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Frontal and the Medial Compartments of Thigh

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Frontal and the Medial Compartments of Thigh Lecture 16 Please check our Editing File. {وَﻣَﻦْ ﻳَﺘَﻮَﻛﻞْ ﻋَﻠَﻰ اﻟﻠﻪِ ﻓَﻬُﻮَ ﺣَﺴْﺒُﻪُ} ھﺬا اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻻ ﯾﻐﻨﻲ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺼﺪر اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺬاﻛﺮة Objectives ● List the name of muscles of anterior compartment of thigh. ● Describe the anatomy of muscles of anterior compartment of thigh regarding: origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions. ● List the name of muscles of medial compartment of thigh. ● Describe the anatomy of muscles of medial compartment of thigh regarding: origin, insertion, nerve supply and actions. ● Describe the anatomy of femoral triangle & adductor canal regarding: site, boundaries and contents. ● Text in BLUE was found only in the boys’ slides ● Text in PINK was found only in the girls’ slides ● Text in RED is considered important ● Text in GREY is considered extra notes Team 436 Or lateral Or medial The thigh is divided into 3 compartments by 3 intermuscular septa (extending from deep fascia into femur) Medial Compartment: • Adductors of hip: Anterior Compartment: 1- Adductor longus muscle. •Extensors of knee: 2- Adductor brevis muscle. Quadriceps femoris. 3- Adductor magnus • Flexors of hip: (adductor part) muscle. 1-Sartorius muscle. ,L 4- Gracilis muscle. femur 2-Pectineus muscle. • Nerve supply: 3- psoas major muscle. Obturator nerve. 4- Iliacus muscle. • Nerve supply: Posterior Compartment: Femoral nerve. • Flexors of knee & extensors of hip: Hamstrings muscle. • Nerve supply: Longus = Long Brevis = Short Sciatic nerve. Magnus = Big Anterior compartment 1- Quadriceps femoris (4 muscles): Rectus Vastus Vastus Vastus femoris intermedius medialis lateralis Anterior Front of shaft Posterior Posterior inferior of femur border of border of origin iliac spine femur femur “linea (Hip bone) “linea aspera” aspera” Into PATELLA (is a sesamoid bone) *final insertion (Tuberosity of tibia) insertion *From patella into TUBEROSITY OF TIBIA through ligamentum patellae (patellar ligament) Nerve Femoral nerve supply Action Extension of knee joint Anterior compartment 2- Sartorius origin Anterior superior iliac spine. Upper part of medial surface of tibia insertion SGS: same insertion S: sartorius G: gracilis S: semitendinosus Nerve supply Femoral nerve Hip joint: Flexion, Abduction and Lateral rotation. (Tailor’s position) Knee joint: Flexion. ﻟﻣﺎ ﺗﺗرﺑﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرض Action Anterior compartment 3- pectineus origin Superior pubic ramus insertion Back of femur (below lesser trochanter) Nerve supply Femoral nerve Flexion & adduction of Hip joint. Action Anterior compartment 4- ILIOPSOAS: ILIACUS & PSOAS MAJOR اﻷورﺟن ﯾﺧﺗﻠف ﺑس ﻟﮭم ﻧﻔس اﻻﻧﺳﯾرﺷن Iliacus: ilium of hip bone origin Psoas: transverse process of lumbrical vertebral Lesser trochanter of femur insertion Femoral nerve Nerve supply Flexion of hip joint Action Medial compartment Adductor Adductor Adductor Gracilis longus brevis magnus (The most (adductor medial ) Extra for part) understanding Body of 1-Body of 1-Inferior pubic ramus pubis pubis 2- ischial ramus origin 2- inferior pubic ramus Upper part Origins are shown in red arrows of medial Insertions are shown in blue arrows surface of insertion Posterior border of femur ( Linea Aspera) tibia *SGS* Note that Adductor magnus and Gracilis have the (behind same origin as mentioned in the boys slides, sartorius) according to Gray's Anatomy for Students Nerve supply Obturator nerve Extra notes: -Adductor magnus is greater than longus -Gracilis muscle is the second one from SGS which share Adduction of hip joint Action the same insertion ((Upper part of medial N.B.: Gracilis also flexes knee joint + adduction of thigh surface of tibia)) FEMORAL TRIANGLE CONTENTS: • Site: •Femoral vein Both vein & artery are enclosed in Upper 1/3 of front of thigh. •Femoral artery a fascial envelope (Femoral sheath). •Femoral nerve “the nerve is outside femoral sheath”. •BOUNDARIES: •Deep inguinal lymph nodes. o Base: inguinal ligament. o Lateral: medial border of sartorius. o Medial: medial border of adductor longus. • ROOF: o Skin. o Fasciae*: superficial & deep. • FLOOR: From medial to lateral oAdductor longus muscle. oPectineus muscle. oPsoas major muscle. oIliacus muscle. *fasciae = connective tissue ADDUCTOR CANAL (Subsartorial canal) اﺳم آﺧر ﻟﮭﺎ ، ﻷﻧﮭﺎ ﺗﻘﻊ (Deep to Sartorius muscle) •DEFINITION: intermuscular passage of A fascial envelope for femoral artery & vein to become the popliteal vessels in the popliteal fossa at the back of knee. • Team 436: (Other def: it is an aponeurotic tunnel of femoral artery & vein) . • SITE: In middle 1/3 of front of thigh. • EXTENT: From apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus (in adductor magnus). Located deep to Sartorius muscle. • BOUNDARIES: Roof: Sartorius muscle. Floor: Adductor longus & magnus muscles. MCQs (1) the thigh is divided into? (4) the insertion of adductor longus? A- 2 compartments A- posterior border of femur (linea aspera) B- 3 compartments B- upper part of medial surface of tibia C- 4 compartments C- front of shaft of femur (2) flexor of the hip? (5) the base of femoral triangle? A- sartorius A- medial border of adductor longus B- adductor longus B- medial border of sartorius C- adductor brevis C- inguinal ligament (3) the origin of sartorius ? SAQ A- anterior superior iliac spine (1) Where is the femoral triangle located? B- anterior inferior iliac spine C- front of the shaft of femur (2) What’s the content of the femoral triangle floor from medial to lateral? (3) Name 3 muscles that are supplied by femoral nerve? Answers (MCQs) Answers (SAQ) 1-B (1) Upper 1/3 of front of thigh. (2) Adductor longus muscle. 2-A oPectineus muscle. oPsoas major muscle. 3-A oIliacus muscle (3) 4-A 1-Sartorius muscle. 2-Pectineus muscle. 3- psoas major muscle. 5-C 4- Iliacus muscle. Team Members Lamia Abdullah Alkuwaiz (Team Leader) Faisal Fahad Alsaif (Team Leader) Rawan Mohammad Alharbi Abdulaziz Al dukhayel Abeer Alabduljabbar Afnan Abdulaziz Almustafa Maha Barakah Fahad Alfaiz Abdulmajeed Ahad Algrain Majd Khalid AlBarrak Akram Alfandi Alwardi Alanoud Almansour Norah Alharbi Saad Aloqile Abdulrahman Alageel Albandari Alshaye Nouf Alotaibi Saleh Almoaiqel Rayyan Almousa AlFhadah abdullah alsaleem Noura Mohammed Alothaim Abdulaziz Alabdulkareem Sultan Alfuhaid Arwa Alzahrani Rahaf Turki Alshammari Abdullah Almeaither Ali Alammari Dana Abdulaziz Alrasheed Reham Alhalabi Yazeed Aldossari Fahad alshughaithry Dimah Khalid Alaraifi Rinad Musaed Alghoraiby Muath Alhumood Fayez Ghiyath Ghada Alhaidari Sara Alsultan Abdulrahman Almotairi Aldarsouni Ghada Almuhanna Shahad Alzahrani Mohammed Alquwayfili Ghaida Alsanad Wafa Alotaibi Abdulelah Aldossari Hadeel Khalid Awartani Wejdan Fahad Albadrani Abdulrahman Alduhayyim Abduljabbar Al-yamani Haifa Alessa Wjdan AlShamry Hamdan Aldossari Sultan Al-nasser Khulood Alwehabi Abdullah Alqarni Majed Aljohani Layan Hassan Alwatban Mohammed Alomar Zeyad Al-khenaizan Lojain Azizalrahman Abdulrahman Aldawood Mohammed Nouri Lujain Tariq AlZaid Saud Alghufaily Abdulaziz Al-drgam Hassan Aloraini Fahad Aldhowaihy Khalid Almutairi Omar alyabis.
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