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World War I Concept Learning Outline Objectives
AP European History: Period 4.1 Teacher’s Edition World War I Concept Learning Outline Objectives I. Long-term causes of World War I 4.1.I.A INT-9 A. Rival alliances: Triple Alliance vs. Triple Entente SP-6/17/18 1. 1871: The balance of power of Europe was upset by the decisive Prussian victory in the Franco-Prussian War and the creation of the German Empire. a. Bismarck thereafter feared French revenge and negotiated treaties to isolate France. b. Bismarck also feared Russia, especially after the Congress of Berlin in 1878 when Russia blamed Germany for not gaining territory in the Balkans. 2. In 1879, the Dual Alliance emerged: Germany and Austria a. Bismarck sought to thwart Russian expansion. b. The Dual Alliance was based on German support for Austria in its struggle with Russia over expansion in the Balkans. c. This became a major feature of European diplomacy until the end of World War I. 3. Triple Alliance, 1881: Italy joined Germany and Austria Italy sought support for its imperialistic ambitions in the Mediterranean and Africa. 4. Russian-German Reinsurance Treaty, 1887 a. It promised the neutrality of both Germany and Russia if either country went to war with another country. b. Kaiser Wilhelm II refused to renew the reinsurance treaty after removing Bismarck in 1890. This can be seen as a huge diplomatic blunder; Russia wanted to renew it but now had no assurances it was safe from a German invasion. France courted Russia; the two became allies. Germany, now out of necessity, developed closer ties to Austria. -
Routledge Dictionary of Cultural References in Modern French
About the Table of Contents of this eBook. The Table of Contents in this eBook may be off by 1 digit. To correctly navigate chapters, use the bookmark links in the bookmarks panel. The Routledge Dictionary of Cultural References in Modern French The Routledge Dictionary of Cultural References in Modern French reveals the hidden cultural dimension of contemporary French, as used in the press, going beyond the limited and purely lexical approach of traditional bilingual dictionaries. Even foreign learners of French who possess a good level of French often have difficulty in fully understanding French articles, not because of any linguistic shortcomings on their part but because of their inadequate knowledge of the cultural references. This cultural dictionary of French provides the reader with clear and concise expla- nations of the crucial cultural dimension behind the most frequently used words and phrases found in the contemporary French press. This vital background information, gathered here in this innovative and entertaining dictionary, will allow readers to go beyond a superficial understanding of the French press and the French language in general, to see the hidden yet implied cultural significance that is so transparent to the native speaker. Key features: a broad range of cultural references from the historical and literary to the popular and classical, with an in-depth analysis of punning mechanisms. over 3,000 cultural references explained a three-level indicator of frequency over 600 questions to test knowledge before and after reading. The Routledge Dictionary of Cultural References in Modern French is the ideal refer- ence for all undergraduate and postgraduate students of French seeking to enhance their understanding of the French language. -
When Fear Is Substituted for Reason: European and Western Government Policies Regarding National Security 1789-1919
WHEN FEAR IS SUBSTITUTED FOR REASON: EUROPEAN AND WESTERN GOVERNMENT POLICIES REGARDING NATIONAL SECURITY 1789-1919 Norma Lisa Flores A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December 2012 Committee: Dr. Beth Griech-Polelle, Advisor Dr. Mark Simon Graduate Faculty Representative Dr. Michael Brooks Dr. Geoff Howes Dr. Michael Jakobson © 2012 Norma Lisa Flores All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Dr. Beth Griech-Polelle, Advisor Although the twentieth century is perceived as the era of international wars and revolutions, the basis of these proceedings are actually rooted in the events of the nineteenth century. When anything that challenged the authority of the state – concepts based on enlightenment, immigration, or socialism – were deemed to be a threat to the status quo and immediately eliminated by way of legal restrictions. Once the façade of the Old World was completely severed following the Great War, nations in Europe and throughout the West started to revive various nineteenth century laws in an attempt to suppress the outbreak of radicalism that preceded the 1919 revolutions. What this dissertation offers is an extended understanding of how nineteenth century government policies toward radicalism fostered an environment of increased national security during Germany’s 1919 Spartacist Uprising and the 1919/1920 Palmer Raids in the United States. Using the French Revolution as a starting point, this study allows the reader the opportunity to put events like the 1848 revolutions, the rise of the First and Second Internationals, political fallouts, nineteenth century imperialism, nativism, Social Darwinism, and movements for self-government into a broader historical context. -
History Bee of Versailles – Final Round Packet
History Bee of Versailles – Final Round Packet 1) This Holocaust survivor and first female minister in French government pushed through her namesake law while serving as Minister of Health in the government of Valery Giscard d’Estaing, where she also championed a law that facilitated access to contraceptives. For the point, name this woman who names the law legalizing abortion in France. ANSWER: Simone Veil (do not accept Simone Weil) 2) After this government arrested General Jean-Charles Pichegru, this government became divided in the aftermath of the Coup of 18 Fructidor. This government’s legislature was consisted of the Counsel of Ancients and Council of Five Hundred, which were stormed by grenadiers in the Coup of 18 Brumaire. The Consulate replaced, for the point, what government which formed after the fall of Robespierre in 1794? ANSWER: French Directory 3) The relics of Saint Thomas Aquinas were donated by Pope Urban V to this city’s Church of the Jacobins. This city was the capital of a kingdom that was conquered by Euric after the Visigoths expanded to Arles and Marseilles, although it was captured and sacked by the Franks under Clovis after the Battle of Vouillé. After Septimania merged with this city’s namesake county, this city became the capital of Languedoc. For the point, name this southern French city, the historic capital of Occitania. ANSWER: Toulouse (or Tolosa) 4) In addition to the Federalist Revolts, the bloodiest of these events was put down by General Turreau’s “flying columns” and failed to take Nantes. During that example of these events, priests who refused to agree to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy were tied to barges and drowned in the Loire. -
Great War, Total War : Combat and Mobilization on the Western Front, 1914–1918 / Edited by Roger Chickering and Stig Förster
Great War,Total War COMBAT AND MOBILIZATION ON THE WESTERN FRONT, 1914–1918 Edited by ROGER CHICKERING and STIG FÖRSTER GERMAN HISTORICAL INSTITUTE Washington, D.C. and The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK http://www.cup.cam.ac.uk 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA http://www.cup.org 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia Ruiz de Alarcón 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain © The German Historical Institute 2000 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2000 Printed in the United States of America Typeface Bembo 11/13pt. System QuarkXPress [BTS] A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data Great War, total war : combat and mobilization on the Western Front, 1914–1918 / edited by Roger Chickering and Stig Förster. p. cm. – (Publications of the German Historical Institute) Includes index. ISBN 0-521-77352-0 (hardbound) 1. World War, 1914–1918 – Campaigns – Western Front. I. Series. II. Chickering, Roger, 1942– III. Förster, Stig. D530.G68 1999 940.4¢14421–dc21 99-043669 ISBN 0 521 77352 0 hardback Contents Preface page ix Contributors xi Introduction Stig Förster 1 1 From Cabinet War to Total War: The Perspective of Military Doctrine, 1861–1918 Hew Strachan 19 2 World War I and the Theory of Total War: Reflections on the British and German Cases, 1914–1915 Roger Chickering 35 3 World War I and the Revolution in Logistics Martin van Creveld 57 4 Mass Warfare and the Impact of Technology Dennis E. -
The War and Fashion
F a s h i o n , S o c i e t y , a n d t h e First World War i ii Fashion, Society, and the First World War International Perspectives E d i t e d b y M a u d e B a s s - K r u e g e r , H a y l e y E d w a r d s - D u j a r d i n , a n d S o p h i e K u r k d j i a n iii BLOOMSBURY VISUAL ARTS Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square, London, WC1B 3DP, UK 1385 Broadway, New York, NY 10018, USA 29 Earlsfort Terrace, Dublin 2, Ireland BLOOMSBURY, BLOOMSBURY VISUAL ARTS and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published in Great Britain 2021 Selection, editorial matter, Introduction © Maude Bass-Krueger, Hayley Edwards-Dujardin, and Sophie Kurkdjian, 2021 Individual chapters © their Authors, 2021 Maude Bass-Krueger, Hayley Edwards-Dujardin, and Sophie Kurkdjian have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identifi ed as Editors of this work. For legal purposes the Acknowledgments on p. xiii constitute an extension of this copyright page. Cover design by Adriana Brioso Cover image: Two women wearing a Poiret military coat, c.1915. Postcard from authors’ personal collection. This work is published subject to a Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives Licence. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher Bloomsbury Publishing Plc does not have any control over, or responsibility for, any third- party websites referred to or in this book. -
"Weapon of Starvation": the Politics, Propaganda, and Morality of Britain's Hunger Blockade of Germany, 1914-1919
Wilfrid Laurier University Scholars Commons @ Laurier Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) 2015 A "Weapon of Starvation": The Politics, Propaganda, and Morality of Britain's Hunger Blockade of Germany, 1914-1919 Alyssa Cundy Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd Part of the Diplomatic History Commons, European History Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Cundy, Alyssa, "A "Weapon of Starvation": The Politics, Propaganda, and Morality of Britain's Hunger Blockade of Germany, 1914-1919" (2015). Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive). 1763. https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/1763 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive) by an authorized administrator of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A “WEAPON OF STARVATION”: THE POLITICS, PROPAGANDA, AND MORALITY OF BRITAIN’S HUNGER BLOCKADE OF GERMANY, 1914-1919 By Alyssa Nicole Cundy Bachelor of Arts (Honours), University of Western Ontario, 2007 Master of Arts, University of Western Ontario, 2008 DISSERTATION Submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Doctor of Philosophy in History Wilfrid Laurier University 2015 Alyssa N. Cundy © 2015 Abstract This dissertation examines the British naval blockade imposed on Imperial Germany between the outbreak of war in August 1914 and the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles in July 1919. The blockade has received modest attention in the historiography of the First World War, despite the assertion in the British official history that extreme privation and hunger resulted in more than 750,000 German civilian deaths. -
Newspaper Content in Occupied Lille, Roubaix, and Tourcoing Candice Addie Quinn Marquette University
Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Dissertations (2009 -) Dissertations, Theses, and Professional Projects A Want of News in an Occupied Zone: Newspaper Content in Occupied Lille, Roubaix, and Tourcoing Candice Addie Quinn Marquette University Recommended Citation Quinn, Candice Addie, "A Want of News in an Occupied Zone: Newspaper Content in Occupied Lille, Roubaix, and Tourcoing" (2011). Dissertations (2009 -). Paper 165. http://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/165 A WANT FOR NEWS IN AN OCCUPIED ZONE: NEWSPAPER CONTENT IN OCCUPIED LILLE, ROUBAIX, AND TOURCOING by Candice Addie Quinn, B.A., M.A. A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School, Marquette University, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degreee of Doctor of Philosophy Milwaukee, Wisconsin December 2011 ABSTRACT A WANT OF NEWS IN AN OCCUPIED ZONE: NEWSPAPER CONTENT IN OCCUPIED LILLE, ROUBAIX, AND TOURCOING, 1914-1918 Candice Addie Quinn, B.A., M.A. Marquette University, 2011 The purpose of this dissertation is to ascertain exactly what news people in the occupied zone of France received during the First World War, in an attempt to assess the general assumption that the people of occupied France received little to no news. It is certain that the people in the occupied cities of Lille, Roubaix, and Tourcoing received less news than before the occupation, and most of the news they did receive came from an untrusted source, namely the German occupiers. However, research for this dissertation reveals that the cities at the urban heart of northern France, Lille, Roubaix, and Tourcoing, received more news than historians previously have believed. Research for this dissertation comprised of reviewing all the sources available in Lille, Roubaix, and Tourcong during the occupation, which included German-controlled newspapers produced in France and Belgium, a short-lived clandestine press, and newspapers published outside the occupied zone covertly imported into the cities. -
Historical Dictionary of World War II France Historical Dictionaries of French History
Historical Dictionary of World War II France Historical Dictionaries of French History Historical Dictionary of the French Revolution, 1789–1799 Samuel F. Scott and Barry Rothaus, editors Historical Dictionary of Napoleonic France, 1799–1815 Owen Connelly, editor Historical Dictionary of France from the 1815 Restoration to the Second Empire Edgar Leon Newman, editor Historical Dictionary of the French Second Empire, 1852–1870 William E. Echard, editor Historical Dictionary of the Third French Republic, 1870–1940 Patrick H. Hutton, editor-in-chief Historical Dictionary of the French Fourth and Fifth Republics, 1946–1991 Wayne Northcutt, editor-in-chief Historical Dictionary of World War II France The Occupation, Vichy, and the Resistance, 1938–1946 Edited by BERTRAM M. GORDON Greenwood Press Westport, Connecticut Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Historical dictionary of World War II France : the Occupation, Vichy, and the Resistance, 1938–1946 / edited by Bertram M. Gordon. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–313–29421–6 (alk. paper) 1. France—History—German occupation, 1940–1945—Dictionaries. 2. World War, 1939–1945—Underground movements—France— Dictionaries. 3. World War, 1939–1945—France—Colonies— Dictionaries. I. Gordon, Bertram M., 1943– . DC397.H58 1998 940.53'44—dc21 97–18190 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright ᭧ 1998 by Bertram M. Gordon All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 97–18190 ISBN: 0–313–29421–6 First published in 1998 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. -
The Oxford History of Modern War
THE OXFORD HISTORY OF MODERN WAR CHARLES TOWNSHEND Editor OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS THE OXFORD HISTORY OF MODERN WAR the editor CHARLES TOWNSHEND is Professor of International History, Keele University. THE OXFORD HISTORY OF MODERN WAR edited by CHARLES TOWNSHEND 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Athens Auckland Bangkok Bogotá Buenos Aires Calcutta Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Florence Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Paris São Paulo Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Warsaw with associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Oxford University Press 2000 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (makers) The text of this volume first published 1997 in The Oxford Illustrated History of Modern War First issued as The Oxford History of Modern War 2000 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquiror British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available ISBN 0–19–285373–2 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 Typeset by Cambrian Typesetters, Frimley, Surrey Printed in Great Britain by Cox & Wyman Ltd. -
Towards Teaching French Civilization in Context: a Technology-Aided Approach. PUB DATE 93 NOTE 13P.; for Serial Issue in Which This Paper Appears, See FL 021 050
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 355 801 FL 021 064 AUTHOR Corredor, Eva L. TITLE Towards Teaching French Civilization in Context: A Technology-Aided Approach. PUB DATE 93 NOTE 13p.; For serial issue in which this paper appears, see FL 021 050. PUB TYPE Speeches/Conference Papers (150) Journal Articles (080) JOURNAL CIT Mid-Atlantic Journal of Foreign Language Pedagogy; vl p155-166 Spr 1993 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Cultural Education; *Educational Technology; *French; Higher Education; *Teaching Methods IDENTIFIERS *French Civilization; Naval Academy MD ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how technology, enhanced by the experience and supportive presence of the teacher, can be used toward teaching French civilization within its context. Information is being provided on the philosophical inspiration, and the format, textbooks, basic hardware, software, special programs, services, and materials recommended for French civilization courses. The focus of this paper is on organizational strategies, topical files, timing for maximum input, pre- and post-viewing or listening treatment of materials. A few examples give details on the use of technology in the teaching of specific topics. The conclusion contains a list of benefits, limitations, and recommendations with regard to such technology-aided cultural teaching/learning projects. (Author) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** _ _ _TOWARDS TEACHING FRENCH CIVILIZATION IN. CONTEXT: A TECHNOLOGY-AIDED APPROACH' Eva L Corredor United States Naval Academy Abstract The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how technology, enhanced by the experience andsupportive presence of the teacher, can be used toward a teachingof French civilization within its context. -
American Eagles US Military Aviation in World War I by Narayan
American Eagles The Illustrated History of American Aviation in World War I By Narayan Sengupta American Eagles: American Aviation and World War I 5 Figure 53: Map of main training and HQ locations in France and Italy ............................................................ 105 Figure 54: Salmsons, Spads and other types of airplanes dot airfield at Tours .................................................. 106 Figure 55: Officer's Club at 2nd AIC Tours ..................................................................................................... 107 Figure 56: USAS Enlisted men playing baseball. ............................................................................................ 107 Figure 57: 98th Squadron football team, probably at Tours............................................................................. 108 Figure 58: Field 3 of the 3rd Air Instructional Center at Issoudun .................................................................... 108 Figure 59: Roland Richardson (left) and Quentin Roosevelt (center) with the Normant Family. ....................... 110 Figure 60: Issoudun's airfields in late 1918...................................................................................................... 111 Figure 61: Norman Archibald ......................................................................................................................... 111 Figure 62: Field Four’s commander Harry S. Gwynne standing next the Flying Fish ....................................... 113 Figure 63: Issoudun's cemetery