and this isn’t shown up so much. Feminists do this all the time. meaning, that sort of thing.” shifting focus, moments of silence Corruption happens (in other pre I’m sure everyone knows that. • “As long as you can re and power. cincts, not Frank’s). It’s always only a few individual cops, rather After I’d finished my daily member that the personal is Hill St Blues (HSB) isn’t an or than the whole apparatus rein stint and said my personal hit political,” I retorted, getting in dinary cop show or sitcom. It has a forcing inequality while paying lip list aloud, viciously, three large ensemble-style cast, several a hefty clout of feminist diat service to the promises of the Con often unfinished plot lines in each times, my eyes turned to the ribe. stitution. In one episode, Frank window. Outside I could see a “I’ve thought about it all episode, and it deals with corrup lost his temper with a Chicano tion, racism, suicide, police vio tall tree and my thoughts very carefully,” she said bel gang leader who had gambled lence, rape apd other controver turned immediately to that ligerently, “its got to combine away a community grant on the fu wonderful old song, sial issues. The characters gradu tures market. How many corpo so many things. A dash of ally grow and change, unlike other rate whites who do similar things I think that men will never be liberalism, a good sprinkling American sitcoms where the same As satisfied with trees as me of homophobia, a song called get caught, or are even thought of quirks make for the same jokes in as criminals? A tree that stands alone all Poor Me with backing from episode after episode. bare The station is in a predomin The Establishment, you know When I first saw it, I loved it. It antly black, very poor area. The doesn’t talk down to its audience - And concentrates on being the sort of thing.” viewpoint is the cops’ - it’s a vio there “It sounds possible,” I said no telegraphed jokes, no charac lent world out there and cops have ters changing suddenly to fit the Poems are made by some but in husky tones, “where will to deal with it violently. All their needs of the plot, no cardboard we you display it?” arrests are vicious - beatings, protagonists blended from Just smile when we see a tree “I’ve thought and thought,” slammings against walls. Other stereotypes and oddities. violence in the show is random My reverie was interrupted she shrieked bitchily, “and But towards the end of its first by a friend who dashed in gib somewhere at a university and unexpected. Black characters season, I started to like it less. are shown coping with death with bering disjointedly (yes, I seems to be a good place. It's One reason was the treatment of know you can’t gibber any great strength and dignity, but the sort of enterprise that goes one of the three women regulars, overall they remain victims. other way). She thrust a piece down well there don’t you the precinct captain’s ex-wife Fay. There’s recognition that lack of of newspaper at me. think?” She was written as an extremely power and opportunity leave rob “Look at that,” she said stri “Mmmmn,” I said with all dependent, helpless, fuss-making bery and other crimes as the only dently (feminists always talk the pent-up revolutionary woman who came into the station way to survive. HSB mentions af every day to bother Captain stridently). force I could muster, “but firmative action, but only to put Now I’m used to a bit of the Frank. The writers meant the view equal numbers of blacks in the what will you call it? The title ers sympathies to be with his old fanatical ranting and rav is so important.” white hierarchies. endless patience and understand The ordinary cops have flaws, ing which we feminists love to “Oh that’s easy,” she said, ing. Fay became interested in are convincingly sexist or racist or indulge in but she seemed to tossing her lank, unstylish hair feminism and was talking admir bigoted. But Captain Frank is be going a bit too far. ingly about lesbian activists for a over her shoulder, “I’m going close to perfect. Liberals see “Read it!” she cried emotion to call it Compound Dues. ”□ time. Through her, feminists were males like Frank as role models, ally (feminists always . . .) presented as always confrontory, examples of what men should be I turned the newspaper up always challenging at the wrong like. He has the perfect equal re moment. This fad soon passed, as the right way and there in lationship with the lawyer Joyce all her others did. But in recent under very stressful cir front of my hard beady eyes I episodes, her character has been saw, cumstances. The episodes fre-^ changing for the better, becoming quently end with the two of them For Hire: Six metres of more independent and assertive. in bed, finding release from the heavy chain. Used once. The other two token women in stress of the outside world in each “Why on earth would you HSB are a lawyer and a cop. The other. That started to pall after a want this?” I said shrewishly. only way to deal with tokens is to while. The other cops drown their increase their number, till we have “Its one of those things I’ve sorrows together, but Frank in his always wanted,” she said hys real representation, so this is an lonely eminence, has only his terically. improvement. Both these women lover. are competent; you feel her part “What for?” I asked shrilly. The drawback in liberal prog ner could count on the cop Lucy in rammes like HSB is the invisibility “It’s this idea I’ve got,” she any difficult street situation. The replied. Her face, devoid of of the bias in the whole system. In three women are white, however. dividual corruption and bigotry is makeup, was a stark and ner- The token woman of colour still vewracking sight. acknowledged, and solutions hasn’t appeared permanently in seem nearer and easier than I’ve “Careful,” I said in sinister HSB. Other women cops who found them to be. However, I’d tones, “you know as well as I briefly pass through the prog rather programmes that regularly do that it's very dangerous ramme are invariably involved in show racism and shady politicking when women get ideas.” problematic sexual relationships as serious issues, than those that with male cops. She ignored my warning ignore them or make jokes out of The station staff is racially them. Especially when they’re and said in a hard and very mixed, and racist attitudes often deep voice, also excellent television.□ get shown up, especially those of Jenny Rankine. Broadsheet, September 1984. S going down. By lunchtime of the second day we were fum BEHIND! 11813 NEWS ing. The voices of us women, of the indigenous people, had by now been swallowed up - tions which started straight we were listening to experts on away and which seem to be “ANZUS & NZ”, “ANZUS BEYOND ANZUS continuing. One workshop produced a leaflet for the elec CHRISTINE D ANN was one of the organisers of the tion. Another took the whole Beyond ANZUS Conference held in Wellington in June. conference with it down to the She talks about what the conference achieved. French Embassy to protest the LUISE BRANDT went too, she gives her impressions. latest bomb test at Moruroa. Others made plans for further no participants appeared to national contact and coordina The snap election stole the tion on issues such as Nuclear conference’s media thunder, disagree with the fundamental proposition that you can’t Free and Independent Pacific. and this was disappointing. The ultimate test of action However, radio publicity for have peace without justice, there was divergence over coming from the conference, the major speakers was good, though, will be whether public and useful links were estab what priority should be given to struggles for justice com opposition to Anzus can be in lished between local media creased, and the Labour Party people and some of the over pared to campaigns on specific “peace” issues; which justice held to its pledge to ban nuc seas speakers. lear warships from NZ ports, Australia is a more impor issues were most vital, and & Australia”, “Nuclear War how they should be tackled. even if this means getting out ship Visits”. We decided to tant partner in the Anzus al of Anzus. liance than New Zealand, and There was also the question of issue a challenge - to question the connection between For those wanting to work the proceedings of the confer means and ends, with some on this issue I think the confer ence. We went back to the participants criticising the ence provided useful informa town hall where people had conference structure as being tion, contacts and inspira started to gather for the next part of the system we are try tion.□ session (on “Real and Per ing to oppose. Christine Dann. ceived Threats”). We Key words: Maori, Nuclear gathered at the front of the Free and Independent Pacific, “Beyond Anzus” is not a very hall and sang to each other - racism, colonialism, pakeha, inspiring name, and when one the singing began to change women, sexism, violence, is asked to present the the atmosphere of the hall - heterosexism, freedom. women’s perspective on began to act as a signal to Aborigine, power. . . ANZUS in 15 minutes one other women. We had let the Getting away from the US could give up all hope if it organisers know what we were and its imperialist values weren’t for the Goddess. We going to do - we did not ask. means moving towards some came up with the story of how “Use a microphone,” yelled thing. In terms of immediate the order and balance of life, out an incensed male who had defence and foreign policies birth, and death was not ac placed himself at the utmost this is not a difficult problem, ceptable to man - who in fear possible distance from us. the conference organisers and Owen Wilkes and Ross of his own death, took the “I don’t want to. I don’t were very keen to start Stevens made some excellent power of women, indigenous know how to use a mic dialogue with Australians on practical suggestions at the people and of the land by rap rophone but you know how to their plans for getting out of conference which we should ing and pillaging until we end move closer,” said Stephanie. Anzus. Sixty Australians pressure the government to up with the present day situa “Order, order, I will have came to New Zealand espe take up as soon as possible. tion of man, suicide button in order,” yelled the chairman - cially for the conference, and However, in terms of what hand, standing powerfully, everyone was reacting with the contact between Austra New Zealand is, who its conqueror on the backs of all emotion, instinct, even pas lians and New Zealanders people are, what they want, he has oppressed. But we op sion - it was wonderful. Talk proved stimulating and valu where we are going, and what pressed challenge the power of real and perceived threats! able. At the time of writing it our role as a Pacific state is - that has been taken and as Finally a compromise of looks as though Australia will the questions are many, and sumed - any conference look sorts was reached - each ex be joining the US to pressure the conference was more suc ing for peace or change must pert limited to 10 minutes on NZ to stay in Anzus, so the in cessful at raising areas of con listen first and foremost to the stage - the rest of the time creased communication bet flict and difference than in those challenges - something to be spent in small groups ween our two countries fos providing neat solutions. even (maybe especially) the consulting our inner “expert” tered by the conference ha" That’s politics! liberal white peace movement on the matter. great potential. The organisers did not want finds difficult. The next morning it was de The conference, as the the conference to be a place We had started having cided to meet and discuss how name Beyond Anzus implies, where resounding remits were women’s meetings on the first the conference should pro was intended to look beyond passed and then forgotten. day of the three-day confer ceed - it was decided to move the alliance towards better sol Some workshops did produce ence at lunchtimes. It was the the chairs into a circle and do utions to the problem of sec resolutions which were en only part of the conference away with the stage - urity for New Zealand. Enter dorsed by the final plenary - where we started to make per everyone had the right to a wide variety of views! While but more exciting were the ac sonal contact with what was speak uninterrupted and the 6 Broadsheet, September 1984. Housing Evictions in Tauranga (courtesy NZ Herald) u usle proa prob personal unsolved our by caught get not and through group bonding that we found found we that bonding group lems. move to way a in speakers react to and listen to - track Harawira, Titewhai woman, h srnt t ietf what identify to strength the o e u bc o te right the on back us set to do. Yet again it took a Maori a took it again Yet do. likeI’ve seenmany a politician quarrels and grievances petty the on change forced had the microphone to air our our air to microphone the chairs, that a minority group group minority a that chairs, aoiy e et grasping kept we - majority hs ye f neato. We interaction. of type this we had not had we impossible for us to handle handle to us for impossible ing. painfully sloware in learn our fmta rset n speak and respect mutual of ing whatweit feel is - virtually row grasp most pakehas have pakehas most grasp row else. everyone as forum same It really up showed what a nar would use invited speakers the It was only through our our through only was It It was resented byIt was resented some that voted to move the move to cessfully manage to turn one’s turn to cessfullymanage ol usd dw. y 15 My down. upside world ot-l sn Bobbie-Joe, son, month-old rs uepcel ad suc and can unexpectedly disruptions arise gross how One can never understand understand never can One CUM-HAYEN HELL-HOLE- sing, expressing to one one bond. necessary to the make to order in another expressing sing, lt singing,confes ality silence, - active use of women’s spiritu women’sof use active the Iexperienced it. challenge a gig n o u ad to and us for on going was case, despitecase, overstaying their notice. didnot haveto pay anycosts or backrent fromthe court the Housing Corporation for alternativehousing. They to death, isa it lack, a is It aneviction order, which gave thema higher prioritywith evictionsin Tauranga. The tenants were taken court to for MOANA RANUI writes RANUI about MOANA the recenthousing n I ee ign a new a singing were I and and he would pretend to run. run. to pretend would he and It was neat and he would gigwould he and neat wasIt I’d then singwould jump, oma oe Id ig ee n he and peke sing I’d home. Kohanga Reo song Reo onwaythe Kohanga Freeand Independent Pacific. LuiseBrandt,Inner City Nuclear - it is not good enough to take to take isitenough good not - back yet more information.□ information.□ more yet back notes off experts and report report and experts off notes balance a through comes only our brains - understanding understanding - brains our from feelings our disassociate rs ad ai sain to station radio and press so we included the media, media, the included we so received a negative response response negative a received u dlma h nx day. next the dilemma our From every possible angle weangle possible every From et opru aslto to solution a pursue to ments depart government various ue to te ntaie and initiative the took I ture responsibility by going to the the to going by responsibility got home Iwas seething. home got work. Of course practice practice course finished early and by timethe I Of work. u o te ae t didn’t it - game the on out hope to take my frustration frustration my take to hope netball court that night in the in night that court netball the on went Iluck! rotten our just - receivership into gone company owning the flats had flats the owning company ol tee e o or evic the that Welearned our tion? later for be there could igos wa ohr reason other what linghouse saiddwel- of the (vacant) sion te ta akn fr posses for asking than other osblt fa ail su so issue racial a of possibility eat s ta rld u the out ruled that so tenants kemptness, there were pakeha were pakeha there kemptness, ee sfee truh un through suffered never who paid rent, the grounds grounds the rent, paid who tenants good reasonably were Where are are we Where going to go? We e fod hts going? what’s afford we to do? Who can help us? Can us? help can Who do? to we are going What minds. our thing Irecommend). wouldthing ac areet nt some (not agreement nancy o wr w bud y te a by bound we were nor bond demand to not chose he structure premises internal the h ln-od a nvr seen never had land-lord the hell-hole-cum-haven! hell-hole-cum-haven! Because but but as daysthe wore on it was a $50 per week hell-hole at last, at hell-hole $50 week per leavethis We’re gonna spirits. and tears shed yelled, joked, laughed to try and keep upto keep laughed try our and tions of the notices to quit, we quit, to notices of the tions en aae f h implica the of aware being and work it through. Not fully Not itthrough. work and together people, 33 families, block of eight separate separate eight of block tragedy such as this to bring a bring to thisas such tragedy oie o ut I to a took It quit. to notice en evd ih n eviction an with served been ue ltr ht e a all had we that the later nutes took I fear my come lne ny o id u mi out find to only plunge ah te. rig o over to Trying other. each thought we had no gripes withwe had thought hs pol wr my were always had I and people neighbours These angry people it was then. then. was it people angry group on the front lawn. front the on group elsd epe ee n a in were people realised I before car the unpacked and For fear of our housing fu housing our of fear For more. I had already parked parked already had I more. gle his and out want little heart usin bgn o el in well to began Questions o, f vr hd seen had I ever if Now, Broadsheet, September September Broadsheet, 1 9 8 4 . . 4 8 9 1 7 highlight the gross housing were forced to overstay the Left: Stanley Roche. situation which was and is crit deadline reluctantly. The next Below: Robin Morgan ical. It was that move that door garage became a beehive brought in constant criticism, with constant phone calls from hassles and biased comments the media nation-wide and from the general public. well-wishers. People and sup They regarded the tenants as porters began arriving to offer stirrers who weren’t prepared moral support. Money was left to help themselves “. . . on the doorstep in food par and would rather wait tor gov cels. It was freaky waiting to ernment assistance.” Many be forcibly evicted and I would different groups and people hate to go through all that came in to support us physi again. I must have misinter cally, financially and morally preted my gathered informa from Auckland, Waihi, tion because nothing hap Matamata, Rotorua and Wel pened. Sure, there were a lot lington including ones that are of unknowns parked along the struggling in more ways than street with the T V camera one. The steady correspon witnessing the whole event but dence with Friedlander no-one touched us. Banners STANLEY ROBYN (Housing Minister), Venn were lifted, supporters all ROCHE MORGAN Young (Social Welfare), Ben round were fantastic and the Couch (Maori Affairs), Peter tenants joined in although a Stanley Roche died on Friday, TO VISIT Tapsell (MP for Eastern bit bewildered by the added 11 May, this year. Just over a New Zealand feminists will be Maori), the late Keith Allen publicity. Kotahitanga, an ac year before, soon after she somewhat stunned to hear that (MP for Tauranga), Phil Goff tion group, along with the was first ill with cancer. Robin Morgan, poet, editorof (MP for Lower Hutt) and Trade Union Councils were Broadsheet (107) reprinted an Sisterhood is Powerful, and Mayor Noel Pope produced a our most avid supporters and excerpt from her just-pub author of Going too Far familiar elusive reply: “. . . we they prepared a hangi feast lished book The Red and the and The Anatomy of Freedom are sorry for the inconveni that night. There was celebra Gold: an Informal Account of is to visit New Zealand in Sep ence of your plight; however, tion but it carried the heavi the Waihi Strike, describing it tember. Her visit is being paid we cannot assist you with your ness we were feeling and those as “the first to uncover for us for by the profits from the immediate future . . .”. sleepless nights had finally the role of women in the 1979 United Women’s Con The Kaimai Trade Union caught up. events, the effect the struggle vention. Council became of invaluable Another meeting followed had on families and what the The reason New Zealand use to us and were able to pre another and we knew it was women, men and children women have not heard more sent our case to Mr Phil Goff, time to seek out a lawyer. We who fought for their principles of this is that Robin Morgan is the new Housing Minister had already received continu felt.” The December issue of only visiting the universities under the Labour Govern ous legal threats regarding our Broadsheet (115) contained and most of her time is to be ment. protest. On 9 July they took us “Matarena's Story on Love taken up lecturing to students. If our housing plight wasn't to court. It was all settled in and Death”, as told to Stanley Feminists should be con the pits then I don’t know the chambers and then for Roche, and an interview with cerned that money they con what was, but somehow the malised in court. We won the her in which she spoke of her tributed to the UWC is used stigma of solo mother also be battle but lost the war! life and her writing: “If you're for the benefit of students in came an issue. It pays to be It has now become a perso starting, as I am, in your fif elitist institutions like univer broad shouldered - it may nal campaign and I have been ties, it's too damn late.” sities. There has been no pub have slowed me down but it in Auckland gathering relev It was too late for the writ lic discussion of the choice of didn’t deter me from the main ant information to firmly es ing she wanted to do to make visitor and no discussion of issue. It only hit me when I tablish a Tenants’ Protection the New Zealand past real to what she will do, where she could no longer look a person Association and finding us. But her life was not only will go and who will be in in the eye but rather up their means for funding workers. about writing. Her funeral be volved. nostrils. What about the males Yes, our comfortably cosy came a celebration of her di In the past, surplus money who would rather retain their little rich town has made his versity. After the karanga from the UWC has been used freedom than recognise re tory and as I and another fam freed the grief for our loss, to help in the start of another sponsibility? Some would ily have five weeks to go in there was time for anyone to one. This money could have choose to remain anonymous emergency accommodation speak - of her concern for been used to help New Zea - a coward's retreat. It makes (we're in the same unit) we women, of her work for the land women who receive very me sick! have to try to piece back our Labour Party, of the poems little funding for any of their By 20 June a family of eight* lives. That’s another of my pet she loved and the students she projects. one of whom was the mum of a hates - emergency housing is challenged, of her clarity and Feminists and women’s nine-month-old and also ex like a stopgap, only there to disdain for cant, of her car media have only found out pecting another baby, were numb the pain. It's like offer which only went forwards. . . about this visit through destined for a shed-cum-gar- ing a disprin for a heart attack! And of her daughter Louise women working in univer age, four families housed in However, I look forward to who returned to Palmerston sities. No other information baches (month to month the security of a permanent North to live with her mother, has been made available to basis) and one family in a roof over my baby’s head and enabling her many, many Broadsheet. □ three bedroom home. . those special times, a long friends to share Stanley's life Sarah Calvert On D-Day 22 June three time ago, we shared as a to the very end. solo mums and their families family.□ Claire-Louise McCurdy. 8 Broadsheet, September 1984. funded support for a one in socialist action group both AUSTRALIAN come family. The Trade within the union and outside it Union Accord with the swung into gear that the cor Labour government came in rupt male leadership was ex FEMINIST for a hammering for its neglect posed and ousted. The Inter of women. national Ladies’ Garment A session on Women in the Workers’ Union has a proud VISIONS Communist Party of Australia history and led the famous 1941 - 1951 was particularly Bread and Roses strike. How exciting because of the pre VIV PORSZOLT reports on the fourth Women and ever, reformist leadership de sence of several women from Labour Conference in Brisbane. feated the communists in the that era. Women had entered 1920's and 30’s and conditions leadership positions in the have been progressively Wow! I am still on a high after range of women there, but be CPA when the boys went off eroded under a male estab coming back from the Women cause of the format of the con to war. They were responsible lished leadership. The indus and Labour Conference held ference, it wasn’t possible to for the peak party member try is divided into a male skil on 13-15 July. While it meant get a concrete impression of ship in 1942 and the highest led, highly-paid sector, (cut that I missed out on the elec this range except in the most proportion of women mem ters and pattern-makers) and tion build-up and excitement general (delightful) way at so bers. But when the boys came low-paid machinists, women here, it was well worth it. cial times. There were no ple back, the women retired back migrants whose lingua franca These conferences were nary sessions. Apparently at home. Some women there is French. The leadership started in 1976 and are held the last conference, there said it was exhaustion as well didn't speak their language! every other year in Australia. were ructions and divisions (so as male dominated thinking. The strike was the first in 43 They are not run by any or what’s new?!) and it was de “Women, Work and the years - feminist methods and’ ganisation or association but cided to dispense with them - Right Wing” was about the ac vision had unleashed it but by an ad hoc committee set up a mistake, I feel. There were tivities of the National Civic these also defeated it. The each time in the city holding it. about 15 papers or workshops Council. (The initials NCC feminists refused to take up However, it still receives Gov running concurrently, so the have a much more sinister leadership in what they consi ernment funding and univer choice was agonising. People meaning than they do here). dered patriarchal structures sities and unions sponsor dele tended to stream off into their This is a Catholic right wing and the reformists were able gates. One delegate came own areas of interest and subversive group dedicated to to defeat the strike. It was a from Canada on her Govern cross-mingling was only possi undermining progressive or very moving session, a tragic ment's funds, saying it was the ble if one chopped and ganisation. They have just object lesson in theory and only kind she knew of in the changed one’s interests in a completed a hatchet job on practice. world. sort of smorgasbord. I found it the Australian Union of Stu Anna Davin, the socialist So why was I willing to more satisfying to stick dents. Women from various feminist historian from Britain spend the time and money broadly with one since similar unions described the activities led a workshop on the con carting myself across the Tas themes kept coming through of the NCC in their organisa tribution of children to the man to a conference in Oz? I from different points of view tion. The NCC leadership was economic survival of working have to say that it was a sense and this was very stimulating. voted out of the official posi class families in London of frusration with the feminist But it did produce a rather tions in the Queensland Fed around the turn of the cen movement, or rather, lack of partial view of the conference. erated Clerks’ Union two tury. The differences in school it, in New Zealand. While I found the sessions I at years ago. The newly elected attendance between boys and solid work is being done in tended very exciting. Some officials needed a barrister, a girls exposed different pat women’s refuges, rape crisis highlights: Two women from solicitor, a locksmith and a terns of contribution of each centres and the trade union the Federation of Cuban cop to take over the union of sex to the family. movement, there is little left Women, Isobel Jomarron and fices! They have been in and My own paper on a Marxist of the overall progressive Hilda Vasallo - their problems out of court ever since trying analysis of unpaid domestic movement which united and those of feminists in de to get control of their union labour drew other women women. The fragments tend veloped countries are so diffe and have had to rely on dona working in the area and they to be turned in on them rent. They kept saying “Men tions from activists to finance seemed to get something out selves and pessimistic. They are not our enemies.” About ..this. The other Federated of it. It was really good to be have retreated from united prostitutes in pre-revolutio Clerks’ Unions in Australia able to share ideas with political action. A Women nary Cuba: “They were are still NCC strongholds. others - we Marxist feminists and Labour Conference sig trained and given jobs. Now A session on strategies for are pretty thin on the ground nalled to me an outward-look no-one remembers what kind, women to take power in un in NZ! ing perspective which views of women they were." But ions was divided over whether As I’ve said, this was only a society as a whole and pro what exciting vibrant women! to use the traditional struc partial experience of the con duces a willingness to bring They obviously saw Western tures or go outside them. ference. Aboriginal and mig about economic, political and feminism as a decadent pro There was a similar division rant women were a significant hence personal change for all duct of a decadent society. over whether such activity presence. In fact, racism was women and oppressed groups. A paper on a “Feminist in should be aimed at specifi intended to be the theme. But Well, I wasn’t disappointed. dustrial strategy for Au cally women’s needs or work because there was no stipula The conference drew 2000 de stralia” looked at the differ ers as a whole. tion that workshops and pap legates-when you think of the ences in effects for women and These themes were taken ers would examine feminist is vast expanses of Australia - the working class as a whole of up in a paper on the strike of sues within the context of ra Auckland is nearer to Sydney a family wage (the traditional garment workers against out cism, papers dealing with it than Perth - this is really im- trade union strategy) and an work in Montreal last year. It were just another strand. I pressive. There was a wide individual wage plus state- was only when a feminist There were three papers on ______Broadsheet, September 1984. 9 ant part of the other 40% walked out. What division among women over men! But SISTERS it is significant that the major ity voted for them to stay. To me, totally opposed to INTELLIGENCE separatism as a world view, yet committed to women or ganising autonomously where SERVICE necessary, all this was, to say the least, strange. It was obvi This new column will bring reports from around the country, espe ously a strong ideological cially from areas we don’t hear from too often. We want to hear point. At the end of one work about issues affecting women in your locality, be it a factory shop which I attended, and closedown or outbreak of rapes, and actions taken. We’re work which had gone five minutes ing on setting up contact women in many areas whose responsibil over the appointed time, a ity it will be to write reports or assign another woman to the task. man bailed up the woman in Readers are invited also to send brief reports (200-500 words) the chair for cutting off his when something of importance happens in their area. right to speak at the end. It *With more women in gov - looked very much like an at but also the hope that together SINGING we can have an effect. ernment than ever it is fitting tempt to intimidate. Very aggro! FOR PEACE Seven of us stayed over that we should remember the The whole feel of the con IN NAPIER night for our peace vigil and Suffrage Bill of 19 September ference was really invigorating we nestled into our sleeping 1893 and the long road yet to bags with renewed inspiration - this sense of action-orien Lunchtime activites on May women’s equality or full rep and a real feeling of richness to tated discussion but also dur 24, Women’s International resentation. ing social times, lots of zingy Day for Peace and Disarma drift off to sleep.□ □ vitality. ment, began w'ith a discussion Barb Smith This was evident at the about the origin and signifi Aboriginal women by white dance on Saturday night, mar cance of the day and about the RAPE HUI AT women which were attacked red but not quenched by the women at Greenham Com HANGARAU by the Aboriginal women, I smattering of a dozen males. mon. MARAE gather for their content rather (The Student Union put on Our decorations looked than the race of the writers. all-male bar attendants, i good. We had paper kites Tauranga Rape Crisis was of These were withdrawn by the wouldn’t be surprised if this trailing multi-coloured rib ficially established in women concerned but there wasn’t a calculated affront to bons floating just above our November 1983 at a public were notices everywhere ask women’s strength and sen heads; rows and rows of meeting of over 100 people. ing women to tear these pap sibilities). The favourite “origamied" white paper They now provide a 24 hour ers out of their already printed number was the Topp Twins' cranes were strung all around, support/counselling service book of the conference pap (“Topp Tweens" in Strine) posters, song charts and a ban and offer a variety of educa ers, since they contained sac “Untouchable Girls". I fair ner lined the walls, and left tional opportunities to red information. Thus racial puffed with Kiwi pride! When over cranes were strewn in the Tauranga and surrounding tensions and failures in organi it was announced that Piggy centre of our circle of cush districts. sation were revealed. Muldoon had been kicked ions. At the same meeting There was also considerable out, the whole hall whistled Night time, and all our trou Tautoko Wahine/Tautoko conflict over, believe it or not, and hooted and roared. Very bles were worthwhile as over Whanau publicly announced a whether men would be pre gratifying! 50 wonderful women of all similar service for the Maori sent at the conference. Appa I certainly think a wide- ages drifted into the hall, and people to be incorporated rently, one woman had ranging conference like this took a candle and a song sheet with health and child care walked out of the organising linking women’s struggles to each. We sat in a huge circle, facilities being set up on committee earlier, taking sev those of other oppressed seeking out rugs and cushions Whetu Marae, Welcome Bay, eral women with her in protest groups would be a real shot in to provide comfy seats for Tauranga. that men were not to be on the the arm for women’s libera everyone, and began the sing Tauranga Rape Crisis and organising committee or al tion in New Zealand. We in ing. It was a lovely sight, a Tautoko Wahine had limited lowed to give papers. The turn could also send a larger candlelit circle of glowing contact until a May meeting compromise reached was that contingent over to the next faces in soft light. where an original idea that men should be allowed to re conference in Oz in ’86 - teach For me, it was a wonder Tauranga Rape Crisis and gister. If any woman in a ses them a thing or two about ful chance to be with women Hamilton Rape Crisis should sion didn’t want a man pre woman-power. I strongly re who have had little or no ex get together for an informal sent, it was to be put to the commend it - those gutsy Au perience of women coming to weekend became the first reg vote, the man to be excluded ssie women can teach us gether and for them to be part ional hui of Maori and white only if a majority so decided. I plenty. If we make our pre of the energy that generates women involved in Rape heard that in one workshop - sence felt, who knows. New from women caring and shar Crisis to be held in this area. on sexual harrassment, a sen Zealand could become part of ing. The hui was held on 29 sitive area if ever there was an Australasian Women and Our talking lasted for about June - 1 July and Whakatane, one - objection to the pre Labour circuit and we could an hour, with some very mov Rotorua and Hamilton Rape sence of men was raised. It host it here. CER of a better ing moments as we all felt the Crisis groups were invited. was put to the vote: 60% voted kind - it’s worth thinking anguish of fears for the future. Individual women could also I for the boys to stay, a signific about.□ K> Broadsheet, September 1984. attend. Hangarau Marae at tinue our fight.” fairs. Future regional hui will the Sale of Liquor Act which Bethlehem was a very approp The positive things that be funded in advance.□ controls entertainment in riate venue because of its rest came out of hui included the Matire Duncan and Linda hotels.” A hearing has been ful and beautiful wharenui. beginnings of a regional col Shaw. set for mid-September when Tauranga women particularly, lective in the area which will the groups will put their view who had not been to a marae Tuatoko Wahine. 26 Resolution Rd. be discussed at the next reg Tauranga. Tauranga Rape Crisis. 21 to the Bay of Plenty Licensing before welcomed the oppor ional hui, the fact that the hui Jonathon St. P.O. Box 791. Tauranga. Committee. tunity to understand cultural did not have the divisions and Recently representatives of differences and enjoy the splits that have occured at the Women’s Centre, Rape whanau spirit at the hui. WET T-SHIRTS other women's gatherings and Crisis and MAC made submis Matire Duncan from the bonding that took place IN TAURANGA sions to the Licensing Control Tautoko Wahine and Linda because of the aroha and re Commission arguing that jelly Shaw from Tauranga Rape spect women held for each “A Wet-T-shirt competition - wrestling and wet T-shirt com Crisis became co-organisers of other. what will they think of next?" petitions are not “acceptable the hui, and expressed the Tauranga Rape Crisis does we asked back in 1980 in our entertainment” of licensed host group’s aims for the hui in have a concern about funding .report on a successful cam premises. The Commission the panui: the hui because of the uncer paign against the competition. was investigating the • to get to know the Maori and tainty of grant applications to The answer is jelly wrestling. Papamoa Tavern’s premise’s white women Rape Crisis government agencies since the Pubs in several parts of New license for other reasons and groups geographically close to change of government. As Zealand have recently used the public can make submis us. with other voluntary commun jelly wrestling, wet T-shirts sions, so the groups seized the • to spend a weekend away ity groups Rape Crisis gets by and “cheeky-cheeks” to at opportunity to make life dif from the society and culture on donations and small grants. tract patronage, and women’s ficult for the pub keeper. that oppresses us and seek The hui cost Rape Crisis $500 groups have been hard at In taking these actions the nourishment and support and they are currently apply them. groups don’t feel they can ac from other women. ing for reimbursement of the Around Easter, Leopard tually affect a hotel’s license. • to have fun, laugh, be crea money from the Advisory Breweries promoted wet T- Rather they hope by causing tive and begin new Committee on Women’s Af- shirts at its pubs. At sufficient headaches for hotel friendships. Tauranga, press releases, let managers and breweries to • to evaluate what we have ters to the brewery and a tele persuade them to abandon achieved so far, what we want PLAY-A-ROUND SPECTACULAR phone campaign to the their sexist shows. to do and the best tactics to 6 LOVELY LADIES IN THE Papamoa Tavern manager, Already the keeper of the achieve our goals. (who had advertised a “family Papamoa Tavern has said he • to discuss topics such as grant JELLY day”) by groups like Rape won't hold any more such applications. Dept, of Labour WRESTLING Crisis failed to stop the com competitions, and we under work schemes, Accident petition going ahead. stand Dominion Breweries Compensation Commission Wet T-Shirt & Cheeky Cheek Contests!! English Comic BOBBY GEE Next, promoter Benny has written to all its managers policy and payments, educa NON-STOP FUN-FILLED Levin toured six women with a saying it doesn’t want jelly tion and political tactics, etc. GIRLIE ENTERTAINMENT DOORS OPEN 7PM! “Jelly Wrestling Play-A- wrestling in its pubs because» it • to end the hui feeling re Round Spectacular”. In is too controversial. newed, strong and united to Tauranga police refused the Says Helen Dawick, “We’d continue our work. license needed for any wrest be interested to hear of action All of the above aims were ling event, but a wet T-shirt in other areas and would help achieved to some extent or competition took place at the others who might wish to use another. Greerton Motor Inn. some of our methods.” Helen On Saturday afternoon the Helen Dawick from points out that action could be hui separated into cultural Tauranga reports that a taken through the Code for groups where white women number of local groups com Advertising Alcoholic Bever discussed racism and cultural bined to put the heat on the ages which prohibits adver differences from their pubs and breweries involved. tisements suggesting a re perspective and Maori women They wrote letters, tele lationship between liquor and had an opportunity to be to phoned, contacted the media, sex by placing “immoderate or gether. Matire Duncan sum but they also employed immodest emphasis on marises the feelings of the another tactic. romantic situations” or “by women at that time: “As “Licensed hotels need two using illustrations or poses women we are as one, but licenses - a keeper's license which are provocative or there are times when Maori which must be renewed yearly suggestive.” It might also be women need to be together." and a license for the premises possible to work in some way “The hui was a tremendous DB BELL BLOCK HOTEL and entertainment from the through the Human Rights experience for many women,” Licensing Control Commis Commission, although Helen says Linda Shaw. “It had a MONDAY, MAY 2 1 -8 P M ! sion. We are at present, with says Tauranga groups have more positive and diverse ef the Men’s Action Collective not explored that avenue. fect than we had anticipated. I (MAC), objecting to the re Meanwhile, an Auckland was concerned however, that ▲ This ad appeared in the newal of the “keepers” license pub is advertising jelly wrestl so many women were not well Taranaki Daily News in May on the grounds that they’ve ing . . .□ and wanted to provide an at where New Plymouth women breached sections 126 (relat mosphere where we could protested strongly against the ing to the proper conduct of Write to Helen Dawick at Tauranga strengthen each other to con Womens Centre. PO Box 368. contests. licensed premises) and 202 of Tauranga. Broadsheet, September 1 9 8 4 . 11 have to “be”. The election brouhaha is long over and the Selye's theory of stress posits that people can achieve totally new life directions after Labour government has settled in. So what’s a time of stress. Maoridom has been through a time of great testing in the past in it for us ? We asked six women about their 15 years, the outcome of which has been to immediate reaction to the result, and what help shatter the strong colonial training that we have been subjected to through they expect, hope and fear for women over your ethical and education systems. In a way white culture has had Maoridom in a the next three years. mindgrip which those of my generation have broken through. In contrast, white people can be subject to the same stress but there is no new direction, no way out for them. There is only a nothingness. So you'll see in the white community more nervous breakdowns, more violence, more expressions of growing self-hatred. Maori- dom’s way of avoiding mirroring this is through whakapapa. Whakapapa defines a state of being. It’s everything. In the short term, all should go better for our people under Labour. After all, two of WHAT NOW? us are in Cabinet. And a new deal is cer tainly in order after the volatile emergence trees. These are just as ridiculous as sheep. of Mana Motuhake. DONNA AWATERE Other people can make our luxury pro My fear is that Labour concern for our To begin with. Labour will necessarily be ducts better and cheaper than we can. people will end up as not more than sen consumed by the need to buffer up the That’s part of the problem. With second timentalism, given the restraint of the economy after the economic landslide of ary industry the situation is even more des economy and inherent meanness of the the last 15 years. The first results will be an pairing. We aren’t able to achieve the pakeha culture towards us. As the cake initial rise in confidence and widespread kind of economic miracle they’ve achieved gets smaller, gestures of cultural generos optimism. This will droop eventually. in Asia. The problem is intellectual inflexi ity fade. Labour, like National, will not address the bility. Our education system produces Maoridom is in a state of longing right fundamental issue, which is that New Zea linear thinkers, while the East produces now. We yearn for the ways of our tipuna. land’s economy is an anachronism on the cosmos thinkers, problem-solving thinkers We feel for our old people and their sad world market. What is needed is a totally akin to the Maori. If the creative thinking ness at the white ways we now have. But new direction but all we will get is a re-ar of the Maori were unleashed, Maori could we still have dreams even after all the rangement of the existing economic order. solve the social crisis of this country by re knockbacks. New ones are coming up from Internationally we have a luxury defining what is to be valued and what the young. Labour can hook into those economy and all the new initiatives in the isn’t. It doesn’t mean Maori International, dreams or not. It’s their choice.(US.Coney economy are part of the luxury economy; that’s linear thinking. for example kiwifruit, tamarillos, pine I was most keen for National to be re SONJA DAVIES turned to power because their policies over the past years have brought us to the point where there are no illusions left. The real ity of our irrelevance to the world market has become pointedly clear. New Zealand has now taken a sidestep into a new magic machine. I have no hopes for the future, only a certainty about what will happen. White people will become increasingly restless in this country. You are increasingly irrelev ant in the world economy. You have de fined yourselves in terms of work, you are what you do, and the world is telling you what you do is irrelevant. In this country we Maori watch you losing work and we also see that therefore you are nothing. A Maori is not defined by the job he does, he is defined by eternity. By his loin links with I his tipuna. We don’t have to “do”, we only 12 Broadsheet, September 1984. The election result is just marvellous. The partnership is still a long way behind.□ or indifferent; so far-seeing minorities thing that has really amazed me is the fre Mary Sinclair have to use every means they can think of eing up of the atmosphere - suddenly all I to break through to the decision makers. that divisiveness seems to be melting away, We have come a long way. Women can which is really wonderful. It’s like hitting didates were taken for granted this time, your head against a brick wall - when it their qualities not their sex being consi stops, it’s wonderful. dered in their nominations. May we soon I don't think any of us can expect a great reach a point where nobody exclaims with deal in the way of financial rewards over surprise at the selection of a woman as the next three years, because the country is Minister of Police. in a very parlous state. The coffers are just I have no fears for women apart from bare so we can't expect much wagewise, what concerns men and children equally - except for the low paid workers - the gov- the appalling threat of nuclear annihila ernement has that as a priority. The low tion. If we don’t survive, obviously our paid are very often women, so women will dearest objectives in other directions will benefit there, hopefully. never be gained. Much energy gets wasted The establishment of the Ministry of in niggling about minor differences among Women’s Affairs is not going to solve ev ourselves. We could aim for a broader erything but it does at least establish that perspective in which each of us can choose women’s affairs are important. the most appropriate field of work for our I’m a bit sad that the government has particular case, knowing always that it is a made a bad start with their steering com niche in a movement very much larger than mittee for the economic summit confer ourselves. □ ence - it looks very like tokenism to me - ELSIE LOCKE one Maori and one woman amongst eight Naturally I am happy to see twelve women men - and I think they’re going to have to in Parliament, eight of whom have signed do better than that. But things were being the Nuclear Weapon Free register com done in a great hurry and I suppose the old piled by the Campaign for Nuclear Disar ways are hard to eradicate. However, I’m mament. Two Labour women who failed sure that Ann Hercus and the other to sign apparently felt the issue was co women will be in there doing their bit. One vered by their party’s policy. Mana of the great things, of course, is the number Motuhake, Social Credit and New Zealand of women MPs in the House - I find that Party candidates also signed readily, so very exciting. that public support must be counted more I think with the removal of the repres extensive than the Labour vote for nuc sive laws that were brought in, we will see a lear-weapon free zones and an end to the whole freeing up of attitudes and go a long warship visits. I put this first because I be way towards that consensus the new Prime lieve human survival is the main issue, and Minister is looking for. that New Zealand can and must take prac My fears are the same as they’ve always tical steps to reverse the rush to destruc been because I realise that for things to tion. Women have played a big part in this change dramatically for women, you have radical shift in our foreign policy - and I to change attitudes, and that begins at suspect we have work to do, to shore up the home. I don't see the resolving of the dual government against any tendency to role, which is one of the greatest impedi weaken under pressure from the United ments to the advancement of women. States and Australian politicians. Along MARY O’REGAN We’ve got thousands of part-time workers with this we must see that the government This election, so we were told, was about in the Shop Employees Union and they still makes common cause with the island na deciding between the lot we had, “warts go home and do the housework and all the tions of the Pacific, including those under and all”, or the other lot. I knew I didn’t other chores, and that hasn't solved any French or United States domination. The want the lot we had, especially not the thing. signing of the nuclear weapon free register warts (I wonder who he thought they Although there’s every evidence that is a personal committment and I trust it were!) so the other lot it had to be. To that men are still drunk with power and don’t means we can go to those women sig extent I was pleased with the result. I know want to give it up, there is equal evidence natories for support. it's naive to get too optimistic about pre that quite a significant number of men are We should never expect too much from election promises but there is some good not happy with their lifestyles and this Parliament, which does not originate great stuff in Labour's policy and at this stage climb up the ladder and this cardiac and changes apart from matters of finance, war anyway I’m looking forward to moves to ulcer area. Those are the ones which I and peace. We now have a Cabinet wards a nuclear free New Zealand (and think might be the spearhead to bring portfolio for women’s affairs. Would this Pacific?), to the repeal of repressive anti about change. If they don’t, I don’t think need ever have been noticed if the ac union legislation, to the end of racist we’re going to move forward very much at tivities of the women’s movement had not rugby tours, to more resources for early all. We’ve gone a long way but there's that revealed it? Parliament will not legislate childhood care and education and com barrier, because the other half of the for anything where the electorate is hostile munity education generally, and, with Broadsheet, September 1984. 13 A SPECIAL COMMENT battle, I felt we were just at the beginning them powerless. But could we be sure that of a long hard struggle. We had celebrated the focus was really on the low-paid night BY ROSSLYN NOONAN too quickly in 1972. On July 14, election cleaners who had been hit again and again night 1984, my mood was perhaps a warn by Muldoon; on the teenagers without jobs ing against the possibility of disappoint or prospects; on the women almost de ment. feated by the battle to provide somewhere But while my expectations may be set decent to live, enough to eat, let alone holi unnecessarily low, the hopes of others are days for their kids. What could we point to high. And on election night that increased during the campaign which would reassure my sense of foreboding. The fourteen- us that those coming to power were aware year-old was jubilant about Labour’s vic of the racial tensions in our streets and tory. Why did it matter so much? “Because schools; that they knew and understood I’ll leave school under this government and the demands for Maori Sovereignty; that it means I’ll get a job. It also means we’ve they had rejected forever the attacks on got a chance of surviving.” Jobs and no Pacific Island migrants of the 72 - 75 gov nuclear war - my heart sank. Could any ernment. New Zealand government deliver? Members of the incoming government Yet I can’t deny the value of the hope have said several times that they have that the mere propsect of a new govern learnt the lessons of the last Labour gov ment was creating. Hopelessness and de ernment. We may disagree on what those spair had already generated a pernicious lessons are, but there are certainly some to self-destructiveness amongst many of the be learnt by feminists. young. Muldoon and his yes-men have a The campaign nothwithstanding, this lot to answer for: they have denied a whole Labour government comes to power with a It was a funny election night. generation of kids dreams, hopes, realisa far stronger committment to equality for As the results started to come through I ble expectations; they have denied them women than any previously. Women play a felt an enormous sense of relief. But there even a basic sense of security. more powerful role within the caucus and was no euphoria, no excitement. Try as I There wasn’t any euphoria on election the party organisation than ever before. might to ignore it, to pretend it wasn’t night but there were some moments of real But little will be achieved if we sit back and there. ’ couldn’t get rid of an underlying delight: the great performance of the wait for things to happen, saving our tension. women candidates; the parochial pleasure energy to carp and criticise when they At Labour headquarters in Wellington, at seeing all of Wellington right up to the don’t. We must organise, agitate and work everyone who had worked for the party Manawatu go Labour and knowing that in as never before. We must seize every op was welcome. By 9.30 victory was certain. the city electorates women voters had portunity and push as hard as we can. We I opted not to join the celebrations - I made clear their reasons for doing so; the must work with those within the Labour didn't want to be a damp squib and yet I failure of SPUC to make the slightest im government who support our goals to couldn’t pretend wild enthusiasm. Over pact; the knowledge that the presence in create a climate where our priorities be the next week I discovered a number of Parliament of an increased number of come the nation’s priorities, where change friends who’d felt the same. women would have a real impact, particu is possible. We must never underestimate The relief was real enough - the truly larly within the new government caucus. the difficulties ahead, but nor must we evil oppressiveness of the Muldoon era was So why wasn’t I overjoyed? I think the forget that we now have a chance that may over: Merv Wellington wouldn't be able to campaign had something to do with that not come again for a long time. do any more damage to our education ser nagging worry which stopped me from On election night, if I’d thought more vices; Jim Bolger wouldn't be in any posi whooping it up on election night. The about Labour policy and less about the tion to further weaken unions; it wouldn't Labour campaign had emphasised consen campaign, I think I could have celebrated matter anymore if Tony Friedlander per sus, consultation, involvement, openness. with an easier conscience. We owe it to our sisted in the lie that there is no housing Much of it seemed to be speaking to those daughters to make sure that the term of crisis; and we wouldn't have to put up with who had already benefited from the hard this Labour government stands out as a the insult of a spokesman on women. times. It seemed designed to reassure the time when women made progress in New Since the 1981 elections I have desper finance houses, the big companies, the Zealand. Labour women over the past ately wanted Labour to win. Now instead newspaper owners. Perhaps a necessary years have laid a solid foundation; let’s of being joyful at the end of a successful task - a coopting of the enemy to render help them build on it. □ some reservations, to the establishment of women stand on feminist issues and of more prominent in pre-election rhetoric a Ministry of Women’s Affairs and affir course if they’re not pro-women, we’re bet than in post-election practice. We have a mative action programmes for women in ter off without them there at all. I think it’s lot of power on voting day and they know it education and employment. safe to say that we have a govenment which but it’s a bit of a one-day wonder until the On the face of it. New Zealand women is, at least, not anti-women and at best will next time. Besides the Labour party has a stand to fare better from this government. make it possible for us to move an inch or fairly powerful women’s lobby whose in We have more women in the House, ten of two further towards equity. Realistically I fluence is evident in policy but we're a long whom are in the governement and two in don’t think we can hope for more than way from the day when women’s issues are cabinet. I don’t know yet where all these that. Issues affecting women are always THE issues. W Broadsheet, September 1984. I’m pinning my.hopes son the affirma one-man band Muldoon. tive action promises. It's the only way of Women can never expect anything from making a start towards turning the myth of a patriarchal government, and the pres equal opportunity into some sort of reality. ence of two women in cabinet doesn’t make Affirmative action has enormous potent it less patriarchal in structure. Women ial: it recognises the subjective nature of need to act decisively over the next three current selection procedures in education, years, to work through the Ministry of training and employment and it means Women’s Affairs and the Labour party to being female can be an essential criterion ensure change occurs. Government by it for a job or a training programme just as self can do nothing, but this government being male is more often than not an un has opened new channels - two women in spoken essential now. It means setting cabinet and a woman party president, thus targets - and reaching them. It means fly ensuring women can’t be ignored by the ing in the face of prevailing attitudes and it Labour Party any more. recognises that granting rights through I hope that the new Ministry for legislation is not enough. It means not Women's Affairs works to provide legisla waiting any longer for a change in the tion and policies for affirmative action for hearts and minds of men. It means having women. Also that this government gives more than one woman on the Summit of status and power to Maori people covering Accord! keeps the arithmetic in mind - the Jones a wide range of issues. Sexism and racism And that’s where my fears started creep vote coupled with the National vote equals are inextricably intertwined in our society. ing in. Do they actually know what it 48% of the vote - which is more than To restore Maori sovereignty to Aotearoa, means? Will they actually do it? On the Labour got. adequate use of broadcasting, media time, sort of scale necessary to achieve some de Just the same, the figures show that inclusion of Maori people and women in monstrable progress? After all, affirmative Labour won on merit, and has a clear man locally made drama and advertisements. action is not a new concept in New Zea date to act for New Zealand. I wouldn't I hope to see really positive action for land. There has been a theoretical policy of like to be part of the government with women and Maori teachers in education. affirmative action in education and train economic crises of this magnitude facing Proper recognition given to special skills ing programmes for Maoris for years and it them, I must admit. But given all that, and contributions they can make, rather hasn’t noticeably altered their status in the thank heavens we’ll get some progress in, than attempts to select by criteria suitable social or economic life of the country to for instance, education, and a rational gov to white males. date. I doubt that it’s touched the life of a ernment that is looking to the long term These are some of the things a govern single Maori woman. needs of the country, rather than three ment should be doing by legislaiton and I have fears too about the Ministry of year election vote-getting exercises. example. The most vital task for women, Women’s Affairs. I welcome it and con I'm thrilled about Anne Hercus and sider it long overdue but its potential for ef Margaret Shields in cabinet - that’s the fectiveness is dependent on funding and most women ever! staff. It needs a decent budget and it should My hopes are in the not too long term, to be staffed by women who are appointed see progress made in the area of child care not just because they’ve served time in the facilities, arising from a rational attitude to public service but because they understand giving women control over their lives, the issues which affect women’s lives. It which fundamentally means child care, needs status and teeth. Unless it has these and an attitude change to that at commun essential ingredients it will be counter ity level. productive. (Let’s not forget it was ACWA My great hope is that this government which recommended to government that it will give positive and high-minded leader shouldn’t ratify the UN Convention and ship to the community especially in regard their arguments have been used ever since to women. in the anti-Convention propaganda from My fears are that Labour will be limited North Cape to the Bluff.) in what it can do as government because of Time will tell what this Government the economic crises it has inherited, and so really offers NZ women. At this stage I’m get bogged down in the day-to-day survival prepared to wait (not long) and see.D problems for the whole country.□ CATH TIZARD CHARMAINE POUTNEY from the most radical left to the comforta ble right, Maori or pakeha, is to recognise Obviously, I’m very pleased that the Mul- 1 am pleased we have a Labour govern the fundamental nature of power, its place doon administration is out, and that ment. because the type of leadership style in the human psyche and society. Labour is in with a decent sort of majority. by government has a more profound ef All over the planet a shift is happening But I look with caution at the size of the fect on people than we imagine. We need with people’s consciousness. Old forms of vote that Jones' greedies (as Muldoon calls the courteous, consensus style of leader power over others, backed by force if them, and just for once I agree with him!) ship and representation of the Labour necessary, no longer provides a sense of siphoned off, and hope that Mr Lange party and Lange, unlike the pugnacious, worth and achievement for the oppressors. Broadsheet, September 1984. IS NEW WOMEN MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT by SANDRA CONEY ANNE FRASER JUDY KEALL Women have generally been elated at the What of the new crop of women MPs? make Whakatane nuclear-free - they prospect of a government with an unpre Unlike their predecessors none has been wouldn’t, but then Whakatane’s not Mt cedented 12 women MPs, two women close to the women’s movement, so there’s Eden and it wasn’t easy there. cabinet ministers and a woman Junior no history of involvement to go on. Mind Local women's groups have found her Whip. Such things are unheard of. But let you, finding the women’s movement to be accessible, helpful, and ready to talk to not euphoria disguise that the power nexus* involved with hasn’t been easy for some people. She’s said to be aware of Maori is of the parliamentary Labour Party is not years. The party and peace have been sues. With an electorate that’s 42% Maori good on women. more accessible, thus they both figure she’ll need to be. The top boys include the Methodist largely as a route to parliament for these Fraser is described as forthright and not Lange, the Anglican Prebble and the women. one to stand back. She’s fine on abortion.. Catholic Moore, all named as preferred She’s on the Labour Women’s Council. All candidates by SPUC before the election. □ this should lead to the prediction that Finance Minister, Douglas, was the ar Fraser is entirely reliable. However, there chitect of Labour's infamous “baby bonus" Anne Fraser (East Cape) showed she can is some uncertainty. Fraser has had a lot of election bribe. Against the advice of take on a difficult job and do it by winning support from women in the party, it’s not women in the party that scheme offered a East Cape. She has small children, four known if she'll return the favour. pitiful pittance to women who would stay and seven years, and is used to combining Judy Keall(Glenfield) was persuaded to out of the workforce. He also wrote parenting with working on and off as a stand for selection in Glenfield because no “Limousine Liberals”, a paper attacking school teacher. Her husband’s also a other woman-was. Apparently she didn’t feminists in the party. Palmer is a smoother school teacher; he plans to stay home next expect to get selected. She was surprised character, but there's little about him to be year while Fraser’s in Wellington. She again when she took the new Glenfield seat reassuring. noted after her first week in parliament by a sizable majority. Another teacher, This little lot will probably not do any that there were no highchairs to be seen in she's been largely out of paid employment thing for women they’re not shoved and Bellamy's, something she aims to change. for ten years while bringing up three chil prodded into. Of course, the composition (What does baby Lucy sit on?) She sounds dren. In that time she’s been active in the of caucus and cabinet now create the con like she’ll support the right of mothers to community service areas women tradition ditions for a strong lobby for women in par move out of the domestic ghetto. And she ally work in - PPTA, Red Cross, Play liament. Add Margaret Wilson as party should understand the stresses on young Centre, peace. When selected for Glen president and the boys could have a tough families. field she said her major qualifications were time ahead as long as principles are put Fraser's been active on nuclear issues in she’s a woman and a mother. While ahead of personal goals and party Whakatane, her base for the past eight not wanting to knock that, she didn't say it platitudes. years. She tried to get the local council to because she’s a feminist. Keall knew little or a sense of security for the oppressed. My I would also like to see research into and ciently organised to provide a working hope is that this shift in consciousness will treatment programmes established to cure base for continuing change within and be more openly discussed so by the next violent offenders, rapists and child moles through the Labour party. From this there election a lot of people will have a clearer ters. The acknowledgement of the prob will be a very powerful backlash from the view of the kind of leadership they want, lem as one of a criminal and dangerous na “rigid right”. Unfortunately these people and will be looking for elected representa ture rather than being secretly admired often have positions of power, because the tives who will work with and for them and upholding the macho image. very rigidity of the control they exercise rather than over and above them. I fear that we won’t get ourselves suffi- over themselves makes them very experi- M Broadsheet, September 1984. ANNETTE KING MARGARET AUSTIN KATHERINE O’REGAN of women’s issues and hadn’t had contact national vice-president of the State Dental toral Council. On radio she said she didn’t with feminists but she isn’t unsympathetic Nurses Institute. Her dental nurse want “to be lumbered with women’s is and I’m told her awareness has grown over background is not your usual stepping sues”. Whether that was just an unfortu the campaign. It’s hoped she’ll keep on stone to parliament (law and teaching nate choice of words, perhaps reflecting growing. On radio after the election she seem to be it currently) so she brings ex her background as a biologist, or a state side-stepped a question about pushing perience of a female intensive service in ment of intent to women, we don’t know women’s issues. Her primary focus is edu dustry that has been under threat of redun yet. But it’s not promising. cation and she campaigned hard on Glen- dancy and male takeovers and has gained Katherine O’Regan (Waipa), against field's efforts to get extra teachers and in in militancy. the decisive nationwide swing to Labour, crease night classes. On radio she said she wanted a “more gained over 2000 more National votes than Annette King (Horowhenua), of all the equal, socialist society”; immediately she her predecessor Marilyn Waring. A vote new women MPs, has the most reassuring wants to see relief for low income workers for homophobia? political background. She comes from a and beneficiaries. O’Regan was for five years Marilyn family of coal miners and learned trade She’s a close friend of Fran Wilde’s, sees Waring’s electorate secretary, and Waring union politics at the tea table. Fran as her political mentor and is seen as worked skillfully to manoevre O’Regan She is a solo mother with a 14-year-old being in the same mould as Fran - hard into the candidacy. Waring’s support daughter and won a degree in history and working and solid. should say something about O’Regan’s politics the hard way - at night and part- What little I’ve discovered of Margaret position on women’s issues. time and that’s a good grounding in how Austin (Yaldhurst) is less reassuring. She’s O’Regan farms with her husband. She is women drag themselves up. She’s follow seen as conservative. She’s 5l, is a profes a Waipa County Councillor. Post-election, ing a pattern many of our best women have sional woman in a family of professionals she was anxious to establish her own identity, set by branching out in her mid-thirties. and hasn’t, it seems, come up against the separate from Waring - “This is a new era Such women usually run rings round men hard knocks of most women’s lives. She’s now, the O’Regan era”. At times, though, she who’ve always had it easy. She’s been in senior mistress at Riccarton High School, came close to disassociating herself from volved in consumer affairs in Wellington, is well-regarded in her profession as ex Waring, the person and the politics. She is articulate, and broadcast a running com tremely capable and efficient. She impres didn't expect to be as “rebellious” as War mentary on price rises during the price ses as self confident. Her background is ing. “All issues are women’s issues, as they freeze on Radio Windy. science and her main interest is in ecology, are men's. They are our issues.” Reassur Her involvements run from traditional especially industrial pollution. There are ing words no doubt for the farmers of women’s areas like guides and PTA to suspicions about her position on abortion, Waipa and the routed party, not the words Corso, Women Against the Cuts, PSA and raised because she’s an elected member of of someone who'll go out to bat for her dental nurse’s struggles. She’s currently the First Roman Catholic Diocesan Pas- sex.D enced to dominate others. The trapped The questions should be asked lovingly Piercy’s Woman on the Edge of Time, di trap others. and with real concern, otherwise we fall gesting them and their message of the The only way to deal with such people is into the trap of fear and hatred, by becom spiritual insight into the possibilities of the not by attack or frightening them more, ing the enemies and trappings ourselves. future and tha|dangers of the present. If it but by quietly ignoring them or, if we must What would really please me the most is were possible then many solutions to prob take issue with them, taking issue with if every woman in New Zealand would lems facing women would be resolved this their fears, rather than the issues of moral read The Bone People, Doris Lessing’s side of six months.□ ity or behaviour they attempt to create. Canopus in Argos: Archives or Marge Heather McLeish Broadsheet, September 1984. IT Women now face epidemics of infertility, cervical cancer and breast cancer, related one way or another to contraception. New Zealand women injured by the Daikon Shield can now receive compensation in American courts. Phillida Bunkle tells the herstory of this dangerous contraceptive. DALKON SHIELD DISASTER Here is a typical case history of one woman’s involvement with the suspended world sales in April 1975. Or that many thousands of Daikon Shield Intra Uterine Device (IUD). American women were bringing suits and winning very substantial C. had a Daikon Shield IUD inserted by her local GP. Five damages for injuries similar to hers. C. had not heard that a US years later she returned to her GP because she had been told that it Federal Court had recently accepted jurisdiction for cases brought was a good idea to change an IUD every five or six years. The GP by women injured by Daikon Shields wherever they were living, told her not to worry about it, there was no need to change it so hence opening the way for her to receive compensation for her in long as it felt okay. The shield was therefore left in place. juries. In 1983 C. went to her GP with general malaise and swollen In a judgement in favour of the women in one such case the glands. The glands were examined and she was told she probably judge made a plea to three top executives of Robins: had a low grade infection somewhere in her body. The possibility “It is not enough to say, ‘I did not know’, ‘It was not me', ‘Look of a connection with the IUD was not considered. For four months elsewhere’. Time and again, each of you has used this kind of C. had symptoms of sub-acute pelvic infection. She felt really low, argument in refusing to acknowledge your responsibility and in and it was a difficult time for her. pretending to the world that the chief officers and directors of In June she suddenly felt very ill indeed. Sick, dizzy, weak, and your gigantic multi-national corporation have no responsibility with extreme abdominal pain. C. had the typical signs of acute Pel for its acts and omissions. vic Inflammatory Disease (PID). Her doctor was called and was quite concerned but could not Today as you sit here attempting once more to extricate find the cause. She spent a terrible night and was taken back to the yourselves from the legal consequences of your acts, none of GP by a friend who was concerned about the pain. C. was admit you has faced up to the fact that more than 9,000 women claim ted to Wellington Women's Hospital. A diagnosis of PID as they gave up part of their womanhood so that your company sociated with IUD was then made and her Daikon Shield removed might prosper. It has been alleged that others gave their lives and antibiotic treatment started. so you might prosper.... C. was extremely sick. She remained in the hospital for a little I dread to think what would have been the consequences if over two weeks, but responded to the antibiotics in time to avoid a your victims had been men rather than women - women, who hysterectomy. For a while she was too ill for a laparoscope exami seem, through some quirk of our society’s mores, to be ex nation of her uterus and tubes to be performed. When it was done pected to suffer pain, shame, and humiliation. the surgeon said that her tubes were badly scarred by extensive If one poor young man were, without authority or consent, chalmydia infection and she was probably sterile. to inflict such damage upon one woman, he would be jailed for 1984, C. has come through this illness really well although she a good portion of the rest of his life. Yet your company, with was weak for a long time. She was told that if she gets run down she out warning to women, invaded their bodies by the millions may have a recurrence. and caused them injuries by the thousands. And when the time In fact there is a very high incidence of recurrence of PID. This came for these women to make their claims against your com is either because damaged tissue is especially susceptible to sub pany, you attacked their characters. You inquired into their sequent infection or because there are pockets of infection that an sexual practices and into the identity of their sex partners. You tibiotics have not been able to reach within the damaged, scarred ruined families and reputations and careers to intimidate those tissue which may erupt later. C. has about a 20% chance of being who would raise their voices against you. You introduced is infertile after one severe episode of PID but this will rise to 45% if sues that had no relationship to the fact that you had planted in she has more than one and over 60% over three or more reoccur the bodies of these women instruments of death, of mutilation, ences. The younger the woman the more likely she is to get PID of disease. and the more likely it is to make her sterile. Yet C. was not told Gentlemen, you state that your company has suffered that the infection was sexually transmitted, and therefore her part enough, that the infliction of further punishment in the form of ner needed testing and treatment. She was not told that the de punitive damages would cause harm to your business, would velopment of acute PID from infection of the lower genital tract punish innocent shareholders, and could conceivably depress was related to her use of an IUD. Nor was she informed that the your profits to the point where you could not survive as a com record of the Daikon Shield was so bad that its manufacturer, A. petitor in this industry.... But no court will heed the plea when H. Robins, had withdrawn it from the US market in June 1974 and the individual denies the wrongful nature of his deeds and gives 18 Broadsheet, September 1984. “Your company, in the face of overwhelming evidence, denies its guilt and continues its monstrous mischief. 99 none of you has faced up to the face that more than 9,000 women claim they gave up part of their womanhood so that your company might prosper. 99 “The market was open slather for anyone with a bright idea for something to stick up the uterus and the desire to make a quick buck. The experimental population was us, ’’ no indication that he will mend his ways. Your company, in the most solely at the whim and discretion of the A. H. Robins face of overwhelming evidence, denies its guilt and continues Company. In order to guarantee that no plaintiff or group of its monstrous mischief. plaintiffs mounts a sustained assault upon your system of eva .... the profits of your company continue to mount. Your sion and avoidance, you have time after time demanded that, last financial report boasts of new records for sales and earn as the price of settling a case, able lawyers agree not to bring a ings, with a profit of more than $58 million in 1983.... The com Daikon Shield case again and not to help less experienced pany has not suffered, nor have you men personally. You are lawyers with cases against your company. collectively being enriched by millions of dollars each year. Another of your callous legal tactics is to force women of lit There is no evidence that your company has suffered any pen tle means to withstand the onslaughts of your well-financed alty from these litigations. In fact, the evidence is to the con team of attorneys. You target your worst tactics at the meek trary. and the poor. .... Under your direction, your company has continued to If this court had the authority, I would order your company allow women, tens of thousands of them, to wear this device - a to make an effort to locate each and every woman who still deadly depth charge in their wombs, ready to explode at any wears this device and recall your product. But this court does time.... We simply do not know how many women are still not. I must therefore resort to moral persuasion and a personal wearing these devices because your company is not willing to appeal.... find out. The only conceivable reasons that you have not recal Please, in the name of humanity, lift your eyes above the led this product are that it would hurt your balance sheet and bottom line.” alert women who have already been harmed that you may be li Such a judgement could never happen in a New Zealand court. able for their injuries. You have taken the bottom line as your In this country the medical industry enjoys such extra-ordinary guiding beacon and the low road as your route. That is corpo legal immunity that such a case could not even be brought. C. can rate irresponsibility at its meanest__ Face up to your mis however, now seek compensation for being made sterile through deeds. the American courts. Acknowledge the personal responsibility you have for the The history of the Daikon Shield tragedy used in this article is activities of those who work under you. Rectify this evil situa documented in the case of Twana N. Willis v. A. H. Robins Inc. tion. Warn the potential victims and recompense those two brought by the court in the District of Columbia. have already been harmed. To understand the background it is necessary to go back to .... The policy of delay and obfuscation practiced by your 1962 when the Population Control Lobby convened a conference lawyers in courts throughout this country has made it possible to promote the development of IUD’s, various crude prototypes for you and your insurance company to put off the payment of of which had been around for years. The pill came on to the mar these claims for such a long period that the interest you earned ket that year after trials on a total of 132 women. Women imagine in the interim covers the cost of these cases. You, in essence, that contraceptives used on them en masse are subject to some pay nothing out of your own pockets to settle these cases. What sort of control or testing or safety trials. They do not know that be corporate officials could learn a lesson from this? The only les cause IUDs are “devices" not medicines neither the US or NZ son they might learn is that it pays to delay compensating vic government had any control over them at all. The Health Depart tims and to intimidate, harass, and shame the injured parties. ment accepts no responsibility for the safety of IUD’s imported Your company seeks to segment and fragment the litigation into this country. The market was open slather for anyone with a of these cases nationwide. The courts of this country are bur bright idea for something to stick up the uterus and the desire to dened with more than 3,000 Daikon Shield cases. The sheer make a quick buck. The experimental population was us. number of claims and the dilatory tactics used by your com One of the doctors who got tinkering in the 60s was Hugh pany’s attorneys clog court calendars and consume vast Davis, Professor of Ob/Gob at one of the leading American uni amounts of judicial and jury time. Your company settles those versities and director of family planning at the university hospital. cases out of court in which it finds itself in an uncomfortable Davis was well placed to experiment. In early 1968 he entered into position, a handy device for avoiding any proceeding that a financial agreement with an inventor. He began testing their would give continuity or cohesiveness to this nationwide prob prototype shield in September 1968 at the university clinic. Two lem. The decision as to which cases are brought to trial rests al other partners joined in their enterprise. Broadsheet, September 1 9 8 4 . 19 We do not know how many women are still wearing these devices because your company is not willing to find out. ” because IUDs are ‘devices’, not medicines, neither the US or JSZ government had any con trol over them at all. ” “...a deadly depth charge in their wombs, ready to explode at any time. ” A year later in September 1969, Davis submitted for publica that drug company ads largely finance these important journals is tion a paper purporting to give the results of this trial, called “The deemed “irrelevant”. Shield Intrauterine Device? A Superior Modern Contraceptive The owners of the Daikon Shield now found themselves with a The paper, claiming near perfect results for the Daikon Shield highly endorsed, sellable produgt and a large potential market but with a pregnancy rate of 1.1 %, was published in the February 1970 without the organization needed to push it. They therefore sold it issue of the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. to pharmaceutical giant A. H. Robins in June 1970. The paper did not reveal either that Davis allowed no period at Robins realised they had to move fast if they were to capture a the end of the trial to allow pregnancies and infections to become sizeable share of the rapidly expanding IUD market. Prior to apparent. The paper did not disclose that Davis was advising an purchase top executives of Robins checked Davis evidence. They unknown percentage of women to use spermicides in addition, became aware that the corrected number of pregnancies after fol nor, more importantly, that he owned a 35% financial interest in low up was higher than 1% and that the period was too short to the product. allow confident predictions to the women as a whole. One month before publication of his article Davis gave evi Knowing the Davis article to be false nevertheless Robins dence to a Senate Hearing to determine what warnings or restric made it the basis of a massive national advertising campaign. One tion’s government should require on consumer labels on the pill - of Robins consultants did warn “that the device was not superior, Davis was very positive about the IUD, claiming that a new device that the pregnancy rate would be in the order of 5%, and that the offered as good protection as the pill against pregnancy without study by Davis was biased. Robins ignored his warnings. the serious risks. Davis was asked directly by a senator suspicious As the Willis case puts it: of his enthusiasm whether he had any commercial interest in any “with the full knowledge that the original statistics published IUDs. Davis falsely testified he had no such commercial interests. by Hugh Davis were false and incorrect, the national market As far as I know Davis has never been tried for perjury nor was ing strategy and campaign nonetheless employed the Davis his university position jeopardised. Davis is estimated to have study as its primary basis .... All advertising, labelling, and made over $700,000 from the Daikon Shield. As far as I am aware promotional materials stressed the Davis paper, claiming med to this day he enjoys this fortune unimpeded. The claims in Davis' ical safety, superiority to all the other IUD’s, lowest pregnancy study formed the basis of the deluge of advertising around the rate, new and improved insertion technique, and overall world. When the study was extended to 14 months, time for some superiority to the pill .... pregnancies to be revealed the pregnancy rate at least doubled. Robins went to market with the modified, untested devices, The publicity claims were never changed although they were relying on the preliminary Davis study and touted the device as known to be false. Furthermore doctors had been reluctant to pre medically safe and thoroughly tested.” scribe IUDs for women who had not already had children. The Davis paper however claimed that the results were satisfactory for The company did however begin a couple of tests. One was a such women, on the basis of the experiences of the 51 such women safety study on baboons. Just as with Upjohn animal studies on included in the study. Davis and his associates realised that there Depo the results were disastrous. One in eight animals perished was a huge market potential among such women. They therefore and one third got uterine perforations. Robins were marginally designed a smaller modified version of the shield which they more successful than Upjohn in not letting the public or the medi claimed was especially suitable for such women. This was not de cal profession know. signed at the time of the study and was therefore never tested. The marketing campaign went into high gear in January 1971. After aggressive market promotion the use of IUDs in women An extraordinary amount of promotional literature was distri who have not yet had children became much more common. buted to doctors by Robins 500 or more pushers. One of the It is normal in the medical industry not to reveal the financial pushers said a CBS 60 minute program “We were told to get in our interests in research. The theory is that the objectivity of the work territories and concentrate on the shield - make what other calls will be safeguarded by the process of “peer review”, that is the we had to as absolutely necessary, but get that shield going, and process of critical selection for publication and subsequent evalua ■ get it going right now.... There became an extreme amount of tion. No one has yet questioned why this process failed to expose pressure then.” One division sent its pushers telegrams which read the falsity of Davis’ findings, nor how much patronage either the “Northern Division will not be humiliated by a lack of Daikon journal or the “peers” enjoyed from IUD manufacturers. The fact sales. If you have not sold at least 25 packages of eight, then you 2 0 Broadsheet, September 1984. “ • • what many doctors apparently learn is that pelvic pain is likely to be psychophysologic. ” women are, after all, well known to be frightened by mice and facts. ” “It seems that New Zealand doctors have learnt very little from the sad story of the Daikon Shield. ” if women could sue their doctor it would be bad for medicine in New Zealand. ” are instructed to call me. Be prepared to give me your call-back fi as safe and effective as the industry claimed quickly spread. Ro gures. No excuses or hedging wil be tolerated, or look for another bins reacted by mounting a publicity counterattack. occupation.” They changed the publicity brochure to allay fears about septic At the same time as the saturation strategy on the doctors, Ro miscarriages, and blitzed the medical journals with an eight page bins began a campaign to persuade women. They planted favour “progress report” which was actually an an bought by them. able pieces on their IUD in newspapers, magazines and TV prog The report once again used the original Davis paper’s claims rammes. Women’s magazines are suckers for such “informative” plus some additional studies. Everyone of these studies was either material. They rely heavily on advertising for income. They must spurious or misrepresented. They included: attact advertisers. From the advertisers’ point of view any feature space that does not reinforce their product is waste space, and • Work by a man named Ostergard. Technical executives had ciritical feature comment is intolerable. As the dependence of criticized Ostergard as unreliable, but this criticism was ig magazines on advertising revenue has grown the independence of nored by senior officials who chose to use it in advertising any feature material has declined. Features and editorials are some way. Ostergard travelled extensively defending and promoting times directly “sponsored” although rarely acknowledged, but the product. He told a Congressional Committee that he was even if they are not they have to be “compatible” with the adver not a consultant and only received expenses. In fact he was get tised products. As a major multinational Robins had many lines to ting $500 a day plus expenses. advertise and much potential patronage for the media. • The work of Dr. Mary Gabrielson. The ad quoted her prelimi Despite this media blitz adverse evidence against the shield nary finding of a pregnancy rate of 1.9% but ignored her final began to emerge. Robins chose to ignore the following evidence: results that were available before publication of the ad showing the 5% over 18 months that was to become more or less stan • Reports from doctors that the shield was not as effective as ad dard. vertized and caused severe PID, septic abortion (miscarriage) and uterine perforations. I don’t think that the issue of a 1% or a 5% pregnancy rate is • Evidence from a woman doctor on the staff that the “tail” crucial. What it does illustrate is how the company distorted and could wick water and might therefore transmit bacteria up misrepresented evidence. from the vagina into the uterus. > The space bought in the medical journals for the “progress re • A specific complaint of danger from an independent senior Ob/ port” wasn’t enough to support sales. Robins tried to counteract Gob. the mounting evidence in a number of ways, including searching • Warnings from one of the original Daikon owners, Dr. Earle, for positive evidence to buy from doctors; hiring a panel of doctors who had been retrained as a consultant, that he had had six to act as an “advisory board” of experts; and convening a septic women become pregnant of whom five had septic miscar abortion conference timed to counter adverse publicity that would riages. follow the publication of an independent paper linking the shield to deaths from septic abortion. Although Robins chose to ignore it, the septic abortion issue Finally during 1973 evidence against the shield became public. became the central safety issue. It is speculated that when a Robins sent a “dear doctor” letter to every doctor in the US warn woman conceived with the IUD in place, her womb increased in ing of the threat of septic abortions. Planned Parenthood Federa size, particularly between three and six months, drawing the tail tion wrote to all their clinics suggesting stopping prescribing it and and associated bacteria into it. The uterus would then become in recall from all women with one. They also mentioned that 26% of fected, she would miscarry, with the threat of death from sep women to whom they had prescribed it had had severe problems ticemia or hysterectomy or sterility from the infection. Given that with pain and bleeding. approximately 5% of women were becoming pregnant it was a The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) began hearings on sizeable risk. Seventeen women in America are thought to have safety. A member of the committee running the hearings said, ac died in this way but many more were made sterile. The five to six cording to an article in Mother Jones “throughout the entire pro fold increase in the risk of PID was less evident at the time but it ceedings the halls and offices of the FDA were crawling with Ro has emerged more clearly through the court cases. bins men. It was disgusting.” Before the FDA made its recom As women began to share experiences of traumatic reactions mendations, Robins suspended US sales in June 1974. Overseas market resistance grew. “Old Wives Tales” that the IUD was not sales were not however suspended until April 1975. About 2.3 Broadsheet, September 1984. SI lington, Auckland. The advertis 4 DALKON SHIELD DISASTER from page 21. ing campaign was conducted by Campaign Advertising, PO Box million had been distributed in the USA, about 2 million overseas, 801, Auckland. some destined for New Zealand women. hit list De W inkels Yoghurt No one knows how extensively the shield was used in New Zea Broadsheet has received a record land. The Health Department exerts no control over IUDs, and This is a column in which we target number of De Winkels Yoghurt the firm that imported and distributed them no longer exists. products, promotion or advertis ads, for its Hogwash column. The The New Zealand Medical Journal has a couple of entries ing and invite you to join in. The ad, which has appeared in news more negative responses man papers nationwide, shows a about the shield by Mr. Ron Jones, a consultant at National Wo ufacturers receive to their insults woman’s face with pursed mouth mens. The first is a letter written by Mr. Jones in the 28 August, and blunders, the more likely they and flirtatious eyes under the 1974 issue. Apparently in response to the Robins “dear doctor” are to change and be more sensi heading “A touch more tart”. Mr tive in the future. We'd also like to letter on septic abortion Jone’s examined the National Women’s M. Niemeyer of De Winkels Fine records on septic abortion. Jones’ figures suggest an association hear from readers who’ve written Foods has received five letters to firms complaining, whether about this ad, but doesn’t really between IUD use and mid trimester septic abortion but did not they initiate a complaint, or follow agree with the complaints. He suggest that the shield was worse than any other IUD. He up ours, so we are alert to new hadn’t replied to my letter of six suggested that the idea reflected the fact that the “shield is the targets for Hit List and aware of weeks previously because he most widely used IUD in the United States”. Mr Jones clearly re- how effective we are. wanted to wait for other reaction commeded removal if pregnancy should occur. He did not how Sm iths C risp s and he thought I had “generalised General Foods a bit too much”. He agreed that ever suggest any caution about continuing to insert shields. Sheryn McFadyen of Richmond “tart” was a derogatory term Neither does he mention that the device had been withdrawn from drew our attention to the Smiths when applied to women, but said the American market two months before. Crisp radio advertisement which the drawing showed a “sweet The second paper published in the issue of 13 August, 1975, has played on several radio sta looking lady, rather than a tart”. tions nationwide. The advert is Peter Love of Omega Advertis studied the records of 490 women who had had shields inserted at entitled “Ways to pick up girls - ing, the firm which constructed National Womens. Jones found a cumulative pregnancy rate of episode 2”. It takes you to London the campaign, saw the woman as 5% over 2 years, (there appears to have been little problem with where a man is trying to pick up a “stylish” not as a “tart” or “slut". infection) but 14/5% were removed for medical reasons, mainly Research, he said, had shown that “girl” to take back to his place for pain and bleeding. Mr. Jones suggested that after vacuum aspira a “knees up”. The “girl” is not in a discerning woman is by far the terested and says no to all his blan major purchaser of De Winkels tion abortion “The Daikon Shield because of its low expulsion rate dishments and bribes, until finally Yoghurt, she likes it because of should be the first choice...”. The shield had been withdrawn from her “noes” turn to “yes” when he the sharpness of taste. He expres world markets four months before this article was published. Mr. mentions he’s got Smiths Crisps sed his concern at language in gen Jones did note this in a brief addendum but this information does back at his flat. eral being dehumanised, so origi Women have seen in this nal meanings were lost. Words not appear to have affected his evaluation. scenario the typical rape myth that were losing their “thrust and Since these 490 women were the largest identifiable group of a woman’s “no” really means sting”. Adverse reaction had been users I phoned Mr. Jones at National Womens to ask him if he had “yes”. “Seduction” will work if “minute”. Omega prides itself on plans to inform the women injured during the course of the study being socially conscious, Love you are persistent. The woman that they now had a legal remedy available to them. He agreed will finally “give in”. It also plays contended. He, like Mr into the idea that women prosti Neimeyer, drew attention to the that there had been injuries, and that the records still existed. He tute themselves for goodies; you fact that women were involved in was however hostile and appeared affronted that I should ask him just have to strike the most ap the art work for the campaign and questions about the implications of his work. He said “I abhor pealing goodie to get her in the didn’t find it offensive. This was your approach” and said that he had no plans to inform the women sack. said as if to imply that women who According to Brian Garlick in do find the ad offensive are over because he felt that the Daikon Shield was no worse than other General Foods advertising de reacting and nit picking. Mr IUDs. My effort he said was “misdirected” because had I been partment (ph Auckland 274719) Neimeyer couldn’t promise that thoroughly informed I would know that evidence against Daikon there had only been two com the ad wouldn’t reappear in the was refuted because other IUDs were as bad. Furthermore he be plaints about the Smiths Crisp ad; next campaign. Peter Love said he one from a woman in Nelson, would do some research on house lieved that if women could sue their doctor it would be bad for another from the Whangarei wives, but wasn’t going to pull the medicine in New Zealand. Women’s Resource Centre. He ad out. I hope that these cases do open the way for the possibility that saw the ad as “humourous” and women injured by the other American-made contraceptives may “caricatured” and says we are have a remedy, thus getting protection from American courts that reading more into the ad than is there. Some people he said, would we do not get from our own. always take offence at jokes, for If Mr. Jones is anything to go by doctors are unlikely to cooper example, the Irish didn’t like the ate in informing women. It will be necessary to seek publicity to let English’s Irish jokes. He was si women know about this possibility. It seems that New Zealand lent on the subject of whether ad doctors have learnt very little from the sad story of the Daikon vertising should be sensitive to the reactions of people who are the Shield. Many are quite complacent. butt of racist and sexist jokes. There are four ways that IUDs can make women sterile; “Advertising reflects society . . . it through performation of the uterus, septic abortion, PID, and is not in the forefront of change.” high rates of ectopic pregnancy. Mr. Jones recently instructed the He would not comment on whether the advertising would be De Winkels Fine Foods can be Post Graduate School of Obstetrics and Gynaecology training changed or included in General found at 94a Glengarry Rd, Glen seminar in family planning on the use of IUDs. His notes say: Foods new Smiths Crisp cam Eden, Auckland. Omega Com paign. munications is at 2 Whittaker “SUBSEQUENT FERTILITY: Most studies have suggested Write to General Foods man Place, Auckland.□ Continued on page 36 ► ager at 113 Carbine Rd, Mt Wel Sandra Coney 2 2 Broadsheet, September 1984. most media treatment of the book has focused not on Greer’s views about the Third World, but on her condem nation of the West, in particular its sexual attitudes and “anti-family” tendencies. It is true that the West has, inexcusably, paid far more at tention to the so-called “population explosion” than to the major problem of poverty, for which most of the blame can be laid at the door of the rich nations. It is also true that Western culture has made^a fetish of sex, to the point where women have extreme difficulty in reconciling their two pre scribed roles of sex-object and mother. Combining the roles of parent and worker has always been problematic under industrial capitalism, which forced production to separate from the home. But to treat traditional cultures as benign for women and children is to fly in the face of the facts. In For Her Own Good, Ehrenreich and English neatly summed up the differences between “traditional” and “modern” societies. They explained how, under the “Old Order”, “woman’s work was cut out for her; the lines of au thority that she was to follow were clear. She could hardly think of herself as a ‘misfit’ in a world which depended so heavily on her skills and her work. Nor could she imagine Sex and Destiny is not a feminist book. In some passages making painful decisions about the direction of her life, for, Germaine Greer’s views are identical with those commonly within the patriarchal order, all decisions of consequence espoused by feminists; in many others, it is not so much that would be made for her by father or husband, if they were Greer contradicts feminist thought, but rather that she ar not already determined by tradition.”1 gues as if feminism had never existed. In traditional societies today, women are valued or value Reduced to its essentials, Greer’s thesis is that the West is less not according to their own unique individual qualities evil. Obsessed with narcissism and consumption, it has re but primarily by how well they perform their reproductive jected child-bearing and child-rearing, ostracising mothers function. In many societies, this means not just bearing and segregating children from adults. It has divorced sex children, but bearing sons. This is the reality behind the from fertility and turned it into a pointless recreational pas warmth and support found in “the dense human enclosure time. Worst of all, it has then attempted to force “modern”, of the family”: within which women in traditional often draconian, methods of population control on tradi societies live and die and find their raison d’etre. tional societies where mothers are honoured and children Two personal factors, I believe, lie behind the incon are seen as a blessing, not a curse. It has done this out of ra sistent, uneven, confused polemic of Sex and Destiny. cist and elitist paranoia, depriving the poor of their chil First, there is nostalgia for a way of life which automati dren, destroying time-honoured birth-spacing measures, cally provides every woman with a meaning and pur and spreading enforced sterility, at the same time as it faces pose, so much more easily found - though infinitely the consequences of bungled contraception and cultural more harsh to sustain - than our own angst-ridden, indi decay among its own selfish, over-fed, aging citizens. vidual paths to identity and self-esteem. Of course this summary is over-simplified, but so are Secondly, every woman’s views about fertility, child Greer s arguments. They display the same romantic, highly bearing and child-rearing are coloured by her own per selective view of “traditional” peasant societies as was so sonal experience, and Greer is no exception. Briefly, evident a flaw in The Female Eunuch. when she eulogised a Greer, who is now 45, has herself had two abortions, and pastoral version of life in Calabria. To treat other cultures has suffered a good deal from the effects of contracep in this simplistic way is only a more subtle, but just as arrog tive techniques. She has since tried very hard indeed to ant, form of ethnocentric imperialism as to condemn them conceive again, undergoing a lengthy last-chance opera for not being Westernised. tion (on private health) which was unsuccessful. The Unfortunately, because they are by no means consistent, meaning of “the personal is political” was perhaps never Greer’s arguments can easily be twisted to play neatly into so clear as in this case, where Greer has decided not to the hands of those whose primary aim is to keep women in let readers in on the facts of her own reproductive his subjection, and to whom all feminist thought is anathema. tory and allow them to judge what relation they bear to The media, too, loves nothing better than an apparent re her arguments, let alone to make the connections bet cantation by a feminist, especially one who made her name ween the two herself. as an outspoken, fearless advocate of freedom for women, In feminist terms this makes for a fundamental dishon particularly sexual freedom. It is interesting to note that esty in the book, since most readers will not know the wri- ter’s personal history and therefore cannot take it into ac fill the gaps in systems which are by no means utterly obso count. Women have often criticised male writers for just lete. The most immediately useful and effective measure such hidden bias; we cannot excuse it in a woman. would be to establish the kinds of abortion services which The sexist terms which are used throughout the book are can masquerade as contraception at every lane’s end.” also infuriating. Her syntax is completely pre-feminist; it is Yet a recent Time article' on the “alarming” rate of a long time since I have read so many references to “man”, population growth in the Third World notes that the meaning the human race, and her use of the male pronoun Reagan administration’s policy requires that US “fam when she means both sexes gives rise to some very odd pas ily-planning aid ($240 million) be allotted in ways that sages indeed, eg on page 41: prevent its use in population-control programmes that “Tinbergen believes, and there is a mass of evidence to permit abortion”. support him, that man is at present in a phase of disadapta- Greer’s critique of present-day “modern” contraceptive tion, of loss of viability, brought about in part by his failure techniques is comprehensive, accurate, and hard-hitting. to modify his reproductive behaviour to compensate for his She also cuts firmly through the rhetoric and doublethink meddling in the scheme of things by keeing the unfit alive. surrounding abortion, but is less successful on infanticide, His ambivalence can be sensed ...” fudging the issue of why it is mainly girls who are killed. That last “His” refers to Tinbergen, not “man”. In this When she discusses traditional contraceptive and whole passage, Greer seems to be agreeing that the process birth-spacing techniques, she is far from incisive. In the whereby the “unfit” were weeded out by “natural selec interests of condemning the West, by which she seems to tion” was a good thing - a position she is wholly opposed to mean affluent North Americans and Europeans, Greer when it is espoused by “eugenicists”, determined to im is prepared to overlook any shortcomings in other cul prove the nation’s “stock” by sterilising those they consider tures, and even to praise highly practices which do have unfit to breed. Interestingly, it is in the some benefits for women, but are also designed to keep chapter dealing with abortion and infanticide that we find (page 193) what is perhaps the most lucid and compas sionate statement of Greer’s central theme insofar as it concerns “over-population”: “The pushing of contracep tion (in the Third World) in volves an intrusion into the privacy of people whose de fensive space is very small, reduced perhaps to genital modesty alone. It involves crass assumptions about the frequency of intercourse, about where it takes place, about beds and baths and rooms and running water and a ‘healthy’ sex life. The prob lem is too desperate for so dandified a solution, and it is not the problem of over population which as the statisticians created it, they may also solve. The problem is the birth of unwanted chil dren, the failure of endogen ous systems of control after hundreds of years of mis chievous interference. The ancient checks on population growth will probably never reassert themselves; in the meantime Western technol ogy ought to exert itself to Robyn Conway 2 4 Broadsheet, September 1984. them all the more firmly subject to patriarchal control. For example, coitus interruptus may well be, when skil fully used, a successful and harmless method of con traception as Greer avers; but it is also, obviously, to tally male-controlled, and therefore suits a patriarchal society very well. But in this book, such feminist considerations do not seem to matter to Greer. She can contemplate female castration with equanimity, dismissing it as a "trivial factor (“The Yoruba do practise clitoridectomy upon young women — in a fairly off-hand way. She can write disapprovingly of the Shah of Iran’s action in outlawing the veil (in 1937), because “he did not so much liberate his people as announce their dependency upon the West”, whereas the old heavy chador now resumed “confers upon young women the aspect of military nuns . .their hands are free to carry weapons. The veil is now a symbol of liberation through self-discipline”/ Perhaps most oddly of all, she can assert that: “For the struggle [to control fertility] to be institutionalised so that the in dividual may merely carry out the moral prerogative of others is to degrade human beings even more than did throwing their girl children under the feet of blindfolded bullocks, because it denies their free will."'’ How much At the heart of all discussions of fertility, child-bearing “free will” did those who bore the children have? and child-rearing lies the question of the position of She is appalled, apparently, by the fragmented, mar women, as those genuinely concerned with eliminating ket-ridden, over-individualised alienation of Western poverty and hunger are just beginning to realise. Seen from life at its worst, and in particular by what she sees as its our own alienated, cynical viewpoint, the “unity of biologi inability to retain meaning and value in human repro cal and economic, private and public, life"' which charac duction; therefore she turns for inspiration to those terises older societies may seem extremely attractive. In societies which continue to exemplify the Old Order, such societies, there is, as Ehrenreich and English point and overlooks all their sins, particularly their sins against out, no “Woman Question”; that emerges only with “the women, because they hold fertility and reproduction (at arrival of the industrial epoch which, in the space of a few least of sons) so dear. Her stance is hard to reconcile generations, will overcome all the ‘fixed, fast-frozen rela with her own lifestyle, past and present; in particular, tions of the Old Order ’, so that the old unity of life is shat one would not know from this book that in The Female tered . . . Industrial capitalism freed women from the end Eunuch she had been one of the main exponents of pre less round of household productive labour, and in one and cisely the detached kind of “anything goes recreational the same gesture tore away the skills which had been the sex she now so vigorously condemns. source of women’s unique dignity. It loosened the bonds of Nevertheless, the book contains some fascinating and patriarchy, and at once imposed the chains of wage labour. comprehensive accounts of some of the more revolting as It ‘freed’ some women for a self-supporting spinsterhood, pects of modern Western attitudes and practices, especially and conscripted others into sexual peonage."' toward the poor or “non-white races: for example, the It is this contradiction which Greer refuses to grasp. She chapters on “Eugenics” and “Governments as Family Plan tries to put the issue of fertility “above sexual politics, but ners”. However, I found the virulent attack on Margaret in so doing she ensures that she will be unable to deal with it Sanger and Marie Stopes extremely disturbing, not because coherently. By leaving out the issue of the oppression of it criticised these women, but because of the way it did so. women, she is able to pose a black-and-white confrontation Anyone who has read Dale Spender’s account of how "dis between the Old Order and the New which is inherently agreeable” women are destroyed, in order to be removed false.□ altogether from the record, will recognise in G reer’s ac References count of their lives and work almost every trick Spender de i Ehrenreich. Barbara and English. Deirdre: For Her Own Good: 150 years of the ex scribes - the unsubstantiated assertion, the demolition of perts' advice to women. Pluto Press 1979. p8. - For Her'Own Good, p i2. character, appearance, and sexuality (for instance, she ' People. People. People". Time. 6 August 1984. p i8 (cover story). states that Marie Stopes “succeeded in reducing two hus 4 p93. fpi05. bands to impotence and guilt in remarkably short ordei. > h p49. and above all the portrayal of two women so egocentric, ar ’ 317. ' Fn Her Own Good. p8. rogant, stupid, and generally unpleasant that no sane per For Her Own Good. pi 3. son would ever want to know anything else about them. Sex and Destinv is published by Seeker and Warburg. $19.95 (See On The Shelf). Broadsheet, September 1984 25 : and the man is the head of the family, that you do what he likes. : Pacific Island women, once they’re married and have a baby, they : feel old. They’re told by their husbands, “You can’t play netball, : you’re old now. You have to stay at home and look after the kids.” : I used to be once a very dedicated, very faithful mother and wife. TEAM-WORK . My husband used to work at night and come home at midnight or Tupou Manapori and Maiki Marks both play : one o'clock. I got up, warmed up the tea ready for him to eat every netball; Tupou also coaches and is a provincial : time- Those days are gone now. I had my children here in New : Zealand. Since the day they were born, they went to the netball umpire. At Hillary College in South Auckland, : courts with me. So he’s got no excuse whatsoever to say that I’ve where they teach, they talked about Maori and : left him to look after the kids. No. Pacific Island women and netball. Lu Cormier : Maiki: Tupou and I have a parallel there. I played the sport, and transcribed the tape. . when I married and had the children, I formed two housewives' teams. We would car-pool, we had a really big day out. All our Tupou: In 1975 I started coaching. Mainly Cook Island women are kids ended up-playing together, lots of playmates. Better than a coming, but I also have Samoans, Nuieans and European women. kindergarten really. And of course when we went home, the We have five teams for netball. They're called Newcomers, but mothers were tired physically, but refreshed mentally. the thing is I don't believe in just coaching netball itself. There’s a We lived up in the North Shore when it was new, and when lot of things you can bring in. How they are getting on with their people had babies in those days, there wasn’t very much money family, that sort of thing, is there any way I could help, advise around when double incomes were down to a single income. them. Now I ve got a lot of young people in my club, from the Those women that didn’t play netball or mid-week sport tended to street, ex-Hillary College, most of them. You know how hard be a little bit depressed in all. They had morning teas where they their parents are at home. There’s no way they're allowed to be would chat and be catty about everybody. But the ones who went out. So I have made myself available, I will talk with parents in a to netball, they didn’t have time for that. I suppose I’m being a bit way where there will be some kind of communication. unfair on those other women, but I couldn't help but feel we got a I have some of these young people who have left school and are better deal. The ones who play netball, they're fit from running in trouble: and I keep them at my house, and I contact the parents around, and they’ve got the motivation and application on their and tell them not to worry, bear with me. And they feel because of side. They tend to be better organised and better within them selves. my not being involved with liquor or anything, that their kids are quite safe. And I ve got Maori kids that I ve brought up, you ought Tupou: My advice to my players is: don’t get married yet. I al to see the number of kids that call me mum everywhere I go. ways advise them - have fun, play your game, enjoy it. I find our Maori and Island women very shy. They won’t come Maiki: Those are the sorts of things they get taught at netball, to out, yet they've got a talent, they've got ability to play netball. have fun. They talk about all sorts of things, they talk about the Again, it’s fear of their husbands. I've made myself a sheer exam politics. Women are getting information on the spot and different ple. I've got a husband who says to me, "You like netball more groups are listening to what other groups are saying, and then they than you like your family", which is not true. He’s keen on his come together and it s amazing the types of things that are com municated. weight-lifting and body-building, and he wants me to join him, but when I ask him to come and watch me play netball, he says, "Oh Tupou: They feel that s the only place where they can talk about no, that's a woman's game," and that's not on. it. They see me in my role and I say, "Right, I'm going to netball.” Maiki: They don't have any other situation unless they work to As long as I do my chores then I'm fine. The last part of the year gether, and not very many workplaces have that amount of when I don't have netball, he is happy because I'm home all the women at the same time. On a tournament day you've got all these time. But I take up something else. I do tennis. I feel sport does a women from 8.30 in the morning till 3.30 in the afternoon. lot of things for me personally. It makes me relaxed and free to ex Tupou. I ve got a few solo mothers who have expressed their press myself in a lot of ways. feelings of anger and concern at being left with a child to look after We are told a woman’s place in the Pacific Islands is in the home while he takes off somewhere. In the beginning, they probably won't believe you when you say, “Have good fun, and I’m sure one of these days you'll come back crying ‘Oh I wish I'd stayed.’ ” I say, “You’d better travel while you can now. Once you settle down, that s it, finished. If he says to you, stay home, you're too old, you're going to stay home, unless you’re a person like me, who is very strong about a lot of things, because I believe men and women should be equal." It took my husband a long time to un derstand, but only because I have worked so hard to try and make him understand how valuable life is, for himself and me. Sunday we invite all the girls to come with their children, a day at home at my place. We have a barbecue, we talk netball, we talk other things, you know. I think it's a big boost for them to com ment on how they got on that particular day. When they get back to their own homes, there’s nothing. Nobody says anything about it. Gil Hanly photographed teams playing netball on the Windmill Road Courts, It s not very often that people say to you, “Oh gee you're good. ” Mt Eden, during July/July 1984. • There's plenty of times when people tell you, “Oh. you didn't do 2 6 Broadsheet, September 1984 well today, you know, you didn’t pass the ball, you didn’t do this.” couragement from someone. They say I'm the hardest person to But with my beliefs and my way of getting around the women, no be with, because I’ve got rules and I do it right. When I do train matter how badly they play, I often say, “Right, you made the mis ing, I mean training - no smoking, nothing else. takes, we don’t mind. Don't worry about it. Winning is not always But I think you’ve got to keep doing some other exercise as well the answer. Have you enjoyed it?” “Oh yes.” If they’ve enjoyed it, as netball. See, I go to the gym, for body toning and do some exer I say, “Well, you’ve done your day’s good turn. You played well cise. Two days a week we train. One day you have physical train for your team and that’s all that matters.” It didn’t worry me ing, exercises and all that, and the other day we play netball. But I whether they’re going to win or lose. Other people look at the think they’ve got to be advised on how to keep themselves fit, game as mainly competition where you go to win. But not for me. especially after having babies and coming back to it. As far as I'm concerned, I have to educate them to be good losers But they enjoy it. They’d rather be told those things than not. Sometimes I feel so guilty, I say to my husband, “I think I’ve been as well. Maiki: I think that on the whole, Maori and Polynesian women too hard on them”, and he’ll say, “Oh yeah, you’re always on the are good like that. I know that they get on and play a good hard negative.” But I know somewhere down the line he supports what game. And that’s what pakeha women don’t understand, espe I’m doing, yet he doesn’t say it. cially the young ones. I think we play a different style of game. I Maiki: Well, that's a typical Maori/Polynesian male way of hear the comments; “Oh, they’re rough.' But I ve watched young looking at things, eh? If they like it they’ll grizzle, grizzle, grizzle, kids, I’ve watched ladies my age play. I’ve watched the over forties but if they don’t stop you, that means that’s alright, they’re happy play. It’s not rough, it’s just that once they get on, they give every with what you’re doing. thing they’ve got to it. I know that when I come off the court, I re Tupou: I set goals for the women in the club every year. This year our goal was to go to Hawaii for the international tourna ally feel it. Tupou: All these young ones will say, “Oh I can’t play. I say, ment. But we got turned down at the beginning of the year, we “How old are you - nineteen? Look at me. If I can run from one were told by the Auckland Netball Association that they’re not end to the other without coughing, then I can't understand what’s taking any new teams. Then a couple of weeks ago I got a letter the matter with you.” I feel the women just need a little bit of en from them saying there are eight vacancies, some of the teams Broadsheet, September 1984. 27 have fallen out. So it’s too late now, the girls have lost the interest : S°- Even in the national side, we’ve got a Cook Islander now, with now. : Margaret Matenga. And there’s of course Rita Fatialofa, who’s We fund ourselves. We put our own money in for the club team, \ Samoan. for the whole netball season. We have another bag for injuries, so : I m also secretary of the Cook Island Sports Association of Au- we give a little donation to at least pay the first bills for the doctor. : ckland. On Labour weekend, we have a national day where each Sometimes we have a little for the girls who have babies, who city travels to the other. This year we're going to have Wellington. don t want anybody to know, but it’s nice if we can pay a little All of the Cook Island people in Wellington are coming to Auck something. We’d rather do our own, and I’ve never gone outside land and we're hosting that whole tournament for that weekend. and asked people to sponsor my club. Netball, rugby, tennis, indoor golf, and church activities. I think the pakehas get a lot of sponsorship. We have eight teams including the golden oldies, and the Maiki: They ask, they go out and ask. One team is sponsored by mothers and fathers, so it’s one big occasion we look forward to a local garage, and they take the name of the garage for their team, every year. Next year we’ll have the reverse. Either we'll go to To- and they get their uniforms. Tupou: Our women buy their own uniforms. That's how we’ve worked all along. They’re so keen to play the game, they’re not going to wait around to get the people to sponsor them for un iforms or whatever. They want something, it doesn’t matter how much it costs. They’re going to put some money in. So the only other way we get funds for travel is to have a social function. Netball used to be the cheapest sport before. Every year, at the general meeting, we get up and say, “Why are the fees going up?” Every year we hear, “Oh, we have to do this, we have to renovate part of this.” Now netball’s most expensive because we’ve got to pay fees to the association, you’ve got to pay for your own uniform and your own club fees. Thirty-three dollars we paid this year per person to affiliate ourselves with the association. We see all these big banks and whatnot sponsoring the rugby, the soccer and everything. But the women of this country, they’re koroa, Hastings or Wellington or something like that. We also just as important as those male counterparts. have Rotorua and the South Island. So netball and rugby are the Maiki: But if there was money put into netball so that all our big games as far as the Pacific Island people are concerned. Cric players had to pay was just their club fees and their uniforms, I’m ket is the other.( We have a Cook Island cricket competition with sure we’d have more kids playing netball here. Kids can’t afford to one particular island in Pukapuka. play netball after school because they can’t afford to pay the fees, And every year on Queen’s Birthday weekend we have the Au their uniform and travel - $2 every time to go from Otara to Auck ckland Cook Island field day, where just Cook Island teams (there land and back again. are about 44 netball teams and 15 to 20 rugby teams) come to But if the government spent some money on women’s sport, we gether. People really psych themselves for it, and really work wouldn’t have so many Maori and Polynesian women in mental hard. I find that we feel very happy, different from the field days hospitals, because of low self esteem and all these other things. I that we go to on Sundays. You know you see people sitting on the look at all these women who I know would like to play a sport but side, and while they’re waiting, they’re singing away or eating or they’re too shy to say we can’t play because there’s no money. something like that. The music is going. It’s really full of fun. They don’t say it, but you know that they just can’t afford it. In the evenings you will find that in every little space we can About a Maori tradition in netball. There have always been steal or put a rug over or something, we play some kind of sport. I Maori players in netball right from the primary, intermediate, sec think the Pacific people are very sports minded people. I think ondary schools. This is marvellous. In Howick, where I play, they that’s the same with Maori people. play in all grades. Maiki: Now Maori women don’t feel that they have to have the Tupou: Well, Maori I think are there at all levels, but the Pacific same support systems. They join any team really, they feel confi Islanders are coming up now, slowly getting there. See this year dent. But you still have teams that are predominantly Maori we’ve got a Cook Island team training in Auckland. That’s a good women, and they do that because they like to play with one another and it’s a social thing for them. But I can't help but think that the government or somebody should fund netball. I’m sure more women would be coming. If you looked at most of us that were involved in so many other things; well, I've had to give up a lot of other things for netball, but I’d never leave a fitness thing off my schedule. I hate doing exer cises by myself. Tupou: I do my own at night when everybody has gone to sleep. I stay up. And when I get up really early in the morning before my children get up, I get into the sitting room and do my other exer cises. But sometimes you get bored doing it on your own. I like the walks. I might say, “Okay, let's go for a run around the street.” You need it. Just something extra. Don’t ask me about how I get the time. God knows, it’s a miracle. It just happens when it comes.□ i S Broadsheet, September 1984. : Dear Feminist Fanny I I am a 16-year-old boy and my mum’s : run off to live with the vicar’s wife. My : father’s heartbroken and can’t cope. We • have takeaways every night, my bed has : not been made for a week, and the washing : is blocking the toilet door. How could she • do this to us? ; W. H. Inge. • pile of Playboys in the garage. My husband ; DearTurk's Wife, : says he buys them for the interviews but my : We asked our gardening expert and she Dear W. H. Inge, : mum says he's a filthy beast. What should I : advises that you should lift the lilliums im Easily. • do? : mediately and wrap them in some old ; Newlywed. • copies of Hansard. When you get to your i / : new place throwaway the lilliums and bury : Dear Newlywed, : the Hansard. Things will be better that : Subscribe to Dyke News and say you buy • way. Whatever you do, don’t get blue • it for the layout. • about it. : Dear Feminist Fanny Dear Feminist Fanny • I read in the newspaper that the Labour My husband and I have an equal caring : Party is going to have a Ministry of sharing relationship. We have a joint fam : Women’s Affairs. Could you please tell me ily home and the car is in both our names. : who to contact as I am really interested in What are these feminists on about? ; having an affair. Contented Housewife. : Primrose. Dear Contented Housewife Who cleans the toilet ? Dear Feminist Fanny I’ve organised a men-against-drama-lec- Dear Feminist Fanny turers march, cake stalls for the men’s We have been married for 30 years and centre and creches for feminist ovulars. now my wife says she’s bored because I Still feminists won’t be nice to me. What never talk, go to sleep in front TV and only more do women want? bathe once a week. After all this time I ex M. C. Liberal pected something better. Leo the Lion. DearM.C. Liberal, For starters we'll have your porsche, Dear Leo, your gold mastercard, and your ten bottles So did she. of Chateau Neufdu Pape. Dear Feminist Fanny Dear Feminist Fanny I want to work on the railways, but my I hate men because they rape and sexu Dear Primrose, dad says its no place for a girl. What do you Unfortunately you have got the wrong ally abuse women and children. I get mad think? idea. However, you could approach the when the boss touches me. I yell back at S. Hunter new government and ask about the intro men when they whistle in the street. Now duction of a private member's bill. Best of Dear S. Hunter, the men at work are calling me a ballbreak luck. It's a woman’s right to choo-choo ing dyke. choose. BBD. Dear Feminist Fanny Illustration b\ Nancy Peterson. Dear BBD, My husband has asked me to learn fel Congratulations! latio but I already speak fluent French and German. Don’t you think that’s enough? Dear Feminist Fanny S.A. la Vee. I am an English lecturer at University DearS. A. la Vee, and I’m scared of being chained to a tree. More than enough. You will have to be What should I do? very cunning. Alas, husbands have these Mack Adamia, ideas from time to time. C’est la guerre! (author of Wet Dreams) Dear Mack, Dear Feminist Fanny j If the chain fits, wear it. We have to move rather suddenly and I’m worried about lifting the lilliums. Is it : Dear Feminist Fanny the right time? : I’m newly married and I’ve discovered a Turk’s wife. J. Broadsheet, September 1984. H9 Our Public Face THE PRESS ON Club membership ticket in his wallet. in the sensational or bizarre. As when the The 20 references to AIDS made up the Auckland Star reported that an English HOMOSEXUALITY next largest topic group. These articles Court of Appeal had awarded custody to a were alarmist and threatening in content lesbian mother. As when the same news In 1983 Paula Wallis studied the two Auck and tone. They suggested that promiscuity paper a month later headlined the word land dailies and the Sunday papers for pre in the male homosexual community was lesbian in mock-humorous vein concerning ference to lesbians and gay men. This is largely responsible for the dissemination of the Australian Union of Students declara what she found. the disease. The publicity given to Darryl tion of 1983 as the “International Year of Wilson’s threats to flood Auckland blood In the 12 months from January to De the Lesbian.” Star editorial staff allowed a banks with potentially infected blood com cember 1983 just over one hundred articles discreet four month interval to elapse be dealing with homosexual issues appeared fore reporting the celebration of a in the two main Auckland dailies and in the “homosexual marriage” between two les Sunday press. These articles provided the bians. Not, of course, in New Zealand. public with their main source of informa The weekend papers were equally tion about homosexuality. They created abstemious. Truth reprinted an advertise the conditions for acceptance or rejection, “We are considered ment from Out magazine outlining a re for approval or disapproval of a homosex quest for someone to father her child. And ual way of life. newsworthy only the NZ Times in its sole reference to les What was the media image presented in bians, typecast all as “militant lesbians” 1983? I divided the 108 references into who had killed moves to legalize male topic headings: when a news item is homosexuality. The stereotypical homosexual of the Court/legal 52 outrageous enough media is constructed less on what is pre AIDS 20 sented than by what is omitted. It is the Gays in the Church/Weddings 5 to consolidate lack of positive references that is more Young Gays in schools 4 damning than the warped perspective of Transexuals 4 the published material. There is no hint TV/entertainment 3 current prejudice.” that gays and lesbians are teachers, work in Equality bill 3 shops and factories, are office workers and Air NZ 3 social workers. No suggestion that we are Out magazine 2 parents, live in the suburbs, survive on a Paedophile groups (men attracted to benefit and shop at the supermarket. young boys 2 At the moment, we are considered Miscellaneous 10 newsworthy only when a news item is out rageous enough to consolidate current pre A positive/negative/neutral scale showed judice. Newspapers create our profile and 91 negative references, no positive refer pleted the negative picture conveyed by present us pre-judged to the public. We are ences and 17 neutral references. these articles. sensationalised, termed bizarre, thought A gender breakdown saw 92 references And according to the papers those male suspect and considered criminal. to male homosexuality, five references to homosexuals who weren't appearing in Complaining about the media’s failure lesbianism, seven non-gender specific re court or incubating AIDS were doing other to cover the kind of events not generally ferences and four references to transexu pointless or nasty things. They were out als. recognised as news is a long term job. and about town boycotting Air New Zea Complaining about offensive items may The overwhelmingly negative and over land for their failure to promote Gay have more effect in the short term. We can whelmingly male-dominated nature of the Group Travel, protesting about Lange’s object to the continual projection of a references is striking. Fifty-two of the total use of the word “poofter”, laying seige to negative image. We can have a list of 92 references to male homosexuality ap the customs department for the seizure of prominent lesbian and gay spokespeople peared on the court pages of the dailies or two "Colt ’84" calendars, petitioning parli whom the media can contact. We can pub in sensationalized versions in the Sunday ament for the degenderising of NZ laws re licise activities and events. We can prepare papers. These items construct a fairly com lating to sex offenders, or appearing in 30 positive press releases. We can even com prehensive picture of the male homosex second suggestive silhouette on television pliment the media when they do the right ual. He is someone who molests young locked in shadowy embrace. thing. We want the same acceptance for boys, then takes snap-shots of them, Lesbians fared little better. We scored a lesbians and gay men that heterosexuals sodomizes adolescents, has a flat littered total of five references over twelve get in the media.□ with pornography and has a Paedophile months. We are invisible unless indulging 3 0 Broadsheet, September 1984. From February to November 1982, Sally groups. Indications from 1983 papers are statement and a term with belittling conno Ruth collected two scrapbooks of clippings that these age splits have been even more tations. Rape Crisis workers have said over about rape and sexual assault from the marked. For offenders, on the other hand, and over that sexually violated wimmin’s Christchurch Star and Press. To analyse 28% of 49 offenders were under 24. Of 33 non-physical scars can take a very long them, she talked to raped women, a rape rapists in court 18 were unemployed, two time to heal (if at all). The invasion of self, crisis worker, a policeman and a lawyer. were beneficiaries, 11 were employed in the disruption of lives, feelings of empti This is her report. manual or unskilled or semi-skilled jobs. ness, soullessness, guilt, fear and dirtiness It is men who are powerless relative to and the often punishing attitudes of family other men who present as the public image and friends cause victims immeasurably AND RAPE of sexual offenders - men who are econom more suffering than physical force. These This is an examination of the public face of ically less powerful (unemployed, unskil consequences, and their continuance are sexual violence. The data available in led workers) and otherwise structurally rendered invisible; they do not appear on newspaper clippings cannot be used to powerless (Maoris, Pacific Islanders and the public face. generalise about offenders or victims. It is gangs). Journalists prize “objectivity” - the ability well known that sexual violence is a grossly Because I accept that the cases that ap to distance your own self, values and views under-reported offence, and studies have pear in these clippings represent only the while writing, to present a supposedly un shown that offenders seen in the courts are tip of the iceberg of national sex offences biased or “true” account of what hap not at all representative of sexual offenders and are not representative of sexual vio- pened. in general. I believe that objectivity is both an un A composite picture of the clippings realistic aim and an impossibility in most suggests overwhelmingly that the rapist/of- cases and is non-existent when dealing with fender who goes to court is young, working “It was clear that so called “social issues”. Newspapers do class or unemployed, a stranger to the not present everything that happens, or womin and likely to be Maori or a Pacific they did not seem even every happening they know about. Islander. The victim is most likely to be at They do not print everything that is writ tacked in her own home or alone at night in ten. The staff of a paper choose aspects of a public place. She is presented as being to regard either social phenomena for a re-presentation in either very young or very old. Most of the their news reports; they construct a social assaults reported included some degree of sexual offenders, reality in accordance with that selection, non-sexual violence. which may or may not reflect the actual re Such a picture, emerging as it does from victims, potential ality initially observed. At each stage of a capitalist racist patriarchy, should not this process individual biases may occur. surprise any feminist. It is unfortunate that sexual offenders or Aside from the characters and beliefs of few recognize this for what it is - the public particular reporters, sub-editors and image only of the many cases of sexual vio potential victims editors the process behind the presentation lence that occur. Cases of sexual violence of news stories negates any possibility of which fit the stereotypes are more likely to as members of objectivity. The selection of what is em be reported, more likely to be taken to phasized, what is ignored, the use of lan court and more likely to result in prosecu guage and the idea behind the judgement tion. Male offenders who fit the stereotype ‘the public’.” of “newsworthiness” are all individual and are more likely to be traced by the police. subjective procedures. Where a case does not fit into such a pic Both the style and the claims of news ture; for instance if the rapist is a white paper journalism suggest a non-judgemen- bank clerk, and the victim is his best tal representation of what others have said friend’s sister (and if she has or has had a lence experiences in general, it must then or done. From this the public often hold a boyfriend) the chances of being taken seri be concluded that these less powerful men view of media reports as the truth, and con ously and ‘justice’ being done are are more likely to be caught, prosecuted, struct their own assumptions of reality minimised from the start. Attacks that in and penalised and are not more likely to be around those presented by newspapers and clude violence are more likely to be fol sexual offenders. other media forms. lowed through. The police have insinuated A large number of the reports contain To understand what went on within that if you are being raped its actually bet phrases claiming the womin was not hurt, newspaper production, I interviewed two ter for the prosecution case if you make not injured, or had not suffered unduly. men from the Star and one man from the sure you get a black eye or cuts as well. Aside from it not even being true, such lan Press. Although it is becoming more widely ac guage and emphasis serve to maintain the Reports of court cases must always in cepted that all wimmin are at risk of at least common misunderstanding and misrep volve the selection of portions of admissa- attempted sexual violence, and that hus resentation of sexual violence as just ble evidence from the proceedings of the bands and lovers are as likely to be the of another form of physical assault, and the day. These are put together to form a sup fenders as a stranger, the newspaper clip idea that the possibility or actuality of posedly fair and representative summary pings shows an image of offenders and vic physical violence is the most damaging and of each case chosen as worthy of publica tims which differs markedly from this. Of deplorable aspect of the crime. tion from the large number of court cases 36 victims of sexual offences represented in Where non-physical consequences to which are heard in a typical day in court. I the clippings there were only two who did the victim are mentioned, words like asked how decisions about this selection of not fit into the 9-23yrs and over-50yrs age “upset” are used. This is both an under information were made at their respective Broadsheet, September 1984. 31 papers. The men from the Star replied that Press is determined by who the victim is. a bus it might not make it.” (Laughter) The there was “no suppression by this news The rationale for specifying the female's Star also said they tried to present a “ba paper" that they print “a summary of all marital status and not the male’s (be he of lanced view,” to incorporate a similar admissable evidence" in order to “get fender or victim) in the Press “to cater for proportion of material from defendant, more information to the public” unless the public who really do think its worse if complainant and judge (if relevant). They “the details are considered too unpleasant she’s married because although it’s a gross were very concerned with “fairness” and for a family newspaper.” physical and mental intrusion on the protecting themselves against accusations The reporter at the Press said that their woman, it’s worse if it intrudes on the of bias or slanting the case. This balancing court reporters are “guided by good taste whole family as well”. act in the name of fairness clearly suggests and the view that sexual violence reports “Besides which,” he said “it may be re that some newspaper reports are not even should not descend to the salacious or levant. There have been several cases representative of court cases, let alone re dwell unduly on details, because we are lately where the husband has been beaten ality. If a case if dominated by the presen very conscious of the fact that people are up or forced to watch - then it becomes tation of evidence for the prosecution, an reading the Press with their breakfast.” (!) more than just a simple crime of passion”. attempt to even things up and be “fair” Both papers have at least spoken com Reports of such cases in the paper show would seriously distort the image of the mittment to avoiding the possibility of sex that when men are also involved as victims case. ual titillation from reading court reports. the case is regarded much more seriously The men from both papers consistently However the main concerns still appear to and treated more sympathetically. used a concept of The Public, without overtly indicating who their reading public was seen to be. My impression is that they conceive them to be white males aged about 25-60 years. It was clear that they did not seem to regard either sexual offenders, victims, potential sexual offenders or po tential victims as members of “the public”. Newspaper accounts do include implicit warnings to other wimmin. Most of the de tailed reports have at least an element of suggestion that the womin or girl in some way brought it on herself and that this should reduce the seriousness of the pen alty. Often included in this type of report is the insinuation that some wimmin deserve rape more than others. I found an examination of the headlines used to be rather revealing of the lack of fit between the expressed concern of the newspaper men I spoke to and the prac tices of the papers. Burrows’ states “Ex treme care must be taken with headings. They are not part of the proceedings but rather are the comments of the newspaper itself”. Headlines are the responsibility of the sub-editor who quickly reads and sum be competition between the two, what sells The Press representative thought the maries a piece of copy into a few words. papers and therefore what creates profit. public (as usual undefined) made “more of The speed at which sub-editors work was Even though the Press representative said a fuss” about sexual violence cases than the offered as an excuse for poor head-lines by that “the Star reporters have to be more media do. He believed that “The public both papers (eg “Facial injuries to sensational, to catch tired evening read often have mixed feelings about rape cases woman”). I queries the basis for the use of ers” there seems little to distinguish the because they think ‘there but for the grace the words “alleged rape” or “a woman two papers in the way court reports of sex of God go I’.” claimed she was raped” in headlines (and ual violence are presented. He confirmed that he did mean men in in the body of the story). Legally they are Selection of cases to be published hinges this context! While this seems to say as required to use “allege” if the offender has in both cases on “newsworthiness”. Both much about his personal fears as his at not pleaded guilty, but this does not always papers had different bases on which this titude towards the public, it also indicates occur. The Star said they sometimes make criteria is satisfied. The Press reporter said that he regards “the public” as all men. mistakes. The Press news editor on the that any assault on children or the elderly is At the Christchurch Star selection by other hand said that if, for instance, “logic” given prominence because “. . . the public newsworthiness is based on the penalty at suggested that a womin in that place at that have a particular abhorrence for these as tached to the charge. As sexual violence time would not fabricate a story of rape, saults (while) those cases of women in the cases are usually highly penalised, they are then a headline like “Hunt for rapist” was middle age bracket (18-50) are not seen as usually reported. “Although,” one of them permissable! The Press tends to use words quite as serious.” So newsworthiness in the noted “if a woman’s bottom got pinched on like “doubt”, “allege” and “suspicion” 3 2 Broadsheet, September 1984. more often in their headlines than the Star. I felt that the whole approach of the Press representative was one in which the womin Gillian Edwin was presumed guilty of fabrication until proven innocent; older people and chil dren and so on were seen as less likely to make up such a story. It is another com mon myth that wimmin often “cry rape”; if the chief reporter of a major newspaper holds it so firmly then it is inevitable that this bias will show through in published ac DOESN’T ANYONE counts of sexual violence. The fragmentation of the systematic and functional nature of sexual violence, en REALLY LISTEN? suring continued scapegoating and the de flection of the focus away from the source of real power in society are some of the ef fects of malestream journalism’s approach to such reports. Even recent increases in She put her hands on the brown door articles including social comment on the reality of sexual violence will not create Pitted and scratched significant change in the public image as long as the two sets of information remain Damaged by years so contradictory and newspaper placement Of pushing hands and kicking feet of such articles ensures their isolation from each other. An ordinary door in an ordinary world Virtually nothing in the spoken and writ ten experiences of rape victims who have She held the handle feeling it turn not reported to the police coincides with Obedient to her hands the myths and stereotypes which are gener ated and maintained by the media. It ap Smooth and worn pears that the private reality of sexual vio lence against wimmin is less dramatic but The same as yesterday - she pushed far more insidious and wide-spread than The door opened and heads turned the imagined social reality that is presented by the written news media as the public face. This mask of sexual violence is so to She saw herself mirrored in their faces lerable in its lack of threat to good, decent and ordinary people that it successfully dis The teacher’s voice - guises the reality that wimmin live every day. The news media is at least partially “ Late and in a mess” - culpable for the obscenity of sexual vio She looked for safety to her empty desk lence by its very abdication of responsibil ity for the evidence of this mask, in the Fam iliar, friendly but still out of reach names of “objectivity” and “newsworthi ness”. Thus not only is the reality of sexual vio “W ell” sighed the teacher “Why so late” lence in our society distorted by being largely hidden (unreported) but further Pursed and impatient bias is introduced both at the police station (how many reported offences get to Dictation disturbed court?) and yet again in newspaper ac “These fellas fucked me down the field” counts of actual court cases. □ “ Late and now swearing” said the teacher References Ann Lloyd. Rape: An examination of the crime in New Zealand, Wilson and Horton. NZ 1976. Carol Smart. "Prostitution. Rape and Sexual Politics" One hundred lines in Women, Crime and Criminology - A Feminist Critique, Routledge and Kegan Paul. UK 1976. “I must not use bad language in class” Carol Smart and Barry Smart "Accounting for Rape: Reality and Myth in Press Reporting" in Women, Sex uality and Social Control, Routledge and Kegan Paul. UK 1978. Professor John Burrows News Media Law in New Zea land, 1974. Broadsheet, September 1984. 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But 'we ^ AHD . emerge from this realistic representation of a modern hell with something like a positive point of view'. Helen White, ACT $7.95 Available at all good booksellers VICTORIA UNIVERSITY PRESS 3 4 Broadsheet, SeptemberOSES 1984 Women and Punitive Welfare Women have always been pun this “proclaimed incompetence” ished for having sexual liaisons or of women-alone connects to their children outside the institution of sexuality, hence this needs to be marriage. A Century ago, when COMMENT BY VAL UPTON monitored. In reality the morality married woman committed adul and sexaulity is more closely moni tery. she was denied custody of “Women with children and tored than the financial and child- her children. Twenty years ago rearing capabilities, so we must single women were socialised and assume this is the real reason for coerced into giving up their babies without a husband may keep state intervention in private lives. for adoption. Sadly illegitimacy It is how society views mothers- ensured an inferior quality of life alone that kindles the flames of and the child was “better off" with their children, but only at a stigmatisation. Under the guise of a married couple, which is another humane welfare mothers-alone way of rewarding married couples price, and that is state can be controlled, simply because held in high esteem by society. they are financially dependent on When women asserted their sexu state aid. Just as employers can ality and independence outside intervention in, and public use the threat of dismissal to pre marriage, society came down like vent militancy among employees, a ton of hot bricks, by punitively welfare is used as a means of social depriving the women of their chil policing of, their private control (Wilson, 1977). dren. Carol Smart argues persua Today women with children sively (Smart, 1981) that taken to and without a husband may keep lives.” gether, the provision of welfare their children, but only at a price benefits for mothers-alone plus and that is state intervention in, which is their punishment for de taxpayers who have to support the easing of divorce laws, indi and public policing of, their pri viating from the norm. Women people not in paid employment, cate the true intentions of govern vate lives. Most New Zealand alone are perceived as a threat to the harassment of selected groups ments. Marriage and family must women have little experience of families and the institution of mar in our society goes deeper than a be reinforced, even if it means a state intervention in their perso riage (witness the hostility a single monetary resentment. We must temporary payout to women out nal lives, until the day their mar woman receives from safely-mar ask what it is about the family unit side marriage, to ease their transi riage breaks down or they become ried women at numerous social of mother and children that neces tion to a new marriage. I concur single mothers. Welfare is then occasions), so the lives of these sitates government and public with Smart. Welfare benefits are used punitively as a means of so "deviant" women have to be con policing, while the separated at odds with capitalism, which ac cial control. trolled, not perhaps as overtly as father is free from such state inter counts for some of the hostility Sex role socialisation ensures 100 years ago but by equally ef vention. fired at all beneficiaries. More that the women in our society are ficacious and punitive means. One classic justification for in covertly though, by making the child rearers, and because of this To this end various institutions tervention is that women on wel life of husband-free women a re they are excluded from achieving conjure up schemes whereby fare have problems raising their stricted, controlled, dehumanis financial independence. There women are still to be punished for children. Another is that they ing and unhappy struggle, the fore women without husbands and their "naughty” behaviour. Last need assistance with budgetary sooner will most women seek re with children are usually forced to year Plunket nurses suggested cer matters. This is true to a point, be marriage. Bear also in mind go on the Domestic Purposes Be tifying young unmarried mothers cause of the low level of income, another reason for pressuring nefit, basically because they have as to their fitness to raise their own yet other low income beneficiaries women into conformity: govern not been able to achieve financial children. (Christchurch Press do not have their personal lives ment is now unable to reward equality with men, or indepen 17.2.83 . In 1982 the idea was that policed to such an extent. Stu those conforming child-less dence of them. From the fat into the age of dependent children of dents are free to spend their gov couples because the pool of adop the fire goes the woman who re women on welfare be lowered to ernment bursary as they wish. Old tive babies has dried up. moves herself from the rule of one 13, effectively restricting the time age pensioners are free to live “de Government acts on behalf of patriarchal male, by substituting the benefit would be available facto" if they wish. Rather this the people by making divorce and patriarchal, bureaucratic welfare (Press 17.7.82). Ironically this policing of women outside the remarriage easier, while the institutions in his place. suggestion paid no heed to the “norm" is a hangover from the people act for government by But you ask, is not a welfare sys problems women would have in days when deserted wives had to nudging those deviant mothers tem which supports women with re-entering the paid workforce, as be of good moral character to alone back into conformist mar out husbands sympathetic to does the latest move on un maintain their right to monetary riages. How much “happier” women, rather than punitively employment benefits. Now the assistance. Women were, and still mother will be back under the pro patriarchal? Several answers flare government recognises the prob are being, punished for being de tection of a male. The patriarchal up here;. The DPB is provided be lems the over-55 years (males) en serted by their husbands, or by social relations of the family are cause of the children who must be counter in regaining employment, choosing not to have one. deliberately reinforced by making cared for, it is cheaper than pro and have adjusted the benefit Society is making two state welfare, for those outside a pat viding alternative care, it is an structure accordingly. ments here. Women without men riarchal family unit, punitive.□ easy way of reinforcing patriarchy Although all welfare be are, or become, incompetent fi References: by keeping women subservient neficiaries are subject to stigmati nancially and as childrearers, and Smart, Carol and Barry. Women, Sex and dependent, plus a means of sation and are blamed for being women without husbands lose uality and Social Control, London. juggling the real dole queue statis bludgers, because welfare is their right to privacy - that is their Routledge & Kegan Paul 1978. tics. povided reluctantly, none come in rights as citizens are worth less Smart. Carol. "Regulating Families or The provision of a benefit for for as much contempt and ill-will than before. These women in re Legitimating Patriarchy? Family Law ceipt of public welfare must toler in Britain" present at European Con mothers-alone does not constitute from the general public as does ference on Critical Legal Studies. Lon feminist progress towards sexual the husband-free mother. Aside ate societal acrimony, because don 1981. equality, because husband-free from the fact that welfare is an they only have “equal rights” so Wilson. Elizabeth. Women and the mothers are subject to stigmatisa tithetical to a capitalist economy, long as they have a male benefac Welfare Stare. London, Tavistock tion and increasing “supervision" which ignites the resentment of tor. For some obscure reason 1977. Broadsheet, September 1984. 3S M DALKON SHIELD DISASTER from page 22. that there is no impairment in fertility after removal of an IUD but a recent report from Taiwan suggests that overall fertility may be slightly lowered.” This is the standard information women will receive if they ask doctors for advice. What this means is that women who stopped using an IUD because they wanted to conceive found their fertitliy impaired no more than women who stopped using the pill. Of course the women who had severe PID, ectopic pregnancies, sep tic miscarriages or a perforation had already stopped using the IUD. They are never counted into the “subsequent fertility” fi gures at all. There can be no doubt that the IUD is the contracep tive that threatens women’s fertility most, but I have never heard a doctor come out and say so - it might frighten women who are after all well known to be frightened by mice and facts. Not only should women know the risks if they accept an IUD LICENSED RESTAURANT but they should know how to minimise them. In particular they COCKTAIL BAR MOTEL COMPLEX should be informed about responding to the early signs of infec 508 Great North Road, Surrey Crescent, tion, and about the risks if they become pregnant. Early recogni Grey Lynn, Auckland, N.Z. (09) 762-058 tion of infection and ectopic pregnancy may well save their fertil Timptation will knock your tastebuds out of ity. Unfortunately many women who return to their doctors will mothballs. get reassurance rather than the examination on which early diag Timperley's offers a set menu with items ranging nosis depends. At the Post Graduate School’s training seminar from $4.50 to $26.00 for two. this year Professor Bonham, New Zealand’s chief Ob/Gob said: We offer the yummiest cocktails in town. Wines “I do not treat pelvic pain with antibiotics unless the E.S.R. is from local and overseas cellars selected to tempt raised and/or there is very convincing clinical tenderness. Re your palate and suit your pocket. A range of member the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy and the dif liqueurs, spirits, cognac, ports, sherries and beers. ficult alternative diagnosis of psychophysioligical pelvic pain.” We offer a set menu, a blackboard menu that changes nightly! Professor Bonham does test to see if there is infection, but what We always serve FREE HORS D'OEUVRES. many doctors apparently learn is thattpelvic pain is likely to be One night we had choices of the following psychophysologic. The woman has to prove she is “really” sick to ENTREES: override this assumption. She has to demonstrate very convincing Stuffed Mushrooms $3.50 pain to override the assumption that the problem is probably in Timperley's House Terrine $5.50 her head. Unfortunately early PID which is still curable often does Seafood Mousse $4.50 not have such obvious discomfort. C’s doctor had this sanguine at Squid Rings in Sweet and Sour Sauce $6.00 titude and was not alert to the possibility of PID despite the fact Champagne French Escargots $6.50 that he had inserted a shield himself. Cream of Pumpkin Soup $3.00 One reason why the experience has not led to greater caution is that the doctors who do the insertion frequently do not see the MAIN COURSES: long term results. They simply do not connect the woman they Venison with Mushroom and Cherry Sauce $11.00 give an IUD at the clinic today, with the emergency admission in T-bone Steak $7.50 three years’ time. The results of their actions are somebody else’s Rabbit under Pastry $7.00 department. Pancakes le Mer $7.50 Does it matter that New Zealand doctors have not learnt a Chicken Breasts Cordon Bleu $7.00 more cautious attitude in response to experience with the Daikon and the DESSERTS, all for $5.00 each: Shield? Mr. Jones argues that it is not worth taking any action now Glazed whole pears; Steamed Pudding with because it was all “a long time ago”. Ob/Gob Wendy Savage tried Brandy Sauce; Fresh Fruit Crepes; Fresh Fruit to trace women recorded as having a shield fitted at the London Salad; Cheeseboard with Fresh Fruit. Hospital. It is the nearest thing we have to a long term follow up study. She was able to trace approximately half the women. Nine All meals are served with a selection of freshly percent were still wearing the shield. The majority of women had cooked vegetables or, if you prefer, a salad. had them removed because of medical problems. Sixteen percent Come up and see what we've got tonight. The of them had conceived, another 16% had had PID, a number had portions are major and the prices, well you can other fertility problems. What the tragic study clearly showed is see for yourself, we cater for all of you with great that even if most studies stop after two years the problems for pleasure. women do not. □ TIMPtation just might be addictive. If you have had a bad experience with a Daikon Shield and would like to LIVE MUSIC-SUNDAYS share your experience or get more information you can contact: Coalition 12.30pm - 2.30pm for Fertility Action, PO Box 5043, Wellington. If you would like to speak to Phillida personally you can call her at home after 3pm most days at Wellington 764-091. 3 6 Broadsheet, September 1984. 7 pm. There may be opportunity will be shown on the “Kaleidos Making Changes - Self Es for small groups to meet at other cope” programme starting Friday teem For Women - 8-week times. The support group can be 14 September. Parts 1 and 2 will course designed to develop self- additional to other clinics you may concentrate on issues concerning confidence and assertion in be attending. For users who wish women artists; part 3 on the work women. Underlying theme is to to cut down as well as users who of feminist artists and collabora clarify and understand women’s wish to stop completely. Non- tive art; parts 4 & 5 on Emily Pace oppression in society and to act judgemental, confidential, all les and Jacqueline Fahey; and part 6 in a positive way to combat it. bian, with shared facilitating. As on New Women Artists as exhi Starts Monday 17 September, sistance will be available from the bited at Govett-Brewster. 7.30 - 9.30pm, $20 waged, $11 Lesbian Psychologists Group. unwaged. Course limit 12 RALLY AND CAMP women. Lesbian Mother’s Gatherings, for 10 million women for 10 days at Pacifism - part of the “isms” details phone Frankie 268-239 or Greenham Common 20, - 30 series - the political and spiritual Jan 498-527. Childcare can be ar 1984. Greenham women are ask ideas that are involved in this ranged 'By phoning Claire or ing 10 million women “to claim philosophy, Wednesday 26 Sep Michelle, 863-133. this time to make themselves visi tember, 7.30 - 9.30pm, $4 ble". Write to Greenham MEETINGS Gay/Lesbian Welfare Group waged, $2 unwaged. Dunedin... Dunedin Telephone counselling and infor Women’s Peace Camp at Yellow Women’s Resource Centre, The mation service, ph 33-584. Coffee Gate, USAF Greenham Com SOCIAL mon, Newbury, Berkshire, UK. Octagon, Regent Chambers-2nd evenings held weekly. Shadows - Two floors up from floor. Rooms G and 10. Open During August NZ women were main cafeteria, Student Union every Wednesday (except school Patients Rights Groups at trying to raise money to send a complex, 34 Princes Street, holidays) 2 -5 pm. We provide in Women’s Health Centre, 63 Pon contingent to the Camp. Also Auckland, every Monday - formation and books, pamphlets sonby Road, every second Thurs planned, a one day rally at Tan- women only - 4pm onwards, to borrow, friendly atmosphere. day, 3.30 pm. All interested gimoana on 23 September and a good music, food, dancing, all We feel it is important that women women welcome. camp to be set up at Auckland women welcome. Further details Airport. Ring Ruth and Susan at have access to information so they Anorexia “Slimmer's disease" from Phillipa 30-789 txe810. Waiheke 72823 and Kathryn at can make choices that will be good and Bulimia “Binge/purge” self- Auckland 728-288. for them and their children. We help support group for sufferers are happy to advise on referral WHAT’S NEW every Tuesday at 7.30pm, 63 Pon COURSES IN YOUR AREA? services about the home, employ sonby Road. Contact: Glenys ment, leisure, all aspects of re WEA Auckland, 21 Princes Send details to Renee by 7 Sep Johnston phone 687-414. Also Street, phone 732-030. tember for the October issue, 5 lationships, health and age, legal family support group for parents services in the community, the Feminism - part of the “isms" October for November, 2 and others close to those with series on political philosophies. November for December issue courts and the family court, legal anorexia and bulimia. For help aid and lawyers. Strictest confi Wednesday 5 September, 7.30- and 30 November for the January/ and information contact Patricia 9.30 pm. $4 waged, $2 unwaged. February Broadsheet. dence assured. All women please Hallett 8177-576, Phyl Mullane feel free to see us, or write to PO 8367-953, Anne Lumb 678-493, Box 5424. Kath Brophy 5348-387. Dunedin Rape Crisis Phone 741 - Christchurch... TH E HOME OF . . . 592: Counsellors on duty 8 - Christchurch... 10pm. Answering service will take Robin Morgan, Wednesday 19 Becky Bush messages rest of time. Room 6, September, an evening to hear 2nd floor. Regent Chambers, The and meet this well known Ameri Clare Bear Octagon. can feminist author. For tickets Lesbian Contacts: Lesbian Line and venue information contact Dana phone 778-765 every Monday Kate Sheppard Bookshop, 202A night 7.30- 10pm. Lesbian Drop- High Street, phone 790-784 or Hattie St John in every first Monday of the THAW, Peterborough Centre, month 8pm onward Room 10,2nd phone 796-970. Profits will go to Hilz floor. Regent Chambers, The Oc the Health Alternatives for tagon. Lesbian Contact womin, women. Jess Hawk Oakenstar Marian 777-367, Yoka 773-627. PUBLICATIONS Lesbian Mother’s Defence Fund Lesbian Bibliography: Miriam Peter T. (our singing barman) (LMDF) Information regarding Saphira has compiled a bibliog custody battles in court or outside raphy of over 300 books with main Red Beryl it, advice pamphlet and booklist lesbian characters which are in (extensive, up-to-date and posi Auckland Public Library. The list & Friends tive) available $1, PO Box 11009, is partially annotated and is based Dunedin. on Barbara Grier’s The Lesbian in Literature, third edition. $2 from Women Against Pornography Broadsheet or from Paper Inc, PO and Sexist Advertising Box 47-398, Ponsonby, Auck (WAPSA), meet most Wednes land. days, 7.30pm, Dunedin Women’s Resource Centre. (See address Earthlink, a monthly newsletter, above). Would like to hear from is available for price of postage any similar groups in NZ. Invite from Dale Loucareas, Waitaka local membership. Contact phone Press, 100 King High Avenue, Sue, 772-864 or Jan, 43-951. North York, Ontario. Canada, M3H 3B1. Canada and USA $5, Auckland...Auckland... overseas $8. TAVERN Lesbian Alcohol and Drug Abuse KINGSTON S FEDERAL-AUCKLAND Support Group has been set up at TELEVISION the Women’s Health Centre, 63 A six part series on Women Art 732-376 Ponsonby Road, Mondays 5.20 - ists, compiled by Kathy Findlay. Broadsheet, September 1984. 3 7 HUMOUR OFF THE WALL ON THE SHELF Compiled by Rachel Bartlett A collection of feminist graffiti. Proteus Books. $10.95 NON-FICTION MA, CAN I BE A FEM INIST AND STILL LIKE MEN? DRAWING DOWN THE MERCY, ITS THE RE MOON VOLUTION AND I’M STILL Margot Adler IN MY BATHROBE and Witches, druids, goddess- SYLVIA ON SUNDAYS shippers and other pagans in Nicole Hollander America today. Beacon Press, Who is Sylvia? Read these and $17.50 find out. St Martins Press. $9.25 AGAINST THE SEASON each THE POLITICS OF Jane Rule R EA LITY : E ssa y s in *HEAVY PERIODS An old woman finds her dead Fem inist Theory Fanny Tribble sister's diaries, Dina Pyros. used Marilyn Frve A cartoonist's wry look at furniture dealer and town butch Essays on Oppression. Sexism. women's experience. Sheba is courted bv Rosemary Hop- The Problem That Has No Feminist Publishers. $5.25 wood. social worker, and an el derly couple court in the face of Name, In And Out Of Harm's AMAZON MOTHERS Way: Arrogance And Love are public ridicule. Naiad Press, Miriam Saphira $13.95 some of the titles. The Crossing Giving affirmation and visibility Press, $13.95 to lesbian mothers. Papers Inc. CONTRACT WITH THE $8.25 NICE JEWISH GIRLS WORLD Evelyn Torton Beck (ed) Jane Rule A lesbian anthology and a proud Joseph, Mike, Alma. Roxanne. affirmation of Jewish identity. Allen and C'arlotta live out their .Persephone Press. $15.75 contract. Naiad Press. $13.95 PULLIN G OUR OWN LESBIAN IMAGES STRINGS NIGHTS IN THE UNDER GROUND Jane Rule Gloria Kaufman and Mary Kay A statement of Jane Rule's at Blakely (eds) Marie-Claire Blais As intense as The Well of Lonel titudes towards lesbian experi Feminist humour and satire iness or Portrait of a Marriage. ence as measured against images from Gloria Steinem. Claire New Press Canadian Classics, 'made by other women writers. Bretecher, Rita Mae Brown, $7.95 The Crossing Press. $12.25 and many others. Indiana Uni versity Press. $15.75 DESIRE LETTERS FROM A A MOUTHFUL OF BREATH FAINTHEARTED Ann Snitow, Christine Stansell, MINTS AND NO-ONE TO FEMINIST Sharon Thomspon (eds) KISS ______Jill Tweedie The Politics of Sexuality - a fas Cathy Guisewite A collection of letters from cinating anthology from writers Cartoons that are “for everyone Martha to Mary first published like Deidre English, Adrienne in the Guardian. Picador. $6.95 Rich, Sharon Olds, Alix Kates whose life revolves around food, love, mother, and career, the Shulman. and many others. Vir Margaret Cruikshank (ed) DEBORAH ago. $19.95 four basic guilt groups". An A challenge to established in drews and McNeel. $10.50 Esther Kreitman stitutions to recognise the con SHADOW ON A TIG H T The double oppression of being ROPE tribution of lesbians to all areas FICTION a woman and Jew. Virago Mod of learning. The Feminist Press. ern Classics. $12.95. Lisa Schoenfielder and Barb $13.95 SATURDAY NIGHT IN Wieser (eds) THE PRIME OF LIFE Writings by women on fat op SEX AND DESTINY Dodici Azpadu pression. Aunt Lute Book Com Germaine Greer After 26 years balancing a pany. $15.75 The politics of human fertility carefuly constructed world of from the author of The Female their choosing, two women face Funich and The Obstacle Race. a new' hurdle. Aunt Lute Book Seeker and Warburg. $19.95 Company. $11.95 HEALTH CUENTOS: Stories by Latinas CARING FOR OUR Alma Gomez, Cherrie Moraga, SELVES ___ Mariana Romo-Carmona (eds) Vanessa Griffin The varied experiences of His A health handbook for Pacific panic women: anger. love, com women. Reviewed in April '84 passion, humour and pathos. Broadsheet. University of the Kitchen Table Women of Col South Pacific, $18.50 our Press. $13.95 THE BASIC BACK BOOK GORILLA, MY LOVE Anne Kent Rush Tony Cade Bambara The complete manual of back 15 Superb stories in Bambara's care. Moon Books/Summit magical "straight up" style. Vin Books. $15.95 tage Books. $6.95 3 8 Broadsheet, September 1 9 8 4 . YOU CAN’T K E E P GOOD deserter's wife, leftist activist, WOMAN DOWN .working journalist, committed 9am — 5pm Mondays — Fridays Alice Walker feminist, in her passage through Breaking through the taboos the 70s. The Crossing Press. 10am — 1 pm Saturdays and contradictions to celebrate $12.25 the vitality of black women and THE UNEXAMINED WIFE BROADSHEET NEW ARRIVALS OF OLD their energy for change. The BACKPACKS FAVOURITES Women's Press, $10.50 Sherril Jaffe NOW AVAILABLE! A woman's experience of mar THE GREAT COSMIC riage and relationships. Black Backpacks (from back issues) MOTHER OF ALL Sparrow Press. $14.95 on violence against women (All prices include postage). Monica Sjoo & Barbara Mor Rainbow Press, $14.70 SPECIALLY Rape: 20 pages, 9 articles - on RECOMMENDED the myths, law, surveys and in SELF LOVE & ORGASM dividual experiences. $3.40 ONCE Pornography and Prostitution: Betty Dodson Poems by Alice Walker 11 pages, two articles. $2.40 Formerly Liberating Masturba Reflecting the poet's experience Self Defence/Organising tion, Published by author, in the South (USA), East Af 'Against Violence: 24 pages. 9 $10.50 rica, and the world at large. Har- articles - on technique, the eourt Brace Jovanovich, $5.25 Knicker Sticker campaign. Neighbourhood Support ABENG Groups, views on the Mervyn Michelle Cliff Thompson attack, interview Clare Savage, a light skinned with Sue Lytollis. $3.80 daughter of the middle class, Sexual Harassment: 8 pages, grows up among the contradic three articles - on definitions, tions of class, colour, blood and what to do about it, the law. history, in a colonised country. $2.10 The Crossing Press. $12.25 ON TH E STR O LL Incestuous Rape/Sexual Abuse of Children: 12 pages. 3 articles. Alix Kates Shulman $2.50 Robin arrives in New York on a Battered Women: 18 pages. 6 bus from Maine. She has no articles - on Halfway House, prospects, little money, and is a why women stay in violent re perfect target. Virago, $12.95 lationships, wife murder. $3.10 LIGHT A PENNY CANDLE Coming up: Backpacks on les PLEASE ENCLOSE 50c bians. Maori women and more. PER BOOK FOR POSTAGE Maeve Bincy An enjoyable and readable story of 20 years in the lives of ORDER FORM two women. Elizabeth is Eng Please send these books: lish and Aisling is Irish. Coronet, $7.95 MRS PALFREY AT THE CLAREMONT and THE SLEEPING BEAUTY VIRGINIA WOOLF Elizabeth Taylor Winifred Holtby Two novels from the author who The author of South Riding has been called the “Jane Au writes a critical memoir of her sten of this centurv". Virago, brilliant contemporary. $9.95 each Academy Press. $4.95 AN ANGEL AT MY TA BLE My name is ...... Janet Frame My address is: ...... Volume two of this sensitive and enthralling autobiography. 1 enclose (including 50c packing and postage per book) $ Hutchinsons,$24.95 Hdbk. SUBSCRIPTION I would also like a $24 subscription for myself □, for my friend □, to sustain Broadsheet ($35) □, other rates on the Contents page: . . . My name is: ...... •••••...... My address is: ...... Send to Broadsheet, PO Box 5799 Wellesley Street, Auckland, or MOVEMENT call at 43 Anzac Avenue between 9-5.30 Weekdays, 10 -1 Saturdays. Valerie Miner Captures in chapters that read Phone 794-751 for other orders or enquiries. like stories. Susan's life as draft Broadsheet, September 1984. 3 9 M MORE LETTERS from page 4 tile women and men and wish to issues not only for feminists but showed photographs of "girl” sol reply to this question and com for all of society now and in the fu diers, “girl” doctors, and an PATIENTS RIGHTS ment on other points raised in the ture. We do not believe that this "Arab mother". GROUP article. should mean that their use be dis When a teacher referred to a "Radical Feminists conceived continued. Rather, that they woman as being a "bird” I ob Dear Broadsheet, of liberation from childbearing.” should be considered with other jected and told him I didn’t think This is let you know that a Patients We have not been able to conceive medical treatments in a health sys he should talk like that as it of Rights Group has been started or bear the children we want, but tem where the sociological and fended me. He then told me that here in Auckland. we do not feel liberated. The political factors of who controls he would say anything he wanted At the moment we are a very reason for this is not that we feel them and who gets the benefits and that I had no rights to tell him small group based at the Women's inadequate, unfulfilled misfits in a from them and what “hype" the what he could say, that he was a Centre in Ponsonby. We are be patriarchal society, but because media prints about them and teacher and if 1 didn’t like it it was coming involved with other we have been denied the right to should be examined in total. too bad. groups, such as the Health Com choose whether we shall bear chil We would also comment on the How can I expect to get an mittee of the Auckland District dren or not. Our bodies do not illustration which accompanied equal education when I am still Council of Social Services. function as we anticipated or logi the article. This kind of totally in taught by rules made up by white, We are aiming at getting broad cally believed they would. The accurate, emotive pictorial mis middle-class men? community support in an effort to technologies of IVF and AID representation is parallel to those Dani Frost (Ms) bring about some tangible practice do not offer a cure to our illustrations used by anti-abortion Auckland changes in the area of Patients infertility, but they do offer us a organisations attempting to Rights, and would eventually like choice to be able to conceive and shock, and to stop abortion. We to see more groups around Auck GOODBYE PRINCE bear children. We have lost con deplore the use of those tactics in CHARMING land and other districts. trol of our bodies but these the anti-abortion debate and won Below are some guidelines that techniques give it back to us. der why Broadsheet would resort Dear Broadsheet, we are going to start out following We would agree that little has to those methods. Have come to a few good deci (thanks to Christchurch Patients been done in the past to prevent sions and resolutions and realiza Rights) but these will no doubt and treat infertility. The reasons Deirdre Stewart tions today. No more hoping for change and extend as time goes for this, we believe, are complex Secretary, Auckland Infertility the "knight in shining armour” by. and may have to do with the fact Society, P.O. Box 68428, Auck and trying to make the most un land. 1. To act as a support group for that health care is very closely likely people into Prince Charm those wanting to make a specific ing and getting very hurt and dis linked with the broader EDUCATION complaint by: providing informa framework of inequalities in ad appointed when I realise he’s not. tion on procedures for letters of vanced industrial societies. Dear Broadsheet, Neither am I a lady. I'm a woman. complaint; accompanying people Infertility continues to be incor I am a High School student who is It's odd when the realization hits on visits to health professionals as rectly associated only with women taking typing as a School Certifi you that the illusion of romance appropriate. and this too may be a significant cate subject. Throughout the year and “true love” colour even those 2. To act as a support group for factor in the politics of funding in I have had to put up with sexist of us who pride ourselves on our people wishing to share their ex fertility research; it is a hidden dis stereotyping in the text books. liberatedness. I am not talking in a periences in the health system. ease and until recently the num These include statements like, a derisory way about real love at all. 3. To meet with members of the bers of people experiencing it secretary should always keep What I am saying is so often we health professions (nurses, doc were not known. HER typewriter clean as HER fool ourselves with the illusions of tors etc) over issues relating to pa Those who argue that attending boss will have had to spend a lot of true love. Love whenever it hap tient care in general. to the prevention of pelvic infec money on it. Throughout the year pens is very very special. It's 4. To correspond with and open tions will prevent infertility do a I have had to change Chairman to something that is not always your up channels of communication be disservice to women by emphasis Chairperson, Man to Humans . . . choice. But in my 28 years I have tween our hospital board, medical ing the myth that infertility is a and have just about been brain rarely witnessed true love or ex association etc, regarding policy, women's disease and that pelvic washed into believing only women perienced it either. Although proceedures, complaints and so infection is the cause of all infertil are secretaries, women who take often deluded myself I was ex forth. ity. A male factor is present in at typing want to be secretaries, men periencing it. 5. To deal with specific questions least 40% of infertility and dam are our bosses. There is no Mr Wonderful. I relating to patient’s individual age to fallopian tubes through in I have been told that if I change have a feeling now that I have rights e.g. what documents and re fection is the cause of only a small Man to Humans etc in an exam I properly assimilated that I will cords the patient has a right to see proportion of inferility. will lose marks. While typing old breathe a lot easier in my involve etc. The technology of IVF & Pitmans exams I found the follow ments with men. Also to realise 6. To prepare information pam AID not only provide some of us ing passage: that all relationships don’t neces phlets for patients on the use of for whom this treatment is ap “The numbers 40-35-34 may sarily involve sex. That in being a the medical system, to help pa propriate with the choice of con conjure up visions of an attractive woman “relatedness” is much tients make optimal use of the ceiving and bearing children but female figure, but to the officials more important to me. And sex doctor patient relationship. also go a long way to finding the of one of the leading commercial doesn't always involve relatedness If you have any research, pam causes of all infertility. This, of banks in Jersey they represent the at all. I have had many excellent phlets, or information that could course, must come before the national cheque Sorting Code friendships based on relatedness be of use to us we would love to problems of prevention and treat Number. This piece of factual in and will continue to do so. But a see whatever you have. ment can be tackled. In addition formation will probably be of not sexual involvment often has its es these procedures may give us, as the slightest value to you, even if sential element as physical attrac Trisha Mellor tion culminating in sexual involve Patients Rights Group, 63 Pon individuals, answers for our in you are on holiday in the Channel fertility. When we know why our Isles, but if you should be thinking ment. I may sound very dull and sonby Road. Auckland 1, P.O. boring in my old age but I really Box 47090, Ph 764-506. bodies do not function as expected of a present for a female friend or and we know why we cannot give relative, you may find the follow expect a lot more out of life. And quite often it demands changing a INFERTILITY birth to the children we long to ing . . ." perspective. bring into the world we feel better Many students sit these exams. Dear Broadsheet, able to attend to the grief of the in I refused to do the question and This has just been a very pers Phillida Bunkle in her article fertility experience and can at had it been the exam paper for this onal rave. I would be interested in “Manufacturing Motherhood", tempt to become liberated from year I would have lost 20 marks hearing other women's views Broadsheet April 1984, asks the bereavement of lack of choice. for not doing it. I intend to to write about their attitudes to relation “Does this technology (IVF & We are aware that the a letter to them. ships and relatedness. AID) serve the interest of infertile techniques (like other medical I also take History, and while Karen Smith women?” We are a group of infer- practices) raise moral and ethical studying Palestine the text books Auckland 4 0 Broadsheet, September 1 9 8 4 . HO g Wa Sh Auckland’s prosu^ A Police believeDeiievc!Ve “a senesseries !£.v/<2nj-vcniny 7 *} T ofinnercityrap^andbeat o! innerdty S e n 4 F r ~ o e t • lgs I may v be a;attributed y rihpd ^ th|S assailant, described as ^not-bellied busine^man. - % e police source told tho “Star” they feared the S a„ would mistakenly " ^ t d o e s w e £ke an innocent worn*.as bis next victim and kill her. Se.m<^ u o u r o o ^ r'tb u 'F ic D ri.s T® " d Z'. t h T H 'S d a r l i n g ? Br-ood sh eet Box 5" 7 9 9 toe office J j * ^?,ks’ she's only Auobio»r>d. ** h T C > and °P|nec, For men only ZS/& I& 4- se^ir-vf W y Are you man enough for this machine? R e b b e e c c c r oc o® t K c X k t o s U . AM/FM sound in an interior so sexycdvi i tnthere’so r o c probably a law against it. And she goes like the clappers. We’ve got one only at Fairhall Motors Kaikohe, L. M.V . D. Jf. Wimps need not apply. A**? tx a 1 SAutomotive s s S repairs S jK asPe«s a of Jackie, She Won, cars/ Af 3% month^e touching w',f ^ confined ( o f h e o ^ n a n t 9 ^ aAI For your bonJhanl< G° 0dnessl to * or 5 li- 2t o nk[n9 Phone 36778 ^ * 5en i by_ X . O B L e - s \e y t Yo-iridl -I Li ^ “rcU o n 1" ' f9og>i~cr-cxv~ An excellent live-in position for a married couple without ties. Wife can run the hostel while Sex-?r°ved husband follows his own profession. ski pants Written applications close on August 6th, 1984. •nVtant s^pathV ESSEX HOSTEL LTD., C/- P 0. BOX 13-207, CHRISTCHURCH, £5~ ln 6 r0Vin 5 e o T b y 7 N\T c2_o Lc^ O u .r^ 2 _ finouple^ P°Biti°n Our' 'Hn Broadsheet, September 1984. 41 Strokes and art Attacks NARRATIVES OF WOMEN raced home from demonstrations Regazza and Radio Phoenix. But The Auckland Film______to put on the kids' tea. In bed, two how? And to what end? As the □ Festival naked lovers short-circuited voy radio announcers become more “Perhaps the most extraordinary euristic cinema conventions bv political and supportive of the feature of this year’s Film Festival If I owned a television I’d get talking politics not love. Women's Army they increasingly was the presence of two films videos of On Guard and Bom in Because we believe the world lapse into the same kind of about lesbians made by men. If Flames and plav them for mvself Lambert creates, her narrative is rhetoric, the leaders of the “re the Auckland Film Festival had when I was feeling low about the convincing and compelling. The solution” preach to the nation continued along its path of recent world or about feminism. film's street movie style, all rush on television. Adelaide Norris, a- years this would not have been Feminist escapism. Fantasy-fulfil and jumble with disregard for Women's Army leader ahead of surprising, and they would have ling adventures to make vou pretty camera angles, was a clever her time, sees the need for real been soft-core exploitation films cheer. As audiences did when the way of turning a tight budget to ar guns and makes links with North shown on Friday nights and at late two films played at the Auckland tistic advantage. African rebels. With her assassina sessions. But Auckland’s Film Film Festival. Not for the pro Born in Flames too makes lack tion the Women's Armv becomes Festival is this year under new tagonists of these films the an of money work for it. It uses the even more scattered, turgid and management and had substan guished armchair discussion of structure of the political hit and miss. "If you opened a tially the same programme as the means and ends, political correc documentary, to make us believe door to your enemy would you Wellington Film Festival. All that t i v e or being accountable to the in the struggles of a Women’s rather see a lion or 100 mice com lingered of the old festival was the movement. They act first, work Army which takes on the task of ing through?" asks Flo Kennedy still for Karoly Makk’s Another ing their politics out on the run, achieving a revolution for women who plays Zella Wylie, a Way: a nude woman being em taking initiatives, leadership, buy ten years after “the most peaceful Women’s Army leader in the film. braced on a bed was the first pic ing dynamite and guns. Acting revolution the world has ever 100 mice she concludes and that ture to meet the eye when you first, postmorteming not at all. known" has turned into yet more seems to the director Lizzie Bor opened Auckland’s brochure, Heady stuff. of the same. The film cuts from den's theme song. Myself, I think whereas the same film was illus In the Australian-made On- event to event, from person to he'd walk over the 100 mice. A trated . by a head-and-shoulders Guard four feminists set out to place at a furious pace, accumulat lion would look him the eye. picture of one of the protagonists sabotage the plans of a multina ing images that bounce off each If Born in Flames is deficient as in Wellington’s programme. tional firm engaged in reproduc other. Especially unexpected, a model for action, it provides Neither Another Way nor John tive engineering. They plot to then amusing, was the shot of two models for feminist co-operation Sayles Lianna could be classed as penetrate deep into the research female hands rolling a condom on and unity that enters fantasy-land. exploitation films however, but head-quarters of Utero (a brilliant an erect penis as one of a staccato (Well, this whole film is. re careful, thoughtful films about the name that), and set off explosive sequence of shots of women's member, fantasy land). Leaders “problem” of lesbianism. As any devices to destroy the records. hands at work. These hands slip ol the Women's Army are black, readers of or about the lesbian Along the way the film sets out the ped the rubber on as briskly and but they work side by friction-free trashy novel will know, the first horrifying possibilities contained efficiently as the previous hands side with white women, requirement of any narrative of a in being able to manufacture had wrapped chicken legs in plas heterosexuals links arms with les lesbian affair is that it must end foetuses by male order, but the tic film. Women's work? Whv not! bians. even the socialist women unhappily. Particularly, it must main narrative is a straightfor Well Born in Flames was like who initially regard the Women's end unhappily for the fluffy- ward girl detective story with a that. Politically wise, with a real army as revisionist join ranks in haired ostensibly straight married science fiction twist. wicked wit. the end. Dream on. woman who has been seduced by How they did it was clever and The revolution had failed to Born in Flames is a feminist the close-cropped dyke. She will daring and great fun for the audi bring about full employment: for dreaming at a level where we can be doing a man’s job in a man’s ence as each audacious part of the women and blacks it still meant believe it. It takes what we know world and be threatening to male plan fell into place. Their earlier special work programmes, food one step further. Just 10 years characters. Both these films com bickering and bungling had stamps and garbage in the streets. ahead. It's a grab bag of people plied, I suspect unwittingly, in brought me to the faithless expec Women are raped and hassled but and happenings held together by a that I am sure each director con tation that they would get caught, asked to put aside their concerns bold music track and visuallv bv gratulated himself on his sensitiv or at least muck it up. It was a sur for the good of the revolution. Be the sequences in the radio sta ity. (Indeed, in an interview pub prise, but a happy one to see the cause this post-revolutionary fu tions. I liked it a lot. I wouldn't lished in the Monthly Film Bulle final credits roll onto the screen as ture is so indistinguishable from want to be part of such a women’s tin Sayles is at pains to point out our four heroines drive off against the present, the film has things to revolution, but I suspect if one what a good reception he got from the firey ball of Utero going up. say about feminist politics right comes, that's what it will be like.D gay America and is clearly puzzled Filmmaker Susan Lambert now. The women seem to floun Sandra Coney by “the really hostile response we cleverly builds the tension bv der as mueh as feminists now do. making the saboteurs readily rec Theirs is an anarchistic resis ognisable as ordinary old tance. relying on scattered zap ac feminists. They looked like, lived tions. A woman attacked by two like, loved like the people I street hoods is saved in the nick of know. And had conversations I've time by a cavalry-like charge of heard. before. Amelia (Liddy whistle-blowing women on bicy Clark) and Diana (Jan Cornwall) cles. The city is agog and alarmed ending a swim at the local pool by by this Women's Army. Like con sourly bickering about who was temporary feminists their aim most overloaded with work had a seems to be psychological con familiar tone for a feminist frontation and change, but does viewer. this lead to real changes in who These terrorists were no Hol holds power and an improvement lywood glamour girls with high in the material conditions for heels and guns in the handbag, nor women? Born in Flames doesn't Bader-Meinhof copies with de answer that. fiant faces. Like real feminists, Rebel, rebel, rebel, exhort the they worked at ordinary jobs and Women's radio stations Radio 4 2 Broadsheet, September 1984. got from a few people at the Lon feel to give some human interest don Film Festival "). to a political tale, even to allow Another Way is set in Hun the political tale to be told because gary in the years immediately fol the focus of the film seemed to be lowing the 1956 uprising. It tells on a suitably doomed love story. the story of Eva, a journalist who Although the screenplay for has been out of work for two years Another Way was by the woman as a result of her part in events; in who wrote the original novel, a lift Eva eyes blond bombshell Erzsebet Galgoczi. there is one Livia, and when she is given a job gaffe it did not escape: when the on the newspaper which the build police officer who interrogates ing houses who should she be Eva about her relationship with sharing an office with but Livia. Livia asks her the stock question. Livia is present at editorial meet Eva, in exasperation, finally re ings. and Makk shows her growing plies "we put our fingers up”! interest in Eva by making her use No such gaffe mars Lianna: al the mirror of her powder-compact though the furious abandoned for covert glances at Eva. In these husband does ask. his wife replies meetings the short-haired Eva is that "she touches me where you aggressive, chain-smokes, and is do". Lianna comes across like a uncompromising in saying that the textbook, a filmed After you're look at her with that I-know-that- -*The Topp Twins whose latest show, newspaper must report truth, not out or Positively any (indeed, the you-know smile of secret under presented at Mercury 2, Auckland, for party uplift. Livia’s husband, an word "lesbians" is never used, ex standing. This was the one sequ a short season, once again proved that army officer, is conveniently away cept when Lianna's 13-vear-old ence which didn’t seem to be an their exuberant comic talent can be for much of the film, and the son comes up with it, but his father used to focus on serious issues as well as outsider's view like the rest. Fin making us laugh. If you get the chance women fall into each others arms in says he mustn't call his mother ally Lianna has lost everything, if to see them, take it. (Photograph by a cafe, where excess of alcohol that). Lianna, married to a lec on a more bourgeois, domestic Gil Hanly).D Renee could easily excuse Livia. turer at a small College, dropped scale than Livia or Eva, but she is The editor rejects a story of out of university to marry him be able to renew her friendship with wife of one of her colleages. Eva’s because it is too critical; in cause it would have been awkward Sandy, who comforts her when Franz, a lecturer in peace studies, the process of socialist reconstruc for him to be married to one of his Ruth leaves. The women can now and she saves Ruth from suicide. tion it is better to let some sleeping students. There are more ways say "I love you”, but only in the This creates an emotional bond dogs lie. Eva resigns and goes than the obvious one for male lec context of platonic friendship. At between the two women, as home to her mother. At this point turers to oppress female students, a humanistic level the reaffirma shown in the frequent flashback to Livia follows her and the two and Sayles politics are aware of tion of friendship rounded off the the scene where Olga comes upon women finally become lovers. feminist issues in a way that tale in a satisfying way; relations Ruth in the darkened cellar, (Perhaps the companionable Makk's are not. Lianna and her between women are more com heightened only by the use of rather than erotic lovemaking is a best friend Sandy, another faculty plex than the aristotelian division background music. Ruth paints, point where the director might wife, enrol in a night class in child into lovers and not-lovers. but she is onlv able to do imita congratulate himself on his sen psychology taught by Ruth, The sheer intensity of relations tions of the masters in black-and- sitivity). When Livia returns to blond, close-cropped, a successful between women has been Mar- white. as eloquent an image for Budapest and tells her husband career woman, a professor with garethe von Trotta's theme in her woman artists as the recurring re she wants to leave him he shoots tenure, on loan from another uni last three films, of which we saw ferences to Gundcrrode's suicide. her. Eva visits Livia in hospital, versity. The contrast: Lianna's the most recent. Heller Wahn Franz encourages their only to be rejected once more. husband Dick, whose failure to (Labour of Love). This is an inten friendship, and Ruth begins to Unable to bear this, she heads for gain tenure rankles with him sity which rises above lesbian or come out of her shell, to the point the border and certain death. The throughout the film. After one of not-lesbian male vision which can where she and Franz throw a party film ends where it began, for the the quickest seduction scenes I've only see women in terms of un which has a wonderful sequence in finding of the body opens the film, ever witnessed. Ruth and Lianna qualified sexual preference. which Olga sings "Will you still which is told in straight flashback fall in love. Here again the ab Trotta’s film is made from a def love me tomorrow", leaning over after a sequence showing the hys sence of the husband, allowing inite feminist standpoint, whereas the upright piano gazing at terical, paralysed Livia wailing this to happen, is crucial: Dick is Sayles is the informed and sym Alexej. thus prompting her hus that she will never be able to have at the Toronto Film Festival. pathetic observer, like his objec band's furious expression. She is a child, who will want her now? When Lianna asks for a separa tive camera. Labour of Love con joined by Ruth so starts singing to The moral is clear: if you are a tion she is playing right into the cerns Olga (the successful profes Ruth, whereupon it is Franz' face woman, you can't win. If you are a faithless Dick's hands (implied: sor again, lecturing from a which is distorted by jealousy, and dyke, you will be hounded out of would she have turned to women feminist stance on the Germanic then Alexej looks up from the your job, your country, out of life if Dick had been a loving husband romantic poet Karoline von Gun- keyboard and sees the two itself. And if you take up with a and not the male chauvinist who derrode): although a short-haired women’s intense gaze at each dyke, denying men what is right expects his wife to do research for blond: Olga is not the predatory other, whereupon his complacent fully theirs, you will suffer the him?). Dick throws her out. but dyke but a mother, separated expression is abruptlv removed consequences and deny yourself Ruth too has her position to think from her nervy theatrical-pro also. Very much foreground the only thing that is rightfully of and can't risk Lianna moving in ducer husband and living with an music, narrative without words, a yours: children. Lesbianism is with her. Lianna gets a grotty flat out-of-work Russian pianist narrative told by human expres used as a metaphor for rejection and a job as a supermarket Alexej and her teenage son. Al- sions. of socialism although when the cashier, her children are alienated readv the relationships are less Olga finally arranges a show of party cadre refers to Eva as "that and finally Ruth leaves to go home schematic, and Olga is bound by Ruth's coloured paintings, lesbian bitch” we are not sure to her old love Jan. Not before ties of affection and dependence abstracts which she keeps hidden whether it is her politics or her some classic coming-out scenes: to many people. Her relationships in a cellar. Franz however refuses sexuality that infuriates him more. the visit to the lesbian bar ("what do not come to an end. she cannot to let Ruth have this show, saying Another Way has been hailed as a if anyone sees me!”), the aliena like Livia. declare "you don't in that it was after her brother's first very courageous film to come out tion of normal friends, rep terest me any more": she goes to show that he committed suicide, of Eastern Europe (unlike resented by Sandy, and the affir watch her husband's rehearsal thus precipitating Ruth's mental Wajda's Danton which used the mation of gav identity, in a charm when he needs her emotional sup unbalance. Franz fears for Ruth's French revolution as a symbol for ing sequence where the now-trou port, and with him visits his sanity: he would rather have a de current Poland); the lesbian ele sered Lianna walks along the brother in the south of France. pendent black-and-white woman ment in the film has been used I street and looks at women who There she meets Ruth, the shy that a free woman using all the Broadsheet, September 1984. 4 3 possibilities of the spectrum. So mg at the end of the film is one of works was a little difficult: there her hands in 3-D, her legs of cut he tells Ruth that arrangements the most optimistic of any of was a discrepancy between the out and painted card, extending have fallen through, and that Olga Trotta's films, because a woman text’s straight-forward gratitude forward into space and her “attri has shown an interest in Ruth onlv has acted for herself. and the criticism inherent in bute” - fluffy slippers - fluffing because he asked her to. Ruth 1 don't know if there is a rigidly limited images. This was out over the frame and into the does attempt suicide. As a get- feminist aesthetic in narrative conveyed by aspects of the works viewer's space. In this piece the well present a somewhat remorse film: it may be simply Trotta's di like the set expression on her face, woman wears a real crocheted ful Franz (a human, not a total rection of actors that imparts the the predictably narrow range of shawl, an indication, with details ogre like Sayles's Dick) allows her peculiarly rich emotional colour activities, her taste in clothes and like the real patchwork quilt in the to go to Egypt with Olga, and it is to her films. Where this film says ornaments. In a conversation with woman-in-bed scene, of Shona there that Ruth really comes into more to me about relationships Shona Boys I was interested to Boys’ concern, shared with other her own. telling Egyptian girls between women than either of the learn that her “mother” was an feminist artists, of reclaiming and about German women artists with films made by men is that Trotta amalgam of two “matriarchal” fi re-evaluating women's traditional all Olga's aplomb. On their wav knows the difference between gures from her childhood, women arts. The artist has obviously had home again at the farmhouse in power and strength, and she who were rigidly opinionated in a great fun with these works, cheek the south of France there is an knows from the inside that women very negative and destructive ily substituting nails for needles in ugly scene in which Franz acuses live in a web of emotional interac sense. The caring concerns, the the knitting scene, giving her Olga of alienating his wife, and tions and that relating is neither everyday domestic realities of woman-in-bed real cotton wool Olga retorts with some home simple nor dialectical - she loves such a person are indeed shown, rollers, including a butterfly orna truths (you're afraid because she's me/she loves me not. As to but revealed also is what can be ment on the parasol in the sunba more talented that you), and even whether there is a genuine lesbian the inhibiting inflexibility of this thing scene, where the woman is Olga's fluffy sister-in-law Erika aesthetic in film, we will just have type of person. painted with illusionistic daubs of joins battle on the side of the to wait until Barbara Hammer This ambiguity is an important sunblock on her nose and shoul women. Returning to Berlin Olga gets here in September to find and engaging aspect of these der. discovers Alexej has left her be out.D works. The artist obviously enjoys These works were strong in con cause he feels smothered, and Fiona Me Alpine. sliding in and out of illusionism, tent as a series, if their style, their Ruth shoots Franz. At her trial all realism and the use of mock-up construction was a little uneven. she says is that Olga is her friend PAINTING/ and real objects. The doll-house But it wasn’t until speaking with and she thanks her for her help, CONSTRUCTION effect of many of the works re Shona Boys that her reference to and Olga both looks somewhat by Shona Boys _____ minded me of a seminal work the “battered and second-hand” alarmed, and yet smiles just from the early days of the aspect of the works took on more slightly. Shona Boys’ current display of Women’s Art Movement in ominous connotations. The set of The film is rich in symbols: eleven painting/constructions at America: Miriam Schapiro and works, she said, and the text of a Ruth's recurrent visions in black- Birkenhead Public Library held in Sherry Brody’s “Doll-House” in book they were originally in and-white of her secret self, her conjunction with Mother’s Day the Los Angeles “Womanhouse”, tended to accompany (The Scone cellar-studio (another cellar) and shares a focus with an important a work which also functioned Strike) were partly destroyed by her body swinging from a rope. strand of art in the Women’s partly as a critique of the con her husband. Two works were to This contrasts with the simple nar Movement. The artists “mother” straints of domesticity. tally ruined. Apparently the hus rative style of the other two films. or “mother-type” (not her own) is ■ From a purely aesthetic view band felt extreme anger at her in Savles eschews even flashback, shown in the roles available to a cer point the most effective works for volvement with “that silly except for one sequence in which tain type of middle-class suburban me in Boys’ display were those woman”, denounced her choice of Lianna observes a (heterosexual) middle-aged-to-elderly woman: where she experimented more topic as “trivial” and “a waste of erotic dance which is intercut with domestic “duties”, the outings to subtly with visual ambiguity. Her time”. Boys subsequently left her her memories of being in bed with church, theatre and bowls. These seated knitting woman for in husband and reconstituted as Ruth. Jill Forbes wrote in the are small works made up of an often stance had the armchair as a flat many as possible of the works. I Monthly Film Bulletin that both curious and lively combination of cut-out shape glued to the real was reminded of New Zealand ar Olga and Franz are "narcissists painted image with miniaturized wallpaper background, the tist Edith Collier, whose paintings feeding off the insecurities of the objects. Initially the works struck woman’s head and hair painted, of nudes were burnt by her father creative artists they keep as pets”; me as a kind of series of wittily this fails to distinguish between kitsch feminist folk art icons, par Franz' (loving) suffocation of ticularly those where the woman Ruth and Olga's making room for gazes directly out at the viewer. Alexej: his grand piano is not rele They have aroused a great deal of gated to the cellar, and when he interest within the library setting. asks if he and his noisy Russian Children especially love the tiny friends can rehearse in her flat objects in the works and regularly there is only the shortest hesita choose their “favourite mother” - tion before she says "of course". It or feel free to criticise the “un is the temperament of the male friendly” or the “lazy” mother (in that cannot take the support Olga the one image in which she is de can give because of the superiority picted sunbathing!) of her social role; when the roles In a text accompanying the dis dependent-protector are reversed play the artist says: “I have made men cannot live with it. these pictures for you (her We do not either win or lose; in mother) for Mother’s Day. I am all situations we both win and sorry they are so battered and sec lose. In losing, Ruth was winning ond-hand looking but like you in that she, like many "mad" they have seen many-troubled women, was keeping her person times . . . I just want to say a thank ality intact as best she knew how. you for all the washing, cooking, In shooting her husband, Ruth is ironing, dusting, sewing, knitting, still winning, though she loses sweeping, dishes, scrubbing, car both him and her freedom. She af rying, picking-up. shopping and firms her friendship for Olga now of course all the babv publicly in court where it cannot sitting! be denied or negated (the whole Teaming up the sentiment in truth and nothing but?); the feel- the text with the effect of the 4 4 Broadsheet, September 1984. in 1921. Ghastly that there were “Even Prospero . . . had suf seen to he restrictions on subject- fered shipwreck and selfwreck; his matter thought proper for women island was unreachable except artists then; totally horrifying that through the storm.”□ in 1984 the chosen subject-matter Helen Courtney of a woman artist can still extract such destructive rage from a man., TH E P R IC E OF S A LT ,______The only positive fact to be Claire Morgan,______gleaned from this incident (apart Naiad Press 1984, from Shona Boys' own courage $13.95*______and determination and that many of the works have survived) is I had to keep reminding myself surely that our emerging visual while I was reading this book that language, our new woman-cent it was published as long ago as content in images is vitally sig 1952. Far from the butch-femme nificant, that whatever level of roles of the time, characterised in stylistic sophistication or cultural literature by lesbians with mas intervention these works operate culine names doomed to a life at they can be not only challenging tragedy, The Price of Salt covers but extremely subversive and many themes strongly relevant to threatening to a male-defined lesbians today. Differences of society. □ Elizabeth Eastmond class and age between lovers, non monogamy and lesbian mothers AN ANGEL AT MY TABLE, are only some of the subjects. Janet Frame, On the whole it works, mainly Hutchinsons 1984, because of Claire Morgan’s skilful $24.95* writing style. For example, Therese’s description of working “The future accumulates like a at the department store articulates weight upon the past.” Thus be the drudgery many women experi gins Frame’s second volume of ence: auto-biography which follows To “It was the waste actions, the The Is-land, an exposition of the meaningless chores that seemed beauties and terrors of her child to keep her from doing what she hood. hundred times “each the equiva stay with her sister June and fam wanted to do, might have done ... An Angel at my Table deals lent, in degree of fear, to an ily. There she meets Frank Sarge- It reminded her of conversations with her life during the forties and execution, and in the process hav son who invites her to stay in his at tables, on sofas, with people fifties as a young adult - sensitive, ing my memory shredded . . . sub army hut to work at her writing. It whose words seemed to hover insecure and “cruelly innocent” to jected to proposals to have myself is a rewarding friendship which over dead, unstirrable things, who the ways of the world. As a stu changed by a physical operation, gives Frame the space to write never touched a string that dent at Otago University and into a more acceptable, amena Owls Do Cry; published in 1957, played." (page 5) Teacher'sTraining College she re ble, normal person . . Winning the first book to gain her interna The Price of Salt appeals to the vels in the intellectual life but is in the Hubert Church Award for tional attention. Her portrait of romantic (in the positive sense of tensely shy. This deepens her best prose for her book of stories Sargeson is revealing and affec the word) in every lesbian without sense of isolation, of being an out The Lagoon is all that prevented tionate. However, she “felt con falling into the trap of building a sider trying to “learn the lan her from undergoing a stantly hurt by his implied nega sugary utopia for dykes where guage” of normal social discourse. leucotomy. tion of a woman’s body”. His dis we’re all supposed to live in per She allies herself with the poets. Her friend Nola was not so like of “feminine fripperies” “re fect and unending harmony. “After learning Shelley . . . I an lucky. “The legacy of her de minded me of my father and his, “. . . If she simply asked, she nounced to myself and to anyone humanising change remains no ‘What do you want clothes for? thought, Carol would let her sleep who might be interested that I ‘be doubt with all those who knew You’ve got a perfectly good tonight in the same bed with her. lieved’ in ‘free love’ and her; I have it with me always.” school uniform’.” She wanted more than that,to kiss ‘polygamy’ - I, grasping the abun Frame’s struggle to own her Self With Sargeson’s support she her, to feel their bodies next to dance when I was not even in sight makes her aware of the losses sus gains a grant from the Literary each other’s. Therese thought of of the pittance!” tained by others. Her perception Fund to travel overseas to gain the two girls she had seen in the In 1945, during her probation of how women especially are sepa “experience”. Once more she sub Palermo bar. They did that she ary year teaching, Frame simply rated from their imaginations by mits passively to. the plans of knew, and more. And would walks out of the classroom when domesticity gives the book a others. Another journey, a new Carol suddenly thrust her way in the school inspector arrives. feminist sensibility. "I seemed to “destination”. disgust, if she merely wanted to Nearly 21, she is unable to recon be a ‘born’ servant. The know The book is concerned with a hold her in her arms? And would cile the grimy (but essential) de ledge frightened me: 1 was behav series of journeys factual and whatever affection Carol now had tails of earning a living and doing ing as my mother had done all the figurative. As a circle is completed for her vanish in that instant? A vi her writing. She attempts suicide years I had known her, and I was it is taken up again in another sion of Carol’s cold rebuff swept by aspro: it doesn’t work. Advised enjoying my role: I could erase form. Lives end and life goes on. her courage clean away. It crept then, (by herself) to give up teach myself completely and live only A difficult book to write especially back humbly in the question, ing she spends the next eight years through the feelings of others.” when some memories have been couldn’t she ask simply to sleep in in and out of mental hospitals; suf One of the most moving aspects shattered by shock treatment. Not the same bed with her? fering not from the disease of of the book is the account of her a book that produces confidence “Carol, would you mind - ” mental illness but from the inhu relationship with her mother - in mental health experts. “Tomorrow we'll go to the stoc man treatment for it. “For the first time . . . I saw her as There is nothing obscure about kyards,” Carol said at the same Frame writes that she has co a person. . . . What had we done to the writing; this gifted author is time, and Therese burst out laugh vered this period of her life in her, each of us, day after day, year very clear about the connections ing.” (page 177) more detail in her book Faces in after year, that we had washed and disconnections between her Therese and Carol have faults the Water. She claims she was away her evidence of self, all the life and her work. Brilliant, sensi and their relationship goes never insane, never even furniture from her own room tive and perceptive it reads as a through a succession of ups and examined, and yet was given elec Finally discharged from hospi kind of triumph of timidity and ta downs. At times both women’s ac tric shock treatment over two tal the author goes to Auckland to lent. tions could only be described as stupid by the reader removed taloupe-sized breasts.” Mother is the Princess does what she wants Kay Trimberger), examines the from the situation but the success a Vernan, an "inexperienced child and not what anyone else wants failure of three couples to enact a of this book is that like in a good of 45,” and is smuggled to Earth unless it is the law.D new relation between the sexes. film you want to tell the characters by father, where she promply gets Nicola Jackson. "Capitalism and Gay Identity,” not to do this or that because you pregnant because she wouldn’t (John D’Emilio) is an eloquent, care about them. take the pill “that hasn’t been able DESIRE; The politics off convincing treatise on the twen I won’t ruin the suspense by de to be perfected in all these three Sexuality, Editors: tieth century visibility of the gay scribing the ending; it's enough to hundred years.” Ann Snitow, community. “Hearts of Dark say that at various stages it’s tempt Since “Vernans do not require Christine Stansell ness” (Barbara Omolade) ing to flick to the back page! The an interminable nine months for Sharon Thompson, explores the impact of white pre afterword from the author is also gestation” because “mother gives Virago 1983, $19.95* judice on black sexuality. very interesting as it places the birth in her fifth month - to nine Third, the writing which deals novel in the context of its time. girls; Father disappears into a “As we create masculinity and fe with sexual issues confronting the I found this book enjoyable for black hole when they are 16, but movement now after two decades lots of reasons. It's worth having minity, so we make love. Sexual they’re not unduly upset, since he ity is a construct.” of public posturing, debate, your own copy if only for herstori- hasn’t really been part of their pa There is great diversity in the theorising and pain asks to what cal interest and the numerous pas renting anyway. contributions in this volume; it is extent female sexuality has been sages worth quoting. All nine of them turn out to be divided into six sections with each lost, or at best hidden, amidst the The movie rights for The Price scholastically and professionally piece loosely based around its sec politicization of passion and sex of Salt were sold but the film was excellent, and Mother opts to tion’s heading; Current Con ual choice. “Is the Gaze Male" (E never made. Perhaps its not too educate them at home rather than Ann Kaplin) is a provocative dis late?D troversies; The Capitalist run the risk of nosy questions Paradox: Expanding and Con cussion of the erotic nature of vio Chris Atmore. about her girls. Their livelihood is tracting Pleasures; Sexual Re lence and pornography. "What accounted for by the investment volutions; The Institution of we’re roiling around in bed with: counselling Daughter Isis gives to Heterosexuality; Domination, Sexual silences in Feminism” by Mother; with trepidation, the by Submission and the Unconscious; Amber Hollibaugh and Cherrie now young women go out into the On Sexual Openness.The writings Moraga frames questions about world, worrying about hiding range from poetry to discursive and opens for discussion the sex their gifts. But they don’t have to prose to personal reflections. ual impulses of the authors, les worry, they’re scarcely noticed, Their link is a commitment to dis bian lovers, and in so doing "..we had one overwhelming ad covering “the complexities of mo touches on aspects of domination- vantage; we were women,” says tive, the interrelation of private submission. In “The New Minerva, the daughter who is the and public experience, the uncon Feminism of Yin and Yang” Alice historian who documents this scious attitudes we all have”. Echols looks at the simplicity of saga. I see three major strengths. some arguments about feminist The daughters, and Mother, First, the creative passages which morality and examines fantasy, embark on a plan of causing a touch a raw nerve, trigger a switch repression and sexual choice. female population explosion. of recognition. “A girl and her The pivot of the book for me is They're successful at that, but not dog,” (Alix Kates Schulman) of Adrienne Rich’s “Compulsory at breaking the stranglehold of the DAUGHTERS OF A fers a delightful glimpse into the Heterosexuality and Lesbian patriarchy. So they literally opt CORAL DAWN, sc ie nce sexual uncoverings of a young girl. Existence". In her persuasive out - their space ship Amelia prose she establishes for both fiction by Katherine “They're always curious” (Irena Earhart is secretly built, and takes heterosexual and lesbian women a V. Forrest. Naiad Press Klepfisz), sums up the poignancy about 4000 women into space to and humour of living alone in a social frame of reference, affirm 1984, $13.95* find a world of their own. Which world of couples. “Movie” (Nancy ing the fluidity of female sexuality they do. And that's really where Harrison) is an awesome, chilling through history. Above all, she One of the things l remember very the story begins. Daughters of a account of the dark side of a recognises the absence of choice clearly that Miriam Saphira used Coral Dawn is clearly written by a daughter's vision of her father. in women’s lives as the greatest to exclaim about was the woeful woman who is sympathetic to her Second, the historical perspec oppressor of sexuality and there lack of positive books for lesbians, environment, who knows that tives help make the links between fore of life. Her vision is sweeping about lesbians. Well, Miriam, "girls can do anything" and who personal (chosen?) sexual life and her analysis encompasses the here is another one! Not only is it takes some delight in saying so. complexity of the tasks faced by positive, it is also instructive - clear. “Charity Girls and City Ple Recommended for a good light asures: Historical Notes on Work individuals who wish to end “the both in exploring in an easy-to-un- lesbian read.D ing Class Sexuality 1880-1920," power men everywhere wield over derstand manner the formation of Sandi Hall women”. a totally female society, and being (Kathy Peiss), shows clearly the middle class nature of research The editors offer no answers to reasonably explicit sexually. THE CLEVER PRINCESS questions posed by this collection. Katherine V. Forrest is the les material available to mainstream Diana Coles, Sheba 1983, feminist publicity. "Feminism, They hope by offering the chance bian author of this book, which is $7.95* to examine desire in as many her second, and press release from Men and Modern Love: Green wich Village 1900-1925" (Ellen forms as possible “to move the Naiad says that it was so popular This is a book for chidren aged dialectic one step forward”. Read in America that their first printing about 8-12 yrs. It is unusual be ers of this volume should be left of 8,000 was sold out in under cause it has a feminist viewpoint. I with this question: to what extent three months, and the second found that the female characters has my sexuality been determined printing of 8,000 sold out almost were presented more stonglv than by the social, emotional and intel as rapidly. What that says to me is the male characters. lectual patterns of patriarchy and that Miriam is right (astute Arete (a daughter of a rich paternalism? I am left asking a woman that she is) and that many king) is brought up by a kind further question: where is the lesbians are starved for books that woman and she becomes very material that examines the sexual they can identify with and feel clever. When she is married off to nature of the mother/baby or comfortable in reading. an evil magician and locked up in a mother/child bond? I found much Daughters of a Coral Dawn be cellar, she is given three wishes material on the new life given to gins with our introduction to by a woman. Arete uses the sexual life by the advent of con Mother, who "looked like one of wishes and stops the magician traception and legal abortion. Can the Sirens of Earth legend. Glossy from killing her. I enjoyed reading we not now, with the maturity of dark silken hair reached to her this book a lot. this freedom of choice at our dis voluptuous hips and covered can- It is like a fairy tale except that posal, reexamine the sexual im 4 6 Broadsheet, September 1984 pulse of reproduction? Nonethe sexual response within the power fantasy guests are women from less, this is a valuable book and for relationship that is the heterosex history or legend who've played those of us who believe ourselves ual unit, can be positive and male roles-travellers, a soldier of to have a suitable personal solu liberating for women". Christian morality, even a Pope - tion to the feminist dilemmas dis This book of readings lacks the and got away with it. at least for aft cussed in it, Adrienne Rich wryly high-gloss finish that may be while. But most of them have! reminds us “that heterosexuality, reasonably (but not inevitably) been deprived of or given up theiij like motherhood, needs to be rec expected from salaried academics children: and the last guest to ar ognised as a political institution - with back-up resources, because rive is the patriarchal archetype even or especially, by those indi the contributors consisted of Patient Griselda, who promised to viduals who feel they are, in their women marginal to, or right out- obev her husband in everything, personal experience, the precur x side academia. I'm not qualified and lovingly forgave his sadistic sors of a new social relation bet to comment on whether theirs is "test” of telling her her children ween the sexes”.□ “good” or “bad” history, but as a are dead and then returning them Lexie Byrt feminist sociologist I'm fascinated to her years later. Throughout this by the successful collective pro very funny, painful, superbly * available from Broadsheet. cess of editing, writing and discus timed and controlled scene the sion which requires so much com brittle and laconic Marlene is the THE SEXUAL DYNAMICS mitment and patience. Broad only one who doesn't burst out OF H ISTORY, Men’s sheet has proved for over a decade with her own story. There's a Power, Women’s that group decision-making is pro focus on the character of Isabella frightened”. But Joyce knows Bird, the Victorian English travel Resistance, London ductive and influential, whether these terms describe Angie, and Feminist History Group, or not all the painful and time- ler. whose warmest relationship is asks, what about her? These two Pluto 1983, $14.95* consuming differences are ever with her stay-at-home sister. are the victims of Marlene's "suc completely resolved. The colours in this opening cess”. scene are cold perspex black, Here is the product of collective To a careful reader, the careful When the final, flashback scene thinking and action by a group of introduction to Sexual Dynamics grey, purple, hard yellow. The opens, relations between Angie agency set is again cold black, eleven “feminist historians rather echoes unfinished (and familiar) and her two mothers are warm than students of women’s history" debate: “ . . . the pivotal social brightened but not enlivened with and sweet. Marlene is visitng red. This range of generally hard aiming to write a useful book “for conflict . . . (is) . . . between home after 9 years. The kitchen is or aggressive colours and sterile all women interested in feminism women and men” / “ . . . patriar colourful and messy. Marlene surfaces is used for most of the and our past, not just academics”. chy . . . (is)... a force equal to and wears a warm beige. Joyce resents A preface provides helpful hints intertwined with capitalism”. play. Marlene's escape from their de for the do-it-yourself historian, However, the group writes: "... Top Girls is full of women who pressed rural background: she's and a postscript suggests how to we are all trying to provide want change; they're achievers or resigned - “How could I have beginners, competent executives, start a feminist history group. The feminist answers to feminist ques left?” - but not accepting. Angie, overall style is straightforward al tions”, adding that as feminist his ambitious liars, bewildered or half-drunk on a swallow of though some articles are more torians they "... challenge the male-identifying adolescents. The whisky, overhears that Marlene is only path available to any of them riveting and informative than exclusive concentration on class .. her birth mother. Blundering into is mapped out by and crowded others, and I thought some trim . dominat(ing) much British social the kitchen, she has the play's ming, shaping and colouring were history”. with men; competitive, exploi final line: "Frightening - frighten needed in all of Part three: Now, let us take care here. New tive. monev-oriented. anti ing." The lights arc a cold mauve female. Nothing's changed in “Women and public life” and in Zealand concepts of class are, for before the final blackout. 2.000 vears. Really Isabella Bird the first piece on rape in Part one: the most part, rudimentary and Renee’s Setting the Table has had about the best of it. Feminists “Sexual Violence”. (Parts two and unproblematic. As yet, we can't awakened us to the symbolic four are: “Fitted for her place” - really challenge anything, except are carving another path entirely, power of the table as a focus for but the play's characters are ie, domesticity - and “Sexuality” the lack of ourownsocial history women's lives. Tables are a cent respectively). But l liked the way (and indeed other social science mostly without female solidarity ral image in Top Girls too: dinner several authors painstakingly research) and shaky asumptions and pride. table for feasting; kitchen table, Marlene's central relationship explained how they came to their about our particular class struc centre of richly chaotic living: is with her stay-at-home sister particular area of study: “I'm an ture. desks, at which women chat, historian by default rather than by Actually, NZ women are Jovce and adolescent daughter confide, grab snacks, assert intention," says Blunden. rapidly correcting these deficien Angie, whom Joyce has brought power, desks which act as up as her own. We first meet The authors emphasise and try cies - eg the Herstory diaries. A a barrier between women; and Angie as a lonely, hostile, con to clarify the connections between welcome contribution in this book Angie's cave-like refuge from the fused,“retarded” 16-year-old who past and present feminist strug is Macdonald's “must-read" dis pressure of her secret parentage is wants to kill her mother. We won gles. Jeffreys' "Sex reform and cussion of women migrants in an upturned table. der if it's fantasy when she claims anti-feminism in the 1920s” is a trepidly leaving poverty and Working with some admirable that her successful auntie in Lon brilliant exposition of the anxiety dreary domestic work for a new performers, first-time director don is her real mother. of the “progressives” to hymn the world here - featuring patriarchy, Sarah Pierse has achieved a real When Angie runs off to Marlene praises of the ecstasies of poverty and dreary domesticity. triumph. The final scene espe we understand who it is she wants heterosexual intercourse and Incidentally, I do wonder if our cially. between Marlene (Bridget to kill. Angie, too warlts a diffe motherhood, thus eliminating two bold sisters on the fetching Armstrong) and Joyce (Sylvia rent life, but Marlene's telling both the “prudes” ar,d earlier cover illustration are going to tie Rands) is very exciting theatre in final line of this scene is "she's a feminist critiques of male sexual that offensive joker to a tree.D deed. bit funny, she's a bit thick - she's behaviour. She comments on the Margot Roth. Feminists have been angered ' not going to make it. " Angie is at politically "very strange bedfel that once again this women's play the bottom of the female heap. lows” among the reformers "in TOP GIRLS, by Caryl has been relegated to the studio The play, though not its charac cluding Alexandra Koilantai and Churchill, directed by space; however, theatre director ters. questions why we are pushed Sylvia Pankhurst along with the Sarah Pierse at Theatre Roger McGill says a return season into a heap, with some "top girls” high Tories". Corporate, June 1984. of "Top Girls" is possible later this (or birds, or ladies - never We can apply this excellent year, and is likely to play in the women) and some suffocated. analysis to the history of some of Marlene has been promoted man main theatre.□ Marlene admires Margaret the more unlikely fellows in aging director of a glossy employ Margaret Blay SPUCs bed. and to understand ment agency. Celebrating in an Thatcher - "I'd give her a job". "I ing why Jeffreys says: "... it is opening scene reminiscent of Judy believe in the individual". She de Contact Broadsheet for the list of players and pro necessary to question whether Chicago's "Dinner Party”, her spises those who are "lazy, stupid. duction workers: lop Girls is $1(1.95. (Methuen) Broadsheet, September 1984. 4 7 AUCKLAND RAPE C R IS IS HERSTORY EXHIBmO f is in financial difficulty and needs We all know that history if n o t Ht 'STORY. CLASSIFIED donations. This travelling exhibition of Borgeous Ring 764-404 or write to 63 Ponsonby photo's of women in New Jsaland's Road, Auckland, 2. herstory is available for railage casts and a BROADSHEET BOOKSHOP $10 donation, ($5 if you're really strapped). Mounted on stiff cardboard WOMEN ARTISTS they'd form the essential focal point that 10% DISCOUNT A six-part series, compiled by Kathy you could make as big and as extensive as FOR SCHOOLS Findlay for TVs "Kaleidoscope" you want it. 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