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A Guide to Culturing Parasites, Establishing Infections and Assessing Immune Responses in the Three-Spined Stickleback
ARTICLE IN PRESS Hook, Line and Infection: A Guide to Culturing Parasites, Establishing Infections and Assessing Immune Responses in the Three-Spined Stickleback Alexander Stewart*, Joseph Jacksonx, Iain Barber{, Christophe Eizaguirrejj, Rachel Paterson*, Pieter van West#, Chris Williams** and Joanne Cable*,1 *Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom x University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom { University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom jj Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom #Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen, United Kingdom **National Fisheries Service, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom 1Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected] Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Stickleback Husbandry 7 2.1 Ethics 7 2.2 Collection 7 2.3 Maintenance 9 2.4 Breeding sticklebacks in vivo and in vitro 10 2.5 Hatchery 15 3. Common Stickleback Parasite Cultures 16 3.1 Argulus foliaceus 17 3.1.1 Introduction 17 3.1.2 Source, culture and infection 18 3.1.3 Immunology 22 3.2 Camallanus lacustris 22 3.2.1 Introduction 22 3.2.2 Source, culture and infection 23 3.2.3 Immunology 25 3.3 Diplostomum Species 26 3.3.1 Introduction 26 3.3.2 Source, culture and infection 27 3.3.3 Immunology 28 Advances in Parasitology, Volume 98 ISSN 0065-308X © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.apar.2017.07.001 All rights reserved. 1 j ARTICLE IN PRESS 2 Alexander Stewart et al. 3.4 Glugea anomala 30 3.4.1 Introduction 30 3.4.2 Source, culture and infection 30 3.4.3 Immunology 31 3.5 Gyrodactylus Species 31 3.5.1 Introduction 31 3.5.2 Source, culture and infection 32 3.5.3 Immunology 34 3.6 Saprolegnia parasitica 35 3.6.1 Introduction 35 3.6.2 Source, culture and infection 36 3.6.3 Immunology 37 3.7 Schistocephalus solidus 38 3.7.1 Introduction 38 3.7.2 Source, culture and infection 39 3.7.3 Immunology 43 4. -
Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus (VHSV): on the Search for Determinants Important for Virulence in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Nov 08, 2017 Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV): on the search for determinants important for virulence in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss Olesen, Niels Jørgen; Skall, H. F.; Kurita, J.; Mori, K.; Ito, T. Published in: 17th International Conference on Diseases of Fish And Shellfish Publication date: 2015 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Olesen, N. J., Skall, H. F., Kurita, J., Mori, K., & Ito, T. (2015). Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV): on the search for determinants important for virulence in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. In 17th International Conference on Diseases of Fish And Shellfish: Abstract book (pp. 147-147). [O-139] Las Palmas: European Association of Fish Pathologists. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. DISCLAIMER: The organizer takes no responsibility for any of the content stated in the abstracts. -
Disease of Aquatic Organisms 85:187
Vol. 85: 187–192, 2009 DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Published July 23 doi: 10.3354/dao02073 Dis Aquat Org Enhanced mortality in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus following coinfections with ichthyophthiriasis and streptococcosis De-Hai Xu*, Craig A. Shoemaker, Phillip H. Klesius US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory, 990 Wire Road, Auburn, Alabama 36832, USA ABSTRACT: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Fouquet (Ich) and Streptococcus iniae are 2 major pathogens of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L). Currently there is no information available for the effect of coinfection by Ich and S. iniae on fish. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of parasite load and Ich development size on fish mortality following S. iniae infection. Low mortality (≤20%) was observed in tilapia exposed to Ich or S. iniae alone. Mortalities increased from 38% in tilapia exposed to Ich at 10 000 theronts fish–1 to 88% in fish at 20 000 theronts fish–1 follow- ing S. iniae exposure. The median days to death were significantly fewer (7 d) in fish exposed to Ich at 20 000 theronts fish–1 than fish exposed to 10 000 theronts fish–1 (10 d). A positive correlation (cor- relation coefficient = 0.83) was noted between tilapia mortality and size of Ich trophonts at the time of S. iniae challenge. Fish parasitized with well-developed trophonts (Day 4, 2 × 107 µm3 in volume) suffered higher mortality (47.5%) than fish (10.0%) infested by young trophonts (Hour 4, 1.3 × 104 µm3 in volume) after S. iniae challenge. -
White-Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) Introduction Into the Gulf of Mexico and Texas Freshwater Systems Through Imported, Frozen Bait-Shrimp
DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Vol. 71: 91–100, 2006 Published July 25 Dis Aquat Org White-spot syndrome virus (WSSV) introduction into the Gulf of Mexico and Texas freshwater systems through imported, frozen bait-shrimp K. W. Hasson1,*, Y. Fan1, T. Reisinger2, J. Venuti1, P. W. Varner1 1Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, 1 Sippel Road, College Station, Texas 77845, USA 2Texas Sea Grant/Cooperative Extension, 650 East Business Highway 77, San Benito, Texas 78586, USA ABSTRACT: We analysed 20 boxes of, frozen imported bait-shrimp (China: Parapenaeopsis sp. and Metapenaeopsis sp.) and 8 boxes of native, frozen bait-shrimp (Gulf of Mexico: Litopenaeus setiferus and Farfantepenaeus duorarum) by RT-PCR or PCR for Taura syndrome virus (TSV), yellowhead virus/gill-associated virus (YHV/GAV), white-spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and infectious hypoder- mal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV). All 28 boxes of shrimp were negative for TSV, YHV/GAV and IHHNV; 2 boxes of imported bait-shrimp were WSSV-positive by 3 different PCR assays. Intramuscular injection of replicate groups of SPF (specific pathogen-free) L. vannamei juveniles with 2 different tissue homogenates prepared from the 2 WSSV-positive bait boxes resulted in 100% mortality of the test shrimp within 48 to 72 h post-injection. No mortality occurred among injected negative control groups. Histological and in situ hybridization analyses of 20 moribund treatment-shrimp demonstrated severe WSSV infections in each sample. Oral exposure of SPF L. vannamei postlarvae, PL (PL 25 to 30 stage; ~0.02 g) to minced tissue prepared from the 2 WSSV- positive bait-lots did not induce infection, possibly because of an insufficient infectious dose and/or viral inactivation resulting from multiple freeze-thaw cycles of the bait-shrimp during PCR testing. -
FIELD GUIDE to WARMWATER FISH DISEASES in CENTRAL and EASTERN EUROPE, the CAUCASUS and CENTRAL ASIA Cover Photographs: Courtesy of Kálmán Molnár and Csaba Székely
SEC/C1182 (En) FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular I SSN 2070-6065 FIELD GUIDE TO WARMWATER FISH DISEASES IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE, THE CAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA Cover photographs: Courtesy of Kálmán Molnár and Csaba Székely. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1182 SEC/C1182 (En) FIELD GUIDE TO WARMWATER FISH DISEASES IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE, THE CAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA By Kálmán Molnár1, Csaba Székely1 and Mária Láng2 1Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary 2 National Food Chain Safety Office – Veterinary Diagnostic Directorate, Budapest, Hungary FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Ankara, 2019 Required citation: Molnár, K., Székely, C. and Láng, M. 2019. Field guide to the control of warmwater fish diseases in Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No.1182. Ankara, FAO. 124 pp. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. -
Protocols for Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms for Sustainable Aquaculture and Coastal Fisheries in Chile (Supplement Data)
Protocols for monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms for sustainable aquaculture and coastal fisheries in Chile (Supplement data) Provided by Kyoko Yarimizu, et al. Table S1. Phytoplankton Naming Dictionary: This dictionary was constructed from the species observed in Chilean coast water in the past combined with the IOC list. Each name was verified with the list provided by IFOP and online dictionaries, AlgaeBase (https://www.algaebase.org/) and WoRMS (http://www.marinespecies.org/). The list is subjected to be updated. Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Ochrophyta Bacillariophyceae Achnanthales Achnanthaceae Achnanthes Achnanthes longipes Bacillariophyta Coscinodiscophyceae Coscinodiscales Heliopeltaceae Actinoptychus Actinoptychus spp. Dinoflagellata Dinophyceae Gymnodiniales Gymnodiniaceae Akashiwo Akashiwo sanguinea Dinoflagellata Dinophyceae Gymnodiniales Gymnodiniaceae Amphidinium Amphidinium spp. Ochrophyta Bacillariophyceae Naviculales Amphipleuraceae Amphiprora Amphiprora spp. Bacillariophyta Bacillariophyceae Thalassiophysales Catenulaceae Amphora Amphora spp. Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Nostocales Aphanizomenonaceae Anabaenopsis Anabaenopsis milleri Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Coleofasciculaceae Anagnostidinema Anagnostidinema amphibium Anagnostidinema Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Coleofasciculaceae Anagnostidinema lemmermannii Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Microcoleaceae Annamia Annamia toxica Cyanobacteria Cyanophyceae Nostocales Aphanizomenonaceae Aphanizomenon Aphanizomenon flos-aquae -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0037370 A1 Corbeil Et Al
US 2015 0037370A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0037370 A1 Corbeil et al. (43) Pub. Date: Feb. 5, 2015 (54) DIATOM-BASEDVACCINES (86). PCT No.: PCT/US2O12/062112 S371 (c)(1), (71) Applicants: The Regents of the University of (2) Date: Apr. 23, 2014 California, Oakland, CA (US); Synaptic Related U.S. Application Data Research, LLC, Baltimore, MD (US) (60) Provisional application No. 61/553,139, filed on Oct. (72) Inventors: Lynette B. Corbeil, San Diego, CA 28, 2011. (US); Mark Hildebrand, La Jolla, CA Publication Classification (US); Roshan Shrestha, San Diego, CA (US); Aubrey Davis, Lakeside, CA (51) Eiko.29s (2006.01) (US) Rachel Schrier, Del Mar, CA CI2N 7/00 (2006.01) (US); George A. Oyler, Lincoln, NE A6139/02 (2006.01) (US); Julian N. Rosenberg, Naugatuck, A61E36/06 (2006.01) CT (US) A6139/02 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (73) Assignees: SYNAPTIC RESEARCH, LLC, CPC ............... A61K 39/295 (2013.01); A61K 36/06 Baltimore, MD (US): THE REGENTS (2013.01); A61 K39/107 (2013.01); A61 K OF THE UNIVERSITY OF 39/102 (2013.01); C12N 700 (2013.01); A61 K CALIFORNIA, Oakland, CA (US) 2039/523 (2013.01) USPC .................. 424/2011; 424/93.21; 424/261.1; y x- - - 9 (57) ABSTRACT 22) PCT Fled: Oct. 26, 2012 This invention pprovides diatom-based vaccines. Patent Application Publication Feb. 5, 2015 Sheet 1 of 19 US 2015/0037370 A1 83 : RE: Repests 388x ExF8. Patent Application Publication Feb. 5, 2015 Sheet 2 of 19 US 2015/0037370 A1 Fig. -
Isolation of Intestinal Parasites of Schilbe Mystus from the Mid Cross River Flood System Southeastern Nigeria
AASCIT Journal of Health 2015; 2(4): 26-31 Published online July 20, 2015 (http://www.aascit.org/journal/health) Isolation of Intestinal Parasites of Schilbe mystus from the Mid Cross River Flood System Southeastern Nigeria Uneke Bilikis Iyabo, Egboruche Joy Dept of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria Email address [email protected] (U. B. Iyabo), [email protected] (U. B. Iyabo) Citation Keywords Uneke Bilikis Iyabo, Egboruche Joy. Isolation of Intestinal Parasites of Schilbe mystus from the Intestinal Parasites, Mid Cross River Flood System Southeastern Nigeria. AASCIT Journal of Health. Nematodes, Vol. 2, No. 4, 2015, pp. 26-31. Trematodes, Cestodes, Abstract Protozoans, A survey of Schilbe mystus of the mid Cross River flood system was conducted between Acanthocephalans, August and October, 2014 to determine the presence of parasitic infection in S. mystus . Schilbe mystus The fish were collected with gill nets, hook and line. Seventy five out of the one hundred fish examined were infected (75.0%) with parasites. The end oparasites recovered were mostly nematodes, trematodes, cestodes, protozoa and acanthocephalans. Numerical abundance of parasites showed that a total of 128 species of end oparasites occurred in Received: June 30, 2015 the fish examined. Nematodes had 33.6% (43/128), trematodes 11.7% (15/128), Revised: July 10, 2015 cestodes 24.2% (31/128), protozoa 12.5% (16/128) and acanthocephalan 18.0% Accepted: July 11, 2015 (23/128). The prevalence of end oparasites of the fish showed that parasites were most prevalent in fishes with length Class 14.1-16 cm TL with 67.2% while class 21.1-22cm had the least prevalence (1.60%). -
2019 ASEAN-FEN 9Th International Fisheries Symposium BOOK of ABSTRACTS
2019 ASEAN-FEN 9th International Fisheries Symposium BOOK OF ABSTRACTS A New Horizon in Fisheries and Aquaculture Through Education, Research and Innovation 18-21 November 2019 Seri Pacific Hotel Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Contents Oral Session Location… .................................................................... 1 Poster Session ...................................................................................... 2 Special Session… ................................................................................ 3 Special Session 1: ....................................................................... 4 Special Session 2: ..................................................................... 10 Special Session 3: ..................................................................... 16 Oral Presentation… ......................................................................... 26 Session 1: Fisheries Biology and Resource Management 1 ………………………………………………………………….…...27 Session 2: Fisheries Biology and Resource Management 2 …………………………………………………………...........….…62 Session 3: Nutrition and Feed........................................................ 107 Session 4: Aquatic Animal Health ................................................ 146 Session 5: Fisheries Socio-economies, Gender, Extension and Education… ..................................................................................... 196 Session 6: Information Technology and Engineering .................. 213 Session 7: Postharvest, Fish Products and Food Safety… ......... 219 Session -
Metagenomic Characterization of Unicellular Eukaryotes in the Urban Thessaloniki Bay
Metagenomic characterization of unicellular eukaryotes in the urban Thessaloniki Bay George Tsipas SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS, BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION & LEGAL STUDIES A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Science (MSc) in Bioeconomy Law, Regulation and Management May, 2019 Thessaloniki – Greece George Tsipas ’’Metagenomic characterization of unicellular eukaryotes in the urban Thessaloniki Bay’’ Student Name: George Tsipas SID: 268186037282 Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Savvas Genitsaris I hereby declare that the work submitted is mine and that where I have made use of another’s work, I have attributed the source(s) according to the Regulations set in the Student’s Handbook. May, 2019 Thessaloniki - Greece Page 2 of 63 George Tsipas ’’Metagenomic characterization of unicellular eukaryotes in the urban Thessaloniki Bay’’ 1. Abstract The present research investigates through metagenomics sequencing the unicellular protistan communities in Thermaikos Gulf. This research analyzes the diversity, composition and abundance in this marine environment. Water samples were collected monthly from April 2017 to February 2018 in the port of Thessaloniki (Harbor site, 40o 37’ 55 N, 22o 56’ 09 E). The extraction of DNA was completed as well as the sequencing was performed, before the downstream read processing and the taxonomic classification that was assigned using PR2 database. A total of 1248 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were detected but only 700 unicellular eukaryotes were analyzed, excluding unclassified OTUs, Metazoa and Streptophyta. In this research-based study the most abundant and diverse taxonomic groups were Dinoflagellata and Protalveolata. Specifically, the most abundant groups of all samples are Dinoflagellata with 190 OTUs (27.70%), Protalveolata with 139 OTUs (20.26%) Ochrophyta with 73 OTUs (10.64%), Cercozoa with 67 OTUs (9.77%) and Ciliophora with 64 OTUs (9.33%). -
Respiratory Disorders of Fish
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy Disorders of the Respiratory System in Pet and Ornamental Fish a, b Helen E. Roberts, DVM *, Stephen A. Smith, DVM, PhD KEYWORDS Pet fish Ornamental fish Branchitis Gill Wet mount cytology Hypoxia Respiratory disorders Pathology Living in an aquatic environment where oxygen is in less supply and harder to extract than in a terrestrial one, fish have developed a respiratory system that is much more efficient than terrestrial vertebrates. The gills of fish are a unique organ system and serve several functions including respiration, osmoregulation, excretion of nitroge- nous wastes, and acid-base regulation.1 The gills are the primary site of oxygen exchange in fish and are in intimate contact with the aquatic environment. In most cases, the separation between the water and the tissues of the fish is only a few cell layers thick. Gills are a common target for assault by infectious and noninfectious disease processes.2 Nonlethal diagnostic biopsy of the gills can identify pathologic changes, provide samples for bacterial culture/identification/sensitivity testing, aid in fungal element identification, provide samples for viral testing, and provide parasitic organisms for identification.3–6 This diagnostic test is so important that it should be included as part of every diagnostic workup performed on a fish. -
Detection and Identification of Fish Pathogens: What Is the Future?
The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture – Bamidgeh 60(4), 2008, 213-229. 213 Detection and Identification of Fish Pathogens: What is the Future? A Review I. Frans1,2†, B. Lievens1,2*†, C. Heusdens1,2 and K.A. Willems1,2 1 Scientia Terrae Research Institute, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium 2 Research Group Process Microbial Ecology and Management, Department Microbial and Molecular Systems, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Association, De Nayer Campus, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium, and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LfoRCe), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Heverlee-Leuven, Belgium (Received 1.8.08, Accepted 20.8.08) Key words: biosecurity, diagnosis, DNA array, multiplexing, real-time PCR Abstract Fish diseases pose a universal threat to the ornamental fish industry, aquaculture, and public health. They can be caused by many organisms, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa. The lack of rapid, accurate, and reliable means of detecting and identifying fish pathogens is one of the main limitations in fish pathogen diagnosis and disease management and has triggered the search for alternative diagnostic techniques. In this regard, the advent of molecular biology, especially polymerase chain reaction (PCR), provides alternative means for detecting and iden- tifying fish pathogens. Many techniques have been developed, each requiring its own protocol, equipment, and expertise. A major challenge at the moment is the development of multiplex assays that allow accurate detection, identification, and quantification of multiple pathogens in a single assay, even if they belong to different superkingdoms. In this review, recent advances in molecular fish pathogen diagnosis are discussed with an emphasis on nucleic acid-based detec- tion and identification techniques.