JOURNAL OF , 21(1): 231–242, 2001

REVISION OF THE ENDEMIC AUSTRALIAN SANCHO (, )

J. K. Lowry and J. L. Barnard

Division of Invertebrate Zoology, Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney, 2010, NSW, Australia (e-mail: [email protected])

ABSTRACT Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021 The endemic Australian eusirid amphipod genus Sancho Stebbing, 1897, is revised based on new material. A neotype is established for Sancho platynotus Stebbing, 1897, which is redescribed, and the new S. kuiteri is described. Members of Sancho are considered to be obligate commensals of sponges. Their depressed body form and entire telson may be an adaptation to their commensal life-style, but their cantilevered second gnathopods may indicate a phylogenetic relationship with the -like members of the Eusiridae.

In 1897 Stebbing described Sancho original description of Sancho. In this paper platynotus from Port Jackson, Australia. The we redescribe S. platynotus and describe the description and illustrations were brief, there new species Sancho kuiteri. Because the types was no habitat information, and the taxon was of S. platynotus are lost and S. platynotus is not placed in a family. Stebbing later (1906) the type species of the genus, we are estab- placed Sancho in the Calliopiidae. So did J. lishing a neotype. Sancho platynotus is a frag- L. Barnard (1969), who carefully considered ile species, and there were no complete spec- the close relationship between calliopiids and imens in Huggett’s collections. The neotype eusirids and commented specifically on the is therefore a nearly complete female. eusirid-like gnathopods of Sancho. Barnard Species of Sancho appear to be eusirid-like and Karaman (1991) amalgamated the Cal- amphipods which have become morphologi- liopiidae and Eusiridae and placed Sancho in cally adapted to living on sponges. The main the Eusiridae. They considered it to be a pe- differences between Sancho and other eusirid culiar genus in the family mainly because of taxa are the shape of the head, the sexually its depressed body and urosome. dimorphic second gnathopods, and the de- Before J. L. Barnard died in 1991, we were pressed body and urosome. The only seem- studying a new taxon from Port Jackson ingly similar taxon is the poorly described which appeared to be closely related to San- Choroes incisus Stebbing, 1888, which also cho platynotus. Barnard was never convinced has a depressed body and urosome, but the that Sancho belonged in the Eusiridae (= Cal- shape of the head and the dimorphic nature liopiidae) and was in favour of establishing of the gnathopods are unknown. According to a new family for S. platynotus and the new K. H. Barnard (1931), who had many speci- taxon. A major problem for us was that San- mens (males and females) available for study, cho platynotus had never been collected C. incisus also lives on sponges. Although J. again, and the original type material, placed L. Barnard was in favor of creating a new in the Copenhagen Museum, was lost. Finally, family for Sancho, it now seems better to re- after 101 years, Megan Huggett (Honours stu- tain Sancho in the Eusiridae until a thorough dent, University of New South Wales) col- revision of the family and its sister taxa is lected specimens of S. platynotus associated achieved. with the sponge Holopsamma laminaefavosa Material used in this study is lodged in the Carter, 1885, during a survey of amphipods Australian Museum, Sydney (AM). The fol- associated with sponges in Bay. Study lowing abbreviations are used on the figures: of this new material from Botany Bay and the A, antenna; C, coxa; EP, epimeron; G, new taxon from Port Jackson has resolved gnathopod; H, head; LL, lower lip; MD, many of the problems associated with the mandible; MP, maxilliped; MPOP, maxilliped

231 232 JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY, VOL. 21, NO. 1, 2001 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021

Fig. 1. Sancho kuiteri, new species, holotype m, 4.1 mm, AM P40664, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia.

outer plate; MPIP, maxilliped inner plate; Species Composition.—Sancho kuiteri, new MX, maxilla; P, pereiopod; PL, pleon; T, tel- species; S. platynotus Stebbing, 1897. son; U, uropod; UL, upper lip; UR, uro- somite; l, left; r, right. Remarks.—Sancho is apparently endemic to southeastern Australia. Species in the genus Eusiridae appear to be obligate commensals of sponges, and as an adaptation to this life-style they Sancho Stebbing, 1897 have dorsoventrally flattened bodies and de- Sancho Stebbing, 1897: 42.—Stebbing, 1906: 288.—J. L. pressed urosomes similar to other commen- Barnard, 1969: 179.—Barnard and Karaman, 1991: sals such as iciliids and maxillipiids, which 339. are also endemic to the Indo-West Pacific area. Type Species.—Sancho platynotus Stebbing, Species of Sancho have notched telsons 1897, by monotypy. similar to the calliopiid-like members of the Eusiridae, but Sancho platynotus, in particu- Diagnosis.—Body strongly depressed, with lar, has cantilevered gnathopods similar to the urosome flexed under pleon. Antenna 1 ac- eusirid-like members of the family. If these cessory flagellum present, 1-articulate. Man- cantilevered gnathopods are homologous then dible molar triturative. Lower lip without in- Sancho and Eusirus may have a common an- ner lobes. Maxilla 1 inner plate with two api- cestor. It is interesting that Eusirus antarcti- cal setae. Maxilla 2 with outer plate slightly cus Thomson, 1880 (sensu stricto), which to strongly broader than inner plate; inner lives in southern New Zealand, has a heavy plate without oblique setal row. Maxilliped body and broad legs like species of Sancho. with outer plate not enlarged. Gnathopod 2 sexually dimorphic, weakly to strongly can- Sancho kuiteri, new species tilevered in male. Uropod 3 with outer ramus Figs. 1–5 one-third to three-fourths length of inner ra- Type Material.—Holotype, m, 4.1 mm, AM P40664; mus. Telson entire or emarginate. Paratypes: f, 3.6 mm, P40665; m, 3.9 mm, P40666; f, LOWRY AND BARNARD: REVISION OF AMPHIPOD GENUS SANCHO 233 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021

Fig. 2. Sancho kuiteri, new species, holotype m, 4.1 mm, AM P40664, f, 3.6 mm, AM P40665, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia.

4.1 mm, P40667; juvenile, P40668; m, P40670; 133 spec- ovigerous ff, AM P58135; Bare Island, Botany Bay, New imens, P40669; off Green Point, Watsons Bay, Port Jack- South Wales, Australia, 33°59.53′S 151°13.83′E, living son, New South Wales, Australia, 33°50.6′S 151°16.55′E, on the sponge Holopsamma laminaefavosa, 12 m, M. J. living on the sponge Holopsamma laminaefavosa (AM Huggett and R. De Nys, 13 August 1998. Z5090), 10 m, R. Kuiter, 12 September 1981. Additional Material.—4 mm, 12 ff and juveniles, AM Description.—Based on holotype male, 4.1 P57935; 1 m, 2 juveniles, AM P57938; 2 ff, AM P58133; mm. Head and body white. Head longer than 7 mm, 12 ff and juveniles, AM P58134; 5 mm, 14 mostly deep; lateral cephalic lobe poorly developed; 234 JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY, VOL. 21, NO. 1, 2001 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021

Fig. 3. Sancho kuiteri, new species, holotype m, 4.1 mm, AM P40664, f, 3.6 mm, AM P40665, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.

anteroventral margin rounded, anteroventral cal, left with 4 serrations, right with 2 serra- corner rounded; rostrum present, moderate tions; accessory setal row, left with 2 serrate length; eyes medium-sized, oval. Antenna 1 setae, right with 1 serrate seta; molars colum- long, about 0.6 × body, 1.5 × as long as an- nar, fully triturating, each with 4 long pap- tenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than (2 pose setae; palp well developed, article 2 ×) article 2; article 2 longer than (1.6 ×) ar- long, 1 × article 3; article 3 long. Lower lip ticle 3; article 3 shorter than (0.3 ×) article inner lobes absent. Maxilla 1 inner plate 1; accessory flagellum present, minute, 1-ar- small, subovate, with 2 apical setae; outer ticulate; flagellum 36-articulate, with sparse plate, with 11 strong setal-teeth; palp 2-ar- setae along posterior margin of most articles; ticulate with about 8 apical or apicomedial se- calceoli absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article tae. Maxilla 2 inner and outer plates broad; 3 short, length 0.8 × breadth, without flange inner plate with apical slender setae, without on anterolateral margin; article 4 long, 1.7 × medial slender setae, without oblique row of breadth; article 5 long, 4.5 × breadth; flagel- slender setae; outer plate with apical slender lum shorter than (0.8 ×) peduncle, 21-articu- setae, without medial slender setae. Maxil- late; calceoli absent. liped inner plate large, nearly reaching end of Upper lip separate, not produced. merus, subrectangular, without nodular setae, Mandibles incisors symmetrical, left and right without apicomedial setae, oblique setal row with 4 serrations; lacinia mobilis asymmetri- with 14 long plumose setae; outer plate sub- LOWRY AND BARNARD: REVISION OF AMPHIPOD GENUS SANCHO 235 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021

Fig. 4. Sancho kuiteri, new species, holotype m, 4.1 mm, AM P40664, f, 3.6 mm, AM P40665, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. ovate, reaching to end of merus, with 6 pap- breadth, without setose inner margin; dacty- pose setae along apical margin, without ro- lus cone-like, unguis absent. bust setae along medial margin, without sub- marginal setae; palp large, 4-articulate; car- Pereion.—Gnathopod 1 not sexually di- pus broad, length 1.1 × propodus, with setose morphic, subchelate, smaller than gnathopod inner margin; propodus long, length 3.1 × 2; coxa deeper than wide, anteroventral mar- 236 JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY, VOL. 21, NO. 1, 2001 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021

Fig. 5. Sancho kuiteri, new species, holotype m, 4.1 mm, AM P40664, f, 3.6 mm, AM P40665, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia. gin slightly produced, subquadrate; basis Pereiopod 4 coxa as wide as deep, with a sub- without anterodistal lobe; carpus subrectan- quadrate posteroventral lobe. Pereiopod 5 gular, long, length 3 × breadth, subequal to coxa wider than deep, equilobate; basis (1.1 ×) propodus, posterior margin without strongly expanded posteriorly, with long slen- lobe; propodus narrow, length 2 × breadth, der setae along anterior margin; merus short, palm transverse, straight, without seta near length about 1 × breadth; carpus long, sub- inner base of dactylus, with several pos- rectangular, length about 1.7 × breadth, cov- terodistal robust setae; dactylus slender, fal- ered in minute denticles; propodus subrect- cate. Gnathopod 2 sexually dimorphic, sub- angular, length about 2.5 × breadth, with 3 chelate; coxa deeper than wide; basis without slender setae and 5 robust setae along ante- anterodistal lobe; carpus/propodus can- rior margin, not expanded distally, with about tilevered on narrow hinge; carpus sub- 20 setae along posterior margin; dactylus quadrate, short, length 0.9 × breadth, shorter short, slightly curved, inner margin smooth. than (0.3 ×) propodus, not produced; propo- Pereiopod 6 coxa as wide as deep, with well- dus broad, length 1.7 × breadth, slightly pro- developed posteroventral lobe; basis ex- duced posterodistally, palm acute, straight, panded, with slender setae along anterior mar- crenate, without seta near inner base of dacty- gin, posterior margin slightly rounded, cre- lus, with several posterodistal robust setae; nate; merus short, length 1 × breadth; carpus dactylus slender, falcate, inner margin long, length 1.2 × breadth; propodus subrect- smooth. angular, length about 2.8 × breadth, covered Pereiopod 3 coxa deeper than wide; merus in minute denticles, without 4 slender setae long, length about 1.5 × breadth, anterior mar- along anterior margin, without distal robust gin slightly expanded; carpus long, about 1.5 setae; dactylus slightly curved, with sub- × breadth; propodus length nearly 3 × terminal seta on posterior margin. Pereio breadth, with 2 setae along posterior margin. pod 7 coxa wider than deep, without pos- LOWRY AND BARNARD: REVISION OF AMPHIPOD GENUS SANCHO 237 teroventral lobe; basis with posterior margin platynotus was collected on eight species of straight, crenate; carpus and propodus cov- sponges and only rarely on Holopsamma lam- ered in minute denticles. inaefavosa. Pleon.—Epimeron 3 posteroventral corner Both species show remarkable similarities subquadrate, with minute acute spine. Uro- in the depressed body form, the unusual pod 1 peduncle with 8 dorsolateral robust se- gnathopods, unusual coxae 4, and pereiopods tae and 6 dorsomedial robust setae; outer ra- 5 to 7. The gnathopods, for instance, show a mus shorter than inner ramus; outer ramus similar development pattern, which only dif- with 2 lateral, 1 medial, and 2 apical robust fers in adult males, where the carpus becomes setae; inner ramus with 4 medial, 2 lateral, strongly cantilevered and the propodus be-

and 2 apical robust setae. Uropod 2 pedun- comes ovate in Sancho platynotus. Appar- Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021 cle with 5 dorsolateral robust setae, and 1 dor- ently neither species has calceoli. somedial robust seta; outer ramus shorter than inner; with 3 lateral, 2 medial, and 2 apical Distribution.—Port Jackson and Botany Bay, robust setae; inner ramus with 4 medial, 6 lat- New South Wales, Australia. eral, and 2 apical robust setae. Uropod 3 pe- duncle short, without dorsolateral or dorso- Sancho platynotus Stebbing, 1897 medial robust setae; outer ramus shorter than Figs. 6–9 inner; outer ramus with 2 lateral and 2 me- Sancho platynotus Stebbing, 1897: 42, pl. 9A.—Stebbing, dial robust setae; inner ramus with 4 medial 1906: 288, figs. 72, 73. and 2 lateral robust setae. Telson notched, as Type Material.—Neotype f, 3.9 mm, AM P58144. Bare long as broad, length 1 × breadth, without Island, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia, dorsal robust setae, with sparse dorsal slen- 33°59.53′S 151°13.83′E, 12 m, sponge, M. J. Huggett and der setae, distal margins rounded, without api- R. De Nys, 13 August 1998. cal penicillate setae, with 1 apical slender seta Additional Material Examined.—1 m, 4.5 mm, AM on each lobe, without apical robust setae. P58136 on sponge; 1 f, 3.5 mm, AM P58143 on sponge; Female.—Based on paratype female. 1 m, 3.5 mm, AM P58146 on sponge; 1 f, 3.5 mm, AM Gnathopod 1 subequal to gnathopod 2; car- P58147 on sponge; 2 specimens AM P 57910 on sponge; × 1 specimen AM P 57933 on the sponge Antho pus long, length 3 breadth, longer than (1.2 (Isopenectya) chartacea (Whitelegge, 1907); 1 specimen ×) propodus; palm slightly obtuse, convex. AM P 57934 on the sponge Callyspongia sp.; 2 speci- Gnathopod 2 carpus subrectangular, very mens P 57936 on the finger sponge Phorbas sp.; 1 spec- long, length 4 × breadth, longer than (1.2 ×) imen AM P57937 on the sponge Mycale (Carmia) sp.; 2 × specimens AM P57938 on the sponge Phoriospongia cf. propodus; propodus narrow, length 3.1 kirki; Bare Island, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Aus- breadth, not produced posterodistally, palm tralia 33°59.53′S 151°13.83′E, 12 m, sponge, M. J. slightly obtuse, straight, smooth, inner mar- Huggett and R. De Nys, 13 August 1998. gin setose. Pereiopod 5 coxa with pos- teroventral lobe. Description.—Based on the neotype female, 3.9 mm, P58144, plus female, 3.5 mm Etymology.—Named for the collector, Rudi P58143 and female, 3.5 mm P58147. Head Kuiter, in recognition of his contribution to and body white. Head as long as deep; lat- the knowledge of Australian marine . eral cephalic lobe poorly developed; an- teroventral margin rounded, anteroventral Habitat.—Living mainly in association with corner rounded; rostrum present, short; eyes the sponge Holopsamma laminaefavosa and medium-sized, round. Antenna 1 medium occasionally with the sponge Phoriospongia length, about 0.3 × body; peduncular article cf. kirki (Bowerbank, 1841). 1 longer than (1.6 ×) article 2; article 2 longer than (2 ×) article 3; article 3 shorter than (0.3 Remarks.—Sancho kuiteri and S. platynotus ×) article 1; accessory flagellum present, are closely related sister taxa which live to- minute, 1-articulate; flagellum about 45-ar- gether in the same sponge gardens, although ticulate; with sparse setae along posterior S. kuiteri appears to be restricted to fewer margin of most articles; calceoli absent. An- species of sponges than S. platynotus. Sancho tenna 2 about 35-articulate; calceoli absent. kuiteri was collected almost exclusively on Upper lip separate. Mandibles incisors Holopsamma laminaefavosa whereas S. symmetrical, left and right each with 5 ser- 238 JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY, VOL. 21, NO. 1, 2001 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021

Fig. 6. Sancho platynotus Stebbing, 1897, m, 4.5 mm, AM P58136, neotype f, AM P58144, urosome. Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia. rations; lacinia mobilis asymmetrical, left pod 2; coxa deeper than wide, anteroventral with 3 serrations, right with 4 serrations; ac- margin produced, rounded; basis without an- cessory setal row absent; molars columnar, terodistal lobe; carpus subrectangular, long, fully triturating, with 5 long pappose setae on length 3 × breadth, longer than (1.4 ×) propo- left side only; palp well developed, article 2 dus, posterior margin without lobe; propodus long, 1 × article 3; article 3 long. Lower lip narrow, length 1.8 × breadth, palm slightly inner lobes absent. Maxilla 1 inner plate obtuse, convex, without seta near inner base longer than broad, subrectangular, with 2 api- of dactylus, with several posterodistal robust cal setae; outer plate with 11 strong setal- setae; dactylus slender, falcate. Gnathopod 2 teeth; palp 2-articulate, with 8 apical or api- sexually dimorphic, chelate; coxa deeper than comedial setae. Maxilla 2 inner plate narrow, wide; basis without anterodistal lobe; car- outer plate broader; inner plate with apical pus/propodus cantilevered on narrow hinge; slender setae, without medial slender setae, carpus subrectangular, long, length 3.2 × without oblique row of slender setae; outer breadth, longer than (1.2 ×) propodus, not plate with apical slender setae, without me- produced; propodus narrow, length 2.9 × dial slender setae. Maxilliped inner plate breadth, not produced posterodistally, palm medium size, reaching about halfway along slightly obtuse, slightly convex, smooth, merus, subrectangular, without nodular setae, without seta near inner base of dactylus, with without apicomedial setae, oblique setal row several posterodistal robust setae; dactylus with about 20 long plumose setae; outer plate slender, falcate, inner margin with long setae. subovate, reaching to end of merus, with 3 Pereiopod 3 coxa deeper than wide; merus pappose setae along apical margin, with 10 long, length about 1.5 × breadth, anterior mar- robust setae along medial margin, without gin slightly expanded; carpus long, length submarginal setae; palp large, 4-articulate; about 2 × breadth; propodus length about 2.5 carpus broad, length 1.1 × propodus, with se- × breadth, with 2 setae along posterior mar- tose inner margin; propodus long, length 3.1 gin. Pereiopod 4 coxa slightly deeper than × broad, without setose inner margin; dacty- wide, with a subquadrate posteroventral lobe; lus cone-like, unguis absent. merus long, length about 1.8 × breadth, an- Pereion.—Gnathopod 1 not sexually di- terior margin slightly expanded. Pereiopod 5 morphic, slightly chelate, subequal to gnatho- coxa wider than deep, with posteroventral LOWRY AND BARNARD: REVISION OF AMPHIPOD GENUS SANCHO 239 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021

Fig. 7. Sancho platynotus Stebbing, 1897, neotype f, 3.9 mm, AM P58144, f, 3.5 mm, AM P58143, A1, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia. Scale bars = 0.1 mm. lobe; basis strongly expanded posteriorly, pod 6 coxa as wide as deep, with well-de- with robust setae along anterior margin; veloped posteroventral lobe; basis expanded, merus short, length about 1 × breadth; car- with slender setae along anterior margin, pos- pus long, subrectangular, length about 1.5 × terior margin slightly rounded, smooth; merus breadth; propodus subrectangular, length long, length 1.2 × breadth; carpus long, length about 3 × breadth, with 3 rows of slender se- 3 × breadth; propodus subrectangular, length tae and 5 robust setae along anterior margin, about 3 × breadth, with 3 rows of slender se- not expanded distally, with about 5 rows of tae along anterior margin, without distal ro- setae along posterior margin; dactylus short, bust setae; dactylus slightly curved, with sub- slightly curved, inner margin smooth. Pereio- terminal seta on posterior margin. Pereiopod 240 JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY, VOL. 21, NO. 1, 2001 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021

Fig. 8. Sancho platynotus Stebbing, 1897, neotype f, 3.9 mm, AM P58144, m, 3.5 mm, AM P58146, G1, 2, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

7 coxa wider than deep, with broad, shallow 2 apical robust setae; inner ramus with 1 me- posteroventral lobe; basis with posterior mar- dial, 4 lateral, and 4 apical robust setae. Uro- gin straight, smooth. pod 2 peduncle with 5 dorsolateral robust se- Pleon.—Epimeron 3 posteroventral corner tae and 1 dorsomedial robust seta; outer ra- acute with minute notch. Uropod 1 peduncle mus shorter than inner; outer ramus with 4 with 6 dorsolateral robust setae and 5 dorso- lateral, 4 medial and 2 apical robust setae; in- medial robust setae; outer ramus shorter than ner ramus with 4 medial, 6 lateral and 2 api- inner ramus; outer ramus with 3 lateral and cal robust setae. Uropod 3 peduncle short LOWRY AND BARNARD: REVISION OF AMPHIPOD GENUS SANCHO 241 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021

Fig. 9. Sancho platynotus Stebbing, 1897, neotype f, 3.9 mm, AM P58144, m, 3.5 mm, AM P58146, *f, 3.5 mm, AM P58147, Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia. Scale bars for P1–P7 = 0.2 mm, for U1–U3 and T = 0.1 mm. without dorsolateral and robust setae; outer sal slender setae, distal margins truncated, ramus shorter than inner; outer ramus with 4 without apical penicillate setae, with 1 api- lateral and 2 medial; inner ramus with 7 me- cal slender seta on each lobe, without apical dial and 5 lateral robust setae. Telson notched, robust setae. as long as broad, length about 1 × breadth, Male.—Based on adult male, 3.5 mm. without dorsal robust setae, with sparse dor- Gnathopod 1 subchelate, smaller than gnatho- 242 JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY, VOL. 21, NO. 1, 2001 pod 2; anteroventral margin slightly pro- Huggett for collecting the animals that form the basis of duced, subquadrate; length 2.6 × breadth, (1.2 this paper. I would like to thank Jerry Barnard, who ini- × × tially recognised S. kuiteri as a close relative of S. ) propodus; length 1.4 breadth, palm trans- platynotus and initiated this study. I thank Helen Stod- verse, straight. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; car- dart, who made the whole drawing of S. platyno- pus subovate, length 2.8 × breadth, shorter tus and also made many useful comments on the manu- than (0.6 ×) propodus; propodus broad, length script; Rachael Peart, who illustrated the rest of S. × platynotus; and John Hooper, who identified the sponges. 1.4 breadth, palm slightly acute, slightly Finally, this paper is dedicated to Arthur Humes, who concave, smooth; inner margin with short se- did not study amphipods but for many years provided us tae. Pereiopod 5 with long slender setae along with inspirational copepod and with the won- anterior margin; with 3 rows of robust setae derful Journal of Crustacean Biology.

along anterior margin. Pereiopod 6 with slen- Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/jcb/article/21/1/231/2679983 by guest on 01 October 2021 LITERATURE CITED der setae along crenate anterior margin. Barnard, J. L. 1969. The families and genera of marine gammaridean Amphipoda.—United States National Habitat.—Living in association with the Museum Bulletin 271: 1–535. sponges Antho (Isopenectya) chartacea, ———, and G. Karaman. 1991. The families and genera Callyspongia sp., Phorbas sp., Mycale of marine gammaridean Amphipoda (except marine (Carmia) sp., Phoriospongia cf. kirki, and gammaroids).—Records of the Australian Museum, Holopsamma laminaefavosa Supplement 13(2): 419–866. . Barnard, K. H. 1931. Amphipoda.—Discovery Reports 5: 1–326. Remarks.—See comments under S. kuiteri. Stebbing, T. R. R. 1888. Report on the Amphipoda col- lected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years Distribution.—Port Jackson and Botany Bay, 1873–1876.—Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years New South Wales, Australia. 1873–76, Zoology 29: 1–1737, pls. 1–210. ———. 1897. Amphipoda from the Copenhagen Museum ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS and other sources.—Transactions of the Linnean Soci- At the time of Jerry Barnard’s death (1991), he and I ety of London, (Zoology) 7: 25–45. had illustrated and described Sancho kuiteri. We could ———. 1906. Amphipoda I. .—Das Tier- not finish the paper because we had no material of S. reich 21: 1–806. platynotus. After Megan Huggett collected S. platynotus (1998), I finished the paper more or less as we had RECEIVED: 10 April 2000. planned. I would like to thank Rudi Kuiter and Megan ACCEPTED: 5 June 2000.