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Home , Apterygota, Uniramia

October 28, 2013

Phylum Arthropoda Trilobita or Trilobitomorpha Subphylum • merostoma o ex: Limulus  horseshoe crab • Class pycnogonida  sea spiders • Class Arachnida o Order Araneae  spiders o Order Scorpionida  scorpions o Order Opiliones  Harvest men (daddy long legs) o Order Acari  ticks / mites Subphylum Crustacea • Order Decapoda  crabs, lobsters • Order Isopoda  roly polies • Order Anphipoda Subphylum Uniramia • Class Insecta

Phylum Arthropoda • Jointed appendages • Exoskeleton • Complex muscular system; complex striated muscles • Molting: growth via shedding exoskeleton

Trilobites

• • All extinct • Predators, raptorial feeders • Bottom – detritovores • 800 MYA

Order Decopoda • Crabs, lobsters, crayfish • Crayfish = good indicators of water quality Order Isopoda • “Same feet” • Roly Poly, pill bugs • Armadillidium vulgaris: example of how parasites change the behavior of their hose to complete the life cycle o Host for acanthocephala in starlings and robins . Acanthocephala change behavior; cause them not to hide as much; go to light more . Janice Moore – CSU Order Amphipoda “Different feet”

Subphylum Uniramia • Single ramis; single leg • are biramis (two antennae, two everything)

Class Insecta •  old phylum Entoma • Three body parts; one pair of antennae

• • Compound eyes • Thorax always has locomotive appendages • = Insecta • Order Diptera = o One pair of wings o Haltares provide stabilization o Musca domestica “house ” . Sponge mouth parts

October 30, 2013

• Wings arise from tergites • Sternum; sternites = plates of sternum • • All have compound eyes • Ocelli • Spiracle: used for breathing

• o Limits size o Hemolymph “runs through” . Open circulatory system; dorsal heart • Wings arise from Tergum

o o Use wing patterns to identify

Class Insecta • Subclass Apterygota “without wings” (during any stage of development o Order Collembols o Order Thysanvra • Subclass “with wings” (at some stage of life history) o Order Isoptera  termites . Same wings; same venation in both pairs of wings . Truly colonial – eusocial . Queen produces all the eggs . Workers, warriors  big mandibles; nasuti

. . Inside the gut of termites • Endosymbiotic protistans break down cellulose o Order Ephemeroptera  . Immature forms in water . Synchronized hatch  emerge and fly and mate; females lay eggs and die (24 hours) . No mouth parts o Order Diptera “two winged” . Musca domestica  house fly . Vector: mechanism that can transfer a disease causing organism from one “host” to another

November 1, 2013

High speed sphinx moth, the fastest of the insects; sphinx moth and hummingbird moth = same thing

Order – moths, butterflies • Moths – night time, not fancy colored • Butterflies – day, highly variable in color • Homoecthermine: maintain body temperature Order Diptera • Stomoxys calcitrans – stable fly (temperate) o Will bite you, about the size of house fly o Larvae live in decaying vegetation • Dermatobia hominis o Tropical distribution o Life cycle: . Adult males and females .  Female catches a mosquito or other ; lays eggs .  Phoretic transfer host (phoresis = to carry) .  Monkey or human; skin; 4 instars .  Pupa in soil .  adult

Dr. Gardner’s favorite maggot: • Auchmeromyia luteola o Congo floor maggot o Synanthropic o Feeds on you each night o Adult  egg  floor  maggot  feeds on people  several instars  pupa  adult o Instar: developmental stage of larval insects . Get bigger, shed cuticle . Good indicator of time of death Zumpt published a book called Myiasis (infection by maggots)  infection of animals with maggots Maggots = fly larvae

Cuterebra castrator  mouse or rabbit warbles • No mouth parts

1o (primary) screw worm (Cochliomyia homihovorax) • Larvae eat living flesh • Not much of a problem in cattle industry before barbed wire o Cattle got cut on barbed wire • Use radiation on males  sterile males  release them over space of area where infections occur