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October 28, 2013 Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Trilobita Or October 28, 2013 Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Trilobita or Trilobitomorpha Subphylum Chelicerata • Class merostoma o ex: Limulus horseshoe crab • Class pycnogonida sea spiders • Class Arachnida o Order Araneae spiders o Order Scorpionida scorpions o Order Opiliones Harvest men (daddy long legs) o Order Acari ticks / mites Subphylum Crustacea • Order Decapoda crabs, lobsters • Order Isopoda roly polies • Order Anphipoda Subphylum Uniramia • Class Insecta Phylum Arthropoda • Jointed appendages • Exoskeleton • Complex muscular system; complex striated muscles • Molting: growth via shedding exoskeleton Trilobites • • All extinct • Predators, raptorial feeders • Bottom – detritovores • 800 MYA Order Decopoda • Crabs, lobsters, crayfish • Crayfish = good indicators of water quality Order Isopoda • “Same feet” • Roly Poly, pill bugs • Armadillidium vulgaris: example of how parasites change the behavior of their hose to complete the life cycle o Host for acanthocephala in starlings and robins . Acanthocephala change behavior; cause them not to hide as much; go to light more . Janice Moore – CSU Order Amphipoda “Different feet” Subphylum Uniramia • Single ramis; single leg • Crustaceans are biramis (two antennae, two everything) Class Insecta • Entomology old phylum Entoma • Three body parts; one pair of antennae • • Compound eyes • Thorax always has locomotive appendages • Hexapoda = Insecta • Order Diptera = Flies o One pair of wings o Haltares provide stabilization o Musca domestica “house fly” . Sponge mouth parts October 30, 2013 • Wings arise from tergites • Sternum; sternites = plates of sternum • • All arthropods have compound eyes • Ocelli • Spiracle: used for breathing • o Limits size o Hemolymph “runs through” . Open circulatory system; dorsal heart • Wings arise from Tergum o o Use wing patterns to identify insects Class Insecta • Subclass Apterygota “without wings” (during any stage of development o Order Collembols o Order Thysanvra • Subclass Pterygota “with wings” (at some stage of life history) o Order Isoptera termites . Same wings; same venation in both pairs of wings . Truly colonial – eusocial animals . Queen produces all the eggs . Workers, warriors big mandibles; nasuti . Inside the gut of termites • Endosymbiotic protistans break down cellulose o Order Ephemeroptera mayflies . Immature forms in water . Synchronized hatch emerge and fly and mate; females lay eggs and die (24 hours) . No mouth parts o Order Diptera “two winged” . Musca domestica house fly . Vector: mechanism that can transfer a disease causing organism from one “host” to another November 1, 2013 High speed sphinx moth, the fastest of the insects; sphinx moth and hummingbird moth = same thing Order Lepidoptera – moths, butterflies • Moths – night time, not fancy colored • Butterflies – day, highly variable in color • Homoecthermine: maintain body temperature Order Diptera • Stomoxys calcitrans – stable fly (temperate) o Will bite you, about the size of house fly o Larvae live in decaying vegetation • Dermatobia hominis o Tropical distribution o Life cycle: . Adult males and females . Female catches a mosquito or other arthropod; lays eggs . Phoretic transfer host (phoresis = to carry) . Monkey or human; skin; 4 instars . Pupa in soil . adult Dr. Gardner’s favorite maggot: • Auchmeromyia luteola o Congo floor maggot o Synanthropic o Feeds on you each night o Adult egg floor maggot feeds on people several instars pupa adult o Instar: developmental stage of larval insects . Get bigger, shed cuticle . Good indicator of time of death Zumpt published a book called Myiasis (infection by maggots) infection of animals with maggots Maggots = fly larvae Cuterebra castrator mouse or rabbit warbles • No mouth parts 1o (primary) screw worm (Cochliomyia homihovorax) • Larvae eat living flesh • Not much of a problem in cattle industry before barbed wire o Cattle got cut on barbed wire • Use radiation on males sterile males release them over space of area where infections occur .
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