DOCSLIB.ORG

Marrakesh & Central Morocco ﻣراﮐش و وﺳط ﻣراﮐش

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Marrakesh & Central Morocco ﻣراﮐش و وﺳط ﻣراﮐش © Lonely Planet Publications 290 Marrakesh & Central Morocco ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺶ ﻭ ﻭﺳﻂ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺶ Through no fault of their own, maps can’t do central Morocco justice. On a city plan, Mar- rakesh’s walled medina looks like a neat bundle of streets, and the legendary Djemaa el- Fna like a glorified parking lot – but even the best satellite technology can’t capture the meanderings of covered souqs and the mayhem of backflipping Gnawa musicians. Towering Jebel Toubkal pops up to the south, but there’s no telling how those distant snowcapped High Atlas mountain ranges on both sides of Marrakesh cool the brain on a scorching summer’s day. Only on trails between these peaks can you appreciate the treks kids walk to get to school in the isolated Zat Valley, or the tenacity of red-stone villages wedged into rocky crevices in the Aït Bougomez Valley. Most of all, it seems impossible that so much life should exist so close to the expanse of desert just over the Tizi n’Tichka pass. What you can’t guess from longitude coordinates is the burbling river interrupting the stony-faced Todra Gorge, or the rocks melting like wax candles into the green carpet of the Dadès Gorge. Just when all signs of vegetation seem to have dried up in the Ziz and Draâ river valleys, water seeps through fissures and erupts into oases until the landscape is taken over by the Saharan sand dunes of Erg Chebbi (Merzouga) and Erg Chigaga (M’Hamid). Mileage suggests you can return from the Sahara to Marrakesh in one day flat, but central Morocco is the place to put down the map, get lost and live a little. HIGHLIGHTS Catch a command performance of the show that’s played for 1000 years, and never gets old: Unesco-acclaimed street theatre in the Djemaa el-Fna ( p298 ) Find next season’s trends made with medieval tools by the crafty artisans in Marrakesh souqs ( p321 ) Rediscover long-lost social graces behind austere pink walls at an authentic Marrakshi riad Walk through Morocco’s Shangri-la, the stunning Aït Bougomez Valley ( p329 ) Follow caravan routes on a camel and camp out in the rolling dunes at Erg Chigaga ( p351 ) MARRAKESH & MARRAKESH & Spot red-rock villages balancing atop crags CENTRAL MOROCCO and extreme geological formations ooz- ing into palm oases in the Dadès Gorge Aït Bougomez ( p357 ) Valley Marrakesh Dadès Gorge Witness the original monsters of rock: 300m sheer stone cliffs at Todra Gorge Todra Gorge ( p360 ) Erg Chebbi Hear the shifting sands sing in the magnifi- cent rose-pink dunes of Erg Chebbi ( p370 ) near Merzouga Erg Chigaga lonelyplanet.com MARRAKESH & CENTRAL MOROCCO •• History 291 HISTORY Spring and autumn are the best times to If Dr Who were to muck about with local explore, with temperatures averaging 20°C timelines, there would be a gaping hole in to 25°C. April is traditionally sandstorm our time-space continuum. On a map Cen- season in the desert, when wind speeds tral Morocco appears isolated by moun- of only 10km/h pick up the fine sand and tains and desert on three sides, but it has dust, and whisk it across the plains. Storms made African, Arab and European history often last three to four days, during which as the final leg of legendary trans-Saharan desert travel is inadvisable. If travelling in trade routes. Trading contacts with south- the desert in sandstorm season, allow a few ern Morocco may have helped inspire extra days to ensure you get to see the dunes Portugal’s naval exploration of Africa’s rather than just gritty brown haze. riches – voyages that kickstarted the age of exploration and later European colonialism. LANGUAGE Without the Almoravids’ power base here In the High Atlas the main language is to expand their empire into Europe, there the Berber dialect of Tashelhit (with some may never have been Muslims in Spain, let pockets of Tamazight). Elsewhere Darija alone Moorish architecture. Without the (Moroccan Arabic) and French are univer- sensational Saadian sugar-dealers and Jew- sally spoken. ish salt-traders here, European meals might have remained medievally bland, and world GETTING THERE & AWAY history would certainly be a lot less spicy. Marrakesh is the transport hub of the re- Marrakesh is often at the centre of this gion, well supplied by train, bus and air historical action, having served as the capi- links. Direct flights from London to Mar- tal to three separate dynasties – more than rakesh’s Menara airport are now offered by the imperial cities of Fez and Meknès. But low-cost airlines such as Easyjet, RyanAir other regional players have had historical and AtlasBlue, and frequent flight and train importance far out of proportion to their services from Casablanca further expands size or location. In the snowy High Atlas, travel options. Royal Air Maroc (RAM) also climbers may stub their toes on petroglyphs runs daily flights to Ouarzazate (via Casa- showing signs of human civilisation from blanca) as well as Marrakesh. However, 1500 years ago. Songs and stories repeated you could consider flying Paris–Ouarzazate in Berber village moussems (festivals) and directly on one of several flights weekly. the Unesco-recognised Djemaa el-Fna em- Marrakesh–Ouarzazate flights go rather bellish histories of triumphant local heroes nonsensically via Casablanca – it’s faster CENTRAL MOROCCO and tragic love affairs. In their day, mud- to drive. MARRAKESH & MARRAKESH & brick ksour (castles) and watchtowers along A direct three-hour rail service to/from the Drâa Valley were more reliable than Casablanca links Marrakesh to the major tracking numbers to make sure precious cities in the north. Supratours bus services caravan cargo reached its destination. Tiny continue on to Essaouira, Agadir and right Glaoui mountain strongholds played huge down south to Laâyoune and Dakhla. Simi- roles in the history of French colonialism in lar services are offered by CTM and other Africa, and also in agitating for independ- local bus companies, although these tend to ence. Today the area is the centre of atten- be more crowded and less comfortable. tion as Morocco’s big draw for visitors and a multicultural Mid-Eastern milieu that’s true GETTING AROUND to its history and promising for its future. Except for the line from Casablanca to Mar- rakesh, there are no rail links in Central CLIMATE Morocco. Buses are still the cheapest way With geography ranging from desert dunes to get around Central Morocco, but they’re and rocky plains to mountains rising more becoming more expensive to operate as the than 4000m above sea level, the climate of price of petrol soars – according to bus Central Morocco is one of extremes. Bitterly company officials, all prices may be ex- cold High Atlas winters start in September pected to rise from those quoted through- and last into June, and sweltering deserts out this chapter, so pad your budget if your will leave you panting for water by May. plans include bus travel. MARRAKESH & CENTRAL MOROCCO Central Central Morocco 292 0 50 km 0 30 miles CENTRAL MOROCCO ••CentralMorocco &CENTRALMOROCCO MARRAKESH To Safi Youssoufia To Casablanca To Khenifra El-Ksiba Midelt (20km) Benguérir (135km) (70km) Jebel Ali- Sebt-des- ou-Rbeddou N1 Gzoula Beni Mellal (2793m) Afourer (2778m) P12 El-Kalaâ- Bzou Cascades Ouaouizarht des-Sraghna Imilchil Rich N9 d'Ouzoud (2662m) Oulad-Brahim Bin- Bin N8 el-Ouidane el-Ouidane (3207m) To Bouarfa (220km); Azilal (3233m) Agoudal Figuig (330km) N7 Tamelelt Tilougguite Reserve Naturelle Cathédrale To Essaouira de Tamga Tizi-Tirherhouzine Boudnib (75km) Aït Mohammed des Rochers Er-Rachidia Oued Tensitt Tizi Oudaya Sidi- Demnate Tizi 'Tirghist Zaouiat (3140m) Source Bleue Rahal Ahansal e n'Uguent Imi-n-Ifri g de Meski Chichaoua z r Zegsaoun Aït Haini Sidi- N8 Oued e Msemrir o Moktar Aït-bou-Riah Marrakesh Aït-Ourir Oued om Tabant G Lac des Jebel Ghat ug Tamtattouchte Aufous o ey Goulmima Nfiss N9 Aït-Aadel Agouti B l s (3825m) ït l Aït (Aoufouss) A Va è Todra S501 Za Aït-Barka Irhil Oudinar d Gorge t Val Tamda Aït Bououli a Guemassa ley Tirdouine Tessaout M'Goun D S513 Ourika Lakes (4071m) Aït Arbi Tinerhir Tinejdad 3451 Tahanaoute Valley Amezri Taddert (3283m) Aït Youl Boumalne Telouet Tighza S Bou Taghrar du Dadès N10 Erfoud Imi-n- Asni Setti Tizi LA Bou-Laouane n'Tichka T Vallée Imiter Palmeraie Tanoute Mizane Fatma H A Vallée des Ouirgane Anmiter H I G des Roses (2964m) Tarhia de Tizimi Valley Oukaïmeden (2031m) El-Hart Oiseaux Adassil El-Kelaâ M'Gouna Jebel Imlil Agouim Achahoud Tagdilt Tafilalt Jebel Aït Igdet y Ikniouln Rissani Toubkal N9 Tamdaght Souss Dadès l e Jebel (3616m) (4167m) Tidrheste N10 a l Irara Tichka Ijoukak Amerzgane Aït Oued s V (2559m) (2712m) Maidir Erg Chebbi Tin Mal Mosque Benhaddou Skoura a d è Ziz Valley (3350m) D l Sa r h r o Basin Alnif be r Souk Tnine- Tizi n'Test Asif Je e Iriri Ouarzazate Imi-n'Sit f Tigouda (2092m) Oued a O Merzouga Tachokchte Taourirt G Oued u u Ej-Jemima Drâa N'Kob o e Aoufour N9 Jebel B d Khamlia Kissane Z Jebel Anezal i Askaoun D Rheris z Aoulouz Tizi n'Tinififft (1531m) r Siroua Agdz â Oulad Berhil (3304m) Timiderte a Tazzarine Taroudannt Zaouïa-Tafetchna Taliouine V Tamnougalt a Taouz Tazenakht l l Ouled Atman ey To Agadir Agoult (63km) Algou Aït Hamane Tinzouline Jebel Tassetift N9 Zagora Asaka Zagora Asarrakh Amezrou Tinfou Dunes Igherm (2002m) Tamegroute lonelyplanet.com Tisfrioudine Foum Zguid Erg Tagounite Lehoudi A L G E R I A Tata Iriki Oasis Pistes: Impassable M'Hamid Ouled Driss in bad weather Erg Chigaga lonelyplanet.com MARRAKESH 293 CTM provides adequate service, but Su- Marrakesh is predictability and all sense pratours and other private companies are of direction.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Marrakech Architecture Guide 2020
    WHAT Architect WHERE Notes Completed in 2008, the terminal extension of the Marrakech Menara Airport in Morocco—designed by Swiss Architects E2A Architecture— uses a gorgeous facade that has become a hallmark of the airport. Light filters into the space by arabesques made up of 24 rhombuses and three triangles. Clad in white aluminum panels and featuring Marrakesh Menara stylized Islamic ornamental designs, the structure gives the terminal Airport ***** Menara Airport E2A Architecture a brightness that changes according to the time of day. It’s also an ال دول ي ال م نارة excellent example of how a contemporary building can incorporate مراك ش مطار traditional cultural motifs. It features an exterior made of 24 concrete rhombuses with glass printed ancient Islamic ornamental motives. The roof is constructed by a steel structure that continues outward, forming a 24 m canopy providing shade. Inside, the rhombuses are covered in white aluminum. ***** Zone 1: Medina Open both to hotel guests and visitors, the Delano is the perfect place to get away from the hustle and bustle of the Medina, and escape to your very own oasis. With a rooftop restaurant serving ،Av. Echouhada et from lunch into the evening, it is the ideal spot to take in the ** The Pearl Marrakech Rue du Temple magnificent sights over the Red City and the Medina, as well as the شارع دو معبد imperial ramparts and Atlas mountains further afield. By night, the daybeds and circular pool provide the perfect setting to take in the multicolour hues of twilight, as dusk sets in. Facing the Atlas Mountains, this 5 star hotel is probably one of the top spots in the city that you shouldn’t miss.
    [Show full text]
  • Punctuality Statistics Economic Regulation Group
    Punctuality Statistics Economic Regulation Group Birmingham, Edinburgh, Gatwick, Glasgow, Heathrow, London City, Luton, Manchester, Newcastle, Stansted Full and Summary Analysis June 2008 Disclaimer The information contained in this report has been compiled from various sources of data. CAA validates this data, however, no warranty is given as to its accuracy, integrity or reliability. CAA cannot accept liability for any financial loss caused by a person’s reliance on any of these statistics. No statistical data provided by CAA maybe sold on to a third party. CAA insists that they are referenced in any publication that makes reference to CAA Statistics. Contents Foreword Introductory Notes Full Analysis – By Reporting Airport Birmingham Edinburgh Gatwick Glasgow Heathrow London City Luton Manchester Newcastle Stansted Full Analysis With Arrival / Departure Split – By A Origin / Destination Airport B C – E F – H I – L M – N O – P Q – S T – U V – Z Summary Analysis FOREWORD 1 CONTENT 1.1 Punctuality Statistics: Heathrow, Gatwick, Manchester, Glasgow, Birmingham, Luton, Stansted, Edinburgh, Newcastle and London City - Full and Summary Analysis is prepared by the Civil Aviation Authority with the co-operation of the airport operators and Airport Coordination Ltd. Their assistance is gratefully acknowledged. 2 ENQUIRIES 2.1 Statistics Enquiries concerning the information in this publication and distribution enquiries concerning orders and subscriptions should be addressed to: Civil Aviation Authority Room K4 G3 Aviation Data Unit CAA House 45/59 Kingsway London WC2B 6TE Tel. 020-7453-6258 or 020-7453-6252 or email [email protected] 2.2 Enquiries concerning further analysis of punctuality or other UK civil aviation statistics should be addressed to Tel: 020-7453-6258 or 020-7453-6252 or email [email protected] Please note that we are unable to publish statistics or provide ad hoc data extracts at lower than monthly aggregate level.
    [Show full text]
  • The Art of Travel
    Morocco the a r t of tr a vel Tour operator www.gulliver.ma Thematic Trips - World Heritage Travel in Morocco From Casablanca | 10 Days World Heritage Travel in Morocco, from Casablanca Méditerranean Sea The UNESCO World Heritage Program is committed to preserving the cultural Rabat Fez and natural heritage of humanity, which has “outstanding universal value”. In Casablanca Meknes Morocco, too, cultural sites are on UNESCO’s World Heritage List by virtue of AtlanticEl OceanJadida their “unique character” and “authenticity”. Day 1 | Casablanca - Rabat Marrakesh Essaouira Reception of the group at the airport of Casablanca. Continuation towards Rabat. Erfoud Ouarzazate Day 2 | Rabat - Meknes - Fez Visit of Rabat, the Hassan Tower – the symbol of the city -. The magnifi cent mausoleum of Kings Mohammed V and Hassan II of Rabat was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 2012. Drive to Meknes, you will see the monumental gate of Morocco the Bab Mansour and the Medina, which is on the list of Heritage UNESCO World Heritage Center since 1996. Driving a World Heritage site since 1997 in Volubilis. The ruins of the ancient Roman city Volubilis located not far from the two royal cities Meknes and Fez. Volubilis is famous for its beautiful Services : mosaic fl oors of many carefully restored buildings. • 09 Nights in hotels in the selected cate gory on HB Day 3 | Fez • Very good qualifi ed guide, speaking Full day in Fez. Immerse yourself in the fascinating number of alleys, souks and English from to Casablanca airport mosques in the medina of Fez, which since 1981 has been a World Heritage Site • Transport: Air-conditioned bus, max.
    [Show full text]
  • A Note from Sir Richard Branson
    A NOTE FROM SIR RICHARD BRANSON “ In 1998, I went to Morocco with the goal of circumnavigating the globe in a hot air balloon. Whilst there, my parents found a beautiful Kasbah and dreamed of turning it into a wonderful Moroccan retreat. Sadly, I didn’t quite manage to realise my goal on that occasion, however I did purchase that magnificent Kasbah and now my parents’ dream has become a reality. I am pleased to welcome you to Kasbah Tamadot, (Tamadot meaning soft breeze in Berber), which is perhaps one of the most beautiful properties in the high Atlas Mountains of Morocco. I hope you enjoy this magical place; I’m sure you too will fall in love with it.” Sir Richard Branson 2- 5 THINGS YOU NEED TO KNOW 14 Babouches ACTIVITIES AT KASBAH Babysitting TAMADOT Cash and credit cards Stargazing Cigars Trekking in the Atlas Mountains Departure Asni Market Tours WELCOME TO KASBAH TAMADOT Do not disturb Cooking classes Fire evacuation routes Welcome to Kasbah Tamadot (pronounced: tam-a-dot)! Four legged friends We’re delighted you’ve come to stay with us. Games, DVDs and CDs This magical place is perfect for rest and relaxation; you can Kasbah Tamadot Gift Shop 1 5 do as much or as little as you like. Enjoy the fresh mountain air The Berber Boutique KASBAH KIDS as you wander around our beautiful gardens of specimen fruit Laundry and dry cleaning Activities for children trees and rambling rose bushes, or go on a trek through the Lost or found something? Medical assistance and pharmacy High Atlas Mountains...the choice is yours.
    [Show full text]
  • Time Departure FLIGHTS from SABİHA GÖKÇEN AIRPORT
    Wings of Change Europe Master of Ceremony Montserrat Barriga Director General European Regions Airline Association (ERA) Wings of Change Europe – 13/14 November 2018 – Madrid , Spain Wifi Hilton Honors Password APMAD08 Wings of Change Europe – 13/14 November 2018 – Madrid , Spain Welcome remarks Luis Gallego CEO Iberia Wings of Change Europe – 13/14 November 2018 – Madrid , Spain Welcome to Madrid Iberia in figures Flying since Member of Three Business: Airline Maintenance 1927 3 Handing Employees Incomes 2017 €376 Operating profits 2017 17.500 €4.85 Billion (+39% vs 2016) What does Iberia bring to Madrid? 17,500 109 23,000,000 142 employees International aircraft destinations passengers 50% 5,5% 50,000 GDP Indirect Madrid Airport employees Our strategic roadmap The 2013 2014 2017 2012 future Transformation Plan de Futuro Plan de Futuro Struggling Transforming Plan Phase 2 for survival to reach excellence On the verge of Loses cut by half Back to profitability The most punctual airline bankruptcy in the world Four star Skytrax Highest operational profits in Iberia’s 90 years of history 2018 had significant challenges for IB. How are we doing? Financial People Results Customer Muchas gracias The Value of Aviation & importance of Competitiveness for Spain Jose Luis Ábalos Minister of Public Works Government of Spain Wings of Change Europe – 13/14 November 2018 – Madrid , Spain The European Commission’s perspective on the future of aviation in the EU and its neighboring countries Henrik Hololei Director General for Mobility & Transport European
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Landscapes & Gardens of Morocco 2022
    Natural Landscapes & Gardens of Morocco 2022 22 MAR – 12 APR 2022 Code: 22206 Tour Leaders Paul Urquhart Physical Ratings Explore Morocco’s rich culture in gardening and landscape design, art, architecture & craft in medieval cities with old palaces and souqs, on high mountain ranges and in pre- Saharan desert fortresses. Overview This tour, led by garden and travel writer Paul Urquhart, is a feast of splendid gardens, great monuments and natural landscapes of Morocco. In Tangier, with the assistance of François Gilles, the UK’s most respected importer of Moroccan carpets, spend two days visiting private gardens and learn about the world of Moroccan interiors. While based in the charming Dar al Hossoun in Taroudant for 5 days, view the work of French landscape designers Arnaud Maurières and Éric Ossart, exploring their garden projects designed for a dry climate. View Rohuna, the stunning garden of Umberto Pasti, a well-known Italian novelist and horticulturalist, which preserves the botanical richness of the Tangier region. Visit the gardens of the late Christopher Gibbs, a British antique dealer and collector who was also an influential figure in men’s fashion and interior design in 1960s London. His gorgeous cliff-side compound is set in 14 acres of plush gardens in Tangier. In Marrakesh, visit Yves Saint Laurent Museum, Jardin Majorelle, the Jardin Secret, the palmeraie Jnane Tamsna, André Heller’s Anima and take afternoon tea in the gardens of La Mamounia – one of the most famous hotels in the world. Explore the work of American landscape architect, Madison Cox: visit Yves Saint Laurent and Pierre Bergé’s private gardens of the Villa Oasis and the gardens of the Yves Saint Laurent Museum in Marrakesh.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Desert to the Sea March 14 - 28, 2020 (15 Days | 12 Guests) with Professor Trevor Marchand
    Maximum of just Archaeology-focused tours for the curious to the connoisseur. 12 guests From the Desert to the Sea March 14 - 28, 2020 (15 days | 12 guests) with Professor Trevor Marchand “Morocco was fascinating because of its cultural, geographic and historical diversity. Trevor was an excellent guide that was a real addition to the trip! Although there was no one that we knew before the trip, we really enjoyed the group.” - Judith, California © Marshallhenrie Aït ben Haddou Casbah © imholiday.com Tanger Nador Oujda Salé Volubilis Kénitra RABAT 2 Rabat Fès Casablanca Sidi Archaeological Institute of America Kacem Meknès CASABLANCA 1 FES 3 El Jadida Lecturer & Host Mohammed V Meknes Bouarfa Trevor Marchand is Emeritus Professor of Safi Oued Zem Social Anthropology at the School of Oriental MARRAKECH 4 ARFOUD 2 and African Studies (SOAS, London) and Atlas Mountains Marrakech recipient of the Royal Anthropological Sijilmassa Institute’s Rivers Memorial Medal (2014). He Erg Chebbi studied architecture Aghmat Tinghir Agadir Dunes (McGill), received a Todgha River Gorge PhD in anthropology Aït ben Haddou (SOAS), and qualified OUARZAZATE 1 as a fine woodworker Réseau ferroviaire en 2011 at London’s Building Ligne à grande vitesse prévue initialement Crafts College (2007). Ligne à grande vitesse étendue Marchand has published extensively. His books MOROCCO include Architectural Heritage Yemen (2017), Craftwork as Problem Solving (2016), The Masons of Djenné (2009, Overnight stops winner of three international prizes), Itinerary stops and
    [Show full text]
  • Medersa Sehrij
    • Medersa Sehrij (D9) • Sidi Ahmed Tijani Mausoleum (C8) • Complexe Nejjarine (C7) • Nejjarine Fontain (C7) • Seffarine Square (C8) the centre of the palace and the courtyard Founded by the Merinid Situated close to the Qaraouiyne It is about one of the The Fountain extends the This is one the most interesting decorated with zellij cover 60% of the total Sultan Abou-l-Hassan Mosque, this mausoleum was most beautiful urban and funduq towards the center sites in the medina because it built in memory of the famous surface of the monument. The Museum between 1321 and 1323 saint, Sidi Ahmed Tidjani (died architectural complexes in of Nejjarine Square and is contains one of the oldest crafts is opened every day from 9:00 am until A.D, this medersa was named in 1815), founder of the most Fez. This complex, organized an important component of in Fez: copper work. Craftsmen 17:00 pm (except Tuesday). after the basin (Sehrij) at the important Islamic brotherhood around a place (Saha) consists the urban architecture of the still work copper and brass to in West Africa. The numerous Admission is charged. centre of its courtyard. Its of a foundouk (today museum Square. Built in the mid- make utensils such as teapots, African disciples of the Tijaniya • Borj Nord (B5) layout, architecture and rich Sufi order never fail to visit of the wood), of a fountain 19h century, this charming trays, goblets and pots. decoration of the interior the mausoleum to renew their and a souk. The name of fountain is the most complete This fortress now holds the facades illustrate the beauty of Arabo- commitment often coming to Fez after their complex derives from its specialization in example of a typical Fassi public fountain.
    [Show full text]
  • The Insider's Guide to the World's Coolest Neighbourhoods
    The Insider’s Guide to the World’s Coolest Neighbourhoods CONTENTS © Michael Abid / 500px; © f11photo / Shutterstock; © marchello74 / Shutterstock; © lazyllama / Shutterstock / Shutterstock; © marchello74 / Shutterstock; © f11photo © Michael Abid / 500px; © peeterv / Getty Images; © Daniel Fung / Shutterstock; © Yu Chun Christopher Wong / Shutterstock; © Elena Lar / Shutterstock © Elena Lar / Shutterstock; Wong Chun Christopher © Yu / Shutterstock; © peeterv / Getty Images; © Daniel Fung INTRODUCTION 4 Dubai 24 Hong Kong 58 Edinburgh 88 Berlin 134 NORTH AMERICA 172 Austin 216 New York City 260 Wellington 302 Buenos Aires 322 Seoul 64 London 92 Prague 144 San Francisco 174 New Orleans 224 Boston 270 Auckland 306 Rio de Janeiro 328 AFRICA & THE ASIA 30 Tokyo 68 Barcelona 100 Stockholm 150 Portland 182 Chicago 232 MIDDLE EAST 6 Mumbai 32 Paris 110 Budapest 154 Vancouver 188 Atlanta 240 OCEANIA 276 SOUTH AMERICA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 336 Marrakesh 8 Bangkok 38 EUROPE 78 Amsterdam 118 Istanbul 160 Seattle 196 Toronto 244 Perth 278 & THE CARIBBEAN 312 Cape Town 12 Singapore 46 Lisbon 80 Rome 122 Moscow 166 Los Angeles 202 Washington, DC 248 Melbourne 284 Lima 314 Tel Aviv 18 Beijing 52 Dublin 84 Copenhagen 130 Mexico City 210 Philadelphia 254 Sydney 292 Havana 318 INTRODUCTION It’s easy to fall in love with San Francisco. (p. 318), Austin (p. 216), Lima (p. 314) and But to understand what makes the city tick, Moscow (p. 166). We also included popular I needed to do a little sleuthing. cities that travellers think they know well – The first time I explored this preening blonde, beachy Sydney (p. 292); desert- peacock of a city, I dutifully toured its backed glamourpuss Dubai (p.
    [Show full text]
  • Review of Dedicated Low-Cost Airport Passenger Facilities
    REVIEW OF DEDICATED LOW-COST AIRPORT PASSENGER FACILITIES FINAL REPORT Prepared for Commission for Aviation Regulation Dublin, Ireland 11TH MAY, 2007 DOCUMENT CONTROL SHEET Client: Commission for Aviation Regulation Review of Dedicated Low-Cost Airport Passenger Project: Job No: JC27014A Facilities Title: Final Report Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by ORIGINAL Name Name Name DARRELL SWANSON ANDY CARLISLE ANDY CARLISLE PETER MACKENZIE-WILLIAMS Date Signature Signature Signature 12.03.07 Darrell Swanson Peter Mackenzie-Williams C:\Documents and Settings\TEMP\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files\OLK1BB\CAR LCC Benchmarking Draft Final Report Path and Filename 03-05-07.doc Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by REVISION Name Name Name PETER MACKENZIE-WILLIAMS ANDY CARLISLE ANDY CARLISLE Date Signature Signature Signature 04.05.07 Peter Mackenzie-Williams Path and Filename Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by FINAL Name Name Name DARRELL SWANSON ANDY CARLISLE ANDY CARLISLE Date Signature Signature Signature 11.05.07 Darrell Swanson Path and Filename This report, and information or advice which it contains, is provided by Jacobs Consultancy solely for internal use and reliance by its Client in performance of Jacobs Consultancy 's duties and liabilities under its contract with the Client. Any advice, opinions, or recommendations within this report should be read and relied upon only in the context of the report as a whole. The advice and opinions in this report are based upon the information made available to Jacobs Consultancy at the date of this report and on current UK standards, codes, technology and construction practices as at the date of this report. Following final delivery of this report to the Client, Jacobs Consultancy will have no further obligations or duty to advise the Client on any matters, including development affecting the information or advice provided in this report.
    [Show full text]
  • Case Study: Middle Draa Valley
    echnology f T a o n l d a O n r p t u i m o Global Journal of J i z l a a t b i o o Karmaoui, et al., Global J Technol Optim 2015, 6:1 l n G DOI: 10.4172/2229-8711.1000170 ISSN: 2229-8711 Technology & Optimization Research Article Open Access Sustainability of the Moroccan Oasean System (Case study: Middle Draa Valley) Ahmed Karmaoui*, Issam Ifaadassan, Mohammed Messouli and Mohammed Yacoubi Khebiza Department of Environmental Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco *Corresponding author: Karmaoui A, Department of Environmental Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco, Tel: +212-524-43-46-49; Fax: +212-524-43-67-69; E-mail: [email protected] Received date: January 08, 2015; Accepted date: January 20, 2015; Published date: January 28, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Karmaoui A. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract The oases of the Draa are part of the biosphere reserve recognized by UNESCO, 2000. These oases are agro systems located in the Saharan region of southern Morocco. They are the main sources of livelihood of the indigenous population. The sustainability of the oasean system for centuries has made him a rich and resilient ecosystem. Despite its aridity and isolation, the population had always been able to adapt and optimize natural resources, which are scarce. However, during the last 50 years extreme events (droughts, floods and locust attacks) have become increasingly frequent, and have a considerable threat.
    [Show full text]
  • Greater Ouarzazate, a 21St-Century Oasis City : Historical Benchmarks and International Visibility
    GREATER OUARZAZATE, A 21ST-CENTURY OASIS CITY : HISTORICAL BENCHMARKS AND INTERNATIONAL VISIBILITY CONTEXT DOCUMENT INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP OF URBAN PLANNING OUARZAZATE - MOROCCO - 3RD - 16TH NOVEMBER 2018 CONTENTS 1. Contextual Framework . .7 1. Presentation of Morocco: population, climate, diversity ........................ 7 1.1. General description of Morocco �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 1.2. Toponymy �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 1.3. Geography of Morocco ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������7 1.4. Plains . .8 1.5. Coatline . .8 1.6. Climate in Morocco ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������9 1.7. Morocco’s hydrography . .9 2. Territorial organization in Morocco ........................................ 10 3. Morocco’s international positioning ........................................ 11 4. Physical and environnemental setting, and geographic location ................. 12 4.1. Geographic location of the workshop’s perimeter . .12 4.2. Physical data of the Great Ouarzazate: �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������13 5. Histroy of the given territoiry ............................................. 14 6. Political and
    [Show full text]