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International Workshop on Disaster Risk Reduction at World Heritage Properties

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International Workshop on Disaster Risk Reduction at World Heritage Properties INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AT WORLD HERITAGE PROPERTIES PROCEEDINGS OLYMPIA, GREECE 6TH-7TH NOVEMBER 2008 EDITED BY CRISTINA MENEGAZZI 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE ELENA KORKA Head of the Directorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities, Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Greece FRANCESCO BANDARIN Director of the World Heritage Centre - UNESCO MOUNIR BOUCHENAKI Director General, ICCROM (The International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS INTRODUCTION GIOVANNI BOCCARDI Chief of Asia and Pacific Unit, World Heritage Centre, UNESCO WORKSHOP PAPERS Section I - International Contributions MOUNIR BOUCHENAKI Director General , ICCROM ICCROM’ APPROACH TO RISK MANAGEMENT FOR WORLD HERITAGE SITES CRISTINA MENEGAZZI Programme Specialist, ICOM (International Council of Museums) SPECIFICITIES OF DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT OF MOVABLE HERITAGE DINU BUMBARU Co-Chair, ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites) ICORP (International Committee of Risk Preparedness) and Policy Director, Héritage Montréal Foundation RISKS AND (WORLD) HERITAGE: SOME BACKGROUND PAOLA ALBRITO Regional Coordinator Europe - International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, UN/ISDR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND CULTURAL HERITAGE Section II – Greece, Olympia Case Study GEORGE LYRINTZIS and project team Forest Operation Techniques Specialist - National Agricultural Research Foundation THE RESTORATION OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND BROADER LANDSCAPE OF OLYMPIA OLYMPIA VIKATOU Head of the Department of Archaeological Sites, Monuments and Archaeological Research of the Seventh Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities THE OLYMPIC LANDSCAPE BEFORE AND AFTER THE FIRE 2 GAVRIIL XANTHOPOULOS Forest fires researcher-National Agricultural Research Foundation THE FIRE OF AUGUST 26, 2007 THAT DAMAGED OLYMPIA: WHAT HAPPENED AND LESSONS LEARNT Section III - Other World Heritage Case Studies LEONARD AHONON Site Manager of the Palais Royaux d’Abomey, Benin CAN THE ROYAL PALACE OF ABOMEY BE AGAIN IN DANGER? PATRIZIA BARUCCO ARS Progetti Director Cultural Heritage Sector DANIELE FANCIULLACCI ARS Progetti Chief Executive INVENTORISATION AND EARTHQUAKE HAZARD PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF RELEVANT HISTORIC BUILDINGS IN ISTANBUL, TURKEY MARGARITA KISTERNAYA Senior researcher, PhD (Wood Science)-“Kizhi” State Open-Air museum of architecture, history and ethnography MEASURES TO ENSURE SAFETY OF THE WORLD HERITAGE SITE “KIZHI POGOST”, RUSSIAN FEDERATION MITSURU NAGAO Senior Specialist for Cultural properties, Disaster Prevention unit, Architecture and Other Structures Division, Agency for Cultural Affairs RISK MANAGEMENT AT WORLD HERITAGE - ACTIVITIES IN JAPAN - ROSE NKAALE MWANJE Commissioner for Antiquities and Museums DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT AT THE WORLD HERITAGE PROPERTY THE KASUBI ROYAL TOMBS, UGANDA KOSH PRASAD ACHARYA Director General, Department of Archaeology, Government of Nepal KATHMANDU VALLEY WORLD HERITAGE SITE DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT, NEPAL JUAN RUBIO RUIZ Chief Officer of the Department for Fire Prevention and Extinguishing and Rescue, Municipality of Toledo ISABELO SANCHEZ GOMEZ Chief Officer of the Fire and Rescue Department for the Municipality of Cordoba FIRE PREVENTION IN SPAIN’S WORLD HERITAGE CITIES ARI SETYASTUTI Head of Conservation and Protection Task Force RECOVERY OF PRAMBANAN TEMPLE AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE, INDONESIA JOSEF STULC Director National Institute for Protection and Consecration of Monuments and Sites THE FLOOD AT THE HISTORIC CENTRE OF ČESKÝ KRUMLOV, CZECH REPUBLIC GUO ZHAN Director, World Heritage Expert Committee of China, Vice President of ICOMOS MANAGEMENT AND STUDY ON RESCUE AND MAINTENANCE OF CULTURAL HERITAGE AFTER THE 8.0- MAGNITUDE EARTHQUAKE IN WENCHUAN, SICHUAN PROVINCE, POPULAR REPUBLIC CHINA 3 Section IV – Results ELENA KORKA Head of the Directorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities, Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Greece WORKSHOP CONCLUSION OLYMPIA PROTOCOL FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION ANNEXES 1. List of Participants 2. Programme 3. Bibliography on line 4. World Heritage 31 COM 5. The 2008 Regensburg Recommendation 6. The 2006 Davos Declaration 7. The 2005 Kyoto Declaration 4 PREFACE Elena Korka Head of the Directorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities, Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Greece In Ancient Olympia, where Phidias established his workshop 2.500 years ago in order to create the majestic statue of Zeus, another workshop has taking place, serving another purpose, as the result of the initiative undertaken by UNESCO and the Directorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of the Hellenic Ministry of Culture. It is the International Workshop on Disaster Risk Reduction at World Heritage Properties. Today, we are experiencing a transitional period of monumental changes in the environment. The international community is facing nature’s destructive forces, which threaten not only World Heritage but also human life itself. A tangible proof of this change was the destructive fire that endangered the Archaeological Site of Ancient Olympia in 2007. The site was salvaged thanks to the immediate response of the involved bodies and their superhuman efforts in an uneven fight against the fire. The organisation of this International Workshop actively corresponds to the global demand for action so as to deal with these risks. We should examine: the identification of all the elements for disaster planning, the analysis and evaluation of risks, risk mapping, the definition of a proper strategy ensuring appropriate risk preparedness and capacity building, ultimately aiming at the risk and disaster mitigation with integrated protection of Word Heritage, actions which undoubtedly contribute to sustainable development. Ancient Olympia, with its stadium and preparation areas (the palaestra and gymnasium), is interweaved with struggle, but also preparation. This Workshop constitutes a step toward the necessary stage of preparing ourselves for the efficient protection of World Heritage; we hope that our efforts will be crowned with an olive wreath and that we will manage to safeguard World Heritage. 5 Francesco Bandarin Director, World Heritage Centre, UNESCO World Heritage properties, as with all heritage properties, are exposed to natural and human-made disasters which threaten their integrity and may compromise their values. The loss or deterioration of these outstanding properties is negatively impacting national and local communities, both for their cultural importance as a source of information on the past and identity, and for their socio- economic value. Unfortunately, most World Heritage properties, particularly in developing areas of the world, do not have any established policy, plan of process for managing risks associated with potential disasters. Existing national and local disaster preparedness mechanisms, moreover, usually do not take into account the significance of these sites and do not include heritage expertise in their operations. As a result, hundreds of sites are virtually defenceless with respect to potential disasters. Improving the risk management at properties inscribed in the World Heritage List is the main aim of this Workshop. It is thus necessary to prevent and reduce damage from disasters and to preserve the World Heritage cultural and natural values, thereby protecting an essential support for the social and economic well-being of their communities. The UNESCO World Heritage Centre is therefore grateful to the Greek Ministry of Culture for co- organising this meeting with the Centre, as well as to ICCROM for its valuable technical inputs. Special thanks from UNESCO are also addressed to Mrs Marianna Vardinoyannis, UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador, for providing financial support to the event. 6 Mounir Bouchenaki Director General, ICCROM ICCROM and other international organisations, such as UNESCO, ICOMOS, ICOM, IFLA, are all concerned with the issues that form the topic of the workshop. In the Mediterranean region, whether Italy, France, Greece, Portugal, and also in some countries of North Africa, hectares and hectares of woodland disappear because of fires each summer with incalculable environmental damages and, in most of the cases, threatening cultural resources. It is very important to raise awareness about preventive measures and to put in place appropriate regulations. ICCROM has started, some years ago, to promote the recognition of the importance of risk preparedness through initiatives involving partnerships with Member States. Activities included participation in conferences, workshops, and training initiatives. Moreover ICCROM advisory action, in cooperation with national and international agencies, has been addressed to the development of appropriate strategies, the organization of training activities, and participating in related technical missions. Special aspects to be developed related to this topic are strengthening the protection of cultural heritage in a context of general development, integrating heritage into risk reduction policies, and incorporating concern for disaster reduction within site management plans. The exchange of orientations and guidelines is another important aspect to be developed with appropriate means of education and awareness to the importance of risk preparedness. 7 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The World Heritage Centre and the Hellenic Ministry of Culture wish to acknowledge the UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador Mrs. Marianna Vardinoyannis for her financial contribution to the Workshop, which enabled
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