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ABOUT THE URBAN RESILIENCE PROJECT Over the last three decades, Island Press has published seminal works on resilience, ecosystems, and sustainable urban design. As our cities confront turbulent times, much depends on how resilience is defined and implemented. Seeing an opportunity to shape that outcome, Island Press launched the Urban Resilience Project in 2013, with the support of The JPB Foundation and The Kresge Foundation. The project’s goal is to advance a holistic, transformative approach to thinking and action on urban resilience in the era of climate change, an approach grounded in a commitment to sustainability and equity. We bring together leading thinkers with a broad range of expertise to generate and cross pollinate ideas. And we share those ideas in a variety of media—books, articles, interviews, webinars, podcasts, educational courses, and our annual compilation journal Resilience Matters. For more information, and to find out how you can get involved, visit www.islandpress.org/URP ABOUT THE JPB FOUNDATION and its environment program The JPB Foundation’s mission is to advance opportunity in the United States through transformational initiatives that empower those living in poverty, enrich and sustain our environment, and enable pioneering medical research. The JPB Environment Program’s goal is to enable resilient communities by enriching and supporting the environment because JPB believes it measurably impacts the health and well-being of our human and natural systems. JPB’s Environment Program starts from exploring interventions in the metabolic flows or systems that make up a resilient community. These systems serve as hubs for our grantmaking across energy, green infrastructure, environmental health, and environmental justice. ABOUT THE KRESGE FOUNDATION AND ITS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM The Kresge Foundation is a private, national foundation that works to expand opportunities in America’s cities through grant making and social investing in arts and culture, education, environment, health, human services, and community development, nationally and in Detroit, Memphis, and New Orleans. In collaboration with its partners, Kresge helps create pathways for people with low incomes to improve their life circumstances and join the economic mainstream. Kresge’s Environment Program helps cities combat and adapt to climate change while advancing racial and economic equity. The program’s vision is that people in cities are protected from the short- and long-term impacts of climate change because their communities have transitioned to renewable energy, prepared for climate impacts, and elevated equity as a priority to ensure that everyone shares in the benefits. The foundation advocates that cities address climate change mitigation and adaptation concurrently; elevates the leadership, inclusion, and influence of people of color, people with low incomes, and equity-focused organizations in climate change-related deci- sion-making; and builds the capacity of municipal staff, urban practitioners, and community leaders and fosters connections between and among them. ABOUT ISLAND PRESS Since 1984, the nonprofit organization Island Press has been stimulating, shaping, and communicating ideas that are essential for solving environ- mental problems worldwide. With more than 1,000 titles in print and some 30 new releases each year, we are the nation’s leading publisher on environmental issues. We identify innovative thinkers and emerging trends in the environmental field. We work with world-renowned experts and authors to develop cross-disciplinary solutions to environmental challenges. Island Press designs and executes educational campaigns in conjunc- tion with our authors to communicate their critical messages in print, in person, and online using the latest technologies, innovative programs, and the media. Our goal is to reach targeted audiences—scientists, policymak- ers, environmental advocates, urban planners, the media, and concerned citizens—with information that can be used to create the framework for long-term ecological health and human well-being. Island Press gratefully acknowledges the support of The JPB Founda- tion and The Kresge Foundation, without whose partnership this journal would not be possible. Resilience Matters Reimagining the Future in a Tumultuous Year Edited by Laurie Mazur | Washington | Covelo | London Copyright © 2021 Island Press All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this e-book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher: Island Press, 2000 M Street, NW, Suite 480b, Washington, DC 20036 Keywords: resilience, sustainability, economic justice, social justice, environmental justice, equality, urban resilience, climate change, environment, urban design, urban development, sustainable development, city planning, urban planning, infrastructure, nature, cities, agriculture, energy, climate science, environmental science, community development, food systems, Donald Trump, Joe Biden, cars, street planning, racial justice, conservation, solar power, green infrastructure, stormwater infrastructure, flooding, hurricanes, wildfires, urban agriculture, water systems, public health, labor, urban parks, transportation, ecological resilience, anti-racism, just transition, climate justice, alternative energy, renewable energy, energy democracy, clean energy, solar energy, climate resilience, climate adaptation, water cycle, social design, transit, tactical urbanism, food desert, food access, climate philanthropy, antiracist, COVID-19, coronavirus, pandemic, Confederate monuments, managed retreat, urban waterways, Jan Gehl, jaywalking, net zero, middle neighborhoods, rental registries, urban waterscapes, public good, green space, public transit, equity Designed by Kyler Geoffroy using Adobe® InDesign.® Cover design by Rachel Miller Cityscape image credit: Abigail Keenan / Unsplash Black Lives Matter image credit: James Eades / Unsplash Mask/ballot image credit: Tiffany Tertipes / Unsplash ISBN: 978-1-64283-239-6 Contents INTRODUCTION Reimagining the Future in a Tumultuous Year 2 Laurie Mazur SECTION I CLIMATE ADapTATION, CLIMATE JUSTICE Climate Justice in Frontline Communities: Here’s How to (Really) Help 6 Katherine Egland and Hilton Kelley This Foundation Takes a Unique Approach to Climate Philanthropy—and Gets Results 9 Laurie Mazur The Next Disaster for Black Communities 14 Katherine Egland and Rev. Lennox Yearwood, Jr. A Neglected Environmental Justice Issue: Indoor Plumbing 17 David F. Coursen How Philanthropy Can Meet the Moment: The Vital Importance of Trust 20 Shamar Bibbins The Other Crisis Facing Our Health Care System: Climate Change 28 Laurie Mazur Western Wildfires Could Worsen Inequality 34 Melissa Jones Monster Hurricanes Are Now Inevitable—but Flooding Is Not 36 Stephen F. Eisenman viii • Contents Wildfires Are a Growing Problem but Developers Can Be Part of the Solution 39 Jim Heid Reversing Rollbacks in the Post-Trump Era Is Not Enough 42 David F. Coursen Steps to Cool the Climate Will Improve Water Quality, Too 45 Jeff Peterson Why We Need Antiracist, Feminist Leadership on Climate & Energy 48 Jennie Stephens Beyond ‘Checking the Box’: Building a Diverse, Inclusive Environmental Movement 52 Laurie Mazur Make the Corn Belt a Carbon Belt 59 Daniel Imhoff Water Warriors: Meeting at the Intersection of Climate Change, Water and Equity 61 Laurie Mazur Developers Know How to Dodge Environmental Reviews; Now They Might Have Help From Trump 65 Cynthia Giles and Janet McCabe SECTION II SUSTAINABLE CITIES FOR ALL It’s Time to Talk About Moving Cities in the Face of Climate Change 69 Jeff Peterson Sustainability in a Small Place: The Spanish Basque Country as a 21st Century Model 72 Bruce Rich 5 Rules for Cities Bracing for Dramatic Change 80 Patrick M. Condon Restoring Hidden Rivers: Revisiting Urban Waterways with New Eyes 83 Jenny Hoffner Contents • ix Build Infrastructure for the Future 88 Laurie Mazur When Confederate Monuments Fall, Action-Based Empathy Can Create Inclusive Public Spaces 94 Elgin Cleckley In Georgia, Saving Homes for a Sustainable Future 98 Laurie Mazur Jan Gehl on 60 Years of Designing Cities for People 101 Laurie Mazur How Cities Can Fight Inequality and Climate Change at Once 106 Tiffany Ganthier Low-Income Households Pay More for Energy, but Efficiency Can Help 109 Ariel Drehobl A Tale of Two (Kinds of) Cities 112 Laurie Mazur 9 Reasons to Eliminate Jaywalking Laws Now 116 Angie Schmitt and Charles T. Brown These Three ‘Net Zero’ Buildings Are Leading the Way on Climate Change 121 Will Schick Why ‘Middle Neighborhoods’ Are the Sweet Spot Between the City and the Suburb 125 Daniel Parolek We Need Rental Registries Now More Than Ever 128 Shane Phillips Why We Must Close Polluting Urban Power Plants 132 Seth Mullendore ‘Blue Index’ Captures Our Emotional Reactions to Urban Waterscapes 135 Rebecca Wodder Washington, DC Has Cleaner Air Now. But as Reopening Plans Continue, How Can It Keep the Pollution at Bay? 140 Ethan Goffman x • Contents SECTION III COVID-19: THREATS & OppORTUNITIES Coronavirus and the Public Good 147 Ann Kinzig and Shade Shutters It’s Time to Sound the Alarm for Communities Most Vulnerable to the Coronavirus 149 Mustafa Santiago Ali COVID-19 Threatens Our Prospects for a Clean Energy Future 152 Denise Fairchild In a Pandemic, We Need Green Spaces More Than Ever 155 Cate Mingoya Building Science and the Prevention of COVID-19 158 Beth Eckenrode Investing in