DOCSLIB.ORG

Invasive Plant List

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

NON-NATIVE INVASIVE PLANTS OF ARLINGTON COUNTY, VIRGINIA While up to 40% of the plants found in a typical urban environment are non-native species, a relatively small number of these “alien” plants are known to represent an ecological threat to the natural environment (parks, woodlands, and backyards). Known as “invasive species”, these non-natives will spread from urban plantings into natural areas, eliminate native species, alter natural plant communities, and degrade the environment. The following plants have been documented as invasive species in Arlington. Known invasive plant species should not be planted as part of any Arlington County sponsored project. This list will be periodically reviewed by the Invasive Plant Coordinator (DPR) and updated by Version (date). Invasive Plant Species List Acer spp.: campestre, tataricum var. ginnala Hedge, Amur maple Threat Acer spp.: palmatum, plantanoides, pseudoplatanus Japanese, Norway, Sycamore maple Invasive Actinidia arguta Hardy kiwi Threat Aegopodium podagraria Goutweed Invasive Agrostis capillaris Colonial bent-grass Invasive Ailanthus altissima Tree of Heaven Invasive Akebia quinata Five-leaved akebia Invasive Albizia julibrissin Mimosa Invasive Aldrovanda vesiculosa* Waterwheel Threat Alliaria petiolata Garlic mustard Invasive Alternanthera philoxeroides Alligator weed Invasive Ampelopsis brevipedunculata Porcelainberry Invasive Aralia elata Japanese angelica tree Invasive Artemisia vulgaris Mugwort Invasive Arthraxon hispidus var. hispidus Hairy jointgrass Invasive Arum italicum Italian arum Invasive Arundo donax Giant reed Invasive Bambusa spp.: vulgaris Exotic, common bamboo Invasive Berberis spp.: julianae, thunbergii Wintergreen, common barberry Invasive Buddleia davidii and hybrids Butterfly bush Invasive Carduus nutans Musk thistle Invasive Celastrus orbiculata Asian bittersweet Invasive Centaurea spp. Knapweed Invasive Cirsium spp.: arvense, vulgare Canada, Bull thistle Invasive Clematis terniflora DC Sweet autumn clematis Invasive Commelina communis Common dayflower Invasive Convallaria majalis European lily of the valley Threat Coronilla varia Crown-vetch Invasive Cynanchum spp.: louiseae, rossicum, vincetoxicumx Black, European, white swallowwort Threat Cyrtomium falcatum Japanese net-veined holly fern Threat Dioscorea spp.: oppositifolia, polystachya Chinese yam, Cinnamon vine Invasive Dipsacus fullonum Wild Teasel Invasive Duchesnea indica Indian strawberry Invasive Egeria densa Brazilian Waterweed Threat Eichhornia crassipes* Water Hyacinth Threat Elaeagnus spp.: pungens, umbellata Thorny, Autumn olive Invasive Eleagnus angustifolia Russian olive Threat Eleutherococcus sieboldianus Five-leaf aralia Invasive Epipactis helleborine Helleborine orchid Invasive Eragrostis curvula Weeping lovegrass Invasive Euonymus spp.: alatus, fortunei Burning bush, Wintercreeper Invasive Ficaria verna Lesser Celandine Invasive Frangula alnus Glossy buckthorn Threat Glechoma hederacea Ground ivy Invasive Hedera spp.: helix, hibernica English, Atlantic ivy Invasive Hemerocallis fulva Common daylily Invasive Heracleum mantegazzianum* Giant Hogweed Threat Hibiscus syriacus Rose of Sharon Invasive Holcus lanatus Common Velvet Grass Threat Humulus japonicus Japanese hops Invasive Hydrilla verticillata Hydrilla Invasive Ilex crenata Japanese holly Invasive Ilex spp.: aquifolium, cornuta, English, Chinese holly Threat Imperata spp.: brasiliensis, brevifolia, cylindrical Brazilian, California satintail, cogongrass Threat Ipomoea aquatica* Water spinach Threat Iris pseudocorus Yellow flag iris Invasive Kalopanax septemlobus Castor aralia Invasive Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. Golden raintree Invasive Kummerowia spp.: stipulacea, striata Korean, Japanese clover Invasive Lamiastrum galeobdolon Yellow archangel Invasive Lespedeza spp.: bicolor, cuneata Shrubby, Chinese bushclover Invasive Ligustrum spp.: obtusifolium var. obtusifolium, Border, Chinese, California, European Invasive sinense, ovalifolium, vulgare privet Ligustrum spp.: amurense, lucidum, quihoui Amur, glossy, waxyleaf privet Threat Liriope spp.: muscari, spicata Big blue lilyturf, creeping liriope Invasive Lonicera spp.: fragrantissima, japonica, maackii, Sweet breath of spring, Japanese, Amur Invasive morrowii, tatarica, x bella bush, Morrow’s, Tartarian, Bell's honeysuckle Lonicera spp.: caprifolium, xylosteum Italian, dwarf honeysuckle Threat Ludwigia grandiflora ssp. hexapetala* Large flower primrose willow Threat Lunaria annua Money plant Invasive Lysimachia nummularia Moneywort Invasive Lythrum salicaria Purple loosestrife Invasive Mahonia bealei Leatherleaf mahonia Invasive Malus spp.: baccata, floribunda, hupehensis Siberian, Japanese, Tea crabapple Invasive Malus spp.: prunifolia, sylvestris, toringo Plumleaf, European, Japanese crabapple Threat Melia azedarach Chinaberry Threat Microstegium vimineum Japanese stiltgrass Invasive Miscanthus sacchariflorus Maiden grass Threat Miscanthus sinensis Chinese silvergrass Invasive Morus alba White mulberry Invasive Murdannia keisak Marsh dayflower Invasive Myriophyllum spp.: aquaticum, spicatum Parrot feather, European water-milfoil Invasive Najas minor Brittle Naiad Threat Nandina domestica Heavenly bamboo Invasive Oenanthe javanica Java dropwort Invasive Ophiopogon japonicus Mondo Grass Threat Oplismenus hirtellus ssp. undulatifolius* Wavyleaf Grass Threat Osmanthus heterophyllus Holly osmanthus Invasive Pachysandra terminalis Japanese pachysandra Invasive Parthenocissus tricuspidata Boston ivy Threat Paulownia tomentosa Princess tree Invasive Pennisetum spp.: alopecuroides, setaceum Fountain, Crimson fountain grass Invasive Perilla frutescens Beefsteak plant Invasive Persicaria spp.: longiseta, perfoliata Long-bristled smartweed, Mile-a-minute Invasive Phellodendron amurense Phellodendron Invasive Phellodendron japanicum Japanese corktree Threat Philadelphus spp. Mock orange Invasive Phleum pratense Timothy Invasive Photinia villosa Oriental photinia Threat Phragmites australis ssp. australis Common reed Invasive Phyllostachys spp.: aurea, aureosulcata. Golden, yellow groove bamboo Invasive Picia abies Norway spruce Threat Poa spp.: compressa, trivialis Flat-stemmed, Rough Bluegrass Invasive Polygonum spp.: cespitosum, cuspidatum Bristled, Japanese knotweed Invasive Polygonum orientale Kiss me over the garden gate Threat Populus alba White poplar Threat Prunus spp.: avium, subhirtella Sweet, Higan cherry Invasive Prunus spp.: cerasus, mahaleb, padus Sour, Mahaleb, European bird cherry Threat Pseudosasa japonica Arrow bamboo Invasive Pueraria montana var. lobata Kudzu Invasive Pyracantha spp.: angustifolia, coccinea, crenulata, Narrowleaf, scarlet, Nepalese, firethorn Threat koidzumii Pyrus betulifolia Birchleaf Threat Pyrus calleryana Bradford pear Invasive Quercus acutissima Sawtooth oak Threat Reynoutria japonica Japanese knotweed Invasive Rhamnus cathartica Common buckthorn Threat Rhodotypos scandens Jetbead Invasive Ribes rubrum Cultivated currant Invasive Rosa multiflora Multiflora rose Invasive Rosa spp.: Bracteata, canina, eglanteria, gallica, Macartney, dog, sweetbriar, French, Threat micrantha, rugosa, wichuraiana smallflower sweetbrier, Seaside, memorial Rubus phoenicolasius Wineberry Invasive Rumex spp.:acetosella, crispus ssp. crispus Sheep sorrel, Curly dock Invasive Sagina procumbens Pearlwort Invasive Salix babylonia madsudana, sepulcralis Chinese, Weeping willow Invasive Salvinia molesta* Giant Salvinia Threat Scilla siberica Siberian squill Threat Securigera varia Crown-vetch Invasive Solanum viarum* Tropical Soda Apple Threat Sophora (Styphnolobium) japonicum (L.) Schott Pagoda tree Invasive Sorghum halepense Johnson grass Invasive Spiraea japonica Japanese spiraea Invasive Stellaria media Common Chickweed Invasive Taxus cuspidata Sieb. & Zucc. Japanese yew Threat Thymus praecox Creeping thyme Threat Ulmus spp.: parvifolia, pumila Chinese, Siberian elm Invasive Urtica dioica European Stinging Nettle Invasive Viburnum spp.: dilatatum, plicatum var. Linden, Double-file, tea viburnum Invasive tomentosum, setigerum Veronica hederifolia Ivy-leaved Speedwell Invasive Viburnum lantana, opulus var. opulus, sieboldii Wayfaring tree, European cranberrybush, Threat Siebold viburnum Vinca spp.: major, minor Big leaf periwinkle, periwinkle Invasive Wisteria spp.: floribunda, sinensis Japanese, Chinese wisteria Invasive Zelkova serrata Japanese zelkova Threat Please note that the plants listed above are known to be invasive locally. Additional plant species may be documented as invasive in other locales or represent potential invasive species. A number of public agencies, universities, and conservation non-profit organizations are currently documenting and tracking the spread of non-native invasive species across the country. As field research continues, the number of identified invasive species will increase. In order to insure that the use of invasive species is avoided, a number of data sources are available for vetting purposes. The following PDF files and internet links are considered reliable information resources: Invasive Alien Plant Species of Virginia (DCR) http://www.dcr.virginia.gov/natural_heritage/documents/nh-invasive-plant-list-2014.pdf Terrestrial Invasive Plants of the Potomac River Watershed – Nature Conservancy. www.nature.org/wherewework/northamerica/states/maryland/news/news2699.html Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States – Center for Invasive Species Ecosystem Health, University of Georgia. www.invasiveplantatlas.org/index.html Mid-Atlantic Exotic Pest Plant Council. http://www.ma-eppc.org/ Invasive Plant Atlas of New England. http://nbiinin.ciesin.columbia.edu/ipane/ipanespecies/ipanespecies.htm Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council. http://www.se-eppc.org/ Citation: Zell, G. 2012. Non-native invasive plants of Arlington County, Virginia. Department of Parks, Recreation, and Cultural Resources. Arlington, Virginia. 4 (Version 02-21-13) .
Recommended publications
  • Botanical Survey of Bussey Brook Meadow Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts

    Botanical Survey of Bussey Brook Meadow Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts

    Botanical Survey of Bussey Brook Meadow Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts Botanical Survey of Bussey Brook Meadow Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts New England Wildflower Society 180 Hemenway Road Framingham, MA 01701 508-877-7630 www.newfs.org Report by Joy VanDervort-Sneed, Atkinson Conservation Fellow and Ailene Kane, Plant Conservation Volunteer Coordinator Prepared for the Arboretum Park Conservancy Funded by the Arnold Arboretum Committee 2 Conducted 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................4 METHODS....................................................................................................................................6 RESULTS .......................................................................................................................................8 Plant Species ........................................................................................................................8 Natural Communities...........................................................................................................9 DISCUSSION .............................................................................................................................15 Recommendations for Management ..................................................................................15 Recommendations for Education and Interpretation .........................................................17 Acknowledgments..............................................................................................................19
  • Status of Insectivorous Plants in Northeast India

    Status of Insectivorous Plants in Northeast India

    Technical Refereed Contribution Status of insectivorous plants in northeast India Praveen Kumar Verma • Shifting Cultivation Division • Rain Forest Research Institute • Sotai Ali • Deovan • Post Box # 136 • Jorhat 785 001 (Assam) • India • [email protected] Jan Schlauer • Zwischenstr. 11 • 60594 Frankfurt/Main • Germany • [email protected] Krishna Kumar Rawat • CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute • Rana Pratap Marg • Lucknow -226 001 (U.P) • India Krishna Giri • Shifting Cultivation Division • Rain Forest Research Institute • Sotai Ali • Deovan • Post Box #136 • Jorhat 785 001 (Assam) • India Keywords: Biogeography, India, diversity, Red List data. Introduction There are approximately 700 identified species of carnivorous plants placed in 15 genera of nine families of dicotyledonous plants (Albert et al. 1992; Ellison & Gotellli 2001; Fleischmann 2012; Rice 2006) (Table 1). In India, a total of five genera of carnivorous plants are reported with 44 species; viz. Utricularia (38 species), Drosera (3), Nepenthes (1), Pinguicula (1), and Aldrovanda (1) (Santapau & Henry 1976; Anonymous 1988; Singh & Sanjappa 2011; Zaman et al. 2011; Kamble et al. 2012). Inter- estingly, northeastern India is the home of all five insectivorous genera, namely Nepenthes (com- monly known as tropical pitcher plant), Drosera (sundew), Utricularia (bladderwort), Aldrovanda (waterwheel plant), and Pinguicula (butterwort) with a total of 21 species. The area also hosts the “ancestral false carnivorous” plant Plumbago zelayanica, often known as murderous plant. Climate Lowland to mid-altitude areas are characterized by subtropical climate (Table 2) with maximum temperatures and maximum precipitation (monsoon) in summer, i.e., May to September (in some places the highest temperatures are reached already in April), and average temperatures usually not dropping below 0°C in winter.
  • Protecting the Natural Endangered Heritage in Romania, Croatia, Poland and Slovenia

    Protecting the Natural Endangered Heritage in Romania, Croatia, Poland and Slovenia

    Available online at http://journals.usamvcluj.ro/index.php/promediu ProEnvironment ProEnvironment 11 (2018) 143-157 Review The Rights of Alive – Protecting the Natural Endangered Heritage in Romania, Croatia, Poland and Slovenia CIOANCĂ Lia-Maria1*, Luminița UJICĂ2, Marijana MIKULANDRA3, Ryszard SOŁTYSIK4, Maja ČERNE5 1Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, University Extension Bistrița, Andrei Mureşanu st., no. 3-5, Romania 2High Scool with Sportive Program Bistrița, Calea Moldovei no. 18. Romania 3OŠ Tina Ujevi Osnovna škola Tina Ujevića Koturaška cesta 75 10000 Zagreb, Croatia 4Zespół Szkół Nr1 w Humniskach, 36 – 206, Huminska 264, Poland 5OŠ Rogaška Slatina, Kidričeva ulica 24, 3250 Rogaška Slatina Slovenia Received 23 July 2018; received and revised form 18 September 2018; accepted 25 September 2018 Available online 30 September 2018 Abstract This article deals with the impact of destructive actions of human population on natural world. As a consequence of relying on non-renewable energy sources and reckless encroachment on natural habitats a lot of plant and animal species have become extinct and more and more species are getting endangered. Thus celebrating biodiversity and solidarity for all life forms, from the tiniest one to the most complex eco-systems, has been in the centre of our attention and operational activities. Keywords: durable development, ecology, endangered species. 1. Introduction Within the massive destruction of forests and forest climate, we witness significant changes, Just as the man has passed from the stage of sometimes radical of the environment. For the animal hunter and collector up to animal raiser and farmer, and plants which have survived through a long period the natural vegetation has increasingly been subject of adaptation, a new difficult era starts again.
  • Apiaceae) - Beds, Old Cambs, Hunts, Northants and Peterborough

    Apiaceae) - Beds, Old Cambs, Hunts, Northants and Peterborough

    CHECKLIST OF UMBELLIFERS (APIACEAE) - BEDS, OLD CAMBS, HUNTS, NORTHANTS AND PETERBOROUGH Scientific name Common Name Beds old Cambs Hunts Northants and P'boro Aegopodium podagraria Ground-elder common common common common Aethusa cynapium Fool's Parsley common common common common Ammi majus Bullwort very rare rare very rare very rare Ammi visnaga Toothpick-plant very rare very rare Anethum graveolens Dill very rare rare very rare Angelica archangelica Garden Angelica very rare very rare Angelica sylvestris Wild Angelica common frequent frequent common Anthriscus caucalis Bur Chervil occasional frequent occasional occasional Anthriscus cerefolium Garden Chervil extinct extinct extinct very rare Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley common common common common Apium graveolens Wild Celery rare occasional very rare native ssp. Apium inundatum Lesser Marshwort very rare or extinct very rare extinct very rare Apium nodiflorum Fool's Water-cress common common common common Astrantia major Astrantia extinct very rare Berula erecta Lesser Water-parsnip occasional frequent occasional occasional x Beruladium procurrens Fool's Water-cress x Lesser very rare Water-parsnip Bunium bulbocastanum Great Pignut occasional very rare Bupleurum rotundifolium Thorow-wax extinct extinct extinct extinct Bupleurum subovatum False Thorow-wax very rare very rare very rare Bupleurum tenuissimum Slender Hare's-ear very rare extinct very rare or extinct Carum carvi Caraway very rare very rare very rare extinct Chaerophyllum temulum Rough Chervil common common common common Cicuta virosa Cowbane extinct extinct Conium maculatum Hemlock common common common common Conopodium majus Pignut frequent occasional occasional frequent Coriandrum sativum Coriander rare occasional very rare very rare Daucus carota Wild Carrot common common common common Eryngium campestre Field Eryngo very rare, prob.
  • Edible Weeds Photo Identification Guide

    Edible Weeds Photo Identification Guide

    EAT SOMETHING WILD EVERY DAY EATWEEDS PHOTO GUIDE ROBIN HARFORD EATWEEDS.CO.UK Copyright © 2020 by Robin Harford All rights reserved. This publication or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the author. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this document, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. Eatweeds 47 Old Abbey Court, Salmon Pool Lane Exeter, EX1 2DS, United Kingdom Web: eatweeds.co.uk Instagram: instagram.com/robinjharford 1 Table of Contents Alexanders 4 Black Mustard 7 Bramble 9 Brooklime 11 Burdock 13 Charlock 16 Chickweed 18 Chicory 20 Cleavers 22 Cow Parsley 24 Daisy 26 Dandelion 28 Dock 30 Fat Hen 32 Garlic Mustard 34 Glasswort or Samphire 36 Ground Elder 38 Ground Ivy 40 Himalayan Balsam 42 Hogweed 44 Horseradish 48 Lady's Smock 50 Lesser Celandine 52 Mallow 54 Meadowsweet 56 Mugwort 58 2 Navelwort 60 Oxeye Daisy 62 Plantain, Ribwort 64 Plantain, Greater 66 Primrose 68 Red Clover 70 Rosebay Willowherb 72 Saxifrage 74 Scurvygrass 76 Sea Aster 78 Sea Beet 80 Sea Purslane 82 Selfheal 84 Sorrel 86 Sowthistle 88 Stinging Nettle 90 Three Cornered Leek 92 Violet 94 White Dead Nettle 96 Wild Angelica 98 Wild Garlic 100 Wood Avens 102 Yarrow 104 3 Alexanders Scientific Name Smyrnium olusatrum Family Apiaceae Botanical Description Height: up to 1.5 m. Flowers: greenish-yellow flowers in umbrella-like clusters carry a pungent, myrrh-like scent.
  • Arxiv:1508.05435V1 [Physics.Bio-Ph]

    Arxiv:1508.05435V1 [Physics.Bio-Ph]

    Fast nastic motion of plants and bio-inspired structures Q. Guo1,2, E. Dai3, X. Han4, S. Xie5, E. Chao3, Z. Chen4 1College of Materials Science and Engineering, FuJian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350108, China 2Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application, Fuzhou 350108, China 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA 4Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, NH 03755, USA 5Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA ∗ (Dated: August 25, 2015) The capability to sense and respond to external mechanical stimuli at various timescales is es- sential to many physiological aspects in plants, including self-protection, intake of nutrients, and reproduction. Remarkably, some plants have evolved the ability to react to mechanical stimuli within a few seconds despite a lack of muscles and nerves. The fast movements of plants in response to mechanical stimuli have long captured the curiosity of scientists and engineers, but the mechanisms behind these rapid thigmonastic movements still are not understood completely. In this article, we provide an overview of such thigmonastic movements in several representative plants, including Dionaea, Utricularia, Aldrovanda, Drosera, and Mimosa. In addition, we review a series of studies that present biomimetic structures inspired by fast moving plants. We hope that this article will shed light on the current status of research on the fast movements of plants and bioinspired struc- tures and also promote interdisciplinary studies on both the fundamental mechanisms of plants’ fast movements and biomimetic structures for engineering applications, such as artificial muscles, multi-stable structures, and bioinspired robots.
  • Well-Known Plants in Each Angiosperm Order

    Well-Known Plants in Each Angiosperm Order

    Well-known plants in each angiosperm order This list is generally from least evolved (most ancient) to most evolved (most modern). (I’m not sure if this applies for Eudicots; I’m listing them in the same order as APG II.) The first few plants are mostly primitive pond and aquarium plants. Next is Illicium (anise tree) from Austrobaileyales, then the magnoliids (Canellales thru Piperales), then monocots (Acorales through Zingiberales), and finally eudicots (Buxales through Dipsacales). The plants before the eudicots in this list are considered basal angiosperms. This list focuses only on angiosperms and does not look at earlier plants such as mosses, ferns, and conifers. Basal angiosperms – mostly aquatic plants Unplaced in order, placed in Amborellaceae family • Amborella trichopoda – one of the most ancient flowering plants Unplaced in order, placed in Nymphaeaceae family • Water lily • Cabomba (fanwort) • Brasenia (watershield) Ceratophyllales • Hornwort Austrobaileyales • Illicium (anise tree, star anise) Basal angiosperms - magnoliids Canellales • Drimys (winter's bark) • Tasmanian pepper Laurales • Bay laurel • Cinnamon • Avocado • Sassafras • Camphor tree • Calycanthus (sweetshrub, spicebush) • Lindera (spicebush, Benjamin bush) Magnoliales • Custard-apple • Pawpaw • guanábana (soursop) • Sugar-apple or sweetsop • Cherimoya • Magnolia • Tuliptree • Michelia • Nutmeg • Clove Piperales • Black pepper • Kava • Lizard’s tail • Aristolochia (birthwort, pipevine, Dutchman's pipe) • Asarum (wild ginger) Basal angiosperms - monocots Acorales
  • Vascular Plants at Fort Ross State Historic Park

    Vascular Plants at Fort Ross State Historic Park

    19005 Coast Highway One, Jenner, CA 95450 ■ 707.847.3437 ■ [email protected] ■ www.fortross.org Title: Vascular Plants at Fort Ross State Historic Park Author(s): Dorothy Scherer Published by: California Native Plant Society i Source: Fort Ross Conservancy Library URL: www.fortross.org Fort Ross Conservancy (FRC) asks that you acknowledge FRC as the source of the content; if you use material from FRC online, we request that you link directly to the URL provided. If you use the content offline, we ask that you credit the source as follows: “Courtesy of Fort Ross Conservancy, www.fortross.org.” Fort Ross Conservancy, a 501(c)(3) and California State Park cooperating association, connects people to the history and beauty of Fort Ross and Salt Point State Parks. © Fort Ross Conservancy, 19005 Coast Highway One, Jenner, CA 95450, 707-847-3437 .~ ) VASCULAR PLANTS of FORT ROSS STATE HISTORIC PARK SONOMA COUNTY A PLANT COMMUNITIES PROJECT DOROTHY KING YOUNG CHAPTER CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY DOROTHY SCHERER, CHAIRPERSON DECEMBER 30, 1999 ) Vascular Plants of Fort Ross State Historic Park August 18, 2000 Family Botanical Name Common Name Plant Habitat Listed/ Community Comments Ferns & Fern Allies: Azollaceae/Mosquito Fern Azo/la filiculoides Mosquito Fern wp Blechnaceae/Deer Fern Blechnum spicant Deer Fern RV mp,sp Woodwardia fimbriata Giant Chain Fern RV wp Oennstaedtiaceae/Bracken Fern Pleridium aquilinum var. pubescens Bracken, Brake CG,CC,CF mh T Oryopteridaceae/Wood Fern Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosorum Western lady Fern RV sp,wp Dryopteris arguta Coastal Wood Fern OS op,st Dryopteris expansa Spreading Wood Fern RV sp,wp Polystichum munitum Western Sword Fern CF mh,mp Equisetaceae/Horsetail Equisetum arvense Common Horsetail RV ds,mp Equisetum hyemale ssp.affine Common Scouring Rush RV mp,sg Equisetum laevigatum Smooth Scouring Rush mp,sg Equisetum telmateia ssp.
  • Cytogeography of Glechoma Hederacea Subsp. Grandis (Labiatae) in Japan

    Cytogeography of Glechoma Hederacea Subsp. Grandis (Labiatae) in Japan

    © 2010 The Japan Mendel Society Cytologia 75(3): 255–260, 2010 Cytogeography of Glechoma hederacea subsp. grandis (Labiatae) in Japan Norihito Miura and Yoshikane Iwatsubo* Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Gofuku 3190, Toyama 930–8555, Japan Received February 26, 2010; accepted August 28, 2010 Summary In this study, we examined the chromosomal number for Glechoma hederacea subsp. grandis in a total of 1,030 specimens collected from different distribution areas in Japan. We found that G. hederacea subsp. grandis could be categorized into 3 cytotypes with 2nϭ36 (tetraploid), 2nϭ45 (pentaploid) and 2nϭ54 (hexaploid) chromosomes. Tetraploid plants were found throughout different areas in Japan; however, hexaploid plants were mainly distributed in central Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu. Likewise, pentaploid plant distribution was found to overlap with hexaploid plant distribution areas. The pentaploid plant group appeared only in regions common to both tetraploid and hexaploid plants. All 3 cytotypes were found to have karyotypes which could be represented by the following equations: A) 6Mϩ4mϩ18smϩ8st for tetraploids, B) 6Mϩ15mϩ19smϩ5st for pentaploids, and C) 6Mϩ26mϩ20smϩ2st for hexaploids. Pentaploid specimen karyotypes had half the tetraploid and half the hexaploid chromosomal set, indicating that this specimen was a hybrid between tetraploid and hexaploid plants. Key words Geographic distribution, Glechoma hederacea subsp. grandis, Hybrid, Karyotype, Polyploidy. Glechoma L. (Labiatae), distributed across north temperate zones in Eurasia, is a small genus with 4 to 8 species (Budantsev 2004). One of its species, G. hederacea L., has a wide distribution range occurring spontaneously throughout Eurasia. Furthermore, this species can be divided into subsp. hederacea distributed in Europe, and subsp.
  • Seedling Establishment, Bud Movement, and Subterranean Diversity of Geophilous Systems in Apiaceae

    Seedling Establishment, Bud Movement, and Subterranean Diversity of Geophilous Systems in Apiaceae

    Flora (2002) 197, 385–393 http://www.urbanfischer.de/journals/flora Seedling establishment, bud movement, and subterranean diversity of geophilous systems in Apiaceae Norbert Pütz1* & Ina Sukkau2 1 Institute of Nature Conservation and Environmental Education, University of Vechta, Driverstr. 22, D-49377 Vechta, Germany 2 Institute of Botany, RWTH Aachen, Germany * author for correspondence: e-mail: [email protected] Received: Nov 29, 2001 · Accepted: Jun 10, 2002 Summary Geophilous systems of plants are not only regarded as organs of underground storage. Such systems also undergo a large range of modifications in order to fulfill other ‚cryptical‘ functions, e.g. positioning of innovation buds, vegetative cloning, and vege- tative dispersal. Seedlings should always be the point of departure for any investigation into the structure of geophilous systems. This is because in the ability to survive of geophilous plants it is of primary importance that innovation buds can reach a safe position in the soil by the time the first period hostile to vegetation commences. Our analysis of such systems thus focused on examining the development of 34 species of the Apiaceae, beginning with their germination. Independent of life-form and life-span, all species exhibit noticeable terminal bud movement with the aid of contractile organs. Movement was found to be at least 5 mm, reaching a maximum of 45 mm. All species exhibit a noticeable contraction of the primary root. In most cases the contraction phenomenon also occurs in the hypocotyl, and some species show contraction of their lateral and / or adventitious roots. Analysis of movement shows the functional importance of pulling the inno- vation buds down into the soil.
  • Antibacterial Activity of Different Fractions of Commelina Benghalensis L

    Antibacterial Activity of Different Fractions of Commelina Benghalensis L

    Available online a t www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Pelagia Research Library Der Pharmacia Sinica, 2011, 2 (2): 320-326 ISSN: 0976-8688 CODEN (USA): PSHIBD Antibacterial activity of different fractions of Commelina benghalensis L. Mohammad A A Khan 1*, Mohammad T Islam 1, Md. Ashikur Rahman 2 and Qamrul Ahsan 1 1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern University Bangladesh Shahid Mirza Lane, Mehedibag, Chittagong, Bangladesh 2Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT In Bangladesh the herb Commelina benghalensis L. is used for otitis media, suppurative sores, burns, conjunctivitis and skin diseases (eczema, abscesses, acne, scabies and warts) although the compounds responsible for the medicinal properties have not been identified. In this study the plant was evaluated for antibacterial activity and the extracts (ethanolic, petroleum etheric, diethyl etheric, methanolic and aqueous) were found to possess maximum potency against infectious pathogens Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Shigella boydii, Shigella dysenteriae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The zone of inhibition was observed with almost all bacteria with some exceptions. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the extracts were found to be significant. Key words: Antibacterial activity, Commelina benghalensis
  • Mimosa Diplotricha Giant Sensitive Plant

    Mimosa Diplotricha Giant Sensitive Plant

    Invasive Pest Fact Sheet Asia - Pacific Forest Invasive Species Network A P F I S N Mimosa diplotricha Giant sensitive plant The Asia-Pacific Forest Invasive Species Network (APFISN) has been established as a response to the immense costs and dangers posed by invasive species to the sustainable management of forests in the Asia-Pacific region. APFISN is a cooperative alliance of the 33 member countries in the Asia-Pacific Forestry Commission (APFC) - a statutory body of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The network focuses on inter-country cooperation that helps to detect, prevent, monitor, eradicate and/or control forest invasive species in the Asia-Pacific region. Specific objectives of the network are: 1) raise awareness of invasive species throughout the Asia-Pacific region; 2) define and develop organizational structures; 3) build capacity within member countries and 4) develop and share databases and information. Distribution: South and Scientific name: Mimosa diplotricha C.Wright South-East Asia, the Pacific Synonym: Mimosa invisa Islands, northern Australia, South and Central America, the Common name: Giant sensitive plant, creeping Hawaiian Islands, parts of sensitive plant, nila grass. Africa, Nigeria and France. In India, it currently occurs Local name: Anathottawadi, padaincha (Kerala, throughout Kerala state and in India), banla saet (Cambodia), certain parts of the northeast, duri semalu (Malaysia), makahiyang lalaki especially the state of Assam. Its Flowers (Philippines), maiyaraap thao (Thailand), occurrence in other states is Cogadrogadro (Fiji). unknown and needs to be ascertained. M. diplotricha has Taxonomic position: not attained weed status in the Mimosa stem with prickles Division: Magnoliophyta Americas, Western Asia, East Class: Magnoliopsida, Order: Fabales Africa and Europe.