USDA Forest Service Understanding i- – Appendix 6: Invasive

APPENDIX 6

Invasive Plant Species

The following is a list of invasive tree and species by state that are included in i-Tree database (version 6). Each list of is followed by the reference of the source which were obtained circa 2014. Some of the Web addresses are no longer working; some have been relocated to alternative sites. State-specific invasive species lists will be updated in the future.

Alabama Ailanthus altissima Lonicera japonica Poncirus trifoliate Albizia julibrissin Lonicera maackii Pyrus calleryana Ardisia crenata Rosa bracteata Cinnamomum camphora Lonicera x bella Rosa multiflora Elaeagnus pungens Mahonia bealei Triadica sebifera Elaeagnus umbellata Melia azedarach fordii Ligustrum japonicum Nandina domestica sinensis Ligustrum lucidum Paulownia tomentosa Ligustrum sinense Polygonum cuspidatum

Alabama Invasive Plant Council. 2007. 2007 plant list. Athens, GA: Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council. http://www.se-eppc.org/ alabama/2007plantlist.pdf

Alaska Alnus glutinosa Sorbus aucuparia arborescens Polygonum cuspidatum Cytisus scoparius Prunus padus

Alaska National Heritage Program. 2014. Non-Native plant data. Anchorage, AK: University of Alaska Anchorage. http://aknhp.uaa.alaska.edu/botany/akepic/non-native-plant-species- list/#content

Arizona Alhagi maurorum Rhus lancea parviflora Elaeagnus angustifolia Tamarix aphylla Tamarix ramosissima Euryops multifidus Tamarix chinensis Ulmus pumila

Arizona Wildland Invasive Plant Working Group. 2005. Invasive non-native that threaten wildlands in Arizona. Phoenix, AZ: Southwest Vegetation Management Association https:// www.swvma.org/wp-content/uploads/Invasive-Non-Native-Plants-that-Threaten-Wildlands-in- Arizona.pdf (Accessed Sept 3. 2019)

Appendix 6 in: Nowak, David J. 2020. Understanding i-Tree: Summary of programs and methods. General Technical Report NRS-200. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station. https://doi. org/10.2737/NRS-GTR-200-Appendix6

1 USDA Forest Service Understanding i-Tree – Appendix 6: Invasive Plant Species

Arkansas Ailanthus altissima Lonicera japonica Pyrus calleryana Albizia julibrissin Lonicera maackii Rhamnus cathartica Baccharis halimifolia Lonicera morrowii Rosa multiflora Melia azedarach Triadica sebifera Ligustrum lucidum Nandina domestica Photinia serratifolia Ligustrum sinense Paulownia tomentosa Lonicera fragrantissima Poncirus trifoliata Wisteria floribunda

Jardine, J.; Witsell, T. Working list of non-native invasive plant species of concern to natural areas in Arkansas. Arkansas Native Plant Society. http://www.deltic.com/hunting/ANPS%20 INVASIVES%20LIST.pdf

California Ailanthus altissima Genista monspessulana Carpobrotus edulis Polygonum cuspidatum Tamarix ramosissima Cytisus scoparius Ricinus communis Triadica sebifera Elaeagnus angustifolia Schinus molle Ulex europaeus Eucalyptus globulus Schinus terebinthifolius

California Invasive Species Advisory Committee. 2010. The California invasive species list. Sacramento, CA: Invasive Species Council of California. http://www.iscc.ca.gov/docs/ CaliforniaInvasiveSpeciesList.pdf

Colorado Alhagi maurorum Tamarix chinensis Tamarix ramosissima Elaeagnus angustifolia Tamarix parviflora

Colorado Weed Management Association. 2012. Colorado’s noxious weed list. Arvada, CO: Colorado Weed Management Association. https://cwma.org/weed-information/weed-list/

Connecticut Acer ginnala Frangula alnus Paulownia tomentosa Acer platanoides Ligustrum vulgare Polygonum cuspidatum Acer pseudoplatanus Ligustrum obtusifolium Populus alba Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum ovalifolium Rhamnus cathartica Amorpha fruticose Lonicera japonica Robinia pseudoacacia Berberis thunbergii Lonicera maackii Rosa multiflora Berberis vulgaris Lonicera morrowii Rosa rugosa Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera tatarica phoenicolasius Elaeagnus umbellate Lonicera x bella Euonymus alatus

Connecticut Invasive Plant Working Group. 2013. Invasive plant list. Storrs, CT: University of Connecticut. http://cipwg.uconn.edu/invasive_plant_list/

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Delaware Acer platanoides Ligustrum vulgare Polygonum cuspidatum Acer pseudoplatanus Lonicera japonica Rhodotypos scandens Ailanthus altissima Lonicera maackii Rosa multiflora Berberis thunbergii Lonicera morrowii Rubus phoenicolasius Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera tatarica Wisteria floribunda Euonymus alatus Pinus thunbergiana

McAvoy, W.A. 2001. Invasive plant species in Delaware. Dover, DE: Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control. http://www.dnrec.state.de.us/fw/invasive.htm.

Florida Adenanthera pavonina Elaeagnus pungens Pittosporum pentandrum Albizia julibrissin Eugenia uniflora Psidium cattleianum Albizia lebbeck Ficus altissima Psidium guajava Alstonia macrophylla Ficus thonningii Ptychosperma elegans Ardisia crenata Flacourtia indica Rhodomyrtus tomentosus Ardisia elliptica Hibiscus tiliaceus Ricinus communis Arecastrum romanzoffianum Jasminum sambac Schefflera actinophylla Bauhinia variegata Lantana camara Schinus terebinthifolius Bischofia javanica Leucaena leucocephala Solanum torvum Broussonetia papyrifera Ligustrum lucidum Stachytarpheta cayennensis Calophyllum antillanum Ligustrum sinense Syagrus romanzoffiana Casuarina cunninghamiana Livistona chinensis Syzygium cumini Casuarina equisetifolia Lonicera japonica Syzygium jambos Casuarina glauca Manilkara zapota Terminalia muelleri Cecropia palmata Melaleuca quinquenervia Terminalia catappa Cestrum diurnum Melia azedarach Thespesia populnea Chamaedorea seifrizii Mimosa pellita Triadica sebifera Cinnamomum camphora Murraya exotica Vernicia fordii Colubrina asiatica Nandina domestica Vitex trifolia Cupaniopsis anacardioides Paederia foetida Washingtonia robusta Dalbergia sissoo Phoenix reclinata Wisteria sinensis

Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council. 2007. Florida EPPC’s 2007 invasive plant species list. Athens, GA: Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council. https://www.fleppc.org/list/2007/07list.htm

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Georgia Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum japonicum Paulownia tomentosa Albizia julibrissin Ligustrum lucidum Polygonum cuspidatum Ardisia crenata Ligustrum sinense Poncirus trifoliata Berberis thunbergii Lonicera fragrantissima Pyrus calleryana Broussonetia papyrifera Lonicera japonica Rosa multiflora Cinnamomum camphora Lonicera maackii Spiraea japonica Elaeagnus pungens Mahonia bealei Tamarix gallica Elaeagnus umbellata Melia azedarach Triadica sebifera Euonymus fortunei Morus alba Vernicia fordii Hibiscus syriacus Nandina domestica Wisteria sinensis Lantana camara Paederia foetida Georgia Exotic Pest Plant Council. 2006. List of non-native invasive plants in Georgia. Athens, GA: Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council. https://www.gaeppc.org/list/

Hawaii confusa Elaeagnus umbellata Photinia davidiana Ardisia crenata Eriobotrya japonica Pimenta dioica Ardisia elliptica Ficus thonningii Pimenta racemosa Bocconia frutescens Fuchsia boliviana Pinus patula Buddleja davidii Fuchsia magellanica Piper auritum Buddleja madagascariensis Fuchsia paniculata Pittosporum pentandrum Caesalpinia decapetala Grevillea robusta Pittosporum undulatum Carmona retusa Lantana camara Pittosporum viridiflorum Cestrum diurnum Leptospermum scoparium Prosopis juliflora Cestrum nocturnum Ligustrum lucidum Psidium cattleianum Chrysophyllum oliviforme Ligustrum sinense Pyracantha angustifolia Cinnamomum burmannii Lonicera japonica Rhodomyrtus tomentosus Citharexylum caudatum Medinilla venosa Schinus molle Citharexylum spinosum Melaleuca quinquenervia Schinus terebinthifolius Clerodendrum chinense Melastoma candidum Spathodea campanulata Clerodendrum macrostegium Melastoma sanguineum Terminalia catappa Clusia rosea Melia azedarach Tetrazygia bicolor Conocarpus erectus Miconia calvescens Tibouchina granulosa Cotoneaster pannosus Montanoa hibiscifolia Tibouchina urvilleana Cupaniopsis anacardioides Morella faya Ulex europaeus Cyathea cooperi Ochna thomasiana Schefflera actinophylla Dillenia suffruticosa Olea europaea Duranta erecta Pereskia aculeata Hawaii State Alien Species Coordinator. 2012. Hawaii’s most invasive horticultural plants. Honolulu, HI: Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife. http://www.gchonolulu.org/FlowerShow2012/HORTICULTURAL%20PLANTS%20Invasive.PDF 4 USDA Forest Service Understanding i-Tree – Appendix 6: Invasive Plant Species

Idaho Alhagi maurorum Prosopis calingastana Prosopis palmeri Cytisus scoparius Prosopis campestris Prosopis reptans Cytisus striatus Prosopis castellanosii Prosopis rojasiana Genista monspessulana Prosopis denudans Prosopis ruizlealii Lycium ferocissimum Prosopis elata Prosopis ruscifolia Melaleuca quinquenervia Prosopis farcta Prosopis sericantha Melastoma malabathricum Prosopis ferox Prosopis strombulifera Prosopis alpataco Prosopis fiebrigii Prosopis torquata Prosopis argentina Prosopis hassleri Prosopis velutina Prosopis articulata Prosopis humilis Spartium junceum Prosopis burkartii Prosopis kuntzei Tamarix ramosissima Prosopis caldenia Prosopis pallida

USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Plants Database. 2017. Introduced, invasive, and noxious plants [for Oregon]. https://plants.usda.gov/java/noxious?rptType=State&statefips=41. Stoddard, S.W.; Johnson, W.S.; Wilson, R.E. Invasive plants in Nevada: An identification handbook. Reno, NV: University of Nevada, Cooperative Extension. http://www.unce.unr.edu/ publications/files/ag/other/sp9603.pdf

Illinois Acer ginnala Lonicera japonica Polygonum cuspidatum Acer platanoides Lonicera maackii Populus alba Ailanthus altissima Lonicera x minutiflora Pyrus calleryana Berberis thunbergii Lonicera morrowii Rhamnus cathartica Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera x notha Rhamnus davurica Elaeagnus pungens Rhamnus japonica Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera standishii Rhamnus utilis Euonymus alatus Lonicera tatarica Rhodotypos scandens Euonymus fortunei Lonicera x bella Robinia pseudoacacia Frangula alnus Lonicera x xylosteoides Rosa multiflora Ligustrum obtusifolium Lonicera xylosteum Ulmus pumila Ligustrum vulgare Maclura pomifera Wisteria floribunda Lonicera x heckrottii Morus alba Wisteria sinensis

Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health. 2009. Illinois invasive plant list. Athens, GA: Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, Invasive.org. http://www.invasive.org/species/

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Indiana Acer platanoides Ligustrum obtusifolium Paulownia tomentosa Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum vulgare Polygonum cuspidatum Alnus glutinosa Lonicera japonica Rhamnus cathartica Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera maackii Robinia pseudoacacia Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera morrowii Rosa multiflora Euonymus alatus Lonicera tatarica Rubus phoenicolasius Euonymus fortunei Lonicera x bella Ulmus pumila Frangula alnus Morus alba opulus v americanum

Indiana Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey. 2007. Indiana’s “Most Unwanted” invasive plant pest list - FY 2007. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University, Purdue Extension Entomology. http:// www.extension.entm.purdue.edu/CAPS/downloads/IndianaInvasivePlantPestList.pdf

Iowa Acer platanoides Lonicera fragrantissima Morus alba Ailanthus altissima Lonicera maackii Polygonum cuspidatum Berberis thunbergii Lonicera morrowii Rhamnus cathartica Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera standishii Robinia pseudoacacia Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera tatarica Rosa multiflora Euonymus alatus Lonicera x bella Ulmus parvifolia Frangula alnus Lonicera xylosteum Ulmus pumila

Forest Invasive Plants Resource Center. 2006. Iowa. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry. http://na.fs.fed.us/spfo/invasiveplants/ states/ia.asp

Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Invasive Plants. Des Moines, IA: Department of Natural Resources, Forestry Bureau. http://www.iowadnr.gov/Environment/Forestry/ForestHealth/ InvasivePlants.aspx

Kansas Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera maackii Tamarix parviflora Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera tatarica Tamarix ramosissima Euonymus fortunei Rhamnus cathartica Lonicera japonica Rosa multiflora

Kansas Native Plant Society. 2006. Invasive Plants of Kansas. Lawrence, KS: R.L. McGregor Herbarium, University of Kansas. http://www.kansasnativeplantsociety.org/invasive_plants.htm

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Kentucky Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum sinense Morus alba Albizia julibrissin Ligustrum vulgare Paulownia tomentosa Berberis thunbergii Lonicera japonica Polygonum cuspidatum Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera maackii Populus alba Euonymus alatus Lonicera morrowii Rosa multiflora Euonymus fortunei Lonicera tatarica Spiraea japonica

Kentucky Exotic Pest Plant Council. 2013. Kentucky exotic pest plant council. Athens, GA: Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, Southeast Exotic Pest Plant. http://www.se-eppc.org/ ky/list.htm

Louisiana Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum sinense Pyracantha coccinea Albizia julibrissin Lonicera fragrantissima Pyrus calleryana Ardisia crenata Lonicera japonica Quercus acutissima Baccharis halimifolia Lonicera maackii Rhamnus cathartica Berberis thunbergii Lonicera morrowii Rosa bracteata Broussonetia papyrifera Lonicera standishii Rosa multiflora Cinnamomum camphora Lonicera tatarica Rubus pascuus Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera x bella Rubus phoenicolasius Elaeagnus pungens Mahonia bealei Solanum torvum Elaeagnus umbellata Melia azedarach Spiraea japonica Euonymus alatus Morus alba Spiraea prunifolia Euonymus fortunei Nandina domestica Spiraea thunbergii Firmiana simplex Paulownia tomentosa Hibiscus syriacus Philadelphus coronarius Triadica sebifera Ilex cornuta Photinia serratifolia Vitex agnus-castus Ligustrum vulgare Pistacia chinensis Wisteria floribunda Ligustrum japonicum Polygonum cuspidatum Wisteria sinensis Ligustrum lucidum Poncirus trifoliata Ligustrum obtusifolium Populus alba

Jardine, J.; Witsell, T. Working List of non-native invasive plant species of concern to natural areas in Arkansas. Arkansas Native Plant Society. http://www.deltic.com/hunting/ANPS%20 INVASIVES%20LIST.pdf Mississippi Exotic Pest Plant Council. 2014. Noteworthy exotic plant species of Mississippi. Athens, GA: Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, Southeast Exotic Pest Plant. http:// www.se-eppc.org/mississippi/MS_EPPCList_Ranking_Guidelines.pdf City of Austin, TX. Central Texas invasive plants. https://www.austintexas.gov/sites/default/files/ files/Watershed/invasive/2013_Invasives_guide_small.pdf

Winters, F.; Byrd, J. D.; Bryson, C.T. Mississippi’s 10 worst invasive weeds. Mississippi State, MS: Mississippi State University, Extension Services. http://www.se-eppc.org/pubs/m1194.pdf

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Maine Berberis thunbergii Frangula alnus Polygonum cuspidatum Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera morrowii Rhamnus cathartica Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera tatarica Rosa multiflora

Maine Legislature. 2000. An act to prevent the spread of invasive aquatic plants. Augusta, ME: Maine State Legislature, Office of the Revisor of Statutes.http://www.mainelegislature.org/ros/ LOM/LOM119th/5Pub701-750/5Pub701-750-21.htm

Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation, and Forestry. Various dates. Maine invasive plant fact sheets. Augusta, ME: Department of Agriculture, Conservation, and Forestry, Maine Natural Areas Program. http://www.maine.gov/dacf/mnap/features/invasive_plants/invsheets.htm

Maryland Acer platanoides Lonicera japonica Polygonum cuspidatum Ailanthus altissima Lonicera maackii Pyrus calleryana Berberis thunbergii Lonicera morrowii Rosa multiflora Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera tatarica

Maryland Invasive Species Council. 2014a. Invasive species of concern in Maryland: terrestrial plants. http://www.mdinvasivesp.org/list_terrestrial_plants.html

Maryland Invasive Species Council. 2014b. Invasive species of concern in Maryland: aquatic plants. http://www.mdinvasivesp.org/list_aquatic_plants.html

Massachusetts Acer platanoides Euonymus alatus Lonicera x bella Acer pseudoplatanus Frangula alnus Polygonum cuspidatum Ailanthus altissima Lonicera japonica Rhamnus cathartica Berberis thunbergii Lonicera maackii Robinia pseudoacacia Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera morrowii Rosa multiflora

Massachusetts Invasive Plant Advisory Group. 2005. The evaluation of non-native plant species for invasiveness in Massachusetts. http://www.massnrc.org/mipag/docs/MIPAG_FINDINGS_ FINAL_042005.pdf

Michigan Acer platanoides Frangula alnus Lonicera x bella Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum vulgare Polygonum cuspidatum Alnus glutinosa Lonicera japonica Rhamnus cathartica Berberis thunbergii Lonicera maackii Rhodotypos scandens Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera morrowii Robinia pseudoacacia Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera tatarica Rosa multiflora

Michigan Natural Features Inventory. 2014. Michigan invasive plant species accounts. Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Extension, Michigan Natural Features Inventory. http://mnfi.anr. msu.edu/invasive-species/factsheets.cfm

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Minnesota Acer ginnala Frangula alnus Rhamnus cathartica Acer platanoides Lonicera morrowii Robinia pseudoacacia Berberis thunbergii Lonicera tatarica Ulmus pumila Caragana arborescens Lonicera x bella Elaeagnus angustifolia Polygonum cuspidatum

Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. 2014a. Invasive terrestrial plants. http://www.dnr. state.mn.us/invasives/terrestrialplants/index.html

Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. 2014b. Invasive aquatic plants. http://www.dnr.state. mn.us/invasives/aquaticplants/index.html

Mississippi Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum vulgare Pyracantha coccinea Albizia julibrissin Lonicera fragrantissima Pyrus calleryana Ardisia crenata Lonicera japonica Quercus acutissima Berberis thunbergii Lonicera maackii Rosa bracteata Broussonetia papyrifera Lonicera morrowii Rosa multiflora Cinnamomum camphora Lonicera standishii Rubus pascuus Elaeagnus pungens Lonicera tatarica Rubus phoenicolasius Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera x bella Solanum torvum Euonymus alatus Mahonia bealei Spiraea japonica Euonymus fortunei Melia azedarach Spiraea prunifolia Hibiscus syriacus Nandina domestica Spiraea thunbergii Ilex cornuta Paulownia tomentosa Triadica sebifera Ligustrum japonicum Philadelphus coronarius Wisteria floribunda Ligustrum lucidum Polygonum cuspidatum Wisteria sinensis Ligustrum obtusifolium Poncirus trifoliata Ligustrum sinense Populus alba

Winters, F.; Byrd, J. D.; Bryson, C.T. Mississippi’s 10 worst invasive weeds. Mississippi State, MS: Mississippi State University Extension Services. http://www.se-eppc.org/pubs/m1194.pdf

Mississippi Exotic Pest Plant Council. 2014. Noteworthy exotic plant species of Mississippi. Athens, GA: Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, Southeast Exotic Pest Plant. http:// www.se-eppc.org/mississippi/MS_EPPCList_Ranking_Guidelines.pdf

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Missouri Acer ginnala Ligustrum obtusifolium Rhamnus cathartica Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum sinense Rhamnus davurica Albizia julibrissin Lonicera fragrantissima Robinia hispida Berberis thunbergii Lonicera japonica Robinia pseudoacacia Broussonetia papyrifera Lonicera maackii Rosa multiflora bignonioides Lonicera morrowii Rubus phoenicolasius Elaeagnus pungens Maclura pomifera Spiraea japonica Elaeagnus umbellata Morus alba Tamarix ramosissima Euonymus alatus Paulownia tomentosa Ulmus pumila Euonymus fortunei Polygonum cuspidatum Wisteria floribunda Frangula alnus Populus alba Wisteria sinensis Koelreuteria paniculata Quercus acutissima Missouri Botanical Garden. 2002. Missouri exotic pest plants. St. Louis, MO: Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/mepp/alphalist.shtml

Montana Caragana arborescens Polygonum cuspidatum Ulmus pumila Elaeagnus angustifolia Rhamnus cathartica North Dakota Department of Agriculture. Catalogue of species.

Nebraska Acer ginnala Lonicera maackii Rhamnus cathartica Ailanthus altissima Lonicera morrowii Rhamnus davurica Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera tatarica Robinia pseudoacacia Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera x bella Rosa multiflora Frangula alnus Maclura pomifera Ulmus pumila Lonicera japonica Morus alba

Nebraska Invasive Species Advisory Council. Invasive plants of Nebraska. https://neinvasives.com/ ecoregions/all

Nevada Tamarix ramosissima Stoddard, S.W.; Johnson, W.S.; Wilson, R.E. Invasive plants in Nevada: An identification handbook. Reno, NV: University of Nevada, Cooperative Extension. http://www.unce.unr.edu/ publications/files/ag/other/sp9603.pdf

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New Hampshire Acer platanoides Frangula alnus Polygonum cuspidatum Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum obtusifolium Populus alba Berberis thunbergii Ligustrum vulgare Rhamnus cathartica Berberis vulgaris Lonicera japonica Robinia pseudoacacia Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera maackii Rosa multiflora Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera morrowii Ulmus pumila Euonymus alatus Lonicera tatarica Euonymus fortunei Lonicera x bella

New Hampshire Department of Agriculture. 2012. Prohibited invasive plant species rule. Concord, NH: Department of Agriculture, Division of Plant Industry. http://www.agriculture.nh.gov/ publications-forms/documents/prohibited-invasive-species.pdf.

New Hampshire Department of Agriculture. 2014. List of Restricted Species. Concord, NH: Department of Agriculture, Division of Plant Industry. http://www.agriculture.nh.gov/ publications-forms/documents/restricted-invasive-species.pdf

Cygan, D. 2011. New Hampshire guide to invasive upland plant species, 3rd edition. Concord, NH: Department of Agriculture, Division of Plant Industry. http://www.agriculture.nh.gov/ publications-forms/documents/upland-invasive-species.pdf

11 USDA Forest Service Understanding i-Tree – Appendix 6: Invasive Plant Species

New Jersey Acer platanoides Ligustrum ovalifolium Ribes rubrum Aesculus flava Ligustrum vulgare Robinia hispida Ailanthus altissima Lonicera japonica Robinia pseudoacacia Albizia julibrissin Lonicera maackii Robinia viscosa Alnus glutinosa Lonicera morrowii Rosa canina Amorpha fruticosa Lonicera tatarica Rosa micrantha Aralia spinosa Lycium barbarum Rosa multiflora Berberis thunbergii Magnolia tripetala Rosa rugosa Berberis vulgaris Morus alba Rubus phoenicolasius Broussonetia papyrifera Paulownia tomentosa Salix alba Buddleja davidii Phellodendron japonicum Salix fragilis Catalpa bignonioides Photinia villosa Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Cytisus scoparius Pinus sylvestris Ulmus parvifolia Elaeagnus angustifolia Polygonum cuspidatum Ulmus pumila Elaeagnus umbellata Populus alba Viburnum dilatatum Euonymus alatus Prunus avium Viburnum sieboldii Euonymus fortunei Pyrus calleryana Wisteria floribunda Frangula alnus Rhamnus cathartica Wisteria sinensis Ilex crenata Rhodotypos scandens Ligustrum obtusifolium Rhus aromatica

Native Plant Society of New Jersey. 2004. Appendix to policy directive 2004-02 invasive nonindigenous plant species. https://www.nj.gov/dep/commissioner/policy/pdir2004-02.htm

Ling, H. 2003. Invasive plant species. Native Plant Society of New Jersey. http://www.npsnj.org/ articles/invasive_plant_species.html

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New Mexico Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum vulgare Tamarix parviflora Albizia julibrissin Lonicera japonica Tamarix ramosissima Alhagi maurorum Melia azedarach Toxicodendron radicans Broussonetia papyrifera Morus alba Triadica sebifera Elaeagnus angustifolia Nandina domestica Ulmus pumila Euryops multifidus Pistacia chinensis Vitex agnus-castus Firmiana simplex Rhus lancea Wisteria floribunda Ligustrum japonicum Tamarix aphylla Wisteria sinensis Ligustrum sinense Tamarix chinensis

Arizona Wildland Invasive Plant Working Group. 2005. Invasive non-native plants that threaten wildlands in Arizona. Phoenix, AZ: Southwest Vegetation Management Association. https:// www.swvma.org/wp-content/uploads/Invasive-Non-Native-Plants-that-Threaten-Wildlands-in- Arizona.pdf (accessed Sept. 3, 2019)

Colorado Weed Management Association. 2012. Colorado’s Noxious Weed List. Arvada, CO: Colorado Weed Management Association. https://cwma.org/weed-information/weed-list/

City of Austin, TX. Central Texas invasive plants. https://www.austintexas.gov/sites/default/files/ files/Watershed/invasive/2013_Invasives_guide_small.pdf

New York Acer platanoides Ligustrum obtusifolium Polygonum cuspidatum Ailanthus altissima Lonicera japonica Pyrus calleryana Berberis thunbergii Lonicera maackii Rhamnus cathartica Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera morrowii Robinia pseudoacacia Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera tatarica Rosa multiflora Frangula alnus Lonicera x bella New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Interim invasive species plant list. http://www.dec.ny.gov/animals/65408.html

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North Carolina Acer platanoides Lonicera fragrantissima Poncirus trifoliata Ailanthus altissima Lonicera japonica Pyrus calleryana Albizia julibrissin Lonicera maackii Quercus acutissima Berberis thunbergii Lonicera morrowii Rhamnus cathartica Broussonetia papyrifera Lonicera standishii Rhodotypos scandens Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera tatarica Rosa multiflora Elaeagnus pungens Lonicera x bella Rubus phoenicolasius Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera xylosteum Spiraea japonica Euonymus alatus Mahonia bealei Triadica sebifera Euonymus fortunei Melia azedarach Vitex rotundifolia Hibiscus syriacus Morus alba Wisteria floribunda Ligustrum japonicum Nandina domestica Wisteria sinensis Ligustrum sinense Paulownia tomentosa Ligustrum vulgare Polygonum cuspidatum

Smith, C. 2008. Invasive exotic plants of North Carolina. Charlotte, NC: North Carolina Department of Transportation. http://www.se-eppc.org/northcarolina/NCDOT_Invasive_Exotic_ Plants.pdf

North Carolina Native Plant Society. 2010. Invasive exotic species list. Greensboro, NC: North Carolina Native Plant Society. http://www.ncwildflower.org/invasives/list.htm

North Dakota Caragana arborescens Polygonum cuspidatum Ulmus pumila Elaeagnus angustifolia Rhamnus cathartica

North Dakota Department of Agriculture. Catalogue of species. URL no longer available.

Ohio Ailanthus altissima Frangula alnus Lonicera tatarica Berberis thunbergii Ligustrum obtusifolium Lonicera x bella Elaeagnus angustifolia Ligustrum vulgare Polygonum cuspidatum Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera japonica Rhamnus cathartica Euonymus alatus Lonicera maackii Rosa canina Euonymus fortunei Lonicera morrowii Rosa multiflora

Ohio Division of Natural Areas and Preserves. 2000. Ohio’s invasive plant species. Columbus, OH: Department of Natural Resources, Division of Natural Areas and Preserves.

14 USDA Forest Service Understanding i-Tree – Appendix 6: Invasive Plant Species

Oklahoma Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum sinense Populus alba Albizia julibrissin Lonicera japonica Pyrus calleryana Azolla pinnata Lonicera maackii Rosa multiflora Broussonetia papyrifera Lycium barbarum Tamarix chinensis Elaeagnus angustifolia Melaleuca quinquenervia Tamarix parviflora Elaeagnus pungens Melia azedarach Tamarix ramosissima Elaeagnus umbellata Morus alba Ulmus parvifolia Lantana camara Paulownia tomentosa Ulmus pumila Ligustrum japonicum Polygonum cuspidatum

Oklahoma Native Plant Society; Oklahoma Biological Survey; OSU Natural Resource Ecology and Management. Oklahoma non-native invasive plant species. Norman, OK: Oklahoma Invasive Plant Council. URL no longer available.

Oregon Alhagi maurorum Prosopis calingastana Prosopis palmeri Cytisus scoparius Prosopis campestris Prosopis reptans Cytisus striatus Prosopis castellanosii Prosopis rojasiana Genista monspessulana Prosopis denudans Prosopis ruizlealii Lycium ferocissimum Prosopis elata Prosopis ruscifolia Melaleuca quinquenervia Prosopis farcta Prosopis sericantha Melastoma malabathricum Prosopis ferox Prosopis strombulifera Prosopis alpataco Prosopis fiebrigii Prosopis torquata Prosopis argentina Prosopis hassleri Prosopis velutina Prosopis articulata Prosopis humilis Spartium junceum Prosopis burkartii Prosopis kuntzei Tamarix ramosissima Prosopis caldenia Prosopis pallida

USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Plants Database. 2017. Introduced, invasive, and noxious plants [for Oregon]. https://plants.usda.gov/java/noxious?rptType=State&statefips=41

15 USDA Forest Service Understanding i-Tree – Appendix 6: Invasive Plant Species

Pennsylvania Acer platanoides Frangula alnus Pyrus calleryana Acer pseudoplatanus Ligustrum obtusifolium Rhamnus cathartica Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum vulgare Rosa multiflora Alnus glutinosa Lonicera japonica Rubus phoenicolasius Berberis thunbergii Lonicera maackii Spiraea japonica Berberis vulgaris Lonicera morrowii Ulmus pumila Buddleja davidii Lonicera standishii Viburnum dilatatum Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera tatarica Viburnum plicatum Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera x bella Viburnum sieboldii Euonymus alatus Paulownia tomentosa Wisteria floribunda Euonymus fortunei Polygonum cuspidatum Wisteria sinensis

Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Invasive Plants in Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, PA: Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. http://www. dcnr.state.pa.us/cs/groups/public/documents/document/dcnr_20026634.pdf

Rhode Island Acer platanoides Euonymus alatus Polygonum cuspidatum Ailanthus altissima Lonicera japonica Rhamnus cathartica Berberis thunbergii Lonicera morrowii Rosa multiflora Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera x bella

Rhode Island Invasive Species Council; Rhode Island Natural History Survey. 2001. Invasives: list. http://rinhs.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/RIISC_2001list_wlogos.pdf

South Carolina Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum sinense Rosa bracteata Albizia julibrissin Lonicera fragrantissima Rosa multiflora Berberis thunbergii Lonicera japonica Rubus phoenicolasius Broussonetia papyrifera Mahonia bealei Spiraea japonica Cinnamomum camphora Melia azedarach Tamarix gallica Cytisus scoparius Morus alba Tamarix parviflora Elaeagnus angustifolia Nandina domestica Tamarix ramosissima Elaeagnus pungens Paulownia tomentosa Triadica sebifera Elaeagnus umbellata Polygonum cuspidatum Vitex rotundifolia Euonymus alatus Poncirus trifoliata Wisteria floribunda Euonymus fortunei Populus alba Wisteria sinensis Firmiana simplex Pyrus calleryana Ligustrum japonicum Quercus acutissima

South Carolina Exotic Pest Plant Council. 2008. Invasive species list 2008. Athens, GA: Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health. http://www.invasive.org/species/list.cfm?id=27

16 USDA Forest Service Understanding i-Tree – Appendix 6: Invasive Plant Species

South Dakota Acer ginnala Frangula alnus Morus alba Acer platanoides Lonicera japonica Polygonum cuspidatum Ailanthus altissima Lonicera maackii Rhamnus cathartica Berberis thunbergii Lonicera morrowii Rhamnus davurica Caragana arborescens Lonicera tatarica Robinia pseudoacacia Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera x bella Rosa multiflora Elaeagnus umbellata Maclura pomifera Ulmus pumila

Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. 2014a. Invasive terrestrial plants. http://www.dnr. state.mn.us/invasives/terrestrialplants/index.html

Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. 2014b. Invasive aquatic plants. http://www.dnr.state. mn.us/invasives/aquaticplants/index.html

North Dakota Department of Agriculture. Catalogue of Species. [URL no longer available].

Tennessee Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum obtusifolium Nandina domestica Albizia julibrissin Ligustrum sinense Paulownia tomentosa Berberis thunbergii Ligustrum vulgare Polygonum cuspidatum Broussonetia papyrifera Lonicera fragrantissima Populus alba Buddleja davidii Lonicera japonica Pyrus calleryana Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera maackii Rosa multiflora Elaeagnus pungens Lonicera morrowii Rubus bifrons Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera tatarica Spiraea japonica Firmiana simplex Lonicera x bella Triadica sebifera Ilex crenata Maclura pomifera Wisteria sinensis Koelreuteria paniculata Mahonia bealei Ligustrum japonicum Melia azedarach

Tennessee Exotic Pest Plant Council. 2009. TN-EPPC invasive exotic pest plants in Tennessee. Fairview, TN: Tennessee Exotic Pest Plant Council. https://sites.google.com/site/tnarboretum/ Home/tn-eppc-invasive-exotic-pest-plants-in-tennessee

17 USDA Forest Service Understanding i-Tree – Appendix 6: Invasive Plant Species

Texas Ailanthus altissima Ligustrum sinense Pistacia chinensis Albizia julibrissin Ligustrum vulgare Toxicodendron radicans Broussonetia papyrifera Lonicera japonica Triadica sebifera Elaeagnus angustifolia Melia azedarach Vitex agnus-castus Firmiana simplex Morus alba Wisteria floribunda Ligustrum japonicum Nandina domestica Wisteria sinensis

Watershed Protection Development Review. Central Texas Invasive Plants. Austin, TX: City of Austin, Watershed Protection Development Review.

Utah Alhagi maurorum Rhus lancea Tamarix parviflora Elaeagnus angustifolia Tamarix aphylla Tamarix ramosissima Euryops multifidus Tamarix chinensis Ulmus pumila

Arizona Wildland Invasive Plant Working Group. 2005. Invasive non-native plants that threaten wildlands in Arizona. Phoenix, AZ: Southwest Vegetation Management Association. https:// www.swvma.org/wp-content/uploads/Invasive-Non-Native-Plants-that-Threaten-Wildlands-in- Arizona.pdf (accessed Sept. 3, 2019)

Colorado Weed Management Association. 2012. Colorado’s noxious weed list. Arvada, CO: Colorado Weed Management Association. https://cwma.org/weed-information/weed-list/

Stoddard, S.W.; Johnson, W.S.; Wilson, R.E. Invasive plants in Nevada: An identification handbook. Reno, NV: University of Nevada, Cooperative Extension. http://www.unce.unr.edu/ publications/files/ag/other/sp9603.pdf

Vermont Acer ginnala Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera x bella Acer platanoides Euonymus alatus Lonicera xylosteum Ailanthus altissima Frangula alnus Paulownia tomentosa Alnus glutinosa Ligustrum obtusifolium Polygonum cuspidatum Amorpha fruticosa Lonicera japonica Populus alba Berberis thunbergii Lonicera maackii Rhamnus cathartica Berberis vulgaris Lonicera morrowii Robinia pseudoacacia Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera tatarica Rosa multiflora

Vermont Invasive Exotic Plant Committee. 2005. Invasive species watch list for Vermont. https:// fpr.vermont.gov/sites/fpr/files/Quarantine_WatchListUpdate-2017_November.pdf

Cusack, C.; Plumb, S.; Prince, D. 2011. Developing invasive plant outreach and management projects. Montpelier, VT: The Nature Conservancy (see Table 1.2).

18 USDA Forest Service Understanding i-Tree – Appendix 6: Invasive Plant Species

Virginia Acer platanoides Lonicera fragrantissima Populus alba Ailanthus altissima Lonicera japonica Rosa multiflora Albizia julibrissin Lonicera maackii Rubus phoenicolasius Berberis thunbergii Lonicera morrowii Spiraea japonica Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera standishii Ulmus pumila Elaeagnus pungens Lonicera tatarica Viburnum dilatatum Elaeagnus umbellata Lonicera x bella Vitex rotundifolia Euonymus alatus Melia azedarach Wisteria floribunda Euonymus fortunei Morus alba Wisteria sinensis Ligustrum obtusifolium Paulownia tomentosa Ligustrum sinense Polygonum cuspidatum

Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation. 2009. Invasive alien plant species of Virginia. Richmond, VA: Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage. Original URL unavailable. Updated list: https://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural-heritage/ document/nh-invasive-plant-list-2014.pdf

Washington Amorpha fruticose Spartium junceum Tamarix ramosissima Cytisus scoparius

USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2017. Introduced, invasive, and noxious plants [for Washington]. https://plants.usda.gov/java/noxious?rptType=State&statefips=53

West Virginia

Ailanthus altissima Polygonum cuspidatum Rosa multiflora Elaeagnus umbellata Grafton, E. 2003. Dirty dozen. Charleston,WV: West Virginia Division of Natural Resources, Wildlife Resources. http://www.wvdnr.gov/Wildlife/DirtyDozen.shtm

USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2017. Introduced, invasive, and noxious Plants [for West Virginia]. https://plants.usda.gov/java/noxious?rptType=State&statefips=54

19 USDA Forest Service Understanding i-Tree – Appendix 6: Invasive Plant Species

Wisconsin Acer ginnala Lonicera maackii Rhamnus cathartica Ailanthus altissima Lonicera morrowii Rhamnus frangula Alnus glutinosa Lonicera tatarica Robinia hispida Berberis thunbergii Lonicera x bella Robinia pseudoacacia Berberis vulgaris Morus alba Rosa multiflora Caragana arborescens Paulownia tomentosa Rubus armeniacus Cytisus scoparius Phellodendron amurense Rubus phoenicolasius Elaeagnus angustifolia Polygonum cuspidatum Ulmus pumila Elaeagnus umbellata Populus alba Wisteria floribunda Euonymus alatus Quercus acutissima Wisteria sinensis Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. 2018. Terrestrial invasive species. http://dnr.wi.gov/ topic/Invasives/species.asp?filterBy=Terrestrial&filterVal=Y

Wyoming Acer ginnala Lonicera maackii Rhamnus davurica Ailanthus altissima Lonicera morrowii Robinia pseudoacacia Alhagi maurorum Lonicera tatarica Rosa multiflora Elaeagnus angustifolia Lonicera x bella Tamarix chinensis Elaeagnus umbellata Maclura pomifera Tamarix parviflora Frangula alnus Morus alba Tamarix ramosissima Lonicera japonica Rhamnus cathartica Ulmus pumila

Colorado Weed Management Association. 2012. Colorado’s noxious weed list. Arvada, CO: Colorado Weed Management Association. https://cwma.org/weed-information/weed-list/

Nebraska Invasive Species Advisory Council. Invasive plants of Nebraska. https://neinvasives.com/ ecoregions/all

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