Strategic Level Context and Analysis

Home , Baddesley Clinton, Kenilworth Castle, Stoneleigh Abbey, Stoneleigh Park

Introduction

Desktop analysis has been undertaken at a strategic level, presenting Kenilworth in context with the surrounding area - as far as Coventry in the north, Solihull in the west, Leamington Spa in the south and Ryton-on Dunsmore in the east.

Settlements do not exist in isolation from each other. A strategic level of analysis enables a greater level of understanding of how Kenilworth operates in relation to its neighbouring towns and cities.

Kenilworth Design Guide June 2018 01:Strategic Level Context and Analysis : Kenilworth01 Design Guide April 2019 Kenilworth Castle Strategic Coventry Kenilworth Solihull Location Development Brief

Figure 1: Figure 1 maps the geographic location of Kenilworth in relation to Strategic Level Plan - neighbouring administrative authorities of Solihull, Stratford-on- Location Avon, Rugby and Coventry. Burton Green Development Brief Site Since the railway arrived in Kenilworth in 1844, Kenilworth has Warwick District been a commuter town to larger towns and cities that surround it. Many residents of Kenilworth commute to Coventry, Warwick, Rugby Neighbouring Administrative Birmingham and Leamington Spa. Authorities

Kenilworth Stoneleigh

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Leek Wootton

Royal Leamington Warwick Spa

Stratford-on-Avon

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©Crown copyright and database rights, Ordnance Survey licence number 100018302, (2018) CB:KS EB:robertson_s LUC Fig01_10322_r1_Strategic_Location_A4L 02/08/2018

Figure 1 - Strategic Location

8 Kenilworth Design Guide April 2019 01:Strategic Level Context and Analysis Destinations and (!14 Kenilworth (!13 (!15 Development Brief Key Attractions Coventry

Figure 2: Strategic Level Plan - Destinations / Key (!11 There are a number of key facilities and destinations dispersed Attractions across the area with a high concentration within the surrounding areas of Coventry and Royal Leamington Spa and towards Solihull. (!4 Development Brief Site (!12 (! Key Destinations Four key destinations are located within close proximity to (!9 Kenilworth. These are Kenilworth Castle, The University of 1: Kenilworth Castle Warwick, Crackley Woods Nature Reserve and Stoneleigh Abbey. (!10 2: Crackley Woods Nature Reserve It will therefore be important that the future housing sites are able 3: Stoneleigh Abbey 2 to include transport infrastructure (particularly walking, cycling (! 4: University of Warwick and public transport) that facilitate access to these destinations. 5: National Trust Baddesley Clinton Furthermore future housing and development sites should not 6: Ryton Pools Country Park impact on the setting of these key destinations, or the visitor 7: Warwick Racecourse experience provided by the places. 8: Warwick Castle 6 (!1 Kenilworth (! 9: Lunt Roman Fort 10: Coventry Airport 5 (!16 11: Jaguar Land Rover Whitley (! !3 ( 12: Brandon Marsh Nature Reserve 13: Coventry Cathedral 14: Coventry Transport Museum 15: Coventry University 16: Stoneleigh Park

Royal Leamington Warwick Spa

(!7 (!8

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©Crown copyright and database rights, Ordnance Survey licence number 100018302, (2018) CB:KS EB:robertson_s LUC Fig02_10322_r1_Destinations_Key_Attractions_A4L 02/08/2018

Figure 2 - Key Destinations and Attractions

Kenilworth Design Guide April 2019 01:Strategic Level Context and Analysis 9 Agricultural Kenilworth Development Brief Land Coventry

Figure 3: Classification Strategic Level Plan - Agricultural Land Classification and and Existing Existing Woodland Development Brief Site Woodland Woodland Agricultural Land Classification Grade 1* Agricultural land is classified into five categories according to its suitability to grow crops, where 1 is the best and most versatile Grade 2 and 5 is the worst. The majority of land to the west of Kenilworth Grade 3 and the surrounding areas are graded 3 with a couple of exceptions Grade 4 Kenilworth around the west and south of Coventry, the south of Warwick and Grade 5 the east and north of Royal Lemington Spa which are graded 2. Non Agricultural There are pockets of grade 2 agricultural land to the north west, Urban north, north east and south east of Kenilworth. * No Grade 1 Classification within the map extent. There are also woodland areas dispersed across the site including ancient woodland within and immediately adjacent to the site.

The Development Brief Site is located on agricultural land that is classified as grade 2 and 3. Therefore as a result ofthe proposed development at this site there would be a loss of very good and good to moderate quality agricultural land. National Planning Policy Chapter 11 Conserving and Enhancing the Natural Environment, paragraph 112 states that local authorities should seek to use poorer quality agricultural land for development in preference to higher quality land. It should be noted that the loss of agricultural land to housing within the Development Brief Site Royal has been deemed acceptable by the planning inspector responsible Leamington for approving the Local Plan and subsequent housing allocation Warwick Spa within in. Furthermore whilst grade 2 agricultural land will be lost a significant amount of grade 2 land will remain around Kenilworth.

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©Crown copyright and database rights, Ordnance Survey licence number 100018302, (2018) CB:KS EB:robertson_s LUC Fig03_10322_r1_Land_Use_A4L 19/07/2018

Figure 3 - Agricultural Land Classification and Existing Woodland

10 Kenilworth Design Guide April 2019 01:Strategic Level Context and Analysis M42 A4600 Movement and A4053 Kenilworth A428 53 Development Brief Coventry 53 (! A4114 Connectivity (! (! (! A4082 Figure 4: Strategic Level Plan - Kenilworth is surrounded by a strategic road network joining it Movement and Connectivity A45 to surrounding settlements of Coventry and Royal Leamington 52 Spa. These include the A46 which lies immediately adjacent to the A444 south east of the Development Brief Site and connect Coventry to ^_ Development Brief Site Warwick and Leamington Spa. This also connects Kenilworth to Jl Local Airports the M40 via Warwick. The A452 connects Kenilworth to the M42 A429 motorway, Leamington Spa and Solihull, and the A429 provides 523 A452 ^_ University of Warwick an alternative route connecting Kenilworth and Coventry. The M40 A4141 Jl and the M6 are located within close proximity of Kenilworth and a (! Railway Stations railway network connecting Coventry and Royal Leamington Spa Railway passes through the town, making it popular with commuters. This A Road also connects Kenilworth to the national rail network as well as A423 neighbouring towns. Motorway Kenilworth National Cycle Routes National Cycle Route 52 which connects Coventry to Warwick A46 runs through the University of Warwick and then Kenilworth (! before heading south towards Warwick via Rounds Hill. This route (! should be upgraded where necessary to provide improved cycle A445 connectivity between Kenilworth and the University. Furthermore housing allocation sites should seek to connect into this route wherever possible to allow for improved cycle connectivity to the 523 university and other settlements. A429 52 52

A452 A4177

(! A46 M40 Royal Leamington Spa 52 (! Warwick

! 41 (! ( 41 (! A425

Transport infrastructure which (! connects Kenilworth to A4189 surrounding settlements.

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©Crown copyright and database rights, Ordnance Survey licence number 100018302, (2018) CB:KS EB:robertson_s LUC Fig04_10322_r1_Movement_Connectivity_A4L 18/07/2018

Figure 4 - Movement and Connectivity

Kenilworth Design Guide April 2019 01:Strategic Level Context and Analysis 11 Green and Blue Kenilworth Development Brief Infrastructure Coventry

Figure 5: Strategic Level Plan - Kenilworth is surrounded by Green Belt, established in the 1950s Green and Blue to maintain the openness of rural areas between Coventry and Infrastructure Kenilworth as well as preventing coalescence with neighbouring settlements. Ancient Woodland is prevalent, with larger woodland Development Brief Site blocks concentrated to the east of Kenilworth. Recreational Local Nature Reserves green spaces are dotted throughout urban areas and the wider (LNR) countryside. Local Nature Reserves tend to be located within urban areas. Ancient Woodland Other Woodland The River Avon flows to the east of Kenilworth and continues through Stratford. The Stratford Canal waterways are situated Recreation Spaces within the Henley-in-Arden area in the west. Green Belt As a result Ancient Woodland within the Development Brief Site it Rivers and Lakes will be necessary for future development to minimise any impact Kenilworth on designated areas of woodland. The site is also adjacent to Green Belt (albeit separated from it by the A46) and therefore the layout and design of future housing should allow for a gradual transition between town and country in order to integrate the development into the wider landscape as well as minimise any visual impact of the development.

For further information concerning Green Infrastructure please refer to Figure 13: Settlement Level Plan - Green Infrastructure.

For information concerning connectivity please refer to figure 8a: Settlement Level Plan - Existing Vehicular Transport Connectivity and figure 8b: Settlement Level Plan - Non-Motorised Transport Connectivity.

For information concerning flood risk refer to figure 11: Settlement Level Plan - Flood Risk and for information concerning biodiversity Royal refer to figure 12: Settlement Level Plan - Biodiversity. Leamington Warwick Spa

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©Crown copyright and database rights, Ordnance Survey licence number 100018302, (2018) CB:KS EB:robertson_s LUC Fig05_10322_r0_GreenBlue_Infrastructure_A4L 18/07/2018 Source: NE, FC

Figure 5 - Green and Blue Infrastructure

12 Kenilworth Design Guide April 2019 01:Strategic Level Context and Analysis Landscape Kenilworth Development Brief Character Areas Coventry

Figure 6: Strategic Level Plan - Kenilworth lies within the National Character Area (NCA) 97:Arden Landscape Character Areas with NCA 96:Dunsmore and Feldon area to the east.

Kenilworth and the Development Brief Site lie entirely within the Development Brief Site Arden Regional Landscape Character Area. This is an historic region Landscape Character Areas for former wood pasture and heath characterised by dispersed settlement pattern, ancient woodland and mature hedgerow oak 96: Dunsmore and Feldon trees. Arden is characterised by a wide range of historical and 97: Arden ecological features which create a landscape of intimacy and a strong sense of place. 106: Severn and Avon Vales Relevant development guidelines associated with the Arden Landscape Character Area include: Kenilworth • Conserve all sites of archaeological and historical importance • Conserve the character of rural settlements by retaining existing features • Soften hard built edges through increased tree planting within and around new development • Protect and conserve the irregular pattern and characteristic features of roads and lanes • Conserve ancient woodland sites • Conserve the built character of Arden by ensuring that new development reflects the vernacular style of which brick and timber are the dominant building materials.

Royal Leamington Warwick Spa

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Figure 6 - Landscape Character Areas

Kenilworth Design Guide April 2019 01:Strategic Level Context and Analysis 13 Heritage Assets Kenilworth Coventry Development Brief

There are Scheduled Ancient Monuments (SAMs) located across the wider settlement area and several large scale Registered Parks and Gardens. Figure 7: Strategic Level Plan - Key Registered Parks and Gardens include Warwick Castle Park Heritage Assets in Warwick, Abbey Fields in Kenilworth; the Stoneleigh Deer Park, east of Kenilworth and Coombe Abbey Country Park to the Development Brief Site east of Coventry. Scheduled Monuments

The roman settlement at Glasshouse Wood (SAM) lies 1. Kenilworth Abbey immediately to the east of the Development Brief Site and the 2. Kenilworth Castle north western edge of the SAM lies within the northern part of 3. Fishpond complex - the Development Brief Site. As a result it will be necessary to 260m east of Castle Farm minimise the impact on the setting of the historic site. Stoneleigh 4. Roman settlement Abbey and Country Park lie to the east of the Development Brief at Glasshouse Wood Site. Again it will be necessary to minimise the impact on the Kenilworth 5. The Pleasance setting of this historic asset. moated site

Please note that listed buildings are identified in Figure 15: Registered Parks and Settlement Level Plan - Heritage Assets. Gardens 1. Stoneleigh Abbey & Country Park 2. Kenilworth Castle 3. Garden at 1 Castle Hill (formerly Wantage) 4. Stoneleigh Abbey Deer Park

Royal Leamington Spa

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Figure 7 - Heritage Assets

14 Kenilworth Design Guide April 2019 01:Strategic Level Context and Analysis View from Leamington Road towards St. Johns Church

Kenilworth Design Guide April 2019 01:Strategic Level Context and Analysis 15