Flood Grouting for Infiltration Reduction on Private Side Sewers Infrastructure/Strategic Asset Management
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Flood Grouting for Infiltration Reduction on Private Side Sewers Infrastructure/Strategic Asset Management Water Environment Research Foundation 635 Slaters Lane, Suite G-110 n Alexandria, VA 22314-1177 Phone: 571-384-2100 n Fax: 703-299-0742 n Email: [email protected] www.werf.org WERF Stock No. INFR5R11 Co-published by IWA Publishing Alliance House, 12 Caxton Street Flood Grouting for Infiltration London SW1H 0QS United Kingdom Phone: +44 (0)20 7654 5500 Reduction on Private Side Sewers Fax: +44 (0)20 7654 5555 Email: [email protected] Web: www.iwapublishing.co IWAP ISBN: 978-1-78040-486-8/1-78040-486-7 Co-published by Feb 2013 INFR5R1 1 FLOOD GROUTING FOR INFILTRATION REDUCTION ON PRIVATE SIDE SEWERS by: Martha Burke Seattle Public Utilitiees M. Steven Merrill Robert W. Jacobsen H. Justin Twenter Brown and Caldwell 2013 Flood Grouting for Infiltration Reduction on Private Side Sewers ES-i The Water Environment Research Foundation, a not-for-profit organization, funds and manages water quality research for its subscribers through a diverse public-private partnership between municipal utilities, corporations, academia, industry, and the federal government. WERF subscribers include municipal and regional water and wastewater utilities, industrial corporations, environmental engineering firms, and others that share a commitment to cost-effective water quality solutions. WERF is dedicated to advancing science and technology addressing water quality issues as they impact water resources, the atmosphere, the lands, and qualitty of life. For more information, contact: Water Environment Research Foundation 635 Slaters Lane, Suite G-110 Alexandria, VA 22314-1177 Tel: (571) 384-2100 Fax: (703) 299-0742 www.werf.org [email protected] This report was co-published by the following organization. IWA Publishing Alliance House, 12 Caxton Street London SW1H 0QS, United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) 20 7654 5500 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7654 5555 www.iwapublishing.com [email protected] © Copyright 2013 by the Water Environment Research Foundation.. All rights reserved. Permission to copy must be obtained from the Water Environment Research Foundation. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2012953312 Printed in the United States of America IWAP ISBN: 978-1-78040-486-8/1-78040-486-7 This report was prepared by the organization(s) named below as an account of worrk sponsored by the Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF). Neither WERF, membbers of WERF, the organization(s) named below, nor any person acting on their behalf: (a) makes any warranty, express or implied, with respect to the use of any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report or that such use may not infringe on privately owned rights; or (b) assumes any liabilities with respect to the use of, or for damages resulting from the use of, any information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this report. Seattle Public Utilities and Brown and Caldwell. The research on which this report is based was developed, in part, by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through Cooperative Agreement No. CR-83419201-0 with the Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF). However, the views expressed in this document are not necessarily those of the EPA and EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication. This report is a publication of WERF, not EPA. Funds awarded under the Cooperative Agreement cited above were not used for editorial services, reproduction, printing, or distribution. This document was reviewed by a panel of independent experts selected by WERF. Mention of trade names or commercial products or services does not constitute endorsement or recommendations for use. Similarly, omission of products or trade names indicates nothing concerning WERF's or EPA's positioons regarding product effectiveness or applicability. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The project team would like to thank the community within the project basin for participating in this pilot project. The team would like to thank Andrew McLaughlin for his participation with the public communication aspect of this project. In addition, the team would like to thank Jim Johnson with Seattle Public Utilities for providing construction, engineering, and moral support throughout the life of this pilot project. Research Team Principal Investigators: Martha Burke, M.P.A. Seattle Public Utilities M. Steven Merrill, Ph.D., P.E. Brown and Caldwell Project Team: Robert W. Jacobsen, M.S., P.E. Brent Robinson, M.S., E.I.T. H. Justin Twenter, M.S., P.E. Brown and Caldwell WERF Project Subcommittee Stewart Burn CSIRO Land and Water Ross Homeniuk, P.E. CH2M Hill Michael Sevener KCI Technologies, Inc. Innovative Infrastructure Research Committee Members Stephen P. Allbee U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Frank Blaha Water Research Foundation Kevin Hadden Orange County Sanitation District Peter Gaewski, MS, P.E. Tata & Howard, Inc. David Hughes American Water Flood Grouting for Infiltration Reduction on Private Side Sewers iii Kendall M. Jacob, P.E. Cobb County Jeff Leighton City of Portland Water Bureau Daniel Murray U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Michael Royere U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Steve Whipp United Utilities North West Walter L. Graf, Jr. Water Environment Research Foundation Daniel M. Woltering, Ph.D. Water Environment Research Foundation – IIRC Chair Water Environment Research Foundation Staff Director of Research: Daniel M. Woltering, Ph.D. Program Director/Managa er: Walter L. Graf, Jr. iv ABSTRACT AND BENEFITS Abstract: The sewers in Seattle’s Broadview neighborhood, built in the 1950s, experience significant inflow and infiltration. Intense wet weather events have resulted in sewer overflows into private residences and the environment and previous work indicates that the majority of this excess flow comes from infiltration. As a result, an infiltration reduction project was investigated to reduce overflows. To reduce that infiltration and achieve maximum success, all components of the sewer system – mainlines, maintenance holes, and private side sewers – have to be addressed. Seattle Public Utilities determined through a business case that to reduce infiltration, flood grouting was the most cost-effective, least-disruptive methodology. Flood grouting involves applying two chemicals in separate steps to treat an entire section of the sewer system between two maintenance holes, including the side sewers. The segment is filled completely to the maintenance hole rim and utilizes hydrostatic pressure by the chemical fluid to apply the grout to the system. To determine the success of the project, flow meters were installed in the system to document before and after conditions for modeling analysis. The effectiveness of this approach at reducing infiltration compared to the cost, the challenges associated with working on private property, and lessons learned are documented in this report. Benefits: Demonstrates in detail how to conduct a flood grouting project. Presents actual lessons learned from completing a flood grouting project. Includes how to calculate the effectiveness of the project. Shares Seattle Public Utilities business case methodology for approving projects. Describes the public outreach campaign used to gain public acceptance. Keywords: Flood grouting, infiltration, Sanipor, trenchless rehabilitation, sanitary sewers, flow monitoring, modeling. Flood Grouting for Infiltration Reduction on Private Side Sewers v TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... iii Abstract and Benefits .......................................................................................................................v List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... viii List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ ix List of Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................... xi Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................ES-1 1.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1-1 2.0 Projo ect Designn.................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Location of the Project ............................................................................................ 2-1 2.1.1 Description of Project Area ........................................................................ 2-1 2.1.2 Background: Why This Location Was Chosen ........................................... 2-1 2.2 Technology Used .................................................................................................... 2-6 2.2.1 Description of Flood Grouting .................................................................... 2-6 2.2.2 Other Technologies Considered .................................................................. 2-7 2.3 Flow and Rainfall Monitoring ................................................................................ 2-8 2.3.1 Location and Installation of Flow Meters ..................................................