Urban and Landscape Perspectives

Volume 14

Series Editor Giovanni Maciocco

Editorial Board Abdul Khakee, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå University Norman Krumholz, Levin College of Urban Affairs, Cleveland State University, Ohio Ali Madanipour, School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, Newcastle University Frederick Steiner, School of Architecture, University of Texas, Austin Erik Swyngedouw, School of Environment and Development, University of Manchester Rui Yang, School of Architecture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Tsinghua University, Peking

For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7906 Editorial Committee Paola Pittaluga Silvia Serreli

Project Assistants Monica Johansson Laura Lutzoni Lisa Meloni

Translation Christine Tilley

Aims and Scope

Urban and Landscape Perspectives is a series which aims at nurturing theoretic reﬂ ection on the city and the territory and working out and applying methods and techniques for improving our physical and social landscapes. The main issue in the series is developed around the projectual dimension, with the objective of visualising both the city and the territory from a particular viewpoint, which singles out the territorial dimension as the city’s space of communication and negotiation. The series will face emerging problems that characterise the dynamics of city development, like the new, fresh relations between urban societies and physical space, the right to the city, urban equity, the project for the physical city as a means to reveal civitas, signs of new social cohesiveness, the sense of contemporary public space and the sustainability of urban development. Concerned with advancing theories on the city, the series resolves to welcome articles that feature a pluralism of disciplinary contributions studying formal and informal practices on the project for the city and seeking conceptual and operative categories capable of understanding and facing the problems inherent in the profound transformations of contemporary urban landscapes. Silvia Serreli Editor

City Project and Public Space Editor Silvia Serreli Department of Architecture, Design and Planning University of Sassari Alghero, Italy

ISBN 978-94-007-6036-3 ISBN 978-94-007-6037-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-6037-0 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London

Library of Congress Control Number: 2013937173

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on micro fi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied speci fi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein.

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Contributors

Ivan Ble čić Department of Architecture, Design and Planning , University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Ivan Blečić is a researcher at the Department of Architecture, Design and Urbanism of the University of Sassari. His main interests are urban modelling, simulation and evaluation models especially related to the normative approaches to urban planning and public policy analysis. Alessandra Casu Department of Architecture, Design and Planning, University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Alessandra Casu, PhD (IUAV, Venice, Italy), is a researcher at the University of Sassari, where she teaches Urban Sustainability and Urban and Environmental Design. She has been in charge of some participatory processes in Sardinia: for the urban regeneration of some districts in Cagliari and in Prato; for the strategic plans of Alghero, Castelsardo, and La Maddalena; and for the review of the Regional Landscape Regulatory Plan. Arnaldo “Bibo” Cecchini Department of Architecture, Design and Planning , University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Arnaldo “Bibo” Cecchini obtained his master’s degree in Physics and began his academic career at the IUAV in Venice. He is now Full Professor of Urban Planning at the University of Sassari; he is an expert in urban analysis and modelling techniques including simulations, gaming simulations, cellular automata, scenario techniques and information systems for public participation. Daniela Ciaf ﬁ Department for European Studies and International Integration, University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy Daniela Ciaf ﬁ is an architect working on research at University of Palermo and Turin Polytechnic Spatial Planning Department. She has a PhD in Planning and Local Development and teaches Urban Planning and Community Capacity Building at the Turin, Alghero and Genoa Faculties of Architecture. Her main interest is the relationship between people and the urban environment.

vii viii Contributors

Enrico Cicalò Department of Architecture, Design and Planning , University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Enrico Cicalò is a lecturer and researcher at the University of Sassari. His ﬁ eld of research focuses on the relations between project and public sphere, concentrating in particular on the relations between project action and the processes of representa- tion, perception, communication and fruition. His publications include: Immagini di progetto. La rappresentazione del progetto e il progetto della rappresentazione (Angeli 2010); Spazi pubblici. Progettare la dimensione pubblica della città con- temporanea (Angeli 2009). Lidia Decandia Department of Architecture, Design and Planning , University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Lidia Decandia is Associate Professor of Urban Planning at the University of Sassari where she teaches Design in the Social Context and Urban and Regional History. At the same faculty, she founded and is in charge of “Matrica: a laboratory of urban fermentation”. She is a member of the Urban Planning PhD Committee at the La Sapienza University of Rome. Her most recent publications are Polifonie urbane. Oltre i con ﬁ ni della visione prospettica (2008) and L’apprendimento come espe- rienza estetica (2011). Giovanni Maria Filindeu Department of Architecture, Design and Planning, University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Giovanni Maria Filindeu is an architect with a research degree in Architectural Design, who works as a researcher and contracted lecturer at the Department of Architecture, Urban Planning and Design of Sassari University. His particular interest is the relations between jazz music and the processes of construction and transformation of space. As a musician he has taken part in numerous international jazz festivals and has recorded several CDs. Luc Lévesque History and Theory of Architectural Practices , Université Laval , Quebec City , Canada Luc Lévesque is an architect, professor in History and Theory of Architectural and Design Practices at Université Laval (Quebec City); his recent body of research traces the potentialities of an interstitial approach to urban landscape and urbanism. In 2000, he was one of the cofounders of the urban exploration workshop SYN – with which he has produced different research works and interventions. As a member of the editorial committee of Inter actual art magazine, he has edited many issues dealing with architecture, landscape and urban practices. Ali Madanipour School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , UK Ali Madanipour (MArch, PhD) is Professor of Urban Design and a founding member of Global Urban Research Unit at the School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, Newcastle University, United Kingdom. His latest book, Whose Public Space? International case studies in urban design and development, was published in 2010 by Routledge, London. Contributors ix

Alfredo Mela Interuniversity Department of Regional and Urban Studies and Planning , Turin Polytechnic , Torino , Italy Alfredo Mela obtained a degree in Philosophy at the University of Turin. He is Full Professor of Urban Sociology at Turin Polytechnic and of Environmental Sociology at the Second Faculty of Architecture. His main research themes concern the contribution of sociology to urban planning, the improvement of sustainability at a local scale and the organisation of citizen participation in decisions referring to urban policies and design. Paola Pittaluga Department of Architecture, Design and Planning, University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Paola Pittaluga is Associate Professor of Urban and Environmental planning at Sassari University and chairperson of the B.A. Degree Course and Master Degree in Planning. Her works include: Images of local societies and projects for space (in G. Maciocco, The Territorial Future of the City, Springer 2008), Sustainable touristic development in marginal landscapes (with F. Spanedda in Various Authors, Heritage and Sustainable Development, Green Lines Institute 2010) and Integrating landscape design, environmental rehabilitation, cultural heritage restoration (in Various Authors, Planning Support Tools, FrancoAngeli 2012). Alessandro Plaisant Department of Architecture, Design and Planning , University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Alessandro Plaisant has a PhD in Territorial Engineering and teaches Territorial Planning in the Environmental Science Degree Course at Sassari University; he has contributed to writing various strategic plans, dealing particularly with the explo ration of methods and instruments of public action in urban government. On these themes he has published: “La partecipazione nel governo delle trasformazioni del territo- rio. Strumenti innovativi per costruire la città dei diritti” (“Participation in governing transformation of the territory. Innovative instruments to construct the city of rights”), FrancoAngeli, 2009, and “Costruire Paesaggi. Visioni collettive e partecipate” (“Constructing Landscapes. Collective and participated views”), FrancoAngeli 2010. Davide Ponzini Department of Architecture and Planning, Milan Polytechnic, Milan , Italy Davide Ponzini, PhD, is currently Assistant Professor (Ricercatore) of Urban Planning at Politecnico di Milano, and he was visiting scholar at Yale University, Johns Hopkins University, Columbia University and at Sciences Po Paris. His research interests are planning theory, policy studies and the role of cultural policies in urban development. His research work has been published in international scientiﬁ c journals and books. He is co-author, with Pier Carlo Palermo, of the book “Spatial Planning and Urban Development. Critical Perspectives, Springer”. Gianfranco Sanna Department of Architecture, Design and Planning , University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Gianfranco Sanna is a researcher in Architectural Design. He holds a degree in Architecture from the IUAV in Venice. He carried out his research in Portugal, at the x Contributors

Alvaro Siza studio. At present he is teaching Architectural Design. He has participated in the planning and preparation of various exhibitions and conferences, such as the 10th Venice Architecture Biennale. Several of his projects have been published in national and international journals and catalogues. His published works include: “Dimensione ambientale e future forme dell’abitare”, in: Atti della Biennale Di Venezia, 10th Venice Architecture Biennale, 10th International Architecture Exhibition, Venice (2006). Silvia Serreli Department of Architecture, Design and Planning , University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Silvia Serreli is a researcher in Landscape and Urban Planning. She is a lecturer in Territorial Planning. She has written contributions to Urban Landscape Perspectives (Ed.: G. Maciocco 2008) and The Territorial Future of the City (Ed.: G. Maciocco 2008). She was co-editor of “Enhancing the City: New Perspectives for Tourism and Leisure” (2009) and “The Urban Potential of External Territories” (2011). Silvia Serreli works on urban and environmental projects in coastal areas and low-density settlements. Francesco Spanedda Department of Architecture, Design and Planning, University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Francesco Spanedda is a practising architect and researcher at the University of Sassari. His research and projects are mainly focused on sustainability as a holistic approach, linking architecture, engineering and landscape. Research and practice together trigger new questions and new ways to answer them. Before starting his own practice, he worked on a large series of built projects in collaboration with other ﬁ rms. Frederick Steiner School of Architecture , University of Texas , Austin , TX , USA Frederick Steiner is dean of the School of Architecture, University of Texas at Austin. His books include Design for a Vulnerable Planet, Urban Ecological Design (with Danilo Palazzo), The Living Landscape and To Heal the Earth (with Ian McHarg). Steiner was a Fulbright scholar at Wageningen University, the Netherlands; a Rome Prize Fellow at the American Academy in Rome; and a visiting professor at Tsinghua University, Beijing. He received a PhD, an MA and a Master of Regional Planning from the University of Pennsylvania as well as a Master of Community Planning and a B.S. in Design from the University of Cincinnati. Valentina Talu Department of Architecture, Design and Planning , University of Sassari , Alghero , Italy Valentina Talu is a postdoctoral fellow in Urban Planning at the University of Sassari. Her main interests are urban planning, urban quality of life and community planning especially with reference to children involvement. Jürgen Weidinger Weidinger Landschaftsarchitekten , Berlin , Germany Professor Jürgen Weidinger runs the department of project design in landscape architecture at the Technische Universität Berlin since 2009. His research interest and teaching is about describing qualitative design approaches based on perception Contributors xi theories and theories of ambiances. He was previously a teacher and visiting professor at several universities in Germany, Italy, England and China. His of ﬁ ce specializes in design and implementation of public parks, squares and open spaces located around public buildings. Dorian Wiszniewski E S A L A, Edinburgh School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK Dorian Wiszniewski is a senior academic in Architecture, Urban Design and Architectural Theory at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, and visiting professor in Architecture and Urban Planning, Alghero, University of Sassari, Sardinia (2011–2012). He is also a partner in Wiszniewski Thomson Architects, Edinburgh, Scotland. Built work and design projects have been published and exhibited inter- nationally and received many awards. Articles on politics, philosophy, architecture and urban design have been published in China, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Holland, Italy, Japan, Spain, Taiwan, Turkey, the UK and the USA.

Contents

1 Environmental City Project and Public Dimension of Landscape ..... 1 Silvia Serreli

Part I City Project: Public Space Design

2 A Great Work: Renovatio Urbis in the Age of Globalisation ...... 25 Arnaldo “Bibo” Cecchini 3 The Identity of the City ...... 49 Ali Madanipour 4 The [ Loving] Metropolitan Landscape and the Public-Private Borderland: Re ﬁ guring the Field for Architecture, Landscape and Urban Design ...... 65 Dorian Wiszniewski 5 Opening Up Relations Again Between Form and the World: The City and the ‘Becoming’ of Forms: Design as the Outcome of a Dynamic Figuration ...... 83 Lidia Decandia 6 Despite the Absence of the Public Sphere: How Common Goods Can Generate Opportunities for the Design of Public Spaces ...... 97 Davide Ponzini

Part II Territorial Project: Public Space Experiences

7 Territorial Project as City Project ...... 113 Gianfranco Sanna 8 Bigness or Vastness? ...... 125 Francesco Spanedda

xiii xiv Contents

9 Making Territory ...... 141 Frederick Steiner 10 Local and New ...... 163 Jürgen Weidinger 11 Landscape as a “Common”: Collective Protection and Management ...... 179 Paola Pittaluga 12 It Don’t Mean a Thing if You Ain’t Got That Swing: A Jazz-Based Model for the Public Space Project ...... 197 Giovanni Maria Filindeu

Part III City Policies: Public Sphere

13 Designing Public Spaces and Constructing Public Spheres: A Manifesto ...... 221 Enrico Cicalò 14 Urban Play as a ‘Social Interstice’: On a Micro-intervention Involving a Mobile Game Device ...... 237 Luc Lévesque 15 Space for Plural Publics and Their Involvement: Re ﬂ ections on Some Strategic Planning Experiences ...... 249 Alessandra Casu 16 Eight Proposals to Construct the Democratic City of the New Millennium ...... 259 Alessandro Plaisant 17 The Capability Approach in Urban Quality of Life and Urban Policies: Towards a Conceptual Framework ...... 269 Ivan Blečić , Arnaldo ‘Bibo’ Cecchini , and Valentina Talu 18 Slow Populations and Tourism ...... 289 Daniela Ciaf ﬁ and Alfredo Mela

Name Index ...... 309

Subject Index ...... 311